WO2021139011A1 - 一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021139011A1
WO2021139011A1 PCT/CN2020/082703 CN2020082703W WO2021139011A1 WO 2021139011 A1 WO2021139011 A1 WO 2021139011A1 CN 2020082703 W CN2020082703 W CN 2020082703W WO 2021139011 A1 WO2021139011 A1 WO 2021139011A1
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conductive rubber
conductive
environment
rubber
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任圣平
王月祥
王胜利
李彦奎
张小刚
赵维富
刘帆
李东
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中国电子科技集团公司第三十三研究所
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08L83/08—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0806—Silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/04—Antistatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of functional composite rubber in electronic materials, and more specifically, to an environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber and a preparation method thereof.
  • Electromagnetic shielding is a measure to prevent the propagation of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in space with a shielding body. It is an effective means to suppress radiation interference; electromagnetic leakage at the gaps in the assembly surface of the shielding body such as chassis and cabinets seriously affects the electromagnetic compatibility of the equipment.
  • the conductive lining The pad can fill the gap, improve the electrical continuity of the contact surface, and can effectively suppress the leakage at the gap. It is currently the most widely used shielding material.
  • the highly conductive rubber composite material has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and environmental sealing performance, but in coastal and humid environments, the salt solution formed by damp water vapor will adhere to the surface of electromagnetic shielding rubber and electronic equipment, causing local electrochemical corrosion of conductive rubber. Thereby affecting the electromagnetic sealing and environmental sealing performance of the conductive rubber sealing strip. In addition, ordinary conductive rubber strips are also prone to corrosion when used in an oil-sealed environment.
  • the present invention provides an environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber with significant environmental adaptability and a preparation method thereof.
  • An environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber which is formed by integral vulcanization of a conductive part and a non-conductive part;
  • the conductive part is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of silicone rubber, 240-260 parts of conductive silver powder, silane coupling agent 0.8-1.8 parts, reinforcing agent 0.5-1.5 parts, hydroxy silicone oil 0.4-0.75 parts, vulcanizing agent 1.2-1.5 parts, vulcanization accelerator 0.6-0.95 parts;
  • the non-conductive part is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: silicone rubber 100 parts, 15-20 parts of glass beads, 3-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.38-0.45 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.4-0.65 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.45-0.55 parts of vulcanization accelerator.
  • the conductive part is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 100 parts by weight of fluorosilicone rubber, 240-260 parts of conductive silver powder, 0.8-1.8 parts of silane coupling agent, and 0.5 parts of reinforcing agent.
  • the non-conductive part is made of the following parts by weight: 100 parts of silicone rubber, 15-20 parts of glass beads Parts, 3-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.38-0.45 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.4-0.65 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.45-0.55 parts of vulcanization accelerator.
  • the conductive silver powder adopts glass silver-plated powder or aluminum silver-plated powder.
  • the reinforcing agent adopts carbon nanotubes or graphene oxide; carbon nanotubes enhance the mildew resistance and flexibility of the composite strip; graphene oxide enhances the salt spray corrosion resistance of the aluminum-silver composite conductive rubber.
  • the vulcanizing agent adopts hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
  • the vulcanization accelerator uses chloroplatinic acid.
  • An environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber preparation method includes the following steps:
  • the conductive rubber material prepared in S4 and the non-conductive rubber material prepared in S7 are respectively loaded into two barrels of a dual extruder for extrusion, and vulcanized at a high temperature of 300°C.
  • the cross-section of the conductive rubber formed in the step S8 is hollow or solid.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention provides an environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber and a preparation method thereof.
  • the basic performance of the prepared composite conductive rubber strip completely meets the relevant standards of conductive rubber gaskets.
  • the fluorosilicone conductive rubber is used as the base rubber and is used in the oil seal.
  • Stable performance in the environment that is, oil corrosion resistance; through carbon nanotube reinforcing agent, the anti-mold characteristics and flexibility of the composite strip are enhanced; through graphene oxide, the salt spray corrosion resistance of the aluminum-silver composite conductive rubber is enhanced; through glass
  • the microbeads enhance the thermal stability of the composite strip during high-temperature molding; the main function of the non-conductive part of the composite conductive rubber strip prepared by the invention is environmental sealing, and the main function of the conductive part is electromagnetic sealing.
  • An environment-resistant electromagnetic protection composite conductive rubber which is formed by integral vulcanization of a conductive part and a non-conductive part;
  • the conductive part is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of silicone rubber, 240-260 parts of conductive silver powder, silane coupling agent 0.8-1.8 parts, reinforcing agent 0.5-1.5 parts, hydroxy silicone oil 0.4-0.75 parts, vulcanizing agent 1.2-1.5 parts, vulcanization accelerator 0.6-0.95 parts;
  • the non-conductive part is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: silicone rubber 100 parts, 15-20 parts of glass beads, 3-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.38-0.45 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.4-0.65 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.45-0.55 parts of vulcanization accelerator.
  • the conductive part is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 100 parts by weight of fluorosilicone rubber, 240-260 parts of conductive silver powder, 0.8-1.8 parts of silane coupling agent, and 0.5 parts of reinforcing agent.
  • the non-conductive part is made of the following parts by weight: 100 parts of silicone rubber, 15-20 parts of glass beads Parts, 3-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.38-0.45 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.4-0.65 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.45-0.55 parts of vulcanization accelerator.
  • the conductive silver powder adopts glass silver-plated powder or aluminum silver-plated powder;
  • the reinforcing agent adopts carbon nanotubes or graphene oxide; carbon nanotubes enhance the mildew resistance and flexibility of the composite strip; graphite oxide
  • the ene enhances the salt spray corrosion resistance of the aluminum-silver composite conductive rubber.
  • the vulcanizing agent adopts hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
  • the vulcanization accelerator adopts chloroplatinic acid.
  • the material formula of the conductive part is 100 parts of silicone rubber, 248 parts of glass silver-plated powder, 1.0 part of carbon nanotube reinforcing agent, 1.2 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.62 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 1.31 parts of vulcanizing agent hydrogen-containing silicone oil, and 0.62 parts of vulcanization accelerator chloroplatinic acid
  • the material formula of the non-conductive part is 100 parts of silicone rubber, 18 parts of glass beads, 0.41 part of hydroxy silicone oil, and vulcanizing agent hydrogen-containing silicone oil 0.58 parts, 0.52 parts of vulcanization accelerator chloroplatinic acid;
  • the conductive rubber material prepared in S4 and the non-conductive rubber material prepared in S7 are respectively loaded into two barrels of a dual extruder for extrusion, and vulcanized at a high temperature of 300°C.
  • the material formula of the conductive part is 100 parts of fluorosilicone rubber, 268 parts of aluminum silver-plated powder, 0.85 parts of graphene oxide, 0.56 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, and the vulcanizing agent contains hydrogen 1.28 parts of silicone oil, 0.665 parts of vulcanization accelerator;
  • the material formula of the non-conductive part is 100 parts of fluorosilicone rubber, 16 parts of glass beads, 3.8 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.42 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, and 0.58 parts of vulcanizing agent hydrogen-containing silicone oil , 0.48 parts of vulcanization accelerator;
  • the conductive rubber material prepared in S4 and the non-conductive rubber material prepared in S7 are respectively loaded into two barrels of a dual extruder for extrusion, and vulcanized at a high temperature of 300°C.
  • the cross-section of the conductive rubber molded in this embodiment is hollow or solid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法，该复合导电橡胶的制备方法具体是将导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机混炼，再加入导电银粉和补强剂混炼，再加入硫化剂混炼，最后加入硫化促进剂混炼，制得导电胶料，将不导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机混炼，再加入玻璃微珠混炼，再加入硫化剂混炼，最后加入硫化促进剂混炼，制得非导电胶料，将上述制备的导电胶料与非导电胶料分别装入双料挤出机的两个料筒挤出，300℃高温硫化成型，得到复合导电橡胶条。该复合导电橡胶条的不导电部分主要功能是环境密封，导电部分主要功能是电磁密封，满足极端环境中作业装备对电磁防护密封条的耐环境型特殊需求。

Description

一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电子材料中的功能复合橡胶技术领域，更具体而言，涉及一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
电磁屏蔽是用屏蔽体阻止高频电磁场在空间传播的一种措施，是抑制辐射干扰的有效手段；机箱、机柜等屏蔽体装配面缝隙处的电磁泄漏严重影响了设备的电磁兼容性能，导电衬垫可以填充缝隙，提高接触面的电连续性，并能有效地抑制缝隙处的泄漏，是目前应用最为广泛的屏蔽材料。
高导电橡胶复合材料具有优异的电磁屏蔽性能和环境密封性能，但是在沿海和潮湿环境，潮湿水气形成的盐溶液会附着在电磁屏蔽橡胶和电子设备表面，致使导电橡胶局部发生电化学腐蚀，从而影响导电橡胶密封条的电磁密封和环境密封性能。另外，普通导电橡胶条在油封环境中使用也容易被腐蚀。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中所存在的不足，本发明提供具有显著的环境适应性的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，由导电部分与不导电部分一体硫化成型；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
进一步地，由导电部分与不导电部分构成；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：氟硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
进一步地，所述导电银粉采用玻璃镀银粉或铝镀银粉。
进一步地，所述补强剂采用碳纳米管或氧化石墨烯；碳纳米管增强了复合条的防霉特性和柔韧性；氧化石墨烯增强了铝银复合导电橡胶的耐盐雾腐蚀性能。
进一步地，所述硫化剂采用含氢硅油。
进一步地，所述硫化促进剂采用氯铂酸。
一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、分别按照配方称取导电部分和不导电部分的原材料；
S2、将导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S3、将导电银粉、补强剂加入密炼机，继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
S4、加入硫化剂，混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得导电胶料；
S5、将不导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S6、将玻璃微珠加入密炼机继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以 下；
S7、加入硫化剂，进行混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得非导电胶料；
S8、将S4中制备的导电胶料与S7中制备的非导电胶料分别装入双料挤出机两个料筒挤出，300℃高温硫化成型。
进一步地，所述步骤S8中成型的导电橡胶截面为中空或实心。
与现有技术相比，本发明所具有的有益效果为：
本发明提供了一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶及其制备方法，所制备的复合导电橡胶条其基本性能完全满足导电橡胶衬垫的相关标准，通过氟硅导电橡胶作为基胶，在油封环境中性能稳定，即耐油腐蚀；通过碳纳米管补强剂，增强了复合条的防霉特性和柔韧性；通过氧化石墨烯，增强了铝银复合导电橡胶的耐盐雾腐蚀性能；通过玻璃微珠，增强了复合条高温成型过程中的热稳定性；本发明制备的复合导电橡胶条不导电部分的主要功能是环境密封，导电部分的主要功能是电磁密封。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，由导电部分与不导电部分一体硫化成型；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制 成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
进一步地，由导电部分与不导电部分构成；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：氟硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
在本实施例中，所述导电银粉采用玻璃镀银粉或铝镀银粉；所述补强剂采用碳纳米管或氧化石墨烯；碳纳米管增强了复合条的防霉特性和柔韧性；氧化石墨烯增强了铝银复合导电橡胶的耐盐雾腐蚀性能。所述硫化剂采用含氢硅油。所述硫化促进剂采用氯铂酸。
实施例1
S1、分别按照配方称取导电部分和不导电部分的原材料；其中导电部分的材料配方为硅橡胶100份、玻璃镀银粉248份、碳纳米管补强剂1.0份、硅烷偶联剂1.2份、羟基硅油0.62份、硫化剂含氢硅油1.31份、硫化促进剂氯铂酸0.62份；不导电部分的材料配方为硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠18份、羟基硅油0.41份、硫化剂含氢硅油0.58份、硫化促进剂氯铂酸0.52份；
S2、将导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S3、将玻璃镀银粉、补强剂加入密炼机，继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
S4、加入硫化剂，混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混 炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得导电胶料；
S5、将不导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S6、将玻璃微珠加入密炼机继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
S7、加入硫化剂，进行混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得非导电胶料；
S8、将S4中制备的导电胶料与S7中制备的非导电胶料分别装入双料挤出机两个料筒挤出，300℃高温硫化成型。
按照上述工艺配方制备的复合导电橡胶条，性能测试如下：
类型 伸长率％ 热稳定性 防霉性能
普通复合导电橡胶条 100～300％ 300℃下发生龟裂 2～3级
耐环境型复合导电橡胶条 500～800％ 300℃下无异常 1～2级
实施例2
S1、分别按照配方称取导电部分和不导电部分的原材料；其中导电部分的材料配方为氟硅橡胶100份、铝镀银粉268份、氧化石墨烯0.85份，羟基硅油0.56份、硫化剂含氢硅油1.28份、硫化促进剂0.665份；所述不导电部分的材料配方为氟硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠16份、硅烷偶联剂3.8份、羟基硅油0.42份、硫化剂含氢硅油0.58份、硫化促进剂0.48份；
S2、将导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S3、将铝镀银粉、补强剂加入密炼机，继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
S4、加入硫化剂，混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得导电胶料；
S5、将不导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
S6、将玻璃微珠加入密炼机继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
S7、加入硫化剂，进行混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得非导电胶料；
S8、将S4中制备的导电胶料与S7中制备的非导电胶料分别装入双料挤出机两个料筒挤出，300℃高温硫化成型。
按照上述工艺配方制备的复合导电橡胶条，性能测试如下：
类型 防盐雾性能 耐油蚀性能 防霉性能
普通复合导电橡胶条 通过48小时中性盐雾试验 浸泡24小时体积膨胀大于80％ 1～2级
耐环境型复合导电橡胶条 通过96小时中性盐雾试验 浸泡24小时体积膨胀小于20％ 1级以上
在本实施例中成型的导电橡胶截面为中空或实心。
上面仅对本发明的较佳实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施例，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化，各种变化均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：由导电部分与不导电部分一体硫化成型；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：由导电部分与不导电部分构成；所述导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：氟硅橡胶100份、导电银粉240-260份、硅烷偶联剂0.8-1.8份，补强剂0.5-1.5份，羟基硅油0.4-0.75份、硫化剂1.2-1.5份、硫化促进剂0.6-0.95份；所述不导电部分由以下重量份原料制成：硅橡胶100份、玻璃微珠15-20份，硅烷偶联剂3-5份、羟基硅油0.38-0.45份、硫化剂0.4-0.65份、硫化促进剂0.45-0.55份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：所述导电银粉采用玻璃镀银粉或铝镀银粉。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：所述补强剂采用碳纳米管或氧化石墨烯。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：所述硫化剂采用含氢硅油。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶，其特征在于：所述硫化促进剂采用氯铂酸。
  7. 一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、分别按照配方称取导电部分和不导电部分的原材料；
    S2、将导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
    S3、将导电银粉、补强剂加入密炼机，继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
    S4、加入硫化剂，混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得导电胶料；
    S5、将不导电部分橡胶基材、羟基硅油及硅烷偶联剂加入密炼机进行10～15分钟的混炼；
    S6、将玻璃微珠加入密炼机继续混炼15～20分钟，混炼温度控制在80℃以下；
    S7、加入硫化剂，进行混炼3～5分钟，再加入硫化促进剂混炼3～5分钟，混炼温度控制在35℃以下，制得非导电胶料；
    S8、将S4中制备的导电胶料与S7中制备的非导电胶料分别装入双料挤出机两个料筒挤出，300℃高温硫化成型。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种耐环境型电磁防护复合导电橡胶的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S8中成型的导电橡胶截面为中空或实心。
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