WO2021122736A1 - Method and device for treating the surface of workpieces - Google Patents
Method and device for treating the surface of workpieces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021122736A1 WO2021122736A1 PCT/EP2020/086407 EP2020086407W WO2021122736A1 WO 2021122736 A1 WO2021122736 A1 WO 2021122736A1 EP 2020086407 W EP2020086407 W EP 2020086407W WO 2021122736 A1 WO2021122736 A1 WO 2021122736A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- container
- workpiece
- grinding
- polishing
- granulate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/003—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor whereby the workpieces are mounted on a holder and are immersed in the abrasive material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/02—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving rotary barrels
- B24B31/0224—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving rotary barrels the workpieces being fitted on a support
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/02—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving rotary barrels
- B24B31/03—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving rotary barrels the workpieces being continuously-travelling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of grinding and / or polishing granules located in a container and moving it in the bed of grinding and / or polishing granules relative to the latter.
- the invention also relates to a particularly suitable device for performing such a method for surface treatment of work pieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece, with a container for Receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate and with at least one workpiece holder on which the workpiece to be processed can be releasably fixed.
- drag finishing machines For the surface treatment of workpieces by dipping the workpiece into a bed of grinding and / or polishing granulate located in a container and moving it in the bed of the grinding and / or polishing granulate relative to this, so-called drag finishing machines are used in particular, which represent chleifmaschinen a spe cial form of sliding S, Chen at wel individually workpieces to be processed, for example, or on one or more clamping devices of a Werk Swisshal ters of the machine are detachably fixed to them as a result of relative movement with respect to the bed of a grinding and / or to grind or polish polishing granulate.
- Drag finishing machines often include a generally rotating part, essentially in the form of a plate that is rotatably driven, for example, by a motor via a suitable gear, on which the workpiece holders are fixed directly or indirectly, for example via lifting devices. This ge happens in particular eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotating part of the drag finishing machine.
- the workpiece holders attached to it describe a trajectory.
- the workpieces carried by the clamping devices of the workpiece holder are immersed in the working container, which is filled with the bulk of the particulate grinding or polishing granulate, often with the addition of liquid processing media such as water, surfactants, etc., whereby the relative movement of the Workpieces in relation to the granulate whose surface processing takes place in the form of vibratory grinding.
- Such drag finishing machines are known, for example, from DE 10204 267 CI, DE 20005 361 Ul or DE 10 2010 052 222 Al.
- the container holding the grinding and / or polishing granulate can be moved relative to the workpieces that are also moving, for example at least rotated around their own axis, or also stationary workpieces, such as around its own axis and / or along a trajectory, e.g. in the form of a circular path. If only the container is moved and the workpieces themselves do not perform any translational movement, this is also referred to as "plunge grinding” or "plunge polishing” as a special form of drag finish.
- Chen processing is essentially stationary clamping device is essentially stationary, also referred to as immersion finishing machines NEN.
- the grinding or polishing granulate can be of different nature and, for example, of natural origin (e.g. made of organic material such as walnut or coconut shells, wood, cherry stone etc.), mineral origin (e.g. made of silica, oxides etc.) and / or of synthetic origin (e.g. made of plastics).
- natural origin e.g. made of organic material such as walnut or coconut shells, wood, cherry stone etc.
- mineral origin e.g. made of silica, oxides etc.
- synthetic origin e.g. made of plastics.
- it is possible - as already indicated - to carry out the vibratory finishing process dry or - with the addition of a liquid processing medium such as water, which can be mixed with additives such as surfactants - in the form of wet processing.
- the Workpiece holders of known drag finishing machines are often rotationally driven, which can be done, for example, by means of suitable motors (see, for example, DE 102010 052 222 A1).
- workpiece holders for Schleppfinishma machines are known whose clamping devices for releasable fastening of the workpieces are rotatably mounted and can be set in rotation via a shaft rotatably mounted in the workpiece holder.
- the workpiece holder has, for example, a planetary gear with a central sun gear, which engages with planetary gears, which in turn is rotatably connected to a support shaft of a respective Spannver circuit, which are arranged distributed around the circumference of the sun wheel of the workpiece holder.
- the processing medium achieves a uniform processing quality with shorter processing times compared to a purely translational movement.
- the workpiece holder itself can alternatively or additionally be fixed rotatably in a corresponding manner on the support part of the drag finishing machine (cf., for example, DE 202009 008 070 U1).
- the area of application of such drag and / or immersion fi nish machines includes not only the surface treatment of mass-produced articles, but also the treatment of precision parts with a relatively complex geometry, the surface quality of which is subject to very high requirements and which, in particular, have to meet very low tolerances.
- Medical prostheses, optical lenses or mechanical precision components for the mechanical engineering industry are only mentioned as examples. This requires the adherence to very narrow process parameters for surface processing and, in particular, a very high level of reproducibility in order to ensure that the workpieces are provided with the individually desired surface properties in a more or less identical manner.
- the relative speed between the workpiece and the granulate particles which can usually be adjusted by means of suitable control drives of the container and / or the workpiece holder, play a role in this context.
- processing time which can also be preset as a rule, as well as the immersion depth of the workpiece in the Schüt device of grinding and / or polishing granulate play a role, with the abrasive effect of the granulate particles on the due to the increasing immersion depth "hydraulic" pressure of the granulate particles
- Workpiece increases with increasing immersion depth of the same in the granulate bed (cf., for example, EP 2572 829 B1 or DE 102009 021 824 A1).
- the invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device for surface processing of work pieces of the type mentioned at least largely avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages in a simple and inexpensive manner to the effect that the effectiveness of the surface processing of the workpieces is improved and thus in particular shorter Processing times can be achieved.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in a method for surface processing of workpieces of the type mentioned at the outset in that the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece during the surface processing of the workpiece, in that the for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate available receiving volume of the container is compressed.
- the invention also provides for solving this problem in a device for surface machining of workpieces of the type mentioned at the outset that it has at least one pressure generating device designed to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules has to press the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece during its surface treatment.
- the method according to the invention consequently provides - in addition to pressing the particles of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece to be processed due to the dead weight of the grinding and / or polishing granules and possibly purely due to centrifugal forces - before mechanically pressing the particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece during the surface processing of the workpiece by using the and / or polishing granules available receiving volume of the container is compressed.
- the efficiency of surface machining can be increased significantly and the cycle times required for surface machining can be reduced accordingly.
- the invention due to the mechanical pressing of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface, in particular also opens up the possibility of in In the event of at least a proportion of more or min of the spherical particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules in the bed, to ensure a surface treatment similar to rolling, by rolling the essentially round particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules along the workpiece surface and this smooths them.
- the strength of the workpiece can also be increased, whereby high and comparatively low internal compressive stresses can be generated, depending on whether the grinding and / or polishing granulate is depending on its type and grain shape and / or depending on its pressure against the workpiece being machined h causes a vibratory grinding process and / or a rolling process of the workpiece.
- the method according to the invention can in any case only be determined by the method parameters of the relative speed of the workpiece in relation to the grinding and / or polishing Granulate and the pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface control and / or regulate, the depth of immersion of the workpiece in the Schüt device practically no longer plays a role and is negligible.
- the device according to the invention for surface processing of workpieces is equipped with a pressure generating device, which is used to compress the volume of the container and available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules -
- a pressure generating device which is used to compress the volume of the container and available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules -
- - is expediently designed to generate a variable pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece surface and enables any known grinding and / or polishing particles to be used.
- the compression of the stationary for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules available recording can be done volume of the container in principle in any manner, for example by means of a displaceable relative to the container lid, which with a desired, expensive-before preferably S and / or controllable , Pressure from above against the grinding and / or polishing granulate received in the container can be pressed, according to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention it can be provided that at least one expansion element is arranged in the container and the expansion element is expanded, in order to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules and in this way to press the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece.
- the pressure generating device has at least one expansion element arranged in the container, which can be expanded to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules.
- an, for example elastic, flexible expansion element with at least one expansion chamber is used, where a pressure fluid, in particular a pressure fluid, is applied to the expansion chamber in order to expand the expansion element .
- a pressure fluid in particular a pressure fluid
- the expansion element is made of, for example, an elastic, flexible material and has at least one expansion chamber which can be acted upon with a pressure fluid, in particular with a pressure fluid to expand the expansion element.
- the flexible expansion element can, for example, be primarily made of elastomeric plastics, such as those based on rubber, silicone, thermoplastic or thermoset polyurethane nelastomers and the like, to which essentially particulate and / or fibrous reinforcing materials can advantageously be added to increase the abrasion resistance.
- the expansion element can either have one or more, communicating or in particular special expansion chambers that can be acted upon separately by the pressure fluid, depending on the geometry of the workpiece to be machined and depending on its desired Surface quality to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the bed from the grinding and / or polishing granules essentially symmetrically, e.g.
- the pressure fluid used can, for example, be a gas or preferably a liquid, such as water, hydraulic oil or the like.
- the pressure fluid can, if necessary, be cooled and in particular essentially continuously through the at least one expansion chamber of the flexible expansion chamber. Element are passed through, so that it can also serve as a cooling medium for the heat generated during the surface treatment as a result of the frictional contact of the grinding and / or polishing granules with the surface of the expansion element.
- the expansion element is arranged on at least one inside section of a wall, e.g. on the circumferential wall, or essentially over its entire circumference on the inner circumferential wall, of the container, for example according to Art
- an inner wall made of a, for example elastic, flexible material can be configured so that its expansion chamber (s) is or are formed between the inside section of the wall of the container and the flexible inner wall of the expansion element; or the, for example elastic, resilient expansion element can for its part be double-walled and provided with one or more expansion chamber (s) and applied to at least one inner section of the wall of the container.
- At least one expansion chamber is expediently connected to at least one pressure fluid connection arranged on the outside of the container in order to apply the pressure fluid to it, if necessary, and to expand it by the desired amount.
- a separate expansion element ie not connected to at least one wall section of the container, can be inserted into the container, such an expansion element in particular having a carrier, e.g. in the manner of a more or less rigid cage can be, which includes at least one pressure chamber sender, resilient material and, if necessary, gives it the necessary dimensional stability.
- the respectively desired pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece is controlled and / or regulated so that the pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the
- the workpiece is not only variable, but also, for example, different surface processing cycles can be carried out with different contact pressures of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface, such as an initial rough grinding with (very) high contact pressure, followed by fine grinding with a lower one Contact pressure and a final polishing with (very) low contact pressure, etc., with the invention of course also enables a practically pressureless surface processing of the workpieces according to the prior art, for example by the compression of the grinding and / or polishing granulate for Ver Addition standing receiving volume of the container serving expansion element is not expanded.
- the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece e.g. essentially sinusoidal, sawtooth or otherwise, is changed in periodic cycles during its surface processing - be it between two or more different Druckni levels or be it between one or more pressure levels compared to a by means of the pressure generating device he testified contact pressure of about zero -.
- the several expansion chambers of the one or several expansion elements can be pressurized and relieved of pressure in the case of an alternating pressurization of their expansion chambers, both essentially synchronously and in succession.
- the available range of possible combinations of different expansion chambers, different controls and different pressures lead to very broad and comprehensive processing conditions, which can be set individually depending on the material of the workpiece and its desired surface finish.
- the pressure generating device can be controlled and / or regulated so that it is designed in particular to carry out the method variants described above.
- the pressure generating device comprises an, for example elastic, flexible expansion element with at least one pressure chamber, in particular at least one pressure control and / or regulating device, for example in the form of a pressure control and / or regulating valve, a pressure control and / or controllable pump or the like, which is designed to control and / or regulate the pressure of the pressure fluid, with which the at least one expansion chamber of the expansion element made of a flexible material can be acted upon.
- Different surface processing profiles can of course be storable in a manner known as such in an electronic control and / or regulating device of the device in order to call them up as required.
- the container is essentially completely filled with the grinding and / or polishing granulate and the workpiece is immersed in the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container, after which the container, insbesonde re by means of a lid, is closed and the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece becomes.
- the cover prevents the grinding and / or polishing granules from being displaced during the compression of the receptacle volume as a result of expansion of the expansion element, so that a more or less linear relationship between the pressure of the pressure fluid with which the expansion chamber (n ) of the Expansionsele Mentes is or are acted upon, and the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface and consequently a very high reproducibility can be achieved, regardless of an essentially constant or at least one over a long period of time temporarily or continuously, periodically alternating de expansion of the expansion element.
- the container can advantageously be closed by means of a lid for this purpose, wherein the workpiece holder can be mounted on the lid, for example, so that the container with means of the lid is closed at the same time when the one or more carried by the workpiece holder (n ) Workpiece (s) is or are immersed in the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container, so that very simple handling and - if desired - simple automation of the surface processing results, provided the lid with the Workpiece holder, for example, arranged on a motor-operated guide and interacts, for example, with a magazine for storing workpieces that have not yet been processed and / or a storage station for storing workpieces that have already been processed.
- a liquid processing medium e.g. water or aqueous solutions, to which various surfactants or other additives can be added (cf. e.g. DE 102009 004 916 A1), is added to the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container .
- the container can preferably be flowed through with the liquid machining medium during machining of the workpiece, the latter preferably being recirculated and in particular cleaned and / or cooled in order to remove impurities such as dirt particles, lubricants, abrasion, etc. and / or as To serve as a cooling medium during the surface treatment, as is known as such, for example, from DE 10 2012 025 233 B4.
- liquid inlet which is designed for supplying a liquid processing medium and which can expediently be provided on an upper level of the container, e.g. in a lid thereof, and / or
- liquid outlet which is designed to discharge a liquid processing medium and which can expediently be provided on a lower level of the container, e.g. in a base thereof.
- the liquid outlet can also expediently be provided with a retaining device for the grinding and / or polishing granulate, such as a sieve, a filter, a sintered metal insert or the like.
- the process according to the invention enables basically drive any type of relative movement known from the prior art, such as
- - Is in connection with a vibration generator, in particular in the form of an ultrasound source, a piezoelectric actuator or an unbalance drive.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section through an embodiment of a device according to the invention for surface processing of workpieces with an expansion element arranged in the container for receiving a grinding and / or polishing granulate and a workpiece releasably fixed on a workpiece holder before its surface processing;
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the device for the surface processing of workpieces according to FIG. 1 during the upper surface processing of the workpiece;
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 2 through a further embodiment of a device for the surface treatment of workpieces during the surface treatment of a workpiece;
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the loading container of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 along the sectional plane IV-IV of FIG. 2 in the area of the expansion element;
- 5 shows a carrier for receiving an alternative embodiment of an expansion element
- 6 to 9 are schematic top views of various exemplary embodiments of expansion elements with different numbers and arrangements of expansion chambers.
- a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for the surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece 1 is shown schematically, which has a container 2 serving to accommodate the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate, the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate not being shown in the drawing and only its filling level F in the container 2 being indicated in FIG is.
- the device also comprises at least one workpiece holder 3, on wel chem the workpiece 3 to be machined can be detachably fixed in a conventional manner.
- the workpiece holder 3 carrying the workpiece 1 can be moved relative to the container 2, and in the present case it is rotatable about its longitudinal axis A (see FIG. 1) and is connected to a motorized rotary drive M for this purpose.
- the Drehan drive M is in particular speed controllable and / or regulatable in order to set the workpiece 1 during its surface processing in different rotational speeds, be they essentially constant or be they, in particular periodically, alternating.
- the rotation-driven by means of the motor drive M workpiece holder 3 is in the embodiment shown in the drawing, for example, by means of suitable bearings 4 on a cover 5, by means of which the container 2 can be closed essentially pressure-tight when the cover 5 is connected to the Workpiece holder 3 and the workpiece 1 clamped to it has been transferred from its rest position shown in FIG. 1 to its working position shown in FIG. 2 in order to transfer the workpiece 1 into the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container 2 (not shown) and to machine the surface of the workpiece 1 by setting the workpiece holder 3 in rotation by means of its rotary drive M.
- the container 2 of the device for the surface treatment of workpieces furthermore comprises, on the one hand, a liquid inlet 6a which is arranged at an upper level of the container 2 - here: in its cover 5 essentially concentric to the workpiece holder 3 - which is used for supplying a liquid Processing medium is used.
- the container 2 comprises a liquid outlet 6b arranged at a lower level of the same - here: essentially centrally in its bottom 7 - which serves to discharge the liquid processing medium and has a retaining device 8 for the grinding and / or polishing granulate, for example, essentially in the form of a sieve, is provided.
- the liquid processing medium which can be, for example, an aqueous surfactant solution, can in this way be removed from the liquid outlet 6b during the surface processing of the workpiece 1, optionally cleaned and / or cooled and recirculated into the liquid inlet 6a (not shown in the drawing).
- the device for surface processing of workpieces also has a pressure generating device 10, which is designed to press the grinding and / or polishing granulate (not shown) against the workpiece 10 in the situation of the surface processing of the workpiece 1 shown in FIG. 2.
- the pressure generating device For this purpose, device 10 is designed to compress the volume of the container 2 available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate, which the pressure generating device 10 is consequently able to reduce as required in order to reduce the granulate particles both against each other and in particular against the workpiece to press the surface.
- the pressure generating device 10 here comprises at least one expansion element 11 arranged in the interior of the container 2, which can be expanded to compress the receiving volume of the container 1 available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate (not shown).
- the expansion element 11 is made of a particularly elastic, resilient material, such as a wear and abrasion-resistant plastic material, for example polyurethane-based, and is made on at least one section of an inner wall of the container 2 - in the present case essentially on its entire circumferential wall up to the base provided with the liquid outlet 6b. It can be designed, for example, in the manner of an inner lining or inner wall made of the elastically flexible material and at least one - here two - expansion chambers 12, which each in the circumferential direction next to one another and between the inside of the wall of the container 2 and the flexible inner wall of the expansion element 11 are formed (cf. in particular FIG. 4).
- a particularly elastic, resilient material such as a wear and abrasion-resistant plastic material, for example polyurethane-based
- the formed by the expansion element 11 in the inner lining or inner wall of the container 2 is on the one hand in the area of the upper end of the container 2, on the other hand in the bottom area pressure-tight with the container 2 connected, such as welded, clamped, glued or the like.
- the expansion element 11 also has two, in particular with a reinforcement, e.g. made of a metal material, provided sealing lips 11a, which abut against the inner wall of the container 2 in a sealing manner in order to separate the expansion chambers 12 from one another in a substantially pressure-tight manner, so that if necessary they can be acted upon with a pressurized fluid under different pressures.
- Each expansion chamber 12 of the expansion element 11 is also connected to a pressure fluid connection 13 on the outside of the container 2 in order to be able to act on it independently of one another with a pressure fluid, such as a hydraulic fluid, whereby the respective expansion chamber 12 expands and the Expansion element 11 expands in order to reduce the volume of the container 2 and in this way press the grinding and / or polishing granulate particles mechanically against the surface of the workpiece 1.
- a pressure fluid such as a hydraulic fluid
- the Druckmaschineungseinrich device 10 advantageously pressure-controllable and / or regulatable, which happens in the illustrated Tinsbei game by means of a pressure control and / or regulating device 14 configured, for example, in the form of a pump assigned to each pressure fluid connection 13.
- the expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 are expandable in this way independently of one another in the respective desired measure, for example in different upper surface processing stages for different contact pressures of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece 1 and / or to be able to change the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece 1 in particular, e.g. essentially sinusoidal, sawtooth or in any other way, in periodic cycles during its surface treatment - be it between two or more different pressure levels or be it between one or more pressure levels compared to a contact pressure of approximately zero generated by means of the pressure generating device.
- Such periodically alternating pressurization of the expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 can occur synchronously (the expansion chambers 12 are pressurized or depressurized at the same time) or alternately (the expansion chambers 12 are each pressurized or depressurized at different times), so that depending on the desired surface treatment of the workpiece 1 and depending on the material from which it is made, in particular ver different pressure and flow areas and / or different flow profiles of the grinding and / or polishing granules can be set within the container.
- the expansion element 11 can instead have only one expansion chamber 12 or several expansion chambers 12 (not shown) that can be acted upon by the pressure fluid via a common pressure fluid connection, and / or the expansion element 11 can in turn be configured with two layers and accommodate the expansion chamber (s) 12 between these layers (also not shown).
- Fig. 3 is a second embodiment of a device according to the invention for the surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bulk of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece 1 see- automatically reproduced, in which identical and functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals and do not need to be discussed again.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 differs from each of Figs.
- the loading container 2 is provided with an inner mandrel 15 which, for example, from the bottom 7 of the container 2 ago approximately centrally in it Interior protrudes and on the outside of which a further expansion element 11 is applied, the constructive configuration of which can largely correspond to that on the inner wall of the container 2 and in turn by means of a further pressure control and / or regulating device 14, e.g. again in the form of a pump Fluid pressure can be applied.
- a further pressure control and / or regulating device 14 e.g. again in the form of a pump Fluid pressure can be applied.
- the inner surfaces or bottoms of bores la of the workpiece 1, in which the inner mandrel 15 provided with the further Expansi onselement 11 engages, grind and / or polish in an efficacious manner by the further, on the inner mandrel 15 attached expansion element 11 is on the other hand the space between the inner mandrel and the inner circumference of the bore la of the workpiece - be it over longer processing times and / or be it periodically - to compress and thus the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the inner circumference of the bore la des Workpiece 1 is able to press on.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of an expansion element 11 of a pressure generating device 10 which, in contrast to the expansion elements 11 according to FIGS. 1 to 4, is not connected to the container 2, but rather can be inserted individually into the container 2 .
- the expansion element 11 according to FIG. 5 is here essentially in the manner of a bag made of a, in particular elastic, flexible material, such as a plastic material of the type mentioned above, and in turn comprises a pressure fluid connection 13 to it - expediently again by means of a pressure control and / or regulating device 14 not shown again in FIG. 5 (cf. the above FIG.
- the expansion element designed in the manner of a bag is inserted into a carrier 16 that is designed in the manner of a cage and which is in particular around the The start of the expansion element is relatively close-meshed, while it is very coarse-meshed in the direction of the inside of the container 2 or the side of the expansion element 11 facing the inside of the container 2 can also be completely free so that the expansion element 11 is able to freely expand to allow the grinding and / or to press polishing granulate against the workpiece 1 to be machined.
- the expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 depending on Geomet rie and / or desired surface quality of the workpiece 1 have practically any shape and / or are arranged in virtually any orientation relative to each other, such as in Essentially matrix-like (FIG. 6), in the form of one (or also several; not shown) expansion chamber 12 (FIG. 7) extending along a circumferential section of the container 2 essentially in the axial direction (FIG. 7), in the form of one (or also several; not shown) along a circumferential section of the container 2 obliquely to the axial direction of the same extending expansion chamber 12 (Fig. 8), in the form of several, arranged on different circumferential sections and / or axial sections of the container 2 expansion chambers 12 with partly different and / or partly the same geometry (FIG. 9), and the like.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Proposed is a method for treating the surface of workpieces in which the workpiece is immersed in a fill of grinding or polishing granulate, which is located in a container, and is moved in the fill of grinding or polishing granulate relative to same. To increase the effectiveness of the surface treatment, the invention proposes that the grinding or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece during the surface treatment in that the container receiving volume available for receive the grinding or polishing element is compressed, more particularly by means of an expansion element. The invention also relates to a device for treating the surface of workpiece suitable for carrying out such a method, which device is equipped with a pressure generation apparatus designed to compress the container receiving volume available for receiving the grinding and/or polishing granulate in order to press the grinding and/or polishing granulate against the workpiece during the surface treatment thereof.
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken Method and device for the surface treatment of workpieces
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenbe arbeitung von Werkstücken, indem das Werkstück in eine in einem Behälter befindliche Schüttung aus einem Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat eingetaucht und in der Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat relativ zu diesem bewegt wird. Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auf eine insbesondere zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens ge eignete Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werk stücken durch Eintauchen des Werkstückes in eine Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat unter relativer Bewegung derselben in Bezug auf das Werkstück, mit einem Behälter zur Aufnahme des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates und mit wenigstens einem Werkstückhalter, an welchem das zu bearbeitende Werkstück lösbar festlegbar ist. The invention relates to a method for surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of grinding and / or polishing granules located in a container and moving it in the bed of grinding and / or polishing granules relative to the latter. The invention also relates to a particularly suitable device for performing such a method for surface treatment of work pieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece, with a container for Receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate and with at least one workpiece holder on which the workpiece to be processed can be releasably fixed.
Zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken, indem das Werkstück in eine in einem Behälter befindliche Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat eingetaucht und in der Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat relativ zu diesem bewegt wird, finden insbesondere soge nannte Schleppfinishmaschinen Verwendung, welche eine spe zielle Form von GleitSchleifmaschinen darstellen, bei wel chen die zu bearbeitenden Werkstücke z.B. einzeln oder an einer oder mehreren Spanneinrichtungen eines Werkstückhal ters der Maschine lösbar festgelegt werden, um sie infolge der Relativbewegung in Bezug auf die Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat zu schleifen bzw. zu po lieren. Die Wirkungsweise solcher Schleppfinishmaschinen beruht darauf, das zu bearbeitende Werkstück in die in dem Behälter aufgenommene Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat zu tauchen und das Werkstück relativ zu dem
Granulat zu bewegen, wodurch die Oberfläche des Werkstückes je nach Granulatart geschliffen und/oder poliert wird. Schleppfinishmaschinen umfassen häufig ein in der Regel ro tierendes Teil im Wesentlichen in Form eines z.B. motorisch über ein geeignetes Getriebe drehangetriebenen Tellers, an dem die Werkstückhalter unmittelbar oder, beispielsweise über Hubeinrichtungen, mittelbar festgelegt sind. Dies ge schieht insbesondere exzentrisch in Bezug auf die Drehachse des rotierenden Teils der Schleppfinishmaschine. Wird die ses Teil - der sogenannte Teller - der Schleppfinishmaschi ne rotiert, so beschreiben die hieran festgelegten Werk stückhalter eine Bahnkurve. Die von den Spanneinrichtungen der Werkstückhalter getragenen Werkstücke werden dabei in den Arbeitsbehälter eingetaucht, welcher mit der Schüttung aus dem partikelförmigen Schleif- oder Poliergranulat, häu fig unter Zusatz flüssiger Bearbeitungsmedien, wie Wasser, Tenside etc., befüllt ist, wobei aufgrund der Relativbewe gung der Werkstücke in Bezug auf das Granulat deren Ober flächenbearbeitung in Form einer Gleitschleifbearbeitung erfolgt. Derartige Schleppfinishmaschinen sind beispiels weise aus der DE 10204 267 CI, DE 20005 361 Ul oder DE 10 2010 052 222 Al bekannt. For the surface treatment of workpieces by dipping the workpiece into a bed of grinding and / or polishing granulate located in a container and moving it in the bed of the grinding and / or polishing granulate relative to this, so-called drag finishing machines are used in particular, which represent chleifmaschinen a spe cial form of sliding S, Chen at wel individually workpieces to be processed, for example, or on one or more clamping devices of a Werkstückhal ters of the machine are detachably fixed to them as a result of relative movement with respect to the bed of a grinding and / or to grind or polish polishing granulate. The mode of operation of such drag finishing machines is based on immersing the workpiece to be processed into the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate received in the container and the workpiece relative to the To move granules, whereby the surface of the workpiece is ground and / or polished depending on the type of granules. Drag finishing machines often include a generally rotating part, essentially in the form of a plate that is rotatably driven, for example, by a motor via a suitable gear, on which the workpiece holders are fixed directly or indirectly, for example via lifting devices. This ge happens in particular eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotating part of the drag finishing machine. If this part - the so-called plate - of the drag finishing machine rotates, the workpiece holders attached to it describe a trajectory. The workpieces carried by the clamping devices of the workpiece holder are immersed in the working container, which is filled with the bulk of the particulate grinding or polishing granulate, often with the addition of liquid processing media such as water, surfactants, etc., whereby the relative movement of the Workpieces in relation to the granulate whose surface processing takes place in the form of vibratory grinding. Such drag finishing machines are known, for example, from DE 10204 267 CI, DE 20005 361 Ul or DE 10 2010 052 222 Al.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der das Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat aufnehmende Behälter relativ zu den ebenfalls bewegten, beispielsweise zumindest um ihre eigene Achse rotierten, oder auch ruhenden Werkstücken bewegt wer den, wie beispielsweise um seine eigene Achse und/oder ent lang einer Bahnkurve, z.B. in Form einer Kreisbahn. Sofern nur der Behälter bewegt ist und die Werkstücke selbst keine translatorische Bewegung durchführen, so bezeichnet man dies auch als "Tauchschleifen" bzw. "Tauchpolieren" als spezielle Form des Schleppfinish, wobei derartige Maschi nen, bei welchen die das Werkstück während seiner Oberflä-
chenbearbeitung im Wesentlichen stationär Spanneinrichtung im Wesentlichen stationär ist, auch als Tauchfinishmaschi nen bezeichnet werden. Alternatively or additionally, the container holding the grinding and / or polishing granulate can be moved relative to the workpieces that are also moving, for example at least rotated around their own axis, or also stationary workpieces, such as around its own axis and / or along a trajectory, e.g. in the form of a circular path. If only the container is moved and the workpieces themselves do not perform any translational movement, this is also referred to as "plunge grinding" or "plunge polishing" as a special form of drag finish. Chen processing is essentially stationary clamping device is essentially stationary, also referred to as immersion finishing machines NEN.
Das Schleif- oder Poliergranulat kann grundsätzlich je nach zu behandelnden Werkstücken unterschiedlichster Natur und beispielsweise natürlichen Ursprungs (z.B. aus organi schem Material, wie Walnuss- oder Kokosnussschalen, Holz, Kirschkern etc.), mineralischen Ursprungs (z.B. aus Silika ten, Oxiden etc.) und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs (z.B. aus Kunststoffen) sein. Darüber hinaus ist es - wie bereits angedeutet - möglich, die Gleitschleifbearbeitung trocken oder - unter Zusatz eines flüssigen Bearbeitungsmediums, wie beispielsweise Wasser, welches mit Additiven, wie z.B. Tensiden, versetzt sein kann - in Form einer Nassbearbei tung durchzuführen. Depending on the workpieces to be treated, the grinding or polishing granulate can be of different nature and, for example, of natural origin (e.g. made of organic material such as walnut or coconut shells, wood, cherry stone etc.), mineral origin (e.g. made of silica, oxides etc.) and / or of synthetic origin (e.g. made of plastics). In addition, it is possible - as already indicated - to carry out the vibratory finishing process dry or - with the addition of a liquid processing medium such as water, which can be mixed with additives such as surfactants - in the form of wet processing.
Um alternativ oder zusätzlich zu einer translatorischen Bewegung der Werkstücke relativ zu dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat für eine rotatorische Bewegung der Werk stücke, wie um ihre eigene Achse, zu sorgen, was zu einer besonders wirksamen Schleif- bzw. Polierwirkung führt, sind die Werkstückhalter bekannter Schleppfinishmaschinen häufig drehangetrieben, was beispielsweise mittels geeigneter Mo toren geschehen kann (vgl. z.B. die DE 102010 052 222 Al). Darüber hinaus sind Werkstückhalter für Schleppfinishma schinen bekannt, deren Spanneinrichtungen zur lösbaren Be festigung der Werkstücke rotierbar gelagert und über eine drehbar in dem Werkstückhalter gelagerte Welle in Rotation versetzbar sind. Hierzu weist der Werkstückhalter z.B. ein Planetengetriebe mit einem zentralen Sonnenrad auf, welches mit Planetenrädern im Eingriff steht, welche ihrerseits drehfest mit einer Tragwelle eines jeweiligen Spannver schlusses verbunden ist, welche um den Umfang des Sonnen rades des Werkstückhalters verteilt angeordnet sind. Auf-
grund einer solchen Bewegung der an dem Werkstückhalter drehbar gelagerten Spanneinrichtungen mit den Werkstücken, welche sich aus einer translatorischen Bewegung (in Dreh richtung des Tragteils bzw. der "Tellers" der Schleppfi nishmaschine) und einer rotatorischen Bewegung (um die Ach se der jeweiligen Spanneinrichtung bzw. um die Werkstück achse) zusammensetzt, durch das Bearbeitungsmedium wird ei ne gleichmäßige Bearbeitungsqualität bei gegenüber einer rein translatorischen Bewegung kürzeren Bearbeitungszeiten erzielt. Darüber hinaus kann alternativ oder zusätzlich der Werkstückhalter selbst auf entsprechende Weise drehbar an dem Tragteil der Schleppfinishmaschine festgelegt sein (vgl. z.B. die DE 202009 008 070 Ul). As an alternative or in addition to a translational movement of the workpieces relative to the grinding and / or polishing granulate for a rotational movement of the work pieces, such as about their own axis, which leads to a particularly effective grinding or polishing effect, the Workpiece holders of known drag finishing machines are often rotationally driven, which can be done, for example, by means of suitable motors (see, for example, DE 102010 052 222 A1). In addition, workpiece holders for Schleppfinishma machines are known whose clamping devices for releasable fastening of the workpieces are rotatably mounted and can be set in rotation via a shaft rotatably mounted in the workpiece holder. For this purpose, the workpiece holder has, for example, a planetary gear with a central sun gear, which engages with planetary gears, which in turn is rotatably connected to a support shaft of a respective Spannver circuit, which are arranged distributed around the circumference of the sun wheel of the workpiece holder. On- due to such a movement of the clamping devices rotatably mounted on the workpiece holder with the workpieces, which consist of a translational movement (in the direction of rotation of the supporting part or the "plate" of the Schleppfi nishmaschine) and a rotational movement (around the axis of the respective clamping device or around the workpiece axis), the processing medium achieves a uniform processing quality with shorter processing times compared to a purely translational movement. In addition, the workpiece holder itself can alternatively or additionally be fixed rotatably in a corresponding manner on the support part of the drag finishing machine (cf., for example, DE 202009 008 070 U1).
Der Einsatzbereich solcher Schlepp- und/oder Tauchfi nishmaschinen umfasst neben der Oberflächenbearbeitung von Massenartikeln zunehmend auch die Bearbeitung von Präzisi onsteilen mit relativ komplexer Geometrie, an deren Ober flächenbeschaffenheit sehr hohe Anforderungen gestellt wer den und welche insbesondere sehr geringen Toleranzen genü gen müssen. Lediglich exemplarisch seien in diesem Zusam menhang medizinische Prothesen, optische Linsen oder mecha nische Präzisionsbauteile für die Maschinenbauindustrie er wähnt. Dies erfordert die Einhaltung sehr enger Verfahren sparameter bei der Oberflächenbearbeitung sowie insbesonde re eine sehr hohe Reproduzierbarkeit, um sicherzustellen, dass die Werkstücke in mehr oder minder identischer Weise mit der individuell gewünschten Oberflächenbeschaffenheit versehen werden. Neben der Auswahl des geeigneten Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates (siehe oben) spielen in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem Werkstück und den Granulatpartikeln, welche in der Regel mittels geeigneter Steuerantriebe des Behälters und/oder des Werkstückhalters einstellbar ist, die Bearbei-
tungszeit, welche ebenfalls in der Regel voreinstellbar ist, sowie die Eintauchtiefe des Werkstückes in die Schüt tung aus Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat eine Rolle, wobei aufgrund des mit zunehmender Eintauchtiefe steigenden "hyd rostatischen" Druckes der Granulatpartikel die abrasive Wirkung der Granulatpartikel auf das Werkstück mit zuneh mender Eintauchtiefe desselben in die Granulatschüttung zu nimmt (vgl. z.B. die EP 2572 829 Bl oder die DE 102009 021 824 Al). Indes erweist sich eine zwecks hoher Reprodu zierbarkeit der Oberflächenbearbeitung erforderliche senso rische Überwachung der Eintauchtiefe des Werkstückes in die Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat als re lativ aufwändig. Darüber hinaus erfahren die Granulatparti kel insbesondere dann, wenn der das Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat aufnehmende Behälter rotiert wird, Zentrifu galkräfte und vermag auch auf diese Weise die abrasive Wir kung des Granulates auf das Werkstück während der Oberflä chenbearbeitung erhöht zu werden, doch erweist sich die Wirksamkeit hinsichtlich einer effektiveren Oberflächenbe arbeitung als relativ gering ist und erfordert zudem einen zusätzlichen Antrieb des Behälters. Ähnliches gilt in Bezug auf sogenannte Zentrifugal-Schleifmaschinen, wie sie bei spielsweise aus der DE 3546 386 Al bekannt sind. The area of application of such drag and / or immersion fi nish machines includes not only the surface treatment of mass-produced articles, but also the treatment of precision parts with a relatively complex geometry, the surface quality of which is subject to very high requirements and which, in particular, have to meet very low tolerances. Medical prostheses, optical lenses or mechanical precision components for the mechanical engineering industry are only mentioned as examples. This requires the adherence to very narrow process parameters for surface processing and, in particular, a very high level of reproducibility in order to ensure that the workpieces are provided with the individually desired surface properties in a more or less identical manner. In addition to the selection of the suitable grinding and / or polishing granulate (see above), the relative speed between the workpiece and the granulate particles, which can usually be adjusted by means of suitable control drives of the container and / or the workpiece holder, play a role in this context. processing time, which can also be preset as a rule, as well as the immersion depth of the workpiece in the Schüt device of grinding and / or polishing granulate play a role, with the abrasive effect of the granulate particles on the due to the increasing immersion depth "hydraulic" pressure of the granulate particles Workpiece increases with increasing immersion depth of the same in the granulate bed (cf., for example, EP 2572 829 B1 or DE 102009 021 824 A1). However, a sensory monitoring of the immersion depth of the workpiece in the bed of the grinding and / or polishing granulate, which is required for the purpose of high reproducibility of the surface processing, proves to be relatively complex. In addition, the Granulatparti learn, especially when the container receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules is rotated, centrifugal forces and in this way, the abrasive effect of the granules on the workpiece during the surface processing can be increased, but proves the effectiveness in terms of a more effective surface processing is relatively low and also requires an additional drive of the container. The same applies to so-called centrifugal grinding machines, as they are known from DE 3546 386 A1, for example.
Um die Effektivität der Oberflächenbearbeitung gattungs gemäßer Schlepp- oder Tauchfinishmaschinen zu verbessern, ist es aus der EP 2983 864 Bl ferner bekannt, die das Werkstück tragende Spanneinrichtung bzw. den Werkstückhal ter, an welchem die Spanneinrichtung mit dem Werkstück festgelegt ist, mit sich fortwährend ändernden, beispiels weise etwa sinusförmig verlaufenden Rotationsgeschwindig keiten zu beaufschlagen, so dass eine sich stets zeitlich verändernde, insbesondere hohe Relativgeschwindigkeit zwi schen dem Werkstück und dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranu-
lat unmittelbar an der Werkstückoberfläche sichergestellt ist, wodurch eine gegenüber einer konstanten Rotationsge schwindigkeit deutlich erhöhte Bearbeitungseffizienz und damit einhergehende, kürzere Bearbeitungszeiten erreicht werden können. In order to improve the effectiveness of the surface treatment of generic drag or dip finishing machines, it is also known from EP 2983 864 B1 that the clamping device carrying the workpiece or the workpiece holder on which the clamping device is fixed to the workpiece change continuously , for example, to apply approximately sinusoidal rotational speeds so that a constantly changing, in particular high, relative speed between the workpiece and the grinding and / or polishing granulate This is ensured directly on the workpiece surface, whereby a processing efficiency that is significantly increased compared to a constant rotational speed and the associated shorter processing times can be achieved.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werk stücken der eingangs genannten Art unter zumindest weitest gehender Vermeidung der vorgenannten Nachteile auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass die Effektivität der Oberflächenbearbeitung der Werkstücke verbessert wird und somit insbesondere kürzere Bearbei tungszeiten erreicht werden können. The invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device for surface processing of work pieces of the type mentioned at least largely avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages in a simple and inexpensive manner to the effect that the effectiveness of the surface processing of the workpieces is improved and thus in particular shorter Processing times can be achieved.
In verfahrenstechnischer Hinsicht wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat während der Ober flächenbearbeitung des Werkstücks gegen das Werkstück ange presst wird, indem das zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehende Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters komprimiert wird. From a procedural point of view, this object is achieved according to the invention in a method for surface processing of workpieces of the type mentioned at the outset in that the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece during the surface processing of the workpiece, in that the for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate available receiving volume of the container is compressed.
In vorrichtungstechnischer Hinsicht sieht die Erfindung zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe bei einer Vorrichtung zur Ober flächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken der eingangs genannten Art ferner vor, dass sie wenigstens eine zur Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters ausge bildete Druckerzeugungseinrichtung aufweist, um das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat gegen das Werkstück wäh rend dessen Oberflächenbearbeitung anzupressen. In terms of device technology, the invention also provides for solving this problem in a device for surface machining of workpieces of the type mentioned at the outset that it has at least one pressure generating device designed to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules has to press the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece during its surface treatment.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht folglich - zusätz lich zu einem Andruck der Partikel des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das zu bearbeitende Werkstück rein
aufgrund des Eigengewichtes des Schleif- und/oder Polier granulates und gegebenenfalls rein aufgrund von Zentrifu galkräften - vor, die Partikel des Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulates während der Oberflächenbearbeitung des Werk stücks mechanisch gegen das Werkstück anzupressen, indem das zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehende Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters kompri miert wird. Hierdurch können der Wirkungsgrad der Oberflä chenbearbeitung in signifikanter Weise erhöht und die zur Oberflächenbearbeitung erforderlichen Taktzeiten in ent sprechender Weise verringert werden. Je nach Art des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates kann dabei insbesondere dessen abrasive Wirkung auf das Werkstück deutlich erhöht werden, wobei die Erfindung aufgrund des mechanischen An- pressens des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstückoberfläche insbesondere auch die Möglichkeit er öffnet, im Falle zumindest eines Anteils von mehr oder min der sphärischen Partikeln des Schleif- und/oder Poliergra nulates in der Schüttung für eine dem Walzen ähnliche Ober flächenbearbeitung zu sorgen, indem die im Wesentlichen runden Partikel des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates ent lang der Werkstückoberfläche abrollen und diese dabei glät ten. Auf diese Weise kann auch die Festigkeit des Werkstü ckes erhöht werden, wobei hohe und vergleichsweise tiefe Druckeigenspannungen erzeugt werden können, je nach dem, ob das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat in Abhängigkeit seiner Art und seiner Kornform und/oder in Abhängigkeit seines An druckes gegen das bearbeitete Werkstück vornehmlich einen Gleitschleifprozess und/oder einen Walzprozess des Werkstü ckes bewirkt. Wie weiter unten noch näher erläutert, lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in jedem Fall lediglich durch die Verfahrensparameter der Relativgeschwindigkeit des Werkstückes in Bezug auf das Schleif- und/oder Polier-
granulat und des Andruckes des Schleif- und/oder Poliergra nulates gegen die Werkstückoberfläche steuern und/oder re geln, wobei die Eintauchtiefe des Werkstückes in die Schüt tung praktisch keine Rolle mehr spielt und vernachlässigbar ist. The method according to the invention consequently provides - in addition to pressing the particles of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece to be processed due to the dead weight of the grinding and / or polishing granules and possibly purely due to centrifugal forces - before mechanically pressing the particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece during the surface processing of the workpiece by using the and / or polishing granules available receiving volume of the container is compressed. As a result, the efficiency of surface machining can be increased significantly and the cycle times required for surface machining can be reduced accordingly. Depending on the type of grinding and / or polishing granulate, in particular its abrasive effect on the workpiece can be significantly increased, with the invention, due to the mechanical pressing of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface, in particular also opens up the possibility of in In the event of at least a proportion of more or min of the spherical particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules in the bed, to ensure a surface treatment similar to rolling, by rolling the essentially round particles of the grinding and / or polishing granules along the workpiece surface and this smooths them. In this way, the strength of the workpiece can also be increased, whereby high and comparatively low internal compressive stresses can be generated, depending on whether the grinding and / or polishing granulate is depending on its type and grain shape and / or depending on its pressure against the workpiece being machined h causes a vibratory grinding process and / or a rolling process of the workpiece. As explained in more detail below, the method according to the invention can in any case only be determined by the method parameters of the relative speed of the workpiece in relation to the grinding and / or polishing Granulate and the pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface control and / or regulate, the depth of immersion of the workpiece in the Schüt device practically no longer plays a role and is negligible.
Zum Anpressen des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates ge gen das Werkstück während dessen Oberflächenbearbeitung ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken mit einer Druckerzeugungseinrichtung ausge stattet, welche zur Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters und - wie weiter unten noch näher erläutert - zweckmäßigerweise zur Erzeugung eines va riablen Andruckes des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstückoberfläche ausgebildet ist und den Ein satz beliebiger bekannter Schleif- und/oder Polierpartikel ermöglicht . To press the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece during its surface processing, the device according to the invention for surface processing of workpieces is equipped with a pressure generating device, which is used to compress the volume of the container and available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules - As explained in more detail below - is expediently designed to generate a variable pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece surface and enables any known grinding and / or polishing particles to be used.
Während die Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahme volumens des Behälters grundsätzlich auf beliebige Weise geschehen kann, z.B. mittels eines relativ zu dem Behälter verlagerbaren Deckels, welcher mit einem gewünschten, vor zugsweise Steuer- und/oder regelbaren, Andruck von oben ge gen das in dem Behälter aufgenommene Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat angepresst zu werden vermag, kann gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen sein, dass in dem Behälter wenigstens ein Expan sionselement angeordnet und das Expansionselement expan diert wird, um das zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulates zur Verfügung stehende Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters zu komprimieren und das Schleif- und/oder Polier granulat auf diese Weise gegen das Werkstück anzupressen. Wird das Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters auf diese Weise
durch Expansion des Expansionselementes verringert, so wer den die Granulatpartikel gegeneinander sowie insbesondere auch gegen das Werkstück angepresst, so dass seine abrasive Wirkung auf das Werkstück in der oben beschriebenen Weise verstärkt und/oder insbesondere im Falle von im Wesentli chen kugelförmiger Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulate sich die Möglichkeit eines "Glattwalzens" des Werkstückes eröff net, so dass sich eine verbesserte und kürzere Oberflächen bearbeitung ergibt. During the compression of the stationary for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules available recording can be done volume of the container in principle in any manner, for example by means of a displaceable relative to the container lid, which with a desired, expensive-before preferably S and / or controllable , Pressure from above against the grinding and / or polishing granulate received in the container can be pressed, according to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention it can be provided that at least one expansion element is arranged in the container and the expansion element is expanded, in order to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules and in this way to press the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece. Will the capacity of the container in this way reduced by expansion of the expansion element, so who the granulate particles are pressed against each other and in particular against the workpiece, so that its abrasive effect on the workpiece is increased in the manner described above and / or especially in the case of substantially spherical grinding and / or Polishing granules open up the possibility of "roller burnishing" the workpiece, so that an improved and shorter surface treatment results.
In vorrichtungstechnischer Hinsicht kann in diesem Zu sammenhang folglich vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen sein, dass die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung wenigstens ein in dem Behälter angeordnetes Expansionselement aufweist, welches zur Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters expandierbar ist. In terms of device technology, it can therefore advantageously be provided in this context that the pressure generating device has at least one expansion element arranged in the container, which can be expanded to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules.
In Bezug auf das wenigstens eine Expansionselement kann in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung vorgesehen sein, dass ein, beispielsweise elastisch, nachgiebiges Expansionselement mit wenigstens einer Expansionskammer eingesetzt wird, wo bei die Expansionskammer mit einem Druckfluid, insbesondere mit einer Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt wird, um das Expan sionselement zu expandieren. In Bezug auf die erfindungsge mäße Vorrichtung kann in diesem Zusammenhang vorzugsweise vorgesehen sein, dass das Expansionselement aus einem, z.B. elastisch, nachgiebigen Material gefertigt ist und wenigs tens eine Expansionskammer aufweist, welche mit einem Druckfluid, insbesondere mit einer Druckflüssigkeit, beauf schlagbar ist, um das Expansionselement zu expandieren.With regard to the at least one expansion element, it can be provided in an advantageous embodiment that an, for example elastic, flexible expansion element with at least one expansion chamber is used, where a pressure fluid, in particular a pressure fluid, is applied to the expansion chamber in order to expand the expansion element . With regard to the device according to the invention, it can preferably be provided in this context that the expansion element is made of, for example, an elastic, flexible material and has at least one expansion chamber which can be acted upon with a pressure fluid, in particular with a pressure fluid to expand the expansion element.
Das nachgiebige Expansionselement kann dabei beispiels weise vornehmlich aus elastomeren Kunststoffen gefertigt sein, wie beispielsweise auf der Basis von Kautschuk, Sili konen, thermoplastischen oder duroplastischen Polyuretha-
nelastomeren und dergleichen, welchen zur Erhöhung der Ab riebfestigkeit vorteilhafterweise im Wesentlichen partikel- und/oder faserförmige Verstärkungsstoffe zugesetzt sein können. Wie weiter unten in Bezug auf die Zeichnungen noch näher beschrieben, kann das Expansionselement entweder eine oder auch mehrere, miteinander kommunizierende oder insbe sondere voneinander getrennte und jeweils separat mit dem Druckfluid beaufschlagbare Expansionskammern aufweisen, um je nach Geometrie des zu bearbeitenden Werkstückes und je dessen gewünschter Oberflächenbeschaffenheit das zur Auf nahme der Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranu lat zur Verfügung stehende Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters im Wesentlichen symmetrisch, z.B. entlang dem Innenumfang des Behälters, oder nur bereichsweise zu komprimieren, so dass während der Relativbewegung des Werkstückes in Bezug auf das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat letzteres durch ver schieden große Zwischenräume zwischen dem Werkstück und der Behälterwand hindurch bewegt wird, wodurch ein zusätzlicher lokaler Andruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates ge gen die Werkstückoberfläche erzielt werden kann. Selbstver ständlich besteht dabei auch die Möglichkeit, dass an der Innenseite der Wandung des Behälters mehrere Expansionsele mente oder ein Expansionselement mit mehreren Expansions kammern angeordnet wird, welche eine unterschiedliche Form, Größe und Position besitzen und durch einen gemeinsamen oder insbesondere separate Druckfluidanschlüsse mit einem Druckfluid beaufschlagt werden können. The flexible expansion element can, for example, be primarily made of elastomeric plastics, such as those based on rubber, silicone, thermoplastic or thermoset polyurethane nelastomers and the like, to which essentially particulate and / or fibrous reinforcing materials can advantageously be added to increase the abrasion resistance. As described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, the expansion element can either have one or more, communicating or in particular special expansion chambers that can be acted upon separately by the pressure fluid, depending on the geometry of the workpiece to be machined and depending on its desired Surface quality to compress the volume of the container available for receiving the bed from the grinding and / or polishing granules essentially symmetrically, e.g. along the inner circumference of the container, or only in certain areas, so that during the relative movement of the workpiece in relation to the Grinding and / or polishing granulate is moved through the latter through differently large spaces between the workpiece and the container wall, whereby an additional local pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate ge against the workpiece surface can be achieved. Of course, there is also the possibility that several expansion elements or one expansion element with several expansion chambers is arranged on the inside of the wall of the container, which have a different shape, size and position and are acted upon by a common or, in particular, separate pressure fluid connections with a pressure fluid can be.
Bei dem verwendeten Druckfluid kann es sich beispiels weise um ein Gas oder vorzugsweise um eine Flüssigkeit han deln, wie z.B. Wasser, Hydrauliköl oder dergleichen. Dar über hinaus kann das Druckfluid bedarfsweise gekühlt und insbesondere im Wesentlichen kontinuierlich durch die we nigstens eine Expansionskammer des nachgiebigen Expansions-
elementes hindurch geleitet werden, so dass es auch als Kühlmedium für die während der Oberflächenbearbeitung in folge Reibkontakt des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates mit der Oberfläche des Expansionselementes erzeugte Wärme zu dienen vermag. The pressure fluid used can, for example, be a gas or preferably a liquid, such as water, hydraulic oil or the like. In addition, the pressure fluid can, if necessary, be cooled and in particular essentially continuously through the at least one expansion chamber of the flexible expansion chamber. Element are passed through, so that it can also serve as a cooling medium for the heat generated during the surface treatment as a result of the frictional contact of the grinding and / or polishing granules with the surface of the expansion element.
In Bezug auf die konstruktive Ausgestaltung des Expansi onselementes kann beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass das Expansionselement auf zumindest einem innenseitigen Ab schnitt einer Wandung, z.B. auf der Umfangswandung, oder im Wesentlichen vollumfänglich auf der inneren Umfangswandung, des Behälters angeordnet ist, wobei es beispielsweise nach Art einer Innenwandung aus einem, z.B. elastisch, nachgie bigen Material (siehe oben) ausgestaltet sein kann, so dass seine Expansionskammer(n) zwischen dem innenseitigen Ab schnitt der Wandung des Behälters und der nachgiebigen In nenwandung des Expansionselementes gebildet ist bzw. sind; oder das, z.B. elastisch, nachgiebige Expansionselement kann beispielsweise seinerseits doppelwandig ausgestaltet und mit einer oder mehreren Expansionskammer(n) versehen und auf zumindest einen innenseitigen Abschnitt der Wandung des Behälters aufgebracht sein. Seine wenigstens eine Ex pansionskammer steht dabei zweckmäßigerweise mit wenigstens einem an der Außenseite des Behälters angeordneten Druck fluidanschluss in Verbindung, um es bedarfsweise mit dem Druckfluid zu beaufschlagen und dabei um das gewünschte Maß zu expandieren. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist es bei spielsweise denkbar, dass ein separates, d.h. nicht mit zu mindest einem Wandungsabschnitt des Behälters verbundenes, Expansionselement in den Behälter einsetzbar ist, wobei ein solches Expansionselement insbesondere einen Träger, z.B. nach Art eines mehr oder minder starren Käfigs, aufweisen kann, welcher sein seine wenigstens eine Druckkammer umfas-
sendes, nachgiebiges Material abstützt und diesem gegebe nenfalls die notwendige Formstabilität verleiht. With regard to the structural design of the expansion element, it can be provided, for example, that the expansion element is arranged on at least one inside section of a wall, e.g. on the circumferential wall, or essentially over its entire circumference on the inner circumferential wall, of the container, for example according to Art an inner wall made of a, for example elastic, flexible material (see above) can be configured so that its expansion chamber (s) is or are formed between the inside section of the wall of the container and the flexible inner wall of the expansion element; or the, for example elastic, resilient expansion element can for its part be double-walled and provided with one or more expansion chamber (s) and applied to at least one inner section of the wall of the container. Its at least one expansion chamber is expediently connected to at least one pressure fluid connection arranged on the outside of the container in order to apply the pressure fluid to it, if necessary, and to expand it by the desired amount. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable, for example, that a separate expansion element, ie not connected to at least one wall section of the container, can be inserted into the container, such an expansion element in particular having a carrier, e.g. in the manner of a more or less rigid cage can be, which includes at least one pressure chamber sender, resilient material and, if necessary, gives it the necessary dimensional stability.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass der jeweils gewünschte Andruck der Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück gesteuert und/oder ge regelt wird, so dass der Andruck des Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulates gegen das Werkstück nicht nur variierbar ist, sondern beispielsweise auch verschiedene Oberflächen bearbeitungszyklen mit unterschiedlichen Anpressdrücken des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstückober fläche durchgeführt werden können, wie z.B. ein anfängli ches Grobschleifen bei (sehr) hohem Anpressdruck, ein da rauffolgendes Feinschleifen bei demgegenüber geringeren An pressdruck und ein abschließendes Polieren bei (sehr) ge ringem Anpressdruck etc., wobei die Erfindung selbstver ständlich auch eine praktisch drucklose Oberflächenbearbei tung der Werkstücke gemäß dem Stand der Technik ermöglicht, indem z.B. das zur Kompression des dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters dienende Expansionselement nicht expandiert wird. Darüber hinaus kann es sich als höchst wirksam erweisen, wenn der Anpressdruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranula tes gegen das Werkstück, z.B. im Wesentlichen sinusförmig, sägezahnförmig oder andersartig, während dessen Oberflä chenbearbeitung in periodischen Zyklen verändert wird - sei es zwischen zwei oder mehreren unterschiedlichen Druckni veaus oder sei es zwischen einem oder mehreren Druckniveaus gegenüber einem mittels der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung er zeugten Anpressdruck von etwa null -. Dies kann z.B. vor zugsweise mittels einer periodisch alternierenden Druckbe aufschlagung der wenigstens einen Expansionskammer des Ex pansionselementes geschehen, so dass während der Bearbei-
tungsphasen eines verkleinerten Aufnahmevolumens des Behäl ters und folglich eines hohen Anpressdruckes des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück (das Expansi onselement ist expandiert) eine sehr effiziente Oberflä chenbearbeitung des Werkstückes stattfindet, wohingegen während der Bearbeitungsphasen eines nicht verkleinerten bzw. "normalen" Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters und folglich eines geringen oder gar keinen Anpressdruckes des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück (das Expansi onselement ist nicht expandiert) das Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat in die Volumenbereiche des Behälters nachflie ßen kann, aus welchen es während der Druckphasen verdrängt worden ist, so dass bei der jeweils anschließenden Druck phase wieder ein hoher Anpressdruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstückoberfläche erzeugt wer den kann. Ferner lassen sich auf diese Weise insbesondere dann, wenn ein Expansionselement mit mehreren Expansions kammern oder mehrerer Expansionselemente eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise verschiedene Druck- und Fließbereiche und/oder verschiedene Strömungsprofile des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates innerhalb des Behälters erzeugen, wobei die mehreren Expansionskammern des einen oder mehre rer Expansionselemente im Falle einer alternierenden Druck beaufschlagung ihrer Expansionskammern sowohl im Wesentli chen synchron als auch zeitlich nacheinander druckbeauf schlagt und druckentlastet werden können. Die zur Verfügung stehende Bandbreite möglicher Kombinationen unterschiedli cher Expansionskammern, unterschiedlicher Ansteuerungen und unterschiedlicher Druckbeaufschlagungen führen dabei zu sehr breiten und umfassenden Bearbeitungsbedingungen, wel che je nach Werkstoff des Werkstückes und je nach dessen gewünschter Oberflächenbeschaffenheit individuell einge stellt werden können. Wie bereits angedeutet, lässt sich
die Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Anpressdruckes des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstückober fläche auf diese Weise auch auf die weiteren Verfahrenspa rameter, wie insbesondere die Richtung und/oder der Betrag der Relativgeschwindigkeit des Werkstückes in Bezug auf das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat, abstimmen. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can also be provided that the respectively desired pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece is controlled and / or regulated so that the pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the The workpiece is not only variable, but also, for example, different surface processing cycles can be carried out with different contact pressures of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface, such as an initial rough grinding with (very) high contact pressure, followed by fine grinding with a lower one Contact pressure and a final polishing with (very) low contact pressure, etc., with the invention of course also enables a practically pressureless surface processing of the workpieces according to the prior art, for example by the compression of the grinding and / or polishing granulate for Ver Addition standing receiving volume of the container serving expansion element is not expanded. In addition, it can prove to be highly effective if the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece, e.g. essentially sinusoidal, sawtooth or otherwise, is changed in periodic cycles during its surface processing - be it between two or more different Druckni levels or be it between one or more pressure levels compared to a by means of the pressure generating device he testified contact pressure of about zero -. This can be done, for example, preferably by means of a periodically alternating Druckbe impingement of the at least one expansion chamber of the expansion element, so that during the machining processing phases of a reduced receiving volume of the Behäl age and consequently a high contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece (the Expansi onselement is expanded) a very efficient surface processing of the workpiece takes place, whereas during the processing phases of a non-reduced or "normal" receiving volume of the container and consequently little or no contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece (the expansion element is not expanded) the grinding and / or polishing granulate can flow into the volume areas of the container, from which it can flow during the pressure phases has been displaced, so that in the respective subsequent printing phase, a high contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface can be generated again. Furthermore, in this way, especially when an expansion element with several expansion chambers or several expansion elements are used, for example different pressure and flow areas and / or different flow profiles of the grinding and / or polishing granulate can be generated within the container, the several expansion chambers of the one or several expansion elements can be pressurized and relieved of pressure in the case of an alternating pressurization of their expansion chambers, both essentially synchronously and in succession. The available range of possible combinations of different expansion chambers, different controls and different pressures lead to very broad and comprehensive processing conditions, which can be set individually depending on the material of the workpiece and its desired surface finish. As already indicated, can the control and / or regulation of the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece surface in this way also on the other process parameters, such as in particular the direction and / or the amount of the relative speed of the workpiece in relation to the grinding and / or polishing granulate.
In vorrichtungstechnischer Hinsicht kann in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung demnach vorgesehen sein, dass die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung steuerbar und/oder regelbar ist, so dass sie insbesondere zur Durchführung der vorste hend beschriebenen Verfahrensvarianten ausgebildet ist. So fern die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung ein, z.B. elastisch, nachgiebiges Expansionselement mit wenigstens einer Druck kammer umfasst, so kann insbesondere wenigstens eine Druck steuer- und/oder -regeleinrichtung, z.B. in Form eines Drucksteuer- und/oder -regelventils, einer drucksteuer- und/oder regelbaren Pumpe oder dergleichen, vorgesehen sein, welche zur Drucksteuerung und/oder -regelung des Druckfluides ausgebildet ist, mit welchem die wenigstens eine Expansionskammer des Expansionselementes aus einem nachgiebigen Material beaufschlagbar ist. Verschiedene Oberflächenbearbeitungsprofile können dabei selbstverständ lich in als solcher bekannter Weise in einer elektronischen Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung der Vorrichtung speicher bar sein, um sie bedarfsweise abzurufen. In terms of device technology, it can accordingly be provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment that the pressure generating device can be controlled and / or regulated so that it is designed in particular to carry out the method variants described above. As far as the pressure generating device comprises an, for example elastic, flexible expansion element with at least one pressure chamber, in particular at least one pressure control and / or regulating device, for example in the form of a pressure control and / or regulating valve, a pressure control and / or controllable pump or the like, which is designed to control and / or regulate the pressure of the pressure fluid, with which the at least one expansion chamber of the expansion element made of a flexible material can be acted upon. Different surface processing profiles can of course be storable in a manner known as such in an electronic control and / or regulating device of the device in order to call them up as required.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass der Behälter im Wesentlichen vollständig mit dem Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat befüllt und das Werkstück in die in dem Behäl ter befindliche Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Polier granulat eingetaucht wird, wonach der Behälter, insbesonde re mittels eines Deckels, verschlossen und das Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat gegen das Werkstück angepresst
wird. Der Deckel verhindert dabei insbesondere eine Ver drängung des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates während der Kompression des Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters infolge Ex pansion des Expansionselementes, so dass ein mehr oder min der linearer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Druck des Druckflui des, mit welchem die Expansionskammer(n) des Expansionsele mentes beaufschlagt wird bzw. werden, und dem Anpressdruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen die Werkstück oberfläche und folglich eine sehr hohe Reproduzierbarkeit erreicht werden kann, und zwar unabhängig von einer über eine längere Zeit im Wesentlichen konstante oder eine zu mindest zeitweise oder fortwährend, periodisch alternieren de Expansion des Expansionselementes. In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can also be provided that the container is essentially completely filled with the grinding and / or polishing granulate and the workpiece is immersed in the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container, after which the container, insbesonde re by means of a lid, is closed and the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece becomes. In particular, the cover prevents the grinding and / or polishing granules from being displaced during the compression of the receptacle volume as a result of expansion of the expansion element, so that a more or less linear relationship between the pressure of the pressure fluid with which the expansion chamber (n ) of the Expansionsele Mentes is or are acted upon, and the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece surface and consequently a very high reproducibility can be achieved, regardless of an essentially constant or at least one over a long period of time temporarily or continuously, periodically alternating de expansion of the expansion element.
In vorrichtungstechnischer Hinsicht kann der Behälter zu diesem Zweck vorteilhafterweise mittels eines Deckels ver schließbar sein, wobei der Werkstückhalter beispielsweise an dem Deckel gelagert sein kann, so dass der Behälter mit tels des Deckels gleichzeitig verschlossen wird, wenn das oder die von dem Werkstückhalter getragene(n) Werkstück(e) in die in dem Behälter befindliche Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat eingetaucht wird bzw. werden, so dass sich eine sehr einfache Handhabung sowie - sofern gewünscht - eine einfache Automatisierung der Oberflächenbearbeitung ergibt, sofern der Deckel mit dem Werkstückhalter z.B. an einer motorisch betätigbaren Füh rung angeordnet und beispielsweise mit einem Magazin zur Bevorratung noch nicht bearbeiteter Werkstücke und/oder ei ner Lagerstation zur Ablage bereits bearbeiteter Werkstücke zusammenwirkt . In terms of device technology, the container can advantageously be closed by means of a lid for this purpose, wherein the workpiece holder can be mounted on the lid, for example, so that the container with means of the lid is closed at the same time when the one or more carried by the workpiece holder (n ) Workpiece (s) is or are immersed in the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container, so that very simple handling and - if desired - simple automation of the surface processing results, provided the lid with the Workpiece holder, for example, arranged on a motor-operated guide and interacts, for example, with a magazine for storing workpieces that have not yet been processed and / or a storage station for storing workpieces that have already been processed.
Während die Oberflächenbearbeitung des Werkstückes selbstverständlich auch trocken erfolgen kann, kann gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in als solcher bekannter Weise vorgesehen sein,
dass der in dem Behälter befindlichen Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat ein flüssiges Bearbei tungsmedium, z.B. Wasser oder wässrige Lösungen, welchen gegebenenfalls verschiedene Tenside oder andere Additive zudosiert sein können (vgl. z.B. die DE 102009 004 916 Al), zugesetzt wird. Dabei kann der Behälter vorzugsweise während der Bearbeitung des Werkstückes insbesondere mit dem flüssigen Bearbeitungsmedium durchströmt werden, wobei letzteres vorzugsweise rezirkuliert und insbesondere gerei nigt und/oder gekühlt werden kann, um Verunreinigungen, wie Schmutzpartikel, Schmierstoffe, Abrieb etc. zu entfernern und/oder als Kühlmedium während der Oberflächenbearbeitung zu dienen, wie es als solches beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2012 025 233 B4 bekannt ist. While the surface processing of the workpiece can of course also take place dry, according to an advantageous development of the method according to the invention it can be provided in a manner known per se, that a liquid processing medium, e.g. water or aqueous solutions, to which various surfactants or other additives can be added (cf. e.g. DE 102009 004 916 A1), is added to the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container . The container can preferably be flowed through with the liquid machining medium during machining of the workpiece, the latter preferably being recirculated and in particular cleaned and / or cooled in order to remove impurities such as dirt particles, lubricants, abrasion, etc. and / or as To serve as a cooling medium during the surface treatment, as is known as such, for example, from DE 10 2012 025 233 B4.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann zu diesem Zweck vorgesehen sein, dass der Behälter In a device according to the invention it can be provided for this purpose that the container
- wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitseinlass aufweist, welcher zum Zuführen eines flüssigen Bearbeitungsmediums ausge bildet ist und zweckmäßigerweise auf einem oberen Niveau des Behälters, z.B. in einem Deckel desselben, vorgesehen sein kann, und/oder - has at least one liquid inlet which is designed for supplying a liquid processing medium and which can expediently be provided on an upper level of the container, e.g. in a lid thereof, and / or
- wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitsauslass aufweist, welcher zum Abführen eines flüssiges Bearbeitungsmediums ausge bildet ist und zweckmäßigerweise auf einem unteren Niveau des Behälters, z.B. in einem Boden desselben, vorgesehen sein kann. Der Flüssigkeitsauslass kann ferner zweckmäßi gerweise mit einer Rückhalteeinrichtung für das Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat, wie einem Sieb, einem Filter, einem Sintermetalleinsatz oder dergleichen, versehen sein. - has at least one liquid outlet which is designed to discharge a liquid processing medium and which can expediently be provided on a lower level of the container, e.g. in a base thereof. The liquid outlet can also expediently be provided with a retaining device for the grinding and / or polishing granulate, such as a sieve, a filter, a sintered metal insert or the like.
Was die Relativbewegung des Werkstückes in Bezug auf das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat während der Oberflächenbe arbeitung betrifft, so ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Ver-
fahren grundsätzlich beliebige, aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Relativbewegungsarten, wie beispielsweise As far as the relative movement of the workpiece in relation to the grinding and / or polishing granulate is concerned during the surface treatment, the process according to the invention enables basically drive any type of relative movement known from the prior art, such as
- eine rotatorische Bewegung des Werkstückes und/oder des Behälters, insbesondere im Wesentlichen um eine Symmet rieachse des Werkstückes und/oder des Behälters; und/oder- A rotational movement of the workpiece and / or the container, in particular essentially around a symmetry axis of the workpiece and / or the container; and or
- eine translatorische Bewegung des Werkstückes in Bezug auf den Behälter, insbesondere im Wesentlichen in Axial richtung desselben; und/oder - A translational movement of the workpiece in relation to the container, in particular essentially in the axial direction of the same; and or
- eine Schwingungsanregung des Werkstückes und/oder des Behälters, z.B. mittels Ultraschall, Piezoaktoren, Un wuchtantrieben oder dergleichen. - a vibration excitation of the workpiece and / or the container, e.g. by means of ultrasound, piezo actuators, unbalance drives or the like.
Bei einer Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken kann in diesem Zusammenhang folglich vorzugs weise vorgesehen sein, dass der Werkstückhalter und/oder der Behälter In the case of a device for the surface treatment of workpieces, in this context it can consequently preferably be provided that the workpiece holder and / or the container
- drehbar gelagert ist, insbesondere im Wesentlichen um seine Symmetrieachse, und mit einem Drehantrieb in Verbindung steht; und/oder - Is rotatably mounted, in particular essentially about its axis of symmetry, and is connected to a rotary drive; and or
- translatorisch gelagert ist, insbesondere im Wesentlichen in Axialrichtung desselben, und mit einem Translations antrieb in Verbindung steht; und/oder - Is mounted in translation, in particular essentially in the axial direction of the same, and is connected to a translation drive; and or
- mit einem Schwingungserzeuger, insbesondere in Form einer Ultraschallquelle, eines piezoelektrischen Aktors oder eines Unwuchtantriebs, in Verbindung steht. - Is in connection with a vibration generator, in particular in the form of an ultrasound source, a piezoelectric actuator or an unbalance drive.
In den meisten Fällen erweist es sich dabei als zweckmä ßig, wenn zumindest das Werkstück rotatorisch, z.B. um sei ne Achse, bewegt wird, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit einer wenigstens einer translatorischen Bewegung des Werk stückes und/oder einer Schwingungsanregung desselben. Bei einer solchen rotatorischen Bewegung des Werkstückes kann insbesondere entsprechend der eingangs zitierten EP 2983 864 Bl, welche hiermit zum Gegenstand der vorliegenden Of fenbarung gemacht wird, vorgesehen sein, dass das Werkstück
unter fortwährender Beschleunigung mit fortwährend unter schiedlichen, z.B. im Wesentlichen sinusförmigen, Rotati onsgeschwindigkeiten rotiert wird. In most cases, it proves to be expedient if at least the workpiece is rotated, for example about its axis, moved, possibly in combination with at least one translational movement of the workpiece and / or a vibration excitation of the same. In the case of such a rotary movement of the workpiece, in particular in accordance with EP 2983 864 B1 cited at the beginning, which is hereby made the subject of the present disclosure, it can be provided that the workpiece is rotated under continuous acceleration with continuously different, for example essentially sinusoidal, rotation speeds.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispie len unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of Ausführungsbeispie len with reference to the drawings. Show:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vor richtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken mit einem in deren Behälter zur Aufnahme eines Schleif- und/oder Poliergra nulates angeordneten Expansionselement und einem an einem Werkstückhalter lösbar fest gelegten Werkstück vor dessen Oberflächen bearbeitung; Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section through an embodiment of a device according to the invention for surface processing of workpieces with an expansion element arranged in the container for receiving a grinding and / or polishing granulate and a workpiece releasably fixed on a workpiece holder before its surface processing;
Fig. 2 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken gemäß Fig. 1 während der Ober flächenbearbeitung des Werkstückes; FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the device for the surface processing of workpieces according to FIG. 1 during the upper surface processing of the workpiece;
Fig. 3 einen der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken während der Oberflächenbearbei tung eines Werkstückes; 3 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 2 through a further embodiment of a device for the surface treatment of workpieces during the surface treatment of a workpiece;
Fig. 4 eine schematische Querschnittansicht des Be hälters der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 entlang der Schnittebene IV-IV der Fig. 2 im Bereich des Expansionselementes; 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the loading container of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 along the sectional plane IV-IV of FIG. 2 in the area of the expansion element;
Fig. 5 einen Träger zur Aufnahme einer alternativen Ausführungsform eines Expansionselementes; und
Fig. 6 bis 9 schematische Draufsichten auf verschiedene exemplarische Ausführungsformen von Expan sionselementen mit verschiedener Anzahl und Anordnung von Expansionskammern. 5 shows a carrier for receiving an alternative embodiment of an expansion element; and 6 to 9 are schematic top views of various exemplary embodiments of expansion elements with different numbers and arrangements of expansion chambers.
In den Fig. 1, 2 und 4 ist eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbei tung von Werkstücken durch Eintauchen des Werkstückes in eine Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat unter relativer Bewegung derselben in Bezug auf das Werk stück 1 schematisch wiedergegeben, welche einen zur Aufnah me der Schüttung des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates dienenden Behälter 2 aufweist, wobei die Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat nicht zeichnerisch wieder gegeben ist und in der Fig. 1 lediglich deren Füllniveau F in dem Behälter 2 angedeutet ist. Die Vorrichtung umfasst darüber hinaus wenigstens einen Werkstückhalter 3, an wel chem das zu bearbeitende Werkstück 3 in herkömmlicher Weise lösbar festgelegt werden kann. Der das Werkstück 1 tragende Werkstückhalter 3 ist relativ zu dem Behälter 2 bewegbar, wobei er im vorliegenden Fall um seine Längsachse A (vgl. die Fig. 1) rotierbar ist und zu diesem Zweck mit einem mo torischen Drehantrieb M in Verbindung steht. Der Drehan trieb M ist dabei insbesondere drehzahlsteuer- und/oder - regelbar, um das Werkstück 1 während seiner Oberflächenbe arbeitung in verschiedene Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten zu versetzen, seien sie im Wesentlichen konstant oder seien sie, insbesondere periodisch, alternierend. Der mittels des motorischen Antriebs M rotationsangetriebene Werkstückhal ter 3 ist bei dem zeichnerisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungs beispiel mittels geeigneter Lager 4 an einem Deckel 5 gela gert, mittels welchem der Behälter 2 im Wesentlichen druck dicht verschlossen werden kann, wenn der Deckel 5 mit dem
Werkstückhalter 3 und dem hieran gespannten Werkstück 1 aus seiner in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Ruheposition in seine in der Fig. 2 dargestellte Arbeitsposition überführt worden ist, um das Werkstück 1 in die in dem Behälter 2 befindliche Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat (nicht gezeigt) einzutauchen und die Oberfläche des Werkstückes 1 zu bearbeiten, indem der Werkstückhalter 3 mittels seines Drehantriebs M in Rotation versetzt wird. 1, 2 and 4, a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for the surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bed of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece 1 is shown schematically, which has a container 2 serving to accommodate the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate, the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate not being shown in the drawing and only its filling level F in the container 2 being indicated in FIG is. The device also comprises at least one workpiece holder 3, on wel chem the workpiece 3 to be machined can be detachably fixed in a conventional manner. The workpiece holder 3 carrying the workpiece 1 can be moved relative to the container 2, and in the present case it is rotatable about its longitudinal axis A (see FIG. 1) and is connected to a motorized rotary drive M for this purpose. The Drehan drive M is in particular speed controllable and / or regulatable in order to set the workpiece 1 during its surface processing in different rotational speeds, be they essentially constant or be they, in particular periodically, alternating. The rotation-driven by means of the motor drive M workpiece holder 3 is in the embodiment shown in the drawing, for example, by means of suitable bearings 4 on a cover 5, by means of which the container 2 can be closed essentially pressure-tight when the cover 5 is connected to the Workpiece holder 3 and the workpiece 1 clamped to it has been transferred from its rest position shown in FIG. 1 to its working position shown in FIG. 2 in order to transfer the workpiece 1 into the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container 2 (not shown) and to machine the surface of the workpiece 1 by setting the workpiece holder 3 in rotation by means of its rotary drive M.
Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst der Be hälter 2 der Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken ferner einerseits einen an einem oberen Niveau des Behälters 2 - hier: in seinem Deckel 5 im Wesentlichen konzentrisch zu dem Werkstückhalter 3 - angeordneten Flüs sigkeitseinlass 6a, welcher zum Zuführen eines flüssigen Bearbeitungsmediums dient. Andererseits umfasst der Behäl ter 2 einen an einem unteren Niveau desselben - hier: im Wesentlichen zentral in seinem Boden 7 - angeordneten Flüs sigkeitsauslass 6b, welcher zum Abführen des flüssigen Be arbeitungsmediums dient und mit einer Rückhalteeinrichtung 8 für das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat, z.B. im Wesent lichen in Form eines Siebes, versehen ist. Das flüssige Be arbeitungsmedium, bei welchem es sich beispielsweise um ei ne wässrige Tensidlösung handeln kann, kann auf diese Weise während der Oberflächenbearbeitung des Werkstückes 1 aus dem Flüssigkeitsauslass 6b abgeführt, gegebenenfalls gerei nigt und/oder gekühlt und in den Flüssigkeitseinlass 6a re- zirkuliert werden (nicht zeichnerisch wiedergegeben). In the present exemplary embodiment, the container 2 of the device for the surface treatment of workpieces furthermore comprises, on the one hand, a liquid inlet 6a which is arranged at an upper level of the container 2 - here: in its cover 5 essentially concentric to the workpiece holder 3 - which is used for supplying a liquid Processing medium is used. On the other hand, the container 2 comprises a liquid outlet 6b arranged at a lower level of the same - here: essentially centrally in its bottom 7 - which serves to discharge the liquid processing medium and has a retaining device 8 for the grinding and / or polishing granulate, for example, essentially in the form of a sieve, is provided. The liquid processing medium, which can be, for example, an aqueous surfactant solution, can in this way be removed from the liquid outlet 6b during the surface processing of the workpiece 1, optionally cleaned and / or cooled and recirculated into the liquid inlet 6a (not shown in the drawing).
Die Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstü cken weist ferner eine Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 10 auf, welche zum Anpressen des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates (nicht gezeigt) gegen das Werkstück 10 in der in der Fig. 2 wiedergegebenen Situation der Oberflächenbearbeitung des Werkstückes 1 ausgebildet ist. Die Druckerzeugungseinrich-
tung 10 ist zu diesem Zweck zur Kompression des zur Aufnah me des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters 2 ausgebildet, welches die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 10 folglich bedarfs weise zu verringern vermag, um die Granulatpartikel sowohl gegeneinander als auch insbesondere gegen die Werkstück oberfläche anzupressen. Die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 10 umfasst hierbei wenigstens ein im Innern des Behälters 2 angeordnetes Expansionselement 11, welches zur Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates (nicht gezeigt) zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters 1 expandierbar ist. The device for surface processing of workpieces also has a pressure generating device 10, which is designed to press the grinding and / or polishing granulate (not shown) against the workpiece 10 in the situation of the surface processing of the workpiece 1 shown in FIG. 2. The pressure generating device For this purpose, device 10 is designed to compress the volume of the container 2 available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate, which the pressure generating device 10 is consequently able to reduce as required in order to reduce the granulate particles both against each other and in particular against the workpiece to press the surface. The pressure generating device 10 here comprises at least one expansion element 11 arranged in the interior of the container 2, which can be expanded to compress the receiving volume of the container 1 available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate (not shown).
Im Falle der Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 1, 2 und 4 ist das Expansionselement 11 aus einem, insbesondere elas tisch, nachgiebigen Material, wie beispielsweise aus einem verschleiß- und abriebfesten Kunststoffmaterial, z.B. auf Polyurethanbasis, gefertigt und auf zumindest einen Ab schnitt einer Innenwandung des Behälters 2 - im vorliegen den Fall im Wesentlichen auf seine gesamte Umfangswand bis zu dem mit dem Flüssigkeitsauslass 6b versehenen Boden - aufgebracht. Es kann beispielsweise nach Art einer Innen auskleidung oder Innenwandung aus dem elastisch nachgiebi gen Material ausgestaltet sein und wenigstens eine - hier zwei - Expansionskammern 12 umfassen, welche jeweils in Um fangsrichtung nebeneinander und zwischen der Innenseite der Wandung des Behälters 2 und der nachgiebigen Innenwandung des Expansionselementes 11 gebildet sind (vgl. insbesondere die Fig. 4). Die von dem Expansionselement 11 gebildete In nenauskleidung bzw. Innenwand des Behälters 2 ist dabei ei nerseits im Bereich des oberen Endes des Behälter 2, ande rerseits im Bodenbereich druckdicht mit dem Behälter 2 ver bunden, wie beispielsweise verschweißt, verklemmt, verklebt oder dergleichen. Wie insbesondere der Fig. 4 zu entnehmen
ist, weist das Expansionselement 11 ferner zwei, insbeson dere mit einer Armierung, z.B. aus einem Metallwerkstoff, versehene Dichtlippen 11a auf, welche gegen die innere Wan dung des Behälters 2 dichtend anliegen, um die Expansions kammern 12 im Wesentlichen druckdicht voneinander zu tren nen, so dass sie bedarfsweise mit einem unter verschiedenen Drücken stehenden Druckfluid beaufschlagt werden können. Jede Expansionskammer 12 des Expansionselementes 11 steht ferner mit einem Druckfluidanschluss 13 an der Außenseite des Behälters 2 in Verbindung, um sie unabhängig voneinan der mit einem Druckfluid, wie beispielsweise einer Hydrau likflüssigkeit, beaufschlagen zu können, wodurch die jewei lige Expansionskammer 12 sich ausdehnt und das Expansions element 11 expandiert, um das Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters 2 zu verkleinern und auf diese Weise die Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulatpartikel mechanisch gegen die Oberfläche des Werkstückes 1 anzupressen. In the case of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the expansion element 11 is made of a particularly elastic, resilient material, such as a wear and abrasion-resistant plastic material, for example polyurethane-based, and is made on at least one section of an inner wall of the container 2 - in the present case essentially on its entire circumferential wall up to the base provided with the liquid outlet 6b. It can be designed, for example, in the manner of an inner lining or inner wall made of the elastically flexible material and at least one - here two - expansion chambers 12, which each in the circumferential direction next to one another and between the inside of the wall of the container 2 and the flexible inner wall of the expansion element 11 are formed (cf. in particular FIG. 4). The formed by the expansion element 11 in the inner lining or inner wall of the container 2 is on the one hand in the area of the upper end of the container 2, on the other hand in the bottom area pressure-tight with the container 2 connected, such as welded, clamped, glued or the like. As can be seen in particular from FIG is, the expansion element 11 also has two, in particular with a reinforcement, e.g. made of a metal material, provided sealing lips 11a, which abut against the inner wall of the container 2 in a sealing manner in order to separate the expansion chambers 12 from one another in a substantially pressure-tight manner, so that if necessary they can be acted upon with a pressurized fluid under different pressures. Each expansion chamber 12 of the expansion element 11 is also connected to a pressure fluid connection 13 on the outside of the container 2 in order to be able to act on it independently of one another with a pressure fluid, such as a hydraulic fluid, whereby the respective expansion chamber 12 expands and the Expansion element 11 expands in order to reduce the volume of the container 2 and in this way press the grinding and / or polishing granulate particles mechanically against the surface of the workpiece 1.
Um den Druck des Druckfluides, mit welchem die jeweilige Expansionskammer 12 des Expansionselementes 11 beaufschlagt wird, und somit deren Expansionsgrad und folglich den An pressdruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück während dessen Oberflächenbearbeitung steuern und/oder regeln zu können, ist die Druckerzeugungseinrich tung 10 vorteilhafterweise drucksteuer- und/oder regelbar, was bei dem zeichnerisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbei spiel mittels einer, z.B. in Form einer einem jeden Druck fluidanschluss 13 zugeordneten Pumpe ausgestalteten, Druck steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 14 geschieht. Die Expan sionskammern 12 des Expansionselementes 11 sind auf diese Weise unabhängig voneinander in dem jeweils gewünschten Ma ße expandierbar, um beispielsweise in verschiedenen Ober flächenbearbeitungsstadien für verschiedene Anpressdrücke des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück
1 zu sorgen und/oder den Anpressdruck des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück 1 insbesondere auch, z.B. im Wesentlichen sinusförmig, sägezahnförmig oder in beliebiger anderer Weise, in periodischen Zyklen während dessen Oberflächenbearbeitung verändern zu können - sei es zwischen zwei oder mehreren unterschiedlichen Druckniveaus oder sei es zwischen einem oder mehreren Druckniveaus ge genüber einem mittels der Druckerzeugungseinrichtung er zeugten Anpressdruck von etwa null. Eine solche periodisch alternierende Druckbeaufschlagung der Expansionskammern 12 des Expansionselementes 11 kann dabei synchron (die Expan sionskammern 12 werden gleichzeitig druckbeaufschlagt bzw. druckentlastet) oder abwechselnd (die Expansionskammern 12 werden jeweils zeitlich versetzt druckbeaufschlagt bzw. druckentlastet) geschehen, so dass je nach der gewünschten Oberflächenbearbeitung des Werkstückes 1 und je nach Werk stoff, aus welchem dieses gefertigt ist, insbesondere ver schiedene Druck- und Fließbereiche und/oder verschiedene Strömungsprofile des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates in nerhalb des Behälters eingestellt werden können. In order to be able to control and / or regulate the pressure of the pressure fluid with which the respective expansion chamber 12 of the expansion element 11 is applied, and thus its degree of expansion and consequently the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the workpiece during its surface processing, the Druckzeugungseinrich device 10 advantageously pressure-controllable and / or regulatable, which happens in the illustrated Ausführungsbei game by means of a pressure control and / or regulating device 14 configured, for example, in the form of a pump assigned to each pressure fluid connection 13. The expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 are expandable in this way independently of one another in the respective desired measure, for example in different upper surface processing stages for different contact pressures of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece 1 and / or to be able to change the contact pressure of the grinding and / or polishing granules against the workpiece 1 in particular, e.g. essentially sinusoidal, sawtooth or in any other way, in periodic cycles during its surface treatment - be it between two or more different pressure levels or be it between one or more pressure levels compared to a contact pressure of approximately zero generated by means of the pressure generating device. Such periodically alternating pressurization of the expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 can occur synchronously (the expansion chambers 12 are pressurized or depressurized at the same time) or alternately (the expansion chambers 12 are each pressurized or depressurized at different times), so that depending on the desired surface treatment of the workpiece 1 and depending on the material from which it is made, in particular ver different pressure and flow areas and / or different flow profiles of the grinding and / or polishing granules can be set within the container.
Indes sei an dieser Stelle darauf hingewiesen, dass das Expansionselement 11 statt dessen auch nur eine Expansions kammer 12 oder mehrere, über einen gemeinsamen Druckfluid anschluss mit dem Druckfluid beaufschlagbare Expansionskam merin) 12 besitzen kann (nicht gezeigt), und/oder das Ex pansionselement 11 kann seinerseits doppellagig ausgestal tet sein und die Expansionskammer(n) 12 zwischen diesen La gen aufnehmen (ebenfalls nicht gezeigt). At this point, however, it should be pointed out that the expansion element 11 can instead have only one expansion chamber 12 or several expansion chambers 12 (not shown) that can be acted upon by the pressure fluid via a common pressure fluid connection, and / or the expansion element 11 can in turn be configured with two layers and accommodate the expansion chamber (s) 12 between these layers (also not shown).
In der Fig. 3 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform einer er findungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken durch Eintauchen des Werkstückes in eine Schüt tung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat unter rela tiver Bewegung derselben in Bezug auf das Werkstück 1 sehe-
matisch wiedergegeben, bei welcher identische und wirkungs gleiche Komponenten mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen sind und keiner nochmaligen Erörterung bedürfen. Die in der Fig. 3 gezeigte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von je ner der Fig. 1, 2 und 4 insbesondere dadurch, dass der Be hälter 2 mit einem Innendorn 15 versehen ist, welcher bei spielsweise vom Boden 7 des Behälters 2 her etwa zentral in dessen Innenraum vorsteht und auf dessen Außenseite ein weiteres Expansionselement 11 aufgebracht ist, dessen kon struktive Ausgestaltung weitestgehend jenem an der inneren Wandung des Behälters 2 entsprechen kann und seinerseits mittels einer weiteren Drucksteuer- und/oder Regeleinrich tung 14, z.B. wiederum in Form einer Pumpe, mit Fluiddruck beaufschlagt werden kann. Auf diese Weise lassen sich ins besondere auch die Innenflächen oder Böden von Bohrungen la des Werkstückes 1, in welche der mit dem weiteren Expansi onselement 11 versehene Innendorn 15 eingreift, in wirksa mer Weise schleifen und/oder polieren, indem das weitere, an dem Innendorn 15 angebrachte Expansionselement 11 sei nerseits den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Innendorn und dem Innenumfang der Bohrung la des Werkstückes - sei es über längere Bearbeitungsdauern und/oder sei es periodisch - zu komprimieren und damit das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat gegen den Innenumfang der Bohrung la des Werkstückes 1 an zupressen vermag. In Fig. 3 is a second embodiment of a device according to the invention for the surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece in a bulk of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with relative movement of the same in relation to the workpiece 1 see- automatically reproduced, in which identical and functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals and do not need to be discussed again. The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 differs from each of Figs. 1, 2 and 4 in particular in that the loading container 2 is provided with an inner mandrel 15 which, for example, from the bottom 7 of the container 2 ago approximately centrally in it Interior protrudes and on the outside of which a further expansion element 11 is applied, the constructive configuration of which can largely correspond to that on the inner wall of the container 2 and in turn by means of a further pressure control and / or regulating device 14, e.g. again in the form of a pump Fluid pressure can be applied. In this way, in particular, the inner surfaces or bottoms of bores la of the workpiece 1, in which the inner mandrel 15 provided with the further Expansi onselement 11 engages, grind and / or polish in an efficacious manner by the further, on the inner mandrel 15 attached expansion element 11 is on the other hand the space between the inner mandrel and the inner circumference of the bore la of the workpiece - be it over longer processing times and / or be it periodically - to compress and thus the grinding and / or polishing granulate against the inner circumference of the bore la des Workpiece 1 is able to press on.
In der Fig. 5 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Ex pansionselementes 11 einer Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 10 schematisch wiedergegeben, welches im Gegensatz zu den Ex pansionselementen 11 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 4 nicht mit dem Behälter 2 verbunden, sondern einzeln in den Behälter 2 eingesetzt werden kann. Das Expansionselement 11 gemäß der Fig. 5 ist hierbei im Wesentlichen nach Art eines Beutels aus einem, insbesondere elastisch, nachgiebigen Material,
wie beispielsweise einem Kunststoffmaterial der oben ge nannten Art, ausgestaltet und umfasst wiederum einen Druck fluidanschluss 13, um es - zweckmäßigerweise wiederum mit tels einer in der Fig. 5 nicht nochmals dargestellten Drucksteuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung 14 (vgl. die obigen Fig. 1 bis 3) - mit einem unter dem erforderlichen Druck stehenden Druckfluid beaufschlagen zu können, so dass es expandiert wird und das Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters 2 komprimiert, wenn es in diesen eingesetzt worden ist. Um dem separaten Expansionselement 11 eine hohe Formstabilität sowie eine einfache Handhabung zu verleihen und es insbe sondere während der Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken abzustützen, ist das nach Art eines Beutels ausgestaltete Expansionselement in einen nach Art eines Käfigs ausgebil deten Träger 16 eingesetzt, welcher insbesondere um den Um fang des Expansionselementes verhältnismäßig engmaschig ist, während er in Richtung der Innenseite des Behälters 2 sehr grobmaschig ist oder die der Innenseite des Behälters 2 zugewandte Seite des Expansionselementes 11 auch gänzlich freilassen kann, damit das Expansionselement 11 frei zu ex pandieren vermag, um das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat gegen das zu bearbeitende Werkstück 1 anzupressen. 5 shows a further embodiment of an expansion element 11 of a pressure generating device 10 which, in contrast to the expansion elements 11 according to FIGS. 1 to 4, is not connected to the container 2, but rather can be inserted individually into the container 2 . The expansion element 11 according to FIG. 5 is here essentially in the manner of a bag made of a, in particular elastic, flexible material, such as a plastic material of the type mentioned above, and in turn comprises a pressure fluid connection 13 to it - expediently again by means of a pressure control and / or regulating device 14 not shown again in FIG. 5 (cf. the above FIG. 1 to 3) - to be able to apply a pressurized fluid under the required pressure, so that it is expanded and the receiving volume of the container 2 is compressed when it has been inserted into it. In order to give the separate expansion element 11 a high degree of dimensional stability and easy handling and in particular to support it during the surface treatment of workpieces, the expansion element designed in the manner of a bag is inserted into a carrier 16 that is designed in the manner of a cage and which is in particular around the The start of the expansion element is relatively close-meshed, while it is very coarse-meshed in the direction of the inside of the container 2 or the side of the expansion element 11 facing the inside of the container 2 can also be completely free so that the expansion element 11 is able to freely expand to allow the grinding and / or to press polishing granulate against the workpiece 1 to be machined.
In den Fig. 6 bis 9 sind schließlich verschiedene Aus führungsformen von Expansionselementen 11 mit exemplari schen Anordnungen einer Mehrzahl an Expansionskammern 12 einer Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 10 schematisch wiedergege ben, wie sie bei den in den Fig. 1 bis 4 darstellten Vor richtungen zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken 1 an der inneren Wandung des Behälters 2 zur Anwendung gelangen können, sofern sie zu einem Zylinder geformt, in den Behäl ter 1 eingebracht, an dessen inneren Wandung druckdicht be festigt und mittels einer oder mehrerer Druckfluidanschlüs se 13 des Behälters 2 fluidisch kontaktiert werden.
Wie aus den Fig. 6 bis 9 ersichtlich, können die Expan sionskammern 12 des Expansionselementes 11 je nach Geomet rie und/oder gewünschter Oberflächenbeschaffenheit des Werkstückes 1 praktisch beliebige Formen besitzen und/oder in praktisch beliebiger Ausrichtung relativ zueinander an geordnet werden, wie beispielweise im Wesentlichen matrix artig (Fig. 6), in Form einer (oder auch mehrerer; nicht gezeigt) sich entlang eines Umfangsabschnittes des Behäl ters 2 im Wesentlichen in Axialrichtung desselben erstre- ckenden Expansionskammer 12 (Fig. 7), in Form einer (oder auch mehrerer; nicht gezeigt) sich entlang eines Umfangsab schnittes des Behälters 2 schräg zur Axialrichtung dessel ben erstreckenden Expansionskammer 12 (Fig. 8), in Form mehrerer, an verschiedenen Umfangsabschnitten und/oder Axi- alabschnitten des Behälters 2 angeordneten Expansionskam mern 12 mit teils unterschiedlicher und/oder teils gleicher Geometrie (Fig. 9), und dergleichen mehr.
6 to 9, finally, various embodiments of expansion elements 11 with exemplary arrangements of a plurality of expansion chambers 12 of a pressure generating device 10 are schematically reproduced, as shown in the devices for surface processing of workpieces 1 shown in FIGS on the inner wall of the container 2 can be used, provided they are shaped into a cylinder, introduced into the Behäl ter 1, fastened to the inner wall pressure-tight be and fluidically contacted by means of one or more Druckfluidanschlüs se 13 of the container 2. As can be seen from Figs. 6 to 9, the expansion chambers 12 of the expansion element 11 depending on Geomet rie and / or desired surface quality of the workpiece 1 have practically any shape and / or are arranged in virtually any orientation relative to each other, such as in Essentially matrix-like (FIG. 6), in the form of one (or also several; not shown) expansion chamber 12 (FIG. 7) extending along a circumferential section of the container 2 essentially in the axial direction (FIG. 7), in the form of one (or also several; not shown) along a circumferential section of the container 2 obliquely to the axial direction of the same extending expansion chamber 12 (Fig. 8), in the form of several, arranged on different circumferential sections and / or axial sections of the container 2 expansion chambers 12 with partly different and / or partly the same geometry (FIG. 9), and the like.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken, indem das Werkstück (1) in eine in einem Behälter (2) befindliche Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat eingetaucht und in der Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat relativ zu diesem be wegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat während der Oberflächenbearbei tung des Werkstückes (1) gegen das Werkstück (1) ange presst wird, indem das zur Aufnahme des Schleif und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehende Auf nahmevolumen des Behälters (2) komprimiert wird. 1. A method for the surface treatment of workpieces by dipping the workpiece (1) into a bed of grinding and / or polishing granules located in a container (2) and being in the bed of grinding and / or polishing granules relative to this is removed, characterized in that the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece (1) during the surface treatment of the workpiece (1) by the volume of the container (1) available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate. 2) is compressed.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Behälter (2) wenigstens ein Expansionselement (11) angeordnet und das Expansionselement (11) expan diert wird, um das zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung stehende Aufnahmevolumen des Behälters (2) zu komprimieren und das Schleif und/oder Poliergranulat auf diese Weise gegen das Werk stück (1) anzupressen. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the container (2) at least one expansion element (11) is arranged and the expansion element (11) is expanded in order to accommodate the volume available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules To compress the container (2) and the grinding and / or polishing granules in this way against the work piece (1).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein nachgiebiges Expansionselement (11) mit wenigstens einer Expansionskammer (12) eingesetzt wird, wobei die Expansionskammer (12) mit einem Druckfluid, insbesonde re mit einer Druckflüssigkeit, beaufschlagt wird, um das Expansionselement (11) zu expandieren. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a resilient expansion element (11) with at least one expansion chamber (12) is used, wherein the expansion chamber (12) with a pressure fluid, insbesonde re with a pressure fluid, is applied to the expansion element ( 11) to expand.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass der Andruck des Schleif- und/oder
Poliergranulates gegen das Werkstück (1) gesteuert und/oder geregelt wird, insbesondere durch Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Druckes des Druckfluides, mit welchem das nachgiebige Expansionselement (11) beauf schlagt wird. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure of the grinding and / or Polishing granulate against the workpiece (1) is controlled and / or regulated, in particular by controlling and / or regulating the pressure of the pressure fluid with which the flexible expansion element (11) is acted upon.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (2) im Wesentlichen vollständig mit dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat befüllt und das Werkstück (1) in die in dem Behälter (2) befindliche Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Po liergranulat eingetaucht wird, wonach der Behälter (2), insbesondere mittels eines Deckels (5), verschlossen und das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat gegen das Werkstück (1) angepresst wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the container (2) is essentially completely filled with the grinding and / or polishing granulate and the workpiece (1) into the bulk in the container (2) the grinding and / or polishing granulate is immersed, after which the container (2), in particular by means of a lid (5), is closed and the grinding and / or polishing granulate is pressed against the workpiece (1).
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass der in dem Behälter (2) befindlichen Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat ein flüssiges Bearbeitungsmedium zugesetzt wird, wobei der Behälter (2) während der Bearbeitung des Werkstückes (1) insbesondere mit dem flüssigen Bearbeitungsmedium durchströmt wird. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container (2) is added a liquid processing medium, the container (2) during the processing of the workpiece (1) is flowed through in particular with the liquid processing medium.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass die Relativbewegung des Werkstückes (1) in Bezug auf die in dem Behälter (2) befindliche Schüttung aus dem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat durch wenigstens eine Relativbewegung aus der Gruppe7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the relative movement of the workpiece (1) in relation to the bulk of the grinding and / or polishing granulate located in the container (2) by at least one relative movement from the group
- rotatorische Bewegung des Werkstückes (1) und/oder des Behälters (2), insbesondere im Wesentlichen um eine Symmetrieachse des Werkstückes (1) und/oder des Behälters (2);
- translatorische Bewegung des Werkstückes (1) in Bezug auf den Behälter (1), insbesondere im Wesentlichen in Axialrichtung desselben; und - Rotary movement of the workpiece (1) and / or the container (2), in particular essentially around an axis of symmetry of the workpiece (1) and / or the container (2); - translational movement of the workpiece (1) in relation to the container (1), in particular essentially in the axial direction of the same; and
- Schwingungsanregung des Werkstückes (1) und/oder des Behälters (2), erfolgt. - The workpiece (1) and / or the container (2) are excited to vibrate.
8. Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbearbeitung von Werkstücken durch Eintauchen des Werkstückes (1) in eine Schüttung aus einem Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat unter rela tiver Bewegung derselben in Bezug auf das Werkstück (1), welche zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach ei nem der vorangehenden Ansprüche geeignet ist, mit einem Behälter (2) zur Aufnahme des Schleif und/oder Polier granulates und mit wenigstens einem Werkstückhalter (3), an welchem das zu bearbeitende Werkstück (1) lös bar festlegbar ist, wobei der Werkstückhalter (3) rela tiv zu dem Behälter (2) bewegbar ist, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung wenigstens eine zur Kom pression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Polier granulates zur Verfügung stehenden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters (2) ausgebildete Druckerzeugungseinrichtung (10) aufweist, um das Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulat gegen das Werkstück (1) während dessen Oberflächenbear beitung anzupressen. 8. Device for the surface treatment of workpieces by immersing the workpiece (1) in a bed of a grinding and / or polishing granulate with rela tive movement of the same in relation to the workpiece (1), which is used to carry out a method according to egg nem of the preceding claims is suitable with a container (2) for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules and with at least one workpiece holder (3) on which the workpiece (1) to be machined can be detached bar, the workpiece holder (3) rela tively to the container (2) is movable, characterized in that the device has at least one pressure generating device (10) designed to compress the volume of the container (2) available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granules, in order to produce the grinding - and / or polishing granules to be pressed against the workpiece (1) during its surface treatment.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung (10) wenigstens ein in dem Behälter (2) angeordnetes Expansionselement (11) aufweist, welches zur Kompression des zur Aufnahme des Schleif- und/oder Poliergranulates zur Verfügung ste henden Aufnahmevolumens des Behälters (2) expandierbar
ist. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure generating device (10) has at least one in the container (2) arranged expansion element (11), which is available for the compression of the available for receiving the grinding and / or polishing granulate receiving volume of the Container (2) expandable is.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Expansionselement (11) aus einem nachgiebigen Material gefertigt ist und wenigstens eine Expansions kammer (12) aufweist, welche mit einem Druckfluid, ins besondere mit einer Druckflüssigkeit, beaufschlagbar ist, um das Expansionselement (11) zu expandieren. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the expansion element (11) is made of a resilient material and has at least one expansion chamber (12) which can be acted upon with a pressure fluid, in particular with a pressure fluid, in order to move the expansion element ( 11) to expand.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass 11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that
- das Expansionselement (11) auf zumindest einem innen seitigen Abschnitt einer Wandung des Behälters (2) angeordnet ist, wobei insbesondere seine wenigstens eine Expansionskammer (12) mit wenigstens einem an der Außenseite des Behälters (2) angeordneten Druck fluidanschluss (13) in Verbindung steht; oder - The expansion element (11) is arranged on at least one inner-side section of a wall of the container (2), in particular its at least one expansion chamber (12) being connected to at least one pressure fluid connection (13) arranged on the outside of the container (2) stands; or
- das separate Expansionselement (11) in den Behälter (2) einsetzbar ist, wobei es insbesondere einen Träger (16) aufweist, welcher sein seine wenigstens eine Druckkammer (12) umfassendes, nachgiebiges Mate rial abstützt. - The separate expansion element (11) can be inserted into the container (2), wherein it has in particular a carrier (16) which supports its flexible material comprising at least one pressure chamber (12).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckerzeugungseinrichtung (10) steuerbar und/oder regelbar ist, wobei sie insbe sondere wenigstens eine Drucksteuer- und/oder -regel- einrichtung (14) aufweist, welche zur Drucksteuerung und/oder -regelung des Druckfluides ausgebildet ist, mit welchem die wenigstens eine Expansionskammer (12) des Expansionselementes (11) aus einem nachgiebigen Ma terial beaufschlagbar ist.
12. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the pressure generating device (10) can be controlled and / or regulated, wherein it has in particular at least one pressure control and / or regulating device (14) which is used for pressure control and / or control of the pressure fluid is formed, with which the at least one expansion chamber (12) of the expansion element (11) made of a flexible material can be acted upon.
13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (2) mittels eines Deckels (5) verschließbar ist, wobei der Werkstückhal ter (3) insbesondere an dem Deckel (5) gelagert ist. 13. Device according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the container (2) can be closed by means of a lid (5), the workpiece holder (3) being mounted in particular on the lid (5).
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (2) 14. Device according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the container (2)
- wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitseinlass (6a), welcher zum Zuführen eines flüssigen Bearbeitungsmediums aus gebildet ist, und/oder - At least one liquid inlet (6a), which is formed for supplying a liquid processing medium, and / or
- wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitsauslass (6b), welcher zum Abführen eines flüssiges Bearbeitungsmediums aus gebildet ist, aufweist. - Has at least one liquid outlet (6b), which is formed for discharging a liquid processing medium.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstückhalter (3) und/oder der Behälter (2) 15. Device according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the workpiece holder (3) and / or the container (2)
- drehbar gelagert ist, insbesondere im Wesentlichen um seine Symmetrieachse, und mit einem Drehantrieb (M) in Verbindung steht; und/oder - Is rotatably mounted, in particular essentially about its axis of symmetry, and is connected to a rotary drive (M); and or
- translatorisch gelagert ist, insbesondere im Wesent lichen in Axialrichtung desselben, und mit einem Translationsantrieb in Verbindung steht; und/oder- Is mounted in translation, in particular essentially union in the axial direction of the same, and is connected to a translational drive; and or
- mit einem Schwingungserzeuger, insbesondere in Form einer Ultraschallquelle, eines piezoelektrischen Aktors oder eines Unwuchtantriebs, in Verbindung steht.
- Is in connection with a vibration generator, in particular in the form of an ultrasound source, a piezoelectric actuator or an unbalance drive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102019008802.6 | 2019-12-18 | ||
DE102019008802.6A DE102019008802A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Method and device for the surface treatment of workpieces |
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WO2021122736A1 true WO2021122736A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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PCT/EP2020/086407 WO2021122736A1 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2020-12-16 | Method and device for treating the surface of workpieces |
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WO (1) | WO2021122736A1 (en) |
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