WO2021109757A1 - 摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109757A1
WO2021109757A1 PCT/CN2020/124443 CN2020124443W WO2021109757A1 WO 2021109757 A1 WO2021109757 A1 WO 2021109757A1 CN 2020124443 W CN2020124443 W CN 2020124443W WO 2021109757 A1 WO2021109757 A1 WO 2021109757A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
carrying device
lens carrying
buffer portion
camera
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/124443
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李张成
褚静
蒋磊
黄哲洙
舒迎飞
何瑛勇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20897353.7A priority Critical patent/EP4047918A4/en
Priority to US17/782,038 priority patent/US20230007153A1/en
Publication of WO2021109757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109757A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G02B7/08—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/52—Elements optimising image sensor operation, e.g. for electromagnetic interference [EMI] protection or temperature control by heat transfer or cooling elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
    • G02B27/646—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for small deviations, e.g. due to vibration or shake
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B3/00—Focusing arrangements of general interest for cameras, projectors or printers
    • G03B3/10—Power-operated focusing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B5/02—Lateral adjustment of lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0007—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur
    • G03B2205/0015—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur by displacing one or more optical elements normal to the optical axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0053—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element
    • G03B2205/0069—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element using electromagnetic actuators, e.g. voice coils

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of terminal equipment, and in particular to a camera motor, camera module and electronic equipment.
  • the large aperture lens is carried on the lens carrying device.
  • a lens with a large aperture is heavier, which increases the internal impact stress of the lens carrying device when it moves or is shaken by force, which easily causes damage to the lens carrying device and the lens, which affects imaging.
  • the present application provides a camera motor, a camera module, and electronic equipment, which can reduce the impact of the lens carrying device and the lens, reduce the risk of damage to the lens carrying device and the lens, and ensure the imaging quality.
  • the present application provides a camera motor, which is used to drive the lens.
  • the camera motor includes a motor housing, a lens carrying device, a buffer, and a driving device;
  • the motor housing has a containing cavity;
  • the lens carrying device is contained in the containing cavity and is spaced apart from the inner wall of the containing cavity;
  • the buffer portion is provided on the outer surface of the lens carrying device;
  • the lens carrying device is used to carry the lens and can drive the lens to be opposite to the outer surface of the lens carrying device along the optical axis direction of the lens Move;
  • the driving device is accommodated in the containing cavity, and the driving device can drive the lens carrier device to move in the containing cavity.
  • the lens carrying device may include a carrier housing, a focusing device and a lens barrel. Both the focusing device and the lens barrel are installed in the carrier housing. A lens is fixed in the lens barrel, and the focusing device is used to drive the lens barrel to move relative to the carrier housing along the optical axis direction of the lens, so that the lens barrel drives the lens to move relative to the carrier housing to achieve focusing. That is, when the lens carrying device drives the lens to focus, the lens can be moved relative to the carrier housing, instead of moving the lens and the lens carrying device together.
  • the driving device is used to drive the lens carrier device to move in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction (the plane may be referred to as a circumferential plane), and it can also drive the lens carrier device to tilt relative to the circumferential plane, even if the lens is relative to its optical axis. Tilt the axis direction to achieve optical image stabilization.
  • any outer surface of the lens carrying device can be provided with a buffer part, and the buffer part can be made of a material capable of buffering and absorbing vibration.
  • the buffer portion can reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens, thereby protecting the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the buffer portion includes a first buffer portion that can follow the lens carrier device to move in the receiving cavity and contact or separate from the inner wall of the receiving cavity.
  • the first buffer part contacts the inner wall of the containing cavity; when the lens carrying device moves in the reverse direction, the first buffer part is separated from the inner wall of the containing cavity.
  • the first buffer part may be made of a single material or a mixed material of several materials. The first buffer part can buffer the impact, reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens, thereby protecting the lens carrying device and the lens, and can limit the position of the lens carrying device.
  • the buffer portion includes a second buffer portion that connects the outer surface of the lens carrying device and the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and the second buffer portion can be located in the The lens carrying device deforms when it moves in the containing cavity.
  • the second buffer part always connects the outer surface of the lens carrying device and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the second buffer part can be made of a material that has buffer performance, damping performance, and can be elastically deformed. Due to the damping performance, the second buffer portion can suppress the vibration of the lens carrying device, thereby reducing or eliminating the abnormal noise of the camera motor.
  • the second buffer portion is soft in texture and can be deformed when the lens carrying device moves, and will not hinder the movement of the lens carrying device.
  • the second buffer part can also play a role in absorbing impact and reducing impact stress.
  • the lens carrying device has an installation through hole for installing the lens; the outer surface of the lens carrying device includes a peripheral side surface, and the peripheral side surface surrounds the installation through hole.
  • the axis of the hole; the peripheral side is spaced from the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and the buffer portion is provided on the peripheral side.
  • the axis of the mounting through hole can be parallel or approximately parallel to the direction of the optical axis of the lens.
  • the buffering part is arranged on the peripheral side, which can greatly reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens for the scene where the lens carrying device moves in the circumferential plane.
  • the outer surface of the lens carrying device includes an axial surface, the peripheral side surface is connected to the peripheral edge of the axial surface, and the axial surface is perpendicular to the axis of the mounting through hole;
  • the axial surface is spaced from the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and the buffer portion is provided on the axial surface. Setting the buffer part on the axial surface can greatly reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens for scenes where the lens carrying device moves in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the driving device can drive the lens carrying device to move in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mounting through hole.
  • the axis of the installation through hole can be parallel to the optical axis of the lens, so the driving device can drive the lens carrying device to move in the circumferential plane to realize optical anti-shake.
  • the driving device includes an elastic sheet, a power supply part and a shape memory alloy wire; the elastic sheet is located between the lens carrier device and the power supply part, and the elastic sheet includes a main body part and an elastic arm connected to each other.
  • the main body is fixedly connected to the lens carrying device, the elastic arm is fixedly connected to the power supply part; the power supply part is fixed in the accommodating cavity, and the power supply part is used to feed the shape memory alloy Wire power supply; one end of the shape memory alloy wire is fixed to the power supply part, and the other end of the shape memory alloy wire is fixed to the body part; the shape memory alloy wire can be deformed when it is energized to drive the The main body and the lens carrying device move.
  • the driving device can drive the lens carrying device to move in the circumferential plane through the characteristics of the shape memory alloy wire, so as to realize optical anti-shake.
  • the elastic arm of the elastic sheet can provide elastic force, which can enable the lens carrying device to move stably and pull the lens carrying device back to the set position when the power is cut off.
  • a buffer part is provided in the camera motor using the driving device, which can greatly reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the lens carrying device includes a permanent magnet arranged inside;
  • the driving device includes a power supply unit and a coil (which can be called an anti-shake coil); both the coil and the power supply unit are connected to the
  • the lens carrying device is spaced apart, the coil and the power supply part are both fixed in the accommodating cavity, and the coil is fixedly connected to the power supply part; the coil can apply a driving force to the permanent magnet when energized, To drive the lens carrying device to move.
  • the coil of the driving device can interact with the permanent magnet in the lens carrying device to drive the lens carrying device to move in the circumferential plane to realize optical anti-shake.
  • a buffer part is provided in the camera motor using the driving device, which can greatly reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the driving device includes an elastic column, one end of the elastic column is fixed to the power supply part, and the other end of the elastic column is fixed to the lens carrying device;
  • the lens carrying device moves, it is pulled by the lens carrying device to bend elastically.
  • the elastic column can also play a conductive role to electrically connect the power supply part with the focus coil in the lens carrying device.
  • the elastic column will bend under the pulling of the lens carrying device.
  • the lens carrying device Under the combined action of the anti-shake coil, the permanent magnet, and the elastic column, the lens carrying device can move smoothly to a desired position.
  • the elastic column can recover its deformation and pull the lens carrying device back to the set position.
  • the present application provides a camera motor, which is used to drive the lens.
  • the camera motor includes a motor housing, a lens carrying device, a buffer, and a driving device; the motor housing has a receiving cavity; the lens carrying device is received in the receiving cavity and is spaced from the inner wall of the receiving cavity, so The lens carrying device is used to fix the lens so that the lens and the lens carrying device are relatively stationary; the buffer portion is provided on the outer surface of the lens carrying device; the driving device is used to drive the lens
  • the carrying device moves along the optical axis direction of the lens, and moves in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction.
  • the lens carrying device itself does not drive the lens for focusing movement, the lens carrying device is only used to hold the lens, and there is no relative movement between the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the driving device can drive the lens carrying device to move along the optical axis to achieve focusing.
  • the driving device can also drive the lens carrying device to move in the circumferential plane to achieve optical anti-shake.
  • the driving device can also drive the lens carrying device to tilt with respect to the circumferential plane to achieve optical anti-shake.
  • Any outer surface of the lens carrying device can be provided with a buffer part, and the buffer part can be made of a material capable of buffering and absorbing vibration. When the lens carrying device hits the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, the buffer portion can reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens, thereby protecting the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the buffer portion includes a first buffer portion that can follow the lens carrier device to move in the receiving cavity and contact or separate from the inner wall of the receiving cavity.
  • the first buffer part contacts the inner wall of the containing cavity; when the lens carrying device moves in the reverse direction, the first buffer part is separated from the inner wall of the containing cavity.
  • the first buffer part may be made of a single material or a mixed material of several materials. The first buffer part can buffer the impact, reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens, thereby protecting the lens carrying device and the lens, and can limit the position of the lens carrying device.
  • the buffer portion includes a second buffer portion connected between the outer surface of the lens carrier device and the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and the second buffer portion can Deformation occurs when the lens carrying device moves in the receiving cavity.
  • the second buffer part always connects the outer surface of the lens carrying device and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the second buffer part can be made of a material that has buffer performance, damping performance, and can be elastically deformed. Due to the damping performance, the second buffer portion can suppress the vibration of the lens carrying device, thereby reducing or eliminating the abnormal noise of the camera motor.
  • the second buffer portion is soft in texture and can be deformed when the lens carrying device moves, and will not hinder the movement of the lens carrying device.
  • the second buffer part can also play a role in absorbing impact and reducing impact stress.
  • the driving device includes a fixing frame and several pairs of shape memory alloy wires; the fixing frame is fixed in the receiving cavity, and the outer surface of the lens carrying device is spaced from the fixing frame,
  • the plurality of pairs of shape memory alloy wires are distributed at intervals on the periphery of the lens carrying device, two shape memory alloy wires of each pair of shape memory alloy wires intersect, and each shape memory alloy wire is connected to the lens carrying device
  • the lens carrying device is suspended on the fixing frame; the several pairs of shape memory alloy wires can deform when energized, so as to jointly drive the lens carrying device to move.
  • the driving device can drive the lens carrier device to move through the characteristics of the shape memory alloy wire to achieve focus and optical image stabilization.
  • a buffer part is provided in the camera motor using the driving device, which can greatly reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens.
  • the lens carrying device includes a carrier and a first mating part; the carrier is used to fix the lens; the first mating part is fixed on the outer surface of the carrier; the buffer part Is provided on the outer surface of the carrier and/or the outer surface of the first mating part; the fixing frame includes a base and a second mating part; the base and the carrier are spaced apart; the second mating part is fixed On the periphery of the base body, the second mating part is matched with the first mating part and arranged at intervals; each shape memory alloy wire is connected between the first mating part and the second mating part.
  • the present application provides a camera module including a lens and the camera motor, and the lens is mounted on the lens carrying device. Since the buffering part is provided, the impact stress of the lens carrying device and the lens can be reduced, and the risk of damage to the lens carrying device and the lens can be reduced, thereby ensuring the imaging quality.
  • the present application provides an electronic device including a housing and the camera module, the camera module being installed in the housing.
  • the camera module of the electronic device has high reliability and good imaging quality.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the electronic device of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of the electronic device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the camera module of the electronic device in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the camera module in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the camera motor of the camera module in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the lens carrying device of the camera motor in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a simplified cross-sectional structural diagram showing the assembly relationship between the camera motor and the lens in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the driving device of the camera motor in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second elastic piece of the driving device in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the camera motor in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lens carrying device and the driving device of the camera motor in FIG. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a simplified structural diagram of the camera motor in the second embodiment taken along the B-B section in Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the camera motor in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the camera motor in FIG. 13 after removing the motor housing;
  • Fig. 15 is a simplified structural diagram of the camera motor in the third embodiment taken along the C-C section in Fig. 13.
  • the following embodiments of the application provide an electronic device, which includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an e-reader, a wearable device, and the like.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone as an example for description.
  • the electronic device 10 may include a housing 11, a screen 12, a camera lens 13, and a camera module 14.
  • the housing 11 may include a main body portion 112 and a frame portion 111 surrounding the periphery of the main body portion 112.
  • the main body portion 112 and the frame portion 111 enclose an inner cavity 11a, and the inner cavity 11a has an opening.
  • the main body 112 can be provided with a camera hole, and the camera lens 13 is installed in the camera hole.
  • the screen 12 is installed in the inner cavity 11a and exposed from the opening of the inner cavity 11a.
  • the screen 12 may include a cover plate and a display panel stacked on each other.
  • the cover is used to protect the display panel.
  • the display panel can have a built-in touch unit, and the display panel has both display and touch functions.
  • the touch unit can be integrated into the cover, that is, the cover is a touch cover, and the display panel does not have a touch function.
  • the screen 12 does not contain a cover, and the screen 12 is a display panel.
  • the surface of the display panel exposed from the opening can be provided with a protective layer to realize the self-protection of the display panel.
  • the screen 12 may be flat.
  • the screen 12 may also be a curved screen.
  • the screen 12 may include a flat part and curved parts connected to opposite sides of the flat part.
  • the camera module 14 is housed in the inner cavity 11a and corresponds to the camera hole.
  • the camera module 14 can receive external light incident through the camera lens 13 to realize image information collection.
  • the lighting surface of the camera module 14 (the light enters the camera module 14 from the lighting surface) faces away from the display surface of the screen 12 (the surface of the display screen), that is, the camera module 14 may be a rear camera module 14 .
  • the lighting surface of the camera module 14 and the display surface of the screen 12 face the same, that is, the camera module 14 may be a front camera module 14.
  • the front camera module 14 may be an under-screen camera module 14 or an in-screen camera module 14.
  • the camera lens 13 can be eliminated.
  • the camera module 14 may include a lens 15, a camera motor 16, a lens holder 19, a filter 18 and a circuit board assembly 17.
  • the lens 15 is mounted on the camera motor 16.
  • the lens 15 has an optical axis 15a, and the direction of the optical axis 15a may be referred to as an optical axis direction.
  • the lens 15 can be driven by the camera motor 16 to move along the optical axis to achieve focusing.
  • the lens 15 can also move in a circumferential plane (a plane perpendicular to the optical axis 15a) to achieve optical anti-shake.
  • the embodiment does not limit the specific structure and type of the lens 15, for example, it may be a large aperture lens.
  • the lens holder 19 is used to carry the camera motor 16.
  • the lens holder 19 can be partially hollowed out to form an installation groove, the filter 18 is placed in the installation groove, and external light can pass through the lens 15 to the filter 18.
  • the material of the filter 18 is not limited, and may be blue glass, for example. The embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the lens holder 19 and the filter 18.
  • the circuit board assembly 17 and the camera motor 16 are respectively located on opposite sides of the lens base 19.
  • the circuit board assembly 17 may include connected rigid circuit boards and flexible circuit boards.
  • An image sensor can be arranged on the hard circuit board, and the light passing through the filter 18 will be collected by the image sensor.
  • a connector can be arranged at one end of the flexible circuit board away from the hard circuit board, and the camera module 14 is connected to the main board of the electronic device 10 through the connector.
  • the camera motor 16 may include a motor housing, a lens carrying device 21 and a driving device 22.
  • the motor housing may include a first cover 201, a side frame 202 and a second cover 203. Both the first cover 201 and the second cover 203 can be in a flat sheet shape, and the first cover 201 and the second cover 203 can be parallel or approximately parallel.
  • the first cover 201 can have a first through hole h1, and the second cover 203 can have a second through hole h2, and the first through hole h1 and the second through hole h2 can be aligned. Both the axis of the first through hole h1 and the axis of the second through hole h2 may be parallel or approximately parallel to the optical axis direction of the lens 15.
  • the side frame 202 connects the first cover 201 and the second cover 203 and surrounds the periphery of the first cover 201 and the periphery of the second cover 203.
  • the first cover 201, the side frame 202, and the second cover 203 can enclose a receiving cavity 20a, and the receiving cavity 20a is used for accommodating the lens carrying device 21, Lens 15 and driving device 22.
  • the lens carrying device 21, the driving device 22, and the second cover 203 are stacked in sequence.
  • the second cover 203 is connected to the lens base 19 so that the entire camera motor 16 is carried on the lens base 19.
  • the first cover 201 and the side frame 202 can be connected as a whole, and the second cover 203 can be a separate component.
  • This design enables the motor housing to have a higher structural strength, and is also convenient for assembling the driving device 22, the lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15.
  • the motor housing may have other suitable structures, as long as it can accommodate the lens carrying device 21, the lens 15 and the driving device 22.
  • the lens carrying device 21 is movably received in the receiving cavity 20a.
  • the lens carrying device 21 may be, for example, a voice coil motor (Voice Coil Motor, VCM for short).
  • the lens carrying device 21 may include a carrier housing 23.
  • the outer surface of the carrier housing 23 may include a first axial surface 231, a second axial surface 233 and a peripheral side surface 232.
  • the first axial surface 231 and the second axial surface 233 are both perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the optical axis direction.
  • the first axial surface 231 is close to the first cover 201, and the second axial surface 233 is away from the first cover 201.
  • the peripheral side surface 232 connects the first axial surface 231 and the second axial surface 233 and surrounds the peripheral edge of the first axial surface 231 and the peripheral edge of the second axial surface 233. As shown in FIG.
  • both the first axial surface 231 and the peripheral side surface 232 may be spaced from the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20 a, and the space can be used as the movable space of the lens carrying device 21.
  • the second axial surface 233 may be fixed to the driving device 22.
  • a focusing device (not shown) and a lens barrel 26 are installed in the carrier housing 23.
  • the focusing device may include a permanent magnet and a focusing coil.
  • the focusing coil is in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and when the focusing coil is energized, it will receive ampere force in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the focus coil is wound around the outer circumference of the lens barrel 26.
  • the lens barrel 26 has a mounting through hole h3, and the mounting through hole h3 is aligned with the first through hole h1 and the second through hole h2.
  • the axis of the mounting through hole h3 may be parallel or approximately parallel to the direction of the optical axis of the lens 15.
  • the lens 15 is fixed in the mounting through hole h3.
  • the focusing coil will drive the lens barrel 26 and the lens 15 to move relative to the carrier housing 23 along the optical axis (for example, move relative to the carrier housing 23 in the vertical direction in the viewing angle of FIG. 6) to achieve focusing.
  • the lens carrying device 21 may further include a first elastic piece (shielded and not shown) provided in the carrier housing 23, and the first elastic piece is connected to the carrier housing 23 and the lens barrel 26.
  • a first elastic piece shieldded and not shown
  • the first elastic piece can be elastically deformed, and the first elastic piece can provide an elastic force opposite to the ampere force.
  • the lens barrel 26 and the lens 15 can move stably to the required positions.
  • the first elastic piece can recover its deformation and pull the lens barrel 26 and the lens 15 back to the set position.
  • the first elastic piece can be elastically deformed in the direction of the optical axis and in the direction parallel to the circumferential plane.
  • the elastic coefficient of the first elastic piece in the direction of the optical axis may be relatively small, that is, the first elastic piece is relatively "soft" in the direction of the optical axis, is easily deformed, and can provide limited elastic force.
  • the lens carrying device 21 is not limited to the voice coil motor described above, as long as it can drive the lens 15 to move relative to the lens carrying device 21 along the optical axis 15a to achieve focusing.
  • the lens carrying device 21 may be a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS for short) module.
  • MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical System
  • the driving device 22 is installed in the receiving cavity 20 a, and the driving device 22 is located between the lens carrying device 21 and the second cover 203.
  • the driving device 22 can be fixed on the surface of the second cover 203.
  • the driving device 22 is used to apply a driving force to the lens carrying device 21 at the second axial surface 233 to drive the lens carrying device 21 to move in the circumferential plane. This will be explained in detail below.
  • the driving device 22 may include a second elastic piece 27, a power supply part 29, and four shape memory alloy (SMA) wires 28.
  • the second elastic piece 27 is laminated with the power supply part 29, and the second elastic piece 27 is adjacent to the lens carrying device 21.
  • the second elastic piece 27 may include a body portion 271 and two elastic arms 272.
  • the body portion 271 may be in the shape of an annular sheet.
  • the surface of the main body portion 271 facing the power supply portion 29 is spaced apart from the power supply portion 29.
  • the surface of the body portion 271 facing the lens carrying device 21 is fixed to the second axial surface 233 of the lens carrying device 21.
  • the root of each elastic arm 272 is connected to the main body 271, and at least part of each elastic arm 272 can be fixed to the power supply part 29.
  • Each elastic arm 272 surrounds the periphery of the body portion 271.
  • the two elastic arms 272 are spaced apart, and the free end of one elastic arm 272 is close to the root of the other elastic arm 272.
  • the power supply part 29 may be approximately ring-shaped, and it may be fixed to the second cover 203.
  • the power supply part 29 is used to supply power to the four shape memory alloy wires.
  • each shape memory alloy wire 28 is fixed to the power supply part 29 and the other end is fixed to the main body part 271.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 28 can be deformed when it is energized, and its end connected to the main body portion 271 can apply a driving force to the main body portion 271.
  • the main body 271 and the lens carrier 21 can move in the circumferential plane, thereby driving the lens 15 to move in the circumferential plane.
  • the movement of the lens 15 in the circumferential plane can perform displacement compensation for the shake of the lens 15 in a direction parallel to the circumferential plane, thereby realizing optical image stabilization.
  • the elastic arm 272 of the second elastic piece 27 can provide an elastic force that is opposite to the direction of the driving force exerted by the shape memory alloy wire 28. Under the joint action of the elastic arm 272 and the shape memory alloy wire 28, the lens carrying device 21 can be stably moved to a desired position. In addition, when the power is off, the elastic force of the elastic arm 272 can pull the lens carrier 21 back to the set position. Similar to the above-mentioned first elastic piece, the elastic arm 272 can also be elastically deformed in the optical axis direction. The elasticity of the elastic arm 272 in the optical axis direction is relatively small, and the elastic arm 272 is in the optical axis direction. It is relatively “soft” and easily deformed, and the elasticity it can provide is limited.
  • the driving device 22 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure and characteristics, as long as it can drive the lens carrying device 21 to move in the circumferential plane, or drive the lens carrying device 21 to tilt relative to the circumferential plane to achieve optical image stabilization. can.
  • the circumferential side surface 232 will hit the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20 a.
  • the peripheral side surface 232 and the first axial surface 231 may also hit the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20a.
  • the lens 15 is a heavier, large-aperture lens, the impact stress on the lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15 will increase, which may cause the lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15 to collide and fail.
  • the permanent magnet in the lens carrying device 21 may break due to impact, and the lens 15 may fail to focus and cause abnormal imaging.
  • both the first axial surface 231 and the peripheral side surface 232 can be fixed with the first buffer portion 24 (to clearly identify the first buffer portion 24, the first buffer portion 24 is schematically The portion 24 is indicated by shading), and the first buffer portion 24 can follow the movement of the lens carrying device 21 in the receiving cavity 20a.
  • the first buffer portion 24 can contact the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20a.
  • the first buffer portion 24 can also be separated from the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20a along with the movement of the lens carrying device 21.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may be made of materials that can absorb impact energy, such as liquid silicone, rubber, plastic (such as liquid crystal polymer, LCP for short), foam, Mylar, resin, and the like.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may be made of a single material or a mixture of several materials.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may be made of a mixed material of LCP and rubber.
  • the mixed material has both strength and toughness, so that the first buffer portion 24 can cushion impact, reduce the impact stress of the lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15, thereby The lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15 are protected, and the lens carrying device 21 can be restricted.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may be provided in an area with greater impact stress to achieve maximum buffering.
  • the first buffer portions 24 may be distributed in a partial area of the first axial surface 231, and the first buffer portions 24 on the first axial surface 231 may be connected as a whole.
  • a plurality of first buffer portions 24 may be distributed in a partial area of the peripheral side surface 232 at intervals, and the plurality of first buffer portions 24 may be located in four corner regions of the peripheral side surface 232, for example.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may also be distributed on the entire area of the first axial surface 231 and the entire area of the peripheral side surface 232; or, the first buffer portion 24 may be distributed only on the peripheral side surface 232 or the first axial surface 231 .
  • the first buffer portion 24 may be integrally formed with the carrier housing 23 of the lens carrier device 21.
  • materials that are easy to injection mold such as silicone rubber, rubber, and the like, can be two-shot injection molded together with the material of the carrier shell 23.
  • the first buffer part 24 may be assembled to the carrier housing 23.
  • the first buffer portion 24 can be made of easily bonded materials such as foam, Mylar, and the like, and the first buffer portion 24 can be bonded to the carrier shell 23.
  • the first buffer portion 24 can be made of a suitable material, and a connecting structure is provided on the carrier shell 23, and the first buffer portion 24 is fixed to the carrier shell 23 through the connecting structure.
  • the connection structure is not limited to card slots, mounting holes, etc.
  • the shape of the first buffer portion 24 can be designed according to needs, and is not limited to a bump shape, a strip shape, a block shape, and the like.
  • the lens carrying device 21 since the first buffer portion 24 is provided on the outer surface of the lens carrying device 21, no matter where the lens carrying device 21 moves to any position, the lens carrying device 21 can be better buffered and protected. This design can realize the buffer protection of the lens carrying device 21 with a smaller amount of buffer material, a simpler structure, and a higher product yield.
  • the first buffer portion 24 is provided on the inner surface of the motor housing, since it is difficult to know exactly which areas of the inner surface are the areas that collide with the lens carrying device 21, for the purpose of comprehensively protecting the lens carrying device 21, It is necessary to arrange cushioning materials on the entire inner surface, which will increase the consumption of cushioning materials.
  • the first buffer part 24 is provided inside the lens carrying device 21 (for example, the outer wall of the lens barrel 26), since the internal structure of the lens carrying device 21 is already very complicated, adding the first buffer part 24 inside will greatly increase Structural design, production, and assembly are difficult; and the lens carrying device 21 may squeeze or rub the first buffer part 24 when it moves or is impacted, and the debris generated by the first buffer part 24 can easily fall on the lens 15, filter 18 or On the image sensor, it affects imaging.
  • the lens 15 when the lens 15 is a heavier large-aperture lens, the load of the lens carrying device 21 is increased, and the first elastic piece in the lens carrying device 21 and the second elastic piece 27 in the driving device 22 are in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the above are relatively “soft", and the elastic force that can be provided is limited, and the lens carrying device 21 cannot be stabilized well. Therefore, the lens carrying device 21 is prone to self-vibration or forced vibration, which causes abnormal noise of the camera motor 16.
  • a second buffer portion 25 may also be provided between the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201 (to clearly identify the second buffer portion 25, indicating The second buffer part 25 is indicated by shading, and the second buffer part 25 connects the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be made of a material that has buffering performance and damping performance, and can be elastically deformed, such as damping glue. Due to its damping performance, the second buffer portion 25 can suppress the vibration of the lens carrying device 21, thereby reducing or eliminating abnormal noise of the camera motor 16.
  • the second buffer portion 25 is soft in texture, it can be deformed when the lens carrying device 21 moves, so the movement of the lens carrying device 21 will not be hindered.
  • the second buffer portion 25 can also play a role in absorbing impact and reducing impact stress. It can be understood that for any type of lens 15, the second buffer portion 25 can be provided for vibration absorption and buffering, and it is not limited to a large aperture lens.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be distributed in an area where the vibration intensity is relatively large, so as to suppress the vibration to the greatest extent.
  • the four corners of the first axial surface 231 may each have a second buffer portion 25 distributed.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may also be distributed in other areas on the first axial surface 231.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may also be connected between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be provided only between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202.
  • the shape of the second buffer portion 25 can be designed according to needs, and is not limited to a bump shape, a strip shape, a block shape, and the like.
  • the second buffer portion 25 and the first buffer portion 24 can be collectively referred to as a buffer portion.
  • the second buffer portion 25 and the first buffer portion 24 need not exist at the same time.
  • only the first buffer portion 24 or only the second buffer portion 25 may be provided according to product requirements.
  • the difference from the first embodiment above is that the driving device does not drive the lens carrying device 21 through the shape memory alloy wire, but relies on the interaction of the anti-vibration coil and the magnetic field to drive the lens carrying device 21.
  • the lens carrying device 21 is suspended relative to the driving device.
  • the driving device 32 of the camera motor 30 includes a power supply part 323, an anti-shake coil 322 and four elastic columns 321.
  • Both the power supply portion 323 and the anti-shake coil 322 can be fixed to the second cover 203, and both the power supply portion 323 and the anti-shake coil 322 can be spaced apart from the second axial surface 233 of the lens carrying device 21.
  • the power supply unit 323 is fixedly connected to the anti-shake coil 322, and the power supply unit 323 is used to supply power to the anti-shake coil 322.
  • the anti-shake coil 322 is in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet of the lens carrying device 21, and when the anti-shake coil 322 is energized, it will receive an ampere force along a direction parallel to the circumferential plane. Since the anti-shake coil 322 is fixed and the lens carrying device 21 is movable, the anti-shake coil 322 can drive the permanent magnet in the reverse direction to move the lens carrying device 21 in the circumferential plane, thereby realizing optical anti-shake.
  • each elastic pillar 321 may be made of a conductive material with good bending properties, such as copper.
  • One end of each elastic column 321 is fixed to the power supply part 323, and the other end is fixed to the lens carrying device 21. Through the four elastic posts 321, the lens carrying device 21 can be hung above the power supply part 323.
  • the elastic column 321 can also play a conductive role to electrically connect the power supply part 323 with the focus coil in the lens carrier device 21.
  • the elastic column 321 When the lens carrying device 21 moves, the elastic column 321 will bend under the pulling of the lens carrying device 21. Under the joint action of the anti-shake coil 322, the permanent magnet, and the elastic column 321, the lens carrying device 21 can smoothly move to a desired position. When the power is cut off, the elastic column 321 can recover its deformation and pull the lens carrying device 21 back to the set position.
  • the number and/or positions of the elastic posts 321 are not limited to those described above, as long as they can support and stabilize the lens carrying device 21.
  • the elastic column 321 can also be made of a non-conductor, and can supply power to the lens carrying device 21 in other ways. Alternatively, other structures that can provide elastic force can be used instead of the elastic column 321.
  • the second axial surface 233 of the lens carrying device 21 in the second embodiment is also spaced from the driving device 32.
  • the second axial surface 233 may collide with the driving device 32, causing the impact stress on the lens carrying device 21 and the lens 15 to further increase. Therefore, in addition to the first buffer portion 24 provided on the first axial surface 231 and the peripheral side surface 232 of the lens carrying device 21, the second axial surface 233 may also be provided with the first buffer portion 24 to absorb impact energy to the greatest extent and reduce the impact energy.
  • the small lens bears the impact stress of the device 21.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may also be provided only on any one surface or any two surfaces among the first axial surface 231, the peripheral side surface 232, and the second axial surface 233.
  • a second buffer portion 25 may be provided between the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201, and the first shaft The facing surface 231 is connected to the first cover 201; a second buffer portion 25 is provided between the second axial surface 233 and the power supply portion 323 to connect the second axial surface 233 and the power supply portion 323.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be connected only between the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201, or only connected between the second axial surface 233 and the second cover 203.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be simultaneously connected between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202, between the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201, and between the second axial surface 233 and the second cover 203.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may only be connected between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202 and between the first axial surface 231 and the first cover 201.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may only be connected between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202 and between the second axial surface 233 and the second cover 203.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be connected only between the peripheral side surface 232 and the side frame 202.
  • the second buffer portion 25 and the first buffer portion 24 need not exist at the same time.
  • only the first buffer portion 24 or only the second buffer portion 25 may be provided according to product requirements.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the motor housing of the camera motor 40 may include a first cover 201 and a side frame 202, without the second cover 203.
  • the lens carrying device 41 does not drive the lens 15 for focusing movement, the lens carrying device 41 is only used to hold the lens 15 and there is no relative movement between the lens carrying device 41 and the lens 15.
  • the driving device 42 can drive the lens carrying device 41 to move through the deformation of the shape memory alloy, so as to realize the focusing and optical image stabilization of the lens 15. This will be explained in detail below.
  • the lens carrying device 41 may include a carrier 43 and a first matching portion 44.
  • the carrier 43 is close to the first cover 201.
  • the carrier 43 may be approximately ring-shaped, and the annular space enclosed by the carrier 43 is the installation through hole h3.
  • the carrier 43 can be sleeved on the outer periphery of the lens 15 to hold the lens 15.
  • the carrier 43 may have a first axial surface 431, a peripheral side surface 432 and a second axial surface 433.
  • the first axial surface 431, the peripheral side surface 432, and the second axial surface 433 may all be spaced from the receiving cavity of the motor housing.
  • the first matching portion 44 protrudes from the peripheral side surface 432.
  • first matching portions 44 There may be two first matching portions 44, and the two first matching portions 44 are respectively located on opposite sides of the peripheral side surface 432, and the two first matching portions 44 may be symmetrical about the axis of the mounting through hole h3.
  • the first matching portion 44 may be approximately cylindrical.
  • the driving device 42 may include a fixing frame and four pairs of shape memory alloy wires 45.
  • the fixing frame is fixed.
  • the fixing frame may include a base 46 and a second matching portion 47.
  • the base 46 is located on the side of the carrier 43 away from the first cover 201.
  • the base 46 may be approximately plate-shaped, and the base 46 may be provided with a third through hole h4, and the third through hole h4 may be aligned with the mounting through hole h3.
  • the base 46 can be similar to the second cover 203 described above, the side frame 202 of the motor housing can be connected with the base 46, and the base 46 can be connected with the lens holder 19.
  • the second matching portion 47 is fixed on the periphery of the base 46, the second matching portion 47 may be approximately cylindrical, and the extending direction of the second matching portion 47 may be substantially parallel to the axis of the third through hole h4.
  • the second mating portion 47 may form a mating groove 47 a, and the mating groove 47 a is engaged with the first mating portion 44.
  • the four pairs of shape memory alloy wires 45 can be respectively arranged around the fixing frame, and the four pairs of shape memory alloy wires 45 are spaced apart. Two shape memory alloy wires 45 in each pair of shape memory alloy wires 45 cross each other. One end of each memory alloy wire is fixed to the second matching portion 47 of the fixing frame, and the other end is fixed to the first matching portion 44 of the lens carrying device 41.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the camera motor 40 taken along the CC section in Figure 13.
  • the lens carrying device 41 can pass Four pairs of shape memory alloy wires 45 are suspended on the fixing frame, so that the peripheral side 432 is spaced from the surface of the second mating portion 47, the second axial surface 433 is spaced from the surface of the base 46, and the first mating portion 44 is spaced from the mating groove 47a.
  • the groove walls are spaced apart.
  • Each shape memory alloy wire 45 can be deformed when it is energized, and exert a driving force on the lens carrying device 41. Through the common driving of the four pairs of shape memory alloy wires 45, the lens carrier 41 and the lens 15 can move in the direction of the optical axis and in the direction parallel to the circumferential plane to achieve focus and optical image stabilization.
  • the lens carrying device 41 when the lens carrying device 41 performs anti-shake movement and focusing movement, or the camera module 14 is impacted, the lens carrying device 41 is likely to collide with the motor housing, the base 46 of the fixing frame, or the fixing frame.
  • the second matching portion 47 causes the impact stress of the lens carrying device 41 and the lens 15 to increase sharply. Therefore, the first axial surface 431, the peripheral side surface 432, the second axial surface 433 of the lens carrying device 41, and the surface where the lens carrying device 41 fits with the mating groove 47a can be provided with the first buffer portion 24 to maximize The impact energy is absorbed, and the impact stress of the lens carrying device 41 is reduced.
  • the first buffer portion 24 may also be provided only on any one of the first axial surface 431, the peripheral side surface 432, the second axial surface 433, and the surface where the lens carrier 41 and the mating groove 47a fit. , Any two or any three surfaces.
  • a second buffer 25 may be provided between the first axial surface 431 and the first cover 201, and the first axial surface 431 and the second The cover 201 is connected; a second buffer portion 25 is provided between the second axial surface 433 and the base 46 to connect the second axial surface 433 with the base 46; between the peripheral side surface 432 and the second mating portion 47 is provided The second buffer part 25 connects the peripheral side surface 432 with the second mating part 47; the second buffer part 25 is provided between the first mating part 44 and the second mating part 47, connecting the first mating part 44 and the second mating part 47 47 connections.
  • the second buffer portion 25 may be connected to any outer surface of the lens carrying device 41 and the motor housing, or the second buffer portion 25 may be connected to any outer surface of the lens carrying device 41 and the fixing frame.
  • the second buffer portion 25 and the first buffer portion 24 need not exist at the same time.
  • only the first buffer portion 24 or only the second buffer portion 25 may be provided according to product requirements.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备。该摄像头马达包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置、缓冲部和驱动装置；所述马达外壳具有收容腔；所述镜头承载装置收容在所述收容腔内，并与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔；所述缓冲部设于所述镜头承载装置的外表面；所述驱动装置收容在所述收容腔内，所述驱动装置能够驱动所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动。本申请的方案能够减少镜头承载装置及镜头受到的冲击，降低镜头承载装置及镜头受损的风险，保证成像质量。

Description

摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备
本申请要求于2019年12月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911245274.6、申请名称为“摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端设备领域，尤其涉及一种摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备。
背景技术
随着消费者对于手机拍摄要求的不断提升，大光圈镜头已备受用户追捧。大光圈镜头承载于镜头承载装置。但是具有大光圈的镜头较重，使得镜头承载装置在运动或受力晃动时内部的冲击应力增大，容易导致镜头承载装置及镜头受损，影响成像。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种摄像头马达、摄像头模组和电子设备，能够减少镜头承载装置及镜头受到的冲击，降低镜头承载装置及镜头受损的风险，保证成像质量。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种摄像头马达，该摄像头马达用于驱动镜头。所述摄像头马达包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置、缓冲部和驱动装置；所述马达外壳具有收容腔；所述镜头承载装置收容在所述收容腔内，并与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔；所述缓冲部设于所述镜头承载装置的外表面；所述镜头承载装置用于承载所述镜头，并能够驱动所述镜头沿所述镜头的光轴方向相对所述镜头承载装置的外表面移动；所述驱动装置收容在所述收容腔内，所述驱动装置能够驱动所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动。
该镜头承载装置可以包括载体外壳、对焦装置和镜筒。对焦装置和镜筒均安装在载体外壳内。镜筒内固定有镜头，对焦装置用于驱动镜筒沿镜头的光轴方向相对载体外壳移动，使得镜筒带动镜头相对载体外壳移动，从而实现对焦。即镜头承载装置驱动镜头对焦时，能使镜头相对载体外壳移动，并非使镜头与镜头承载装置一起移动。
该镜头承载装置的任意外表面均可以与收容腔的内壁相互间隔。该驱动装置用于驱动该镜头承载装置在垂直于该光轴方向的平面(该平面可称为周向平面)内移动，也可以驱动镜头承载装置相对该周向平面倾斜，即使镜头相对其光轴方向做倾斜运动，以实现光学防抖。
该镜头承载装置的任意外表面均可以设缓冲部，该缓冲部可由能缓冲吸振的材料制造。当该镜头承载装置撞向该收容腔的内壁时，该缓冲部能减少镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力，从而对镜头承载装置及镜头进行防护。
在一种实现方式中，所述缓冲部包括第一缓冲部，所述第一缓冲部能够跟随所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动，并与所述收容腔的内壁接触或分离。当镜头承载装置撞向收容腔的内壁时，第一缓冲部与收容腔的内壁接触；当镜头承载装置反向运动时，第一缓冲部与收容腔的内壁分离。第一缓冲部可由单一材料制成或由若干材料的混合材料制成。第一缓冲部能够缓冲冲击，减小镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力，从而对镜头承载装置及镜头进行防护，又能对镜头承载装置进行限位。
在一种实现方式中，所述缓冲部包括第二缓冲部，所述第二缓冲部连接所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述收容腔的内壁，所述第二缓冲部能够在所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内 运动时产生形变。第二缓冲部始终连接镜头承载装置的外表面与收容腔的内壁。第二缓冲部可由具有缓冲性能、阻尼性能，可弹性形变的材料制成。由于具有阻尼性能，第二缓冲部能够抑制镜头承载装置的振动，从而减小或消除摄像头马达的异响。并且，第二缓冲部质地柔软，在镜头承载装置运动时可以变形，不会阻碍镜头承载装置的运动。第二缓冲部也能起到吸收冲击，降低冲击应力的作用。
在一种实现方式中，所述镜头承载装置具有安装通孔，所述安装通孔用于安装所述镜头；所述镜头承载装置的外表面包括周侧面，所述周侧面环绕所述安装通孔的轴线；所述周侧面与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述缓冲部设于所述周侧面。该安装通孔的轴线可以与镜头的光轴方向平行或近似平行。将缓冲部设在周侧面，能够针对镜头承载装置在该周向平面内移动的场景，极大地减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
在一种实现方式中，所述镜头承载装置的外表面包括轴向面，所述周侧面连接于所述轴向面的周缘，所述轴向面垂直于所述安装通孔的轴线；所述轴向面与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述缓冲部设于所述轴向面。将缓冲部设在轴向面，能够针对镜头承载装置在该光轴方向上移动的场景，极大地减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
在一种实现方式中，所述驱动装置能够驱动所述镜头承载装置在垂直于所述安装通孔的轴线的平面内移动。安装通孔的轴线可与镜头的光轴平行，因此该驱动装置能够驱动镜头承载装置在该周向平面内移动，实现光学防抖。
在一种实现方式中，所述驱动装置包括弹片、供电部和形状记忆合金线；所述弹片位于所述镜头承载装置与所述供电部之间，所述弹片包括相连的本体部与弹性臂，所述本体部与所述镜头承载装置固定连接，所述弹性臂与所述供电部固定连接；所述供电部固定于所述收容腔内，所述供电部用于向所述形状记忆合金线供电；所述形状记忆合金线的一端固定于所述供电部，所述形状记忆合金线的另一端固定于所述本体部；所述形状记忆合金线能够在通电时发生形变，以驱动所述本体部及所述镜头承载装置移动。该驱动装置能够通过形状记忆合金线的特性驱动镜头承载装置在该周向平面内移动，实现光学防抖。该弹片的弹性臂能提供弹性力，该弹性力能使镜头承载装置能稳定移动，并在断电时将镜头承载装置拉回到设定位置。在使用该驱动装置的摄像头马达中设置缓冲部，能够极大减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
在一种实现方式中，所述镜头承载装置包括设于内部的永磁体；所述驱动装置包括供电部和线圈(可称为防抖线圈)；所述线圈与所述供电部均与所述镜头承载装置相间隔，所述线圈与所述供电部均固定在所述收容腔内，所述线圈与所述供电部固定连接；所述线圈能够在通电时对所述永磁体施加驱动力，以驱动所述镜头承载装置移动。该驱动装置的线圈能与镜头承载装置中的永磁体产生相互作用，以驱动镜头承载装置在该周向平面内移动，实现光学防抖。在使用该驱动装置的摄像头马达中设置缓冲部，能够极大减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
在一种实现方式中，所述驱动装置包括弹性柱，所述弹性柱的一端固定于所述供电部，所述弹性柱的另一端固定于所述镜头承载装置；所述弹性柱能够在所述镜头承载装置移动时，受所述镜头承载装置的拉动而弹性弯曲。通过弹性柱，镜头承载装置可悬挂于供电部。弹性柱还可以起导电作用，以将供电部与镜头承载装置中的对焦线圈电连接。在镜头承载装置移动时，弹性柱会在镜头承载装置的拉动下弯曲。在防抖线圈与永磁体，以及弹性柱的共同作用下，镜头承载装置能够平稳地移动至需要的位置。当断电时，弹性柱能恢复形变，将镜头承载装置拉回到设定位置。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种摄像头马达，该摄像头马达用于驱动镜头。该摄像头马达包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置、缓冲部和驱动装置；所述马达外壳具有收容腔；所述镜头承载装置收容在所述收容腔内，并与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述镜头承载装置用于固定所述镜头，以使所述镜头与所述镜头承载装置相对静止；所述缓冲部设于所述镜头承载装置的外表面；所述驱动装置用于驱动所述镜头承载装置沿所述镜头的光轴方向移动，以及在垂直于所述光轴方向的平面内移动。
本申请中，镜头承载装置自身不驱动镜头做对焦移动，镜头承载装置仅用于固持镜头，镜头承载装置与镜头之间无相对运动。驱动装置能够驱动镜头承载装置沿该光轴方向移动以实现对焦。驱动装置还能够驱动镜头承载装置在该周向平面内移动以实现光学防抖。驱动装置也可以驱动镜头承载装置相对该周向平面倾斜以实现光学防抖。该镜头承载装置的任意外表面均可以设缓冲部，该缓冲部可由能缓冲吸振的材料制造。当该镜头承载装置撞向该收容腔的内壁时，该缓冲部能减少镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力，从而对镜头承载装置及镜头进行防护。
在一种实现方式中，所述缓冲部包括第一缓冲部，所述第一缓冲部能够跟随所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动，并与所述收容腔的内壁接触或分离。当镜头承载装置撞向收容腔的内壁时，第一缓冲部与收容腔的内壁接触；当镜头承载装置反向运动时，第一缓冲部与收容腔的内壁分离。第一缓冲部可由单一材料制成或由若干材料的混合材料制成。第一缓冲部能够缓冲冲击，减小镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力，从而对镜头承载装置及镜头进行防护，又能对镜头承载装置进行限位。
在一种实现方式中，所述缓冲部包括第二缓冲部，所述第二缓冲部连接于所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述收容腔的内壁之间，所述第二缓冲部能够在所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动时产生形变。第二缓冲部始终连接镜头承载装置的外表面与收容腔的内壁。第二缓冲部可由具有缓冲性能、阻尼性能，可弹性形变的材料制成。由于具有阻尼性能，第二缓冲部能够抑制镜头承载装置的振动，从而减小或消除摄像头马达的异响。并且，第二缓冲部质地柔软，在镜头承载装置运动时可以变形，不会阻碍镜头承载装置的运动。第二缓冲部也能起到吸收冲击，降低冲击应力的作用。
在一种实现方式中，所述驱动装置包括固定架和若干对形状记忆合金线；所述固定架固定于所述收容腔内，所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述固定架具有间隔，所述若干对形状记忆合金线间隔分布在所述镜头承载装置的外围，每对形状记忆合金线中的两根形状记忆合金线相交叉，每根形状记忆合金线均连接在所述镜头承载装置与所述固定架之间，以将所述镜头承载装置悬挂于所述固定架；所述若干对形状记忆合金线能够在通电时发生形变，以共同驱动所述镜头承载装置移动。该驱动装置能够通过形状记忆合金线的特性驱动镜头承载装置运动以实现对焦和光学防抖。在使用该驱动装置的摄像头马达中设置缓冲部，能够极大减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
在一种实现方式中，所述镜头承载装置包括载体与第一配合部；所述载体用于固定所述镜头；所述第一配合部固设于所述载体的外表面；所述缓冲部设于所述载体的外表面和/或所述第一配合部的外表面；所述固定架包括基体和第二配合部；所述基体与所载体间隔设置；所述第二配合部固设于所述基体的周缘，所述第二配合部与所述第一配合部配合且间隔设置；每根形状记忆合金线均连接在所述第一配合部与所述第二配合部之间。在镜头承载装置与驱动装置此种配合结构中设置缓冲部，能够极大减缓镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种摄像头模组，包括镜头和该摄像头马达，所述镜头安装于 所述镜头承载装置。由于设置该缓冲部能减少镜头承载装置及镜头的冲击应力，降低镜头承载装置及镜头受损的风险，从而能保证成像质量。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，包括壳体和该摄像头模组，所述摄像头模组安装于所述壳体内。该电子设备的摄像头模组可靠性高，成像质量好。
附图说明
图1是实施例一的电子设备的正视结构示意图；
图2是图1中的电子设备的A-A剖视结构示意图；
图3是图2中的电子设备的摄像头模组的组装结构示意图；
图4是图3中的摄像头模组的分解结构示意图；
图5是图4中的摄像头模组的摄像头马达的分解结构示意图；
图6是图5中的摄像头马达的镜头承载装置的组装结构示意图；
图7是表示图5中的摄像头马达与镜头的组装关系的简化剖视结构示意图；
图8是图5中的摄像头马达的驱动装置的分解结构示意图；
图9是图8中的驱动装置的第二弹片的立体结构示意图；
图10是实施例二中的摄像头马达的分解结构示意图；
图11是图10中的摄像头马达的镜头承载装置与驱动装置的立体结构示意图；
图12是实施例二中的摄像头马达沿图11中的B-B剖面剖开后的简化结构示意图；
图13是实施例三中的摄像头马达的分解结构示意图；
图14是图13中的摄像头马达除去马达外壳后的分解结构示意图；
图15是实施例三中的摄像头马达沿图13中的C-C剖面剖开后的简化结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请以下实施例提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括但不限于手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、电子阅读器、可穿戴设备等。以下将以电子设备是手机为例进行描述。
如图1和图2所示，电子设备10可以包括壳体11、屏幕12、摄像头镜片13、摄像头模组14。
壳体11可以包括主体部112和围设在主体部112的周缘的边框部111，主体部112与边框部111围成内腔11a，内腔11a具有开口。主体部112可开设摄像头孔，摄像头镜片13安装在该摄像头孔内。
屏幕12安装在该内腔11a内，并从该内腔11a的开口露出。屏幕12可以包括相互层叠的盖板和显示面板。盖板用于对显示面板进行防护。显示面板可内置触控单元，显示面板兼有显示和触控功能。或者，触控单元可集成于盖板，即盖板为触控盖板，显示面板不具有触控功能。或者屏幕12不含盖板，屏幕12即显示面板。显示面板从开口露出的表面可设置防护层，以实现显示面板的自防护。本实施例中，屏幕12可以是平板状。在其他实施例中，屏幕12也可以是曲面屏，例如屏幕12可以包括平整部及连接在平整部的相对两侧的曲面部。
摄像头模组14收容在该内腔11a内并与该摄像头孔对应，摄像头模组14可接收透过摄像头镜片13射入的外界光线，实现图像信息采集。本实施例中，摄像头模组14的采光面(光线从采光面进入摄像头模组14)背向屏幕12的显示面(显示画面的表面)，即摄像头模组14可以是后置摄像头模组14。摄像头模组14可以有若干个，例如一至四个。在其他实施例中，摄像头模组14的采光面与屏幕12的显示面朝向相同，即摄像头模组14可以是前置摄像头模 组14。该前置摄像头模组14可以是屏下摄像头模组14或屏内摄像头模组14。对于前置摄像头模组14，可取消摄像头镜片13。
如图3和图4所示，实施例一中，摄像头模组14可以包括镜头15、摄像头马达16、镜座19、滤光片18和电路板组件17。
如图4所示，镜头15安装在摄像头马达16上。镜头15具有光轴15a，光轴15a的方向可称为光轴方向。镜头15可在摄像头马达16的驱动下，沿光轴方向移动实现对焦。镜头15也可以在周向平面(垂直于该光轴15a的平面)内移动实现光学防抖。实施例一对镜头15的具体结构及类型不做限定，例如可以是大光圈镜头。
如图4所示，镜座19用于承载摄像头马达16。镜座19可局部镂空形成安装槽，滤光片18置于该安装槽内，外界光线可穿过镜头15到达滤光片18。滤光片18的材料不限，例如可以是蓝玻璃。实施例一对镜座19及滤光片18的具体结构不做限定。
如图4所示，电路板组件17与摄像头马达16分别位于镜座19的相对两侧。电路板组件17可以包括相连的硬质电路板及柔性电路板。硬质电路板上可布置图像传感器，透过滤光片18的光线将被图像传感器采集。柔性电路板远离硬质电路板的一端可布置连接器，摄像头模组14通过该连接器连接至电子设备10的主板。上述电路板组件17的结构描述仅仅是一种示例，实际上可以根据产品需要设计电路板组件17的具体结构。
如图5所示，摄像头马达16可以包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置21和驱动装置22。
马达外壳可以包括第一封盖201、侧框202和第二封盖203。第一封盖201与第二封盖203均可呈平整片状，第一封盖201与第二封盖203可以平行或近似平行。第一封盖201上可开设第一通孔h1，第二封盖203上可开设第二通孔h2，第一通孔h1与第二通孔h2可以对准。第一通孔h1的轴线与第二通孔h2的轴线均可以与镜头15的光轴方向平行或近似平行。侧框202连接第一封盖201与第二封盖203，并围设在第一封盖201的周缘与第二封盖203的周缘。结合图5和图7(图7仅为简化示意图)所示，第一封盖201、侧框202和第二封盖203可围成收容腔20a，收容腔20a用于收容镜头承载装置21、镜头15和驱动装置22。镜头承载装置21、驱动装置22及第二封盖203依次层叠。第二封盖203与镜座19连接，以使整个摄像头马达16承载于镜座19。
实施例一中，第一封盖201与侧框202可连为一体，第二封盖203可为单独的部件。此种设计使得马达外壳具有较高结构强度，也便于组装驱动装置22、镜头承载装置21和镜头15。在其他实施例中，马达外壳可以具有其他合适的结构，只要能收容镜头承载装置21、镜头15、驱动装置22即可。
结合图5-图7所示，镜头承载装置21可活动地收容在该收容腔20a内。镜头承载装置21例如可以为音圈马达(Voice Coil Motor，简称VCM)。
如图6和图7所示，镜头承载装置21可以包括载体外壳23。载体外壳23的外表面可以包括第一轴向面231、第二轴向面233和周侧面232。第一轴向面231与第二轴向面233均与该光轴方向垂直或近似垂直，第一轴向面231靠近第一封盖201，第二轴向面233远离第一封盖201。周侧面232连接第一轴向面231与第二轴向面233，并围设在第一轴向面231的周缘与第二轴向面233的周缘。如图7所示，第一轴向面231与周侧面232均可与收容腔20a的内壁具有间隔，该间隔可作为镜头承载装置21的活动空间。第二轴向面233可固定至驱动装置22。
如图6所示，载体外壳23内安装有对焦装置(被遮挡未显示)和镜筒26。对焦装置可以包括永磁体和对焦线圈，对焦线圈处于永磁体的磁场中，对焦线圈通电时将受到沿光轴方 向的安培力。对焦线圈缠绕在镜筒26的外周。镜筒26具有安装通孔h3，该安装通孔h3与第一通孔h1及第二通孔h2均对准。该安装通孔h3的轴线可以与镜头15的光轴方向平行或近似平行。镜头15固定于该安装通孔h3中。在该安培力的作用下，对焦线圈将带动镜筒26和镜头15沿光轴方向相对载体外壳23移动(例如在图6视角中沿上下方向相对载体外壳23移动)，以实现对焦。
镜头承载装置21还可以包括设于载体外壳23内的第一弹片(被遮挡未显示)，该第一弹片连接载体外壳23与镜筒26。在镜筒26移动时该第一弹片能够发生弹性形变，该第一弹片可以提供与该安培力反向的弹性力。在该弹性力与该安培力的共同作用下，镜筒26和镜头15能稳定移动至需要的位置。另外，当断电时该第一弹片能恢复形变，将镜筒26和镜头15拉回到设定位置。该第一弹片能在该光轴方向，以及平行于周向平面的方向上产生弹性形变。其中，该第一弹片在该光轴方向上的弹性系数可以较小，即第一弹片在该光轴方向上较“软”，容易变形，所能提供的弹性力有限。
在其他实施例中，镜头承载装置21不限于上文所述的音圈马达，只要能驱动镜头15相对镜头承载装置21沿光轴15a移动，实现对焦即可。例如，镜头承载装置21可以是微机电系统(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System，简称MEMS)模块。
如图5和图7所示，驱动装置22安装在该收容腔20a内，驱动装置22位于镜头承载装置21与第二封盖203之间。驱动装置22可固定在第二封盖203的表面。驱动装置22用于在第二轴向面233处对镜头承载装置21施加驱动力，驱使镜头承载装置21在该周向平面内移动。下文将具体说明。
如图8所示，驱动装置22可以包括第二弹片27、供电部29和四根形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloys,简称SMA)线28。第二弹片27与供电部29相层叠，第二弹片27邻近镜头承载装置21。
如图9所示，第二弹片27可包括本体部271与两条弹性臂272。本体部271可呈环形片状。结合图9与图8所示，本体部271朝向供电部29的表面与供电部29保持间隔。结合图9与图7所示，本体部271朝向镜头承载装置21的表面与镜头承载装置21的第二轴向面233固定。每条弹性臂272的根部均与本体部271连接，每条弹性臂272的至少部分可固定至供电部29。每条弹性臂272均环绕在本体部271的外围。两条弹性臂272相间隔，一条弹性臂272的自由端靠近另一条弹性臂272的根部。
结合图8和图7所示，供电部29可以近似呈环状，其可以固定于第二封盖203。供电部29用于向四根形状记忆合金线供电。
如图8所示，四根形状记忆合金线28分别布置在供电部29与第二弹片27的四周，四根形状记忆合金线28相间隔。每条形状记忆合金线28的一端固定于供电部29，另一端固定于本体部271。形状记忆合金线28在通电时能发生形变，其与本体部271连接的一端能够向本体部271施加驱动力。通过四根形状记忆合金线28的共同驱动，本体部271及镜头承载装置21能够在该周向平面内移动，从而带动镜头15在该周向平面内移动。镜头15在该周向平面内的移动，能够对镜头15在平行于该周向平面的方向上的抖动进行位移补偿，实现光学防抖。
第二弹片27的弹性臂272能够提供弹性力，该弹性力与与形状记忆合金线28施加的驱动力方向相反。在弹性臂272与形状记忆合金线28的共同作用下，镜头承载装置21能稳定移动至需要的位置。另外，当断电时该弹性臂272的弹性力能将镜头承载装置21拉回到设定位置。与上述的第一弹片类似，该弹性臂272也能在该光轴方向上产生弹性形变，该弹性臂272在该光轴方向上的弹性系数较小，该弹性臂272在该光轴方向上较“软”，容易变形，所 能提供的弹性力有限。
在其他实施例中，驱动装置22不限于上述的结构及特性，只要能驱动镜头承载装置21在该周向平面内移动，或者驱动镜头承载装置21相对该周向平面倾斜，实现光学防抖即可。
结合图7所示，当镜头承载装置21在该周向平面内做防抖移动时，周侧面232会撞向该收容腔20a的内壁。当摄像头模组14受到冲击时，周侧面232与第一轴向面231也可能会撞向该收容腔20a的内壁。在镜头15为较重的大光圈镜头时，镜头承载装置21及镜头15受到的冲击应力会增大，极有可能导致镜头承载装置21及镜头15产生撞损和失效。例如镜头承载装置21内的永磁体可能撞击断裂，镜头15可能对焦失效导致成像异常。
为克服该缺陷，如图6和图7所示，第一轴向面231与周侧面232均可以固设第一缓冲部24(为清楚标识第一缓冲部24，示意性地将第一缓冲部24使用阴影表示)，第一缓冲部24能够跟随镜头承载装置21在该收容腔20a内运动。当镜头承载装置21撞向该收容腔20a的内壁时，第一缓冲部24可与收容腔20a的内壁接触。第一缓冲部24也能随镜头承载装置21的运动，与该收容腔20a的内壁分离。
第一缓冲部24可采用能吸收冲击能量的材料制成，如液态硅胶、橡胶、塑胶(如液晶高分子聚合物，简称LCP)、泡棉、迈拉(Mylar)、树脂等。第一缓冲部24可由单一材料或若干材料混合制成。例如，第一缓冲部24可由LCP和橡胶的混合材料制成，该混合材料兼具强度和韧性，使第一缓冲部24能够缓冲冲击，减小镜头承载装置21及镜头15的冲击应力，从而对镜头承载装置21及镜头15进行防护，又能对镜头承载装置21进行限位。
第一缓冲部24可以设在冲击应力较大的区域，以实现最大程度的缓冲。例如如图6所示，第一缓冲部24可以分布在第一轴向面231的部分区域，第一轴向面231上的第一缓冲部24可以连为一体。周侧面232的部分区域可以间隔分布有多个第一缓冲部24，多个第一缓冲部24例如可以位于周侧面232的四角区域。当然，第一缓冲部24也可以分布在第一轴向面231的全部区域以及周侧面232的全部区域；或者，第一缓冲部24可以仅分布在周侧面232或第一轴向面231上。
第一缓冲部24可以与镜头承载装置21的载体外壳23一体成型。例如可以将硅胶、橡胶等易于注塑成型的材料，与载体外壳23的材料一起进行双色注塑。或者，第一缓冲部24可以组装至载体外壳23。例如，可使用泡棉、Mylar等易于粘接的材料制造第一缓冲部24，将第一缓冲部24粘接到载体外壳23上。又例如，可采用合适的材料制造第一缓冲部24，并在载体外壳23上设置连接结构，第一缓冲部24通过该连接结构与载体外壳23固定。该连接结构不限于卡槽、安装孔等。第一缓冲部24的形状可以根据需要进行设计，不限于呈凸点状、条状、块状等。
实施例一中，由于是在镜头承载装置21的外表面设置第一缓冲部24，不论镜头承载装置21运动到任何位置，镜头承载装置21都能得到较好的缓冲防护。此种设计能以较少的缓冲材料用量、较为简单的结构，以及较高的产品良率实现镜头承载装置21的缓冲防护。
相反，若是在马达外壳的内表面设置第一缓冲部24，由于难以精确获知该内表面的哪些区域是与镜头承载装置21相碰撞的区域，出于对镜头承载装置21进行全面防护的目的，就需要在整个该内表面布设缓冲材料，这会增大缓冲材料的消耗。或者，若是在镜头承载装置21的内部(例如镜筒26的外壁)设置第一缓冲部24，由于镜头承载装置21的内部构造已经十分复杂，再在内部增设第一缓冲部24会极大增加结构设计、生产及组装难度；而且镜头承载装置21在运动或受到冲击时可能挤压、摩擦第一缓冲部24，第一缓冲部24产生的碎屑容易落到镜头15、滤光片18或图像传感器上，影响成像。
实施例一中，当镜头15为较重的大光圈镜头时，镜头承载装置21的载重增加，而镜头承载装置21中的第一弹片与驱动装置22中的第二弹片27在该光轴方向上均较“软”，所能提供的弹性力有限，不能很好地稳定镜头承载装置21。因此，镜头承载装置21容易产生自身振动或受迫振动，使摄像头马达16出现异响。
为抑制摄像头马达16的振动，结合图6与图7所示，第一轴向面231与第一封盖201之间还可以设置第二缓冲部25(为清楚标识第二缓冲部25，示意性地将第二缓冲部25使用阴影表示)，第二缓冲部25连接第一轴向面231与第一封盖201。第二缓冲部25可由具有缓冲性能、阻尼性能，可弹性形变的材料制成，例如阻尼胶。由于具有阻尼性能，第二缓冲部25能够抑制镜头承载装置21的振动，从而减小或消除摄像头马达16的异响。并且，由于第二缓冲部25质地柔软，在镜头承载装置21运动时可以变形，因此不会阻碍镜头承载装置21的运动。当然，第二缓冲部25也能起到吸收冲击，降低冲击应力的作用。可以理解的是，针对任意类型的镜头15，都可以设置第二缓冲部25进行吸振和缓冲，不限于大光圈镜头。
第二缓冲部25可以分布在振动强度较大的区域，以最大程度地抑制振动。例如如图6所示，第一轴向面231的四角位置可以各分布一个第二缓冲部25。当然，第二缓冲部25也可以分布在第一轴向面231上的其他区域。为了进一步抑制振动，第二缓冲部25还可以连接在周侧面232与侧框202之间。或者，第二缓冲部25可以仅设在周侧面232与侧框202之间。第二缓冲部25的形状可以根据需要进行设计，不限于呈凸点状、条状、块状等。
实施例一中，第二缓冲部25与第一缓冲部24可统称缓冲部。在其他实施例中，第二缓冲部25与第一缓冲部24无需同时存在。例如可以根据产品需要仅设置第一缓冲部24，或者仅设置第二缓冲部25。
在实施例二中，与上述实施例一不同的是，驱动装置并非通过形状记忆合金线驱动镜头承载装置21，而是依靠防抖线圈与磁场的相互作用驱动镜头承载装置21。并且，镜头承载装置21相对驱动装置悬空。
实施例二中，如图10和图11所示，摄像头马达30的驱动装置32包括供电部323、防抖线圈322和四个弹性柱321。
供电部323与防抖线圈322均可固定于第二封盖203，供电部323与防抖线圈322均可与镜头承载装置21的第二轴向面233相间隔。供电部323与防抖线圈322固定相连，供电部323用于向防抖线圈322供电。防抖线圈322处于镜头承载装置21的永磁体的磁场中，防抖线圈322通电时将受到安培力，该安培力沿平行于该周向平面的方向。由于防抖线圈322固定而镜头承载装置21可活动，因此防抖线圈322可反向驱动该永磁体，使该镜头承载装置21在该周向平面内移动，从而实现光学防抖。
如图11所示，四个弹性柱321可以分别设在供电部323的四角。每个弹性柱321可由弯曲性能良好的导体材料制成，例如铜。每个弹性柱321的一端固定于供电部323，另一端固定在镜头承载装置21上。通过四个弹性柱321，镜头承载装置21可悬挂在供电部323上方。弹性柱321还可以起导电作用，以将供电部323与镜头承载装置21中的对焦线圈电连接。
在镜头承载装置21移动时，弹性柱321会在镜头承载装置21的拉动下弯曲。在防抖线圈322与永磁体，以及弹性柱321的共同作用下，镜头承载装置21能够平稳地移动至需要的位置。当断电时，弹性柱321能恢复形变，将镜头承载装置21拉回到设定位置。
在其他实施例中，弹性柱321的数量/或位置不限于上文所述，只要能支撑和稳定镜头承载装置21即可。弹性柱321也可以由非导体制造，可通过其他方式对镜头承载装置21供电。或者，可以采用其他能提供弹性力的结构替代弹性柱321。
结合图11与图12所示,相较于实施例一，实施例二中镜头承载装置21的第二轴向面233也与驱动装置32相间隔。当摄像头模组14受到冲击时，第二轴向面233可能会撞向驱动装置32，导致镜头承载装置21及镜头15受到的冲击应力进一步增大。因此，除镜头承载装置21的第一轴向面231与周侧面232设第一缓冲部24外,第二轴向面233也可以设第一缓冲部24，以最大程度地吸收冲击能量，减小镜头承载装置21的冲击应力。在其他实施例中，第一缓冲部24也可以仅设于第一轴向面231、周侧面232及第二轴向面233中的任意一个表面或任意两个表面。
结合图11与图12所示,实施例二中，为了抑制镜头承载装置21的振动，可以在第一轴向面231与第一封盖201之间设置第二缓冲部25，将第一轴向面231与第一封盖201连接；在第二轴向面233与供电部323之间设置第二缓冲部25，将第二轴向面233与供电部323连接。
在其他实施例中，第二缓冲部25可以仅连接在第一轴向面231与第一封盖201之间，或者仅连接在第二轴向面233与第二封盖203之间。或者，第二缓冲部25可以同时连接在周侧面232与侧框202之间、第一轴向面231与第一封盖201之间、第二轴向面233与第二封盖203之间。或者，第二缓冲部25可以仅连接在周侧面232与侧框202之间，以及第一轴向面231与与第一封盖201之间。或者，第二缓冲部25可以仅连接在周侧面232与侧框202之间，以及第二轴向面233与第二封盖203之间。或者，第二缓冲部25可以仅连接在周侧面232与侧框202之间。又或者，第二缓冲部25与第一缓冲部24无需同时存在。例如可以根据产品需要仅设置第一缓冲部24，或者仅设置第二缓冲部25。
如图13与图14所示,在实施例三中,与上述实施例一不同的是,摄像头马达40的马达外壳可以包括第一封盖201与侧框202,不含第二封盖203。镜头承载装置41自身不驱动镜头15做对焦移动，镜头承载装置41仅用于固持镜头15，镜头承载装置41与镜头15之间无相对运动。驱动装置42可通过形状记忆合金的变形，驱动镜头承载装置41移动，实现镜头15的对焦和光学防抖。以下将具体说明。
如图13与图14所示,镜头承载装置41可以包括载体43和第一配合部44。载体43靠近第一封盖201。载体43可以近似呈环状，载体43围成的环状空间为该安装通孔h3。载体43可以套设在镜头15的外周，以固持镜头15。载体43可以具有第一轴向面431、周侧面432及第二轴向面433。第一轴向面431、周侧面432及第二轴向面433均可以与马达外壳的收容腔相间隔。第一配合部44凸设于周侧面432。第一配合部44可以有两个，两个第一配合部44分别位于周侧面432的相对两侧，两个第一配合部44可以关于该安装通孔h3的轴线对称。第一配合部44可以近似呈柱状。
如图13与图14所示,驱动装置42可以包括固定架和四对形状记忆合金线45。
固定架固定不动。固定架可以包括基体46与第二配合部47。基体46位于载体43远离第一封盖201的一侧。基体46可近似呈板状，基体46可开设第三通孔h4，该第三通孔h4可与该安装通孔h3对准。基体46可类似上述的第二封盖203，马达外壳的侧框202可与基体46连接，基体46可与镜座19连接。第二配合部47固设于基体46的周缘，第二配合部47可近似呈柱状，第二配合部47的延伸方向可基本与第三通孔h4的轴线平行。第二配合部47可形成配合槽47a，配合槽47a与第一配合部44配合。第二配合部47可以有两个，两个第二配合部47分别位于基体46的相对两侧，二者可以关于第三通孔h4的轴线对称。
四对形状记忆合金线45可分别布置于固定架的四周，四对形状记忆合金线45相间隔。每对形状记忆合金线45中的两根形状记忆合金线45相互交叉。每根记忆合金线的一端固定 在固定架的第二配合部47上，另一端固定在镜头承载装置41的第一配合部44上。
由此，结合图13-图15所示(图15是摄像头马达40沿图13中的C-C剖面剖开得到的剖视图。为突出重点结构，该剖视图做了简化处理)，镜头承载装置41可通过四对形状记忆合金线45悬挂于固定架，使得周侧面432与第二配合部47的表面相间隔，第二轴向面433与基体46的表面相间隔，第一配合部44与配合槽47a的槽壁相间隔。
每根形状记忆合金线45在通电时可发生形变，对镜头承载装置41施加驱动力。通过四对形状记忆合金线45的共同驱动，镜头承载装置41及镜头15能够在该光轴方向，以及平行于该周向平面的方向上移动，实现对焦和光学防抖。
结合图13-图15所示,当镜头承载装置41做防抖移动与对焦移动，或者摄像头模组14受到冲击时，镜头承载装置41容易撞向马达外壳、固定架的基体46或固定架的第二配合部47，导致镜头承载装置41及镜头15的冲击应力剧增。因此，镜头承载装置41的第一轴向面431、周侧面432、第二轴向面433，以及镜头承载装置41与配合槽47a配合的表面均可设第一缓冲部24，以最大程度地吸收冲击能量，减小镜头承载装置41的冲击应力。在其他实施例中，第一缓冲部24也可以仅设于第一轴向面431、周侧面432、第二轴向面433，以及镜头承载装置41与配合槽47a配合的表面中的任意一个、任意两个或者任意三个表面。
结合图13-图15所示,为抑制镜头承载装置41的振动，可以在第一轴向面431与第一封盖201之间设置第二缓冲部25，将第一轴向面431与第一封盖201连接；在第二轴向面433与基体46之间设置第二缓冲部25，将第二轴向面433与基体46连接；在周侧面432与第二配合部47之间设置第二缓冲部25，将周侧面432与第二配合部47连接；在第一配合部44与第二配合部47之间设置第二缓冲部25，将第一配合部44与第二配合部47连接。
在其他实施例中，第二缓冲部25可连接镜头承载装置41的任意外表面与马达外壳，或者第二缓冲部25可连接镜头承载装置41的任意外表面与固定架。或者，第二缓冲部25与第一缓冲部24无需同时存在。例如可以根据产品需要仅设置第一缓冲部24，或者仅设置第二缓冲部25。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种摄像头马达，用于驱动镜头，其特征在于，
    所述摄像头马达包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置、缓冲部和驱动装置；所述马达外壳具有收容腔；所述镜头承载装置收容在所述收容腔内，并与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔；所述缓冲部设于所述镜头承载装置的外表面；所述镜头承载装置用于承载所述镜头，并能够驱动所述镜头沿所述镜头的光轴方向相对所述镜头承载装置的外表面移动；所述驱动装置收容在所述收容腔内，所述驱动装置能够驱动所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述缓冲部包括第一缓冲部，所述第一缓冲部能够跟随所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动，并与所述收容腔的内壁接触或分离。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，所述缓冲部包括第二缓冲部，所述第二缓冲部连接所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述收容腔的内壁，所述第二缓冲部能够在所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动时产生形变。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述镜头承载装置具有安装通孔，所述安装通孔用于安装所述镜头；所述镜头承载装置的外表面包括周侧面，所述周侧面环绕所述安装通孔的轴线；所述周侧面与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述缓冲部设于所述周侧面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述镜头承载装置的外表面包括轴向面，所述周侧面连接于所述轴向面的周缘，所述轴向面垂直于所述安装通孔的轴线；所述轴向面与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述缓冲部设于所述轴向面。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置能够驱动所述镜头承载装置在垂直于所述安装通孔的轴线的平面内移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置包括弹片、供电部和形状记忆合金线；所述弹片位于所述镜头承载装置与所述供电部之间，所述弹片包括相连的本体部与弹性臂，所述本体部与所述镜头承载装置固定连接，所述弹性臂与所述供电部固定连接；所述供电部固定于所述收容腔内，所述供电部用于向所述形状记忆合金线供电；所述形状记忆合金线的一端固定于所述供电部，所述形状记忆合金线的另一端固定于所述本体部；所述形状记忆合金线能够在通电时发生形变，以驱动所述本体部及所述镜头承载装置移动。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述镜头承载装置包括设于内部的永磁体；所述驱动装置包括供电部和线圈；所述线圈与所述供电部均与所述镜头承载装置相间隔，所述线圈与所述供电部均固定在所述收容腔内，所述线圈与所述供电部固定连接；所述线圈能够在通电时对所述永磁体施加驱动力，以驱动所述镜头承载装置移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置包括弹性柱，所述弹性柱的一端固定于所述供电部，所述弹性柱的另一端固定于所述镜头承载装置；所述弹性柱能够在所述镜头承载装置移动时，受所述镜头承载装置的拉动而弹性弯曲。
  10. 一种摄像头马达，用于驱动镜头，其特征在于，
    所述摄像头马达包括马达外壳、镜头承载装置、缓冲部和驱动装置；所述马达外壳具有收容腔；所述镜头承载装置收容在所述收容腔内，并与所述收容腔的内壁具有间隔，所述镜头承载装置用于固定所述镜头，以使所述镜头与所述镜头承载装置相对静止；所述缓冲部设于所述镜头承载装置的外表面；所述驱动装置用于驱动所述镜头承载装置沿所述镜头的光轴方向移动，以及在垂直于所述光轴方向的平面内移动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述缓冲部包括第一缓冲部，所述第一缓冲部能够跟随所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动，并与所述收容腔的内壁接触或分离。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述缓冲部包括第二缓冲部，所述第二缓冲部连接于所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述收容腔的内壁之间，所述第二缓冲部能够在所述镜头承载装置在所述收容腔内运动时产生形变。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置包括固定架和若干对形状记忆合金线；所述固定架固定于所述收容腔内，所述镜头承载装置的外表面与所述固定架具有间隔，所述若干对形状记忆合金线间隔分布在所述镜头承载装置的外围，每对形状记忆合金线中的两根形状记忆合金线相交叉，每根形状记忆合金线均连接在所述镜头承载装置与所述固定架之间，以将所述镜头承载装置悬挂于所述固定架；所述若干对形状记忆合金线能够在通电时发生形变，以共同驱动所述镜头承载装置移动。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的摄像头马达，其特征在于，
    所述镜头承载装置包括载体与第一配合部；所述载体用于固定所述镜头；所述第一配合部固设于所述载体的外表面；所述缓冲部设于所述载体的外表面和/或所述第一配合部的外表面；所述固定架包括基体和第二配合部；所述基体与所载体间隔设置；所述第二配合部固设于所述基体的周缘，所述第二配合部与所述第一配合部配合且间隔设置；每根形状记忆合金线均连接在所述第一配合部与所述第二配合部之间。
  15. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，
    包括镜头和权利要求1-14任一项所述的摄像头马达，所述镜头安装于所述镜头承载装置。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，
    包括壳体和权利要求15所述的摄像头模组，所述摄像头模组安装于所述壳体内。
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