WO2021088398A1 - 辐射制冷面料、制品 - Google Patents

辐射制冷面料、制品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021088398A1
WO2021088398A1 PCT/CN2020/101230 CN2020101230W WO2021088398A1 WO 2021088398 A1 WO2021088398 A1 WO 2021088398A1 CN 2020101230 W CN2020101230 W CN 2020101230W WO 2021088398 A1 WO2021088398 A1 WO 2021088398A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
functional
resin
functional layer
filler
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/101230
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨荣贵
杨剑
王明辉
徐静涛
张园园
Original Assignee
宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司
宁波瑞凌新能源材料研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=75849736&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2021088398(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from CN201911075603.7A external-priority patent/CN110777543B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911086548.1A external-priority patent/CN110815985A/zh
Priority to AU2020217350A priority Critical patent/AU2020217350B2/en
Priority to MX2020009186A priority patent/MX2020009186A/es
Priority to SG11202007745WA priority patent/SG11202007745WA/en
Priority to US16/968,600 priority patent/US20230158786A1/en
Application filed by 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司, 宁波瑞凌新能源材料研究院有限公司 filed Critical 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司
Priority to TW109126376A priority patent/TWI730863B/zh
Priority to EP20020365.1A priority patent/EP3819425A1/en
Priority to PH12020551236A priority patent/PH12020551236A1/en
Priority to BR102020017718-4A priority patent/BR102020017718A2/pt
Publication of WO2021088398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021088398A1/zh

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    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/54—Covers of tents or canopies

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of radiant refrigeration technology, in particular to radiant refrigeration fabrics and products.
  • sunshade products including sun visors, outdoor blinds, outdoor hard roller blinds, outdoor soft roller blinds, canopy curtains, canopy curtains, awnings, car covers, umbrellas, etc.
  • sun visors outdoor blinds
  • outdoor hard roller blinds outdoor soft roller blinds
  • canopy curtains canopy curtains
  • awnings car covers
  • umbrellas etc.
  • the existing sun-shading products usually only have a light-shielding function and have no obvious cooling effect.
  • radiant refrigeration technology researchers began to study the application of radiant refrigeration technology in sunshade products to give the sunshade products an automatic cooling function, but the combination of fabric and functional layer has many practical application problems that need to be solved.
  • a radiant refrigeration fabric includes a flexible substrate layer and a functional layer that are laminated and arranged.
  • the functional layer includes a first functional layer.
  • the first functional layer has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes a first functional layer.
  • the emissivity of the radiant cooling fabric is not less than 80% in the ⁇ 14 ⁇ m band, the reflectivity of the radiant cooling fabric is not less than 80% in the 300nm ⁇ 2500nm band, the average value of the radial recovery angle of the radiant cooling fabric is ⁇ 95°, and the latitude The average recovery angle is ⁇ 91°.
  • the first functional filler includes a first filler and a second filler
  • the particle diameter of the first filler is greater than or equal to 0.01 ⁇ m and less than 5 ⁇ m
  • the particle diameter of the second filler is greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 15 ⁇ m
  • the mass ratio of the first filler and the second filler is 1:4 ⁇ 4:1
  • the first filler and the second filler are each independently selected from cesium tungsten bronze, tin oxide One or more of antimony, indium tin oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and silicon nitride.
  • the functional layer further includes a second functional layer, the first functional layer is disposed on the flexible substrate layer, and the second functional layer is disposed on the first functional layer away from the first functional layer.
  • the second functional layer is formed by fixedly laying a second functional filler on the surface of the first functional layer, and the thickness of the first functional layer is 10 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the filler is 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the second functional filler is 0.5 to 1.5 times the thickness of the first functional layer, or the amount of the second functional filler is 10 g/m 2 to 200 g/m 2.
  • the second functional filler is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silicon dioxide, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc, zinc sulfate, aluminum silicate, heavy calcium powder, pearl powder
  • the second functional filler is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silicon dioxide, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc, zinc sulfate, aluminum silicate, heavy calcium powder, pearl powder
  • the second functional filler is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silicon dioxide, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc, zinc sulfate, aluminum silicate, heavy calcium powder, pearl powder
  • aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, rhodium oxide, and magnesium oxide One or more of, aluminum oxide, zinc
  • the functional layer further includes a third functional layer, the third functional layer is provided on the surface of the second functional layer away from the first functional layer, and the third functional layer includes a first functional layer.
  • a bifunctional resin, the thickness of the third functional layer is 10 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m.
  • the third functional layer further includes a third functional filler
  • the third functional filler is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silica, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate
  • the third The particle size of the functional filler is 4 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional resin and the second functional resin are each independently selected from polyimides, cycloolefin polymers, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, and organic resins.
  • One or more of silicone resin and fluorine-containing resin are selected from polyimides, cycloolefin polymers, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, and organic resins.
  • silicone resin and fluorine-containing resin are examples of silicone resin and fluorine-containing resin.
  • the flexible substrate layer has a thickness of 300 ⁇ m to 2 mm, and the flexible substrate layer includes a cloth layer and a resin coating layer coated on one or both sides of the cloth layer.
  • the thickness of the coating layer is 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m
  • the material of the cloth layer is selected from one or more blends of polyester, nylon, acrylic, silk, cotton, and hemp
  • the material of the resin coating layer is selected from poly One or more of vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, and polyurethane resin.
  • an interface agent layer is further provided between the flexible substrate layer and the functional layer, the interface agent layer has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the material of the interface agent layer is selected from acrylic resins. , One or more of polyurethane and epoxy resin.
  • the flexible substrate layer is further provided with a waterproof layer on the side away from the functional layer, the thickness of the waterproof layer is 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the material of the waterproof layer is selected from acrylic resin, One or more of polyurethane resin and epoxy resin, and the transmittance of the waterproof layer in the visible light range of 400nm-700nm is ⁇ 80%.
  • the radiant cooling fabric further includes a hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer is disposed on the side of the functional layer away from the flexible substrate layer, and the thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the hydrophobic layer is selected from one or more of fluorine-containing resin and silicone resin, nano-scale silica particles are dispersed in the hydrophobic layer, and the silica particles are dispersed in the hydrophobic layer.
  • the mass fraction is 0.5% to 5%, and the transmittance of the hydrophobic layer to infrared rays in the 7 ⁇ m to 14 ⁇ m band is greater than or equal to 80%.
  • the radiant cooling fabric further includes a weather-resistant layer, the weather-resistant layer is disposed on the side of the functional layer away from the flexible substrate layer, and the material of the weather-resistant layer is selected from fluorine-containing resin, One or more of epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, and silicone resin, and the thickness of the weather resistant layer is 10 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m.
  • the product is an umbrella, including a vertical pole, an umbrella frame, and an umbrella surface made of the radiant cooling fabric, wherein the umbrella frame is provided on the vertical pole, and the umbrella surface is provided with ⁇ The umbrella frame.
  • the product is a car cover, including a fixing part and a car cover made of the radiant refrigeration fabric, wherein the fixing part is provided on the car cover, and the fixing part is used for To fix the car cover on the car body.
  • the product is a tent, including a tent frame and an outdoor tent made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the outdoor tent is covered outside the tent frame.
  • the article is a hat, including a cap body made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the cap body forms a cavity for the head to be placed.
  • the product is a curtain, including a curtain body made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the curtain body forms a part of the curtain.
  • the product is an awning, including an awning frame and a awning surface made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the awning face is covered outside the awning frame.
  • the article is clothing, including a face cloth made of the radiant cooling fabric.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the present application has good shading and radiant cooling functions.
  • the radiant cooling fabric has good anti-wrinkle performance, and the surface is not prone to wrinkles when it is repeatedly folded and used. Therefore, the radiant cooling fabric of the present application can be used to prepare products such as curtains, car covers, tents, awnings, umbrellas, clothing or hats, so that these products not only have a light-shielding function, but also have a good automatic cooling function.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a ninth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product according to the second embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of the structure of the product shown in Figure 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foreign account of the product according to the third embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tent frame of the product according to the third embodiment of the application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detachable part of the product according to the third embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detachable part of the product according to the third embodiment of the application installed on the outside account;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the detachable part of the product according to the third embodiment of the application is installed on the inner lining;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the power supply assembly of the product according to the third embodiment of the application installed on the detachable part;
  • 19 is a circuit diagram of the power supply component, sensor, controller, and alarm of the product of the third embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 21 is an exploded view of the structure of the product shown in Figure 20;
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the product of the fourth embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the product of the fourth embodiment of the application.
  • 24 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the product of the fourth embodiment of the application.
  • 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product of the fifth embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product according to the sixth embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product according to the seventh embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of temperature measurement points of the stainless steel display house of the building.
  • Fig. 29 is a comparison curve of indoor temperature when the building shown in Fig. 28 uses the curtain made of the radiant cooling fabric of the present application and the curtain made of the ordinary sun-shading fabric;
  • Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of temperature measurement points of a car
  • Fig. 31 is a comparison curve of the temperature inside the car shown in Fig. 30 when a car cover made of the radiant cooling fabric of the present application, a car cover made of a common fabric, and a car cover is not provided;
  • Figure 32 is a schematic diagram of the temperature measurement points of the tent
  • Fig. 33 is a comparison curve of the temperature inside the tent when the tent shown in Fig. 32 is prepared with the radiant cooling fabric of the present application and when the ordinary sun-shading fabric is used.
  • Cap body 511. Vent holes; 52. Sun shade; 521. Mounting plate; 5124. Installation hole; 522, curtain body; 53, storage bag; 54, cooling bag; 60, curtain; 70, awning; 71, awning frame; 72, awning surface; 80, clothing; 81, cloth surface.
  • the radiant cooling fabric provided in the present application includes a laminated flexible substrate layer 11 and a functional layer 12, and the functional layer 12 mainly functions to reflect sunlight and automatically cool down.
  • the functional layer 12 includes a first functional layer 121, and the first functional layer 121 includes a first functional resin and dispersed in the first functional resin.
  • the first functional filler 124 is shown in FIG. 1, in the radiant cooling fabric of the first embodiment provided for this application.
  • the reflective function and the automatic cooling function of the functional layer 12 are provided by the first functional resin of the first functional layer 121 and the first functional filler 124 together.
  • the first functional layer 121 is too thin or the first functional filler 124 is too small, the reflection and radiant cooling functions of the first functional layer 121 will deteriorate.
  • the inventor has conducted in-depth research and found that when the thickness of the first functional layer 121 is 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, the mass fraction of the first functional filler 124 in the first functional layer 121 is 1 % ⁇ 20%, it can ensure that the emissivity of the first functional layer 121 in the 7 ⁇ m-14 ⁇ m band is not less than 80%, and the reflectivity in the 300nm ⁇ 2500nm band is not less than 80%. At the same time, good wrinkle resistance can be obtained.
  • the radiant cooling fabric is
  • the wrinkle resistance of the radiant cooling fabric of the present application can be characterized by the wrinkle recovery angle, and the average value of the radial recovery angle is ⁇ 95°, and the average value of the zonal recovery angle is ⁇ 91°.
  • the radiant cooling fabric when the thickness of the flexible substrate layer 11 is 300 ⁇ m to 2 mm, and the mass fraction of the first functional filler 124 in the first functional layer 121 is 8% to 20%, the radiant cooling fabric can be The average value of the radial recovery angle is ⁇ 98°, and the average value of the zonal recovery angle is ⁇ 93°.
  • the first functional filler 124 includes a first filler and a second filler.
  • the particle diameter of the first filler is greater than or equal to 0.01 ⁇ m and less than 5 ⁇ m
  • the particle diameter of the second filler is greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the mass ratio is 1:4 ⁇ 4:1.
  • Both the first filler and the second filler can emit infrared rays in the atmospheric window band (7 ⁇ m ⁇ 14 ⁇ m), and have a radiation cooling function.
  • the small particle size of the first filler can better reflect sunlight (300nm ⁇ 2500nm waveband).
  • the particle size of the second filler can further increase the reflection of sunlight by the first functional layer 121. Therefore, through the combination of the first functional fillers 124 with different particle diameters, the reflection of the first functional fillers 124 to sunlight can be better improved, thereby improving the reflection and heat insulation effect of the radiant cooling fabric.
  • the first filler and the second filler are each independently selected from cesium tungsten bronze, tin antimony oxide, indium tin oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, sulfuric acid One or more of barium and silicon nitride.
  • the first functional layer 121 further includes an auxiliary agent dispersed in the resin substrate layer.
  • the auxiliary agent may be, but is not limited to, a dispersant, a defoamer, a wetting agent, a preservative, and a compound. At least one of membrane aids and thickeners.
  • the first functional layer 121 in this embodiment may be one layer or multiple layers, which is not limited in this application.
  • the functional layer 12 further includes a second functional layer 122, and the first functional layer 121 is disposed on the flexible substrate layer 11.
  • the second functional layer 122 is disposed on the surface of the first functional layer 121 away from the flexible substrate layer 11, and the second functional layer 122 is formed by fixedly laying the second functional filler 125 on the surface of the first functional layer 121, and the second functional filler 125 It is bonded to the first functional layer 121, the thickness of the first functional layer 121 is 10 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m, and the particle size of the second functional filler 125 is 1 ⁇ m-40 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the second functional filler 125 is 0.5 to 1.5 times the thickness of the first functional layer 121, and the amount of the second functional filler 125 is 10 g/m 2 to 200 g/m 2 .
  • the second functional filler 125 is used to improve the reflectance of the functional layer 12 in the 300nm ⁇ 2500nm band, and is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silica, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc powder, zinc sulfate
  • ceramic powder titanium dioxide, glass beads, silica, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc powder, zinc sulfate
  • Laying the second functional filler 125 on the first functional layer 121 can greatly increase the reflectivity of the functional layer 12, thereby improving the radiant cooling efficiency of the functional layer 12 in the daytime. Furthermore, the thickness of the functional layer 12 can be further reduced, so that the functional layer 12 of the present application can have a reflectivity of greater than 88% in the 300nm ⁇ 2500nm band under the condition that the thickness does not exceed 50 ⁇ m, and at the same time, it has a reflectivity in the 7 ⁇ m ⁇ 14 ⁇ m band.
  • the emissivity greater than 90% is beneficial to obtain a radiant cooling fabric with better flexibility and higher radiant cooling effect.
  • the second functional filler 125 is laid on the surface of the first functional layer 121 in a single layer to form the second functional layer 122, that is, the second functional filler 125 will not be laminated between the second functional fillers. Bonded with the first functional layer 121. Therefore, the thickness of the second functional layer 122 is less than or equal to the particle size of the second power filler 125.
  • the method for preparing the functional layer 12 of this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • the “curing” mentioned in the present application can be, but not limited to, thermal curing, light curing, natural air drying, and the like.
  • the first functional layer 121 can be prepared by blade coating, roller coating, spray coating, brush coating, or the like.
  • the second functional filler 125 is atomized by a pneumatic spray device, and then evenly sprayed on the first functional layer 121.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the third embodiment is provided for this application.
  • the functional layer 12 further includes a third functional layer 123, and a third functional layer 123 Located on the surface of the second functional layer 122 away from the first functional layer 121, the third functional layer 123 includes a second functional resin, and the thickness of the third functional layer 123 is 10 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m.
  • the second functional layer 122 is laid by the second functional filler 125, a gap is naturally formed between two adjacent second functional fillers 125, and the third functional resin of the third functional layer 123 will be filled The gap is bonded to the first functional layer 121.
  • the thickness of the third functional layer 123 is greater than or equal to the particle size of the second functional filler 125, so that the third functional layer 123 can completely cover the second functional filler 125 and can bond with the second functional filler 125 .
  • the method for preparing the functional layer 12 further includes: disposing a third functional layer 123 on the surface of the second functional layer 122 and curing it.
  • the fourth embodiment of the radiant cooling fabric provided by this application is different from the third embodiment in that the thickness of the third functional layer 123 is smaller than the particle size of the second functional filler 125 Therefore, part of the second functional filler 125 protrudes from the surface of the third functional layer 123.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the fifth embodiment provided for this application.
  • This embodiment is based on the third and fourth embodiments.
  • the third functional layer 123 further includes a third The functional filler 126, the third functional filler 126 are dispersed in the second functional resin, and the third functional filler 126 can be selected to have high emissivity in the 7 ⁇ m-14 ⁇ m band and high reflectivity in the 300nm ⁇ 2500nm to further improve the functional layer 12's radiant cooling effect.
  • the third functional filler 126 is selected from ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, glass beads, silicon dioxide, heavy calcium powder, barium sulfate, talc, zinc sulfate, aluminum silicate, heavy calcium powder , Pearl powder, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, rhodium oxide, and magnesium oxide.
  • the particle size of the third functional filler 126 is 4 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the functional layer 12 is basically not more than 100 ⁇ m, which makes the radiant cooling fabric It has better radiant cooling effect and wrinkle resistance, and at the same time, reduces the cost.
  • the first functional resin and the second functional resin are each independently selected from polyimide, One or more of cycloolefin polymer, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, and fluorine-containing resin.
  • the flexible substrate layer 11 includes a cloth layer and a resin coating layer coated on one or both sides of the cloth layer, and the thickness of the resin coating layer is 1 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the cloth layer is selected from one or more blends of polyester, nylon, acrylic, silk, cotton, and hemp, and the material of the resin coating layer is selected from polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, and phenolic resin.
  • resin and polyurethane resin One or more of resin and polyurethane resin.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the sixth embodiment provided for this application.
  • an interface agent is also provided between the flexible substrate layer 1 and the functional layer 12
  • the thickness of the interface agent layer 13 is 1 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m, and the material of the interface agent layer 13 can be selected from one or more of acrylic resin, polyurethane resin and epoxy resin.
  • the interface agent layer 13 is used to improve the adhesion of the functional layer 12 on the flexible substrate layer 11, and also has a waterproof function.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the seventh embodiment provided for this application.
  • the flexible substrate layer 11 is further provided on the side away from the functional layer 12
  • the waterproof layer 14 has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the material of the waterproof layer 14 can be selected from one or more of acrylic resin, polyurethane resin and epoxy resin.
  • the transmittance of the waterproof layer 14 in the visible light range of 400 nm to 700 nm is ⁇ 80%, and the waterproof layer 14 has good light transmittance and basically does not block the pattern on the inner surface of the flexible substrate layer 11.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the eighth embodiment provided for this application further includes a hydrophobic layer 15 on the basis of the above seven embodiments.
  • the hydrophobic layer 15 is arranged on the functional layer 12 away from the flexible One side of the substrate layer 11.
  • the material of the hydrophobic layer 15 may be selected from one or more of fluorine-containing resin and silicone resin.
  • nano-scale silica particles are dispersed in the hydrophobic layer 15, the mass fraction of the silica particles in the hydrophobic layer 15 is 0.5% to 5%, and the particle size of the silica particles is 0.5 nm to 20 nm.
  • the silicon oxide particles can further improve the hydrophobic performance of the hydrophobic layer 15 so that the contact angle of the hydrophobic layer 15 is greater than 110°.
  • the thickness of the water-repellent layer 15 is 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the transmittance of the hydrophobic layer 15 to infrared rays in the 7 ⁇ m-14 ⁇ m band is greater than or equal to 80%, so as to ensure that the hydrophobic layer 15 does not substantially affect the radiant cooling effect of the functional layer 12.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the ninth embodiment provided by this application further includes a weather-resistant layer 16, which is provided in the functional
  • the material of the weather-resistant layer 16 is selected from one or more of fluorine-containing resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, and silicone resin.
  • the weather-resistant layer The thickness of 16 is 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the radiant cooling fabric of the present application not only has good shading and radiant cooling functions, but also has good anti-wrinkle performance. When repeatedly folded and used, the surface is not prone to wrinkles.
  • this application also provides a product made of the above-mentioned radiant refrigeration fabric, including curtains, car covers, tents, awnings, umbrellas, clothing, hats, etc. These products not only have shading function, but also have good automatic cooling Features.
  • the product is an umbrella 20, including a pole 23, an umbrella frame 22, and an umbrella surface 21 made of the radiant cooling fabric, wherein the umbrella
  • the frame 22 is provided on the pole 23, and the umbrella surface 21 is provided on the umbrella frame 22. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated on the umbrella surface 21, the functional layer 12 in the umbrella surface 21 can reflect the sunlight, prevent the umbrella surface 21 from accumulating excessive heat, and reduce the surface of the umbrella surface 21 and the inner space of the umbrella 20.
  • the heat is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, achieving zero energy consumption and cooling and improving the comfort of users.
  • the umbrella surface 21 has good anti-wrinkle performance, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • the “inner space of the umbrella 20" in the present application refers to the space on the side of the umbrella 20 that faces away from sunlight during use.
  • the umbrella 20 further includes a solar panel and a fan, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the fan.
  • the fan is arranged on a pole 23 located inside the umbrella surface 21, and the solar panel is arranged on a pole 23 located outside the umbrella surface 21.
  • the solar panels By arranging solar panels on the outside of the umbrella surface 21, when sunlight shines on the solar panels, the solar panels absorb sunlight and directly or indirectly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect to provide the fan The electrical energy required for work.
  • the fan By arranging the fan on the inner side of the umbrella surface 21 and starting the fan, the cold air inside the umbrella surface 21 can be blown to the user, increasing the air flow rate, achieving the effect of heat exchange and cooling, and further improving the comfort of the user.
  • one end of the pole 23 is located outside the umbrella surface 21, and the end of the pole 23 located outside the umbrella surface 21 is provided with a solar panel interface, and the solar panel interface and the fan are connected by wires.
  • the pole 23 is a hollow structure, and a fan interface is provided in the middle of the pole 23.
  • the wire runs from the inside of the pole 23. One end of the wire is connected to the solar panel interface, and the other end of the wire is connected to the fan interface. .
  • the wiring is carried out in a built-in manner, so as to avoid safety accidents caused by leakage and damage of the wires, and also makes the umbrella 20 tidy and more convenient to use.
  • the solar panels are rotatably installed on the pole 23 outside the umbrella surface 21, and the fan is rotatably installed on the pole 23 inside the umbrella surface 21, so that the solar panels and fans can be adjusted according to the needs of use. The direction is more practical.
  • the product is a car cover 30, which includes a fixing member 32 and a car cover 31 made of the radiant cooling fabric, wherein the The fixing member 32 is provided on the vehicle cover body 31, and the fixing member 32 is used to fix the vehicle cover body 31 on the vehicle body. Therefore, the fixing member 32 can fix the car cover 31 to the surface of the car body. On the one hand, it can effectively block the external heat from entering the car body by convective heat exchange, reducing the outflow of cold in the car body, on the other hand.
  • the functional layer 12 in the car cover 31 can reflect the sunlight to prevent the car cover 31 from accumulating too much heat, and the surface of the car cover 31 and the inside of the car body
  • the heat of the space is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, which achieves zero-energy cooling and enhances the comfort of users.
  • the car cover body 31 has good anti-wrinkle performance, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • the fixing member 32 includes a magnetic adsorption layer 321, and the magnetic adsorption layer 321 is laminated between the flexible substrate layer 11 and the functional layer 12.
  • the magnetic adsorption layer 321 can adsorb and close the car cover 31 to the surface of the car body to prevent the car cover 31 from being blown away by high winds.
  • the car cover 31 since the car cover 31 is adsorbed and tightly attached to the surface of the car body, the car cover can be reduced. The air between 31 and the surface of the vehicle body prevents the vehicle cover 31 from hitting the surface of the vehicle body under the action of strong wind and causing damage to the surface of the vehicle body.
  • an electrostatic adsorption layer may be used to adsorb and closely adhere the car cover 31 to the surface of the car body.
  • the thickness of the magnetic adsorption layer 321 is 7 ⁇ m-12 ⁇ m, so that the car cover 30 can be adsorbed and tightly attached to the surface of the car body, and the car cover 30 can be easily removed from the car body.
  • the fixing member 32 further includes a magnetic body 322, and the magnetic body 322 is located at the edge of the vehicle cover body 31.
  • the magnetic body 322 may be a magnetic strip, which is arranged at intervals on the edge of the car cover body 31; or, the magnetic body 322 is a soft magnetic strip that surrounds the edge of the car cover body 31 Place.
  • the fixing member 32 may also be a connecting belt and/or a hook.
  • the fixing member 32 is a connecting belt
  • one end of the connecting belt is provided on the car cover 31, and the other end of the connecting belt is used for Removably connect the wheels.
  • a hook is provided at one end of the connecting strap away from the vehicle cover body 31, and the connecting strap is connected to the wheel through the hook.
  • a Velcro is provided at one end of the connecting strap away from the car cover 31, and the connecting strap is connected to the wheel through the Velcro.
  • the connecting strap can also be fastened to the wheel.
  • the vehicle cover can be firmly installed on the vehicle body through the connecting belt, and the vehicle cover 30 can be prevented from being blown away by the wind.
  • the connecting belt can also be connected to the lower edge of the car body or at the rearview mirror through the hook; when the connecting belt is set away from the end of the car cover 31
  • the connecting strap can also be connected to the rearview mirror of the car body through the Velcro.
  • the connecting strap can also be directly fastened to the rearview mirror, and the end of the connecting strap away from the car cover 31 passes through.
  • the vehicle cover 30 when the vehicle cover 30 is a half-cover body, the vehicle cover 30 is correspondingly provided at the position of the driver's cab and the trunk during use.
  • a circle of magnets is sewn on the edge of the car cover 30 so that the car cover 30 is close to the surface of the car body.
  • the vehicle cover 30 is a full cover body, the vehicle cover 30 is fully covered on the surface of the vehicle body.
  • an iron absorption stone is sewn at the position of the vehicle cover 30 corresponding to the vehicle door to facilitate the adsorption of the vehicle cover 30 to the vehicle door.
  • the product is a tent 40, which includes a tent frame 42 and an outer tent 41 made of the radiant cooling fabric.
  • the outer tent 41 covers Outside the tent frame 42. Therefore, when sunlight shines on the surface of the outdoor tent 41, the functional layer 12 in the outdoor tent 41 can reflect the sunlight to prevent the outdoor tent 41 from accumulating excessive heat, and the surface of the tent 41 and the inside of the tent 40
  • the heat of the space is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, which achieves zero-energy cooling and enhances the comfort of users.
  • the anti-wrinkle performance of the outer tent 41 is good, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • the “inner space of the tent 40" in this application refers to the space on the side of the tent 40 that faces away from the outdoors during use.
  • the tent 40 further includes an inner tent 43 and a bottom tent.
  • the inner tent 43 is arranged on the inner side of the outer tent 41, and the bottom tent is arranged at the bottom of the inner tent 43, and the inner tent 43 and The tent frame 42 is connected.
  • the inner tent 43 is hoisted to the tent frame 42 by ropes, buckles, etc., and the outer tent 41 is covered on the tent skeleton 42 so that there is a certain interval between the inner tent 43 and the outer tent 41.
  • an inner net 43 on the inner side of the outer net 41, and setting a bottom net at the bottom of the inner net 43 to form a closed space, it not only has a better heat preservation effect, but also can prevent mosquitoes.
  • the inner tent 43 and the outer tent 41 can also be connected by stitching or pasting, and then they are jointly covered on the tent frame 42 to facilitate the folding or opening of the tent 40.
  • the inner lining 43 may be polyester oxford cloth, so that the tent 40 is strong and reliable, while being windproof, rainproof and sun-proof, and meets the use requirements of ordinary outdoor tents 40.
  • the inner lining 43 can also be a mesh cloth, such as a B3 mesh cloth.
  • the mesh cloth has good air permeability and is light in texture, which is convenient for storage and carrying, and can also make the tent 40 have air permeability and anti-mosquito functions.
  • the tent 40 further includes a detachable portion 44, which is detachably connected to the outer tent 41, or the detachable portion 44 is detachably connected to the inner lining tent 43 and is exposed to the outer tent 41 part.
  • the detachable portion 44 is provided at the position of the dome structure of the sunshade tent 40, and the planar shape of the detachable portion 44 is a square.
  • the detachable portion 44 is made of the aforementioned radiant cooling fabric. By providing the detachable part 44, the radiation cooling effect of the tent 40 can be enhanced, and the use is flexible and easy to replace.
  • the detachable portion 44 is detachably connected to the outer tent 41 by means of zippers, Velcro, buttons, knots, etc., or detachably connected to the inner lining 43 and exposed to the outer tent 41. section.
  • the tent 40 may further include a door body 49, the side of the outer account 41 is provided with an opening, and the door body 49 is provided at the opening.
  • the door body 49 may be shaded in the form of a roll-up blind, and may also be shaded in the form of a flip to facilitate entering and exiting the tent.
  • the door body 49 may also include a window.
  • the tent 40 further includes a power supply component 45, a sensor 46, an alarm 47, and a controller 48.
  • the sensor 46, the alarm 47, and the controller 48 are electrically connected to the power supply component 45, and the controller 48 is respectively It is electrically connected with the sensor 46 and the alarm 47 to meet the multi-functional requirements of the tent 40.
  • the power supply assembly 45 is a solar flexible battery, and the solar flexible battery is provided on the outer surface of the tent 40.
  • the senor 46 is one or more of a temperature sensor 46, a distance sensor 46, and a smoke sensor 46.
  • the temperature sensor 46 can monitor the temperature of the tent 40 to sense the actual temperature inside the tent 40 in real time; the distance sensor 46 can detect whether there are beasts or other foreign objects approaching the tent 40; the smoke sensor 46 can detect whether the tent 40 is inside or outside There is a fire.
  • the alarm 47 can give an alarm in the form of sound and light to remind people in the tent 40 of a dangerous situation, or to scare away wild animals through alarms.
  • the product is a hat 50, which includes a cap body 51 made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the cap body 51 is used to accommodate the head Cavity. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated on the cap body 51, the functional layer 12 in the cap body 51 can reflect the sunlight, avoid the cap body 51 from accumulating excessive heat, and reduce the surface of the cap body 51 and the internal space of the cavity. The heat is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, achieving zero energy consumption and cooling and improving the comfort of users. At the same time, the cap body 51 has good anti-wrinkle performance, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • the cap body 51 is provided with a vent hole 511 extending from the inner wall of the cavity to the outer wall of the cavity. It should be noted that the cap body 51 is provided with a vent hole 511, and the vent hole 511 may be provided with one or multiple vent holes; if there are multiple vent holes 511, the multiple vent holes 511 are arranged oppositely.
  • the ventilation holes 511 By providing the ventilation holes 511, the heat in the internal space of the cavity can be dissipated to the external environment, so as to realize air circulation in the internal space of the cavity and further reduce the temperature of the internal space of the cavity.
  • the hat 50 further includes a sunshade 52.
  • the sunshade 52 is located at the open end of the cavity. When in use, the sunshade 52 hangs on the neck of the user so as to prevent direct sunlight from hitting the neck. Prevent the user's neck from being sunburned. Further, the sunshade 52 is made of the radiant cooling fabric, so that when the sun is irradiated on the sunshade 52, the functional layer 12 in the sunshade 52 can reflect the sun light and avoid the sunshade 52 from accumulating excessive heat.
  • the sunshade curtain 52 has good anti-wrinkle performance, is repeatedly folded and used, and the surface is not prone to wrinkles, and can be folded according to use requirements, which is convenient for storage and carrying.
  • the sunshade 52 includes a mounting plate 521 and a curtain body 522 provided on the edge of the mounting plate 521, and the mounting plate 521 is provided with a mounting hole 5211 that matches the hat 50.
  • the mounting plate 521 is clamped on the top of the hat 50 through the mounting hole 5211, which makes it easy to disassemble and assemble, and is flexible in use.
  • the hat 50 further includes a storage bag 53, and the storage bag 53 is provided on the sunshade 52.
  • the storage bag 53 is provided on the sunshade 52.
  • the hat 50 may also include a cooling bag 54 provided on the inner surface of the hat 50 at a position corresponding to the back of the user's head.
  • the cooling bag 54 is detachably provided on the inner surface of the hat 50 through a buckle, a zipper, or the like.
  • ice cubes, ice packs or other phase change substances can be added to the cooling bag 54 to cool the head.
  • the melting and evaporation of ice cubes, ice packs or other phase change substances will also absorb heat from the head and cool the head for a long time.
  • the cooling bag 54 still covers the neck, reducing the heat generated by solar radiation.
  • the cap 50 further includes a pigment, and the pigment may be dispersed in the functional layer 12, specifically, the first functional layer 121 or the second functional layer 122 or the third functional layer 123 may be dispersed.
  • the pigment may be dispersed in the functional layer 12, specifically, the first functional layer 121 or the second functional layer 122 or the third functional layer 123 may be dispersed.
  • the product is a curtain 60, and includes a curtain body made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the curtain body forms a part of the curtain 60. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated on the curtain body, the functional layer 12 in the curtain body can reflect the sunlight, prevent the curtain body from accumulating excessive heat, and use infrared radiation to heat the surface of the curtain body and the interior space of the building. Through the atmospheric window emission, zero energy consumption cooling is realized, and the user's comfort is improved. At the same time, the curtain body has good anti-wrinkle performance, and is repeatedly folded and used, and the surface is not prone to wrinkles, and can be folded according to use requirements, which is convenient for storage.
  • the product is an awning 70, which includes a awning frame 71 and a awning surface 72 made of the radiant cooling fabric, and the awning surface 72 is covered in The awning frame 71 is outside. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated on the canopy surface 72, the functional layer 12 in the canopy surface 72 can reflect the sunlight, prevent the canopy surface 72 from accumulating excessive heat, and reduce the surface of the canopy surface 72 and the inner space of the canopy 70 The heat is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, which achieves zero-energy cooling and enhances the comfort of users. At the same time, the anti-wrinkle performance of the canopy surface 72 is good, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • the “inner space of the awning 70" in this application refers to the space on the side of the awning 70 that faces away from sunlight during use.
  • the product is a garment 80, which includes a cloth surface 81 made of the radiant cooling fabric. Specifically, it can be a chest cloth, a back cloth, and a shoulder cloth. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated on the face cloth 81, the functional layer 12 in the face cloth 81 can reflect the sunlight, prevent the cloth surface 81 from accumulating excessive heat, and protect the surface of the cloth surface 81 and the clothing
  • the heat in the internal space of 80 (such as the human body) is emitted through the atmospheric window in the form of infrared radiation, which realizes zero-energy consumption cooling and enhances the comfort of users.
  • the wrinkle resistance of the face cloth 81 is good, and it is not easy to produce wrinkles on the surface after repeated folding and use.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a waterproof layer, a flexible substrate layer, an interface agent layer, a first functional layer and a hydrophobic layer arranged in sequence.
  • the waterproof layer is acrylic resin with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm
  • the interface agent layer is a polyurethane resin with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 30 ⁇ m
  • the first functional layer includes 85wt% epoxy resin , 10wt% of titanium dioxide (particle size of 5 ⁇ m), 3wt% of silicon nitride (particle size of 1 ⁇ m) and 2wt% of additives
  • the hydrophobic layer is a fluorine-containing resin with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a waterproof layer, a flexible substrate layer, a first functional layer and a hydrophobic layer arranged in sequence.
  • the waterproof layer is a polyurethane resin with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester woven fabric with a thickness of 1mm
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 60 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 88wt% polyimide and 5wt% calcium carbonate (particles). (Diameter 3 ⁇ m), 3wt% silica (particle size 5 ⁇ m) and 4wt% additives
  • the hydrophobic layer is a fluorine-containing resin with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer, an interface agent layer, a first functional layer and a hydrophobic layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm
  • the interface agent layer is an epoxy resin with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 80wt% cycloolefin polymer and 9wt% barium sulfate ( The particle size is 2 ⁇ m), 9wt% of silicon carbide (particle size of 7 ⁇ m) and 2wt% of additives
  • the hydrophobic layer is a silicone resin with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm.
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 200 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 76wt% polyester resin, 10wt% zinc aluminum oxide (particle size 1 ⁇ m), and 10wt% silicon dioxide. (Particle size 8 ⁇ m) and 4wt% of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a cotton cloth with a thickness of 2mm
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 150 ⁇ m
  • the first functional layer includes 80wt% polyurethane resin, 6wt% indium tin oxide (grain size 0.01 ⁇ m), 12wt% titanium dioxide (grain size 6 ⁇ m) and 2wt% of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a nylon cloth with a thickness of 0.3mm, and the thickness of the first functional layer is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 90wt% acrylic resin, 4wt% indium tin oxide (particle size 3 ⁇ m), 4wt% calcium carbonate ( Particle size 15 ⁇ m) and 2wt% of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer includes a polyester fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm and a polyvinyl chloride resin with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m coated on both sides of the polyester fabric.
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 80 ⁇ m, and the first functional layer includes 88wt% silicone resin and 8wt% Cesium tungsten bronze (particle size 2 ⁇ m), 3wt% silicon nitride (particle size 10 ⁇ m) and 1wt% additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer includes a polyester fabric with a thickness of 0.5mm and a polyurethane resin coated on both sides of the polyester fabric with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 120 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 85wt% acrylic resin and 6wt% barium sulfate. (Particle size 3 ⁇ m), 6wt% calcium carbonate (particle size 15 ⁇ m) and 3wt% additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a first functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm.
  • the thickness of the first functional layer is 100 ⁇ m.
  • the first functional layer includes 90wt% of silicone resin, 5wt% of titanium dioxide (particle size 2 ⁇ m), and 3wt% of calcium carbonate (particle size). 10 ⁇ m) and 2wt% of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm, and the thickness of the functional layer is 250 ⁇ m.
  • the functional layer includes 90wt% silicone resin, 5wt% titanium dioxide (particle size 2 ⁇ m), 3wt% calcium carbonate (particle size 10 ⁇ m) and 2wt% % Of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a flexible substrate layer and a functional layer arranged in sequence.
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm, and the thickness of the functional layer is 5 ⁇ m.
  • the functional layer includes 70wt% of silicone resin, 14wt% of titanium dioxide (particle size 2 ⁇ m), 14wt% of calcium carbonate (particle size 10 ⁇ m) and 2wt% % Of additives.
  • a radiant cooling fabric which includes a waterproof layer, a flexible substrate layer, an interface agent layer, a functional layer and a hydrophobic layer arranged in sequence.
  • the waterproof layer is acrylic resin with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m
  • the flexible substrate layer is a polyester cloth with a thickness of 1mm
  • the interface agent layer is a polyurethane resin with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the functional layer is 200 ⁇ m.
  • the functional layer includes 85wt% epoxy resin and 10wt% Titanium dioxide (particle size 5 ⁇ m), 3wt% silicon nitride (particle size 1 ⁇ m) and 2wt% other additives
  • the hydrophobic layer is a fluorine-containing resin with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
  • the wrinkle resistance of the radiant cooling fabrics of the above examples and comparative examples was measured. According to the GB/T3819-1997 standard, the fabric's wrinkle recovery performance was tested. Before cutting the sample, place the sample under standard conditions (temperature 20 ⁇ 3°C, relative humidity 65 ⁇ 5%) for 24h, and use the domestic YG(B)541D fabric crease elasticity tester to do the warp and weft direction of the fabric Mark, cut a piece of 40mm ⁇ 15mm with a "convex" shape at a distance of 5cm from the edge of the cloth along the width of the sample. Fold the sample in half according to the regulations and let it stand for 1 minute under a pressure of 10N. The machine will automatically measure the elastic angle of the sample's bounce (5 minutes after the weight is released). Measure 5 times in each of the latitude and longitude directions to obtain the average value. The more the wrinkle recovery angle is Larger, the better the wrinkle resistance of the fabric. The test results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 9 From the recovery angle data of Example 9 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the thickness of the functional layer exceeds 200 ⁇ m, the wrinkle resistance of the fabric is significantly reduced, while the reflectivity and emissivity of the functional layer gradually tend to increase with the increase in thickness. Yu stable. That is, when the thickness of the functional layer reaches about 200 ⁇ m, continuing to increase the thickness of the functional layer will not improve the reflection and radiant cooling capacity of the functional layer, but will cause the wrinkle resistance of the fabric to deteriorate.
  • a display house B made of stainless steel, which has the same material, size, structure and shape as the display house A.
  • the glass windows of the display house B are equipped with ordinary blackout curtains (polyester fabric with a thickness of 1mm). ), the area of the ordinary blackout curtain is 5m 2 , the exhibition room B is placed in a place consistent with the environment of the exhibition room, and a thermocouple with a data logger is used to measure and record the temperature of the temperature measurement point a1 in the middle of the exhibition room B Change, see curve a in Figure 11.
  • the outdoor ambient temperature and solar irradiance at that time are also tested. See the ambient temperature curve c and solar irradiance curve d in Fig. 29. Comparing the curves in Figure 29, it can be seen that in the same time period, the temperature in display room B can be up to 20°C higher than the outdoor temperature, while the temperature in display room A can be up to 6°C lower than the temperature in display room B , which shows that the radiant cooling fabric has a good automatic cooling effect, can reduce the indoor temperature, improve the indoor comfort, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
  • the three cars are parked in the same environment and made of ordinary fabric (polyester fabric with a thickness of 1mm) on the outer cover of car C.
  • the car cover is a car cover made of the radiant cooling fabric made in Example 8 on the car D outer cover.
  • the car cover is not set outside the car E, and the temperature measurement points are set in the middle of the cockpits of the cars C, D, and E.
  • e1, g1, f1 use a thermocouple with a data logger to measure and record the temperature changes of each automobile temperature measurement point. The measurement results are shown in curves e, g, and f in Figure 31, respectively.
  • the third application case of radiant cooling fabric is provided below:
  • the tent H uses the radiant cooling fabric prepared in Example 9 and the tent J uses ordinary fabric (with a thickness of 1mm). Polyester fabric), place the tents H and J in a place where the environment is the same, and test the temperature changes in the middle positions m1 and k1 of the inner screens of the tents H and J. The measurement results are shown in the curves m and k in Figure 33, respectively.
  • the temperature inside the tent is measured At the same time, test the outdoor ambient temperature and solar irradiance at that time, see the ambient temperature curve n and solar irradiance curve p in Figure 33.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the PET resin layer is mixed with 10% by volume of silica with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m. Before the resin is dried, the surface of the PET resin is uniform Spray a layer of titanium dioxide with an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m, and dry the PET resin to obtain the first functional layer and the second functional layer.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the PET resin is mixed with 15% by volume of titanium dioxide with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m. Before the resin dries, spray evenly on the surface of the PET resin. The layer average particle diameter of silica is 30 ⁇ m, and the PET resin is dried to obtain the first functional layer and the second functional layer.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the PET resin is dispersed with silicon dioxide with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m, and the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide in the resin is 30%.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • Titanium dioxide with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m is dispersed in the polyurethane resin, and the mass fraction of the titanium dioxide in the resin is 25%.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a 10 ⁇ m thick polyurethane resin is coated on the alumina layer, and the polyurethane resin layer is mixed with 5% by volume of silica with an average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, and then the polyurethane resin is dried.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a 10 ⁇ m thick polyurethane resin is coated on the alumina layer, and the polyurethane resin layer is mixed with 5% by volume of silica with an average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, and then the polyurethane resin is dried.
  • a flexible substrate layer which includes polyester woven fabric and polyvinyl chloride resin coated on both sides of the polyester woven fabric, the thickness of the polyester woven fabric is 1mm, and the thickness of the resin coating layer on both sides of the polyester woven fabric is equal It is 10 ⁇ m.
  • a 10 ⁇ m thick polyurethane resin is coated on the alumina layer, and the polyurethane resin layer is mixed with 5% by volume of silica with an average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, and then the polyurethane resin is dried.

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Abstract

本申请涉及辐射制冷面料、制品，所述辐射制冷面料包括层叠设置的柔性基材层和功能层，所述功能层包括第一功能层，所述第一功能层的厚度为10μm～200μm，所述第一功能层包括第一功能树脂以及分散于所述第一功能树脂中的第一功能填料，所述第一功能填料在所述第一功能层中的质量分数为1％～20％，所述辐射制冷面料在7μm～14μm波段的发射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料的径向回复角的平均值≥95°，纬向回复角的平均值≥91°。所述制品由所述的辐射制冷面料制成。

Description

辐射制冷面料、制品
相关申请
本申请要求2019年11月8日申请的、申请号为201911086548.1、名称为“一种辐射制冷面料及其用途”和2019年11月6日申请的、申请号为201911075603.7、名称为“辐射制冷功能层、辐射制冷面料及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及辐射制冷技术领域，特别是涉及辐射制冷面料、制品。
背景技术
目前，市面上的遮阳产品多种多样，包括遮阳板、室外百叶帘、室外硬卷帘、室外软卷帘、天幕帘、天篷帘、遮阳篷、车罩、伞等。但是，现有的遮阳产品通常仅具有遮光功能，没有明显制冷的效果。随着辐射制冷技术的发展，研究人员开始研究辐射制冷技术在遮阳产品上的应用，以赋予遮阳产品自动制冷的功能，但是面料与功能层的结合存在许多实际应用问题需要解决。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对上述问题，提供一种具有遮阳、自动制冷功能的辐射制冷面料，具有良好的降温效果，且该面料具有良好的抗皱性。
一种辐射制冷面料，其包括层叠设置的柔性基材层和功能层，所述功能层包括第一功能层，所述第一功能层的厚度为10μm～200μm，所述第一功能层包括第一功能树脂以及分散于所述第一功能树脂中的第一功能填料，所述第一功能填料在所述第一功能层中的质量分数为1％～20％，所述辐射制冷面料在7μm～14μm波段的发射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料的径向回复角的平均值≥95°，纬向回复角的平均值≥91°。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一功能填料包括第一填料和第二填料，所述第一填料的粒径大于等于0.01μm小于5μm，所述第二填料的粒径大于等于5μm小于等于15μm，所述第一填料和所述第二填料的质量之比为1:4～4:1，或者，所述第一填料和所述第二填料各自独立地选自铯钨青铜、氧化锡锑、氧化铟锡、氧化锌铝、二氧化硅、碳化硅、二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氮化硅中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功能层还包括第二功能层，所述第一功能层设置于所述柔性基材层上，所述第二功能层设置于所述第一功能层远离所述柔性基材层的表面，所述第二功能层由第二功能填料固定铺设于所述第一功能层的表面形成，所述第一功能层的厚度为10μm～30μm，所述第二功能填料的粒径为1μm～40μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二功能填料的粒径为所述第一功能层的厚度的0.5倍～1.5倍，或者，所述第二功能填料的用量为10g/m 2～200g/m 2，或者，所述第二功能填料选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述功能层还包括第三功能层，所述第三功能层设于所述第二功能层远离所述第一功能层的表面，所述第三功能层包括第二功能树脂，所述第三功能层的厚度为10μm～30μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第三功能层中还包括有第三功能填料，所述第三功能填料选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种，所述第三功能填料的粒径为4μm～20μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一功能树脂和所述第二功能树脂各自独立地选自聚酰亚胺、环烯烃聚合物、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂、含氟树脂中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述柔性基材层的厚度为300μm～2mm，所述柔性基材层包括布料层以及涂覆于所述布料层一面或双面的树脂涂布层，所述树脂涂布层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述布料层的材料选自涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、丝、棉、麻中的一种或多种的混纺，所述树脂涂布层的材料选自聚氯乙烯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述柔性基材层与所述功能层之间还设有界面剂层，所述界面剂层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述界面剂层的材料选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯和环氧树脂中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述柔性基材层在远离所述功能层的一侧还设有防水层，所述防水层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述防水层的材料选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和环氧树脂中的一种或多种，所述防水层在400nm～700nm可见光范围内的透射率≥80％。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辐射制冷面料还包括疏水层，所述疏水层设置在所述功能层远离所述柔性基材层的一侧，所述疏水层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述疏水层的材料选自含氟树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或多种，所述疏水层中分散有纳米级的二氧化硅颗粒，所述二氧化硅颗粒在所述疏水层中的质量分数为0.5％～5％，所述疏水层对7μm～14μm波段红外线的透射率≥80％。
在其中一个实施例中，所述辐射制冷面料还包括耐候层，所述耐候层设置在所述功能层远离所述柔性基材层的一侧，所述耐候层的材料选自含氟树脂、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或几种，所述耐候层的厚度为10μm～50μm。
一种制品，所述制品由上述的辐射制冷面料制成。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为伞，包括立杆、伞骨架及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的伞面，其中，所述伞骨架设于所述立杆，所述伞面设于所述伞骨架。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为车罩，包括固定件及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的车罩体，其中，所述固定件设于所述车罩体，所述固定件用于将车罩体固定在车体上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为帐篷，包括帐篷骨架及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的外帐，所述外帐罩于所述帐篷骨架外。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为帽子，包括所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帽体，所述帽体形成供头部放置的腔体。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为窗帘，包括所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帘体，所述帘体形成窗帘的一部分。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为遮阳篷，包括遮阳篷骨架及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的篷面，所述篷面罩于所述遮阳篷骨架外。
在其中一个实施例中，所述制品为服装，包括所述的辐射制冷面料制成的面布。
本申请的辐射制冷面料具备良好的遮阳以及辐射制冷功能，此外，辐射制冷面料的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用时，表面不易产生褶皱。因此，本申请的辐射制冷面料可用于制备窗帘、车罩、帐篷、遮阳篷、伞、服装或帽子等制品，使这些制品不仅具有遮光功能，还具有良好的自动降温功能。
附图说明
图1为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图2为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第二种实施方式的结构示意图；
图3为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第三种实施方式的结构示意图；
图4为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第四种实施方式的结构示意图；
图5为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第五种实施方式的结构示意图；
图6为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第六种实施方式的结构示意图；
图7为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第七种实施方式的结构示意图；
图8为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第八种实施方式的结构示意图；
图9为本申请的辐射制冷面料的第九种实施方式的结构示意图；
图10为本申请第一实施方式的制品的结构示意图；
图11为本申请第二实施方式的制品的结构示意图；
图12为图11所示制品的结构分解图；
图13为本申请第三实施方式的制品的外帐的结构示意图；
图14为本申请第三实施方式的制品的帐篷骨架的结构示意图；
图15为本申请第三实施方式的制品的可拆部的结构示意图；
图16为本申请第三实施方式的制品的可拆部安装于外帐的结构示意图；
图17为本申请第三实施方式的制品的可拆部安装于内衬帐的结构示意图；
图18为本申请第三实施方式的制品的供电组件安装于可拆部的结构示意图；
图19为本申请第三实施方式的制品的供电组件、传感器、控制器及告警器的电路图；
图20为本申请第四实施方式的制品的第一种结构示意图；
图21为图20所示的制品的结构分解图；
图22为本申请第四实施方式的制品的第二种结构示意图；
图23为本申请第四实施方式的制品的第三种结构示意图；
图24为本申请第四实施方式的制品的第四种结构示意图；
图25为本申请第五实施方式的制品的结构示意图；
图26为本申请第六实施方式的制品的结构示意图；
图27为本申请第七实施方式的制品的结构示意图；
图28为建筑物不锈钢展示屋的测温点示意图；
图29为图28所示建筑物分别使用本申请的辐射制冷面料制得的窗帘与普通的遮阳面料制得的窗帘时，室内温度的对比曲线；
图30为汽车的测温点示意图；
图31为图30所示汽车分别使用本申请的辐射制冷面料制得的车罩、普通面料制得的车罩以及未设置车罩时，车内温度的对比曲线；
图32为帐篷的测温点示意图；
图33为图32所示帐篷分别采用本申请的辐射制冷面料制备以及采用普通遮阳面料制备时，篷内温度的对比曲线。
图中：11、柔性基材层；12、功能层；13、界面剂层；14、防水层；15、疏水层；16、耐候层；121、第一功能层；122、第二功能层；123、第三功能层；124、第一功能填料；125、第二功能填料；126、第三功能填料；20、伞；21、伞面；22、伞骨架；23、立杆；30、车罩；31、车罩体；32、固定件；321、磁性吸附层；322、磁性体；40、帐篷；41、外帐；42、帐篷骨架；43、内衬帐；44、可拆部；45、供电组件；46、传感器；47、告警器；48、控制器；49、门体；50、帽子；51、帽体；511、透气孔；52、遮阳帘；521、安装板；5124、安装孔；522、帘本体；53、收纳袋；54、降温袋；60、窗帘；70、遮阳篷；71、遮阳篷骨架；72、篷面；80、服装；81、布面。
具体实施方式
以下将对本申请提供的辐射制冷面料、制品作进一步说明。
本申请提供的辐射制冷面料中，包括层叠设置的柔性基材层11和功能层12，功能层12主要发挥反射太阳光以及自动降温的功能。
如图1所示，为本申请提供的第一种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，功能层12包括第一功能层121，第一功能层121包括第一功能树脂以及分散于第一功能树脂中的第一功能填料124。
本实施方式的辐射制冷面料中，功能层12的反射功能和自动降温功能由第一功能层121的第一功能树脂以及第一功能填料124共同赋予。第一功能层121的厚度越厚、第一功能填料124的含量越多，其遮阳以及辐射制冷效果越好。但是，发明人发现，第一功能层121厚度过厚、第一功能填料124的含量过多，会导致辐射制冷面料的抗皱性变差，尤其是辐射制冷面料经过多次折叠后，其表面褶皱较多，一方面影响美观，另一方面也会对辐射制冷面料的功能产生一定的影响。但是若第一功能层121过薄或者第一功能填料124过少，则第一功能层121的反射以及辐射制冷功能就会变差。
为平衡辐射制冷面料的这两种性能，发明人进行了深入的研究，发现当第一功能层121的厚度为10μm～200μm、第一功能填料124在第一功能层121中的质量分数为1％～20％时，能够保证第一功能层121在7μm～14μm波段的发射率不低于80％，在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率不低于80％，同时，还可以获得抗皱性较好的辐射制冷面料。
具体地，本申请的辐射制冷面料的抗皱性可使用褶皱回复角表征，其径向回复角的平均值≥95°， 纬向回复角的平均值≥91°。
在一个或多个实施例中，当柔性基材层11的厚度为300μm～2mm、第一功能层121中第一功能填料124的质量分数为8％～20％时，可使辐射制冷面料的径向回复角的平均值≥98°，纬向回复角的平均值≥93°。
其中，第一功能填料124包括第一填料和第二填料，第一填料的粒径大于等于0.01μm小于5μm，第二填料的粒径大于等于5μm小于等于15μm，第一填料和第二填料的质量之比为1:4～4:1。
第一填料与第二填料均能够发射大气窗口波段(7μm～14μm)的红外线，具有辐射制冷功能，此外，小粒径的第一填料能够较好地反射太阳光(300nm～2500nm波段)，大粒径的第二填料能够进一步增加第一功能层121对太阳光的反射。从而，通过不同粒径的第一功能填料124的组合，可以更好地提高第一功能填料124对太阳光的反射，进而提高辐射制冷面料的反射隔热效果。
在一个或多个实施例中，第一填料和第二填料各自独立地选自铯钨青铜、氧化锡锑、氧化铟锡、氧化锌铝、二氧化硅、碳化硅、二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氮化硅中的一种或多种。
在一个或多个实施例中，第一功能层121中还包括分散在树脂基材层中的助剂，助剂可以是但不限于分散剂、消泡剂、润湿剂、防腐剂、成膜助剂、增稠剂中的至少一种。
需要说明的是，该实施方式中的第一功能层121可以一层，也可以是多层，本申请对此不做限定。
如图2所示，为本申请提供的第二种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式中，功能层12还包括第二功能层122，第一功能层121设置于柔性基材层11上，第二功能层122设置于第一功能层121远离柔性基材层11的表面，第二功能层122由第二功能填料125固定铺设于第一功能层121的表面形成，第二功能填料125与第一功能层121粘接，第一功能层121的厚度为10μm～30μm，第二功能填料125的粒径为1μm～40μm。
在一个或多个实施例中，第二功能填料125的粒径为第一功能层121厚度的0.5倍～1.5倍，第二功能填料125的用量为10g/m 2～200g/m 2。
其中，第二功能填料125用于提高功能层12在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率，选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种，形状优选为球形或椭球形。
在第一功能层121上铺设第二功能填料125，可以大幅提高功能层12的反射率，从而提高功能层12在日间的辐射制冷效率。进而，可以进一步降低功能层12的厚度，使得本申请的功能层12可以在厚度不超过50μm的情况下，在300nm～2500nm波段具有大于88％的反射率，同时，在7μm～14μm波段的具有大于90％的发射率，有利于获得柔韧性更好、辐射制冷效果更高的辐射制冷面料。
需要说明的是，第二功能填料125以单层的方式铺设于第一功能层121的表面形成第二功能层122，即，第二功能填料125之间不会出现叠层的现象，均能与第一功能层121粘接。从而，第二功能层122的厚度小于等于第二功率填料125的粒径。
具体地，本实施方式的功能层12的制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1，在柔性基材层11上设置第一功能层121，在第一功能层121干燥或固化前，将第二功能填料125均匀喷洒于第一功能层121的表面；
S2，干燥或固化第一功能层121，使得第二功能填料125粘接于第一功能层121上形成第二功能层122。
需要说明的是，本申请所说的“固化”可以是但不限于热固化、光固化、自然风干等。第一功能层121可以通过刮涂、滚涂、喷涂、刷涂等方式制得。第二功能填料125采用气动喷雾装置雾化，然后均匀喷洒在第一功能层121上。
如图3所示，为本申请提供的第三种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在第二种实施方式的基础上，功能层12还包括第三功能层123，第三功能层123设于第二功能层122远离第一功能层121的表面，第三功能层123包括第二功能树脂，第三功能层123的厚度为10μm～30μm。
需要说明的是，由于第二功能层122由第二功能填料125铺设而成，在相邻两个第二功能填料125之间自然形成有间隙，第三功能层123的第三功能树脂会填充于该空隙而与第一功能层121粘结。
该实施方式中，第三功能层123的厚度大于等于第二功能填料125的粒径，以使第三功能层123 能够完全包覆第二功能填料125，且能够与第二功能填料125粘结。
具体地，该功能层12的制备方法在上述步骤的基础上还包括：在第二功能层122的表面上设置第第三功能层123并固化。
如图4所示，为本申请提供的第四种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式与第三种实施方式的区别在于，第三功能层123的厚度小于第二功能填料125的粒径，所以，第二功能填料125的部分凸出于第三功能层123的表面。
如图5所示，为本申请提供的第五种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在第三和第四种实施方式的基础上，在第三功能层123中，还包括有第三功能填料126，第三功能填料126分散于第二功能树脂中，第三功能填料126可以选择在7μm～14μm波段具有高发射率和在300nm～2500nm具有高反射率的填料，以进一步提高功能层12的辐射制冷效果。
在一个或多个实施例中，第三功能填料126选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种，第三功能填料126的粒径为4μm～20μm。
从而，通过第二功能层122和第三功能层123的结构设置，不仅提高了功能层12的辐射制冷效果，而且进一步减小了功能层12的厚度，基本不会超过100μm，使辐射制冷面料具有更好的辐射制冷效果和抗褶皱性，同时，降低了成本。
考虑到树脂的辐射制冷功能，以使树脂与功能填料共同赋予功能层12辐射制冷效果，在上述五种实施方式中，第一功能树脂和第二功能树脂各自独立地选自聚酰亚胺、环烯烃聚合物、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂、含氟树脂中的一种或多种。
在一个或多个实施例中，柔性基材层11包括布料层以及涂覆于布料层一面或双面的树脂涂布层，树脂涂布层的厚度为1μm～20μm。其中，布料层的材料选自涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、丝、棉、麻中的一种或多种的混纺，树脂涂布层的材料选自聚氯乙烯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂中的一种或多种。
如图6所示，为本申请提供的第六种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在上述五种实施方式的基础上，柔性基材层1与功能层12之间还设有界面剂层13，界面剂层13的厚度为1μm～20μm，界面剂层13的材料可以选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和环氧树脂中的一种或多种。界面剂层13用于提高功能层12在柔性基材层11上的附着力，同时也具备防水的功能。
如图7所示，为本申请提供的第七种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在上述六种实施方式的基础上，柔性基材层11在远离功能层12的一侧还设有防水层14，防水层14的厚度为1μm～20μm，防水层14的材料可以选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和环氧树脂中的一种或多种。防水层14在400nm～700nm可见光范围内的透射率≥80％，防水层14具有较好的透光性，基本不会遮挡柔性基材层11内侧表面的图案。
如图8所示，为本申请提供的第八种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在上述七种实施方式的基础上，还包括疏水层15，疏水层15设置在功能层12远离柔性基材层11的一侧。疏水层15的材料可以选自含氟树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或多种。进一步地，疏水层15中分散有纳米级的二氧化硅颗粒，二氧化硅颗粒在疏水层15中的质量分数为0.5％～5％，二氧化硅颗粒的粒径为0.5nm～20nm，二氧化硅颗粒能够进一步提高疏水层15的疏水性能，使得疏水层15的接触角大于110°。疏水层15的厚度为1μm～20μm。疏水层15对7μm～14μm波段红外线的透射率≥80％，以保证疏水层15基本不影响功能层12的辐射制冷效果。
如图9所示，为本申请提供的第九种实施方式的辐射制冷面料，该实施方式在上述第一至第七种实施方式的基础上，还包括耐候层16，耐候层16设置在功能层12远离柔性基材层11的一侧，耐候层16的材料选自含氟树脂、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或几种，耐候层16的厚度为10μm～50μm。
所以，本申请的辐射制冷面料不仅具备良好的遮阳以及辐射制冷功能，还具有良好的抗皱性能，反复折叠使用时，表面不易产生褶皱。
因此，本申请还提供一种制品，由上述的辐射制冷面料制成，包括窗帘、车罩、帐篷、遮阳篷、伞、服装、帽子等，这些制品不仅具有遮光功能，还具有良好的自动降温功能。
如图10所示，为本申请第一实施方式的制品，所述制品为伞20，包括立杆23、伞骨架22及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的伞面21，其中，所述伞骨架22设于所述立杆23，所述伞面21设于所述伞骨架22。从而，当太阳光照射于所述伞面21时，伞面21中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免伞面21积累过多的热量，并将伞面21表面及伞20的内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述伞面21的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
应予说明的是，本申请中“伞20的内部空间”是指伞20在使用过程中背离太阳光一侧的空间。
在一个或多个实施例中，伞20还包括太阳能电池板及风扇，太阳能电池板与风扇电连接。风扇设在位于伞面21内侧的立杆23，太阳能电池板设在位于伞面21外侧的立杆23。通过在伞面21的外侧设置太阳能电池板，当太阳光照射于太阳能电池板时，太阳能电池板吸收太阳光，并将太阳辐射能通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接或间接转换成电能，为风扇提供工作所需的电能。通过将风扇设在伞面21的内侧，启动风扇，可以将伞面21内侧的冷空气吹向使用者，增加空气流速，达到换热降温的效果，进一步提升使用者的舒适感。
在一个或多个实施例中，立杆23的一端位于伞面21的外侧，在位于伞面21外侧的立杆23端部设有太阳能电池板接口，通过导线连接太阳能电池板接口及风扇。应予说明的是，立杆23为中空结构，立杆23的中部设有风扇接口，该导线从立杆23的内部走线，导线的一端连接太阳能电池板接口，导线的另一端连接风扇接口。通过内藏的方式进行走线，这样避免导线外漏破损而引起的安全事故，并且也使得伞20整洁，使用更方便。
还应予说明的是，太阳能电池板可旋转地安装于伞面21外侧的立杆23，风扇可旋转地安装于伞面21内侧的立杆23，这样可以根据使用需求调节太阳能电池板及风扇的方向，实用性更高。
如图11和图12所示，为本申请第二实施方式的制品，所述制品为车罩30，包括固定件32及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的车罩体31，其中，所述固定件32设于所述车罩体31，所述固定件32用于将车罩体31固定在车体上。从而，固定件32可以将车罩体31固定贴紧于车体的表面，一方面，可以有效地阻隔外界热量以对流换热的方式进入车体内，减少车体内冷量的流出，另一方面，当太阳光照射于所述车罩体31时，车罩体31中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免车罩体31积累过多的热量，并将车罩体31表面及车体内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述车罩体31的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
在一个或多个实施例中，固定件32包括磁性吸附层321，磁性吸附层321层叠设于柔性基材层11与功能层12之间。磁性吸附层321能够将车罩体31吸附贴紧于车体的表面，避免车罩体31被大风刮走，并且，由于车罩体31吸附贴紧于车体的表面，可以减少车罩体31与车体表面之间的空气，避免在大风的作用下车罩体31拍打车体表面而使车体表面产生损伤。
应予说明的是，也可以采用静电吸附层、粘接层、真空吸附层等将车罩体31吸附紧贴于车体的表面。
在一个或多个实施例中，磁性吸附层321的厚度为7μm～12μm，以便于将车罩30吸附贴紧于车体的表面，也便于从车体上揭下该车罩30。
在一个或多个实施例中，固定件32还包括磁性体322，磁性体322位于车罩体31的边缘处。具体地，磁性体322可以为磁性条，磁性条间隔地设于车罩体31的边缘处；或者，磁性体322为软质的磁性条，软质的磁性条环绕于车罩体31的边缘处。通过设置磁性体322，可以将车罩体31牢固地吸附于车体。
在一个或多个实施例中，固定件32还可以为连接带和/或挂钩，当固定件32为连接带时，连接带的一端设于车罩体31上，连接带的另一端用于可拆卸地连接车轮。具体地，连接带远离车罩体31的一端设置有挂钩，通过挂钩将连接带连接在车轮上。或者，连接带远离车罩体31的一端设置有魔术贴，通过魔术贴将连接带连接在车轮上。当然，也可以将连接带系紧在车轮上。通过连接带可以将车罩牢固地安装在车体上，防止车罩30被风刮走。当然，当连接带远离车罩体31的一端设置有挂钩时，也可以通过挂钩将连接带连接在车体的下边缘处，或者后视镜处；当连接带远离车罩体31的一端设置有魔术贴时，也可以通过魔术贴将连接带连接在车体的后视镜处，当然，也可以将连接带直接系紧在后视镜处，连接带远离车罩体31的一端通过何种方式实现车罩体31与车体的连接可以根据使用需求进行设置，不以此为限。
应予说明的是，当车罩30为半罩体时，使用时，将车罩30对应罩设于驾驶室和后备箱的位置处。并且，在车罩30的边缘处缝制一圈吸铁石，使得车罩30紧贴于车体的表面。当车罩30为全罩体时，将车罩30全面覆盖于车体的表面。并且，在车罩30对应车门的位置处缝制吸铁石，便于将车罩30吸附紧贴于车门。
如图13至图19所示，为本申请第三实施方式的制品，所述制品为帐篷40，包括帐篷骨架42及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的外帐41，所述外帐41罩于所述帐篷骨架42外。从而，当太阳光照射于所述外帐41的表面时，外帐41中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免外帐41积累过多的热量，并将外帐41表面及帐篷40的内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述外帐41的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
应予说明的是，本申请中“帐篷40的内部空间”是指帐篷40在使用过程中背离户外一侧的空间。
在一个或多个实施例中，帐篷40还包括内衬帐43及底帐，内衬帐43设于外帐41的内侧，底帐位设于内衬帐43的底部，内衬帐43与帐篷骨架42连接。一般地，通过绳索、卡扣等将内衬帐43吊装于帐篷骨架42，外帐41覆盖于帐篷骨架42上，以使内衬帐43及外帐41之间具有一定的间隔。通过在外帐41的内侧设置内衬帐43，并且内衬帐43的底部设置底帐，以形成封闭空间，既具有较好的保温效果，又可以防止蚊虫。当然，也可以通过缝合或粘贴方式连接内衬帐43及外帐41，再将其共同罩设于帐篷骨架42上，以便于帐篷40的折叠或开启。
在一个或多个实施例中，内衬帐43可以为涤纶牛津布，使得帐篷40结实可靠，同时防风、防雨及防晒，满足普通户外帐篷40的使用要求。当然，内衬帐43也可以为网布，例如B3网布，网布的透气性良好，质地轻，便于收纳携带，同时也能够使帐篷40具有透气性、防蚊虫的功能。
在一个或多个实施例中，帐篷40还包括可拆部44，可拆部44可拆卸地连接于外帐41，或者可拆部44可拆卸地连接于内衬帐43露出于外帐41的部分。应予说明的是，可拆部44设于遮阳帐篷40穹顶结构的位置，可拆部44的平面形状为方形。
在一个或多个实施例中，可拆部44由所述的辐射制冷面料制成。通过设置可拆部44，能够增强帐篷40辐射降温效果，并且使用灵活，便于更换。
在一个或多个实施例中，可拆部44通过拉链、魔术贴、钮扣、绳结等方式可拆卸连接于外帐41，或可拆卸地连接于内衬帐43露出于外帐41的部分。
在一个或多个实施例中，帐篷40还可以包括门体49，外账41的侧面设有开口，门体49设于开口处。具体地，门体49可以采用卷帘形式遮挡，还可以采用翻盖形式遮挡，以方便进出帐篷。当然，门体49还可以包括窗体。
在一个或多个实施例中，帐篷40还包括供电组件45、传感器46、告警器47及控制器48，传感器46、告警器47及控制器48分别与供电组件45电连接，控制器48分别与传感器46、告警器47电连接，以满足帐篷40的多功能需求。在本实施方式中，供电组件45为太阳能柔性电池，太阳能柔性电池设于帐篷40的外表面。
在一个或多个实施例中，传感器46为温度传感器46、距离传感器46、烟雾传感器46中的一种或多种。应予说明的是，温度传感器46可以监测帐篷40的温度，以实时感知帐篷40内的实际温度；距离传感器46可以检测是否有野兽或者其他异物靠近帐篷40；烟雾传感器46可以检测帐篷40内外是否发生火灾。告警器47可以进行声光等形式的报警，以提醒帐篷40内人员出现危险状况，或者通过警报吓退野兽。
如图20至图24所示，为本申请第四实施方式的制品，所述制品为帽子50，包括所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帽体51，所述帽体51用于容纳头部的腔体。从而，当太阳光照射于所述帽体51时，帽体51中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免帽体51积累过多的热量，并将帽体51表面及腔体的内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述帽体51的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
在一个或多个实施例中，帽体51设有透气孔511，透气孔511从腔体的内壁延伸至腔体的外壁。应予说明的是，帽体51设有透气孔511，透气孔511可以设有一个，也可以设有多个；若透气孔511为多个，则多个透气孔511相对设置。通过设置透气孔511，可以使腔体的内部空间的热量散发到外界环境中， 以实现腔体的内部空间的空气流通，进一步降低腔体的内部空间的温度。
在一个或多个实施例中，帽子50还包括遮阳帘52，遮阳帘52位于腔体的开口端，使用时，遮阳帘52垂设于使用者的颈部，这样能够避免阳光直射颈部，防止使用者的颈部被晒伤。进一步地，遮阳帘52由所述的辐射制冷面料制成，从而，当太阳光照射于遮阳帘52时，遮阳帘52中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免遮阳帘52积累过多的热量，并将遮阳帘52表面的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，降低使用者颈部的温度，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述遮阳帘52的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱，可以根据使用需求进行折叠，便于收纳和携带。
在一个或多个实施例中，遮阳帘52包括安装板521及设于安装板521边缘的帘本体522，安装板521设有与帽子50相适配的安装孔5211。使用时，通过安装孔5211将安装板521卡设于帽子50的顶部，使得拆装简易，使用灵活。
在一个或多个实施例中，帽子50还包括收纳袋53，收纳袋53设于遮阳帘52。通过在遮阳帘52的表面设置收纳袋53，这样可以将折叠后的遮阳帘52放置于收纳袋53中，收纳方便、便于携带。
在一个或多个实施例中，帽子50也可以包括降温袋54，降温袋54设于帽子50内表面对应于使用者后脑的位置处。具体地，通过卡扣、拉链等将降温袋54可拆卸地设于帽子50的内表面。同时，降温袋54内可以加入冰块、冰袋或其他相变物质为头部降温，冰块、冰袋或其他相变物质的融化、蒸发也会吸取头部的热量，长时间给头部降温。当然，不放入冰块、冰袋或其他相变物质时，降温袋54仍遮住颈部，减少太阳辐射产生的热量。
在一个或多个实施例中，帽子50还包括颜料，颜料可分散于功能层12中，具体可以分散于第一功能层121或第二功能层122或第三功能层123中。通过在功能层12中添加颜料，便于对帽子50进行分类，也便于使用者识别自己的帽子50。
如图25所示，为本申请第五实施方式的制品，所述制品为窗帘60，包括所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帘体，所述帘体形成窗帘60的一部分。从而，当太阳光照射于所述帘体时，帘体中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免帘体积累过多的热量，并将帘体表面及建筑的内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述帘体的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱，可以根据使用需求进行折叠，便于收纳。
如图26所示，为本申请第六实施方式的制品，所述制品为遮阳篷70，包括遮阳篷骨架71及所述的辐射制冷面料制成的篷面72，所述篷面72罩于所述遮阳篷骨架71外。从而，当太阳光照射于所述篷面72时，篷面72中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免篷面72积累过多的热量，并将篷面72表面及遮阳篷70的内部空间的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述篷面72的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
应予说明的是，本申请中“遮阳篷70的内部空间”是指遮阳篷70在使用过程中背离太阳光一侧的空间。
如图27所述，为本申请第七实施方式的制品，所述制品为服装80，包括由所述的辐射制冷面料制成的布面81，具体可以为胸部面布、背部面布以及肩部布面等，从而，当太阳光照射于所述面布81时，面布81中的功能层12可以反射太阳光，避免布面81积累过多的热量，并将布面81表面及服装80的内部空间(例如：人体)的热量以红外辐射方式通过大气窗口发射，实现零能耗降温，提升使用者的舒适感。同时，所述面布81的抗皱性能良好，反复折叠使用，表面不易产生褶皱。
【实施例1】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的防水层、柔性基材层、界面剂层、第一功能层以及疏水层。防水层为厚度10μm的丙烯酸树脂，柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，界面剂层为厚度10μm的聚氨酯树脂，第一功能层的厚度为30μm，第一功能层包括85wt％的环氧树脂、10wt％的二氧化钛(粒径5μm)、3wt％的氮化硅(粒径1μm)以及2wt％的助剂，疏水层为厚度10μm的含氟树脂。
【实施例2】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的防水层、柔性基材层、第一功能层以及疏水层。防水层为厚度20μm的聚氨酯树脂，柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶织布，第一功能层的厚度为60μm，第一功能层包括88wt％的聚酰亚胺、5wt％的碳酸钙(粒径3μm)、3wt％的二氧化硅(粒径5μm)以及4wt％的助剂， 疏水层为厚度10μm的含氟树脂。
【实施例3】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层、界面剂层、第一功能层以及疏水层。柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，界面剂层为厚度20μm的环氧树脂，第一功能层的厚度为10μm，第一功能层包括80wt％的环烯烃聚合物、9wt％的硫酸钡(粒径2μm)、9wt％的碳化硅(粒径7μm)以及2wt％的助剂，疏水层为厚度20μm的有机硅树脂。
【实施例4】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，第一功能层的厚度为200μm，第一功能层包括76wt％的聚酯树脂、10wt％的氧化锌铝(粒径1μm)、10wt％的二氧化硅(粒径8μm)以及4wt％的助剂。
【实施例5】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层为厚度2mm的棉布，第一功能层的厚度为150μm，第一功能层包括80wt％的聚氨酯树脂、6wt％的氧化铟锡(粒径0.01μm)、12wt％的二氧化钛(粒径6μm)以及2wt％的助剂。
【实施例6】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层为厚度0.3mm的锦纶布料，第一功能层的厚度为100μm，第一功能层包括90wt％的丙烯酸树脂、4wt％的氧化铟锡(粒径3μm)、4wt％的碳酸钙(粒径15μm)以及2wt％的助剂。
【实施例7】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层包括厚度0.5mm的涤纶布料以及涂布在涤纶布料两面厚度为20μm的聚氯乙烯树脂，第一功能层的厚度为80μm，第一功能层包括88wt％的有机硅树脂、8wt％的铯钨青铜(粒径2μm)、3wt％的氮化硅(粒径10μm)以及1wt％的助剂。
【实施例8】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层包括厚度0.5mm的涤纶布料以及涂布在涤纶布料两面厚度为20μm的聚氨酯树脂，第一功能层的厚度为120μm，第一功能层包括85wt％的丙烯酸树脂、6wt％的硫酸钡(粒径3μm)、6wt％的碳酸钙(粒径15μm)以及3wt％的助剂。
【实施例9】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及第一功能层。柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，第一功能层的厚度为100μm，第一功能层包括90wt％的有机硅树脂、5wt％的二氧化钛(粒径2μm)、3wt％的碳酸钙(粒径10μm)以及2wt％的助剂。
【对比例1】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及功能层。柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，功能层的厚度为250μm，功能层包括90wt％的有机硅树脂、5wt％的二氧化钛(粒径2μm)、3wt％的碳酸钙(粒径10μm)以及2wt％的助剂。
【对比例2】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的柔性基材层以及功能层。柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，功能层的厚度为5μm，功能层包括70wt％的有机硅树脂、14wt％的二氧化钛(粒径2μm)、14wt％的碳酸钙(粒径10μm)以及2wt％的助剂。
【对比例3】
提供一辐射制冷面料，包括依次设置的防水层、柔性基材层、界面剂层、功能层以及疏水层。防水层为厚度25μm的丙烯酸树脂，柔性基材层为厚度1mm的涤纶布料，界面剂层为厚度25μm的聚氨酯树脂，功能层的厚度为200μm，功能层包括85wt％的环氧树脂、10wt％的二氧化钛(粒径5μm)、3wt％的氮化硅(粒径1μm)以及2wt％的其他助剂，疏水层为厚度25μm的含氟树脂。
测量以上各实施例以及对比例的辐射制冷面料在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率以及在7μm～14μm 波段的发射率。测试结果见表1。
测量以上各实施例以及对比例的辐射制冷面料的抗皱性。按照GB/T3819-1997标准测试织物的折皱回复性能。在剪取试样之前将试样在标准条件(温度20±3℃，相对湿度65±5％)下放置24h，使用国产YG(B)541D型织物折皱弹性仪，在面料的经纬向做上标记，沿试样宽度方向离布边5cm处剪取一块40mm×15mm形状为“凸”字的试样。按照规定对折试样，在10N的压力下静置1分钟，机器自动测量试样弹起的缓弹性角(释重5min后)，经纬方向各测5次，求得平均值，折皱回复角越大，织物的抗皱性越好。测试结果见表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020101230-appb-000001
从实施例9与对比例1的回复角数据可以看出，当功能层的厚度超过200μm时，面料的抗皱性能有明显的下降，而功能层的反射率以及发射率随着厚度的增加逐渐趋于稳定。也即，当功能层的厚度达到200μm左右时，继续增加功能层的厚度并不会提高功能层的反射以及辐射制冷能力，反而会致使面料的抗皱变差。
从实施例9与对比例2的回复角数据可以看出，当功能层中的填料超过20％时，即使功能层的厚度较薄，也会导致面料的抗皱性变差。
从实施例1与对比例3的回复角数据可以看出，当辐射制冷面料中的各层的厚度超过一定值时，面料的抗皱性变差。
以下提供辐射制冷面料的第一个应用案例：
(1)提供一如图28所示的不锈钢材质的展示屋A，其长宽高分别为5m、4m、3m，展示屋的一侧墙面具有玻璃窗，玻璃窗的尺寸为2.5m×2m，在展示屋的玻璃窗的内侧装上实施例6制得的辐射制冷面料，辐射制冷面料的面积为5m 2，将展示屋A放置在室外空旷的地方，采用带有数据记录仪的热电偶测量和记录展示屋A内正中间位置测温点b1的温度变化，见图29中曲线b。
(2)提供一不锈钢材料的展示屋B，其与展示屋A的材质、尺寸、结构、形状均相同，不同之处在于展示屋B的玻璃窗上设置普通遮光帘(厚度为1mm的涤纶布料)，普通遮光帘的面积为5m 2，将展示屋B放置在与展示屋环境一致的地方，采用带有数据记录仪的热电偶测量和记录展示屋B内正中间位置测温点a1的温度变化，见图11中曲线a。
在步骤(1)、(2)进行测量的同时，还测试当时户外的环境温度以及太阳辐照量，见图29中的环境温度曲线c以及太阳辐照量曲线d。对比图29的各曲线可以看出，同一时间段内，展示屋B内的温度比户外温度最高可高出20℃，而展示屋A内的温度比展示屋B内的温度最多可低6℃，说明辐射制冷面料具有较好的自动降温效果，能够降低室内温度，提高室内的舒适度，且节能环保。
以下提供辐射制冷面料的第二个应用案例：
提供如图30所示的三辆相同品牌相同型号的汽车C、D、E，将三辆汽车停放在环境一致的地方，在汽车C外罩上普通面料(厚度为1mm的涤纶布料)制成的车罩，在汽车D外罩上实施例8制得的辐射制冷面料制成的车罩，在汽车E外不设置车罩，在汽车C、D、E的驾驶舱正中间位置分别设置测温点e1、g1、f1，用带有数据记录仪的热电偶测量和记录各汽车测温点的温度变化，测量结果分别见图31中曲线e、 g、f。在测量车内温度的同时，还测试当时户外的环境温度以及太阳辐照量，见图31中的环境温度曲线h以及太阳辐照量曲线j。对比图31的曲线可以看出，设置了辐射制冷面料车罩的汽车内温度最低，同一时间段，D与C的最大温差可达到20℃，D与E的最大温差可达30℃。使用辐射制冷面料制备车罩可以大幅降低车内温度，解决太阳暴晒下驻车升温问题，有利于延长汽车寿命，提高使用安全性，增加汽车内部舒适度。
以下提供辐射制冷面料的第三个应用案例：
提供如图32所示的大小、形状、款式均相同的帐篷H和帐篷J，其中帐篷H的外帐采用实施例9制备的辐射制冷面料，帐篷J的外帐采用普通面料(厚度为1mm的涤纶布料)，将帐篷H和J放置在环境一致的地方，测试帐篷H和J内屏正中间位置m1、k1的温度变化，测量结果分别见图33中曲线m、k，在测量帐篷内温度的同时，还测试当时户外的环境温度以及太阳辐照量，见图33中的环境温度曲线n以及太阳辐照量曲线p。对比图33的各曲线可以发现，同一时间段，H与J的最大温差可达20℃，采用辐射制冷面料制作帐篷具有明显的自动降温效果，能够降低帐篷内部温度，提高帐篷内的舒适度。
【实施例10】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的PET树脂，在树脂干燥前，向PET树脂表面均匀喷洒一层平均粒径为10μm的钛白粉，干燥PET树脂，得到第一功能层和第二功能层。
(3)在钛白粉上涂覆20μm厚的PET树脂，然后干燥PET树脂，得到第三功能层。
【实施例11】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的聚丙烯酸(PAA)树脂，在树脂干燥前，向聚丙烯酸(PAA)树脂表面均匀喷洒一层平均粒径为20μm的滑石粉，干燥聚丙烯酸(PAA)树脂，得到第一功能层和第二功能层。
(3)在滑石粉上涂覆10μm厚的聚丙烯酸(PAA)树脂，然后干燥聚丙烯酸(PAA)树脂，得到第三功能层。
【实施例12】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，在树脂干燥前，向聚氨酯树脂表面均匀喷洒一层平均粒径为30μm的二氧化硅，干燥聚氨酯树脂，得到第一功能层和第二功能层。
(3)在二氧化硅上涂覆10μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，然后干燥聚氨酯树脂，得到第三功能层。
【实施例13】
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的PET树脂，该PET树脂层中混合有体积分数为10％的平均粒径为10μm二氧化硅，在树脂干燥前，向该PET树脂表面均匀喷洒一层平均粒径为30μm的钛白粉，干燥该PET树脂，得到第一功能层和第二功能层。
(3)在钛白粉上涂覆10μm厚的PET树脂，该PET树脂层中混合有体积分数为5％的平均粒径为6μm的二氧化硅，然后干燥PET树脂，得到第三功能层。
【实施例14】
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的PET树脂，该PET树脂中混合有体积分数为15％的平均粒径为10μm的钛白粉，在树脂干燥前，向PET树脂表面均匀喷洒一层平均粒径为30μm的二氧化硅，干燥该PET树脂，得到第一功能层和第二功能层。
(3)在二氧化硅上涂覆10μm厚的PET树脂，该PET树脂中混合有体积分数为12％的珠光粉，然后干燥该PET树脂，得到第三功能层。
【对比例4】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆50μm厚的PET树脂，PET树脂中分散有平均粒径为10μm的二氧化硅，二氧化硅在树脂中的质量分数为30％。
(3)然后干燥PET树脂。
【对比例5】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆100μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，聚氨酯树脂中分散有平均粒径为10μm的钛白粉，钛白粉在树脂中的质量分数为25％。
(3)然后干燥聚氨酯树脂。
【对比例6】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的聚氨酯树脂并干燥，然后采用磁控溅射的方法在该聚氨酯树脂层表面镀上一层厚度为20nm的氧化铝层。
(3)在氧化铝层上涂覆10μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，该聚氨酯树脂层中混合有体积分数为5％的平均粒径为6μm的二氧化硅，然后干燥聚氨酯树脂。
【对比例7】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的聚氨酯树脂并干燥，然后采用磁控溅射的方法在该聚氨酯树脂层表面镀氧化铝层，每层氧化铝层的厚度为20nm，共10层。
(3)在氧化铝层上涂覆10μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，该聚氨酯树脂层中混合有体积分数为5％的平均粒径为6μm的二氧化硅，然后干燥聚氨酯树脂。
【对比例8】
制备辐射制冷面料：
(1)提供一柔性基材层，其包括涤纶织布以及涂覆在涤纶织布两面的聚氯乙烯树脂，涤纶织布的厚度为1mm，涤纶织布两侧的树脂涂布层的厚度均为10μm。
(2)在柔性基材层上涂覆20μm厚的聚氨酯树脂并干燥，该聚氨酯树脂中混合有体积分数为15％的平均粒径为10μm的钛白粉。然后采用磁控溅射的方法在该聚氨酯树脂层表面镀氧化铝层，每层氧化铝层的厚度为20nm，共10层。
(3)在氧化铝层上涂覆10μm厚的聚氨酯树脂，该聚氨酯树脂层中混合有体积分数为5％的平均粒径为6μm的二氧化硅，然后干燥聚氨酯树脂。
测试以上各实施例以及对比例的在7μm～14μm波段的发射率以及在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率，测试结果见表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2020101230-appb-000002
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，其包括层叠设置的柔性基材层和功能层，所述功能层包括第一功能层，所述第一功能层的厚度为10μm～200μm，所述第一功能层包括第一功能树脂以及分散于所述第一功能树脂中的第一功能填料，所述第一功能填料在所述第一功能层中的质量分数为1％～20％，所述辐射制冷面料在7μm～14μm波段的发射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料在300nm～2500nm波段的反射率不低于80％，所述辐射制冷面料的径向回复角的平均值≥95°，纬向回复角的平均值≥91°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述第一功能填料包括第一填料和第二填料，所述第一填料的粒径大于等于0.01μm小于5μm，所述第二填料的粒径大于等于5μm小于等于15μm，所述第一填料和所述第二填料的质量之比为1:4～4:1；或者，所述第一填料和所述第二填料各自独立地选自铯钨青铜、氧化锡锑、氧化铟锡、氧化锌铝、二氧化硅、碳化硅、二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氮化硅中的一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述功能层还包括第二功能层，所述第一功能层设置于所述柔性基材层上，所述第二功能层设置于所述第一功能层远离所述柔性基材层的表面，所述第二功能层由第二功能填料固定铺设于所述第一功能层的表面形成，所述第一功能层的厚度为10μm～30μm，所述第二功能填料的粒径为1μm～40μm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述第二功能填料的粒径为所述第一功能层的厚度的0.5倍～1.5倍；或者，所述第二功能填料的用量为10g/m 2～200g/m 2；或者，所述第二功能填料选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述功能层还包括第三功能层，所述第三功能层设于所述第二功能层远离所述第一功能层的表面，所述第三功能层包括第二功能树脂，所述第三功能层的厚度为10μm～30μm。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述第三功能层中还包括有第三功能填料，所述第三功能填料选自陶瓷粉、钛白粉、玻璃微珠、二氧化硅、重钙粉、硫酸钡、滑石粉、硫酸锌、硅酸铝、重钙粉、珠光粉、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化铈、氧化镧、氧化铑、氧化镁中的一种或几种，所述第三功能填料的粒径为4μm～20μm。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述第一功能树脂和所述第二功能树脂各自独立地选自聚酰亚胺、环烯烃聚合物、环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂、含氟树脂中的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述柔性基材层的厚度为300μm～2mm，所述柔性基材层包括布料层以及涂覆于所述布料层一面或双面的树脂涂布层，所述树脂涂布层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述布料层的材料选自涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、丝、棉、麻中的一种或多种的混纺，所述树脂涂布层的材料选自聚氯乙烯树脂、丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述柔性基材层与所述功能层之间还设有界面剂层，所述界面剂层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述界面剂层的材料选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂和环氧树脂中的一种或多种。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述柔性基材层在远离所述功能层的一侧还设有防水层，所述防水层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述防水层的材料选自丙烯酸树脂、聚氨酯和环氧树脂中的一种或多种，所述防水层在400nm～700nm可见光范围内的透射率≥80％。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述辐射制冷面料还包括疏水层，所述疏水层设置在所述功能层远离所述柔性基材层的一侧，所述疏水层的厚度为1μm～20μm，所述疏水层的材料选自含氟树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或多种，所述疏水层中分散有纳米级的二氧化硅颗粒，所述二氧化硅颗粒在所述疏水层中的质量分数为0.5％～5％，所述疏水层对7μm～14μm波段红外线的透射率≥80％。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射制冷面料，其特征在于，所述辐射制冷面料还包括耐候层，所述耐候层设置在所述功能层远离所述柔性基材层的一侧，所述耐候层的材料选自含氟树脂、环氧树脂、聚酯、聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂、有机硅树脂中的一种或几种，所述耐候层的厚度为10μm～50μm。
  13. 一种制品，其特征在于，所述制品由权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为伞，包括立杆、伞骨架及权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的伞面，其中，所述伞骨架设于所述立杆，所述伞面设于所述伞骨架。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为车罩，包括固定件及权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的车罩体，其中，所述固定件设于所述车罩体，所述固定件用于将车罩体固定于车体上。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为帐篷，包括帐篷骨架及权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的外帐，所述外帐罩于所述帐篷骨架外。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为帽子，包括权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帽体，所述帽体形成供头部放置的腔体。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为窗帘，包括权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的帘体，所述帘体形成窗帘的一部分。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为室外遮阳篷，包括遮阳篷骨架及权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的篷面，所述篷面罩于所述遮阳篷骨架外。
  20. 根据权利要求13所述的制品，其特征在于，所述制品为服装，包括权利要求1～12任一项所述的辐射制冷面料制成的面布。
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