WO2021128040A1 - 一种电子设备及声学防水结构 - Google Patents

一种电子设备及声学防水结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128040A1
WO2021128040A1 PCT/CN2019/128184 CN2019128184W WO2021128040A1 WO 2021128040 A1 WO2021128040 A1 WO 2021128040A1 CN 2019128184 W CN2019128184 W CN 2019128184W WO 2021128040 A1 WO2021128040 A1 WO 2021128040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waterproof
acoustic
housing
breathable membrane
material piece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/128184
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
栾庆蕾
杨洋
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US17/435,806 priority Critical patent/US11924607B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/128184 priority patent/WO2021128040A1/zh
Publication of WO2021128040A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128040A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/44—Special adaptations for subaqueous use, e.g. for hydrophone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H04R1/086—Protective screens, e.g. all weather or wind screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of waterproof structures, and more specifically, to an acoustic waterproof structure, and also to an electronic device having the acoustic waterproof structure.
  • Acoustic devices and microphones are used in a variety of electronic devices.
  • wearable devices such as bracelets and watches can be equipped with acoustic devices and microphones.
  • wearable devices Take wearable devices as an example. As their functions become more and more perfect, they are required not only to have good acoustic performance, but also to meet high-level waterproof requirements. The good acoustic performance and waterproof performance need to be satisfied by the sealing structure.
  • the conventional sealing structure is mostly sealed by hot melt glue, silica gel and other glue.
  • the fixed cost of dispensing is high, and it is not repairable, and the maintenance cost is high in the later period.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide an acoustic waterproof structure, the structural design of the acoustic waterproof structure can effectively solve the problem of high maintenance cost of the glue dispensing seal structure, the second object of the present invention is to provide an acoustic waterproof structure An electronic device including the above acoustic waterproof structure.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An acoustic waterproof structure comprising a shell, a waterproof and breathable membrane, a stretchable material piece and a hard support.
  • the shell has a shell sound hole, and one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane is sealed and connected to the shell. Cover the sound hole of the shell, the other side abuts against the telescopic material piece, the telescopic material piece has the sound hole of the telescopic material piece, the hard support piece has at least one through hole, and One side of the hard support is connected to the housing in a sealed manner and extrudes the telescopic material, and the other side is used for acoustic device connection.
  • the housing has a mounting groove, the housing sound hole is opened at the bottom of the mounting groove, and the waterproof breathable membrane and the retractable material are both placed in the In the installation groove, and the waterproof and breathable membrane is in sealed connection with the groove bottom of the installation groove.
  • the stretchable material piece is closed-cell foam.
  • the waterproof breathable membrane and the housing are connected by waterproof double-sided tape.
  • the rigid support and the housing are connected by waterproof double-sided adhesive tape.
  • opposite ends of the rigid support are fixedly connected to the housing by dispensing glue.
  • the rigid support includes a support body and wing portions respectively connected to opposite ends of the support body, the wing portions are fixedly connected to the housing, and the support body is provided with There are a plurality of said through holes.
  • the above acoustic waterproof structure further includes a bracket, one side of the bracket is hermetically connected with the hard support, the other side has a cavity for sealingly installing the acoustic device, and the bracket has The bracket sound hole communicated with the cavity.
  • the bracket includes a hard body and a silicone piece fixedly connected to the hard body, and the silicone piece includes a sealing ring protruding from one side of the hard body and a The sealing part on the other side of the hard main body, the sealing part forms the cavity, and the sealing ring is sealed with the hard support.
  • the acoustic waterproof structure provided by the present invention includes a shell, a waterproof and breathable membrane, a stretchable material piece and a hard support piece.
  • the housing has a housing sound hole
  • one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane is connected to the housing and covers the housing sound hole in a sealed manner, and the other side abuts against the telescopic material member
  • the hard support member has at least one through hole
  • one side of the rigid support is connected to the shell in a sealed manner and extruded the retractable material, and the other side is used to connect with the acoustic device, so the audio of the acoustic device can pass through the through hole of the rigid support and the retractable material.
  • the sound hole of the telescopic material pieces and the waterproof and breathable membrane and the sound hole of the shell are transmitted.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane can allow audio to pass through, but can prevent the passage of liquid, so the waterproof and breathable membrane can play a waterproof role by providing the waterproof and breathable membrane on the housing.
  • the stretchable material piece abuts against the waterproof and breathable membrane, and can provide a supporting effect for the waterproof and breathable membrane.
  • the hard support squeezes the stretchable material piece, and the hard support provides support for the waterproof and breathable membrane and the stretchable material piece.
  • the stretchable material piece is squeezed, so it can continue to provide the waterproof and breathable membrane with a reaction force that resists the ingress of liquid, so as to meet the high-level waterproof requirements.
  • the hard support acts on the force of the retractable material. It is absorbed by the stretchable material and will not be transferred to the waterproof and breathable membrane, preventing the waterproof and breathable membrane from being deformed and wrinkled, thereby ensuring the sealing effect and avoiding adverse effects on the acoustic performance. And when the waterproof and breathable membrane is damaged, it can be replaced with a new waterproof and breathable membrane without replacing other parts, so the maintenance cost is low.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes any of the above-mentioned acoustic waterproof structures. Since the above-mentioned acoustic waterproof structure has the above technical effects, the electronic device with the acoustic waterproof structure should also have corresponding technical effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an acoustic waterproof structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a partial structural diagram of the housing in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the waterproof and breathable membrane and the stretchable material in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the waterproof and breathable membrane and the retractable material being assembled on the housing;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rigid support in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the hard support assembling the housing
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the battery assembly assembly and the structure inside the casing.
  • Shell 1 waterproof and breathable membrane 2, stretchable material piece 3, rigid support 4, bracket 5, waterproof double-sided tape 6, acoustic device 7, battery assembly 8, shell sound hole 11, mounting groove 12, groove 13.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses an electronic device and an acoustic waterproof structure to meet high-level waterproof requirements and reduce subsequent maintenance costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an acoustic waterproof structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2-8 are schematic diagrams of various components and assembly relationships in FIG. 1.
  • the acoustic waterproof structure provided by the present invention includes a housing 1, a waterproof and breathable membrane 2, a stretchable material piece 3 and a rigid support 4.
  • the housing 1 is a main body supporting and protecting structure.
  • the acoustic waterproof structure When used in electronic devices such as wearable devices, it may be the housing 1 of the electronic device.
  • the housing 1 can also be a separate housing 1 provided with an acoustic waterproof structure.
  • the housing 1 has a housing sound hole 11 for audio transmission.
  • the specific shape of the housing 1 can be set as required, and there is no specific limitation here.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is a membrane that allows audio to pass through but prevents liquids from passing through. It should be noted that the waterproof in the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 generally refers to preventing the passage of liquid, and is not limited to water. By sealingly connecting the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 to the housing 1 and covering the housing sound hole 11, waterproofing is achieved. Since the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is generally a flexible membrane, a stretchable material piece 3 is provided to support it. The stretchable material piece 3 and the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 abut against each other.
  • the stretchable material piece 3 has a sound hole 31 of the stretchable material piece to allow audio transmission.
  • the sound hole 31 of the telescopic material piece should be at least partially opposite to the sound hole 11 of the housing 1.
  • the stretchable material piece 3 may specifically be foam.
  • the rigid support 4 has at least one through hole 43, and one side of the rigid support 4 is connected to the housing 1 in a sealed manner and extruded the retractable material 3, and the other side is used to connect with the acoustic device 7, so
  • the audio of the device 7 can be transmitted through the through hole 43 of the rigid support 4, the sound hole 31 of the stretchable material piece 3, the waterproof breathable membrane 2 and the sound hole 11 of the housing.
  • the acoustic device 7 may be a speaker or a microphone.
  • the rigid support member 4 mainly supports the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the stretchable material member 3, and may specifically be a sheet of metal material such as a steel sheet.
  • the rigid support 4 is connected to the housing 1 in a hermetically sealed manner.
  • One side of the stretchable material member 3 is against the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the other side is squeezed by the rigid support 4 so that the rigid support 4 passes through the stretchable material
  • the member 3 exerts a force on the waterproof and breathable membrane 2.
  • the compression amount of the rigid support 4 squeezing the stretchable material piece 3 is adjusted, and then the force of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is controlled to meet the corresponding waterproof grade requirements.
  • At least one through hole 43 is opened on the rigid support 4 to allow audio to pass through.
  • the through hole 43 should be at least partially opposite to the sound hole 31 of the telescopic material piece 3.
  • a plurality of through holes 43 may be provided on the rigid support 4, and the size of the through holes 43 may be micro-holes less than 1 mm or the like.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 can allow audio to pass through, but can prevent the passage of liquid. Therefore, the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 can have a waterproof effect by providing the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 on the housing 1.
  • the stretchable material piece 3 abuts against the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and can provide a support for the waterproof and breathable membrane 2.
  • the hard support 4 squeezes the stretchable material piece 3 again, and the hard support 4 provides support for the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the stretchable material piece 3.
  • the stretchable material piece 3 is squeezed, so it can continue to provide the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 with a reaction force that resists the ingress of liquid, so as to meet high-level waterproof requirements, such as 5ATM waterproof requirements.
  • the hard support 4 acts on the retractable
  • the force of the material part 3 is absorbed by the retractable material part 3 and will not be transmitted to the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 to prevent the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 from being deformed and wrinkled, thereby ensuring the sealing effect and avoiding adverse effects on acoustic performance.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 can be replaced without replacing other parts, so the maintenance cost is low.
  • the housing 1 has a mounting groove 12, the housing sound hole 11 is opened at the bottom of the mounting groove 12, the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the retractable material 3 are both placed in the mounting groove 12, and the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the installation
  • the groove bottom of the groove 12 is hermetically connected.
  • the installation of the installation groove 12 facilitates the installation of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the retractable material 3, and the installation groove 12 can limit the circumferential direction of the retractable material 3, so that the rigid support 4 can be made of retractable material.
  • One side of the piece 3 exerts a pressing force on it.
  • the depth of the installation groove 12 should be less than the total thickness of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the retractable material 3, so that the rigid support 4 can better squeeze the retractable material 3 when the rigid support 4 is connected to the housing 1 in a sealed manner.
  • the shape of the installation groove 12 is the same as that of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2. If the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is a circular membrane, the installation groove 12 is correspondingly a groove with a circular cross section. The housing sound hole 11 is opened at the bottom of the groove, and after one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is sealed and connected to the groove bottom, the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is sealed at the housing sound hole 11 to play a waterproof role.
  • the stretchable material piece 3 is closed-cell foam.
  • the use of closed-cell foam can absorb the shearing force along the end surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 transmitted by the rigid support 4 to prevent deformation and wrinkles of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2.
  • the stretchable material member 3 can also be made of sponge or other elastic materials capable of absorbing the force of the hard support member 4.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the housing 1 are connected by a waterproof double-sided tape 6. That is, the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 has an adhesive layer on one side, and the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is connected to the casing 1 through the adhesive layer. When the casing 1 has a mounting groove 12, the waterproof breathable membrane 2 is sealed by the adhesive layer. The gas-permeable membrane 2 is in sealing connection with the bottom of the installation groove 12. Specifically, one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is provided with a circle of adhesive layers. The waterproof double-sided adhesive 6 is used to connect, and the two can be fixedly connected while achieving sealing, thereby ensuring the reliability of the waterproof structure.
  • the waterproof double-sided tape 6 is activated by the tooling to maintain pressure, and the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 is bonded to the housing 1 under pressure to ensure the reliability of the connection.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the housing 1 are not limited to being bonded by an adhesive layer, and other conventional sealing connection methods in the prior art can also be used to connect.
  • the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the stretchable material 3 constitute a waterproof membrane assembly.
  • One side of the waterproof membrane assembly that is, the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 side, is provided with the above-mentioned adhesive layer, and the other side can be a stretchable material.
  • the rigid support 4 and the housing 1 are connected by a waterproof double-sided tape 6. That is, an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the support, and the rigid support 4 and the housing 1 are connected in a sealed manner through the adhesive layer. Specifically, a ring of adhesive layer is provided on one side of the rigid support 4.
  • the waterproof double-sided adhesive 6 is used to connect, and the two can be fixedly connected while achieving sealing, thereby ensuring the reliability of the waterproof structure.
  • the rigid support 4 In order to improve the adhesive force of the waterproof double-sided tape 6, when assembling, one side of the waterproof double-sided tape 6 is bonded to the rigid support 4 to form a rigid support assembly, and the waterproof double-sided tape 6 is activated by maintaining pressure , In the pressure-holding state, the rigid support 4 is bonded to the housing 1 through the waterproof double-sided tape 6, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection.
  • the rigid support 4 and the housing 1 are not limited to being bonded by an adhesive layer, and other conventional sealing connection methods in the prior art can also be used for connection.
  • waterproof and breathable membrane 2 and the casing 1 and the rigid support 4 and the casing 1 are bonded by waterproof double-sided tape 6, which can not only play a waterproof sealing role, but also play an acoustic sealing role to make the acoustics
  • the device 7 has a better acoustic effect.
  • the opposite ends of the rigid support 4 are fixedly connected to the housing 1 by dispensing glue.
  • the rigid support 4 is fixedly connected with the housing 1 by dispensing glue, so that the fixing of the rigid support 4 is more reliable.
  • the rigid support 4 can avoid the force of rubbing. This can better avoid the influence of wrinkles on the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 due to force, etc., affecting audio transmission.
  • the rigid support 4 can be glued and fixed in a pressure-holding state to prevent it from being twisted by force and causing the waterproof and breathable membrane 2 to wrinkle.
  • the rigid support 4 includes a support body 41 and wings 42 respectively connected to opposite ends of the support body 41.
  • the wings 42 are fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the support body 41 is provided with a plurality of through holes 43. That is, the rigid support 4 includes a support main body 41 and two wings 42, the support main body 41 extrudes the telescopic material 3, and the through hole 43 is opened on the support main body 41 to facilitate audio transmission.
  • the supporting body 41 is provided with a plurality of through holes 43, and the size of the through holes 43 can be set to a small-sized micro-hole.
  • the wing 42 is a wing-shaped member formed on both sides of the supporting body 41 and extending outward, and is used to be fixedly connected to the housing 1, and specifically can be connected to the housing 1 by dispensing glue.
  • the waterproof double-sided tape 6 for bonding the rigid support 4 and the housing 1 correspondingly includes a main body ring and two wings connected to both sides of the main body ring, so that the rigid The periphery of the support 4 is reliably connected to the housing 1 in a fixed manner.
  • a groove 13 for installing the hard support 4 may be provided on the housing 1, and the shape of the groove 13 is the same as that of the hard support 4. Then the installation groove 12 for installing the waterproof breathable membrane 2 and the retractable material is opened at the bottom of the groove 13, that is, the two form a stepped surface, and the rigid support 4 and the stepped surface can be passed through a waterproof double-sided tape 6 and other fixed connections.
  • bracket 5 one side of the bracket 5 is hermetically connected to the rigid support 4, the other side has a cavity 54 for sealingly installing the acoustic device 7, and the bracket 5 has a communication cavity
  • the sound hole 51 of the bracket 54 of the body That is, through the setting of the bracket 5, the acoustic device 7 is installed in a sealed manner, and the bracket 5 is sealed to one side of the rigid support 4, that is, the periphery of the bracket sound hole 51 is sealed with the rigid support 4, so as to achieve acoustic sealing , In order to ensure the audio transmission effect of the acoustic device 7.
  • bracket sound hole 51, the through hole 43 on the rigid support 4 and the telescopic material sound hole 31 and the housing sound hole 11 should be at least partially opposite to the sound hole of the acoustic device 7, then The audio generated by the acoustic device 7 can be transmitted through the channel composed of the above-mentioned holes.
  • the bracket sound hole 51, the telescopic material sound hole 31, and the housing sound hole 11 are arranged directly opposite to each other.
  • the bracket 5 includes a hard main body 52 and a silicone member 53 fixedly connected to the hard main body 52.
  • the silicone member 53 includes a sealing ring 531 protruding from one side of the hard main body and a sealing part located on the other side of the hard main body. 532.
  • the sealing portion 532 forms a cavity 54 and the sealing ring 531 is sealed with the hard support 4.
  • the bracket 5 may be formed by double-shot injection molding, the rigid body 52 may be a plastic part, and the plastic part has good supporting strength, and the bracket sound hole 51 is opened on the plastic part and the silicone part.
  • the silicone part 53 is elastic and forms a sealing ring 531 and a sealing part 532.
  • the bracket sound hole 51 is located inside the sealing ring 531.
  • the sealing ring 531 protrudes from one side of the plastic part to be connected to the hard support 4 in a sealed manner.
  • 532 forms a cavity 54 on the other side of the plastic part.
  • the acoustic device 7 is installed in the cavity 54.
  • the cavity 54 can wrap the acoustic device 7 to achieve the acoustic seal between the acoustic device 7 and the bracket 5.
  • the mass support 4 is sealed by the sealing ring 531, so the acoustic device 7 and the rigid support 4 are indirectly sealed and connected through the bracket 5, thereby ensuring the audio transmission effect.
  • the bracket 5 can be specifically provided with a limiting component to cooperate with other parts in the housing 1 to facilitate the installation of corresponding components.
  • a limit hole may be provided on the bracket 5 to cooperate with the positioning protrusion on the battery assembly 8 to achieve positioning.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes any acoustic waterproof structure in the foregoing embodiments. Since the electronic device adopts the acoustic waterproof structure in the foregoing embodiment, please refer to the foregoing embodiment for the beneficial effects of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device may be a wearable device such as a bracelet and a watch.
  • the casing 1 may be the casing of the main body of the wristband.
  • the electronic device may also be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet, or other devices with an acoustic device 7 such as a tracker.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电子设备及声学防水结构，包括壳体、防水透气膜、可伸缩材料件和硬质支撑件，壳体具有壳体声孔，防水透气膜的一侧与壳体密封连接并覆盖壳体声孔，另一侧与可伸缩材料件相抵靠，可伸缩材料件上具有可伸缩材料件声孔，硬质支撑件上具有至少一个通孔，且硬质支撑件的一侧与壳体密封连接并挤压可伸缩材料件，另一侧用于与声学装置连接。应用本发明提供的声学防水结构，硬质支撑件挤压可伸缩材料件，可伸缩材料件能够持续向防水透气膜提供抵抗液体进入作用力的反作用力，以满足防水要求。同时，通过可伸缩材料件的设置，能够防止防水透气膜发生变形、褶皱，进而保证密封效果的同时避免了对声学性能的不利影响。且维护成本较低。

Description

一种电子设备及声学防水结构 技术领域
本发明涉及防水结构技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种声学防水结构，还涉及一种具有该声学防水结构的电子设备。
背景技术
声学装置及麦克风在多种电子设备中均有应用，如手环、手表等可穿戴设备中均可配置声学装置及麦克风。
以可穿戴设备为例，随着其功能日益完善，既要求其具有良好的声学性能，同时又要满足高级别防水要求。而良好的声学性能及防水性能均需要通过密封结构来满足。目前，常规的密封结构多采用热熔胶、硅胶等点胶密封。然而，点胶固定成本较高，且不具有返修性，后期维护成本较高。
综上所述，如何有效地解决点胶密封结构维护成本高等问题，是目前本领域技术人员需要解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种声学防水结构，该声学防水结构的结构设计可以有效地解决点胶密封结构维护成本高的问题，本发明的第二个目的是提供一种包括上述声学防水结构的电子设备。
为了达到上述第一个目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种声学防水结构，包括壳体、防水透气膜、可伸缩材料件和硬质支撑件，所述壳体具有壳体声孔，所述防水透气膜的一侧与所述壳体密封连接并覆盖所述壳体声孔，另一侧与所述可伸缩材料件相抵靠，所述可伸缩材料件上具有可伸缩材料件声孔，所述硬质支撑件上具有至少一个通孔，且所述硬质支撑件的一侧与所述壳体密封连接并挤压所述可伸缩材料件，另一侧用于声学装置连接。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述壳体具有安装槽，所述壳体声孔开设于所述安装槽的槽底，所述防水透气膜和所述可伸缩材料件均放置于所述安装槽内，且所述防水透气膜与所述安装槽的槽底密封连接。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述可伸缩材料件为闭孔泡棉。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述防水透气膜与所述壳体间通过防水双面胶连接。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述硬质支撑件与所述壳体之间通过防水双面胶连接。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述硬质支撑件的相对的两端通过点胶与所述壳体固定连接。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述硬质支撑件包括支撑主体和分别连接于所述支撑主体相对两端的翼部，所述翼部与所述壳体固定连接，所述支撑主体上开设有多个所述通孔。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，还包括支架，所述支架的一侧与所述硬质支撑件密封连接，另一侧具有用于密封安装所述声学装置的腔体，且所述支架具有与所述腔体连通的支架声孔。
优选地，上述声学防水结构中，所述支架包括硬质主体和与所述硬质主体固定连接的硅胶件，所述硅胶件包括凸出于所述硬质主体一侧的密封圈和位于所述硬质主体另一侧的密封部，所述密封部形成所述腔体，所述密封圈与所述硬质支撑件密封。
本发明提供的声学防水结构包括壳体、防水透气膜、可伸缩材料件和硬质支撑件。其中，壳体具有壳体声孔，防水透气膜的一侧与壳体密封连接并覆盖壳体声孔，另一侧与可伸缩材料件相抵靠，硬质支撑件上具有至少一个通孔，且硬质支撑件的一侧与壳体密封连接并挤压可伸缩材料件，另一侧用于与声学装置连接，则声学装置的音频能够经硬质支撑件的通孔、可伸缩材料件的可伸缩材料件声孔及防水透气膜和壳体声孔传输。
应用本发明提供的声学防水结构时，防水透气膜可以允许音频通过，但能够阻止液体通过，故通过在壳体上设置防水透气膜可以起到防水作用。可伸缩材料件与防水透气膜相抵靠，能够为防水透气膜提供支撑作用。硬质支撑件又挤压可伸缩材料件，则硬质支撑件对防水透气膜和可伸缩材料件提供 支撑作用。且可伸缩材料件被挤压，故其能够持续向防水透气膜提供抵抗液体进入作用力的反作用力，以满足高级别防水要求。同时，通过可伸缩材料件的设置，硬质支撑件背离可伸缩材料件的一侧安装其他部件时，即使硬质支撑件受力发生位移，硬质支撑件作用于可伸缩材料件的作用力被可伸缩材料件吸收，不会传递至防水透气膜，防止防水透气膜发生变形、褶皱，进而保证密封效果的同时避免了对声学性能的不利影响。且在防水透气膜损坏时，更换新的防水透气膜即可，无需更换其他零部件，因而维护成本较低。
为了达到上述第二个目的，本发明还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述任一种声学防水结构。由于上述的声学防水结构具有上述技术效果，具有该声学防水结构的电子设备也应具有相应的技术效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一部分附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一个具体实施例的声学防水结构的剖面结构示意图；
图2为图1中壳体的局部结构示意图；
图3为图1中防水透气膜和可伸缩材料件的组合结构示意图；
图4为防水透气膜和可伸缩材料件装配于壳体的示意图；
图5为图1中硬质支撑件的结构示意图；
图6为硬质支撑件装配于壳体的示意图；
图7为图1中支架的结构示意图；
图8为电池组件装配与壳体内的结构示意图。
附图中标记如下：
壳体1，防水透气膜2，可伸缩材料件3，硬质支撑件4，支架5，防水双面胶6，声学装置7，电池组件8，壳体声孔11，安装槽12，凹槽13，可伸缩材料件声孔31，支撑主体41，翼部42，通孔43，支架声孔51，硬质主体52，硅胶件53，密封圈531，密封部532，腔体54。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种电子设备及声学防水结构，以满足高级别防水要求，降低后期维护成本。
请参阅图1-图8，图1为本发明一个具体实施例的声学防水结构的剖面结构示意图，图2-8为图1中各部件及装配关系示意图。
在一个具体实施例中，本发明提供的声学防水结构包括壳体1、防水透气膜2、可伸缩材料件3和硬质支撑件4。
其中，壳体1为主体支撑防护结构，在该声学防水结构用于可穿戴设备等电子设备时，则可以为电子设备的壳体1。根据需要，也可以为声学防水结构单独设置的壳体1。壳体1具有壳体声孔11，用于音频传播。壳体1的具体形状可根据需要设置，此处不做具体限定。
防水透气膜2的一侧与壳体1密封连接并覆盖壳体声孔11，另一侧与可伸缩材料件3相抵靠。防水透气膜2，即允许音频通过但阻止液体通过的膜。需要说明的是，防水透气膜2中的防水泛指阻止液体通过，并不局限于水。通过将防水透气膜2与壳体1密封连接并覆盖壳体声孔11，实现了防水。由于防水透气膜2一般为柔性的薄膜，为对其进行支撑设置可伸缩材料件3，可伸缩材料件3与防水透气膜2相抵靠，具体二者可以固定连接为一体，组成防水膜组件。可伸缩材料件3具有可伸缩材料件声孔31，以允许音频传输。当然，该可伸缩材料件声孔31应至少部分与壳体1的壳体声孔11相对。可伸缩材料件3具体可以为泡棉。
硬质支撑件4上具有至少一个通孔43，且硬质支撑件4的一侧与壳体1密封连接并挤压可伸缩材料件3，另一侧用于与声学装置7连接，则声学装置7的音频能够经硬质支撑件4的通孔43、可伸缩材料件3的可伸缩材料件声孔31及防水透气膜2和壳体声孔11传输。具体的，声学装置7可以为扬声器或者麦克风。硬质支撑件4主要对防水透气膜2和可伸缩材料件3起到支撑作用，其具体可以为钢片等金属材料片。硬质支撑件4与壳体1密封连接，可伸缩材料件3的一侧 与防水透气膜2相抵靠，另一侧受硬质支撑件4挤压，从而硬质支撑件4通过可伸缩材料件3向防水透气膜2施加作用力。具体的，通过设置可伸缩材料件3的厚度，调整硬质支撑件4挤压可伸缩材料件3的压缩量，进而控制防水透气膜2的受力大小，以满足相应的防水等级要求。硬质支撑件4上开设至少一个通孔43，以允许音频通过。当然，通孔43应至少部分与可伸缩材料件3上的可伸缩材料件声孔31相对。为了保证音频传输的同时，提供更好的支撑作用，硬质支撑件4上具体可以开设多个通孔43，通孔43的尺寸可以为小于1mm等的微孔。
应用本发明提供的声学防水结构时，防水透气膜2可以允许音频通过，但能够阻止液体通过，故通过在壳体1上设置防水透气膜2可以起到防水作用。可伸缩材料件3与防水透气膜2相抵靠，能够为防水透气膜2提供支撑作用。硬质支撑件4又挤压可伸缩材料件3，则硬质支撑件4对防水透气膜2和可伸缩材料件3提供支撑作用。且可伸缩材料件3被挤压，故其能够持续向防水透气膜2提供抵抗液体进入作用力的反作用力，以满足高级别防水要求，如5ATM防水要求。
同时，通过可伸缩材料件3的设置，硬质支撑件4背离可伸缩材料件3的一侧安装其他部件时，即使硬质支撑件4受力发生位移，硬质支撑件4作用于可伸缩材料件3的作用力被可伸缩材料件3吸收，不会传递至防水透气膜2，防止防水透气膜2发生变形、褶皱，进而保证密封效果的同时避免了对声学性能的不利影响。且在防水透气膜2损坏时，更换新的防水透气膜2即可，无需更换其他零部件，因而维护成本较低。
具体的，壳体1具有安装槽12，壳体声孔11开设于安装槽12的槽底，防水透气膜2和可伸缩材料件3均放置于安装槽12内，且防水透气膜2与安装槽12的槽底密封连接。通过安装槽12的设置，便于防水透气膜2及可伸缩材料件3的安装，且安装槽12对可伸缩材料件3周向可起到限位作用，便于硬质支撑件4由可伸缩材料件3的一侧对其施加加压作用力。优选的，安装槽12的深度应小于防水透气膜2与可伸缩材料件3的总厚度，从而硬质支撑件4与壳体1密封连接时能够更好的挤压可伸缩材料件3。具体的，安装槽12的形状与防水透气膜2的形状相同，如防水透气膜2采用圆形膜，则安装槽12相应为截面呈圆形 的槽。壳体声孔11开设于槽底，则防水透气膜2的一侧与槽底密封连接后，防水透气膜2封堵在壳体声孔11处，从而起到防水作用。
上述实施例中，可伸缩材料件3为闭孔泡棉。采用闭孔泡棉，既可以吸收硬质支撑件4传递的沿防水透气膜2端面方向的剪切作用力，以防止防水透气膜2发生变形、褶皱，同时，闭孔泡棉受挤压时可达到声学密封的效果，因而无需再单独设置声学密封件。根据需要，可伸缩材料件3也可以采用海绵等其他能够吸收硬质支撑件4作用力的弹性材料。
在一个实施例中，防水透气膜2与壳体1间通过防水双面胶6连接。也就是防水透气膜2的一侧具有粘合剂层，通过粘合剂层将防水透气膜2与壳体1密封连接，在壳体1具有安装槽12时，则通过粘合剂层将防水透气膜2与安装槽12的槽底密封连接。具体的，防水透气膜2的一侧设置一圈粘合剂层。采用防水双面胶6连接，实现密封的同时，可将二者固定连接，从而保证了防水结构的可靠性。为了提高防水双面胶6的粘合力，装配时，通过工装保压激活防水双面胶6，并在保压状态下将防水透气膜2与壳体1粘结，从而保证了连接可靠性。根据需要，防水透气膜2与壳体1也并不局限于通过粘合剂层粘结，也可以采用现有技术中其他常规的密封连接方式连接。需要说明的是，装配时，防水透气膜2与可伸缩材料件3组成防水膜组件，防水膜组件的一侧，即防水透气膜2侧设置上述粘合剂层，另一侧即可伸缩材料件3侧不设置粘合剂层，直接与硬质支撑件4接触，受硬质支撑件4的挤压作用。
在一个实施例中，硬质支撑件4与壳体1之间通过防水双面胶6连接。也就是支撑件的一侧设置有粘合剂层，通过粘合剂层将硬质支撑件4与壳体1密封连接。具体的，硬质支撑件4的一侧设置一圈粘合剂层。采用防水双面胶6连接，实现密封的同时，可将二者固定连接，从而保证了防水结构的可靠性。为了提高防水双面胶6的粘合力，装配时，将防水双面胶6的一侧与硬质支撑件4粘结，组成硬质支撑件组件，并通过保压激活防水双面胶6，在保压状态下通过防水双面胶6将硬质支撑件4与壳体1粘结，从而保证了连接可靠性。根据需要，硬质支撑件4与壳体1也并不局限于通过粘合剂层粘结，也可以采用现有技术中其他常规的密封连接方式连接。
另外，防水透气膜2与壳体1间及硬质支撑件4与壳体1间通过防水双面胶6粘结，既可以起到防水密封作用，同时可起到声学密封作用，以使声学装置7具有更好的声学效果。
在上述各实施例中，硬质支撑件4的相对的两端通过点胶与壳体1固定连接。通过将硬质支撑件4与壳体1点胶固定连接，使得硬质支撑件4的固定更为可靠，在其受到其他部件，如电池支架组装时的剪切力时，能够避免受力搓动，进而更好的避免了防水透气膜2受力发生褶皱等影响音频传输。装配时，硬质支撑件4可在保压状态下点胶固定，避免其受力搓动，造成防水透气膜2褶皱。
进一步地，硬质支撑件4包括支撑主体41和分别连接于支撑主体41相对两端的翼部42，翼部42与壳体1固定连接，支撑主体41上开设有多个通孔43。也就是硬质支撑件4包括支撑主体41和两个翼部42，支撑主体41挤压可伸缩材料件3，通孔43开设于支撑主体41上，以便于音频传输。具体的，支撑主体41上开设有多个通孔43，通孔43的尺寸可以设置为尺寸较小的微孔。翼部42即位于支撑主体41两侧并向外延伸形成的翼状部件，用于与壳体1固定连接，具体可通过点胶与壳体1连接。在硬质支撑件4具有翼部42的情况下，则粘结硬质支撑件4与壳体1的防水双面胶6相应包括主体环和连接于主体环两侧的两翼，从而将硬质支撑件4的四周可靠的与壳体1固定连接。
为了便于硬质支撑件4与壳体1的连接，壳体1上可以设置安装硬质支撑件4的凹槽13，凹槽13的形状与硬质支撑件4的形状相同。则用于安装防水透气膜2和可伸缩材料的安装槽12开设于该凹槽13的槽底，也就是二者形成台阶面，则硬质支撑件4与台阶面间可通过防水双面胶6等固定连接。
在上述各实施例的基础上，还包括支架5，支架5的一侧与硬质支撑件4密封连接，另一侧具有用于密封安装声学装置7的腔体54，且支架5具有连通腔体54的支架声孔51。也就是通过支架5的设置，以密封安装声学装置7，且支架5与硬质支撑件4的一侧密封连接，也就是将支架声孔51四周与硬质支撑件4密封，从而实现声密封，以保证声学装置7的音频传输效果。当然，支架声孔51、硬质支撑件4上的通孔43及可伸缩材料件声孔31和壳体声孔11应至少部分相对，且与声学装置7的出声孔至少部分相对，则声学装置7发出的音频 能够经由上述各孔组成的通道传输。优选的，支架声孔51、可伸缩材料件声孔31和壳体声孔11正对设置。
进一步地，支架5包括硬质主体52和与硬质主体52固定连接的硅胶件53，硅胶件53包括凸出于硬质主体一侧的密封圈531和位于硬质主体另一侧的密封部532，密封部532形成腔体54，密封圈531与硬质支撑件4密封。具体的，支架5可以通过双射注塑成型，硬质主体52可以为塑胶件，塑胶件具有良好的支撑强度，支架声孔51开设于塑胶件及硅胶件上。硅胶件53具有弹性，其形成密封圈531与密封部532，支架声孔51位于密封圈531以内，密封圈531凸出于塑胶件的一侧，以与硬质支撑件4密封连接，密封部532形成位于塑胶件另一侧的腔体54，声学装置7安装于腔体54中，腔体54能够包裹声学装置7从而实现声学装置7与支架5间的声学密封，又由于支架5与硬质支撑件4间通过密封圈531密封，因而声学装置7与硬质支撑件4通过支架5间接密封连接，进而保证音频传输效果。
支架5上具体可以设置于限位部件，以与壳体1内其他部分配合，便于对应部件的安装。如壳体1内设置有电池组件8时，则支架5上可以设置限位孔，以与电池组件8上的定位凸起配合，实现定位。
基于上述实施例中提供的声学防水结构，本发明还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述实施例中任意一种声学防水结构。由于该电子设备采用了上述实施例中的声学防水结构，所以该电子设备的有益效果请参考上述实施例。
具体的，该电子设备可以为手环、手表等可穿戴设备。以电子设备为手环为例，则壳体1可以为手环主体的壳体。电子设备也可以是手机、平板等移动终端，还可以是跟踪器等其他具有声学装置7的设备。
本说明书中各个实施例采用并列或者递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同或相似部分互相参见即可。
还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包 括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种声学防水结构，其特征在于，包括壳体(1)、防水透气膜(2)、可伸缩材料件(3)和硬质支撑件(4)，所述壳体(1)具有壳体声孔(11)，所述防水透气膜(2)的一侧与所述壳体(1)密封连接并覆盖所述壳体声孔(11)，另一侧与所述可伸缩材料件(3)相抵靠，所述可伸缩材料件(3)上具有可伸缩材料件声孔(31)，所述硬质支撑件(4)上具有至少一个通孔(43)，且所述硬质支撑件(4)的一侧与所述壳体(1)密封连接并挤压所述可伸缩材料件(3)，另一侧用于与声学装置(7)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述壳体(1)具有安装槽(12)，所述壳体声孔(11)开设于所述安装槽(12)的槽底，所述防水透气膜(2)和所述可伸缩材料件(3)均放置于所述安装槽(12)内，且所述防水透气膜(2)与所述安装槽(12)的槽底密封连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述可伸缩材料件(3)为闭孔泡棉。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述防水透气膜(2)与所述壳体(1)间通过防水双面胶(6)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述硬质支撑件(4)与所述壳体(1)之间通过防水双面胶(6)连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述硬质支撑件(4)的相对的两端通过点胶与所述壳体(1)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述硬质支撑件(4)包括支撑主体(41)和分别连接于所述支撑主体(41)相对两端的翼部(42)，所述翼部(42)与所述壳体(1)固定连接，所述支撑主体(41)上开设有多个所述通孔(43)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，还包括支架(5)，所述支架(5)的一侧与所述硬质支撑件(4)密封连接，另一侧具有用于密封安装声学装置(7)的腔体(54)，且所述支架(5)具有与所述腔体(54)连通的支架声孔(51)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的声学防水结构，其特征在于，所述支架(5) 包括硬质主体(52)和与所述硬质主体(52)固定连接的硅胶件(53)，所述硅胶件(53)包括凸出于所述硬质主体(52)一侧的密封圈(531)和位于所述硬质主体(52)另一侧的密封部(532)，所述密封部(532)形成所述腔体(54)，所述密封圈(531)与所述硬质支撑件(4)密封。
  10. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括声学装置(7)和如权利要求1-9任一项所述的声学防水结构。
PCT/CN2019/128184 2019-12-25 2019-12-25 一种电子设备及声学防水结构 WO2021128040A1 (zh)

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