WO2021129580A1 - 一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021129580A1
WO2021129580A1 PCT/CN2020/138121 CN2020138121W WO2021129580A1 WO 2021129580 A1 WO2021129580 A1 WO 2021129580A1 CN 2020138121 W CN2020138121 W CN 2020138121W WO 2021129580 A1 WO2021129580 A1 WO 2021129580A1
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compound
formula
preparation
sulfate
isaconazolium
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PCT/CN2020/138121
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English (en)
French (fr)
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安晓霞
赵楠
靳家玉
胡靖宇
胡文军
魏俊杰
李孟龙
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上海迪赛诺生物医药有限公司
上海创诺制药有限公司
上海迪赛诺药业股份有限公司
上海迪赛诺化学制药有限公司
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Priority to CA3162578A priority Critical patent/CA3162578A1/en
Priority to EP20908257.7A priority patent/EP4083039A4/en
Priority to US17/789,095 priority patent/US20230075632A1/en
Priority to AU2020414895A priority patent/AU2020414895B2/en
Publication of WO2021129580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129580A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal chemistry, and specifically relates to a preparation method of isaconazolium sulfate.
  • Isaconazolium sulfate chemical name 1-[[N-methyl-N-3-[(methylamino)acetoxymethyl]pyridin-2-yl]carbamoyloxy]ethyl- 1-[(2R,3R)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-[4-(4-cyanophenyl)thiazol-2-yl]butyl]-1H -[1,2,4]triazole-4-onium sulfate, jointly developed by Astellas and Basilea, was approved by the US FDA on March 6, 2015 for treatment Adult patients with invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis.
  • Isaconazolium sulfate is structurally composed of two fragments: the core part and the side chain structure.
  • the core is the pharmacologically active part, namely isaconazole
  • the side chain structure part is a hydrophilic structural fragment, which can improve its physical and chemical properties and increase its water solubility after docking with isaconazole.
  • isaconazolium iodonium anion salt is obtained, and then it is converted into a chloride anion salt compound by ion exchange, and then the protective group is removed, and then finally converted into isaconazolium monosulfuric acid. salt.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new preparation method of isaconazolium sulfate that does not require the use of ion exchange resins, is easy to purify, stabilizes intermediates and is not easy to produce by-products, and is simple to operate.
  • reaction of step (i) is carried out in a first mixed solvent
  • the first mixed solvent is a mixed solvent composed of water and a first organic solvent.
  • the first organic solvent is selected from: ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, dichloromethane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, or a combination thereof.
  • the volume ratio of the water to the first organic solvent is (0.5-5):1; preferably, (0.8-3):1; more preferably, (1-2) :1.
  • step (i) the molar ratio of hydrogen sulfate ion to the compound of formula V is (3-50):1; preferably, (5-30):1; more preferably, It is (10 ⁇ 20):1.
  • step (i) the compound that provides hydrogen sulfate ions is selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, hydrogen sulfate, sulfate, or a combination thereof.
  • the hydrogen sulfate is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogen sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium hydrogen sulfate, or a combination thereof.
  • the sulfate is selected from the following group: sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, calcium sulfate, or a combination thereof.
  • step (i) the reaction is carried out at 0-20°C (preferably, at 0-15°C; more preferably, at 0-10°C.
  • step (i) also includes a first treatment step for separating and/or purifying isaconazolium sulfate.
  • the first treatment step includes: liquid separation treatment to obtain an aqueous phase, removal of inorganic small molecule salt impurities, and treatment (preferably, freeze-drying treatment) to obtain isaconazolium sulfate.
  • the inorganic small molecule salt impurities are removed by adsorption and desorption treatment.
  • liquid separation treatment to obtain the water phase it optionally further includes the step of adding water for extraction.
  • the first treatment step includes: separating liquid to obtain an aqueous phase, performing adsorption and desorption treatment on the aqueous phase, and obtaining isaconazolium sulfate from the eluate obtained from the desorption treatment. .
  • the adsorption is physical adsorption.
  • the adsorbent used for adsorption is selected from the following group: silica gel, macroporous adsorption resin, or a combination thereof.
  • the adsorption and desorption treatment in the first treatment step before performing the adsorption and desorption treatment in the first treatment step, it further includes a step of extracting the aqueous phase obtained by liquid separation with an extractant.
  • the extraction agent is selected from ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, dichloromethane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, isopropyl ether, n-heptane, or a combination thereof.
  • the method further includes: removing the organic phase in the deliquation (preferably, removing the organic phase in the eluate by concentration), and then adopting a freeze-drying method Isaconazolium sulfate was obtained from the concentrated eluate.
  • the organic phase in the eluent is mainly the eluent used for desorption (for example, ⁇ 50% by volume or ⁇ 80% by volume in the organic phase is the eluent).
  • the eluent used for desorption is selected from the group consisting of alcohol organic solvents, ketone organic solvents, ether organic solvents, ester organic solvents, halogenated alkane organic solvents, hydrocarbon organic solvents, aromatics Organic solvent, or a combination thereof.
  • the eluent used for desorption is selected from the following group: methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, dichloromethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, Isopropyl ether, toluene, n-heptane, or a combination thereof.
  • step (i) includes the steps:
  • step (i-2) includes the steps:
  • step (i-2-1) Liquid separation treatment is performed on the isaconazolium sulfate-containing mixture obtained in step (i-1), so as to obtain an aqueous phase containing isaconazolium sulfate;
  • step (i-2-2) Adsorption (preferably, physical adsorption) and desorption treatment (preferably, for step (i-2-1) containing isaconazolium sulfate-containing aqueous phase i-2-1)
  • the obtained isaconazolium sulfate-containing aqueous phase is subjected to extraction treatment with an extractant, and then subjected to adsorption (preferably, physical adsorption) and desorption treatment) to obtain esa-containing Conazolium sulfate eluent; and
  • the treatment refers to freeze-drying treatment.
  • the preparation method further includes a preparation step of the compound of formula V;
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula V includes the steps:
  • the compound of formula IV is subjected to a deprotection reaction, thereby obtaining a compound of formula V.
  • the tert-butyl ion trapping agent is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, malononitrile, benzonitrile, thiophenol, and p-methoxythiophenol , Methyl thiophenol, phenol, cresol, anisole, dimethyl sulfide, anisole, dimethyl sulfide, or a combination thereof.
  • the volume molar ratio (ml/mmol) of the tert-butyl ion trapping agent to the compound of formula IV is (0.2-10):1; preferably, It is (0.5 ⁇ 8):1; more preferably, it is (0.5 ⁇ 2):1.
  • the deprotection reaction is carried out in the presence of water.
  • the deprotection reaction is carried out in the presence of a tert-butyl ion trapping agent, trifluoroacetic acid and water.
  • the water is added to the reaction system in the form of an aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid.
  • the mass ratio of trifluoroacetic acid to the total amount of water and trifluoroacetic acid is (0.80 ⁇ 0.99):1; preferably, it is (0.85 ⁇ 0.98): 1; More preferably, it is (0.90 ⁇ 0.98):1.
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula V includes the step of deprotecting the compound of formula IV in the presence of a tert-butyl ion trapping agent and an aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid to obtain Compound of formula V.
  • the content of trifluoroacetic acid in the aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid is 80-99wt%; preferably, 85-98wt%; more preferably, 90 ⁇ 98wt%.
  • the molar ratio of trifluoroacetic acid to the compound of formula IV is (1 to 200):1; preferably, (1 to 100):1; more preferably, (10 ⁇ 80):1; best, (20 ⁇ 60):1.
  • the reaction temperature of the deprotection reaction is -10-40°C; preferably, 10-40°C; more preferably, 20-30°C.
  • the deprotection reaction is carried out in a second inert solvent.
  • the second inert solvent is selected from the following group: dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, or a combination thereof.
  • the volume molar ratio (ml:mmol) of the second inert solvent to the compound of formula IV is (1-15):1; preferably, it is (1-10 ):1; more preferably, (1 ⁇ 5):1; most preferably, (2 ⁇ 3):1.
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula V further includes a second processing step for separating the compound of formula V.
  • the second treatment step includes: optional dilution, water washing (preferably, water washing until the pH is between 4-6), drying and concentration.
  • the solvent used for the dilution is selected from dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether, or a combination thereof.
  • the amount of solvent used for dilution is that the volume molar ratio of the solvent used for dilution to the compound of formula IV is (1-15):1; preferably, it is (1-10 ):1; more preferably, (1 ⁇ 5):1; most preferably, (2 ⁇ 3):1.
  • the second treatment step includes the steps of adding a solvent used for dilution to dilute the mixture containing the compound of formula V, washing the organic phase with water, drying the organic phase, and concentrating to obtain the compound of formula V.
  • the organic phase is washed until the pH of the aqueous phase is 4-6.
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula V includes the steps:
  • the preparation method further includes a preparation step of the compound of formula IV;
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula IV includes the steps:
  • the compound of formula III and the trifluoroacetate ion are subjected to anion exchange reaction, thereby obtaining the compound of formula IV;
  • the third mixed solvent is a mixed solvent composed of water and a third organic solvent
  • X - is an anion selected from the group consisting of: Cl -, I -, HSO 4 -, 0.5SO 4 2-, or a combination thereof.
  • the trifluoroacetate ion is provided by a compound selected from the group consisting of trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoroacetate, or a combination thereof.
  • the trifluoroacetate is selected from: sodium trifluoroacetate, potassium trifluoroacetate, ammonium trifluoroacetate, magnesium trifluoroacetate, lithium trifluoroacetate, Or a combination.
  • the third organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, dichloromethane, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, or combination.
  • the volume ratio of water to the third organic solution is 1:(0.1-10); preferably, it is 1:(0.5-5).
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula IV further includes a third processing step for separating the compound of formula IV.
  • the third treatment step includes: liquid separation, optionally drying and concentrating the organic phase.
  • the preparation step of the compound of formula IV includes the following steps:
  • step (1.2) Mixing the solution of step (1.1) with an aqueous solution containing trifluoroacetate ions to obtain a third mixed system containing the compound of formula IV;
  • the aqueous solution containing trifluoroacetate ion refers to an aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoroacetate or a combination thereof.
  • step (1.2) the content of trifluoroacetate ion in the aqueous solution containing trifluoroacetate ion is 5-15 wt%.
  • the compound of formula III and the trifluoroacetate ion are subjected to anion exchange reaction, thereby obtaining the compound of formula IV;
  • the third mixed solvent is a mixed solvent composed of water and a third organic solvent
  • X - is an anion selected from the group consisting of: Cl -, I -, HSO 4 -, 0.5SO 4 2-, or combinations thereof;
  • the compound of formula V is reacted in the presence of a compound that provides hydrogen sulfate ions, thereby obtaining isaconazolium sulfate as shown in formula VI.
  • step (1) is the same as the preparation step of the compound of formula IV described in the first aspect.
  • step (2) is the same as the preparation step of the compound of formula V described in the first aspect.
  • step (3) is the same as step (i) described in the first aspect.
  • the method further includes the steps before step (1):
  • step (0) is carried out in the presence of sodium iodide.
  • the fourth inert solvent is acetonitrile.
  • step (0) includes the steps:
  • the acid used for pickling is selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or a combination thereof.
  • isaconazolium sulfate which is prepared by the method described in the first aspect, the method described in the second aspect, or Prepared as described in the third aspect.
  • an intermediate for preparing isaconazolium sulfate is provided, and the intermediate is shown in formula V
  • the inventors unexpectedly found that the compound of formula V with trifluoroacetate anion is particularly suitable for efficient conversion to isaconazolium sulfate in the presence of a compound that provides hydrogen sulfate ion or hydrogen sulfate ion. Salt, and the obtained isaconazolium sulfate is very easy to separate from the system and easy to purify, so the inventors provided for the first time a new route for the preparation of isaconazolium sulfate using a compound of formula V as an intermediate . Moreover, the intermediate in the form of trifluoroacetate salt (formula IV, formula V) used in the present invention is not easy to absorb water and is more stable. Based on this, the inventor completed the present invention.
  • a macroporous adsorption resin is a type of macroporous adsorption resin which is a type of macroporous adsorption resin that does not contain exchange groups and has a macroporous structure.
  • each compound or substance involved in the reaction may be present in the reaction system in an appropriate form.
  • a compound that provides hydrogen sulfate ions in an anhydrous system, it can exist in the form of a compound; in an aqueous system, it can exist in the form of ions such as hydrogen sulfate ions and appropriate cations.
  • the intermediates are unstable, easy to absorb water and hydrolyzed, and need to be repeatedly purified by chromatographic columns, the obtained product needs to be processed by ion exchange chromatography, the purification operation is complicated, and the industrial scale-up production cannot be achieved.
  • the present invention provides a new method for preparing isaconazolium sulfate.
  • the intermediates are stable, the intermediates and products are easy to purify, the operation is simple, no ion exchange chromatography is required, and the impurities are easy to remove ,
  • the product has high purity, convenient operation, and is very suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing isaconazolium sulfate, including the steps:
  • the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
  • the compound of formula V is subjected to an incubation reaction (such as reaction at room temperature) in the presence of a compound that provides hydrogen sulfate ions (for example, sulfuric acid, sulfate and/or hydrogen sulfate), and undergoes adsorption and desorption, thereby The isaconazolium sulfate compound is obtained.
  • an incubation reaction such as reaction at room temperature
  • hydrogen sulfate ions for example, sulfuric acid, sulfate and/or hydrogen sulfate
  • step (A1) the content of trifluoroacetic acid in the aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid is 80-99wt%; preferably, 85-98wt%, more preferably, 90%-98wt% .
  • the molar ratio of hydrogen sulfate ion to the compound of formula V is (3-50):1; preferably, (5-30):1; more preferably, It is (10 ⁇ 20):1.
  • the molar amount of the sulfate ion includes any form (for example, compound form (such as hydrogen sulfate or sulfuric acid) that can be interconverted with hydrogen sulfate ion) that may exist in the reaction system, and after ionization of hydrogen sulfate ion The form is sulfate and the ionic form is bisulfate ion).
  • the organic solvent in step (A1) is selected from one or more of dichloromethane, acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate; the equivalent ratio of trifluoroacetic acid to the compound of formula IV is 80-10: 1.
  • step (A2) specifically includes adding an organic solvent for dilution (such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether) to the system containing the compound of formula V obtained in step (A1). , Or a combination thereof), stirring, liquid separation and continuing to wash the organic phase with water until the pH of the aqueous phase is between 4-6, drying and concentrating the organic phase to obtain the compound of formula V.
  • an organic solvent for dilution such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether
  • the hydrogen sulfate in step (B) is selected from one or more of sodium hydrogen sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and calcium hydrogen sulfate; and/or the adsorbent used for adsorption is selected From silica gel, one or two of the macroporous resins are adsorbed.
  • the compound of formula IV can be synthesized by the following method:
  • X - is selected from Cl -, I -, 0.5SO 4 2- or HSO 4 - one or more of the.
  • the compound of formula III undergoes anion exchange in the presence of trifluoroacetate ion or a compound that provides trifluoroacetate (such as trifluoroacetic acid or sodium trifluoroacetate), thereby obtaining a compound of formula IV.
  • the compound of formula III is obtained by reacting a compound of formula I with a compound of formula II
  • the compound of formula III is dissolved in a third organic solvent, and then an aqueous solution containing trifluoroacetate ions is added, stirred, and separated, and the organic phase is concentrated to obtain the compound of formula III; preferably, the The third organic solvent is selected from one or more of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether, isopropyl ether, and n-heptane; and/or the trifluoroacetate ion is composed of trifluoroacetic acid Or provided by trifluoroacetate or a mixture thereof.
  • the trifluoroacetate may be selected from one of sodium trifluoroacetate, potassium trifluoroacetate, ammonium trifluoroacetate, magnesium trifluoroacetate, lithium trifluoroacetate, and ammonium trifluoroacetate Or multiple.
  • the step of preparing the compound of formula III is specifically
  • the acid in step (c) is selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid.
  • the present invention also provides intermediates which are very suitable for preparing isaconazolium sulfate.
  • the present invention provides an intermediate represented by formula IV
  • the present invention provides an intermediate of formula V
  • the compound of formula V provided by the present invention can be well dissolved in an organic solvent, and the compound can be purified by solvent beating or recrystallization, and the intermediate is convenient for storage and transportation.
  • the intermediate provided by the present invention is not easy to absorb moisture, thereby avoiding the shortcomings that the halide intermediate of the original process is easy to absorb moisture and is difficult to filter.
  • the method implemented in the present invention is used to prepare isaconazolium sulfate, the reaction and operating conditions are simple, the reaction conditions are mild, and it is easy to industrially implement; each step is a conventional reaction, with high yield and good purity; to obtain isaconazolium sulfate
  • the total salt yield can reach more than 80%, and the yield based on the compound of formula III can reach more than 86%, and the purity of the final product can reach more than 99.8%.
  • trifluoroacetic acid itself can be used to remove the protective group Boc in the compound of formula IV. Therefore, using the intermediate or method of the present invention to prepare isaconazolium sulfate can avoid the process of removing the protective group. Introduce other impurity anions, thereby avoiding a decrease in purity and/or adding unnecessary post-processing steps.
  • the aqueous phase is adsorbed by a macroporous resin to remove inorganic small molecule salts, and eluted twice with 200ml*2 acetone. Collect and combine the eluates, concentrate to remove the organic phase in the eluates, and freeze-dry the remaining aqueous phase after concentration. 31.6 g of isaconazolium sulfate compound (yield 91.7%, purity 99.89%) was obtained.
  • the aqueous phase is adsorbed by the macroporous resin to remove the inorganic small molecule salts, and eluted twice with 200ml*2 ethyl acetate. Collect and combine the eluates, concentrate to remove the organic phase in the eluates, and freeze the remaining aqueous phase after concentration After drying, 31.1 g of isaconazolium sulfate compound (yield 90.2%, purity 99.75%) was obtained.
  • the aqueous phase is adsorbed by the macroporous resin to remove the inorganic small molecule salts, and eluted twice with 200ml*2 ethanol. Collect and combine the eluates, concentrate to remove the organic phase in the eluates, and freeze-dry the remaining aqueous phase after concentration. 30.7 g of isaconazolium sulfate compound was obtained (yield 89.1%, purity 99.2%).

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Abstract

提供一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法,具体地,涉及的制备方法包括:在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物进行反应,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。制备方法具有中间体稳定且易于分离纯化,操作简便,反应收率高,易于工业化生产的优势。

Description

一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学技术领域,具体涉及一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法。
背景技术
艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐,化学名称1-[[N-甲基-N-3-[(甲基氨基)乙酰氧基甲基]吡啶-2-基]氨基甲酰氧基]乙基-1-[(2R,3R)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-2-羟基-3-[4-(4-氰基苯基)噻唑-2-基]丁基]-1H-[1,2,4]三唑-4-鎓硫酸盐,由安斯泰来(Astellas)和巴塞利亚(Basilea)联合开发,2015年3月6日获得美国FDA批准上市,用于治疗侵袭性曲霉菌病和侵袭性毛霉菌病成人患者。
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000001
艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐结构上由两个片段构成:母核部分和侧链结构。其中,母核是药效活性部分,即艾沙康唑;侧链结构部分为亲水性结构片段,与艾沙康唑对接后可改善其理化性质,使其水溶性增大。
现有艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法中,多是通过艾沙康唑鎓的卤素盐实现向单硫酸盐的转换,此步反应是工艺合成的技术难点,也是目前国内外的技术难题。
原研公司曾报道了以下合成路线,先得到艾沙康唑鎓碘负离子盐,然后通过离子交换转换成氯负离子盐化合物,然后进行保护基的脱除,再最终转化为艾沙康唑鎓单硫酸盐。
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000002
以上工艺存在以下缺点:
1)片段A和片段B对接后,得到碘负离子中间体1,反应纯度差,专利中采用过柱方式纯化,难以进行工艺放大。
2)将碘负离子盐转化成氯负离子盐中间体的过程中,用到离子交换色谱,一方面增加了工艺成本和操作性,另一方面,在经过离子交换树脂纯化的过程中,中间体的纯度变差,需要再次经过柱层析纯化。
3)中间体2采用HCl进行保护基的脱除,但是使用的HCl酸性较强,一方面导致实验过程产生氰基醇解的副产物,难以进行后续纯化;另一方面得到的中间体3为多盐酸盐形式,极易吸水,产生氰基水解的副产物,需要严格控制实验过程及实验环境的水分,为操作带来诸多不便,增加过程控制成本。
4)专利中得到中间体3后,没有公开卤素盐转化为单硫酸盐的工艺,此步也是艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐合成的最大难点。
除原研公司外,其他专利中虽报道了对艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的合成的改进,但是合成方法仍难以避开离子交换树脂的使用或存在中间体吸湿性强、收率较低、最终产物纯度不理想等问题。
综上所述,本领域迫切需要开发一种新的无需使用离子交换树脂、易于纯化、中间体稳定不易产生副产物、操作简便、易于工业化的新艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供发一种新的无需使用离子交换树脂、易于纯化、中间体稳定不易产生副产物、操作简便的新艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法。
在本发明的第一方面,提供了一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法,其中,所述的制备方法包括步骤:
(i)在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物(艾沙康唑三氟乙酸盐)进行反应,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐;
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000003
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)的反应在第一混合溶剂中进行,且所述第一混合溶 剂为水和第一有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂。
在另一优选例中,第一有机溶剂选自:乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、甲苯,甲基叔丁基醚,或其组合.
在另一优选例中,所述水和第一有机溶剂的体积比为(0.5~5):1;较佳地,为(0.8~3):1;更佳地,为(1~2):1。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)中,硫酸氢根离子与式V化合物的摩尔比为(3~50):1;较佳地,为(5~30):1;更佳地,为(10~20):1。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)中,所述提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物选自下组:硫酸、硫酸氢盐、硫酸盐,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)中,所述的硫酸氢盐选自下组:硫酸氢钠、硫酸氢钾、硫酸氢铵、硫酸氢钙,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)中,所述的硫酸盐选自下组:硫酸钠、硫酸钾、硫酸铵、硫酸钙,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)中,在0~20℃下(较佳地,在0~15℃下;更佳地,在0~10℃下进行反应。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)还包括用于分离和/或纯化艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的第一处理步骤。
在另一优选例中,所述的第一处理步骤包括:分液处理获得水相,除去无机小分子盐杂质,经处理(较佳地,冻干处理)得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,通过吸附和解吸处理除去无机小分子盐杂质。
在另一优选例中,在分液处理获得水相前,还任选地包括步骤:加水进行萃取。
在另一优选例中,所述的第一处理步骤包括:分液处理获得水相,对水相进行吸附和解吸处理,以及从解吸处理得到的洗脱液中获得艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,所述吸附为物理吸附。
在另一优选例中,所述吸附所用的吸附剂选自下组:硅胶、大孔吸附树脂,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,在进行第一处理步骤的吸附解吸处理前,还包括用萃取剂对分液所得的水相进行萃取的步骤。
在另一优选例中,所述的萃取剂选自:乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、甲苯、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、正庚烷,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,在进行第一处理步骤的吸附解吸处理后还包括:去除脱液中的 有机相(较佳地,通过浓缩去除洗脱液中的有机相),再通过冻干法从浓缩后的洗脱液中获得艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,所述洗脱液中的有机相主要为解吸所用的洗脱剂(如有机相中≥50体积%,或≥80体积%为洗脱剂)。
在另一优选例中,解吸所用的洗脱剂选自:醇类有机溶剂、酮类有机溶剂,醚类有机溶剂、酯类有机溶剂、卤代烷烃类有机溶剂、烃类有机溶剂、芳香族类有机溶剂,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,解吸所用的洗脱剂选自下组:甲醇、乙醇,异丙醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、甲苯、正庚烷,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i)包括步骤:
(i-1)在第一混合溶剂中,在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物进行反应,从而得到的含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐(式VI化合物)的混合物;和
(i-2)通过第一处理步骤对艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的混合物进行处理,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i-2)包括步骤:
(i-2-1)对步骤(i-1)得到的含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的混合物进行分液处理,从而得到含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的水相;
(i-2-2)对步骤(i-2-1)得到的含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的水相进行吸附(较佳地,物理吸附)和解吸处理(较佳地,对步骤(i-2-1)得到的含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的水相用萃取剂进行萃取处理后,再对其进行吸附(较佳地,物理吸附)和解吸处理),从而得到含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的洗脱液;和
(i-2-3)去除含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的洗脱液中的有机相,对去除有机相后的含艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的洗脱液进行处理,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,步骤(i-2-3)中,所述的处理是指冻干处理。
在另一优选例中,所述的制备方法还包括式V化合物的制备步骤;
其中,所述式V化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000004
在叔丁基离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸的存在下,使式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从而得到式V化合物。
在另一优选例中,在式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的叔丁基离子捕获剂选自下组:乙腈、丙二腈、苯腈、苯硫酚、对甲氧基苯硫酚、甲基苯硫酚、苯酚、甲苯酚、苯甲醚、二苯甲醚、苯甲硫醚、二甲硫醚中,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,在式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述叔丁基离子捕获剂与式IV化合物的体积摩尔比(ml/mmol)为(0.2~10):1;较佳地,为(0.5~8):1;更佳地,为(0.5~2):1。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的脱保护反应在水的存在下进行。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的脱保护反应在叔丁基离子捕获剂、三氟乙酸和水的存在下进行。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的水是以三氟乙酸的水溶液的形式被加入至反应体系中的。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,三氟乙酸与水和三氟乙酸的总量的质量比为(0.80~0.99):1;较佳地,为(0.85~0.98):1;更佳地,为(0.90~0.98):1。
在另一优选例中,所述式V化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:在叔丁基离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸或三氟乙酸的水溶液的存在下,使式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从而得到式V化合物。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述三氟乙酸的水溶液中三氟乙酸的含量为80~99wt%;较佳地,为85~98wt%;更佳地,为90~98wt%。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,三氟乙酸与式IV化合物的摩尔比为(1~200):1;较佳地,(1~100):1;更佳地,(10~80):1;最佳地,(20~60):1。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,脱保护反应的反应温度为-10~40℃;较佳地,10~40℃;更佳地,20~30℃。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的脱保护反应在第二惰性溶剂中进行。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,所述的第二惰性溶剂选自下组:二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤中,第二惰性溶剂与式IV化合物的体积摩尔比(ml:mmol)为(1~15):1;较佳地,为(1~10):1;更佳地,为(1~5):1;最佳地,为(2~3):1。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤还包括用于分离式V化合物的第二处理步骤。
在另一优选例中,所述第二处理步骤包括:任选地稀释、水洗(较佳地,水洗至pH在4~6之间)、干燥和浓缩。
在另一优选例中,第二处理步骤中,稀释所用的溶剂选自:二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、甲基叔丁基醚,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,第二处理步骤中,稀释所用的溶剂的用量为稀释所用的溶剂与式IV化合物的体积摩尔比为(1~15):1;较佳地,为(1~10):1;更佳地,为(1~5):1;最佳地,为(2~3):1。
在另一优选例中,所述第二处理步骤包括步骤:加入稀释所用的溶剂稀释含式V化合物的混合物,水洗有机相,干燥有机相,浓缩,从而得到式V化合物。
在另一优选例中,所述第二处理步骤中,将有机相洗至水相pH为4~6。
在另一优选例中,式V化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
(2.1)在-10~20℃(较佳地,0~10℃)下,向式IV化合物于第二惰性溶剂中的混合物中加入三氟乙酸或三氟乙酸的水溶液,从而得到含三氟乙酸的反应体系;
(2.2)使在所述含三氟乙酸的反应体系中的式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从而得到含式V化合物的混合物;和
(2.3)通过第二处理步骤从含式V化合物的混合物中分离得到式V化合物。
在另一优选例中,所述的制备方法还包括式IV化合物的制备步骤;
其中,所述式IV化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000005
在第三混合溶剂中,使式III化合物与三氟乙酸根离子进行阴离子交换反应,从而得到式IV化合物;
其中,
所述第三混合溶剂为由水和第三有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂,
X -为选自下组的阴离子:Cl -、I -、HSO 4 -、0.5SO 4 2-,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物的制备步骤中,所述三氟乙酸根离子由选自下组的化合物提供:三氟乙酸、三氟乙酸盐,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物的制备步骤中,所述三氟乙酸盐选自:三氟乙酸钠、三氟乙酸钾、三氟乙酸铵、三氟乙酸镁、三氟乙酸锂,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物的制备步骤中,所述第三有机溶剂选自下组:乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、甲苯、甲基叔丁基醚,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物的制备步骤中,水和第三有机溶液的体积比为1:(0.1~10);较佳地,为1:(0.5~5)。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物的制备步骤还包括用于分离式IV化合物的第三处理步骤。
在另一优选例中,所述第三处理步骤包括:分液,任选干燥和浓缩有机相。
在另一优选例中,所述式IV化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
(1.1)提供式III化合物于第三有机溶剂中的溶液;
(1.2)将步骤(1.1)的溶液与含三氟乙酸根离子的水溶液混合,从而得到含式IV化合物的第三混合体系;
(1.3)通过第三处理步骤由步骤(1.2)得到的第三混合体系中分离得到式IV化合物。
在另一优选例中,步骤(1.2)中,所述的含三氟乙酸根离子的水溶液是指三氟乙酸、三氟乙酸盐或其组合的水溶液。
在另一优选例中,步骤(1.2)中,所述的含三氟乙酸根离子的水溶液中三氟乙酸根离子的含量为5~15wt%。
在本发明的第二方面,提供了一种制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的方法,所述方法包括步骤:
(1)式IV化合物的制备步骤;
在第三混合溶剂中,使式III化合物与三氟乙酸根离子进行阴离子交换反应,从而得到式IV化合物;
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000006
其中,
所述第三混合溶剂为由水和第三有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂,
X -为选自下组的阴离子:Cl -、I -、HSO 4 -、0.5SO 4 2-,或其组合;
(2)式V化合物的制备步骤;
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000007
在叔丁基离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸的存在下,使式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从而得到式V化合物;
以及,
(3)式VI化合物的制备步骤;
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000008
在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物进行反应,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
在另一优选例中,步骤(1)同第一方面所述的式IV化合物的制备步骤。
在另一优选例中,步骤(2)同第一方面所述的式V化合物的制备步骤。
在另一优选例中,步骤(3)同第一方面所述的步骤(i)。
在另一优选例中,所述的方法在步骤(1)之前还包括步骤:
(0)在第四惰性溶剂中,使式I化合物与式II化合物反应,从而得到式III化合物。
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000009
其中,X -的定义同前。
在另一优选例中,步骤(0)的反应在碘化钠的存在下进行。
在另一优选例中,所述第四惰性溶剂为乙腈。
在另一优选例中,步骤(0)包括步骤:
(0.1)提供化合物I、化合物II和碘化钠于乙腈中的混合物,在50~60℃下反应10~20小时,从而得到含式III化合物的反应混合物;
(0.2)过滤含式III化合物的反应混合物,浓缩滤液,从而得到含式III化合物的粗品;和
(0.3)将含式III化合物粗品溶于有机溶剂中、酸洗有机相、干燥有机相、浓缩,从而得到式III化合物,其中有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷,乙酸乙酯,甲基叔丁基醚,异丙醚,正庚烷中的一种或多种。
在另一优选例中,步骤(0.3)中,酸洗所用的酸选自:硫酸、盐酸、三氟乙酸,或其组合。
在本发明的第三方面,提供了一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐,所述的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐通过如第一方面所述的制备方法、如第二方面所述的方法或如第三方面所述的方法制备。
在本发明的第四方面,提供了一种用于制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体,所述的 中间体如式IV所示
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000010
在本发明的第五方面,提供了一种用于制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体,所述的中间体如式V所示
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000011
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅,在此不再一一累述。
具体实施方式
发明人经过长期而深入地研究,意外地发现具有三氟乙酸根阴离子的式V化合物特别适合在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物或硫酸氢根离子的存在下高效地转化为艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐,且所得的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐十分易于从该体系中分离并易于提纯,从而发明人首次提供了一种以式V化合物为中间体的制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的新路线。而且本发明采用的三氟乙酸盐形式的中间体(式IV,式V)不易吸收水分,更稳定。基于此,发明人完成了本发明。
术语
如本文所用,大孔吸附树脂是一类大孔吸附树脂是一类不含交换基团且有大孔结构的高分子吸附树脂。
应当理解,在本文中,当某一化合物的通式中的某个基团可为几个具体基团的组合时,该通式代表多个具体化合物的混合物。例如,当式III化合物中X为I -和Cl -的组合时,是指X -为Cl -的具体化合物和X为I -的具体化合物的混合物。
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000012
应当理解,除非特别说明,反应所涉及的各化合物或物质等可以以适当的形式存在于反应体系中。例如,对于提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物来说,在无水体系中,其可以以化合物的形式存在;在含水体系中,其可以以离子形式存在如硫酸氢根离子和恰当的阳离子。
艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法
为克服现有技术中,中间体不稳定、容易吸水水解且需要反复经过层析柱纯化、得到的产品需要经过离子交换色谱处理,纯化操作复杂,无法工业化放大生产等问题。本发明提供了一种新的制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的方法,本发明的制备方法中的中间体稳定、中间体及产物易于纯化,且操作简便、无需离子交换色谱、且杂质易于去除、产品纯度高、操作方便、十分适合工业化生产。
在一个具体实施例中,本发明提供了一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法,包括步骤:
(A)使式IV化合物在三氟乙酸作用下进行脱保护反应,得到脱保护基的式V化合物;
(B)然后再进一步使式V化合物在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下反应,从而得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐化合物。
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000013
在一个具体实施例中,所述的制备方法,具体包括以下几个步骤:
(A1)含式IV化合物的有机溶剂体系在-10~40℃左右,向其中滴加一定量的叔丁基正离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸或其水溶液(较佳地,三氟乙酸的水溶液),保温反应(如15~30℃下反应),至底物式IV化合物转化完毕,得到含式V化合物的 混合物;
(A2)处理含式V化合物的混合物(如通过第二处理步骤进行处理),得到式V化合物。
(B)使式V化合物在存在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物(例如,硫酸、硫酸盐和/或硫酸氢盐)的体系中,保温反应(如在室温下反应),经吸附解吸附,从而得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐化合物。
在另一优选例中,步骤(A1)中,所述三氟乙酸的水溶液中三氟乙酸的含量为80~99wt%;较佳地,85~98wt%,更佳地,90%~98wt%。
在另一优选例中,步骤(B)中,硫酸氢根离子与式V化合物的摩尔比为(3~50):1;较佳地,为(5~30):1;更佳地,为(10~20):1。应当理解,所述硫酸根离子的摩尔量包括在反应体系中可能存在的能够与硫酸氢根离子互相转化的任何形式(例如,化合物形式(如硫酸氢盐或硫酸)、硫酸氢根离子电离后的形式即硫酸根和离子形式即硫酸氢根离子)。
在另一优选例中,步骤(A1)中所述有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷,乙腈,乙酸乙酯中的一种或多种;三氟乙酸与式IV化合物的当量比为80~10:1。
在另一优选例中,步骤(A2)具体为,向步骤(A1)中得到的含式V化合物的体系中加入稀释用有机溶剂(如二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、甲基叔丁基醚,或其组合),搅拌,分液并继续用水洗有机相至水相pH在4~6之间,干燥并浓缩有机相,得到式V化合物。
在另一优选例中,步骤(B)中所述硫酸氢盐选自硫酸氢钠,硫酸氢钾,硫酸铵,硫酸氢钙中的一种或多种;和/或吸附所用的吸附剂选自硅胶,大孔吸附树脂中的一种或两种。
在另一优选例中,式IV化合物可以通过以下方法合成:
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000014
其中,X -选自Cl -、I -、0.5SO 4 2-或HSO 4 -中的一种或多种。
式III化合物在三氟乙酸根离子或提供三氟乙酸根的化合物(如三氟乙酸或三氟乙酸钠)的存在下,发生阴离子交换,从而得到式IV化合物。
在另一优选例中,式III化合物通过式I化合物与式II化合物反应得到
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000015
在另一优选例中,将式III化合物溶于第三有机溶剂中,然后加入含三氟乙酸根离子的水溶液,搅拌,分液后,浓缩有机相得到式III化合物;较佳地,所述第三有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷,乙酸乙酯,甲基叔丁基醚、异丙醚、正庚烷中的一种或多种;和/或所述三氟乙酸根离子由三氟乙酸或三氟乙酸盐或其混合物提供。
在另一优选例中,所述三氟乙酸盐可选自三氟乙酸钠,三氟乙酸钾,三氟乙酸铵,三氟乙酸镁,三氟乙酸锂,三氟乙酸铵中的一种或多种。
在另一优选例中,制备式III化合物的步骤具体为
(a)将化合物I、化合物II和碘化钠悬浮于乙腈溶剂中,保温50~60℃搅拌10~20小时,至化合物II转化完毕。
(b)过滤,浓缩母液得到含式III化合物的粗品1。
(c)将式III化合物粗品1溶于乙酸乙酯中,酸洗有机相,有机相干燥,浓缩,得式III化合物。
在另一优选例中,步骤(c)中的酸选自硫酸,盐酸或三氟乙酸。
艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体
本发明还提供了十分适于制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体。
在一个具体实施例中,本发明提供如式IV所示的中间体
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000016
在一个具体实施例中,本发明提供如式V的中间体
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000017
本发明的主要优点包括:
(1)本发明提供的式V化合物可以很好的在有机溶剂中溶解,可以通过溶剂打浆或重结晶的方式对化合物进行纯化,同时方便对此中间体进行储存和运输。
(2)本发明提供的中间体不易吸湿,从而避免了原工艺的卤负离子中间体容易吸湿,难以抽滤的缺点。
(3)式V化合物与艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的溶解度差异显著,使得式V化合物十分适于与硫酸盐进行阴离子交换,得到纯度更好的产品。特别地,在本发明的优选制备方法中,通过特定硫酸氢根离子与式V化合物的用量比实现了阴离子的高效交换,进一步提升了本发明方法单步和总体收率。
用本发明实施的方法制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐,反应及操作条件简便,反应条件温和,易于工业化实施;各步均为常规反应,收率高,纯度好;得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐总收率可达80%以上,以式III化合物计收率可达86%以上,且最终产品纯度可达99.8%以上。
(4)此外,三氟乙酸本身可用于脱去式IV化合物中的保护基团Boc,因此,采用本发明的中间体或方法制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐可避免在脱保护基的过程中引入其他杂质阴离子,从而避免纯度的降低和/或增加不必要的后处理步骤。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数是重量百分比和重量份数。
实施例1式III-1化合物的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000018
将28.5g(0.068mol,2.0eq)式II化合物加入到反应瓶中,加入75ml乙腈,室温搅拌溶清,加入15.0g(0.034mol,1.0eq)式I化合物和7.8g(0.052mol,1.5eq)碘化钠,体系升温至50℃并保温50~60℃之间反应至式II化合物完全转化。过滤反应液,浓缩得到粗品式III-1化合物。
粗品III-1化合物溶于150ml乙酸乙酯中,加入150ml 0.5M的H2SO4溶液,分两次洗涤有机相,水相合并用乙酸乙酯反萃一次,合并乙酸乙酯相,浓缩,得到式III-1化合物57.73g(收率:93.7%,纯度:95.6%)。
实施例2式IV化合物的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000019
将57.0g(0.06mol)式III-1化合物溶于150ml二氯甲烷中,加入150ml 10wt%的三氟乙酸钠水溶液混合后,室温搅拌1~2小时,分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到式IV化合物55.74g(收率:98.6%,纯度:96.2%,碘离子:0.3%)。
实施例3式IV化合物的制备
将57.0g(0.06mol)式III-1化合物溶于150ml乙酸乙酯中,加入150ml 10wt%的三氟乙酸钠水溶液混合后,室温搅拌1~2小时,分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,得到式IV化合物55.0g(收率:97.9%,纯度:95.6%,碘离子:0.4%)。
实施例4式V化合物的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000020
将55.7g(0.06mol,1.0eq)式IV化合物溶于160ml二氯甲烷中,同时向反应体系中加入60ml乙腈,降温至0~5℃左右,然后缓慢向体系中滴加279g(2.4mol,40eq)98%三氟乙酸水溶液,滴加过程会有温度升高,控制滴加速度,使温度维持在10℃以下,滴毕,体系升温至25~30℃,并保温搅拌至式IV化合物转化完毕(8-10h反应完毕)。加入160ml二氯甲烷稀释反应液后,水洗有机相至水相pH在4~6之间,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,浓缩,得到式V化合物54.3g(收率:96.0%;纯度:96.3%;碘离子:<0.1%)。
实施例5式V化合物的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000021
将55.7g(0.06mol,1.0eq)式IV化合物溶于160ml乙酸乙酯中,同时向反应体系中加入60ml乙腈,降温至0~5℃左右,然后缓慢向体系中滴加246g(1.8mol,30eq)85%三氟乙酸水溶液,滴加过程会有温度升高,控制滴加速度,使温度维持在10℃以下,滴毕,体系升温至25~30℃,并保温搅拌至式IV化合物,转化完毕(8-10h反应完毕)。加入160ml乙酸乙酯稀释反应液后,水洗有机相至水相pH在4~6之间,无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,浓缩,得到式V化合物52.9g(收率:93.5%;纯 度:95.8%;碘离子:<0.1%)。
实施例6艾莎康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000022
将40.0g(0.04mol)式V化合物溶于200ml二氯甲烷溶液中,然后加入300ml20wt%的硫酸氢钠水溶液(0.5mol),0~10℃搅拌至式V化合物转化完毕(转化时间0.5~1小时)。分液,水相分别用二氯甲烷和正庚烷萃取。
水相经过大孔树脂吸附,除去无机小分子盐,用200ml*2丙酮洗脱两次,收集并合并洗脱液,浓缩去除洗脱液中的有机相,浓缩后剩余水相经冷冻干燥,得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐化合物31.6g(收率91.7%,纯度99.89%)。
实施例7艾莎康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000023
将40.0g(0.04mol)式V化合物溶于200ml乙酸乙酯溶液中,然后加入300ml 20wt%的硫酸氢钠水溶液(0.5mol),0~10℃搅拌至式V化合物转化完毕(0.5~1小时左右)。分液,水相分别用乙酸乙酯和正庚烷萃取。
水相经过大孔树脂吸附,除去无机小分子盐,用200ml*2乙酸乙酯洗脱两次,收集并合并洗脱液,浓缩去除洗脱液中的有机相,浓缩后剩余水相经冷冻干燥,得到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐化合物31.1g(收率90.2%,纯度99.75%)。
实施例8艾莎康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备
Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-000024
将40.0g(0.04mol)式V化合物溶于200ml乙酸异丙酯溶液中,然后加入200ml20wt%的硫酸钠水溶液(0.33mol),0~10℃搅拌至式V化合物转化完毕(转化时间0.5~1小时)。分液,水相分别用乙酸异丙酯和正庚烷萃取。
水相经过大孔树脂吸附,除去无机小分子盐,用200ml*2乙醇洗脱两次,收集并合并洗脱液,浓缩去除洗脱液中的有机相,浓缩后剩余水相经冷冻干燥,得 到艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐化合物30.7g(收率89.1%,纯度99.2%)。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考,就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法包括:
    (i)在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物进行反应,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐;
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100001
  2. 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(i)的反应在第一混合溶剂中进行,且所述第一混合物溶剂为水和第一有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述第一混合溶剂中,
    所述第一有机溶剂选自乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、二氯甲烷、甲苯、甲基叔丁基醚,或其组合;和/或,
    所述水和第一有机溶剂的体积比为(0.5~5):1;较佳地,为(0.8~3):1;更佳地,为(1~2):1。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(i)具有选自下组的一个或多个特征:
    a.硫酸氢根离子与式V化合物的摩尔比为(3~50):1;较佳地,为(5~30):1;更佳地,为(10~20):1;和/或
    b.所述提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物选自下组:硫酸、硫酸氢盐、硫酸盐,或其组合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法还包括式V化合物的制备步骤;
    其中,所述式V化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100002
    在叔丁基离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸的存在下,使式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从而得到式V化合物。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
    所述叔丁基离子捕获剂选自:乙腈、丙二腈、苯腈、苯硫酚、对甲氧基苯硫酚、甲基苯硫酚、苯酚、甲苯酚、苯甲醚、二苯甲醚、苯甲硫醚、二甲硫醚,或 其组合;和/或,
    所述叔丁基离子捕获剂与式IV化合物的体积摩尔比(ml/mmol)为(0.2~10):1,较佳地,为(0.5~8):1。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法还包括式IV化合物的制备步骤;
    其中,所述式IV化合物的制备步骤包括步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100003
    在第三混合溶剂中,使式III化合物与三氟乙酸根离子进行阴离子交换反应,从而得到式IV化合物;
    其中,
    所述第三混合溶剂为由水和第三有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂,
    X为选自下组的阴离子:Cl -、I -、HSO 4 -、0.5SO 4 2-,或其组合。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述三氟乙酸根离子由选自下组的化合物提供:三氟乙酸、三氟乙酸盐、或其组合;优选地,为三氟乙酸盐。
  9. 一种制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的方法,所述方法包括步骤:
    (1)式IV化合物的制备步骤;
    在第三混合溶剂中,使式III化合物与三氟乙酸根离子进行阴离子交换反应,从而得到式IV化合物;
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100004
    其中,
    所述第三混合溶剂为由水和第三有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂,
    X -为选自下组的阴离子:Cl -、I -、HSO 4 -、0.5SO 4 2-,或其组合;
    (2)式V化合物的制备步骤;
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100005
    在叔丁基离子捕获剂和三氟乙酸的存在下,使式IV化合物进行脱保护反应,从 而得到式V化合物;
    以及,
    (3)式VI化合物的制备步骤;
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100006
    在提供硫酸氢根离子的化合物的存在下,使式V化合物进行反应,从而得到如式VI所示的艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐。
  10. 一种用于制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体,其特征在于,所述的中间体如式IV所示
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100007
  11. 一种用于制备艾沙康唑鎓硫酸盐的中间体,其特征在于,所述的中间体如式V所示,
    Figure PCTCN2020138121-appb-100008
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EP4289840A1 (en) 2022-06-07 2023-12-13 Zaklady Farmaceutyczne Polpharma S.A. A process for preparing isavuconazonium sulfate
WO2023237534A1 (en) 2022-06-07 2023-12-14 Zaklady Farmaceutyczne Polpharma S.A. A process for preparing isavuconazonium sulfate
WO2024028711A1 (en) * 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Icrom S.P.A. Process for the preparation of isavuconazonium monosulfate

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CN113024539B (zh) 2023-11-28
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AU2020414895A1 (en) 2022-08-04
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