WO2021129654A1 - 冰箱 - Google Patents

冰箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021129654A1
WO2021129654A1 PCT/CN2020/138577 CN2020138577W WO2021129654A1 WO 2021129654 A1 WO2021129654 A1 WO 2021129654A1 CN 2020138577 W CN2020138577 W CN 2020138577W WO 2021129654 A1 WO2021129654 A1 WO 2021129654A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
evaporator
refrigerant
refrigerant pipe
compressor
defrosting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/138577
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
馆野恭也
小松肇
和田芳彦
Original Assignee
青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
Aqua 株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司, 海尔智家股份有限公司, Aqua 株式会社 filed Critical 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
Priority to EP20905168.9A priority Critical patent/EP4083547A4/en
Priority to CN202080090209.5A priority patent/CN114867977B/zh
Publication of WO2021129654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129654A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/002—Defroster control
    • F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/10—Sensors measuring the temperature of the evaporator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerator, in particular to a refrigerator that is defrosted by hot air defrosting.
  • the air cooled by the evaporator in the refrigeration cycle is blown to each storage compartment to cool each storage compartment to a desired refrigerating temperature range or freezing temperature range.
  • frost will form on the surface of the evaporator.
  • thick frost is formed on the surface of the evaporator, it will hinder the heat transfer between the evaporator and the air and the air supply. Therefore, during the operation of the refrigerator, the defrosting operation for defrosting the evaporator is periodically performed.
  • a defrost heater arranged below the evaporator is energized to melt and remove the frost that grows on the surface of the evaporator.
  • Hot air defrosting type refrigerator which performs a defrosting operation by supplying a high-temperature refrigerant compressed by a compressor of a refrigeration cycle to an evaporator.
  • the structure of the refrigerator can be simplified and the energy required for defrosting can be reduced.
  • Hot air defrost refrigerators are described in, for example, the following Patent Documents 1 to 4: [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent 5369157; [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent 4837068; [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent 5253223; [Patent Document 4 ] Japanese Patent 6545252.
  • the present invention aims to provide a refrigerator that prevents the backflow of liquid in the hot gas defrosting method.
  • the refrigerator of the present invention includes: a storage chamber; a cooling chamber to contain the air blown to the storage chamber; a refrigeration cycle, which has a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, through the evaporator Cooling the air contained in the cooling chamber; a defrosting heating unit that heats the evaporator for defrosting; and a control unit that controls the refrigeration cycle and the defrosting heating unit Action; wherein, when the evaporator is defrosted, the control unit heats the evaporator through the defrost heating unit, and will be compressed at the compressor without passing through the The refrigerant of the condenser is supplied to the evaporator.
  • the refrigerator of the present invention when the high-temperature refrigerant compressed at the compressor is supplied to the evaporator, since the evaporator is sufficiently heated by the defrost heating unit, the refrigerant at the evaporator can be prevented from liquefying.
  • the compressor, the condenser, the expansion device, and the evaporator are connected to each other via a refrigerant pipe;
  • a switching part is installed in the middle of the refrigerant pipe; the switching part has a refrigerant inlet, a first refrigerant discharge port, and a second refrigerant discharge port; the refrigerant pipe has a connection between the compressor and the switch
  • the first refrigerant piping of the refrigerant inlet port of the switching section connects the first refrigerant discharge port of the switching section and the second refrigerant piping of the condenser, and connects the condenser and the expansion
  • the third refrigerant pipe of the device connects the expansion device and the fourth refrigerant pipe of the evaporator, and connects the second refrigerant discharge port of the switching unit and the middle part of the fourth refrigerant pipe
  • the fifth refrigerant pipe and the sixth refrigerant pipe are thermally connected.
  • the fifth refrigerant pipe through which the high-temperature refrigerant compressed at the compressor flows and the sixth refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant passing through the evaporator flows are actively heated. Exchange can prevent the refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator from returning to the compressor in a liquid state.
  • the control unit responds to the evaporator when the refrigerant compressed by the compressor but not passed through the condenser is supplied to the evaporator
  • the temperature rises to increase the operating frequency of the compressor.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a freezing cycle of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 3(A) shows a cooling operation, and Fig. 3(B) shows a defrosting operation.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the connection structure of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing a defrosting method of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a timing chart showing the defrosting method of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refrigerator 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
  • the same symbols are attached to the same members in principle, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • the respective directions of up, down, front, back, left, and right are appropriately used, and left and right indicate left and right when the refrigerator 10 is viewed from the front.
  • the refrigerator 10 is exemplified as a refrigerator having a freezer compartment and a refrigerating compartment, but as the refrigerator 10, a refrigerator having only a freezer compartment or a refrigerator having only a refrigerating compartment may be adopted.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a refrigerator 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the right front side.
  • the refrigerator 10 has a heat insulation box 11 and a storage chamber formed inside the heat insulation box 11.
  • As the storage compartment there are a refrigerating compartment 12 and a freezing compartment 13 from the upper side.
  • the front opening of the refrigerating compartment 12 is closed by the heat-insulating door 18 in the upper part thereof, and is closed by the heat-insulating door 19 in the lower part thereof.
  • the front opening of the freezer compartment 13 is closed by the heat-insulating door 20 at the upper part thereof, and is closed by the heat-insulating door 21 at the lower part thereof.
  • the heat insulation door 18 is a revolving door, and the heat insulation door 19, the heat insulation door 20, and the heat insulation door 21 are pull-out doors.
  • FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the refrigerator 10 as a whole.
  • the heat-insulating box body 11 is composed of: an outer box 111 made of a steel plate bent into a predetermined shape; an inner box 112 made of a synthetic resin plate, which is arranged on the inner side separated from the outer box 111; and The insulating material 113 filled between the outer box 111 and the inner box 112.
  • a cooling chamber 115 is formed on the rear side of the freezing chamber 13, and the freezing chamber 13 and the cooling chamber 115 are partitioned by a partition 29.
  • the evaporator 164 as a cooler is arranged inside the cooling chamber 115.
  • a machine room 14 is partitioned and formed at the rear of the lower end side of the refrigerator 10, and the compressor 161 is arranged in the machine room 14.
  • the evaporator 164 and the compressor 161 form a refrigerant compression refrigeration cycle 16.
  • the refrigeration cycle 16 includes a compressor 161, a condenser 162 described later, an expansion device 163 described later, and an evaporator 164 described later.
  • the cold air inside the cooling chamber 115 is cooled by the evaporator 164, and the cold air is blown to each storage chamber, so that the temperature in each storage chamber reaches a predetermined cooling temperature range.
  • the components constituting the refrigeration cycle 16 are connected to each other by a refrigerant pipe 23 described later, and the refrigerant pipe 23 is made of a metal pipe such as a copper pipe. The structure of the refrigerant pipe 23 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and the like.
  • a blower 27 is arranged on the upper side of the evaporator 164.
  • the blower 27 is an axial blower or a centrifugal blower, and blows cold air inside the cooling compartment 115 cooled by the evaporator 164 to the refrigerating compartment 12 and the freezing compartment 13.
  • a defrost heating unit 117 is arranged below the evaporator 164.
  • the defrost heating unit 117 is a heater that generates heat when energized.
  • the evaporator 164 is effectively defrosted by using the hot gas defrosting and defrosting heating unit 117 in conjunction.
  • a covering device for closing the cooling chamber 115 at the time of defrosting is provided near the blower 27.
  • An air blowing passage 118 is formed upward from the cooling chamber 115.
  • An opening for blowing cold air out to the refrigerating compartment 12 is formed in the air blowing duct 118.
  • the cold air that has cooled the refrigerating compartment 12 returns to the cooling compartment 115 via the return air passage (not shown here), thereby cooling the refrigerating compartment 12 to a designated refrigerating temperature range.
  • a part of the blown cold air is blown to the freezing compartment 13 by the control unit 17 through the opening formed in the upper part of the partition 29, and the cold air that has cooled the freezing compartment 13 returns to the cooling chamber 115 from the opening formed in the lower part of the partition 29. Thereby, the freezing compartment 13 is cooled to the specified freezing temperature range.
  • the defrosting operation of the evaporator 164 is periodically performed.
  • the cooling of the refrigerating compartment 12 and the freezing compartment 13 by the refrigerating cycle 16 is stopped, the air supply by the blower 27 is stopped, and the hot gas defrosting by the refrigerating cycle 16 and the heating of the defrosting heating unit 117 are used to The evaporator 164 is defrosted. After the defrosting operation is over, the cooling action of the refrigerating compartment 12 and the freezing compartment 13 described above is restarted.
  • FIG. 3(A) is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle 16 at the time of the cooling operation
  • FIG. 3(B) is a schematic diagram showing the refrigeration cycle 16 at the time of the defrosting operation.
  • the structure of the refrigeration cycle 16 will be described with reference to FIG. 3(A).
  • the refrigeration cycle 16 mainly includes a compressor 161, a condenser 162, an expansion device 163, and an evaporator 164.
  • the components constituting the refrigeration cycle 16 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 23.
  • a switching part 22 is installed at the middle position of the refrigerant pipe 23.
  • the switching part 22 is a so-called three-way valve, and includes a refrigerant inlet port 221 through which refrigerant flows, a first refrigerant discharge port 222 and a second refrigerant discharge port 223 through which refrigerant selectively flows out.
  • the refrigerant pipe 23 includes a first refrigerant pipe 231, a second refrigerant pipe 232, a third refrigerant pipe 233, a fourth refrigerant pipe 234, a fifth refrigerant pipe 235, and a sixth refrigerant pipe 236.
  • the first refrigerant pipe 231 connects the compressor 161 and the refrigerant inlet 221 of the switching unit 22.
  • the second refrigerant pipe 232 connects the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching unit 22 and the condenser 162.
  • the third refrigerant pipe 233 connects the condenser 162 and the expansion device 163.
  • the fourth refrigerant pipe 234 connects the expansion device 163 and the evaporator 164.
  • the fifth refrigerant pipe 235 bypasses the second refrigerant discharge port 223 of the switching unit 22 and the middle portion of the fourth refrigerant pipe 234.
  • the sixth refrigerant pipe 236 connects the evaporator 164 and the compressor 161.
  • the fifth refrigerant pipe 235 is a bypass pipe for supplying the high-temperature refrigerant compressed at the compressor 161 to the evaporator 164 without passing through the condenser 162 and the expansion device 163.
  • the sixth refrigerant pipe 236, the fifth refrigerant pipe 235, the third refrigerant pipe 233, the expansion device 163, and the fourth refrigerant pipe 234 are in thermal contact with each other by waxing or the like. Thereby, during the defrosting operation, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing in the fifth refrigerant pipe 235 can raise the temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the sixth refrigerant pipe 236, and can prevent the liquid from returning.
  • the order of the refrigerant flow is the compressor 161, the first refrigerant pipe 231, the refrigerant inlet port 221 and the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching unit 22, the second refrigerant pipe 232, and the condenser 162 , The third refrigerant pipe 233, the expansion device 163, the fourth refrigerant pipe 234, the evaporator 164, the sixth refrigerant pipe 236, and the compressor 161.
  • the refrigerant does not pass through the condenser 162 and the expansion device 163, but is introduced into the evaporator 164 in the original state of high-temperature vapor. This is achieved by closing the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching part 22 while releasing the second refrigerant discharge port 223.
  • the order of refrigerant flow is compressor 161, first refrigerant pipe 231, refrigerant inlet 221 and second refrigerant discharge port 223 of switching unit 22, fifth refrigerant pipe 235, fourth refrigerant pipe 234, evaporation
  • the high-temperature refrigerant that does not pass through the condenser 162 and the expansion device 163 can flow to the evaporator 164, thereby melting the frost on the surface of the evaporator 164.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant passing through the fifth refrigerant pipe 235 can be used to cool the refrigerant in the evaporator 164 and return to the compressor 161. It heats up and vaporizes, and can prevent liquid backflow.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the connection structure of the refrigerator 10.
  • the control unit 17 is a calculation control element including a CPU, RAM, ROM, and the like.
  • the timer 26, the room temperature sensor 24, and the evaporator temperature sensor 25 are connected to the input terminals of the control unit 17.
  • the timer 26 measures the operating time and stop time of various components constituting the refrigerator 10, such as the compressor 161, the switching part 22, and the defrosting heating unit 117.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 24 measures the internal temperature of the refrigerating compartment 12 and the freezing compartment 13.
  • the evaporator temperature sensor 25 measures the temperature of the evaporator 164 or the cooling chamber 115.
  • the compressor 161, the switching unit 22, and the defrosting heating unit 117 are connected at the output terminal of the control unit 17.
  • the compressor 161 compresses the refrigerant
  • the switching unit 22 switches the flow direction of the refrigerant
  • the defrost heating unit 117 is an energized heater that heats the evaporator 164.
  • the control unit 17 executes designated calculation processing based on input information input from the timer 26, the room temperature sensor 24, and the evaporator temperature sensor 25, and controls the compressor 161, the switching unit 22, and the defrost heating unit 117 based on the calculation processing Operation or switching action.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the defrosting operation
  • FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing the defrosting operation. 6 shows the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25, the opening and closing of the first refrigerant discharge port 222, the opening and closing of the second refrigerant discharge port 223, and the opening/closing of the defrost heating unit 117 that generates heat by energization. , And the operating frequency of the compressor 161.
  • step S10 the control unit 17 starts the defrosting operation. That is, referring to FIG. 2, the blower 27 is stopped, the cooling operation by the refrigeration cycle 16 is stopped, and the cooling chamber 115 is closed with a damper or the like.
  • step S11 the control unit 17 determines whether the defrosting operation time measured by the timer 26 has passed a predetermined time, for example, 100 minutes. When the predetermined time has elapsed, that is, if step S11 is YES, the control unit 17 proceeds to step S22 and ends the defrosting operation. On the other hand, if the predetermined time has not elapsed, that is, if step S11 is no, the control unit 17 proceeds to step S12 and continues the defrosting operation.
  • a predetermined time for example, 100 minutes.
  • step S12 the control unit 17 energizes the defrost heating unit 117 and generates heat, closes the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching unit 22, and also closes the second refrigerant discharge port 223.
  • the compressor 161 since the compressor 161 is stopped, no refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 164.
  • Step S12 corresponds to T1 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S13 the control unit 17 determines whether the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 0°C or higher. If the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 0° C. or higher, that is, if step S13 is YES, the control unit 17 transfers to step S14. On the other hand, if the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is less than 0°C, that is, if step S13 is NO, the control unit 17 does not transfer to step S14, and the defrost heating unit 117 continues heating. Step S13 corresponds to T1 to T2 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S14 the control unit 17 ends the energization of the defrost heating unit 117, closes the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching unit 22, and opens the second refrigerant discharge port 223.
  • Step S14 corresponds to T2 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S15 the control unit 17 starts the operation of the compressor 161, and sets the frequency of the operation of the compressor 161.
  • the control unit 17 is set to "1".
  • step S16 the control unit 17 determines whether the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 2° C. or more. If the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 2° C. or higher, that is, if step S16 is YES, the control unit 17 shifts to step S17. On the other hand, if the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is lower than 2°C, that is, if the step S16 is NO, the control unit 17 does not transfer to the step S17. Step S16 corresponds to T2 to T3 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S17 the control unit 17 sets the operating frequency of the compressor 161. That is, the control unit 17 sets the operating frequency of the compressor 161, which was “1" in the above step S15, to "2". That is, double the rotation frequency of the compressor 161 and increase the flow rate of the high-temperature refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 164, or increase the operating frequency of the compressor 161 and double the flow rate of the high-temperature refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 164, Therefore, the hot gas defrosting method is defrosted more actively. Since the temperature of the evaporator 164 rises to about 2° C., even if the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 164 is increased, the liquid reflux is suppressed.
  • Step S16 corresponds to T3 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S18 the control unit 17 determines whether the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 4° C. or more. If the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 4° C. or higher, that is, if step S18 is YES, the control unit 17 shifts to step S19. On the other hand, if the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is lower than 4°C, that is, if the step S18 is NO, the control unit 17 does not transfer to the step S19. Step S19 corresponds to T3 to T4 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S19 the control unit 17 increases the operating frequency of the compressor 161 every time the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 increases by 2°C. That is, if the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 becomes 4° C. or more, as shown in T4 to T5 shown in FIG. 6, the operating frequency of the compressor 161 is changed to "3". In addition, if the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 becomes 6° C. or more, as shown in T5 to T6 shown in FIG. 6, the operating frequency of the compressor 161 is changed to "4". By doing so, the flow rate of the high-temperature refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 164 is increased, and the hot gas defrosting type defrosting operation is performed more actively.
  • step S20 the control unit 17 determines whether the temperature of the evaporator 164 measured by the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 8° C. or more. If the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is 8° C. or higher, that is, if step S20 is YES, the control unit 17 determines that the defrost has been sufficiently defrosted, and proceeds to step S21. On the other hand, if the temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 25 is lower than 8°C, that is, if step S20 is NO, the control unit 17 determines that the defrosting is insufficient, and returns to step S19. Step S20 corresponds to T5 to T6 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.
  • step S21 the control unit 17 ends the operation of the compressor 161, closes the first refrigerant discharge port 222 of the switching unit 22, closes the second refrigerant discharge port 223, and transfers to step S22 to end the defrosting operation.
  • Step S21 corresponds to T6 in the timing chart of FIG. 6.

Abstract

一种冰箱(10)，包括：冷藏室(12)；冷却室(115)，用以容纳被吹送至冷藏室(12)的空气；冷冻循环(16)；对蒸发器(164)进行加热以便除霜的除霜加热单元(117)；以及用于控制冷冻循环(16)和除霜加热单元(117)的动作的控制单元(17)。此外，在对蒸发器(164)进行除霜时，控制单元(17)控制除霜加热单元(117)对蒸发器(164)进行加热，并且将在压缩机(161)处被压缩的、且没有经过冷凝器(162)的制冷剂供给至蒸发器(164)。

Description

冰箱 技术领域
本发明涉及冰箱，尤其涉及通过热气除霜方式进行除霜的冰箱。
背景技术
在普通的冰箱中，通过将被冷冻循环中的蒸发器冷却的空气吹送到各储存室，以将各储存室冷却到希望的冷藏温度范围或冷冻温度范围。在使用冷冻循环持续冷却时，会在蒸发器的表面产生结霜。当在蒸发器的表面产生较厚的结霜时，会妨碍蒸发器与空气之间的传热以及送风。于是，在冰箱的运转期间，定期地实行对蒸发器进行除霜的除霜操作。
在一般的除霜操作中，向布置在蒸发器下方的除霜加热器通电以融化并除去长在蒸发器表面的霜。
另一方面，还出现了热气除霜式冰箱，其通过将冷冻循环的压缩机压缩的高温制冷剂供给至蒸发器来进行除霜操作。根据热气除霜式冰箱，由于不需要通过通电而发热，因此可以简化冰箱的结构，并且可以降低除霜所需的能量。在例如以下专利文献1至专利文献4中记载了热气除霜式冰箱：【专利文献1】日本特许5369157；【专利文献2】日本特许4837068；【专利文献3】日本特许5253223；【专利文献4】日本特许6545252。
在上面记载的一般的通过热气除霜的除霜中，由于高温制冷剂被引入蒸发器，因此由蒸发器冷却的制冷剂被液化了，发生液化后的制冷剂返回压缩机，可能会发生液体回流，并有降低压缩机的压缩效率的风险。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况，本发明旨在提供一种在热气除霜式的除霜方法中防 止液体回流的冰箱。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
本发明的冰箱，其包括：储存室；冷却室，用以容纳被吹送至所述储存室的空气；冷冻循环，其具有压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀装置以及蒸发器，通过所述蒸发器来对容纳在所述冷却室中的所述空气进行冷却；除霜加热单元，其对所述蒸发器进行加热以便除霜；以及控制单元，其控制所述冷冻循环以及所述除霜加热单元的动作；其中，在对所述蒸发器除霜时，所述控制单元通过所述除霜加热单元对所述蒸发器进行加热，并且将在所述压缩机处被压缩的、且没有经过所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器。藉此，根据本发明的冰箱，当在压缩机处被压缩的高温制冷剂被供给至蒸发器时，由于用除霜加热单元使蒸发器充分升温，因此可以防止蒸发器处的制冷剂液化。
此外，在本发明的冰箱中，所述压缩机、所述冷凝器、所述膨胀装置和所述蒸发器经由制冷剂配管而彼此连接；在连接所述压缩机和所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂配管处中间装有切换部；所述切换部具有制冷剂进入口、第一制冷剂排出口、以及第二制冷剂排出口；所述制冷剂配管具有连接所述压缩机和所述切换部的所述制冷剂进入口的第一制冷剂配管，连接所述切换部的所述第一制冷剂排出口和所述冷凝器的第二制冷剂配管，连接所述冷凝器和所述膨胀装置的第三制冷剂配管，连接所述膨胀装置和所述蒸发器的第四制冷剂配管，连接所述切换部的所述第二制冷剂排出口和所述第四制冷剂配管的中间部分的第五制冷剂配管，以及连接所述蒸发器和所述压缩机的第六制冷剂配管；通过所述控制单元关闭所述切换部的所述第一制冷剂排出口并打开所述第二制冷剂排出口，从而通过所述第五制冷剂配管将所述制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器。藉此，根据本发明的冰箱，利用作为例如三通阀的切换部的排出口切换的简易方法，可以将在压缩机处被压缩的高温制冷剂供给至蒸发器以进行除霜。
此外，在本发明的冰箱中，所述第五制冷剂配管和所述第六制冷剂配管热连接。藉此，根据本发明的冰箱，通过在压缩机处被压缩的高温制冷剂在其中流动的第五制冷剂配管和经过了蒸发器的制冷剂在其中流动的第六制冷剂配管积极地进行热交换，可以防止经过了蒸发器的制冷剂以液态回到压缩机。
此外，在本发明的冰箱中，所述控制单元在将被所述压缩机处压缩的、且没有经过所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器时、响应于所述蒸发器的温度上升而使所述压缩机的运转频率提高。藉此，根据本发明的冰箱，通过在除霜过程中缓慢提高压缩机的运转频率，可以进一步防止蒸发器处的高温制冷剂的液化。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的外观的立体图。
图2是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的内部结构的侧视截面图。
图3是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的冷冻循环的模式图，其中图3(A)示出了制冷操作，并且图3(B)示出了除霜操作。
图4是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的连接结构的框图。
图5是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的除霜方法的流程图。
图6是示出本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱的除霜方法的时序图。
其中，10--冰箱，11--隔热箱体，111--外箱，112--内箱，113--隔热材料，115--冷却室，117--除霜加热单元，118--送风通道，12--冷藏室，13--冷冻室，14--机械室，16--冷冻循环，161--压缩机，162--冷凝器，163--膨胀装置，164--蒸发器，17--控制单元，18--隔热门，19--隔热门，20-- 隔热门，21--隔热门，22--切换部，221--制冷剂进入口，222--第一制冷剂排出口，223--第一制冷剂排出口，23--制冷剂配管，231--第一制冷剂配管，232--第二制冷剂配管，233--第三制冷剂配管，234--第四制冷剂配管，235--第五制冷剂配管，236--第六制冷剂配管，24--室内温度传感器，25--蒸发器温度传感器，26--计时器，27--送风机，29--隔板。
具体实施方式
接下来基于附图来详细说明本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱10。在下面的说明中，原则上对同样的构件附加上同样的符号，并省略重复的说明。另外，在下面的说明中，适当地使用上、下、前、后、左和右的各方向，并且左和右指示的是在从前方看冰箱10时的左和右。此外，在本实施方式中，将冰箱10例示为具有冷冻室和冷藏室的冰箱，但是作为冰箱10，可以采用仅具有冷冻室的冰箱或仅具有冷藏室的冰箱。
图1是从右前侧来看的本发明的实施方式所涉及的冰箱10的立体图。冰箱10具有隔热箱体11和形成在隔热箱体11内部的储存室。作为储存室，从上侧开始具有冷藏室12和冷冻室13。冷藏室12的前方开口在其上段部分被隔热门18封闭，并且在其下段部分被隔热门19封闭。冷冻室13的前方开口在其上段部分被隔热门20封闭，并且在其下段部分被隔热门21封闭。隔热门18是旋转门，隔热门19、隔热门20和隔热门21是拉出门。
图2是整体地示出冰箱10的侧视截面图。隔热箱体11由以下部分构成：由弯曲加工成预定形状的钢板制成的外箱111；由合成树脂板制成的内箱112，其被布置在与外箱111隔开的内侧；以及填充在外箱111与内箱112之间的隔热材料113。
在冷冻室13的后侧形成有冷却室115，冷冻室13和冷却室115由隔板29来划分。作为冷却器的蒸发器164配设在冷却室115的内部。此外，在冰箱10的下端侧的后方划分形成有机械室14，压缩机161布置 在机械室14中。蒸发器164和压缩机161形成制冷剂压缩式冷冻循环16。具体来说，冷冻循环16包括压缩机161、稍后描述的冷凝器162、稍后描述的膨胀装置163、以及稍后描述的蒸发器164。通过使冷冻循环16运转，通过蒸发器164对冷却室115内部的冷空气进行冷却，将该冷空气吹送至各储存室，并使各储存室内的温度达到预定的冷却温度范围。构成冷冻循环16的各部件通过稍后描述的制冷剂配管23而相互连接，制冷剂配管23由铜管之类的金属管制成。参照图3等来说明制冷剂配管23的结构。
在冷却室115的内部，在蒸发器164的上侧布置有送风机27。送风机27是轴流送风机或离心送风机，并且将由蒸发器164冷却的冷却室115内部的冷空气吹送至冷藏室12和冷冻室13。
在冷却室115的内部，在蒸发器164的下方布置有除霜加热单元117。除霜加热单元117是在通电时发热的加热器。在本实施方式中，如稍后描述的那样，通过配合地使用热气除霜和除霜加热单元117来有效地对蒸发器164进行除霜处理。此外，尽管此处未图示，但是在送风机27附近配设有用于在除霜时封闭冷却室115的遮盖装置。
从冷却室115向上形成送风通道118。送风通道118中形成有用于将冷空气吹出到冷藏室12的开口。冷却了冷藏室12的冷空气经由回风通道(此处未图示)而返回到冷却室115，藉此将冷藏室12冷却至指定的冷藏温度范围。
由控制单元17将吹送的冷空气的一部分借助于形成在隔板29上部的开口吹送至冷冻室13，并且冷却了冷冻室13的冷空气从形成在隔板29下部的开口返回冷却室115。藉此将冷冻室13冷却至指定的冷冻温度范围。
在通过冷冻循环16持续对冷藏室12和冷冻室13进行冷却时，在蒸发器164处产生结霜并阻碍蒸发器164的传热和空气流动，因此，定期进行蒸发器164的除霜操作。在除霜操作中，停止通过冷冻循环16对冷 藏室12和冷冻室13的冷却，停止通过送风机27的送风，并且利用通过冷冻循环16进行的热气除霜和除霜加热单元117的加热来对蒸发器164进行除霜。在除霜操作结束后，重新开始前面描述的对冷藏室12和冷冻室13的冷却动作。
参照图3来说明冷冻循环16的结构。图3(A)是示出冷却操作时的冷冻循环16的模式图，并且图3(B)是示出除霜操作时的冷冻循环16的模式图。
参照图3(A)来说明冷冻循环16的结构。冷冻循环16主要包括压缩机161、冷凝器162、膨胀装置163、以及蒸发器164。作为膨胀装置163，可以采用毛细管或膨胀阀。构成冷冻循环16的各部件以制冷剂配管23来连接。
在制冷剂配管23的中间位置处装有切换部22。切换部22是所谓的三通阀，并且包括制冷剂流入的制冷剂进入口221、制冷剂选择性地流出的第一制冷剂排出口222和第二制冷剂排出口223。
制冷剂配管23包括第一制冷剂配管231、第二制冷剂配管232、第三制冷剂配管233、第四制冷剂配管234、第五制冷剂配管235和第六制冷剂配管236。第一制冷剂配管231连接压缩机161和切换部22的制冷剂进入口221。第二制冷剂配管232连接切换部22的第一制冷剂排出口222和冷凝器162。第三制冷剂配管233连接冷凝器162和膨胀装置163。第四制冷剂配管234连接膨胀装置163和蒸发器164。第五制冷剂配管235旁路连接切换部22的第二制冷剂排出口223和第四制冷剂配管234的中间部分。第六制冷剂配管236连接蒸发器164和压缩机161。此处，第五制冷剂配管235是旁通管，其用于将在压缩机161处被压缩的高温制冷剂不经冷凝器162和膨胀装置163而供给至蒸发器164。
第六制冷剂配管236、第五制冷剂配管235、第三制冷剂配管233、膨胀装置163、和第四制冷剂配管234通过打蜡等而彼此热接触。藉此，在除霜操作时，在第五制冷剂配管235中流动的高温制冷剂可以使在第 六制冷剂配管236中流动的制冷剂升温，并且可以防止液体回流。
在冷却操作时，制冷剂流动的顺序是压缩机161、第一制冷剂配管231、切换部22的制冷剂进入口221以及第一制冷剂排出口222、第二制冷剂配管232、冷凝器162、第三制冷剂配管233、膨胀装置163、第四制冷剂配管234、蒸发器164、第六制冷剂配管236、以及压缩机161。
参照图3(B)，在热气除霜方法的除霜操作时，制冷剂不经过冷凝器162和膨胀装置163，而是以原本的高温蒸气的状态被引入蒸发器164。这是通过关闭切换部22的第一制冷剂排出口222同时释放第二制冷剂排出口223来实现的。制冷剂流动的顺序是压缩机161、第一制冷剂配管231、切换部22的制冷剂进入口221以及第二制冷剂排出口223、第五制冷剂配管235、第四制冷剂配管234、蒸发器164、第六制冷剂配管236、以及压缩机161。
通过这样的制冷剂流动方式，可以使不经冷凝器162和膨胀装置163的高温制冷剂流到蒸发器164，藉此可以融化长在蒸发器164表面的霜。此外，由于第六制冷剂配管236和第五制冷剂配管235的热接触，因此可以用通过第五制冷剂配管235的高温制冷剂来使在蒸发器164中冷却并返回压缩机161的制冷剂升温并汽化，并且可以防止液体回流。
图4是示出冰箱10的连接结构的框图。
控制单元17是包含CPU、RAM、ROM等的计算控制元件。
计时器26、室内温度传感器24、和蒸发器温度传感器25连接在控制单元17的输入端子处。计时器26测量构成冰箱10的各种部件的工作时间和停止时间，所述各种部件例如压缩机161、切换部22、以及除霜加热单元117。室内温度传感器24测量冷藏室12和冷冻室13的内部温度。蒸发器温度传感器25测量蒸发器164或冷却室115的温度。
压缩机161、切换部22、和除霜加热单元117连接在控制单元17的输出端子处。压缩机161压缩制冷剂，切换部22切换制冷剂的流动方向，并且除霜加热单元117是对蒸发器164进行加热的通电式加热器。
控制单元17基于从计时器26、室内温度传感器24和蒸发器温度传感器25输入的输入信息来实行指定的计算处理，并且基于该计算处理来控制压缩机161、切换部22和除霜加热单元117的运行或切换动作。
参照图5和图6来说明具有上述结构的冰箱10中的除霜操作。图5是示出除霜操作的流程图，并且图6是示出除霜操作的时序图。图6中示出了蒸发器温度传感器25的温度、第一制冷剂排出口222的开闭、第二制冷剂排出口223的开闭、通过通电而发热的除霜加热单元117的打开/关闭、以及压缩机161的工作运转频率。
在步骤S10中，控制单元17开始除霜操作。即，参照图2，停止送风机27，停止由冷冻循环16进行的冷却操作，并且用风门之类的来封闭冷却室115。
在步骤S11中，控制单元17判断由计时器26测量的除霜操作时间是否经过了预定时间，例如100分钟。在经过了预定时间时，即，若步骤S11为是，则控制单元17进入步骤S22，并结束除霜操作。另一方面，若没有经过预定时间，即，若步骤S11为否，则控制单元17进入步骤S12，并继续进行除霜操作。
在步骤S12中，控制单元17使除霜加热单元117通电并发热，关闭切换部22的第一制冷剂排出口222，并且也关闭第二制冷剂排出口223。此时，由于压缩机161停止，因此没有制冷剂被供给至蒸发器164。通过这样做，参照图2，通过除霜加热单元117使冷却室115和蒸发器164变暖，蒸发器164的结霜缓慢融化，并且蒸发器164和冷却室115还进一步升温。步骤S12对应于图6的时序图中的T1。
在步骤S13中，控制单元17判断由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度是否为0℃以上。若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为0℃或以上，即，若步骤S13为是，则控制单元17转移至步骤S14。另一方面，若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度未满0℃，即，若步骤S13为否，则控制单元17不转移至步骤S14，并且通过除霜加热单元117继续进行 加热。步骤S13对应于图6的时序图中的T1至T2。
在步骤S14中，控制单元17结束对除霜加热单元117的通电，关闭切换部22的第一制冷剂排出口222，并且打开第二制冷剂排出口223。步骤S14对应于图6的时序图中的T2。
在步骤S15中，控制单元17开始压缩机161的运转，并设置压缩机161运转的频率。此处，如图6的时序图所示，控制单元17设置为“1”。
在步骤S16中，控制单元17判断由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度是否为2℃或以上。若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为2℃或以上，即，若步骤S16为是，则控制单元17转移至步骤S17。另一方面，若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为低于2℃，即，若步骤S16为否，则控制单元17不转移至步骤S17。步骤S16对应于图6的时序图中的T2至T3。
在步骤S17中，控制单元17设定压缩机161的运转频率。即，控制单元17使在上述步骤S15中为“1”的压缩机161的运转频率设定为“2”。即，将压缩机161的旋转频率加倍并增大供给至蒸发器164的高温制冷剂的流量，或者是增大压缩机161的运转频率并使供给至蒸发器164的高温制冷剂的流量加倍，从而更积极地进行热气除霜方法的除霜。由于蒸发器164的温度上升至2℃左右，因此即使增大供给至蒸发器164的制冷剂的流量，也会抑制液体回流。步骤S16对应于图6的时序图中的T3。
在步骤S18中，控制单元17判断由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度是否为4℃或以上。若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为4℃或以上，即，若步骤S18为是，则控制单元17转移至步骤S19。另一方面，若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为低于4℃，即，若步骤S18为否，则控制单元17不转移至步骤S19。步骤S19对应于图6的时序图中的T3至T4。
在步骤S19中，由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度每 上升2℃控制单元17就使压缩机161的运转频率上升。即，若由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度变为4℃或以上，如图6中所示的T4至T5所示，则使压缩机161的运转频率变为“3”。此外，若由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度变为6℃或以上，如图6中所示的T5至T6所示，则使压缩机161的运转频率变为“4”。通过这样做，增大了供给至蒸发器164的高温制冷剂的流量，并更加积极地进行热气除霜式的除霜操作。
在步骤S20中，控制单元17判断由蒸发器温度传感器25测量的蒸发器164的温度是否为8℃或以上。若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为8℃或以上，即，若步骤S20为是，则控制单元17判断已充分除霜，并转移至步骤S21。另一方面，若蒸发器温度传感器25的温度为低于8℃，即，若步骤S20为否，则控制单元17判断除霜不充分，并返回步骤S19。步骤S20对应于图6的时序图中的T5至T6。
在步骤S21中，控制单元17结束压缩机161的运转，关闭切换部22的第一制冷剂排出口222，关闭第二制冷剂排出口223，并且转移至步骤S22以结束除霜操作。步骤S21对应于图6的时序图中的T6。
若如上所述的蒸发器164的除霜结束了，重新开始通过冷冻循环16的冷却操作以对冷藏室12和冷冻室13进行冷却。
本发明不限于上述实施方式，除此之外，不脱离本发明的要旨的范围的情况下，各种变更实施都是可能的。此外，上述各种形态可以彼此组合。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种冰箱，其特征在于，包括：
    储存室；
    冷却室，用以容纳被吹送至所述储存室的空气；
    冷冻循环，其具有压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀装置、以及蒸发器，通过所述蒸发器来对容纳在所述冷却室中的所述空气进行冷却；
    除霜加热单元，其对所述蒸发器进行加热以便除霜；以及
    控制单元，其控制所述冷冻循环以及所述除霜加热单元的动作；
    其中，在对所述蒸发器除霜时，所述控制单元控制所述除霜加热单元对所述蒸发器进行加热，并且将在所述压缩机处被压缩的、且没有经过所述冷凝器的制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冰箱，其特征在于，
    所述压缩机、所述冷凝器、所述膨胀装置和所述蒸发器经由制冷剂配管而彼此连接；
    在连接所述压缩机和所述冷凝器的所述制冷剂配管的中间处装有切换部；
    所述切换部具有制冷剂进入口、第一制冷剂排出口、以及第二制冷剂排出口；
    所述制冷剂配管具有连接所述压缩机和所述切换部的所述制冷剂进入口的第一制冷剂配管，连接所述切换部的所述第一制冷剂排出口和所述冷凝器的第二制冷剂配管，连接所述冷凝器和所述膨胀装置的第三制冷剂配管，连接所述膨胀装置和所述蒸发器的第四制冷剂配管，连接所述切 换部的所述第二制冷剂排出口和所述第四制冷剂配管的中间部分的第五制冷剂配管，以及连接所述蒸发器和所述压缩机的第六制冷剂配管；并且
    通过所述控制单元关闭所述切换部的所述第一制冷剂排出口并打开所述第二制冷剂排出口，从而通过所述第五制冷剂配管将制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冰箱，其特征在于，
    所述第五制冷剂配管和所述第六制冷剂配管热连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1至权利要求3中的任一项所述的冰箱，其特征在于，所述控制单元，
    在将在所述压缩机处被压缩的、且没有经过所述冷凝器的制冷剂供给至所述蒸发器时，
    响应于所述蒸发器的温度上升而使所述压缩机的运转频率提高。
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