WO2021192779A1 - 緩衝器 - Google Patents
緩衝器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021192779A1 WO2021192779A1 PCT/JP2021/006617 JP2021006617W WO2021192779A1 WO 2021192779 A1 WO2021192779 A1 WO 2021192779A1 JP 2021006617 W JP2021006617 W JP 2021006617W WO 2021192779 A1 WO2021192779 A1 WO 2021192779A1
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- damping force
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- piston
- cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
- F16F9/512—Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
- F16F9/5126—Piston, or piston-like valve elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/346—Throttling passages in the form of slots arranged in cylinder walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/1034—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect of movement of a liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
- F16F9/185—Bitubular units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
- F16F9/3242—Constructional features of cylinders of cylinder ends, e.g. caps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
- F16F9/46—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
- F16F9/46—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall
- F16F9/465—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall using servo control, the servo pressure being created by the flow of damping fluid, e.g. controlling pressure in a chamber downstream of a pilot passage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
- F16F9/512—Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to, for example, a shock absorber that reduces vibration of a vehicle such as an automobile.
- Patent Document 1 describes a suspension control device that compensates for a response delay due to an actuator or the like by controlling the actuator so that the unsprung acceleration whose phase advances by 90 ° with respect to the piston speed.
- the flow of the working fluid cannot be controlled from the outside. Therefore, due to the phase delay of the damping force with respect to the piston speed, the force for damping the spring (vehicle body) may decrease, and the force for exciting the spring may increase. This may lead to a decrease in ride quality with respect to high frequency input.
- An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber capable of suppressing a delay in damping force with respect to high-frequency vibration without controlling an actuator.
- the shock absorber of one embodiment of the present invention is connected to a cylinder-side member having a cylinder in which a working fluid is sealed, a piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into one side chamber and another side chamber, and the outside of the cylinder.
- a piston-side member having a piston rod extending to, a first continuous passage provided in the piston-side member and communicating the one-side chamber and the other-side chamber, and the cylinder-side member provided in the one-side chamber and the other. It includes a second passage that communicates with the side chamber, and a first damping mechanism and a second damping mechanism that are provided in the first and second passages, respectively.
- the second damping mechanism is in the second passage. It is a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid.
- the shock absorber of the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the cylinder side member having a cylinder in which the working fluid is sealed, the piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into the one side chamber and the other side chamber, and the piston.
- a piston-side member having a piston rod extending to the outside, a reservoir chamber for compensating for entry and exit of the piston rod, a third passage connecting the one-side chamber or the other-side chamber with the reservoir chamber, and the first.
- a third damping mechanism provided in the triple passage is provided, and the third damping mechanism is a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid in the third passage.
- FIG. 15 It is a characteristic diagram which shows the innermost characteristic line in FIG. 15 in an enlarged manner. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the damping force of the shock absorber provided with the frequency sensitive part by the comparative example, and the time change of a piston speed. It is a vertical sectional view which shows the shock absorber by 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the damping force adjusting device in FIG. 18.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an enlarged damping force adjusting valve, a frequency sensitive portion, a flow path forming member, and the like in FIG. 19 with the right side of FIG. 19 facing upward. It is a top view which shows the introduction disk and the passage disk which make up the flow path forming member. It is a characteristic diagram (piston speed-damping force) showing the relationship between the piston speed and the damping force with and without the phase correction communication path (phase correction device).
- FIGS. 14, 18 to 21 are drawings drawn with accuracy similar to the design drawings.
- the shock absorber 1 is, for example, a hydraulic shock absorber for a vehicle such as an automobile.
- the shock absorber 1 constitutes a suspension device for a vehicle together with, for example, a suspension spring (not shown) made of a coil spring.
- one end side in the axial direction of the shock absorber 1 will be referred to as the "lower end” side, and the other end side in the axial direction will be referred to as the "upper end” side.
- the "upper end” side may be used, and the other end side in the axial direction may be the "lower end” side.
- the shock absorber 1 includes an outer cylinder 2, an inner cylinder 3, a piston 4, a piston rod 9, and a phase correction communication passage 15.
- the outer cylinder 2 is formed in a bottomed cylinder shape and constitutes the outer shell of the shock absorber 1.
- the lower end side which is one end side, is closed as the bottom portion 2A, and the upper end side, which is the other end side, is open.
- the opening on the upper end side of the outer cylinder 2 is closed by the rod guide 7 and the rod seal 8.
- the inner cylinder 3 as a cylinder is coaxially provided in the outer cylinder 2.
- the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 2 form a double cylinder type (twin tube) cylinder device (buffer). That is, the outer cylinder 2 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 3.
- An oil solution (hydraulic oil) as a working fluid (working fluid) is sealed in the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 2.
- the oil liquid as the working liquid is not limited to oil, and may be, for example, water or the like mixed with additives.
- the lower end side of the inner cylinder 3 is fitted to the bottom valve 10 and attached, and the upper end side is closed by the rod guide 7.
- the inner cylinder 3 forms (defines) an annular reservoir chamber A with the outer cylinder 2. That is, a reservoir chamber A is provided between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 2.
- a gas is sealed in the reservoir chamber A together with an oil liquid which is a working liquid.
- This gas may be, for example, air in an atmospheric pressure state, or may be compressed nitrogen gas.
- the reservoir chamber A compensates for the entry and exit of the piston rod 9.
- the bottom valve 10 is located on the lower end side of the inner cylinder 3 and is provided between the bottom portion 2A of the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3.
- the inner cylinder 3 is formed in a bottomed cylinder shape by closing one end side by the bottom valve 10.
- a single-cylinder (monotube) cylinder device may be configured by a bottomed cylinder (inner cylinder) without providing an outer cylinder and a bottom valve.
- the piston 4 is slidably inserted (inserted) into the inner cylinder 3.
- the piston 4 divides (defines) the inside of the inner cylinder 3 into two chambers (that is, a bottom oil chamber B serving as one side chamber and a rod side oil chamber C serving as the other side chamber).
- the piston 4 is provided with oil passages 4A and 4B that allow communication between the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C.
- the working liquid flows from one of the oil chambers B and C in the inner cylinder 3 (cylinder) from one chamber to the other chamber due to the movement of the piston 4. It constitutes a forgiving passage.
- the oil passage 4A and the oil passage 4B each of which serves as a first communication passage, communicate the bottom side oil chamber B, which is one side chamber, and the rod side oil chamber C, which is the other side chamber.
- the oil passage 4A and the oil passage 4B are main flow paths (first flow paths) in which the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) is generated by the movement of the piston 4.
- the piston 4 is provided with a reduction side valve 5 (hereinafter referred to as a compression side valve 5) that constitutes a reduction valve on the reduction side (contraction side).
- the compression side valve 5 is composed of, for example, a disc valve provided on the upper side of the piston 4.
- the compression side valve 5 has an oil passage from the bottom side oil chamber B toward the rod side oil chamber C when the piston 4 slides and displaces downward along the inner cylinder 3 in the contraction stroke (shrinkage stroke) of the piston rod 9. Gives resistance to the oil liquid flowing in 4A. As a result, a predetermined damping force is generated in the contraction stroke of the piston rod 9.
- the compression side valve 5 controls the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) generated by the sliding of the piston 4 in the inner cylinder 3 to generate a damping force.
- the compression side valve 5 corresponds to a first damping mechanism provided in the oil passage 4A as the first continuous passage.
- the piston 4 is provided with an extension side valve 6 (hereinafter referred to as an extension side valve 6) that constitutes an extension side (extension side) damping valve.
- the extension valve 6 is composed of, for example, a disc valve provided on the lower side of the piston 4.
- the extension valve 6 is oiled from the rod side oil chamber C toward the bottom side oil chamber B when the piston 4 is slidably displaced upward along the inner cylinder 3 in the extension stroke (extension stroke) of the piston rod 9. Gives resistance to the oil liquid flowing in the road 4B. As a result, a predetermined damping force is generated in the extension stroke of the piston rod 9.
- the extension valve 6 controls the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) generated by the sliding of the piston 4 in the inner cylinder 3 to generate a damping force.
- the extension valve 6 corresponds to a first damping mechanism provided in the oil passage 4B as the first continuous passage.
- the upper end side (open end side) of the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 is closed by the rod guide 7 and the rod seal 8.
- the rod guide 7 is a guide member that slidably guides the piston rod 9 to be displaced in the axial direction.
- the rod guide 7 is provided so as to be fitted to the upper end side (open end side) of the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3.
- the rod seal 8 is provided on the upper surface side of the rod guide 7.
- the rod seal 8 is composed of, for example, a metallic annular plate as a core metal and an elastic sealing material such as rubber attached to the annular plate by means such as baking.
- the inner circumference of the rod seal 8 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral side of the piston rod 9, so that the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 and the piston rod 9 are hermetically and airtightly sealed.
- the lower end side of the piston rod 9 which is the base end side is inserted into the inner cylinder 3, and the upper end side which is the tip end side protrudes to the outside of the inner cylinder 3 via the rod guide 7. That is, the piston rod 9 is connected to the piston 4 and extends to the outside of the inner cylinder 3.
- a piston 4 is attached to the lower end side of the piston rod 9 together with a compression side valve 5 and an extension side valve 6.
- the lower end of the piston rod 9 may be further extended so as to protrude outward from the bottom portion side to form so-called both rods. That is, the piston rod 9 of the inner cylinder 3 protrudes from at least one end thereof.
- the bottom valve 10 is provided on the lower end side of the inner cylinder 3.
- the bottom valve 10 is provided in the valve body 11 for partitioning (defining, separating) the reservoir chamber A and the bottom oil chamber B, the contraction valve 12 provided in the valve body 11, and the valve body 11. It is composed of a check valve 13 on the extension side.
- the valve body 11 is provided with oil passages 11A and 11B that allow the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B to communicate with each other.
- the damping force due to the hydraulic pressure of the damper tends to delay the piston speed as the operating frequency increases. That is, as the vibration frequency increases with respect to the operation of the piston, the phase of the damping force with respect to the piston speed tends to be delayed. This may lead to a decrease in vibration damping property and an increase in vibration transmission in high-frequency vibration, resulting in a decrease in ride quality.
- Patent Document 1 described above describes a suspension control device that compensates for a response delay due to an actuator or the like by controlling the actuator so that the unsprung acceleration whose phase advances by 90 ° with respect to the piston speed. ..
- the flow of the working fluid cannot be controlled from the outside. Therefore, due to the phase delay of the damping force with respect to the piston speed, the force for damping the spring (vehicle body) may decrease, and the force for exciting the spring may increase. This may lead to a decrease in ride quality with respect to high frequency input.
- the hydraulic damping force causes a phase lag with respect to the piston speed.
- This phase lag increases as the frequency increases (as the acceleration increases).
- the phase lag of this damping force is small at low frequencies near the sprung resonance (for example, around 1.5 Hz) and is unlikely to be a problem, but at higher frequencies the phase lag becomes larger and high frequency vibrations occur.
- the effect on reduction performance and sound vibration reduction performance may be large. That is, when the phase of the damping force is delayed with respect to the phase of the piston speed, the damping force in the vibration damping region tends to decrease and the damping force in the vibration damping region tends to increase.
- the ride quality may be lowered due to the increase in the vibration transmission rate on the spring, and the sound vibration performance may be lowered.
- the unsprung vibration damping property may be affected, and the unsprung fluttering and the feeling of bullishness may worsen.
- the phase lag is improved in the high frequency region where the phase lag is large by generating the force of the acceleration phase whose phase is ahead of the piston speed by using the oil inertial force. That is, as will be described later, in the first embodiment, the communication passage (phase correction communication passage 15) communicating between the piston upper chamber (rod side oil chamber C) and the piston lower chamber (bottom side oil chamber B). And by setting this communication passage to a predetermined length, the pressure of the acceleration phase due to the inertial force of the oil liquid (oil) in the communication passage is applied to the operating chamber (piston upper chamber, piston lower chamber). ).
- the damping force in the vibration damping region can be increased and the damping force in the vibration damping region can be reduced to reduce the spring vibration and the vibration transmission.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show the relationship between the control law of the damping force of the damper and the phase of the damping force of the damper.
- a control rule of the damping force of the damper skyhook damper control which is excellent in damping of spring vibration and reduction of vibration transmission from the road surface to the spring is known.
- the damping force is large or small depending on the position (displacement) of the damper stroke and the operating direction (extension, contraction). It is known that it is effective to control.
- the damping region in FIG. 2 is a region where the damper generates a damping force on the spring. In the vibration damping region, the vibration on the spring can be reduced by increasing the damping force.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the displacement of the shock absorber (damper displacement) and the damping force, that is, the displacement-damping force lisage (Lissajous waveform, history curve shape).
- the damping force in the damping region of the approximate law tends to be reduced and the damping force in the damping region tends to be increased.
- the damping property of the spring vibration is lowered, and the vibration transmission from the road surface to the spring is increased, so that the riding comfort may be lowered.
- the riding comfort can be improved by improving the vibration damping property of the spring vibration and reducing the vibration transmission from the road surface to the spring.
- the damping force in the damping region is increased by advancing the phase of the damping force of the damper, and the damping force in the vibration damping region is reduced to realize the damping force characteristic according to the approximate rule. .. That is, in the embodiment, the oil inertial force is used to generate an acceleration phase force whose phase is ahead of the piston speed to improve the phase lag in a high frequency region where the phase lag of the hydraulic damping force is large. .. Therefore, in the embodiment, the damper (buffer) includes a phase correction mechanism (phase correction device) that corrects the phase of the damping force by the oil inertial force. As a result, the phase delay of the damper damping force at high frequencies can be improved, and the riding comfort can be improved. Hereinafter, the phase correction mechanism will be described.
- the shock absorber 1 includes a phase correction communication passage 15 serving as a phase correction mechanism.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 3, in other words, in the reservoir chamber A between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 2.
- the phase correction continuous passage 15 is configured as a tubular pipeline, and the passage length l is larger than the cross-sectional area a (for example, 30 ⁇ passage length l / cross-sectional area a ⁇ 1200 [1 / mm]). That is, the shock absorber 1 includes a cylinder-side member having an inner cylinder 3 and a piston-side member having a piston 4 and a piston rod 9 that move relative to the inner cylinder 3.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid is arranged in the cylinder side member (inner cylinder 3).
- the phase correction communication passage 15 includes a linear other side passage 15A (hereinafter referred to as an upper passage 15A) communicating with the rod side oil chamber C through an opening with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3 and an inner cylinder. Between the linear one-sided passage 15B (hereinafter referred to as the lower passage 15B) communicating with the bottom oil chamber B through the opening with the inner peripheral surface of No. 3 and the upper passage 15A and the lower passage 15B. It is provided with a spiral pipeline 15C that connects the upper passage 15A and the lower passage 15B.
- the spiral conduit 15C is formed as a spiral conduit extending in the circumferential direction and traveling in the axial direction.
- the piston 4 (compression side valve 5, extension side valve 6) is not provided with a fixed orifice (constant orifice).
- the fixed orifice (constant orifice) is, for example, played by the frictional resistance of the pipe in the upper passage 15A, the lower passage 15B and the spiral pipe 15C.
- the spiral conduit 15C is arranged near the oil level of the reservoir chamber A, which fluctuates due to the operation of the shock absorber 1.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 is provided between the bottom side oil chamber B, which is one side chamber, and the rod side oil chamber C, which is the other side chamber. Similar to the first passage (oil passage 4A and oil passage 4B), the phase correction communication passage 15 is a communication passage (second passage) in which the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) is generated by the movement of the piston 4. That is, the phase correction communication passage 15 is provided in the inner cylinder 3 (more specifically, the reservoir chamber A between the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 2) which is a cylinder side member. The bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C are communicated with each other. A second attenuation mechanism is provided in the phase correction communication passage 15.
- the second damping mechanism is configured as a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid of the phase correction communication passage 15.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 has a spiral conduit 15C that makes a plurality of turns (orbits) with the same diameter while advancing in the axial direction, thereby generating a damping mechanism (axial force) that advances the phase of the damping force. It is configured as.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 has a large passage length (passage length l is large with respect to the cross-sectional area a) between the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C (orifice portion). It has become.
- the spiral conduit 15C extends circumferentially (ie, extends beyond 360 °) to a position where the start point exceeds the end point in top view.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 may omit the portion (upper communication passage, lower communication passage) extending in a straight line in the axial direction, and may be entirely configured by a spiral pipeline.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the oil inertial force.
- the damper axial force due to the oil inertial force is calculated with reference to FIG.
- the cross-sectional area of the cylinder (inner cylinder 3) is "Ac”
- the cross-sectional area of the rod (piston rod 9) is "Ar”
- the cross-sectional area of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15) connecting the parts is set to "a", the length of the orifice part (phase correction communication passage 15) is set to “l”, and the stroke acceleration of the damper (buffer 1) ( Relative acceleration) is defined as “G”, and the oil density, which is the density of the oil liquid, is defined as “ ⁇ ”.
- the oil mass m of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15) is as follows.
- the axial force Fg acting in the acceleration phase of the damper (buffer 1) is given by the following equation (5). That is, the axial force Fg acting in the acceleration phase of the damper (buffer 1) due to the oil inertial force f is the "acceleration (G)", the length l of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15), and the cross-sectional area a. Ratio (l / a) ".
- FIG. 5 shows the effect of the inertial force of the oil on the damper damping force phase.
- “Piping lengths a, b, c” in FIG. 5 have different lengths (pipe lengths) of the orifice portions (phase correction communication passages 15), and a ⁇ b ⁇ c.
- the "conventional structure damper” in FIG. 5 is not provided with an orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15). Since the oil inertial force in the phase correction communication passage 15 provided in parallel with the piston valve (compression side valve 5, extension side valve 6) is generated in the piston acceleration phase, the pressure in the phase advanced from the piston velocity phase is applied. It can act on the chamber (bottom side oil chamber B, rod side oil chamber C).
- This inertial force generates a force proportional to the acceleration, and the magnitude of the pressure acting on the pressure chambers (bottom side oil chamber B, rod side oil chamber C) due to the inertial force is also proportional to the acceleration.
- the magnitude of acceleration is proportional to the square of the excitation frequency of the damper (buffer 1).
- the damping force of the damper becomes a lag phase as the excitation frequency increases, but by applying the influence of inertial force, the lag phase is eliminated even in high frequency excitation and the phase is set to the lead phase. be able to. Therefore, for high-frequency input, it is possible to improve the riding comfort by achieving both an increase in the damping force in the vibration damping region and a reduction in the damping force in the vibration damping region, which conforms to the skyhook damper approximation rule shown in FIG. That is, the oil inertial force is generated in proportion to the acceleration in the phase of the damper excitation acceleration.
- the damping force phase can be improved in the advancing direction especially for high-frequency vibrations in which the phase delay of the hydraulic damping force is large, and the damping force characteristics can be obtained according to the Skyhook damper approximation rule. .. Therefore, it is possible to improve the vibration insulation performance from the road surface and improve the riding comfort while suppressing the vibration on the spring (vehicle body) against high-frequency vibration.
- FIG. 6 shows the effect of improving the phase lag due to the oil inertial force according to the embodiment.
- the upper part of FIG. 6 shows the Lissajous waveform of the displacement and the damper axial force, and the lower part shows the time axis waveform.
- the oil inertial force is used to generate a force having an acceleration phase whose phase is ahead of the piston speed. That is, the oil inertial force (axial force) is applied to the damping force (axial force) with a delay.
- the phase lag can be improved in a high frequency region where the phase lag of the hydraulic damping force becomes large, for example, 20 Hz.
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the length of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15) and the damping force phase.
- the "conventional structure damper” in FIG. 7 is not provided with an orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15).
- the ratio (l / a) of the length l of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15) to the cross-sectional area a is A ⁇ B ⁇ . C ⁇ D.
- FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the relative velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the shock absorber (operating region of the shock absorber).
- FIG. 9 shows a damping force and a corrected damping force (damping force corrected by the orifice portion) in three cases where the frequency and the amplitude are different from each other.
- FIG. 9A shows the damping force and the correction damping force near the sprung resonance frequency (low frequency large amplitude, frequency 1.5Hz, amplitude ⁇ 20mm), and
- FIG. 9B shows a rugged feeling.
- the damping force and the corrected damping force in the region are shown.
- FIG. The damping force (08 mm) and the corrected damping force are shown.
- the magnitude of the oil inertial force is proportional to the value of the ratio (l / a) of the length l of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15) to the cross-sectional area a. Therefore, the damping force phase can be adjusted by the length l and the cross-sectional area a of the orifice portion (phase correction communication passage 15).
- the pipe length B in FIG. 7 is an example in which the ratio (l / a) of the length l to the cross-sectional area a is adjusted with the phase delay being substantially 0 near the unsprung resonance point (13 Hz). This improves the unsprung vibration damping property.
- the damping force becomes a leading phase, and it is possible to suppress the spring vibration and reduce the vibration transmission with respect to the high frequency vibration.
- the pipe lengths C and D in FIG. 7 are examples in which the effect on high frequency vibration is further improved, and the damping force phase at high frequency becomes a more advanced phase.
- the phase delay of the damping force with respect to the piston speed decreases.
- the phase of the damping force with respect to the piston speed at a high frequency can be set as the advanced phase. For example, if the length l (ratio l / a) is adjusted to match the phase of the damping force to the vicinity of the piston velocity phase at the unspring resonance frequency (near 13 Hz), the damping force becomes relative to the piston velocity at higher frequencies. , Take the lead phase.
- the length l (ratio l / a) is further increased and the high-frequency damping force phase is further advanced to improve the riding comfort. It can be improved.
- the delay of the damping force is small in the vicinity of the spring resonance frequency (low frequency large amplitude, frequency 1.5 Hz, amplitude ⁇ 20 mm).
- the delay of the damping force becomes large, whereas the correction damping force has a delay. small.
- the delay of the damping force becomes larger, while the correction damping force advances. It becomes a phase and the damping force in the excitation range can be reduced.
- the effect of the phase correction passage 15 which is the phase correction device is large in the high frequency fine amplitude range, the transmission of vibration on the spring can be reduced, and the sound vibration performance can be improved.
- the shock absorber 1 according to the first embodiment has the above-described configuration, and its operation will be described next.
- the tip end side (upper end side) of the piston rod 9 is attached to the vehicle body side of the vehicle (automobile), and the base end side (lower end side) of the outer cylinder 2 is attached to the wheel side (axle side) of the vehicle.
- the piston rod 9 is expanded and contracted, and a damping force is generated by the compression side valve 5, the extension side valve 6, and the phase correction communication passage 15 of the piston 4. Attenuates the vibration of.
- FIG. 10 shows the damping force characteristics of the damper (buffer) at very low speeds.
- the solid line 18 shows the damping force characteristic of the shock absorber 1 of the embodiment provided with the phase correction device (phase correction communication passage 15).
- the broken line 19 shows the damping force characteristic of the shock absorber of the comparative example (having a normal constant orifice) without the phase correction device (phase correction communication passage 15).
- the Reynolds number at a very low speed can be reduced and the friction loss of the flow path can be increased.
- the phase correction device (phase correction communication passage 15) generates a damping force substantially proportional to the flow rate in a flow close to the laminar flow in the vicinity of the start-up when the Reynolds number is small.
- the characteristic becomes proportional to the square of the flow rate.
- the constant orifice has a characteristic that is substantially proportional to the square of the flow rate from the start.
- the phase of the damping force can be advanced by the phase correction passage 15 which is the phase correction unit.
- the phase correction continuous passage 15 can be configured by, for example, increasing the passage length l with respect to the cross-sectional area a (for example, 30 ⁇ l / a ⁇ 1200 [1 / mm]).
- the pressure of the acceleration phase due to the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid of the phase correction communication passage 15 is applied to the bottom side oil chamber B or the bottom side oil chamber B which becomes the operating chamber (piston upper and lower chamber) of the cylinder. It can act on the oil chamber C on the rod side.
- the damping force phase can be advanced with respect to the piston velocity phase, the damping force in the vibration damping region with respect to the spring (vehicle body) of the vehicle can be increased, and the damping force in the vibration damping region can be reduced. .. Therefore, it is possible to improve the riding comfort for high frequency input by reducing the vibration damping property and vibration transmission on the spring.
- the damping force phase can be adjusted to the piston velocity phase in the vicinity of the unspring resonance frequency.
- the unsprung vibration can be appropriately suppressed by the damping force of the shock absorber 1, the unsprung fluttering can be suppressed, and the riding comfort can be improved (improvement of the feeling of bullishness).
- the phase correction communication passage 15 is provided in the reservoir chamber A.
- the phase correction communication passage 15 that generates the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid includes a spiral pipeline 15C that orbits the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 3 that serves as a cylinder. Then, the spiral conduit 15C is arranged at the liquid level position (oil level position) of the reservoir chamber A. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the jumping of the oil level (oil level) when the shock absorber 1 operates at high speed.
- the spiral conduit 15C plays a role of a baffle structure that suppresses the jumping of the oil level with respect to the fluctuation of the oil level when the shock absorber 1 strokes, and the generation of aeration can be suppressed.
- a baffle structure that suppresses the jumping of the oil level with respect to the fluctuation of the oil level when the shock absorber 1 strokes, and the generation of aeration can be suppressed.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 show a second embodiment.
- the feature of the second embodiment is that a phase correction device (phase correction unit) is provided on the rod guide.
- a phase correction device phase correction unit
- the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the shock absorber 21 of the second embodiment is a flow path forming the outer cylinder 2, the inner cylinder 3, the intermediate cylinder 22, the piston 4, the piston rod 9, the rod guide 23, and the phase correction communication passage 28. It is configured to include the forming member 25.
- An oil hole 3A is formed in the radial direction on one end side (lower end side) of the inner cylinder 3 in the length direction (axial direction) so that the bottom side oil chamber B always communicates with the annular oil chamber D.
- An intermediate cylinder 22 is arranged between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3.
- One end side (lower end side) of the intermediate cylinder 22 in the axial direction is fitted and fixed to the valve body 11 of the bottom valve 10, and the other end side (upper end side) in the axial direction is attached to the outer cylinder portion 23A of the rod guide 23. It is fitted and fixed.
- the intermediate cylinder 22 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 3 over the entire circumference and is arranged so as to extend in the axial direction.
- the intermediate cylinder 22 forms an annular oil chamber D extending in the axial direction with the inner cylinder 3.
- the annular oil chamber D is an oil chamber independent of the reservoir chamber A.
- the annular oil chamber D is formed in the inner cylinder 3 and is always in communication with the bottom side oil chamber B by a radial oil hole 3A.
- the annular oil chamber D, together with the phase correction communication passage 28, constitutes a second communication passage.
- the second communication passage is provided in parallel with the piston valve (compression side valve 5, extension side valve 6). That is, the second communication passage is provided in the inner cylinder 3 (more specifically, the inner cylinder 3 and the rod guide 23) which is a cylinder side member, and connects the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C. Communicate.
- the rod guide 23 positions the upper portion of the inner cylinder 3 at the center of the outer cylinder 2 and guides the piston rod 9 so as to be slidable in the axial direction on the inner peripheral side thereof.
- the rod guide 23 is provided in the opening of the inner cylinder 3 which is a cylinder, and guides the piston rod 9.
- the rod guide 23 constitutes a cylinder side member together with the inner cylinder 3. That is, the cylinder side member has an inner cylinder 3 and a rod guide 23.
- the rod guide 23 includes an outer cylinder portion 23A to which the intermediate cylinder 22 is attached, and an inner cylinder portion 23B to which the inner cylinder 3 and the flow path forming member 25 are attached via the cover 24.
- the rod guide 23 is formed with a communication groove 23C extending from the inner cylinder portion 23B to the outer cylinder portion 23A.
- the communication groove 23C is a connection passage that connects the phase correction communication passage 28 formed by the flow path forming member 25 and the annular oil chamber D.
- the flow path forming member 25 forms a phase correction continuous passage 28.
- the flow path forming member 25 is attached to the rod guide 23 via the cover 24.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 is provided in the rod guide 23.
- the flow path forming member 25 forms a spiral phase correction communication path 28 by laminating two discs 26 and 27. That is, the flow path forming member 25 has an introduction disk 26 and a passage disk 27 that are laminated to form a phase correction communication passage 28.
- the flow path forming member 25, that is, the introduction disc 26 and the passage disc 27 are attached to the rod guide 23 in a state of being housed in the cover 24 which is a storage member.
- the cover 24 is formed by, for example, press molding, and is formed on a cylindrical tubular portion 24A, a bottom portion 24B that closes one end side (lower end side) of the tubular portion 24A, and the other end side (upper end side) of the tubular portion 24A. It is provided with a flange portion 24C that is provided and projects on the outer diameter side over the entire circumference.
- the bottom portion 24B is provided with a central hole 24B1 through which the piston rod 9 is inserted.
- the tubular portion 24A is fitted to the inner tubular portion 23B of the rod guide 23 with the introduction disc 26 and the passage disc 27 sandwiched between the bottom portion 24B and the rod guide 23.
- a positioning convex portion 24A1 that engages with the positioning recesses 26D and 27D of the introduction disc 26 and the passage disc 27 is provided inside the tubular portion 24A.
- the flange portion 24C is sandwiched between the opening edge on the other end side (upper end side) of the inner cylinder 3 and the rod guide 23.
- the introduction disk 26 has a central hole 26A provided in the central portion through which the piston rod 9 is inserted, a slit-shaped through groove 26B extending radially from the center hole 26A, and a closing portion 26C that closes the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27. And have.
- the passage disk 27 has a slit-shaped through groove 27A extending in a circumferential direction from a position corresponding to the end of the through groove 26B of the introduction disk 26 (that is, the end opposite to the center hole 26A).
- the passage disc 27 is provided with a central hole 27E through which the piston rod 9 is inserted in the central portion.
- the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 is formed in a spiral shape that gradually expands or contracts in diameter while extending in the circumferential direction. That is, the through groove 27A is formed in a spiral shape extending around the same plane.
- the through groove 27A makes two rounds from the inner diameter side end 27B located on the innermost side of the passage disk 27 to the outer diameter side end 27C located on the outermost side in the radial direction. That is, it extends in the circumferential direction (clockwise direction) of 720 °.
- the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 extends in the circumferential direction to a position where the start point exceeds the end point (that is, extends beyond 360 °).
- the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 is axially closed by the closing portion 26C of the introduction disk 26 and the bottom portion 24B of the cover 24.
- the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 forms a phase correction communication passage 28 that serves as a throttle passage (orifice portion).
- the central hole 26A and the through groove 26B of the introduction disc 26 allow the oil liquid (hydraulic oil) of the rod side oil chamber C to flow to the upstream side (1) of the through groove 27A of the passage disc 27. It is an introduction passage leading to the inner diameter side end portion 27B which is the side).
- the closed portion 26C of the introduction disk 26 is outside where the oil liquid supplied to the inner diameter side end portion 27B of the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 is on the downstream side of the through groove 27A (the other side at a position different from one side).
- the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 is closed so as to circulate to the radial end portion 27C in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom 24B of the cover 24 also penetrates the passage disc 27 so that the oil liquid supplied to the inner diameter side end 27B of the through groove 27A of the passage disc 27 circulates in the circumferential direction to the outer diameter side end 27C of the through groove 27A. It is blocking the groove 27A. That is, the closing portion 26C of the introduction disk 26 and the bottom portion 24B of the cover 24 block the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27 from both sides in the penetration direction (vertical direction). As a result, the oil liquid in the through groove 27A can flow in the through groove 27A in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction as the piston 4 moves.
- the outer peripheral surface of the introduction disc 26 and the outer peripheral surface of the passage disc 27 are provided with positioning recesses 26D and 27D recessed inward in the radial direction from other portions.
- the positioning recess 26D of the introduction disk 26 is provided, for example, at a position (a position where the phases in the circumferential direction match) corresponding to the through groove 26B extending in the radial direction.
- the positioning recess 26D of the introduction disk 26 extends toward the inner diameter side of the positioning recess 24D of the passage disk 27. In this case, the positioning recess 26D of the introduction disc 26 extends to a position corresponding to the outer diameter side end portion 27C of the through groove 27A of the passage disc 27.
- the positioning recess 26D of the introduction disc 26 communicates the outer diameter side end portion 27C of the through groove 27A of the passage disc 27 with the communication groove 23C of the rod guide 23.
- the positioning recess 27D of the passage disk 27 is provided, for example, at a position (a position where the phases in the circumferential direction match) corresponding to the end portion (inner diameter side end portion 27B, outer diameter side end portion 27C) of the through groove 27A. ..
- the positioning recesses 26D and 27D engage with the positioning protrusions 24A1 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 24A of the cover 24.
- the oil liquid from the rod side oil chamber C penetrates into the center hole 24B1 of the cover 24, the center hole 27E of the passage disk 27, the center hole 26A of the introduction disk 26, and the introduction disk 26. Passing through the groove 26B, the inner diameter side end 27B of the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27, the spiral through groove 27A, the outer diameter side end 27C of the through groove 27A, the positioning recess 26D of the introduction disk 26, and the rod guide. It flows into the bottom side oil chamber B through the annular oil chamber D and the oil hole 3A of the inner cylinder 3 in the communication groove 23C of the 23.
- the oil liquid from the bottom side oil chamber B is discharged from the oil hole 3A of the inner cylinder 3, the annular oil chamber D, the communication groove 23C of the rod guide 23, and the introduction disk 26. Passing through the positioning recess 26D, the outer diameter side end 27C of the through groove 27A of the passage disk 27, and the spiral through groove 27A, the inner diameter side end 27B of the through groove 27A, and the introduction in the through groove 26B of the introduction disk 26. It flows into the rod side oil chamber C through the center hole 26A of the disk 26, the center hole 27E of the passage disk 27, and the center hole 24B1 of the cover 24.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 is formed by the flow path forming member 25 (more specifically, the spiral through groove 27A of the passage disk 27).
- the phase correction communication passage 28 is provided between the bottom side oil chamber B serving as one side chamber and the rod side oil chamber C serving as the other side chamber.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 is a communication passage (second passage) in which the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) is generated by the movement of the piston 4.
- a second attenuation mechanism is provided in the phase correction communication passage 28.
- the second damping mechanism is configured as a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid of the phase correction passage 28.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 has a spiral through groove 27A that swirls continuously (multiple turns) while changing the distance from the center on the same plane, so that the damping force is generated as an orifice.
- It is configured as a damping mechanism that generates a force (axial force) that advances the phase of the damping force.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 as described above is provided in the rod guide 23, and the basic operation thereof is not particularly different from that in the first embodiment described above.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 is provided in the rod guide 23.
- the phase correction communication passage 28 that generates the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid is configured by stacking the disks 26 and 27. Therefore, the length of the phase correction communication passage 28 can be adjusted by the number of discs 26 and 27. Thereby, the inertial force of the working fluid in the phase correction passage 28 can be easily adjusted, that is, the inertial force can be easily adjusted to the desired damping force characteristic.
- the conventional dampers that is, the shock absorbers 1 and 21 having no frequency sensitive portion for adjusting the damping force according to the excitation frequency
- the shock absorber 31 may be configured to include a frequency sensitive unit 32 that adjusts the damping force according to the excitation frequency.
- the frequency-sensitive portion has a great effect of reducing the damping force (peak value) of the high-frequency amplitude, but the higher the frequency, the larger the phase lag tends to be. That is, since the frequency-sensitive portion has a movable portion such as a free valve and a free piston, the phase lag tends to be larger than that of a conventional damper not provided with the frequency-sensitive portion.
- FIG. 15 shows the relationship (Lissajous waveform) between the stroke (displacement) and the damping force of the frequency-sensitive shock absorber according to the comparative example.
- the frequency-sensitive shock absorber according to the comparative example does not include the phase-corrected communication passages 15 and 28 as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
- FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the innermost characteristic line in FIG. That is, the characteristic line of FIG. 16 shows the characteristic (Lissajous waveform) of the high frequency micro-amplitude (frequency 31.8 Hz, amplitude ⁇ 0.05 mm). Then, FIG.
- the frequency-sensitive shock absorber according to the comparative example not provided with the phase correction passages 15 and 28 tends to have a large phase lag at high frequencies. That is, in the frequency-sensitive shock absorber, the phase lag becomes larger as the frequency becomes higher, so that it is preferable to improve the phase lag in order to further make the frequency-sensitive effect more effective.
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 is provided on the piston rods 9 of the shock absorbers 1 and 21 provided with the phase correction communication passages 15 and 28 as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the shock absorber 31 of the modified example includes, for example, an outer cylinder (not shown), an inner cylinder 3, a piston 4, a piston rod 9, and phase correction of the first embodiment. It includes a communication passage 15 (FIG. 1) or a phase correction communication passage 28 (FIG. 11) of the second embodiment, and a frequency sensitive unit 32.
- the frequency sensitive unit 32 is, for example, the same as the damping force generation mechanism described in International Publication No. 2017/047661.
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 is provided on the piston rod 9.
- the frequency sensitive unit 32 has a free valve 33 that is a moving member that can be moved by the hydraulic oil (hydraulic fluid) in the bottom side oil chamber B and the rod side oil chamber C. That is, the frequency sensitive portion 32 includes a back pressure chamber 34 that acts on the extension side valve 6 of the piston 4, a free valve 33 that acts on the pressure in the back pressure chamber 34, and a case 37.
- the free valve 33 has a disc valve 35 and an elastic sealing member 36 as a spring member for urging the disc valve 35.
- the inside of the case 37 is divided into a frequency-sensitive damper upper chamber E1 and a damper lower chamber E2 by a free valve 33.
- a concave groove 38 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 9A of the piston rod 9 so as to extend in the axial direction.
- the concave groove 38 communicates with the oil passage 4B of the piston 4 via the passage 39.
- the concave groove 38 communicates with the back pressure chamber 34 of the extension side valve 6 via an orifice 40.
- the concave groove 38 communicates with the damper upper chamber E1 of the free valve 33 via an oil guide passage 41.
- the damper upper chamber E1 communicates with the back pressure chamber 34 via the oil guide passage 41, the concave groove 38, and the orifice 40.
- the back pressure chamber 34 communicates with the oil passage 4B (that is, the rod side oil chamber C) of the piston 4 via the orifice 40, the concave groove 38, and the passage 39.
- the volume in the damper upper chamber E1 is expanded or contracted by the displacement (including elastic deformation) of the free valve 33 (disc valve 35 and elastic seal member 36).
- the volume in the damper upper chamber E1 is expanded due to the displacement (including elastic deformation) of the disc valve 35 of the free valve 33 and the elastic seal member 36.
- the pressure oil in the back pressure chamber 34 circulates toward the damper upper chamber E1. Therefore, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 34 is lowered by the displacement of the free valve 33, and the valve opening set pressure of the extension side valve 6 is lowered accordingly.
- the extension side valve 6 is switched from a hard state to a soft state in the characteristic of the generated damping force before and after the cutoff frequency fc.
- the free valve 33 operates as a frequency-sensitive valve that adjusts the internal pressure of the damper upper chamber E1 (that is, the back pressure chamber 34) according to the vibration frequency of the piston rod 9 and / or the inner cylinder 3.
- the vibration frequency of the piston rod 9 and / or the inner cylinder 3 of the extension side valve 6 is lower than the cutoff frequency fc
- the pressure in the back pressure chamber 34 can be reduced by the free valve 33.
- the valve opening set pressure is maintained at a relatively high pressure.
- the pressure inside the back pressure chamber 34 is lowered by the free valve 33, and the valve opening set pressure of the extension valve 6 is lowered. Switch to a soft state. Since the configuration of the frequency sensitive unit 32 is described in International Publication No. 2017/047661, further detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 as described above is provided on the piston rods 9 of the shock absorbers 1 and 21 provided with the phase correction communication passages 15 and 28 of the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
- the basic operation there is no particular difference from that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above.
- the frequency sensitive unit 32 since the frequency sensitive unit 32 is provided, the damping force can be reduced by the frequency sensitive unit 32 at the time of high frequency vibration.
- the frequency-sensitive shock absorber has a large effect of reducing the damping force (peak value) of the high-frequency fine amplitude, but the phase lag tends to increase as the high-frequency fine amplitude increases. That is, by providing the frequency sensitive unit 32 which is a movable unit, the phase lag tends to increase.
- the effect of frequency sensitivity can be improved. That is, the phase delay of high frequency can be improved, the vibration transmission of high frequency input can be further reduced, and the riding comfort can be further improved.
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 is provided on the piston rod 9.
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 includes a back pressure chamber 34 acting on the extension side valve 6 of the piston 4, a free valve 33 (disc valve 35) acting on the pressure in the back pressure chamber 34, and a free valve 33 (disc). It includes a spring member (elastic seal member 36) that urges the valve 35). Therefore, the frequency sensitive unit 32 can adjust the pressure of the back pressure chamber 34 acting on the extension valve 6 according to the frequency. Then, the phase delay of the frequency sensitive portion 32, which is a movable portion provided on the piston rod 9, can be suppressed by the phase correction passages 15 and 28.
- the frequency sensitive unit 32 is configured to include the free valve 33 as a moving member
- the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the frequency sensitive portion has a configuration having a free piston as a moving member that can be moved by the working fluid of the bottom side oil chamber (one side chamber) and / or the rod side oil chamber (other side chamber). May be good.
- the frequency sensitive portion can be provided, for example, on the lower end side of the piston rod.
- the frequency-sensitive part includes a case that displaces the inside of the inner cylinder integrally with the piston rod, a free piston that is provided inside the case and can move (relatively displaceable) in the case, and a spring member that urges the free piston.
- a case that displaces the inside of the inner cylinder integrally with the piston rod
- a free piston that is provided inside the case and can move (relatively displaceable) in the case
- a spring member that urges the free piston.
- it can be configured by an O-ring).
- the frequency sensitive portion 32 is configured to act on the back pressure chamber 34 of the extension side valve 6 which is the second valve of the piston 4
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the frequency sensitive portion may be configured to act on the back pressure chamber of the compression side valve 5, which is the first valve of the piston, for example.
- the frequency sensitive portion may be configured to act on both the back pressure chamber of the first valve and the back pressure chamber of the second valve. That is, the frequency sensitive portion may be configured to act on the back pressure chamber of the first valve and / or the back pressure chamber of the second valve.
- the moving members (free valves, free pistons) of the frequency sensitive section can be made movable by the working fluids of the one-side chamber and / or the other side chamber.
- the conventional dampers that is, the shock absorbers 1 and 21 not provided with the damping force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the damping force by the actuator have been described as an example.
- the shock absorber may be configured to include, for example, a damping force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the damping force by an actuator. That is, the shock absorber is a damping force adjusting mechanism (for example,) that adjusts the damping force by the phase correction communication passages 15 and 28 as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment and an electric actuator such as a stepping motor or a solenoid. It may be configured to include a damping force adjusting valve).
- the damping force can be variably adjusted by the damping force adjusting mechanism. Moreover, even if the damping force adjusting mechanism does not control to compensate for the response delay, the phase correction passages 15 and 28 can suppress the phase delay caused by the damping force adjusting mechanism that is a movable portion. Therefore, the ride quality can be further improved.
- FIGS. 18 to 22 show a third embodiment.
- the feature of the third embodiment is that the damping force adjusting valve is provided in the shock absorber, and the frequency sensitive section and the phase correction section (phase correction device) are provided in the damping force adjusting valve.
- the same components as those of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the modified examples described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the shock absorber 51 is configured as a uniflow type damping force adjustment type hydraulic shock absorber whose damping force can be adjusted according to a control command from a controller (not shown). That is, the shock absorber 51 includes an outer cylinder 52, an inner cylinder 54, a piston 4, a piston rod 9, a rod guide 7, an intermediate cylinder 61, a bottom valve 10, and a damping force adjusting device 65. There is. The damping force of the shock absorber 51 is variably adjusted by the damping force adjusting device 65 in response to a control command from the controller.
- the outer cylinder 52 is formed in a bottomed cylinder shape and constitutes the outer shell of the shock absorber 51.
- the outer cylinder 52 has a crimped portion 52A in which the lower end side, which is one end side, is closed by welding the bottom cap 53, and the upper end side, which is the other end side, is bent inward in the radial direction.
- a rod guide 7 and a rod seal 8 are provided between the caulking portion 52A and the inner cylinder 54.
- an opening 52B is formed concentrically with the connection port 61A of the intermediate cylinder 61.
- a damping force adjusting device 65 is attached to the lower side of the outer cylinder 52 so as to face the opening 52B.
- the bottom cap 53 is provided with a mounting eye 53A that is mounted on the wheel side of the vehicle, for example.
- an inner cylinder 54 is provided coaxially with the outer cylinder 52.
- the lower end side of the inner cylinder 54 is fitted and attached to the bottom valve 10.
- the upper end side of the inner cylinder 54 is fitted and attached to the rod guide 7.
- An oil liquid as a working fluid (working fluid) is sealed in the inner cylinder 54 (and the outer cylinder 52) as a cylinder.
- the working liquid is not limited to oil liquid and oil, and for example, water or the like mixed with additives may be used.
- the inner cylinder 54 forms (defines) an annular reservoir chamber A with the outer cylinder 52. That is, the reservoir chamber A is provided between the inner cylinder 54 and the outer cylinder 52. A gas is sealed in the reservoir chamber A together with an oil liquid which is a working liquid.
- the gas may be, for example, air in an atmospheric pressure state, or a gas such as compressed nitrogen gas may be used.
- the reservoir chamber A compensates for the entry and exit of the piston rod 9.
- An oil hole 54A that allows the rod-side oil chamber C to always communicate with the annular oil chamber F is bored in the radial direction at an intermediate position in the length direction (axial direction) of the inner cylinder 54.
- the piston 4 is slidably fitted in the inner cylinder 54. That is, the piston 4 is slidably provided in the inner cylinder 54.
- the piston 4 divides (defines, separates) the inside of the inner cylinder 54 into two chambers (that is, a bottom oil chamber B serving as one side chamber and a rod side oil chamber C serving as the other side chamber).
- the piston 4 is connected to the piston rod 9.
- a plurality of oil passages 4A and 4B that enable communication between the rod-side oil chamber C and the bottom-side oil chamber B are formed in the piston 4 so as to be separated from each other in the circumferential direction.
- a disc valve 55 on the extension side is provided on the lower end surface of the piston 4.
- the disc valve 55 on the extension side opens when the pressure in the oil chamber C on the rod side exceeds the relief set pressure when the piston 4 slides and displaces upward in the extension stroke (extension stroke) of the piston rod 9.
- the pressure at this time is relieved to the bottom side oil chamber B side via each oil passage 4B.
- the relief set pressure is set to a pressure higher than the valve opening pressure when the damping force adjusting device 65 is set to hard, for example.
- a check valve 56 on the contraction side is provided on the upper end surface of the piston 4 to open the valve when the piston 4 slides and displaces downward in the contraction stroke (shrinkage stroke) of the piston rod 9, and closes the valve at other times.
- the check valve 56 allows the oil liquid in the bottom side oil chamber B to flow in each oil passage 4A toward the rod side oil chamber C, and prevents the oil liquid from flowing in the opposite direction. ..
- the valve opening pressure of the check valve 56 is set to a pressure lower than the valve opening pressure when the damping force adjusting device 65 is softly set, for example, and substantially no damping force is generated. The fact that this substantially no damping force is generated is, for example, a force equal to or less than the friction of the piston 4 and the rod seal 8, and does not affect the movement of the vehicle.
- the piston rod 9 as a rod extends in the inner cylinder 54 in the axial direction.
- the lower end side of the piston rod 9 is inserted into the inner cylinder 54.
- the piston rod 9 is provided so as to be fixed to the piston 4 by a nut 57 or the like.
- the upper end side of the piston rod 9 projects to the outside of the outer cylinder 52 and the inner cylinder 54 via the rod guide 7. That is, the piston rod 9 is connected to the piston 4 and extends to the outside of the inner cylinder 54.
- a stepped cylindrical rod guide 7 is provided on the upper end side of the inner cylinder 54.
- the rod guide 7 positions the upper portion of the inner cylinder 54 at the center of the outer cylinder 52, and guides the piston rod 9 so as to be slidable in the axial direction on the inner peripheral side thereof.
- An annular rod seal 8 is provided between the rod guide 7 and the crimped portion 52A of the outer cylinder 52.
- the rod seal 8 is formed by, for example, baking an elastic material such as rubber on a metal ring plate provided with a hole through which the piston rod 9 is inserted in the center. The rod seal 8 seals between the elastic material and the piston rod 9 by sliding the inner circumference of the elastic material on the outer peripheral side of the piston rod 9.
- the rod seal 8 is formed with a lip seal 58 as a check valve extending so as to come into contact with the rod guide 7 on the lower surface side.
- the lip seal 58 is arranged between the oil reservoir 59 and the reservoir chamber A. The lip seal 58 allows the oil liquid or the like in the oil reservoir 59 to flow toward the reservoir chamber A side through the return passage 60 of the rod guide 7 and blocks the reverse flow.
- An intermediate cylinder 61 serving as a separator tube is arranged between the outer cylinder 52 and the inner cylinder 54.
- the intermediate cylinder 61 is attached to, for example, the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 54 via upper and lower tubular seals 62 and 62.
- the intermediate cylinder 61 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 54 over the entire circumference and is arranged so as to extend in the axial direction.
- the intermediate cylinder 61 forms an annular oil chamber F extending in the axial direction with the inner cylinder 54.
- the annular oil chamber F is an oil chamber independent of the reservoir chamber A.
- the annular oil chamber F is always in communication with the rod side oil chamber C by a radial oil hole 54A formed in the inner cylinder 54.
- a connection port 61A to which the tubular holder 68 of the damping force adjusting valve 66 is attached is provided on the lower end side of the intermediate cylinder 61.
- the bottom valve 10 is located on the lower end side of the inner cylinder 54 and is provided between the bottom cap 53 and the inner cylinder 54.
- the bottom valve 10 is provided on the valve body 11 that partitions (defines, separates) the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B between the bottom cap 53 and the inner cylinder 54, and on the lower surface side of the valve body 11. It is composed of a disc valve 63 on the reduction side and a check valve 13 on the extension side provided on the upper surface side of the valve body 11.
- Oil passages 11A and 11B that enable communication between the reservoir chamber A and the bottom side oil chamber B are formed in the valve body 11 at intervals in the circumferential direction, respectively.
- the disc valve 63 on the reduction side opens when the pressure in the oil chamber B on the bottom side exceeds the relief set pressure when the piston 4 slides and displaces downward in the reduction stroke of the piston rod 9, and the pressure at this time.
- the oil (pressure) is relieved to the reservoir chamber A side via each oil passage 11A.
- the relief set pressure is set to a pressure higher than the valve opening pressure when the damping force adjusting device 65 is set to hard, for example.
- the check valve 13 on the extension side opens when the piston 4 slides and displaces upward in the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, and closes at other times.
- the check valve 13 allows the oil liquid in the reservoir chamber A to flow in each oil passage 11B toward the bottom oil chamber B, and prevents the oil liquid from flowing in the opposite direction.
- the valve opening pressure of the check valve 13 is set to a pressure lower than the valve opening pressure when the damping force adjusting device 65 is softly set, for example, and substantially no damping force is generated.
- FIG. 20 the reference numerals are given with the right side of FIGS. 18 and 19 facing upward. That is, the horizontal directions of FIGS. 18 and 19 correspond to the vertical directions of FIG. 20.
- the damping force adjusting device 65 is arranged so that the base end side (left end side in FIG. 18) is interposed between the reservoir chamber A and the annular oil chamber F, and the tip end side (right end in FIG. 18). The side) is provided so as to project outward in the radial direction from the lower side of the outer cylinder 52.
- the damping force adjusting device 65 controls the flow of the pressure oil (oil liquid) flowing from the annular oil chamber F in the intermediate cylinder 61 to the reservoir chamber A by the damping force adjusting valve 66, and the damping force generated at this time is variable. Adjust to.
- the generated damping force is variably controlled by adjusting the valve opening pressure of the set pressure variable valve 70, which will be described later, with the damping force variable actuator (solenoid 75).
- the damping force adjusting device 65 controls the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) generated by the sliding of the piston 4 in the inner cylinder 54 to generate a damping force.
- the damping force adjusting valve 66 as the damping force adjusting mechanism is a valve case 67 provided so that the base end side is fixed around the opening 52B of the outer cylinder 52 and the tip end side protrudes outward in the radial direction from the outer cylinder 52.
- the base end side is fixed to the connection port 61A of the intermediate cylinder 61, and the tip side becomes an annular flange portion 68A, which is arranged in the tubular holder 68 and the valve case 67 arranged inside the valve case 67 with a gap.
- Back pressure is applied to the set pressure variable valve 70 and the set pressure variable valve 70, which consist of a valve member 69 that abuts on the flange portion 68A of the tubular holder 68, and a main disc valve that is detached and seated on the annular valve seat 69A of the valve member 69.
- the pilot chamber 71 which is the back pressure chamber to act, and the pilot pressure (back pressure) in the pilot chamber 71 are set variably according to the energization (current value) to the solenoid 75, and the valve opening pressure of the set pressure variable valve 70 is set.
- the pilot valve member 72 to be adjusted and the pilot body 73 to which the pilot valve member 72 is taken off and seated are included.
- the set pressure variable valve 70 receives the pressure in the direction of being seated on the annular valve seat 69A of the valve member 69 (that is, the valve closing direction) by the pilot pressure (back pressure) from the pilot chamber 71. That is, the set pressure variable valve 70 receives the pressure on the inlet (annular oil chamber F) side of the tubular holder 68, and this pressure depends on the pilot pressure (back pressure) on the pilot chamber 71 side and the rigidity of the main disc valve. When the valve opening pressure is exceeded, the valve member 69 is separated from the annular valve seat 69A to open the valve.
- the valve opening pressure of the variable set pressure valve 70 is set variably by adjusting the pilot pressure (back pressure) in the pilot chamber 71 via the pilot valve member 72.
- the set pressure variable valve 70 is released (opened) from the annular valve seat 69A of the valve member 69, the pressure oil from the annular oil chamber F (intermediate cylinder 61) side passes through the first passage 74 in the valve member 69. It flows out to the outside of the set pressure variable valve 70, and flows from between the flange portion 68A of the tubular holder 68 and the valve case 67 to the reservoir chamber A side through the opening 52B of the outer cylinder 52.
- the set pressure variable valve 70 is provided in the first passage 74 and is a main valve that controls the flow of the working fluid to generate a damping force.
- the pilot chamber 71 is a back pressure chamber that applies pressure to the variable set pressure valve 70, which is the main valve, in the valve closing direction.
- the solenoid 75 as an actuator constitutes a damping force adjusting device 65 together with a damping force adjusting valve 66, and is used as a damping force variable actuator.
- the solenoid 75 has a cylindrical coil 76 that generates a magnetic force when energized from the outside, a stator core 77 arranged on the inner peripheral side of the coil 76, and an axial direction on the inner peripheral side of the stator core 77. It is configured to include a plunger 78 as a movable iron core provided so as to be movable to, an operating pin 79 integrally provided on the center side of the plunger 78, and a cover member 80 covering the outer periphery of the coil 76.
- the cover member 80 constitutes a yoke made of a magnetic material, and forms a magnetic circuit on the outer peripheral side of the coil 76.
- the actuating pin 79 extends through the plunger 78 in the axial direction (left-right direction in FIG. 19), and the pilot valve member 72 of the damping force adjusting valve 66 is fixed to the protruding end on the left side. That is, the operating pin 79 of the solenoid 75 is fitted inside the pilot valve member 72.
- the pilot valve member 72 is integrally displaced in the horizontal direction (left and right) with the plunger 78 and the actuating pin 79.
- a thrust in the axial direction proportional to the energization (current value) of the coil 76 is generated in the plunger 78 of the solenoid 75, and the pilot pressure (back pressure) in the pilot chamber 71 is caused by the displacement of the pilot valve member 72. It is set variably according to the thrust of. That is, the valve opening pressure of the set pressure variable valve 70, which opens the valve against the pressure in the pilot chamber 71, is adjusted by laterally displacing the pilot valve member 72 in response to the energization of the solenoid 75.
- valve opening pressure of the set pressure variable valve 70 is increased or decreased by controlling the current value of energizing the coil 76 of the solenoid 75 by the controller and displacing the pilot valve member 72 in the axial direction. Therefore, the generated damping force of the shock absorber 51 can be variably adjusted according to the valve opening pressure of the set pressure variable valve 70 proportional to the energization (current value) of the solenoid 75.
- a frequency sensitive unit 81 is incorporated in the pilot body 73 of the damping force adjusting valve 66. That is, in the third embodiment, the frequency sensitive portion 81 is provided integrally with the damping force adjusting valve 66. The frequency sensitive unit 81 acts on the pilot chamber 71, which is the back pressure chamber of the damping force adjusting valve 66 (set pressure variable valve 70).
- the pilot pin 82 is sandwiched between the pilot body 73 and the valve member 69.
- the pilot pin 82 sandwiches the set pressure variable valve 70 with the valve member 69.
- the pilot body 73 includes a valve seat portion 73A on which the pilot valve member 72 takes off and seats, an annular plate portion 73B that bends from the valve seat portion 73A toward the pilot valve member 72 side and expands toward the outer diameter side, and an annular plate portion 73B. It is provided with a cylindrical portion 73C extending in the axial direction from the outer diameter side of the valve toward the variable set pressure valve 70 side.
- a free valve 83 that reduces the damping force against high-frequency vibration is sandwiched between the pilot pin 82 and the pilot body 73.
- the free valve 83 includes, for example, a plurality of (for example, three) discs 84, a retainer 85 located on the outer diameter side of the discs 84 and provided on the opposite side of the pilot chamber 71, and the retainer 85 and the pilot body 73. It is provided with an O-ring 86 that seals between the cylindrical portion 73C and the inner peripheral surface and presses the disc 84 toward the pilot chamber 71 side via the retainer 85.
- the disk 84 is movably provided with respect to the pilot body 73 (cylindrical portion 73C) forming the pilot chamber 71.
- the disk 84 divides the inside of the cylindrical portion 73C of the pilot body 73 into a pilot chamber 71 and a variable chamber 87.
- the disk 84 changes the volume of the pilot chamber 71.
- the disk 84 is provided with a communication orifice 89 that connects the oil passage 88 in the pilot pin 82 and the pilot chamber 71.
- the O-ring 86 is provided on the opposite side of the disk 84 from the pilot chamber 71.
- the O-ring 86 seals between the outer peripheral side of the disc 84 and the inner peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 73C of the pilot body 73.
- the O-ring 86 functions as a spring member for urging the disc 84 and seals the pilot chamber 71 by applying surface pressure to the inner circumference of the cylindrical portion 73C of the pilot body 73 and the outer circumference of the retainer 85. It has a function as a sealing member.
- the free valve 83 is relatively displaced so as to move or stop in the cylindrical portion 73C of the pilot body 73 according to the vibration frequency of the piston rod 9 and / or the inner cylinder 54.
- the free valve 83 operates as a frequency-sensitive valve that adjusts the internal pressure of the pilot chamber 71 according to the frequency.
- the disk 84 bends due to the pressure acting on the pilot chamber 71 through the communication orifice 89, and the volume of the pilot chamber 71 increases. As a result, the pressure in the pilot chamber 71 is lowered, the set pressure variable valve 70 is easily opened, and the damping force can be suppressed to a low level.
- the disk 84 bends and the O-ring 86 is compressed. As a result, the force acting on the disc 84 increases, and the disc 84 becomes less likely to bend, so that the pressure drop in the pilot chamber 71 stops. As a result, the variable set pressure valve 70 is difficult to open, and the damping force maintains a high characteristic.
- the free valve 83 which is a frequency-sensitive valve, can reduce the damping force with respect to the high-frequency input and improve the vibration transmission characteristics.
- the free valve 83 which is a frequency-sensitive valve, is delayed in the decrease in damping force at high frequencies (phase delay) because the volume of the pilot chamber 71 is changed by the disk 84, the retainer 85, and the O-ring 86, which are movable parts. ) Tends to occur. As a result, the effect of reducing the damping force on the reduction of vibration transmission may be reduced.
- the flow path forming member 91 for forming the phase correction communication passage 90 is provided, and the delay is corrected (phase correction) by the oil inertial force in the phase correction communication passage 90. That is, in the third embodiment, the delay (phase delay) at the time of high frequency input is improved by combining the free valve 83, which is a frequency sensitive valve, and the phase correction communication passage 90. As a result, the effect of reducing the damping force due to frequency sensitivity can be sufficiently obtained as the effect of reducing the transmission of vibration.
- the shock absorber 51 is a cylinder-side member having an inner cylinder 54, a piston-side member having a piston 4 and a piston rod 9, and a damping force adjusting valve whose opening / closing operation is adjusted by a solenoid 75. It includes 66 and a frequency-sensitive portion 81 having a free valve 83 as a moving member that can be moved by the working fluid of the rod-side oil chamber C that serves as the other side chamber. Then, in the third embodiment, the damping force adjusting valve 66 is provided with the frequency sensitive portion 81 and the phase correction communication passage 90.
- a flow path forming member 91 for forming the phase correction communication passage 90 is assembled to the valve member 69 of the damping force adjusting valve 66.
- the flow path forming member 91 is provided between the rod-side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A, which are other concubines. That is, the flow path forming member 91 is provided in the oil passage 92 that connects the rod-side oil chamber C and the reservoir chamber A.
- the oil passage 92 includes "an oil passage 93 in a tubular holder 68 connected to an annular oil chamber F (rod side oil chamber C) (see FIG. 19)" and an oil passage 94 in a valve case 67 connected to a reservoir chamber A (see FIG. 19). (See FIG. 19) ”.
- the oil passage 92 corresponds to a third communication passage that communicates the rod side oil chamber C (other side chamber) and the reservoir chamber A.
- the oil passage 92 is a flow path in which a flow of oil liquid (working fluid) is generated by the movement of the piston 4.
- the valve member 69 of the damping force adjusting valve 66 has a bottomed cylindrical tubular member 95 as a first member and a disk-shaped lid member 96 as a second member.
- the flow path forming member 91 is provided between the tubular member 95 and the lid member 96. That is, the valve member 69 (cylinder member 95 and lid member 96) corresponds to a storage member that houses the flow path forming member 91.
- the bottom portion 97 of the tubular member 95 is provided with a central hole 97A and an introduction groove 97B extending radially outward from the central hole 97A.
- the lid member 96 has a central hole 96A to which the pilot pin 82 is connected, an annular valve seat 69A to which the variable set pressure valve 70 is detached and seated, and an annular recess 96C forming an annular oil chamber 96B opened and closed by the variable set pressure valve 70. , And a through hole 96D that opens in the annular recess 96C is provided.
- the flow path forming member 91 forms a phase correction continuous passage 90 that becomes a spiral throttle passage (orifice portion) by laminating two discs 98 and 99. That is, the flow path forming member 91 has an introduction disk 98 and a passage disk 99 that are laminated to form a phase correction communication passage 90.
- the flow path forming member 91 that is, the introduction disk 98 and the passage disk 99 is sandwiched between the tubular member 95 and the lid member 96 of the valve member 69.
- the introduction disk 98 has a through groove 98A extending in the circumferential direction and a closing portion 98B that closes the opening side of the bottom groove 99A of the passage disk 99. That is, three through grooves 98A extending in the circumferential direction are formed on the outer diameter side of the introduction disk 98, and the portion separated from the through groove 98A is the closing portion 98B.
- the passage disk 99 has a spiral bottom groove 99A extending in the circumferential direction.
- the passage disk 99 is provided with a horizontal groove 99B serving as an introduction port at a position corresponding to the through groove 98A of the introduction disk 98.
- the passage disk 99 has a bottomed groove 99A that starts from the lateral groove 99B and extends radially inward from the lateral groove 99B while extending in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom groove 99A has three and a half turns from the outer diameter side end 99C located on the radial outer side of the passage disk 99 to the inner diameter side end 99D located on the innermost radial side. That is, it extends in the circumferential direction (clockwise direction) of 1260 °.
- a through hole 99E is provided at the inner diameter side end portion 99D, that is, at the center of the passage disk 99.
- the opening of the bottom groove 99A of the passage disk 99 is closed by the closing portion 98B of the introduction disk 98 to form a phase correction continuous passage 90 extending in a spiral shape.
- protrusions 99F having a length similar to the groove width of the through groove 98A of the introduction disk 98 are provided at a plurality of locations (three locations) separated at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- a radial gap is formed between the tubular member 95 and the passage disk 99, and the oil liquid that has passed through the through groove 98A of the introduction disk 98 is present through the lateral groove 99B of the passage disk 99. It is introduced into the bottom groove 99A.
- the oil liquid that has passed through the through groove 98A is also introduced into the annular oil chamber 96B.
- the cross section of the bottom groove 99A can be rectangular, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and although not shown, for example, a trapezoidal bottomed groove having a side surface inclined so that the groove width becomes smaller toward the bottom, and a U-shaped cross section having an arcuate bottom.
- Various bottomed grooves such as a bottomed groove and a bottomed groove having a semicircular cross section can be adopted.
- the flow path forming member 91 is configured by stacking the passage disk 99 and the introduction disk 98 in this order from the lid member 96 side of the valve member 69.
- phase correction communication passage 90 that serves as a flow path is provided.
- the turning circumference of the phase correction passage 90 in other words, the passage length of the phase correction passage 90 (the length of the bottom groove 99A) is appropriately adjusted so that the required damping force delay correction effect can be obtained. can do.
- the shape of the cross-sectional area of the bottomed groove 99A, the number of passage discs 99, and the like can be adjusted as necessary.
- the phase correction communication passage 90 is formed by the flow path forming member 91 (more specifically, the spiral bottom groove 99A of the passage disk 99).
- the phase correction communication passage 90 is provided in an oil passage 92 between a rod-side oil chamber C and a reservoir chamber A, which are other concubines. That is, the phase correction communication passage 90 is provided in the oil passage 92, which is a communication passage (third communication passage) in which the flow of the working fluid (oil liquid) is generated by the movement of the piston 4.
- a third damping mechanism is provided in the phase correction communication passage 90.
- the third damping mechanism is configured as a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid of the phase correction communication passage 90.
- the phase correction communication passage 90 has a spiral bottomed groove 99A that swirls continuously (multiple turns) while changing the distance from the center on the same plane, so that the damping force is generated as an orifice. Therefore, it is configured as a damping mechanism that generates a force (axial force) that advances the phase of the damping force.
- the shock absorber 51 according to the third embodiment has the above-described configuration, and its operation will be described next.
- the shock absorber 51 When the shock absorber 51 is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, for example, the upper end side of the piston rod 9 is attached to the vehicle body side, and the attachment eye 53A side provided on the bottom cap 53 is attached to the wheel side. Further, the solenoid 75 is connected to a controller of the vehicle or the like.
- the piston rod 9 When the vehicle is traveling, when vibrations in the upward and downward directions occur due to unevenness of the road surface or the like, the piston rod 9 is displaced so as to extend or contract from the outer cylinder 52, and a damping force is generated by the damping force adjusting device 65 or the like. It can buffer the vibration of the vehicle. At this time, the generated damping force of the shock absorber 51 can be variably adjusted by controlling the current value of the solenoid 75 to the coil 76 by the controller and adjusting the valve opening pressure of the pilot valve member 72.
- the check valve 56 on the contraction side of the piston 4 is closed by the movement of the piston 4 in the inner cylinder 54.
- the oil liquid in the oil chamber C on the rod side is pressurized, and the damping force is adjusted through the oil hole 54A of the inner cylinder 54, the annular oil chamber F, and the connection port 61A of the intermediate cylinder 61. It flows into the valve 66.
- the oil liquid corresponding to the movement of the piston 4 flows from the reservoir chamber A into the bottom oil chamber B by opening the check valve 13 on the extension side of the bottom valve 10.
- the pressure in the rod-side oil chamber C reaches the valve opening pressure of the disc valve 55, the disc valve 55 opens and the pressure in the rod-side oil chamber C is relieved to the bottom-side oil chamber B.
- the check valve 56 on the contraction side of the piston 4 opens due to the movement of the piston 4 in the inner cylinder 54, and the check valve 13 on the extension side of the bottom valve 10 closes.
- the oil liquid in the bottom side oil chamber B flows into the rod side oil chamber C.
- the oil liquid corresponding to the amount of the piston rod 9 infiltrated into the inner cylinder 54 flows into the damping force adjusting valve 66 from the rod side oil chamber C.
- the bottom valve 10 (disc valve 63) opens and the pressure in the bottom oil chamber B is applied to the reservoir chamber A. Relieve to.
- the valve opening pressure of the pilot valve member 72 is reduced, and a damping force on the soft side is generated.
- the valve opening pressure of the pilot valve member 72 increases, and a damping force on the hard side is generated.
- the internal pressure of the pilot chamber 71 communicating through the communication orifice 89 on the upstream side of the pilot valve member 72 changes depending on the valve opening pressure.
- the disc 84 bends due to the pressure acting on the pilot chamber 71 through the communication orifice 89 of the disc 84, and the volume of the pilot chamber 71 increases. As a result, the pressure in the pilot chamber 71 is lowered, the set pressure variable valve 70 is easily opened, and the damping force can be suppressed to a low level.
- the delay (phase delay) of the movable portion (disk 84) of the frequency sensitive portion 81 is corrected by the oil inertial force of the phase correction communication passage 90 formed by the flow path forming member 91.
- the flow path forming member 91 forming the phase correction communication path 90 as described above is built in the valve member 69 of the damping force adjusting valve 66, and the basic operation thereof is described in the above-mentioned first embodiment. There is no particular difference from the embodiment, the second embodiment and the modification of the above.
- the phase of the damping force can be advanced by the phase correction passage 90 which is the phase correction unit.
- the pressure of the acceleration phase due to the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid of the phase correction communication passage 90 can be applied to the working chamber with respect to the high frequency vibration.
- the damping force phase delayed with respect to the piston velocity phase can be advanced, the damping force in the vibration damping region with respect to the spring of the vehicle can be increased, and the damping force in the vibration damping region can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to improve the riding comfort for high frequency input by reducing the vibration damping property and vibration transmission on the spring of the vehicle. That is, the phase delay of the damping force at the time of high frequency input can be improved by the oil inertial force of the phase correction passage 90.
- FIG. 22 shows the relationship between the piston speed and the damping force.
- the solid line 100 shows the damping force characteristic of the damping force adjusting type shock absorber 51 provided with the phase correction device (phase correction communication passage 90).
- the broken line 101 shows the damping force characteristic of the damping force adjusting type shock absorber according to the comparative example (having a normal constant orifice) without the phase correction device (phase correction communication passage 90).
- the pilot orifice portion of the damping force adjusting mechanism (damping force adjusting valve) is configured by the phase correction communication passage 90 which is a spiral flow path.
- the equivalent orifice diameter of the pilot orifice gradually changes due to the characteristic difference shown in FIG. 10 described above. Therefore, as shown by the solid line 100 in FIG. 22, the change in damping force from the opening of the pilot valve member 72 (pilot valve) to the opening of the set pressure variable valve 70 (main valve) becomes smooth.
- the hard damping force characteristic can reduce chattering at the time of valve opening, which is a problem in pilot valve type control valves. Therefore, the sound vibration performance can be improved and the change of the damping force becomes smooth, so that the riding comfort can be improved by reducing the jerk.
- the damping force adjusting valve 66 since the damping force adjusting valve 66 whose opening / closing operation is adjusted by the solenoid 75 is provided, the damping force can be variably adjusted by the damping force adjusting valve 66. Further, since the frequency-sensitive unit 81 having the disk 84 movable by the working fluid is provided, the damping force can be reduced by the frequency-sensitive unit 81 at the time of high-frequency vibration. Moreover, even if the damping force adjusting valve 66 does not control to compensate for the response delay, the phase correction communication passage 90 can suppress the phase delay caused by the damping force adjusting valve 66 and the frequency sensitive portion 81, which are movable portions. .. Therefore, the ride quality can be further improved.
- the phase correction communication passage 90 which is a spiral flow path, is provided on the inner cylinder 54 side of the communication orifice 89, which is an introduction passage for introducing the working fluid into the pilot chamber 71 of the set pressure variable valve 70. Therefore, the delay (phase delay) of the damping force that occurs when the damping force is reduced due to the effect of the frequency sensitive unit 81 on the high frequency input can be corrected by the oil inertial force in the phase correction communication passage 90. That is, by providing the frequency sensitive unit 81, the damping force can be reduced with respect to the high frequency input, but if it is left as it is, the phase delay with respect to the velocity phase tends to increase.
- the phase correction communication passage 90 by combining the phase correction communication passage 90, the phase delay of the high frequency can be improved and the vibration transmission of the high frequency input can be further reduced. This makes it possible to improve the ride quality. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 22, the pressure fluctuation at the valve opening point of the damping force adjusting valve 66 (set pressure variable valve 70) can be reduced, and the sound vibration performance can be improved. Further, since the damping force adjusting valve 66 is provided with the frequency sensitive portion 81 and the phase correction communication passage 90, the phase correction communication passage 90 and the frequency sensitive unit 81 can be integrally handled together with the damping force adjusting valve 66.
- the passage disk 99 of the flow path forming member 91 forming the phase correction communication passage 90 has a bottomed groove 99A
- the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the bottomed groove of the passage disk may be used as a through groove. In this case, if necessary, a blocking disk for closing the through groove can be provided separately.
- variable set pressure valve 70 which is the main valve
- the variable set pressure valve 70 is provided in the first passage 74 in which the working fluid flows from the rod side oil chamber C (other side chamber) to the reservoir chamber A.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the main valve may be provided in the passage through which the working fluid flows from the bottom side oil chamber (one side chamber) to the reservoir chamber.
- the damping force adjusting valve 66 may not be provided with the frequency sensitive portion 81, and the piston rod 9 may be provided with the frequency sensitive portion 32 as shown in FIG. Further, the frequency sensitive part is omitted, and the damping force adjusting shock absorber is provided with a phase correction communication path (phase correction part) (that is, the damping force adjustment valve is provided with a phase correction communication path without providing a frequency sensitive part). May be. Further, the damping force adjusting valve may be omitted.
- the double-cylinder type shock absorber 1 including the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 has been described as an example.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it may be applied to a shock absorber made of a single cylinder type cylinder member (cylinder). This also applies to other embodiments and modifications.
- a shock absorber attached to an automobile has been described as a typical example of the shock absorber.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a shock absorber attached to a railway vehicle. Further, it can be applied not only to vehicles such as automobiles and railroad vehicles, but also to various shock absorbers used for various machines, structures, buildings and the like which are vibration sources.
- each embodiment and modification is an example, and partial replacement or combination of the configurations shown in different embodiments and modifications is possible.
- shock absorber based on the embodiment described above, for example, the one described below can be considered.
- the shock absorber is connected to a cylinder-side member having a cylinder in which a working fluid is sealed, a piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into one side chamber and another side chamber, and the outside of the cylinder.
- a piston-side member having a piston rod extending to, a first continuous passage provided in the piston-side member and communicating the one-side chamber and the other-side chamber, and the cylinder-side member provided in the one-side chamber and the other. It includes a second passage that communicates with the side chamber, and a first damping mechanism and a second damping mechanism that are provided in the first and second passages, respectively.
- the second damping mechanism is in the second passage. It is a phase correction unit that advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid.
- the phase of the damping force can be advanced by the second damping mechanism which is the phase correction unit.
- the second damping mechanism phase correction member
- the pressure of the acceleration phase due to the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid in the second passage is applied to one side chamber or the other side chamber which is the operating chamber (piston upper and lower chamber) of the cylinder. Can be made to.
- the damping force phase can be advanced with respect to the piston velocity phase, the damping force in the vibration damping region with respect to the spring of the vehicle can be increased, and the damping force in the vibration damping region can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to improve the riding comfort for high frequency input by reducing the vibration damping property and vibration transmission on the spring of the vehicle.
- the damping force phase can be adjusted to the piston velocity phase in the vicinity of the unspring resonance frequency. ..
- the unsprung vibration can be appropriately suppressed by the damping force of the shock absorber (damper), the unsprung fluttering can be suppressed, and the riding comfort can be improved (improvement of the feeling of bullishness).
- the cylinder side member has a rod guide provided in the opening of the cylinder to guide the piston rod, and the second damping mechanism is the rod guide. It is provided in.
- the second damping mechanism which is the phase correction unit
- disks are laminated in the second continuous passage for generating the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid.
- the length of the second passage can be adjusted according to the number of discs.
- an outer cylinder is formed on the outer peripheral side of the cylinder, and a reservoir that compensates for the entry and exit of the piston rod between the cylinder and the outer cylinder.
- a chamber is provided, and the second damping mechanism is provided in the reservoir chamber.
- a second continuous passage for generating the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid is provided, for example, on the outer peripheral side of the cylinder. It can be constructed by a spiral conduit that orbits the.
- this spiral conduit plays the role of a baffle structure that suppresses the jumping of the oil level against the fluctuation of the oil level when the shock absorber strokes, and the generation of aeration can be suppressed.
- the spiral conduit plays the role of a baffle structure that suppresses the jumping of the oil level against the fluctuation of the oil level when the shock absorber strokes, and the generation of aeration can be suppressed.
- a frequency sensitive portion having a moving member movable by the working fluid of the one concubine and / or the other concubine is further provided.
- the damping force can be reduced at the time of high frequency vibration by the frequency sensitive portion.
- the shock absorber provided with the frequency-sensitive portion has a great effect of reducing the damping force (peak value) of the high-frequency fine amplitude, but the phase lag tends to increase as the high-frequency fine amplitude increases. That is, by providing a frequency-sensitive portion that serves as a movable portion, the phase lag tends to increase.
- the second attenuation mechanism which is a phase correction unit, can suppress this phase lag, so that the effect of frequency sensitivity can be improved. That is, the phase delay of high frequency can be improved, the vibration transmission of high frequency input can be further reduced, and the riding comfort can be further improved.
- the frequency sensitive portion is provided on the piston rod.
- the phase delay of the frequency sensitive portion which is a movable portion provided on the piston rod, can be suppressed.
- a damping force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the damping force by an actuator is further provided.
- the damping force can be variably adjusted by the damping force adjusting mechanism.
- the second damping mechanism which is a phase correction unit, can suppress the phase delay caused by the damping force adjusting mechanism, which is a movable portion. Therefore, the ride quality can be further improved.
- the shock absorber is connected to a cylinder-side member having a cylinder in which a working fluid is sealed, a piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into one side chamber and another side chamber, and the outside of the cylinder.
- a piston-side member having a piston rod extending to, a reservoir chamber for compensating for entry and exit of the piston rod, a third passage connecting the one side chamber or the other side chamber and the reservoir chamber, and the third series.
- a third damping mechanism provided in the passage is provided, and the third damping mechanism advances the phase of the damping force by the inertial force of the working fluid in the third continuous passage in addition to the generation of the damping force as an orifice. It is a department.
- the phase of the damping force can be advanced by the third damping mechanism which is the phase correction unit.
- the third damping mechanism increases the length (passage length) of the third passage, for example, with respect to the cross-sectional area (for example, 30 ⁇ passage length l / cross-sectional area a ⁇ 1200 [1). / mm]) can be configured.
- the pressure of the acceleration phase due to the inertial force (oil inertial force) of the working fluid of the third passage can be applied to the working chamber with respect to the high frequency vibration.
- the damping force phase can be advanced with respect to the piston velocity phase, the damping force in the vibration damping region with respect to the spring of the vehicle can be increased, and the damping force in the vibration damping region can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to improve the riding comfort for high frequency input by reducing the vibration damping property and vibration transmission on the spring of the vehicle.
- a damping force adjusting valve whose opening / closing operation is adjusted by a solenoid is further provided, and the damping force adjusting valve is provided with the third damping mechanism.
- the damping force can be variably adjusted by the damping force adjusting valve.
- the damping force adjusting valve does not control to compensate for the response delay, the phase delay caused by the damping force adjusting valve that is the movable portion can be suppressed by the third damping mechanism that is the phase correction unit. Therefore, the ride quality can be further improved.
- the damping force adjusting valve is provided with the third damping mechanism, the third damping mechanism can be handled integrally with the damping force adjusting valve.
- the damping force adjusting valve is further provided with a frequency sensitive portion having a moving member that is movable by the working fluid of the one side chamber and / or the other side chamber, and the damping force adjusting valve is equipped with the ninth aspect.
- 3 Attenuation mechanism and the frequency sensitive portion are provided.
- the damping force can be reduced at the time of high frequency vibration by the frequency sensitive portion.
- the third damping mechanism which is a phase correction unit, can suppress the phase delay caused by the damping force adjusting valve and the frequency sensitive portion, which are movable parts. can. Therefore, the ride quality can be further improved.
- the damping force adjusting valve is provided with the third damping mechanism and the frequency sensitive portion, the third damping mechanism and the frequency sensitive portion can be handled integrally with the damping force adjusting valve.
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Abstract
Description
2,52 外筒
3,54 内筒(シリンダ、シリンダ側部材)
4 ピストン(ピストン側部材)
4A,4B 油路(第1連通路)
5 圧側バルブ(第1減衰機構)
6 伸側バルブ(第1減衰機構)
9 ピストンロッド(ロッド)
15,28 位相補正連通路(第2連通路、第2減衰機構、位相補正部)
23 ロッドガイド(シリンダ側部材)
32,81 周波数感応部
33,83 フリーバルブ(移動部材)
66 減衰力調整バルブ(減衰力調整機構)
75 ソレノイド(アクチュエータ)
90 位相補正連通路(第3減衰機構、位相補正部)
92 油路(第3連通路)
A リザーバ室
B ボトム側油室(一側室)
C ロッド側油室(他側室)
Claims (9)
- 作動流体が封入されるシリンダを有するシリンダ側部材と、
前記シリンダ内を一側室と他側室とに区画するピストンおよび前記ピストンに連結されて前記シリンダの外部へ延びるピストンロッドを有するピストン側部材と、
前記ピストン側部材に設けられ、前記一側室と前記他側室とを連通する第1連通路と、
前記シリンダ側部材に設けられ、前記一側室と前記他側室とを連通する第2連通路と、
前記第1、第2連通路にそれぞれ設けられる第1減衰機構、第2減衰機構とを備え、
前記第2減衰機構は、前記第2連通路内の作動流体の慣性力によって減衰力の位相を進める位相補正部であることを特徴とする緩衝器。 - 前記シリンダ側部材は、前記シリンダの開口に設けられ前記ピストンロッドをガイドするロッドガイドを有しており、
前記第2減衰機構は、前記ロッドガイドに設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の緩衝器。 - 前記シリンダの外周側には外筒が形成されており、
前記シリンダと前記外筒との間には前記ピストンロッドの進入および退出を補償するリザーバ室が設けられており、
前記第2減衰機構は、前記リザーバ室に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の緩衝器。 - 前記一側室および/または前記他側室の作動流体により移動可能な移動部材を有する周波数感応部をさらに備えていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の緩衝器。
- 前記周波数感応部は、前記ピストンロッドに設けられていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の緩衝器。
- アクチュエータによって減衰力を調整する減衰力調整機構をさらに備えていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の緩衝器。
- 作動流体が封入されるシリンダを有するシリンダ側部材と、
前記シリンダ内を一側室と他側室とに区画するピストンおよび前記ピストンに連結されて前記シリンダの外部へ延びるピストンロッドを有するピストン側部材と、
前記ピストンロッドの進入および退出を補償するリザーバ室と、
前記一側室または前記他側室と前記リザーバ室とを連通する第3連通路と、
前記第3連通路に設けられる第3減衰機構とを備え、
前記第3減衰機構は、前記第3連通路内の作動流体の慣性力によって減衰力の位相を進める位相補正部であることを特徴とする緩衝器。 - ソレノイドによって開閉動作が調整される減衰力調整バルブをさらに備え、
前記減衰力調整バルブには、前記第3減衰機構が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の緩衝器。 - 前記一側室および/または前記他側室の作動流体により移動可能な移動部材を有する周波数感応部をさらに備え、
前記減衰力調整バルブには、前記第3減衰機構と前記周波数感応部とが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の緩衝器。
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CN202180022653.8A CN115298456A (zh) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-02-22 | 缓冲器 |
US17/912,635 US20230167871A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-02-22 | Shock absorber |
JP2022509426A JP7324934B2 (ja) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-02-22 | 緩衝器 |
DE112021000616.9T DE112021000616T5 (de) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-02-22 | Stossdämpfer |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6218447U (ja) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-02-03 | ||
JPH01247834A (ja) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-03 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | 油圧緩衝器 |
JP2003254374A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Tokico Ltd | 油圧緩衝器 |
JP2005255152A (ja) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | サスペンション制御装置 |
US20200049221A1 (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-13 | Raptor Performance Shocks, LLC | Internal bypass shock absorber |
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CN108027005B (zh) | 2015-09-14 | 2019-11-22 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | 缓冲器 |
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- 2021-02-22 JP JP2022509426A patent/JP7324934B2/ja active Active
- 2021-02-22 CN CN202180022653.8A patent/CN115298456A/zh active Pending
- 2021-02-22 DE DE112021000616.9T patent/DE112021000616T5/de active Pending
- 2021-02-22 US US17/912,635 patent/US20230167871A1/en active Pending
- 2021-02-22 WO PCT/JP2021/006617 patent/WO2021192779A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6218447U (ja) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-02-03 | ||
JPH01247834A (ja) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-03 | Kayaba Ind Co Ltd | 油圧緩衝器 |
JP2003254374A (ja) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Tokico Ltd | 油圧緩衝器 |
JP2005255152A (ja) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | サスペンション制御装置 |
US20200049221A1 (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-13 | Raptor Performance Shocks, LLC | Internal bypass shock absorber |
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JPWO2021192779A1 (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
DE112021000616T5 (de) | 2022-11-10 |
CN115298456A (zh) | 2022-11-04 |
US20230167871A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
JP7324934B2 (ja) | 2023-08-10 |
KR20220131558A (ko) | 2022-09-28 |
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