WO2021176525A1 - 相関関係導出方法、および、相関関係導出装置 - Google Patents
相関関係導出方法、および、相関関係導出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021176525A1 WO2021176525A1 PCT/JP2020/008712 JP2020008712W WO2021176525A1 WO 2021176525 A1 WO2021176525 A1 WO 2021176525A1 JP 2020008712 W JP2020008712 W JP 2020008712W WO 2021176525 A1 WO2021176525 A1 WO 2021176525A1
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- ash
- hardness
- fired boiler
- exhaust gas
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 83
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003476 subbituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009491 slugging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J9/00—Preventing premature solidification of molten combustion residues
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
- F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/26—Details
- F23N5/265—Details using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/10—Correlation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
- F23N2225/10—Measuring temperature stack temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
- F23N2225/21—Measuring temperature outlet temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2239/00—Fuels
- F23N2239/02—Solid fuels
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a correlation derivation method and a correlation derivation device.
- combustion gas flows between heat transfer tubes arranged at narrow intervals to generate heat. It has a structure for replacement. For this reason, if ash adheres to the upper heat transfer portion, the pressure inside the furnace fluctuates greatly or the gas flow path is blocked, forcing the operation of the coal-fired boiler to be stopped.
- Non-Patent Document 1 The indicators and evaluation criteria for ash shown in Non-Patent Document 1 above are defined for bituminous coal, which is a high-quality coal with few problems such as ash adhesion.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the relationship between the index shown in Non-Patent Document 1 and the adhesion of ash does not always tend to match, and it is not an index with high reliability. Therefore, in the above-mentioned conventional index, there is a problem that subbituminous coal, high silica coal, high S coal, high calcium coal, high ash coal, etc., which are regarded as low grade coal, cannot be used depending on the coal type. Was there. In addition, ash damage sometimes occurred using coal, which was considered to be no problem by conventional indicators.
- Patent Document 1 it is difficult to accurately grasp the slag adhesion behavior in an actual boiler from the numerical value calculated for the slag viscosity based on the chemical composition and the like. It is difficult for low-grade coal such as. Further, it is considered difficult in practice to measure and calculate the slag viscosity by heating a solid fuel such as coal at a high atmospheric temperature (for example, 1300 ° C.). Therefore, the development of a new index for ash is required.
- the present disclosure aims to provide a correlation derivation method and a correlation derivation device capable of deriving a new index regarding ash.
- the correlation derivation method includes a step of incinerating coal to generate coal ash and coal ash at a predetermined heating temperature within the combustion temperature range of the coal-fired boiler.
- the process of heating and producing sintered ash, the process of measuring the hardness of sintered ash, the process of burning coal, which is the hardness, with a coal-fired boiler to measure the exhaust gas temperature, and the hardness and exhaust gas temperature. Includes a step of deriving the correlation.
- the correlation derivation device includes the hardness of the sintered ash obtained by heating the coal ash at a predetermined heating temperature within the combustion temperature range of the coal-fired boiler and the hardness of the sintered ash. It is provided with a correlation derivation unit that derives a correlation with the exhaust gas temperature when coal having hardness is burned in a coal-fired boiler.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a coal-fired boiler.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention method according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler operating apparatus according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler operation method according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of a coal-fired boiler 100.
- the coal-fired boiler 100 includes a boiler main body 110.
- the boiler body 110 includes a furnace 120 and a rear heat transfer unit 130.
- the furnace 120 is formed of a furnace wall tube (heat transfer tube).
- a burner 140 is arranged below the furnace 120 of the boiler main body 110.
- the burner 140 injects and burns pulverized coal fuel.
- An upper heat transfer portion 121 is installed above the furnace 120 of the boiler main body 110.
- the upper heat transfer unit 121 includes a secondary superheater 122, a tertiary superheater 123, a final superheater 124, and a secondary reheater 125.
- a primary superheater 131, a primary reheater 132, and an economizer 133 are installed in the rear heat transfer section 130 of the boiler main body 110. These heat exchangers are composed of heat transfer tubes.
- the combustion gas heats the heat transfer tube constituting the furnace wall of the furnace 120.
- the combustion gas comprises a secondary superheater 122, a tertiary superheater 123, a final superheater 124, and a secondary reheater 125 in the upper part of the furnace 120.
- the upper heat transfer portion 121 is heated.
- the combustion gas heats the primary superheater 131, the primary reheater 132, and the economizer 133 of the rear heat transfer unit 130.
- the combustion gas (exhaust gas) from which heat has been exchanged and deprived of heat is led out to the boiler outlet exhaust gas duct 150.
- Nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, etc. are removed from the exhaust gas guided to the boiler outlet exhaust gas duct 150 by a flue gas treatment device (not shown) such as denitration and desulfurization provided on the downstream side, and a dust collector (not shown). ), After the dust is removed, it is released to the atmosphere.
- the temperature detector 160 is provided in the boiler outlet exhaust gas duct 150.
- the temperature detector 160 measures the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the boiler outlet exhaust gas duct 150.
- the temperature detector 160 may be provided at the outlet of the furnace 120 as shown by the broken line in FIG. That is, the temperature detector 160 may measure the exhaust gas temperature after passing through the upper heat transfer unit 121 (secondary superheater 122, tertiary superheater 123, final superheater 124, secondary reheater 125). ..
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 according to the first embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 includes a coal ash generator 210, a sintered ash generator 220, a hardness measuring device 230, and a correlation deriving device 250.
- the coal ash generator 210 ashes coal that can be used as fuel in the coal-fired boiler 100 (see FIG. 1) to generate coal ash.
- the coal ash generator 210 ashes coal at 815 ° C., for example, according to the JIS method.
- the sintered ash generator 220 heats the coal ash produced by the coal ash generator 210 at a predetermined heating temperature within the combustion temperature range of the coal-fired boiler 100 to generate sintered ash.
- the sintered ash generator 220 includes a magnetic boat 222. Coal ash is supplied to the magnetic boat 222. The coal ash supplied to the magnetic boat 222 is heated at a predetermined heating temperature by a heating device (not shown).
- the heating temperature is a temperature that can at least cover the temperature in the vicinity of the upper heat transfer portion 121 of the coal-fired boiler 100, and is, for example, a temperature range of 900 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower (preferably a temperature range of 900 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower). ) Is the temperature inside.
- the hardness measuring device 230 measures the hardness of the sintered ash produced by the sintered ash generator 220.
- the hardness measuring device 230 is, for example, an device for measuring compressive strength, a device for measuring Vickers hardness, or a device including a rattra tester.
- the case where the hardness measuring instrument 230 is an apparatus including the rattra testing machine 240 will be taken as an example.
- the hardness measuring device 230 includes a rattra tester 240 and a hardness deriving unit 248.
- the rattra tester 240 is used for evaluation of sintered metal.
- the rattra tester 240 includes a cylindrical wire mesh 241, a rotating shaft 242, a setting unit 243, a passing object tray 244, and a cover 245.
- the cylindrical wire mesh 241 is a cylindrical wire mesh (opening 1 mm #) having a diameter of 100 mm and a length of about 120 mm.
- the rotating shaft 242 connects a motor (not shown) and a cylindrical wire mesh 241.
- the motor rotates the cylindrical wire mesh 241 via the rotating shaft 242 at, for example, 80 rpm.
- the setting unit 243 sets the rotation speed of the cylindrical wire mesh 241.
- the passing object tray 244 is provided below the cylindrical wire mesh 241.
- the cover 245 covers the cylindrical wire mesh 241 and the passage tray 244.
- the motor rotates the cylindrical wire mesh 241 at a constant rotation speed set by the setting unit 243.
- the particles of the sintered ash that separate from the sintered ash during rotation and fall through the mesh of the cylindrical wire mesh 241 are received by the passing object tray 244.
- the weight of the sintered ash before the test (before rotation) and the weight of the sintered ash after the test (after rotation) are output to the hardness deriving unit 248.
- the hardness derivation unit 248 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the hardness derivation unit 248 reads out a program, parameters, and the like for operating the CPU itself from the ROM.
- the hardness deriving unit 248 manages and controls the entire hardness measuring instrument 230 in cooperation with the RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits.
- the hardness deriving unit 248 derives the hardness of the sintered ash based on the weight ratio of the sintered ash before and after the rotational separation.
- the correlation derivation device 250 includes a central control unit 260.
- the central control unit 260 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the central control unit 260 reads a program, parameters, and the like for operating the CPU itself from the ROM.
- the central control unit 260 manages and controls the entire correlation deriving device 250 in cooperation with the RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits.
- the central control unit 260 functions as a correlation derivation unit 262, an exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264, and an adhesion prediction unit 266.
- the correlation derivation unit 262 derives the correlation between the hardness measured by the hardness measuring device 230 and the exhaust gas temperature measured by the temperature detector 160.
- the temperature detector 160 measures the temperature of the exhaust gas when coal having the hardness measured by the hardness measuring device 230 is burned by the coal-fired boiler 100. The correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature will be described in detail later.
- the exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264 refers to the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature derived by the correlation derivation unit 262, and derives the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature from the hardness of the coal used as the fuel.
- the hardness of coal used as fuel is measured by the hardness measuring device 230.
- the adhesion prediction unit 266 predicts the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube in the coal-fired boiler 100 based on the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature derived by the exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264.
- the adhesion prediction unit 266 determines that the higher the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature, the higher the possibility that ash has adhered to the heat transfer tube.
- the adhesion prediction unit 266 displays, for example, the predicted adhesion state of ash to the heat transfer tube on the screen, or calls attention by voice.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method according to the first embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method according to the first embodiment includes a coal ash producing step S210, a sintered ash producing step S220, a hardness measuring step S230, and an exhaust gas temperature measuring step S240.
- the correlation derivation step S250, the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260, and the adhesion prediction step S270 are included.
- each step will be described in detail.
- the coal ash generation step S210 is a step in which the coal ash generator 210 ashes coal that can be used as fuel in the coal-fired boiler 100 (see FIG. 1) to generate coal ash.
- the coal is a plurality of types of coal such as high-quality coal and low-grade coal.
- Each of the plurality of types of coal is incinerated at 815 ° C. according to the JIS method. As a result, a plurality of coal ash is produced from each of the plurality of types of coal.
- the sintered ash generator 220 heats the coal ash produced in the coal ash generation step S210 at a plurality of heating temperatures within the combustion temperature range of the coal-fired boiler 100, respectively. This is a step of producing sintered ash at each heating temperature.
- the heating temperature at the plurality of points is a temperature that can at least cover the temperature in the vicinity of the upper heat transfer portion 121 of the coal-fired boiler 100, and is, for example, a temperature range of 900 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower (preferably 900 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower).
- There are multiple point temperatures within the temperature range) eg, multiple points of temperature at 50 ° C. temperature intervals).
- the hardness measuring step S230 is a step in which the hardness measuring instrument 230 measures the hardness of each sintered ash produced in the sintered ash producing step S220.
- the hardness measurement step S230 first, the weight of the sintered ash before the test (before rotation) and the weight of the sintered ash after the test (after rotation) are measured by the rattra tester 240, and the measured value derives the hardness. It is output to unit 248.
- the hardness deriving unit 248 derives the hardness of the sintered ash based on the weight ratio of the sintered ash before and after the rotational separation.
- the exhaust gas temperature measuring step S240 is a step in which the temperature detector 160 (see FIG. 1) measures the exhaust gas temperature by burning coal having the hardness measured in the hardness measuring step S230 with the coal-fired boiler 100.
- the correlation derivation unit 262 of the correlation derivation device 250 derives the correlation between the hardness measured in the hardness measuring step S230 and the exhaust gas temperature measured in the exhaust gas temperature measuring step S240. Is.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature.
- the vertical axis indicates the exhaust gas temperature [° C.].
- the horizontal axis indicates hardness.
- a case where the heating temperature (sintering temperature) in the sintering ash generation step S220 is 1000 ° C. is taken as an example.
- the correlation derivation unit 262 derives the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature for each sintering temperature.
- the plurality of correlations derived in the correlation derivation step S250 are held in a memory (not shown) of the correlation derivation device 250.
- exhaust gas temperature prediction process S260 The exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260 and the adhesion prediction step S270 described later are performed at different timings from the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash production step S210.
- the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash generation step S210 is executed before the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100, and the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260 and the adhesion prediction step S270 described later are performed during the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100. Will be executed.
- the exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264 of the correlation derivation device 250 is based on the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature held in the memory, and the exhaust gas temperature is predicted from the hardness of the coal used as fuel. Is the process of deriving.
- the hardness of coal used as fuel is derived by a coal ash generator 210, a sintered ash generator 220, and a hardness measuring device 230. For example, when the derived hardness is 0.4, the exhaust gas temperature is predicted to be 374 ° C. or higher and 375 ° C. or lower with reference to the diagram shown in FIG.
- the adhesion prediction step S270 is a step in which the adhesion prediction unit 266 predicts the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube in the coal-fired boiler 100 based on the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature derived in the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260.
- the adhesion prediction unit 266 determines that the higher the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature, the higher the possibility that ash has adhered to the heat transfer tube.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method using the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device according to the present embodiment have a correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature, which is a new index for ash. Derived.
- the high exhaust gas temperature means that ash adheres to the heat transfer tube and the heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the heat transfer tube is hindered. That is, in the coal-fired boiler 100, when coal having a high exhaust gas temperature is used as fuel, there is a possibility that clogging trouble may occur due to the adhesion of ash.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 of the present embodiment measures the hardness as a coal property parameter and creates an exhaust gas from the hardness as a diagram as shown in FIG. 4 for the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature.
- the temperature can be predicted.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 can predict ash damage based on the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature.
- the correlation deriving unit 262 derives the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature in the correlation deriving step S250 as a diagram as shown in FIG. 4, the hardness of the coal to be adopted as the fuel can be determined.
- the exhaust gas temperature can be predicted just by measuring. Therefore, the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 can predict the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube in the coal-fired boiler 100 based on the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature. At this time, it is not necessary to stop the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 avoids a situation where the actual slag viscosity is calculated at an atmospheric temperature which is extremely high, for example, 1300 ° C., as in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1. can do. Therefore, the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 is effective in stably operating the actual coal-fired boiler 100.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method can suppress a decrease in the operating rate of the coal-fired boiler 100 due to ash damage by capturing the correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature. , It is possible to effectively utilize economical low-grade coal.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 according to the second embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 includes a coal ash generator 210, a sintered ash generator 220, a hardness measuring device 230, and a correlation deriving device 350.
- the components substantially the same as those of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the correlation derivation device 350 includes a central control unit 360 and a memory 370.
- the central control unit 360 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the central control unit 360 reads a program, parameters, and the like for operating the CPU itself from the ROM.
- the central control unit 360 manages and controls the entire correlation deriving device 350 in cooperation with the RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits.
- the memory 370 is composed of a ROM, RAM, flash memory, HDD, etc., and stores programs and various data used in the central control unit 360.
- the memory 370 stores hardness data.
- Hardness data is information indicating the hardness of a single type of coal and the hardness of a mixture of a plurality of types of coal, one or both of them.
- the central control unit 360 functions as a correlation derivation unit 262 and a coal selection unit 364.
- the coal selection unit 364 refers to the hardness data stored in the memory 370 based on the correlation between the hardness and the exhaust gas temperature derived by the correlation derivation unit 262, and the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature becomes equal to or less than the set value. Select coal with a certain hardness as fuel. The coal selected is a single type of coal or a mixture of multiple types of coal.
- the set value of the exhaust gas temperature is, for example, about 374 to 376 ° C. However, the set value of the exhaust gas temperature is not limited.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention method according to the second embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention method includes a coal ash generation step S210, a sintered ash generation step S220, a hardness measurement step S230, an exhaust gas temperature measurement step S240, and a correlation derivation step S250.
- the coal selection step S310 is included.
- the treatments substantially the same as the above-mentioned coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the coal selection step S310 is performed at a timing different from that of the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash production step S210.
- the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash production step S210 is executed before the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100, and the coal selection step S310 is executed during the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100.
- the coal selection unit 364 refers to the hardness data based on the correlation between the hardness derived in the correlation derivation step S250 and the exhaust gas temperature, and the exhaust gas temperature becomes equal to or less than the above set value. This is the process of selecting coal as fuel.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 As described above, the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 according to the present embodiment and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention method using the same include a coal selection unit 364. By using the coal selected by the coal selection unit 364 as fuel, the exhaust gas temperature can be suppressed to the set value or less. Therefore, the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 can suppress the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube in the coal-fired boiler 100 and reduce the inhibition of heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the heat transfer tube.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 can stably continue the operation of the actual coal-fired boiler 100.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 can avoid damage of 100 million yen or more to the coal-fired boiler 100 installed in a 600 MW class power plant by avoiding a forced stop due to an ash failure only once. It will be possible.
- the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention method have a correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature, similarly to the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a coal-fired boiler operating device 400 according to a third embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler operating device 400 includes a coal ash generator 210, a sintered ash generator 220, a hardness measuring device 230, and a correlation deriving device 450.
- the components substantially the same as those of the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the correlation derivation device 450 includes a central control unit 460.
- the central control unit 460 is composed of a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the central control unit 460 reads a program, parameters, and the like for operating the CPU itself from the ROM.
- the central control unit 460 manages and controls the entire correlation deriving device 450 in cooperation with the RAM as a work area and other electronic circuits.
- the central control unit 460 functions as a correlation derivation unit 262, an exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264, and a combustion time adjustment unit 466.
- the combustion time adjusting unit 466 outputs a control signal to, for example, a burner 140 (see FIG. 1) based on the predicted value of the exhaust gas temperature derived by the exhaust gas temperature predicting unit 264, and fine powder is emitted from the burner 140 to the inside of the furnace 120. Adjust the time to inject charcoal fuel.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the coal-fired boiler operation method according to the third embodiment.
- the coal-fired boiler operation method includes a coal ash generation step S210, a sintered ash generation step S220, a hardness measurement step S230, an exhaust gas temperature measurement step S240, a correlation derivation step S250, and an exhaust gas.
- the temperature prediction step S260 and the combustion time adjusting step S410 are included.
- the treatments substantially the same as the above-mentioned coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260 and the combustion time adjustment step S410 are performed at different timings from the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash production step S210.
- the correlation derivation step S250 from the coal ash generation step S210 is executed before the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100, and the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260 and the combustion time adjusting step S410 are executed during the operation of the coal-fired boiler 100. Will be done.
- the combustion time adjusting step S410 is a step in which the combustion time adjusting unit 466 adjusts the coal burning time (coal supply time to the furnace 120) based on the exhaust gas temperature predicted value derived in the exhaust gas temperature prediction step S260. be.
- the combustion time adjusting unit 466 suppresses the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube by setting the combustion time short.
- the coal-fired boiler 100 can be operated by switching from G coal, H coal, or a mixture thereof to coal having a hardness that lowers the exhaust gas temperature.
- the coal-fired boiler operating device 400 makes effective use of low-grade coal while suppressing the adhesion of ash to the heat transfer tube, and stabilizes the actual operation of the coal-fired boiler 100 while improving economic efficiency. It will be possible to continue.
- the coal-fired boiler operating device 400 can reduce the annual cost by about 200 million yen if the fuel cost of the coal-fired boiler 100 installed in a 600 MW class power plant is reduced by 1%.
- the coal-fired boiler operating device 400 and the coal-fired boiler operating method include the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction device 200 and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prediction method, and the coal-fired boiler ash adhesion prevention device 300 and the coal-fired boiler ash. Similar to the adhesion prevention method, by grasping the correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the operating rate of the coal-fired boiler 100 due to ash damage and effectively utilize economical low-grade coal. It will be possible.
- the hardness measuring device 230 an apparatus provided with a rattra tester 240 is given as an example.
- the hardness measuring device 230 may be a device for measuring compressive strength or a device for measuring Vickers hardness.
- the hardness measuring device 230 as a device for measuring compressive strength or a device for measuring Vickers hardness, the hardness of sintered ash can be easily measured. The larger the compressive strength [N / mm 2 ] and the Vickers hardness [HV], the higher the hardness of the sintered ash (the sintered ash is harder).
- coal-fired boiler 100 each use a single type of coal as fuel.
- a mixture of a plurality of types of coal may be used.
- Bituminous coal which is a high-quality coal
- the configuration in which the correlation deriving device 250 includes the exhaust gas temperature prediction unit 264 and the adhesion prediction unit 266 is given as an example.
- the correlation deriving device 250 may include at least the correlation deriving unit 262, and similarly, the correlation deriving devices 350 and 450 may include at least 262.
- the correlation deriving devices 250, 350, and 450 can derive the correlation between hardness and exhaust gas temperature, which is a new index for ash.
- the present disclosure can be used for a correlation derivation method and a correlation derivation device.
Abstract
Description
[第1の実施形態]
まず、第1の実施形態に係る相関関係導出装置および相関関係導出方法が適用される石炭焚ボイラの一例について、図1を用いて概略を説明する。図1は、石炭焚ボイラ100の一例を示す側断面図である。
図2は、第1の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測装置200を説明する図である。図2に示すように、石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測装置200は、石炭灰生成器210と、焼結灰生成器220と、硬度測定器230と、相関関係導出装置250とを含む。
続いて、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測装置200を用いた石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測方法について説明する。図3は、第1の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測方法の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。図3に示すように、第1の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測方法は、石炭灰生成工程S210と、焼結灰生成工程S220と、硬度測定工程S230と、排ガス温度測定工程S240と、相関関係導出工程S250と、排ガス温度予測工程S260と、付着予測工程S270とを含む。以下、各工程について詳述する。
石炭灰生成工程S210は、石炭灰生成器210が、石炭焚ボイラ100(図1参照)で燃料として採用され得る石炭を灰化して石炭灰を生成する工程である。石炭は、例えば、良質炭および低品位炭等の複数種類の石炭である。複数種類の石炭はそれぞれ、JIS法に準じ、815℃で灰化される。これにより、複数種類の石炭それぞれから、複数の石炭灰が生成される。
焼結灰生成工程S220は、焼結灰生成器220が、石炭灰生成工程S210で生成された石炭灰を、石炭焚ボイラ100の燃焼温度範囲内における複数点の加熱温度でそれぞれ加熱することにより各加熱温度での焼結灰を生成する工程である。複数点の加熱温度は、石炭焚ボイラ100の上部伝熱部121近傍の温度を少なくともカバーできる温度であり、例えば、900℃以上1400℃以下の温度範囲(好ましくは、900℃以上1200℃以下の温度範囲)内の複数点温度(例えば、50℃の温度間隔で複数点の温度)ある。
硬度測定工程S230は、硬度測定器230が、焼結灰生成工程S220で生成された各焼結灰の硬度を測定する工程である。硬度測定工程S230では、まず、ラトラ試験機240によって、試験前(回転前)の焼結灰の重量と、試験後(回転後)の焼結灰の重量とが測定され、測定値が硬度導出部248に出力される。
排ガス温度測定工程S240は、温度検出器160(図1参照)が、硬度測定工程S230で測定された硬度となる石炭を石炭焚ボイラ100で燃焼させて排ガス温度を測定する工程である。
相関関係導出工程S250は、相関関係導出装置250の相関関係導出部262が、硬度測定工程S230において測定された硬度と、排ガス温度測定工程S240において測定された排ガス温度との相関関係を導出する工程である。
排ガス温度予測工程S260および後述する付着予測工程S270は、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250とは、異なるタイミングで行われる。例えば、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用前に実行され、排ガス温度予測工程S260および後述する付着予測工程S270は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用の際に実行される。
付着予測工程S270は、付着予測部266が、排ガス温度予測工程S260において導出された排ガス温度の予測値に基づき石炭焚ボイラ100における伝熱管への灰の付着を予測する工程である。付着予測部266は、排ガス温度の予測値が高いほど伝熱管に灰が付着している可能性が高いと判定する。
図5は、第2の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止装置300を説明する図である。図5に示すように、石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止装置300は、石炭灰生成器210と、焼結灰生成器220と、硬度測定器230と、相関関係導出装置350とを含む。なお、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測装置200と実質的に等しい構成要素については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
続いて、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止装置300を用いた石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止方法について説明する。図6は、第2の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止方法の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。図6に示すように、石炭焚ボイラ灰付着防止方法は、石炭灰生成工程S210と、焼結灰生成工程S220と、硬度測定工程S230と、排ガス温度測定工程S240と、相関関係導出工程S250と、石炭選定工程S310とを含む。なお、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測方法と実質的に等しい処理については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
石炭選定工程S310は、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250とは、異なるタイミングで行われる。例えば、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用前に実行され、石炭選定工程S310は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用の際に実行される。
図7は、第3の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ運用装置400を説明する図である。図7に示すように、石炭焚ボイラ運用装置400は、石炭灰生成器210と、焼結灰生成器220と、硬度測定器230と、相関関係導出装置450とを含む。なお、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測装置200と実質的に等しい構成要素については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
続いて、上記石炭焚ボイラ運用装置400を用いた石炭焚ボイラ運用方法について説明する。図8は、第3の実施形態に係る石炭焚ボイラ運用方法の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。図8に示すように、石炭焚ボイラ運用方法は、石炭灰生成工程S210と、焼結灰生成工程S220と、硬度測定工程S230と、排ガス温度測定工程S240と、相関関係導出工程S250と、排ガス温度予測工程S260と、燃焼時間調節工程S410とを含む。なお、上記石炭焚ボイラ灰付着予測方法と実質的に等しい処理については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
上記排ガス温度予測工程S260および燃焼時間調節工程S410は、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250とは、異なるタイミングで行われる。例えば、上記石炭灰生成工程S210から相関関係導出工程S250は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用前に実行され、排ガス温度予測工程S260および燃焼時間調節工程S410は、石炭焚ボイラ100の運用の際に実行される。
S220 焼結灰生成工程
S230 硬度測定工程
S240 排ガス温度測定工程
S250 相関関係導出工程
250 相関関係導出装置
262 相関関係導出部
350 相関関係導出装置
450 相関関係導出装置
Claims (2)
- 石炭を灰化して石炭灰を生成する工程と、
石炭焚ボイラの燃焼温度範囲内における所定の加熱温度で前記石炭灰を加熱し、焼結灰を生成する工程と、
前記焼結灰の硬度を測定する工程と、
前記硬度となる石炭を石炭焚ボイラで燃焼させて排ガス温度を測定する工程と、
前記硬度と前記排ガス温度との相関関係を導出する工程と、
を含む相関関係導出方法。 - 石炭焚ボイラの燃焼温度範囲内における所定の加熱温度で石炭灰を加熱して得られる焼結灰の硬度と、前記硬度となる石炭を石炭焚ボイラで燃焼させた場合の排ガス温度との相関関係を導出する相関関係導出部を備える相関関係導出装置。
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