WO2021131636A1 - 脱アルコール飲料の製造方法、アルコール飲料の製造方法及びアルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法 - Google Patents
脱アルコール飲料の製造方法、アルコール飲料の製造方法及びアルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021131636A1 WO2021131636A1 PCT/JP2020/045462 JP2020045462W WO2021131636A1 WO 2021131636 A1 WO2021131636 A1 WO 2021131636A1 JP 2020045462 W JP2020045462 W JP 2020045462W WO 2021131636 A1 WO2021131636 A1 WO 2021131636A1
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- ethanol
- beverage
- aroma component
- alcohol
- producing
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 455
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019990 fruit wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019992 sake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
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- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 18
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(C)=O MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940117955 isoamyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001612 separation test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013532 brandy Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019987 cider Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C12/00—Processes specially adapted for making special kinds of beer
- C12C12/04—Beer with low alcohol content
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/64—Re-adding volatile aromatic ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/10—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
- A23L5/273—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption using adsorption or absorption agents, resins, synthetic polymers, or ion exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/08—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by methods for altering the composition of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverages not provided for in groups C12G3/02 - C12G3/07
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H3/00—Methods for reducing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverage to obtain low alcohol or non-alcoholic beverages
- C12H3/02—Methods for reducing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverage to obtain low alcohol or non-alcoholic beverages by evaporating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a dealcoholic beverage having a reduced ethanol concentration from an alcohol-containing beverage.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing an alcoholic beverage.
- the present invention further relates to a method for producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage.
- alcohol-taste beverages non-alcoholic beverages
- non-alcoholic beer-taste beverages non-alcoholic beverages
- non-alcoholic wines, and the like are being sold as non-alcoholic beverages.
- Non-alcoholic beverages are required to have the flavor of alcoholic beverages by reducing only the ethanol concentration.
- beer is steam-distilled to separate ethanol and aroma components to obtain a treatment liquid having a reduced ethanol concentration, and a distilled liquid containing the separated ethanol and aroma components is used as the treatment liquid.
- a distilled liquid containing the separated ethanol and aroma components is used as the treatment liquid.
- the distillate contains ethanol together with the aroma component, the ethanol concentration increases with the addition of the distillate.
- Patent Document 1 describes the aroma component separation step of separating the aroma component from the wine, the ethanol separation step of separating ethanol from the wine from which the aroma component was separated in the step, and the aroma of the wine that has undergone the ethanol separation step.
- a method for producing a deethanolinated wine which comprises a step of adding a scent component to add a scent to the wine by adding the scent component separated in the component separation step.
- a membrane treatment step of separating ethanol accompanying the scent component separated in the scent component separation step with a membrane such as a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) is performed before the scent component addition step.
- RO membrane reverse osmosis membrane
- Patent Document 1 ethanol accompanying the scent component is separated from the scent component by using an RO membrane or the like.
- RO membrane since it takes time to separate ethanol by RO membrane treatment, there is room for improvement in terms of efficiency. Further, the method of Patent Document 1 has room for improvement in improving the recovery rate of the aroma component.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of efficiently producing a dealcoholic beverage having the flavor of an alcohol-containing beverage and having a reduced ethanol concentration. Further, the present invention provides a method capable of efficiently producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage, which can impart the flavor of an alcohol-containing beverage while suppressing an increase in ethanol concentration by mixing with a beverage or the like. The purpose is to provide.
- the present inventor treats a mixture containing ethanol and an aroma component separated from an alcohol-containing beverage with a resin that adsorbs the aroma component, whereby the aroma component and ethanol are satisfactorily obtained. It has been found that the aroma components derived from alcohol-containing beverages can be separated efficiently and can be obtained with a high recovery rate.
- the aroma component separated as described above is mixed with the residual liquid obtained by separating ethanol from the alcohol-containing beverage, the flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage can be imparted while suppressing an increase in the ethanol concentration. It is possible to produce a de-alcoholic beverage having a reduced ethanol concentration.
- a method for producing a de-alcoholic beverage which comprises the step (E) of obtaining. [2] The method for producing a dealcoholic beverage according to the above [1], wherein the alcohol-containing beverage has an ethanol concentration of 0.1 to 60 v / v%. [3] The method for producing a dealcoholic beverage according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the alcohol-containing beverage is a brewed liquor and / or a distilled liquor made from fruits and / or grains.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method capable of efficiently producing a dealcoholic beverage having the flavor of an alcohol-containing beverage and having a reduced ethanol concentration. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently produce an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage, which can impart the flavor of an alcohol-containing beverage while suppressing an increase in ethanol concentration by mixing with a beverage or the like. A method can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing a de-alcoholic beverage of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of the flow of a separation test using an RO membrane.
- ethanol and an aroma component are separated from an alcohol-containing beverage, and a mixture containing the ethanol and the aroma component and a residual liquid in which the ethanol and the aroma component are separated from the alcohol-containing beverage are separated.
- C Step (D) of recovering the aroma component from the resin from which ethanol was removed in the above step (C); and the residual liquid obtained in the above step (A) and the aroma component obtained in the above step (D).
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing a de-alcoholic beverage of the present invention.
- EtOH means ethanol.
- the method for producing a dealcoholic beverage of the present invention may include steps other than steps (A) to (E) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- an alcohol-containing beverage can be used as a raw material to produce a dealcoholic beverage having a lower ethanol concentration than the alcohol-containing beverage.
- the alcohol-containing beverage in the present invention is a beverage containing ethanol, and has an ethanol concentration of usually 0.1 v / v% or more, preferably 0.5 v / v% or more, more preferably 1 v / v% or more, and particularly preferably. Is more than 3v / v%.
- the ethanol concentration of the alcohol-containing beverage is preferably 60 v / v% or less, more preferably 15 v / v% or less, still more preferably 10 v / v% or less.
- the upper limit and the lower limit may be in any combination.
- the alcohol-containing beverage preferably has an ethanol concentration of 0.1 to 60 v / v%, more preferably 0.1 to 15 v / v%, and 0.5 to 10 v / v%. More preferably, 1 to 10 v / v% is even more preferable, and 3 to 10 v / v% is particularly preferable.
- the ethanol concentration can be measured by analysis using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC / MS). As the measurement conditions for GC / MS, the conditions described in the examples can be adopted.
- the alcohol-containing beverage is preferably brewed liquor and / or distilled liquor, and more preferably brewed liquor.
- the alcohol-containing beverage is preferably made from fruits and / or grains.
- brewed liquor brewed liquor made from fruits and / or grains is preferable, and beer-based beverages such as beer and low-malt beer (beer-taste beverage), sake (sake), Shaoxing wine, fruit liquor and the like can be mentioned.
- the fruit liquor include wine obtained by fermenting grapes; fruit wine obtained by fermenting peach, strawberry, pear, citrus and the like; cider and the like, and wine obtained by fermenting grapes is preferable.
- the brewed liquor preferably has an ethanol concentration of 0.1 to 15 v / v.
- distilled liquor examples include whiskey, brandy, and shochu.
- the alcohol-containing beverage beer, fruit wine, and sake are more preferable, and beer is even more preferable.
- the method for producing a dealcoholic beverage of the present invention is preferably used as a method for producing a dealcoholic beer. Beer preferably has an ethanol concentration of 3 to 10 v / v%.
- ethanol and the aroma component are separated from the alcohol-containing beverage to obtain a mixture containing the ethanol and the aroma component and a residual liquid in which the ethanol and the aroma component are separated from the alcohol-containing beverage.
- the method for separating ethanol and the aroma component from the alcohol-containing beverage is not particularly limited, and for example, distillation such as vacuum steam distillation or vacuum distillation can be used.
- ethanol and aroma components are separated from the beverage by vacuum steam distillation or vacuum distillation of the alcohol-containing beverage, and a distillate (condensate) containing ethanol and aroma components and an alcohol-containing beverage are used.
- a residual liquid from which ethanol and aroma components have been separated can be obtained.
- the separation is preferably carried out by vacuum steam distillation.
- a distillation apparatus for performing vacuum steam distillation a general steam distillation apparatus, a spinning separator (continuous countercurrent gas-liquid extraction apparatus) provided with a spinning cone column, or the like can be used.
- an alcohol-containing beverage can be supplied to a distillation apparatus for distillation.
- Decompression steam distillation can be performed by setting the temperature and pressure (atmospheric pressure) in the distillation apparatus.
- the pressure in the apparatus for performing vacuum steam distillation may be lower than the atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), but is preferably 0.02 MPa or less, more preferably 0.013 MPa or less, still more preferably 0. It is preferably set to 0123 MPa or less.
- the pressure is preferably 0.0025 MPa or more, more preferably 0.004 MPa or more, further preferably 0.006 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 0.0066 MPa or more.
- the pressure in the apparatus for performing vacuum steam distillation is preferably 0.0025 to 0.02 MPa, more preferably 0.004 to 0.013 MPa, still more preferably 0.006 to 0.013 MPa, in particular. It can be preferably set to 0.0066 to 0.0123 MPa.
- the flavor of the residual liquid changes due to the heat, which may impair the original flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage.
- the temperature at the time of separation is preferably 25 ° C. or higher, more preferably 30 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 40 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 43 ° C. or higher. Is.
- the above separation is performed at ° C.
- the temperature of steam is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, more preferably 50 ° C. or lower, still more preferably 47 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature of steam is preferably 25 ° C. or higher, more preferably 30 ° C. or higher, further preferably 40 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 43 ° C. or higher.
- the temperature of steam when performing vacuum steam distillation in step (A) is preferably 25 to 60 ° C, more preferably 30 to 60 ° C, further preferably 40 to 60 ° C, further preferably 40 to 50 ° C. More preferably, 43 to 50 ° C. is particularly preferable, and 43 to 47 ° C. is most preferable.
- the pressure and temperature in the apparatus for vacuum steam distillation are preferably 0.0025 to 0.02 MPa, preferably 25 to 60 ° C., and 0.004 to 0.013 MPa.
- the temperature is more preferably 30 to 50 ° C.
- the pressure is 0.006 to 0.013 MPa and the temperature is more preferably 40 to 50 ° C.
- the pressure is 0.0066 to 0.0123 MPa and the temperature is 43 to 50 ° C. in particular. preferable.
- the time for performing vacuum steam distillation or vacuum distillation is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the ethanol concentration of the residual liquid and the like.
- a mixture containing ethanol and an aroma component separated from the alcohol-containing beverage as a raw material and a residual liquid in which the ethanol and the aroma component are separated from the alcohol-containing beverage are obtained.
- the mixture is preferably a liquid from the viewpoint of workability in the step (B) described later.
- the extracted ethanol and aroma components are condensed by cooling to obtain a mixture containing ethanol and aroma components as a distillation solution.
- the residual liquid obtained in the step (A) has a lower concentration of ethanol and aroma components than the alcohol-containing beverage used.
- the residual liquid does not need to completely separate (remove) the ethanol and aroma components contained in the alcohol-containing beverage as the raw material, and may contain ethanol and / or the aroma components.
- the residual liquid obtained by separating ethanol and the aroma component from the alcohol-containing beverage can be used as it is or diluted with water or the like as desired and used in the production of a de-alcoholic beverage. From the viewpoint of flavor, it is preferable to use the residual liquid without diluting it.
- the ethanol concentration in the residual liquid obtained by separating ethanol and the aroma component from the alcohol-containing beverage obtained in the step (A) may be lower than that of the alcohol-containing beverage as a raw material, but is preferably 0.5 v / v%.
- ethanol concentration in the residual liquid may be 0.000 v / v% or more. It is preferable to separate ethanol and aroma components from the alcohol-containing beverage so that the ethanol concentration in the residual liquid is within the above range. When vacuum steam distillation or vacuum distillation is performed to separate ethanol and aroma components, it is preferable to carry out the distillation until the ethanol concentration in the residual liquid reaches the above concentration.
- the resin is brought into contact with the mixture containing the ethanol and the aroma component, and the aroma component is adsorbed on the resin.
- the resin one that adsorbs the above aroma component can be used, and it is preferable to use an adsorbed resin.
- the adsorption resin include synthetic adsorption resins such as aromatic resins (for example, styrene resins (styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers, etc.)) and methacrylic acid esters.
- a preferable example of the synthetic adsorption resin is a porous styrene resin having a specific surface area of 500 m 2 / g or more.
- the styrene-based resin is preferable as the adsorption resin, and a hydrophobic synthetic adsorption resin having a porous structure, a hydrophobic synthetic adsorption resin having no ion exchange group, and a hydrophilic adsorption resin having a slight ion exchange group are more preferable.
- adsorption resin for example, Muromac (registered trademark) SAP9121 and SAP9210 (both are Muromachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the aroma component can be adsorbed on the resin by passing a mixture containing ethanol and an aroma component through a column filled with the resin as described above.
- the mixture containing ethanol and the aroma component is a liquid, it is preferable that the mixture is passed through the resin preferably by 3 to 5 volumes to adsorb the aroma component. From the viewpoint of increasing the adsorption rate of the aroma component, the mixture can be passed a plurality of times.
- the aroma component can be adsorbed on the resin by putting the mixture and the resin in a container and stirring the mixture.
- ethanol is removed from the resin adsorbing the aroma component.
- Ethanol can be removed from the resin by washing the resin adsorbed with the aroma component with water.
- ethanol can be removed from the resin without eluting the aroma components.
- the resin adsorbing the aroma component may be brought into contact with water.
- water may be passed through the column filled with the resin. For example, it is preferable to pass water preferably 5 times or more, more preferably 10 times or more, still more preferably 10 to 50 times the volume of the resin.
- the temperature of water is preferably 25 ° C. or lower, more preferably 20 ° C. or lower, for example, 5 to 25 ° C., more preferably 5 to 20 ° C.
- the temperature of water is in the above range, the recovery rate of the aroma component is further improved. From the viewpoint of more sufficiently removing ethanol, it is preferable to remove as much water as possible from the resin after washing.
- the aroma component is recovered from the resin from which ethanol has been removed in the step (C).
- the aroma component can be recovered by eluting the aroma component from the resin.
- the use of water vapor is preferable because the recovery rate of the aroma component is good and the ethanol concentration in the obtained aroma component is not increased.
- a solution containing the aroma component can be obtained by bringing the water vapor into contact with the resin to elute the aroma component, and recovering and condensing the water vapor containing the aroma component.
- the solution containing the aroma component can be recovered by passing water vapor through the column filled with the resin and condensing the steam eluted from the column.
- the water vapor is preferably saturated water vapor.
- the temperature of steam is preferably 100 ° C. or higher.
- the temperature of water vapor is preferably 140 ° C. or lower, more preferably 130 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature of steam is preferably 100 to 140 ° C, more preferably 100 to 130 ° C.
- the pressure of water vapor is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.1 to 0.4 MPa, and even more preferably 0.1 to 0.3 MPa in gauge pressure. In one aspect, it is preferable to use saturated water vapor in which the pressure of water vapor is in the above range.
- the solution containing the aroma component and water obtained above can be used as it is in the step (E), but can be used by concentrating it as desired to increase the concentration of the aroma component or dilute it.
- the method of concentration is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of concentration using a back-penetrating film (RO film), a method of vacuum distillation, or the like can be used.
- the aroma component recovered in the step (D) is an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage as a raw material, and the flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage can be imparted by mixing with the beverage or the like.
- an aroma component substantially free of ethanol can be efficiently obtained.
- Substantially free of ethanol means that the ethanol concentration is less than 0.100 v / v%, preferably the ethanol concentration is 0.05 v / v% or less. Further, when the above resin is used for separating the aroma component and ethanol, the aroma component can be obtained with a high recovery rate.
- a de-alcoholic beverage is obtained by mixing the aroma component obtained above with the residual liquid obtained in the step (A).
- the mixing amount of the aroma component is not particularly limited, and may be the total amount or a part of the amount recovered in the step (D), and can be appropriately selected. Even if the aroma component obtained in the step (D) is mixed with the residual liquid, the ethanol concentration hardly increases with the mixing of the aroma component, so that the ethanol concentration is reduced and the flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage as the raw material is retained.
- the given dealcoholic beverage can be produced.
- the ethanol concentration of the dealcoholic beverage obtained in the step (E) is preferably 0.01 v / v% or less, more preferably 0.005 v / v% or less, and less than 0.005 v / v%. It is more preferable to have. According to the production method of the present invention, a dealcoholic beverage having an ethanol concentration reduced to the above range can be produced.
- the de-alcoholic beverage can also be said to be a low-alcohol beverage.
- the dealcoholic beverage obtained by the present invention is a beverage containing a residual liquid in which ethanol is separated from the alcohol-containing beverage as a raw material and the ethanol concentration is preferably reduced to less than 0.005 v / v%. Since the aroma component contained in the raw material is contained, the flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage before ethanol separation can be obtained.
- the method for producing a de-alcoholic beverage of the present invention is particularly preferably applied to beer, fruit liquor, and sake, and is particularly suitable for reducing ethanol in beer. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for example, when beer is used as a raw material, a dealcoholic beer having the original flavor of beer and having an ethanol concentration of less than 0.005 v / v% can be produced.
- the aroma component contained in the alcohol-containing beverage examples include acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, i-butanol, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol and the like in the case of beer.
- the content of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, i-butanol, isoamyl acetate and isoamyl alcohol from beer is contained in the beer used as a raw material. It is possible to produce dealcoholic beer which is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more with respect to the amount (100%).
- the de-alcoholic beverage obtained by the production method of the present invention can be suitably drunk as a beverage as it is. Further, by mixing the dealcoholic beverage obtained by the production method of the present invention with ethanol to adjust the ethanol concentration, an alcoholic beverage having a desired ethanol concentration (alcohol-containing beverage) can be produced.
- a method for producing an alcoholic beverage which comprises a step of mixing ethanol and a dealcoholic beverage produced by the above-mentioned production method of the present invention to adjust the ethanol concentration, is also one of the present inventions. Any alcohol-containing beverage containing ethanol can also be used for the addition of ethanol.
- the present invention also includes a method for producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a method for producing an aroma component).
- a method for producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage of the present invention ethanol and an aroma component were separated from the alcohol-containing beverage, and the mixture containing the ethanol and the aroma component and the ethanol and the aroma component were separated from the alcohol-containing beverage.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for producing an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage of the present invention.
- the steps (A) to (D) in the method for producing an aroma component of the present invention and their preferred embodiments are the same as the steps (A) to (D) and their preferred embodiments in the method for producing a dealcoholic beverage of the present invention described above. is there.
- the method for producing an aroma component of the present invention may include steps other than steps (A) to (D) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the aroma component obtained by the production method of the present invention and its preferred embodiment are the same as the aroma component obtained by the above-mentioned method for producing a de-alcoholic beverage and its preferred embodiment.
- the aroma component obtained by the production method of the present invention is an aroma component derived from an alcohol-containing beverage as a raw material, and can be mixed with a beverage or the like to impart the flavor of the alcohol-containing beverage.
- the alcohol-containing beverage used in the method for producing an aroma component of the present invention and its preferred embodiment are the same as the alcohol-containing beverage used in the method for producing a dealcoholic beverage and its preferred embodiment.
- an aroma component also referred to as an aroma component composition
- acetaldehyde ethyl acetate, i-butanol
- isoamyl acetate ethyl acetate
- isoamyl alcohol ethyl acetate
- Alc (%) means ethanol content (concentration) (v / v%).
- the ethanol content was measured by the following method.
- ⁇ Measurement method of ethanol content The ethanol content of the dealcoholic sample obtained from the alcoholic beverage and the sample such as the distillate (condensate) was measured by GC / MS (product name: 6890 series GC system, 5973 Network Mass Selective Detercter, manufactured by Agilent). The sample for measurement was analyzed by adding an internal standard (acetone) without pretreatment.
- the GC / MS measurement conditions are as follows.
- the calibration curve was prepared according to the order according to the ethanol concentration of the sample, and quantified. For example, when measuring a 0.005% sample, a calibration curve was prepared at 5 points (minimum 3 points) between 0.001 and 0.01%.
- LVC Low Volatile Compounds
- GC condition column DB-WAX (inner diameter 0.53 mm, length 30 m, film pressure 1 ⁇ m) (manufactured by Agilent Technologies)
- Gas flow rate helium 25Psi, hydrogen 47mL / min, Air 400mL / min
- Temperature rise 40 ° C (5 minutes) ⁇ 140 ° C (heat temperature at 40 ° C / min) ⁇ 140 ° C (1 minute)
- Detector FID Detector temperature: 200 ° C
- Sampling rate 40msec End time: 11 minutes
- Raw materials and equipment include commercially available beer (Alc 5.5%, hereinafter referred to as beer A), commercially available non-alcoholic beer (non-alcoholic beer made in foreign countries (countries other than Japan), Alc 0.5%, hereinafter non-alcoholic). Beer B) was used. Steam distillation under reduced pressure was carried out using a continuous countercurrent gas-liquid extraction device.
- Table 1 shows the ethanol concentration in the dealcoholic sample when the number of treatments was changed.
- the time of the reduced pressure steam distillation treatment was 10 minutes for each treatment. After three treatments, the ethanol concentration was 0.001 v / v%.
- Example 1 Examination of Separation Technique for Alcohol and Aroma in Distillate
- Beer A is the same as that used in Reference Example 1. Temperature: 30 ° C Absolute pressure: 0.0027 MPa Concentration: Carry out vacuum distillation until 500 mL of beer A reaches 300 mL (until 200 mL of distillate can be obtained from 500 mL of beer A).
- the resin was swollen and washed before use, and then 400 mL of the resin was filled in a column in order to adsorb the aroma component on the resin, and 1450 mL of the beer distillation solution obtained above was passed therethrough. The liquid was passed 5 times in order to increase the adsorption rate of the aroma component. Then, 4000 mL of pure water (20 ° C.) was flowed to remove the ethanol remaining in the column. After washing, the pure water remaining on the column was discharged as much as possible, and then the aroma components were recovered by steam. The aroma component was eluted from the resin by passing water vapor through the column.
- the conditions for recovering the aroma component were as follows: steam pressure of 0.2 MPa (gauge pressure) and steam of 100 ° C. or higher were used, and the steam was condensed by a condenser installed at the outlet of the column and recovered as an aroma solution. At the time of recovery, each 500 mL fraction was recovered, and a total of 8 L of aroma solution was recovered. The ethanol concentration of fractions 1 to 16 was measured.
- Table 4 shows the ethanol concentrations of fractions 1 to 16 when Muromac® SAP9121 was used. After fraction 2, the ethanol concentration was 0.002 v / v% or less. Even when Muromac (registered trademark) SAP9120 was used, the ethanol concentration was 0.002 v / v% or less after fraction 2.
- the content of the low boiling point compound (LVC) in the aroma solution (a solution in which fractions 1 to 16 were mixed) was analyzed, and the recovery rate (%) from the raw material was determined.
- This recovery rate is the ratio (%) of the amount of LVC contained in the aroma solution when the amount of LVC contained in the raw material is 100%.
- the recovery rate was higher when using Muromac® SAP9121 than when using SAP9120.
- Table 5 shows the recovery rate of the aroma component when Muromac (registered trademark) SAP9121 is used.
- FIG. 3 shows an outline of the flow of the separation test using the RO membrane.
- the RO membrane used selectively permeates ethanol and water, and the permeated liquid that has permeated the RO membrane contains ethanol and water, and also contains an aroma component to some extent.
- the separation conditions using the RO membrane are as follows.
- Beer distillate 2647 mL (add water to 18900 g and start)
- Ethanol concentration 12v / v% before water addition, 1.34v / v% after water addition
- Flow rate 5 mL / min Gauge pressure in the device: 2.4 to 3.0 MPa
- the low boiling point compounds shown in Table 5 are typical aroma components produced by fermentation.
- the aroma component and ethanol were separated using a resin, the recovery rate of the aroma component was higher than that of RO membrane separation. Moreover, when the resin was used, the aroma component and ethanol could be separated in a shorter time than when the RO membrane was used.
- Example 2 The recovered aroma component was added to the de-alcoholic sample, and the flavor-imparting effect was confirmed.
- the beer A used is the same as that used in Reference Example 1.
- a dealcoholic sample of beer was prepared from beer A by vacuum steam distillation. The reduced pressure steam distillation was carried out under the following conditions using the same equipment as in Reference Example 1.
- the ethanol concentration of the dealcoholic sample of the obtained beer (hereinafter referred to as the dealcohol sample (I)) was 0.001 v / v%.
- Raw material feed flow rate 30 mL / min Steam temperature: 45 ° C
- the aroma component was adsorbed on an adsorption resin (Muromac (registered trademark) SAP9121, Muromachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) in the same manner as in Example 1, and then The resin was washed with water and the aroma component was eluted with steam to obtain an aroma solution (Alc 0.02 v / v%).
- the obtained aroma solution was concentrated to prepare a concentrated aroma solution (Alc 0.048%). 45 mL of the concentrated aroma solution was mixed with 400 mL of the dealcohol sample (I) obtained above to obtain dealcoholic beer (II) having an ethanol concentration of 0.0048 v / v%.
- the dealcoholic sample (I) and the dealcoholic beer (II) were compared for the purpose of confirming whether the brewing-derived aroma could be imparted by adding the recovered aroma.
- Sensory evaluation was performed by 4 trained panelists (panels A to D).
- the evaluation items were beer-like brewed aroma (beer-like aroma generated by brewing), wort odor, and deteriorated flavor.
- Each sample was put in the mouth, and the above items were evaluated in 13 steps of 0 to 3 points in 0.25 point increments according to the following criteria, and then the average value of the paneler's scores was calculated.
- Wort odor is considered negative in non-alcoholic beer. Therefore, it can be said that the weaker the wort odor, the better the flavor.
- the deteriorated flavor is a flavor that has a negative effect on the heating odor and acidity generated by heating. When the components deteriorate due to the heat load applied during vacuum distillation, the deteriorated flavor and odor become stronger.
- Tables 6-8 The scores of each panelist and the average of the scores are shown in Tables 6-8.
- Table 6 shows the evaluation results of beer-like brewed aroma
- Table 7 shows the evaluation results of wort odor
- Table 8 shows the evaluation results of deteriorated flavor.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物と、上記アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液とを得る工程(A);樹脂と、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物とを接触させて、上記樹脂に上記アロマ成分を吸着させる工程(B);上記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂からエタノールを除去する工程(C);上記工程(C)でエタノールを除去した樹脂からアロマ成分を回収する工程(D);及び、上記工程(A)で得られる残留液と、上記工程(D)で得られるアロマ成分とを混合し、脱アルコール飲料を得る工程(E)を含む、脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔2〕上記アルコール含有飲料は、エタノール濃度が0.1~60v/v%である上記〔1〕に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔3〕上記アルコール含有飲料は、果実及び/又は穀類を原料とする醸造酒及び/又は蒸留酒である上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔4〕上記アルコール含有飲料は、ビール、果実酒又は清酒である上記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔5〕上記アルコール含有飲料は、ビールである上記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔6〕上記工程(E)で得られる脱アルコール飲料のエタノール濃度が0.005v/v%未満である上記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔7〕上記樹脂は、スチレン系樹脂である上記〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔8〕上記工程(C)において、上記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂を水で洗浄してエタノールを除去する上記〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔9〕上記工程(D)において、水蒸気により上記樹脂からアロマ成分を溶出させてアロマ成分を回収する上記〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかに記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔10〕上記〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載の製造方法により製造される脱アルコール飲料を用いるアルコール飲料の製造方法であって、上記脱アルコール飲料とエタノールとを混合してエタノール濃度を調整する工程を含む、アルコール飲料の製造方法。
〔11〕アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物と、上記アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液とを得る工程(A);樹脂と、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物とを接触させて、上記樹脂に上記アロマ成分を吸着させる工程(B);上記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂からエタノールを除去する工程(C);及び、上記工程(C)でエタノールを除去した樹脂からアロマ成分を回収する工程(D)を含む、アルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法。
図1は、本発明の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法の一例を示す工程図である。図中、EtOHはエタノールを意味する。
本発明の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で工程(A)~(E)以外の工程を含んでもよい。
本発明におけるアルコール含有飲料とは、エタノールを含有する飲料であり、エタノール濃度が通常0.1v/v%以上、好ましくは0.5v/v%以上、さらに好ましくは1v/v%以上、特に好ましくは3v/v%以上のものである。アルコール含有飲料のエタノール濃度は、60v/v%以下が好ましく、15v/v%以下がより好ましく、10v/v%以下がさらに好ましい。上限及び下限は、いずれの組み合わせによる範囲としてもよい。一態様において、アルコール含有飲料は、エタノール濃度が0.1~60v/v%であることが好ましく、0.1~15v/v%であることがより好ましく、0.5~10v/v%であることがさらに好ましく、1~10v/v%がさらにより好ましく、3~10v/v%が特に好ましい。エタノール濃度が上記範囲のアルコール含有飲料を用いると、上述した本発明の効果をより充分に発揮することができる。
エタノール濃度の測定は、ガスクロマトグラフ質量分析計(GC/MS)を用いる分析によって行うことができる。GC/MSの測定条件は、実施例に記載の条件を採用することができる。
アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離する方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、減圧水蒸気蒸留、減圧蒸留等の蒸留を用いることができる。本発明の一態様においては、アルコール含有飲料を減圧水蒸気蒸留又は減圧蒸留することによって、該飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む蒸留液(凝縮液)と、アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液を得ることができる。好ましくは減圧水蒸気蒸留により上記分離を行う。
例えば減圧水蒸気蒸留により上記分離を行う場合は、水蒸気の温度を好ましくは60℃以下、より好ましくは50℃以下、さらに好ましくは47℃以下とすることが好ましい。また、水蒸気の温度は25℃以上が好ましく、30℃以上がより好ましく、40℃以上がさらに好ましく、43℃以上が特に好ましい。一態様において、工程(A)において減圧水蒸気蒸留を行う際の水蒸気の温度は、25~60℃が好ましく、30~60℃がより好ましく、40~60℃がさらに好ましく、40~50℃がさらにより好ましく、43~50℃が特に好ましく、43~47℃が最も好ましい。
減圧水蒸気蒸留又は減圧蒸留を行う時間は特に限定されず、残留液のエタノール濃度等に応じて適宜設定することができる。
樹脂としては、上記アロマ成分を吸着するものを使用することができ、吸着樹脂を使用することが好ましい。吸着樹脂としては、芳香族系(例えば、スチレン系樹脂(スチレン-ジビニルベンゼン共重合等))、メタクリル酸エステル系等の合成吸着樹脂が挙げられる。合成吸着樹脂の好ましい一例として、比表面積が500m2/g以上である多孔性のスチレン系樹脂が挙げられる。中でも吸着樹脂として、スチレン系樹脂が好ましく、多孔構造のスチレン系樹脂であって、イオン交換基を有さない疎水性合成吸着樹脂、わずかにイオン交換基を有する親水性の吸着樹脂がより好ましい。このような吸着樹脂として、例えば、Muromac(登録商標)SAP9121、SAP9210(いずれも室町ケミカル株式会社)等を使用することができる。
樹脂からのエタノールの除去は、アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂を水で洗浄することにより行うことができる。本発明においては、上記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂を水で洗浄して当該樹脂からエタノールを除去することが好ましい。樹脂を水で洗浄すると、アロマ成分を溶出させずに樹脂からエタノールを除去することができる。水による洗浄は、アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂と水とを接触させればよい。カラム方式でアロマ成分を吸着させた場合は、該樹脂を充填したカラムに水を通液すればよい。例えば、樹脂に対して、体積で好ましくは5倍以上、より好ましくは10倍以上、さらに好ましくは10~50倍の水を通液することが好ましい。水の温度は、25℃以下が好ましく、20℃以下がより好ましく、例えば、5~25℃が好ましく、5~20℃がより好ましい。水の温度が上記範囲であると、アロマ成分の回収率がより向上する。エタノールをより充分に除去する観点から、洗浄後は、樹脂から洗浄に用いた水をできるだけ除くことが好ましい。
本発明により得られる脱アルコール飲料は、原料であるアルコール含有飲料からエタノールを分離して、エタノール濃度を好ましくは0.005v/v%未満に低減させた残留液が配合された飲料であり、また、原料に含まれるアロマ成分が含まれるため、エタノール分離前のアルコール含有飲料の香味を得ることができる。本発明の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法は、特に、ビール、果実酒、清酒に好適に適用され、中でもビールのエタノールの低減に好適である。本発明の好ましい一態様において、例えばビールを原料に使用した場合は、ビール本来の香味を有し、かつ、エタノール濃度が0.005v/v%未満である脱アルコールビールを製造することができる。
本発明のアルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法は、アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物と、上記アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液とを得る工程(A);樹脂と、上記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物とを接触させて、上記樹脂に上記アロマ成分を吸着させる工程(B);上記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂からエタノールを除去する工程(C);及び、上記工程(C)でエタノールを除去した樹脂からアロマ成分を回収する工程(D)を含む。
図2は、本発明のアルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法の一例を示す工程図である。本発明のアロマ成分の製造方法における工程(A)~(D)及びその好ましい態様は、上述した本発明の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法における工程(A)~(D)及びその好ましい態様と同じである。本発明のアロマ成分の製造方法は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で工程(A)~(D)以外の工程を含んでもよい。本発明の製造方法により得られるアロマ成分及びその好ましい態様は、上記の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法で得られるアロマ成分及びその好ましい態様と同じである。本発明の製造方法で得られるアロマ成分は、原料であるアルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分であり、飲料等に混合することにより該アルコール含有飲料が有する香味を付与することができるものである。
以下の実施例において、Alc(%)は、エタノール含有量(濃度)(v/v%)を意味する。エタノール含有量は下記の方法で測定した。
アルコール飲料から得られた脱アルコールサンプル、蒸留液(凝縮液)等のサンプルのエタノール含有量はGC/MS(製品名:6890series GC system、5973 Network Mass selective Detercter、Agilent社製)により測定した。測定用のサンプルは前処理を行うことなく、内部標準(アセトン)を添加して分析を実施した。GC/MSの測定条件は以下の通りである。なお検量線はサンプルのエタノール濃度によりオーダーを合わせて作製し、定量を行った。例えば0.005%のサンプルを測定する場合0.001~0.01%の間の5点(最低3点)で検量線を作製した。
ガス流量:2.8mL/min 平均線速度43cm/sec
昇温:50℃(15分)→240℃(120℃/minで昇温)→250℃(5分)
インジェクション:0.2μL
スプリット比 50:1
測定回数:n=2(同サンプルを2本用意)
LVC分析は以下の測定条件でGC(製品名:GC2010、SHIMADZU社製)で測定した。
GC条件
カラム:DB-WAX(内径0.53mm 長さ30m 膜圧1μm)(アジレント・テクノロジー(株)製)
ガス流量:ヘリウム25Psi、水素47mL/min、Air400mL/min
昇温:40℃(5分)→140℃(40℃/minで昇温)→140℃(1分)
検出器:FID
検出器温度:200℃
サンプリングレート:40msec
終了時間:11分
ヘッドスペースサンプラー条件
温度:ニードル(180℃)、トランスファー(180℃)、オーブン(40℃)
タイミング:加圧(10分)、注入(0.08分)、引き抜き(0.2分)、オーブン(36分)PII(18分)、サイクルタイム(18分)
キャリア:25Psi
注入方法:全量注入
LVCとして、発酵により生じる代表的なアロマ成分である、アセトアルデヒド、酢酸エチル、i-ブタノール、酢酸イソアミル、イソアミルアルコールの含有量を測定した。
減圧水蒸気蒸留を用いた脱アルコール
1.原料及び装置
原料には市販のビール(Alc5.5%、以下ビールAと記載する)、市販のノンアルコールビール(外国(日本以外の国)製のノンアルコールビール、Alc0.5%、以下ノンアルコールビールBと記載する)を用いた。減圧水蒸気蒸留は、連続式向流気液抽出装置を用いて実施した。
原料を上記装置に供給して減圧水蒸気蒸留を行い、蒸留後の残留液(脱アルコールサンプル)のエタノール濃度を測定した。
水蒸気蒸留で脱アルコールを行う場合、アルコール含有飲料の量に対する蒸気量が重要なパラメータであることがわかっていたため、ビール量に対する蒸気量を変えることができる処理回数、原料フィード流量、水蒸気温度をパラメータとして設定し、それぞれのパラメータと脱アルコールとの関係について検討を行った。
減圧水蒸気蒸留の処理回数を変えることで、減圧水蒸気蒸留処理時間を変化させた場合の効果について検討を行った。
複数回処理を行う場合は1回目の処理が終了した後、カラム底部のみ減圧状態を開圧し、回収した脱アルコールサンプルを再度カラム上部にアプライするという操作を行った。減圧水蒸気蒸留条件を以下の条件1に示す。カラム壁面温度、カラム底部温度を蒸気温度のよりも高くしているのは、同じ温度で実施するとカラム壁面及び底部に蒸気が凝縮するためである。なお、減圧水蒸気蒸留処理時間は、カラムの長さを変えることによっても変化させることができる。
原料:ビールA
総原料フィード量:300mL
原料フィード流量:30mL/min
カラム壁面温度:45℃
カラム底部温度:50℃
蒸気発生用フラスコ内温度:50℃
蒸気温度:40℃
カラム内圧力(絶対圧力):0.0066MPa
水蒸気温度が脱アルコールサンプルのエタノール濃度に与える影響を検討した。水蒸気の温度を上げることで蒸気密度が増すことから、ビールに対する水蒸気量を変えることができる。減圧水蒸気蒸留条件を以下の条件2に示す。処理回数は1回とした。水蒸気温度を変化させた場合の、脱アルコールサンプル中のエタノール濃度を表2に示す。
原料:ビールA
総原料フィード量:300mL
原料フィード流量:30mL/min
カラム壁面温度:45℃、55℃又は65℃(蒸気温度に合わせて設定)
カラム底部温度:55℃又は65℃(蒸気温度に合わせて設定)
蒸気発生用フラスコ内温度:50℃、60℃又は70℃(蒸気温度に合わせて設定)
蒸気温度:40℃、50℃又は60℃
カラム内圧力(絶対圧力):0.0066MPa、0.0123MPa又は0.0199MPa(蒸気温度に合わせて設定)
原料中のエタノール濃度等が脱アルコール後のサンプル中のエタノール濃度に与える影響について検討を行った。減圧水蒸気蒸留条件を以下の条件3に示す。処理回数は1回とした。結果を表3に示す。
原料:ビールA(Alc5.5%)、ノンアルコールビールB(Alc0.5%)
総原料フィード量:300mL
原料フィード流量:30mL/min、20mL/min又は10mL/min
カラム壁面温度:45℃
カラム底部温度:50℃
蒸気発生用フラスコ内温度:50℃
蒸気温度:44℃
カラム内圧力(絶対圧力):0.0066MPa
蒸留液中のアルコールとアロマの分離技術の検討
ビールAを減圧蒸留(エバポレーターを使用)することにより、エタノール及びアロマ成分を含むビール蒸留液(エタノール濃度12v/v%)を得た。減圧蒸留の条件は以下の通りである。ビールAは参考例1で使用したものと同じである。
温度:30℃
絶対圧力:0.0027MPa
濃縮度:ビールA500mLが300mLになるまで減圧蒸留を実施
(ビールA500mLから蒸留液を200mL取得できるまで実施)
実施例1で製造したビール蒸留液を用いて、RO膜を用いてエタノールを分離した。
装置はアルファラバル社製の平膜装置、RO膜はGEヘルスケア社製のGE FLAT SHEET AG(12×12)(1枚当たりの有効濾過面積0.018125m2)を用いた。図3に、RO膜を用いた分離試験のフロー概要を示す。使用したRO膜はエタノール及び水を選択的に透過させるものであり、RO膜を透過した透過液にはエタノール及び水が含まれ、アロマ成分もある程度は含まれる。
RO膜を用いた分離条件は以下のとおりである。ビール蒸留液は最初に加水し、容量を増量した状態からスタートし、加水後サンプルを分析した結果で回収率等を評価した。
ビール蒸留液:2647mL(加水して18900gにしてスタート)
エタノール濃度:加水前12v/v%、加水後1.34v/v%
流量:5mL/min
装置内ゲージ圧力:2.4~3.0MPa
回収したアロマ成分を脱アルコールサンプルに添加し、香味付与効果を確認した。使用したビールAは参考例1で使用したものと同じである。
ビールの脱アルコールサンプルは、ビールAから減圧水蒸気蒸留により作製した。減圧水蒸気蒸留は、参考例1と同じ装置を用い、以下の条件で行った。得られたビールの脱アルコールサンプル(以下、脱アルコールサンプル(I)という)のエタノール濃度は、0.001v/v%であった。
(減圧水蒸気蒸留の条件)
原料フィード流量:30mL/min
蒸気温度:45℃
カラム内圧力(絶対圧力):0.0066MPa
処理回数:上記条件にて2回
上記で得た脱アルコールサンプル(I)400mLに、濃縮アロマ溶液45mLを混合して、エタノール濃度が0.0048v/v%の脱アルコールビール(II)を得た。
(評価)
回収アロマを添加することで醸造由来の香りを付与することができるのかを確認する目的で、脱アルコールサンプル(I)及び脱アルコールビール(II)の比較を行った。
訓練されたパネラー4名(パネラーA~D)で、官能評価を実施した。評価項目はビールらしい醸造香(醸造で生じるビールらしい香り)、麦汁臭、劣化香味の3つとした。各試料を口に含み、下記の基準で0~3点で、0.25点刻みの13段階で、上記の項目を評価し、その後パネラーの評点の平均値を求めた。ノンアルコールビールにおいて麦汁臭はネガティブととらえられる。従って麦汁臭が弱い方が、香味がよいといえる。劣化香味とは、加熱により生じる加熱臭や酸味でネガティブな影響を与える香味である。減圧蒸留時に熱負荷がかかることで成分が劣化すると、劣化香味臭が強くなる。
0:ビールらしい醸造香を強く感じる
1:ビールらしい醸造香を感じる
2: ビールらしい醸造香をやや感じる
3: ビールらしい醸造香を感じない
0:麦汁臭を感じない
1:麦汁臭をやや感じる
2:麦汁臭を感じる
3:麦汁臭を強く感じる
0:劣化香味を感じない
1:劣化香味をやや感じる
2:劣化香味を感じる
3:劣化香味を強く感じる
Claims (11)
- アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、前記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物と、前記アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液とを得る工程(A);
樹脂と、前記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物とを接触させて、前記樹脂に前記アロマ成分を吸着させる工程(B);
前記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂からエタノールを除去する工程(C);
前記工程(C)でエタノールを除去した樹脂からアロマ成分を回収する工程(D);及び、
前記工程(A)で得られる残留液と、前記工程(D)で得られるアロマ成分とを混合し、脱アルコール飲料を得る工程(E)を含む、
脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。 - 前記アルコール含有飲料は、エタノール濃度が0.1~60v/v%である請求項1に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記アルコール含有飲料は、果実及び/又は穀類を原料とする醸造酒及び/又は蒸留酒である請求項1又は2に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記アルコール含有飲料は、ビール、果実酒又は清酒である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記アルコール含有飲料は、ビールである請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記工程(E)で得られる脱アルコール飲料のエタノール濃度が0.005v/v%未満である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂は、スチレン系樹脂である請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記工程(C)において、前記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂を水で洗浄してエタノールを除去する請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 前記工程(D)において、水蒸気により前記樹脂からアロマ成分を溶出させてアロマ成分を回収する請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の脱アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法により製造される脱アルコール飲料を用いるアルコール飲料の製造方法であって、前記脱アルコール飲料とエタノールとを混合してエタノール濃度を調整する工程を含む、アルコール飲料の製造方法。
- アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分を分離し、前記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物と、前記アルコール含有飲料からエタノール及びアロマ成分が分離された残留液とを得る工程(A);
樹脂と、前記エタノール及びアロマ成分を含む混合物とを接触させて、前記樹脂に前記アロマ成分を吸着させる工程(B);
前記アロマ成分を吸着した樹脂からエタノールを除去する工程(C);及び、
前記工程(C)でエタノールを除去した樹脂からアロマ成分を回収する工程(D)を含む、
アルコール含有飲料由来のアロマ成分の製造方法。
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US17/788,482 US20230049743A1 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | Method for producing de-alcoholized beverage, method for producing alcoholic beverage, and method for producing aroma component derived from alcohol-containing beverage |
AU2020413030A AU2020413030A1 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | Method for producing de-alcoholized beverage, method for producing alcoholic beverage, and method for producing aroma component derived from alcohol-containing beverage |
KR1020227025113A KR20220116287A (ko) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | 탈알코올 음료의 제조 방법, 알코올 음료의 제조 방법 및 알코올 함유 음료 유래의 아로마 성분의 제조 방법 |
CN202080089575.9A CN114867361B (zh) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | 脱酒精饮料的制造方法、酒精饮料的制造方法及来自含酒精饮料的芳香成分的制造方法 |
CA3165593A CA3165593A1 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | Method for producing de-alcoholized beverage, method for producing alcoholic beverage, and method for producing aroma component derived from alcohol-containing beverage |
JP2021567164A JPWO2021131636A1 (ja) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | |
EP20906434.4A EP4082358A4 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2020-12-07 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DEALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AROMATIC COMPONENT DERIVED FROM A BEVERAGE CONTAINING ALCOHOL |
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JPWO2021131636A1 (ja) | 2021-07-01 |
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