WO2021082529A1 - 一种摄像头模组及终端 - Google Patents

一种摄像头模组及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082529A1
WO2021082529A1 PCT/CN2020/102485 CN2020102485W WO2021082529A1 WO 2021082529 A1 WO2021082529 A1 WO 2021082529A1 CN 2020102485 W CN2020102485 W CN 2020102485W WO 2021082529 A1 WO2021082529 A1 WO 2021082529A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
camera module
lens group
fixed
circuit board
lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/102485
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冉坤
姚秀文
罗振东
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2021082529A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082529A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/12—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1684—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
    • G06F1/1686—Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675 the I/O peripheral being an integrated camera
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0264—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a camera module assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to a camera module and terminal.
  • the current autofocus implementation adopts an independent motor design, and the autofocus is completed by the action of the independent motor to drive the lens (lens).
  • the size of the lens is increased, and a larger size is required.
  • the motor increases the size of the module, which is not conducive to the application of the large target surface module in mobile products such as mobile phones.
  • the present invention provides a design method for the miniaturization and simplicity of the camera module.
  • an independent dedicated motor is usually used to drive the entire lens to complete optical focusing; however, in this way, the independent dedicated motor occupies a larger space, making the camera module unable to be miniaturized; in addition, as the chip size continues to increase, The size of the corresponding dedicated motor also needs to be increased simultaneously, which increases the size of the outsole module, which is not conducive to the use of mobile terminals such as mobile phones.
  • This application provides a camera module and a terminal to facilitate the adjustment of the camera module.
  • a camera module is provided, the camera module is applied to a terminal, the camera module includes a fixed lens group and an adjustable lens group, wherein the fixed lens group and the adjustable lens group along the camera module The axis of the group is stacked, and the adjustable lens group and the fixed lens group are coaxial during setting.
  • the adjustable lens group when the adjustable lens group is set, the adjustable lens group can slide relative to the fixed lens group along the axis of the camera module; thus, the focal length of the camera module can be adjusted by adjusting the adjustable lens group;
  • the camera module also includes a shape memory alloy wire that drives the adjustable lens group to slide relative to the fixed lens group.
  • the adjustable lens group When the camera module is focused, there is no need to drive the entire lens to move, only the adjustable lens group needs to be driven. , Thereby reducing the weight of the lens group that needs to be adjusted when adjusting the camera module. In addition, it can also reduce the power of the shape memory alloy wire. You only need to select a smaller shape memory alloy wire to complete the focusing, thereby reducing the camera module volume of.
  • the shape memory alloy wire is arranged between the adjustable lens group and the fixed lens group, and the fixed lens group, the shape memory alloy wire, and the adjustable lens group Stacked along the axial direction of the camera module. In turn, the space area occupied by the entire camera module is reduced, and the aperture of the camera module can also be increased.
  • the shape memory alloy wire is fixed to the fixed lens group, and the adjustable lens group is connected to the fixed lens group through the shape memory alloy wire.
  • the connection between the fixed lens group and the adjustable lens group is realized by the shape memory alloy wire.
  • it further includes a spring plate, the adjustable lens group and the fixed lens group are connected by the spring plate, and the spring plate provides elastic force for the adjustable lens group to return to the initial position.
  • the adjustable lens group includes a first lens barrel, and one or more first lenses fixed in the first lens barrel, and the one or more first lenses It is arranged coaxially with the axis of the camera module. The weight of the lens group driven by the shape memory alloy wire is reduced.
  • the multiple first lenses are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the camera module. You can choose different ways to divide the lens group into a fixed lens group and an adjustable lens group according to your needs.
  • the fixed lens group includes a second lens barrel, and a plurality of second lenses fixed in the second lens barrel, and the plurality of second lenses and the camera module The axis of the group is set coaxially.
  • the camera module further includes: a circuit board, an image sensor electrically connected to the circuit board, and a bracket encapsulating the image sensor, and a filter is provided on the bracket
  • the image sensor and the filter are arranged coaxially with the axis of the camera module
  • the fixed lens group is fixedly connected to the bracket
  • the shape memory alloy wire is electrically connected to the circuit board . Power is supplied to the shape memory alloy wire through the circuit board.
  • the fixed lens group and the bracket are provided with an electrically connected metal layer, and the shape memory alloy wire is electrically connected to the circuit board through the metal layer.
  • the camera module further includes a substrate, and the circuit board and the image sensor are fixed on the substrate. The entire camera assembly is supported by the substrate.
  • the shape memory alloy wire includes: a shape memory alloy wire respectively connected to the fixed lens group and the adjustable lens group.
  • the drive of the adjustable lens group is realized by the shape memory alloy wire.
  • a method for manufacturing a camera module includes the following steps: fixing the image sensor on the circuit board; assembling the cover, and adhering the side wall of the filter to the side wall of the mounting hole on the bracket Connecting; sealingly connect the cover body and the circuit board, and the bracket in the cover body surrounds the image sensor to seal the image sensor through the cover body; assembling the lens, the adjustable lens group and the fixed lens group are assembled into a lens through a shape memory alloy wire , And then fixedly connect the fixed lens group with the bracket.
  • the lens of the camera module is divided into two parts.
  • the adjustable lens group When the camera module is focused, it is not necessary to drive the entire lens to move, only the adjustable lens group needs to be driven, thereby reducing the adjustment of the camera module.
  • the weight of the lens group that needs to be adjusted during grouping can also reduce the power of the shape memory alloy wire. You only need to select a smaller shape memory alloy wire to complete the focusing, thereby reducing the volume of the camera module.
  • the assembling of the lens further includes: assembling an elastic member between the fixed lens group and the adjustable lens group. Improve the recovery effect of the adjustable lens group.
  • it further includes a metal layer that is electrically connected to the fixed lens group and the bracket, and the shape memory alloy wire is electrically connected to the circuit board through the metal layer. Realize the power supply to the shape memory alloy wire.
  • a terminal in a third aspect, includes a housing and the camera module according to any one of the above fixed in the housing.
  • the lens of the camera module is divided into two parts. When the camera module is focused, there is no need to drive the entire lens to move, only the adjustable lens group needs to be driven. , Thereby reducing the weight of the lens group that needs to be adjusted when adjusting the camera module. In addition, it can also reduce the power of the shape memory alloy wire. You only need to select a smaller shape memory alloy wire to complete the focusing, thereby reducing the camera module volume of.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another camera module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a working state of the camera module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another working state of the camera module provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the camera module provided in the embodiments of this application is applied to a terminal, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook. Common terminals such as computers.
  • a terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook.
  • Common terminals such as computers.
  • the camera module is applied to the terminal, it is used to provide the camera function of the terminal.
  • a mobile phone is used as an example for description.
  • the camera module can be used as a front camera module or a rear camera module, but the principle is the same whether it is a front camera module or a rear camera module. Take the camera module as an example for description. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the camera module 10 as a rear camera module 10 assembled in a mobile phone.
  • the mobile phone includes a housing 20 and any of the above items fixed in the housing 20.
  • the lens of the camera module 10 is exposed on the surface of the mobile phone.
  • the camera module 10 collects images for shooting.
  • the space for accommodating the camera module 10 in the mobile phone is getting smaller and smaller. Therefore, the camera module 10 needs to be miniaturized. For this reason, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the camera module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the camera module 10 shown in FIG. 3 at least includes a main body 11 and a lens connected to the main body 11; wherein the lens is used to capture Light, and the main body 11 is used to convert light signals into electrical signals and form images.
  • the lens includes an adjustable lens group 12 and a fixed lens group 13, and the adjustable lens group 12 and the fixed lens group 13 are stacked on the main body 11 and connected to the main body 11; when in use, external light can pass through
  • the main body 11 uses the sensed light as an optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal to form an image.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure at A-A in FIG. 3, wherein the schematic diagram of the structure at A-A refers to a schematic diagram of the camera module cut along the direction indicated by A-A in FIG. 3.
  • the main body 11 in FIG. 4 will be explained.
  • the main body 11 of the camera module 10 may include a substrate 113, and a circuit board 114 and an image sensor 116 disposed on the substrate 113.
  • the substrate 113 is used as a carrier.
  • two opposite surfaces of the substrate 113 are named: the first surface and the second surface.
  • the first surface is the surface of the substrate 113 for supporting the device
  • the second The surface is the surface where the substrate 113 is connected to other structures of the terminal.
  • the second surface can also be used to carry the device.
  • the device can be selected to be installed on the first surface or the second surface as required.
  • the circuit board 114 is set, as shown in FIG. 4, the circuit board 114 is fixed on the first surface of the substrate 113.
  • threaded connectors bolts or screws
  • buckles and other connectors can be used, or Connection methods such as welding and bonding.
  • circuit board 114 When the circuit board 114 is specifically selected, different types of circuit boards 114 can be selected, such as a printed circuit board 114, or different types of circuit boards 114 such as a single-sided circuit board 114 and a double-sided circuit board 114 can be used.
  • the image sensor 116 uses the photoelectric conversion function of the photoelectric device to divide the light image on the light-receiving surface into many small units and convert it into a functional device that can be used as an electrical signal.
  • the image sensor 116 may adopt different types of image sensors 116 such as a light guide tube and a solid-state image sensor 116. 4, when the image sensor 116 is set, the image sensor 116 is fixed on the first surface of the substrate 113, and a hollow structure is provided on the circuit board 114 to accommodate the image sensor 116. When the image sensor 116 is fixed on the first surface of the substrate 113, the image sensor 116 can be fixed on the circuit board 114 by common fixing processes such as bonding and welding.
  • the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 116 faces away from the circuit board 114, so that the light-receiving surface faces the lens, and the light incident from the lens can directly illuminate the image sensor 116.
  • the two are also electrically connected.
  • the image sensor 116 is electrically connected by a metal flying wire, and the image sensor 116 is electrically connected.
  • the converted electrical signal can be transmitted to the circuit board 114 through the metal flying lead, and transmitted to the processor of the terminal through the circuit board 114.
  • a surface mount component 115 is also provided on the first surface of the circuit board 114.
  • a surface mount component 115 is provided on both sides of the image sensor 116.
  • the setting position and the number are only an example, and the specific number and the setting position of the surface mount component 115 are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the surface mount component 115 may be different electrical devices, such as inductors, capacitors, or other electrical devices. It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the surface mount component 115 is an optional component, and a different number of surface mount components 115 can be provided on the circuit board 114 as required, or no surface mount component 115 can be provided.
  • the main body 11 of the camera module 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a cover for sealing the image sensor 116 to prevent dust from falling on the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 116.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a specific cover structure, which includes a bracket 111 and a filter 112. Wherein, the bracket 111 shown in FIG. 4 is a shell structure. Refer to the structure shown in the dotted line in FIG. 3 together.
  • the dotted line shows the frame outline of the invisible part of the camera module 10.
  • the bracket 111 is a structure with two ends open, which includes four side walls and a bottom wall, and a mounting hole matching the filter 112 is provided on the bottom wall ( Figure 4), the side of the bracket 111 opposite to the bottom wall is an opening.
  • the bracket 111 is connected to the circuit board 114, one side of the opening of the bracket 111 is covered on the first surface of the circuit board 114, and the surface mount component 115 and the image sensor 116 are covered in the bracket 111.
  • the bracket 111 is fixed on the circuit board 114, the bracket 111 is also sealed and connected to the circuit board 114.
  • a circle of adhesive glue is coated on the circuit board 114, and the bracket 111 and the circuit board 114 are bonded and connected by the adhesive glue.
  • the above-mentioned adhesive only exemplifies a specific connection method. In the embodiment of the present application, other methods may also be used for connection and sealing.
  • the material of the bracket 111 different materials can be selected according to needs, such as a metal material or a plastic material. Taking the metal material as an example, it can be made of different materials such as aluminum, steel, and alloy steel.
  • the cover provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a filter 112, which is arranged in the mounting hole.
  • the mounting hole is a stepped hole, and the stepped hole is located in the image
  • the upper side of the sensor 116 is in the X direction as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the stepped hole is circular, and the shape of the corresponding filter 112 is also circular, but the specific embodiment of the filter 112 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the filter 112 may adopt a symmetrical or asymmetrical shape such as a square, an ellipse, and a special shape.
  • the filter 112 should be able to ensure that the vertical projection of the filter 112 on the plane where the light-receiving surface is located can cover the light-receiving surface, so that light can pass through the filter 112 and irradiate the light-receiving surface.
  • the filter 112 is circular, the axis of the filter 112 and the axis of the image sensor 116 are the same axis, and the axis is also coaxial with the axis of the lens in the above lens, and the axis is also the camera module 10 ⁇ The axis.
  • a hole with a smaller diameter in the stepped hole is close to the image sensor 116, and a hole with a larger diameter is far away from the image sensor 116, and the stepped surface in the stepped hole serves as a supporting surface for supporting the filter 112.
  • the filter 112 is placed in the mounting hole, the filter 112 is placed in the hole with a larger diameter and the filter 112 is supported by the supporting surface, and the side wall of the filter 112 is aligned with the side wall of the step hole Bonded connection.
  • the diameter of the larger diameter hole in the step hole is larger than the diameter of the filter 112.
  • the sidewall of the step hole and the side of the filter 112 There is a certain gap between the walls, and adhesive glue is filled in the gap to bond and fix the filter 112 and the support 111, and seal the filter 112 and the support 111.
  • the bracket 111 in the cover and the filter 112 are assembled together, and then the entire cover is connected to the circuit board 114.
  • the cover first place the filter 112 in the step hole, and then apply adhesive glue.
  • the gap between the side wall of the step hole and the side wall of the filter 112 is filled with the adhesive glue, thereby
  • the filter 112 is fixed in the stepped hole, and the filter 112 and the bracket 111 are sealed by adhesive glue.
  • the bracket 111 is fixed on the circuit board 114 and connected to the circuit board 114 by adhesive glue, and after the cover body is fixed, the image sensor 116 is sealed on the circuit board 114 and the circuit board 114.
  • the image sensor 116 In the space enclosed by the cover, dust is prevented from falling on the image sensor 116. In addition, because there is no direct contact between the cover and the image sensor 116 (the side wall and top of the bracket 111 and the filter 112 and the image sensor 116 are separated by a certain gap), the image sensor 116 will not be contaminated during the assembly process. , The security of the image sensor 116 is improved.
  • the thickness of the bottom wall can be relatively thin.
  • the height of the bracket 111 can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the height of the entire main body 11, and thus the height of the entire camera module 10 is reduced.
  • the camera module 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a lens, and the lens is divided into two parts: a fixed lens group 13 and an adjustable lens group 12.
  • the fixed lens group 13 and the adjustable lens group 12 are stacked along the axis of the camera module 10, and the fixed lens is located on the side close to the main body 11, and the adjustable lens group 12 is located on the side far away from the main body 11. side.
  • the fixed lens and the adjustable lens group 12 are respectively described below.
  • the fixed lens includes a second lens barrel 131 and a plurality of second lenses fixed in the second lens barrel 131.
  • the second lens barrel 131 is fixedly connected to the bracket 111 of the main body 11.
  • the second lens barrel 131 is fixedly connected to the main body 11 through a threaded connection (bolt or screw) or a buckle, or the second lens barrel 131 is fixedly connected to the main body 11
  • the lens barrel 131 may also be fixedly connected to the bracket 111 by bonding, welding, or the like.
  • the second lens barrel 131 covers the filter 112 on the bracket 111.
  • the second lens barrel 131 has a through hole, which is a circular stepped hole, wherein the hole with a larger diameter is close to the filter 112, and the hole with a smaller diameter is far away from the filter 112.
  • a plurality of second lenses 132 are arranged in the stepped hole, and the axes of the plurality of second lenses 132 are the same, and are arranged at intervals in the height direction (taking the placement direction of the camera module 10 shown in FIG. 4 as the reference direction) .
  • four second lenses 132 are shown, and three of the second lenses 132 are arranged in the hole with a smaller diameter, and the other second lens 132 is arranged in the hole with a smaller diameter. Inside a hole with a larger diameter.
  • the second lens 132 can be fixed in the through hole by using adhesive glue, or a card slot can be provided on the side wall of the through hole to fix the second lens 132 in the through hole.
  • the two lenses 132 are directly clamped in the card slot for fixing.
  • other common fixing methods may also be used for fixing, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. 4
  • the four second lenses 132 are arranged, the four second lenses 132 are arranged coaxially, and the axis is coaxial with the axis of the filter 112, so that the light passing through the second lens 132 can pass through
  • the filter 112 is then irradiated onto the image sensor 116.
  • each second lens 132 can be adjusted as needed. Such as two, three, five, six and other different numbers.
  • the focal length and curvature of each second lens 132 can be adjusted according to actual needs. As shown in FIG. 4, three second lenses 132 with a smaller diameter and a smaller curvature and one diameter are used. Larger lens with greater curvature. However, the second lens 132 with other diameters and curvatures can also be used, and only the through hole of the second lens barrel 131 needs to be adjusted accordingly.
  • the specific diameter, focal length and curvature of the second lens 132 are not limited here.
  • the structure of the adjustable lens group 12 provided by the embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of a fixed lens.
  • the adjustable lens group 12 includes a first lens barrel 121 and a first lens fixed in the first lens barrel 121. 3 and 4 together, the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131 are arranged along the direction of the main axis of the camera module 10, and the first lens barrel 121 has a through hole in it, and the through hole is a circular through hole .
  • the first lens 122 is fixed in the through hole.
  • the first lens 122 can be fixed in the through hole by adhesive glue, or on the side of the through hole.
  • a card slot is provided on the wall, and the first lens 122 is directly clamped in the card slot for fixing.
  • other common fixing methods can also be used for fixing, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • first lenses 122 in the adjustable lens group 12 can be set as required, and is not limited to the way of one first lens 122 shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG.
  • the adjustable lens is provided with two first lenses 122, and the two first lenses 122 are stacked along the axis of the camera module 10.
  • the method is similar to the arrangement and placement of the second lens 132 in the fixed lens group 13, which will not be repeated here.
  • the number of the first lens 122 in the adjustable lens group 12 and the number of the second lens 132 in the fixed lens group 13 can be adjusted as required, such as one or more.
  • Multiple in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more than two.
  • the multiple first lenses are arranged along the axis of the camera module, and the axis of the first lens is coaxial with the axis of the camera module.
  • the first lens and the lenses in the camera module can be divided according to different requirements. For example, when one of the lenses in the camera module is divided into the first lens 122, the remaining lenses in the camera module It is the second lens 132. When two of the lenses are divided into the first lens 122, the remaining lenses in the camera module are the second lens 132.
  • the adjustable lens group 12 when the adjustable lens group 12 is set, the adjustable lens group 12 and the fixed lens group 13 are coaxial, and the first lens 122 in the adjustable lens group 12 and the second lens in the fixed lens 132, the filter 112, and the image sensor 116 are arranged coaxially, so that external light can pass through the first lens 122, the second lens 132, and the filter 112 to be irradiated on the image sensor 116 for imaging.
  • the adjustable lens group 12 when the adjustable lens group 12 is set, the adjustable lens group 12 can slide relative to the fixed lens group 13 along the axis of the camera module 10, as shown in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 4 Taking the placement direction of the camera module 10 shown in FIG. 4 as a reference direction, the adjustable lens group 12 can slide vertically upward or vertically downward relative to the fixed lens group 13.
  • the camera module 10 further includes a driving mechanism for driving the adjustable lens group 12 to slide relative to the fixed lens group 13.
  • the driving mechanism is a shape memory alloy wire 14. As shown in FIG.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 is located between the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131, and has a shape
  • the memory alloy wire 14 is fixedly connected to the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131 respectively.
  • the two ends of the shape memory alloy wire 14 shown in FIG. 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131.
  • the specific fixing method can be welded or threaded connection (bolt or screw) to change the shape
  • the ends of the memory alloy wire 14 are respectively connected to the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a specific implementation manner of connecting the shape memory alloy wire 14 to the circuit board 114.
  • a metal layer 15 is provided on the side walls of the bracket 111 and the second lens barrel 131, and The metal layer 15 is electrically connected to the shape memory alloy wire 14 and the circuit board 114, respectively.
  • the metal layer 15 is installed on the side wall of the second lens barrel 131 and the bracket 111 by fixing or spraying.
  • the metal layer 15 on the second lens barrel 131 is named the first metal layer 151
  • the metal layer 15 on the holder 111 is named the second metal layer 152.
  • the first metal layer 151 is sprayed on the side wall of the second lens barrel 131
  • the second metal layer 152 is sprayed on the side wall of the bracket 111; 114 is electrically connected, and the other end extends to the end surface of the bracket 111 away from the circuit board 114.
  • the first metal layer 151 sprayed to the second lens barrel 131 extends to two opposite end surfaces of the second lens barrel 131, and the second metal layer 152 that extends to one end surface close to the holder 111 is used to interact with the first metal layer 151
  • the part on the end face of the bracket 111 away from the circuit board 114 is electrically connected, and the part of the first metal layer 151 that extends to the end face away from the circuit board 114 is electrically connected to the shape memory alloy wire 14, so as to pass through the first metal layer 151 and the second metal layer 151.
  • the metal layer 152 electrically connects the shape memory alloy wire 14 and the circuit board 114.
  • the circuit board 114 supplies power to the shape memory alloy wire 14 through the first metal layer 151 and the second metal layer 152, and the shape memory alloy wire 14 is deformed, pushing the adjustable lens group 12 away from the fixed lens group 13.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 is heated and deformed and stretches in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. Long, the distance between the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131 is h1; as shown in FIG. 7, FIG.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 is provided on the circuit board 114
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 returns to its original shape, driving the adjustable lens group 12 to approach the fixed lens group 13, that is, driving the first lens barrel 121 to slide toward the second lens barrel 131 in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.
  • the distance between the first lens barrel 121 and the second lens barrel 131 is h2, where h1>h2.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 drives the adjustable lens group 12
  • the sliding direction of the adjustable lens group 12 is parallel to The axis direction of the camera module 10.
  • the metal layer 15 is used to connect the shape memory alloy wire 14 and the circuit board 114.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection method. Wires or other electrical connection methods may also be used to connect the shape memory alloy wire 14 to the circuit board 114.
  • the board 114 is electrically connected.
  • the number of shape memory alloy wires 14 is two, and the two shape memory alloy wires 14 are arranged around the axis of the camera module 10, but the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the shape memory
  • the number of alloy wires 14 can be set to three, four, five, six, etc. in specific settings, but it should be ensured that the number of shape memory alloy wires 14 is at least two, and at least two
  • the shape memory alloy wires 14 are arranged around the axis of the camera module 10, for example, in an evenly spaced way or in a non-equally spaced way.
  • the driving mechanism provided by the example of the present application is not limited to the shape memory alloy wire 14 listed above, and other common camera driving motors can also be used to drive the adjustable lens group 12 to slide.
  • the driving mechanism is fixed to the fixed lens group 13, and the adjustable lens group 12 is connected to the fixed lens group 13 through the driving mechanism.
  • the fixed lens group 13 and the adjustable lens group 12 are connected through the driving mechanism, and no additional connecting devices are required. Therefore, the driving mechanism serves as a component that drives the adjustable lens group 12 to slide, and at the same time serves as a component that connects the adjustable lens group 12 with the fixed lens.
  • the camera module 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is further provided with an elastic member (not shown in the figure), and one end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the first lens barrel 121 , The other end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the second lens barrel 131.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 pushes the adjustable lens assembly 12 away from the fixed lens assembly 13, the elastic member is elastically deformed at the same time, and the shape memory alloy wire 14 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member to push the adjustable lens assembly 12 to slide. After the power is cut off, the elastic force of the elastic member drives the adjustable lens group 12 to slide toward the fixed lens group 13, thereby driving the adjustable lens group 12 back to the initial position.
  • the elastic elements can be different elastic elements, such as common elastic elements such as extension springs, elastic sheets, rubber springs, etc., which are not specifically limited here.
  • the embodiment of the present application divides the lens of the camera module 10 into two parts, one part is the adjustable lens group 12, and the other part is the fixed lens group 13. , It only needs to drive the adjustable lens group 12 to slide, and there is no need to adjust the entire lens.
  • the lens 1 includes a housing 3 and a surrounding housing 3
  • the driving mechanism 1 needs to drive the entire housing 3 to move when the driving mechanism 1 is working. Comparing with Fig. 1, it can be seen that in the camera module provided by the embodiment of the present application, the entire lens does not need to be driven to move when focusing, and only the adjustable lens group 12 needs to be driven, thereby reducing the need for the drive mechanism to adjust the lens.
  • the weight can also reduce the power of the drive mechanism. Only a smaller drive mechanism can be selected to drive the adjustable lens group 12 to achieve focusing at different object distances.
  • the first lens barrel 121 has a similar structure to the housing in the lens, so d5 can be regarded as approximately equal to d2. It can be seen from the above description that in the camera module 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, by changing the driving mode of the lens, the aperture d5 of the lens can be designed to be larger, thereby achieving the characteristics of a large aperture and improving the imaging quality.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a camera module, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Fix the image sensor on the circuit board
  • the image sensor 116 when the image sensor 116 is set, the image sensor 116 is fixed on the first surface of the substrate 113, and a hollow structure is provided on the circuit board 114 to accommodate the image sensor 116.
  • the image sensor 116 can be fixed on the circuit board 114 by common fixing processes such as bonding and welding.
  • the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 116 faces away from the circuit board 114, so that the light-receiving surface faces the lens, and the light incident from the lens can directly illuminate the image sensor 116.
  • the two are also electrically connected.
  • the image sensor 116 is electrically connected by a metal flying wire, and the image sensor 116 is electrically connected.
  • the converted electrical signal can be transmitted to the circuit board 114 through the metal flying lead, and transmitted to the processor of the terminal through the circuit board 114.
  • a surface mount component 115 is also provided on the first surface of the circuit board 114.
  • a surface mount component 115 is provided on both sides of the image sensor 116.
  • the setting position and the number are only an example, and the specific number and the setting position of the surface mount component 115 are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the surface mount component 115 may be different electrical devices, such as inductors, capacitors, or other electrical devices. It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the surface mount component 115 is an optional component, and a different number of surface mount components 115 can be provided on the circuit board 114 as required, or no surface mount component 115 can be provided.
  • Step 2 Assemble the cover, and glue the side wall of the filter with the side wall of the mounting hole on the bracket;
  • the side wall of the filter and the side wall of the mounting hole are adhesively connected.
  • the side wall of the filter and the side wall of the mounting hole are adhesively connected.
  • Step three sealingly connect the cover body and the circuit board, and the bracket in the cover body surrounds the image sensor to seal the image sensor through the cover body.
  • the bracket when assembling the cover and the circuit board, the bracket is fixed on the circuit board and connected to the circuit board by adhesive glue, and after the cover is fixed, the image sensor is sealed on the circuit board and the cover. In order to prevent dust from falling on the image sensor. In addition, because there is no direct contact between the cover and the image sensor (the side wall, top of the bracket, and a certain gap between the filter and the image sensor), the image sensor will not be contaminated during the assembly process, which improves the image sensor. Security.
  • Step 4 Assemble the lens, assemble the adjustable lens group and the fixed lens group through the drive mechanism to form a lens, and then fix the fixed lens group and the bracket.
  • the fixed lens group 13 and the adjustable lens group 12 are connected by a shape memory alloy wire 14, and the adjustable lens group 12 is driven to move by the deformation of the shape memory alloy wire 14.
  • an elastic member (not shown in the figure) is assembled between the fixed lens group 13 and the adjustable lens group 12, and the elastic deformation of the elastic member drives the adjustable lens group 12 to return to the initial position.
  • the shape memory alloy wire 14 is electrically connected to the circuit board, the electrical connection between the driving mechanism and the circuit board 114 is achieved through the metal layer provided on the fixed lens group 13 and the bracket 111.
  • the lens of the camera module is divided into two parts.
  • the camera module When the camera module is focused, there is no need to drive the entire lens movement, only the adjustable lens group needs to be driven, thereby reducing the adjustment of the camera module.
  • the weight of the lens group that needs to be adjusted at the time, and the power of the driving mechanism can be reduced. Only a smaller driving mechanism can be selected to complete the focusing, thereby reducing the volume of the camera module.
  • the assembling the lens further includes: in a specific implementable solution, it further includes realizing power supply to the driving mechanism.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal, which may be a common terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook computer.
  • a terminal which may be a common terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook computer.
  • the camera module 10 is applied to a terminal, it is used to provide a camera function of the terminal.
  • a mobile phone is taken as an example for description.
  • the camera module 10 When the camera module 10 is applied to a mobile phone, it can be used as a front camera module or a rear camera module, but the principle is the same whether it is a front camera module or a rear camera module.
  • Set the camera module as an example for description.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the camera module 10 as a rear camera module 10 assembled in a mobile phone.
  • the mobile phone includes a housing 20 and any of the above items fixed in the housing 20.
  • Figure 2 shows three camera modules, the three camera modules are arranged in a straight line, each camera module is the above-described camera module 10, but it should be understood that only shown in Figure 2 A specific arrangement of camera modules is presented.
  • the number and arrangement of camera modules are not limited in the mobile phone provided in this embodiment of the application. For example, three camera modules are used, but the three camera modules are arranged Triangular, linear, and other different methods, or four camera modules are used, and the four camera modules are arranged in different shapes such as positive direction, linear, trapezoidal, etc. However, no matter which method is adopted, the lens of each camera module 10 is exposed on the surface of the mobile phone.
  • the camera module 10 collects images for shooting.
  • the structure of the camera module can be referred to the above description.
  • the camera module 10 of the embodiment of the present application is buckled on the image sensor through a bracket and is hermetically connected to the circuit board, and the filter is fixed on the bracket.
  • the cover does not contact the image sensor, so as not to contaminate the image sensor.
  • the filter and bracket are used to assemble the cover and then assembled with the circuit board, which facilitates assembly and reduces the camera module. the height of.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种摄像头模组及终端，该摄像头模组包括固定镜头组及可调镜头组，其中，固定镜头组及可调镜头组沿摄像头模组的轴线层叠设置，且可调镜头组及固定镜头组共轴。可调镜头组可相对固定镜头组沿摄像头模组的轴线方向滑动；从而可以通过调整可调镜头组来调整摄像头模组的焦距；摄像头模组还包括驱动可调镜头组相对固定镜头组滑动的驱动机构。

Description

一种摄像头模组及终端
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年10月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911032293.0、申请名称为“一种摄像头模组及终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及到终端技术领域，尤其涉及到一种摄像头模组及终端。
背景技术
当前自动对焦实现采用独立的马达设计，通过独立马达带动镜头(lens)的动作完成自动对焦，在图像传感器尺寸越来越大的需求场景下，使得lens的尺寸加大，需要增加更大尺寸的马达，使得模组尺寸增大，不利于大靶面模组在手机等移动产品应用，本发明针对摄像头模组小型化及简洁化提供了一种设计方法。
现有技术中通常采用独立专用马达带动整个镜头完成光学对焦；但是采用这种方式的话，独立专用的马达占用较大的空间，使得摄像头模组无法小型化；另外，随着芯片尺寸不断增加，对应的专用马达尺寸也需要同步加大，使得大底模组尺寸增大，不利于手机等移动终端使用。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种摄像头模组及终端，用以方便摄像头模组的调节。
第一方面，提供了一种摄像头模组，该摄像头模组应用于终端上，该摄像头模组包括固定镜头组及可调镜头组，其中，固定镜头组及可调镜头组沿所述摄像头模组的轴线层叠设置，且在设置时可调镜头组及固定镜头组共轴。此外，在设置可调镜头组时，所述可调镜头组可相对所述固定镜头组沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向滑动；从而可以通过调整可调镜头组来调整摄像头模组的焦距；此外，该摄像头模组还包括驱动所述可调镜头组相对所述固定镜头组滑动的形状记忆合金丝。通过上述描述可以看出，本申请公开的技术方案中，将摄像头模组的镜头划分成两部分，在对摄像头模组调焦时，无需驱动整个镜头运动，只需要驱动可调镜头组即可，从而降低了调整摄像头模组时需要调整的镜头组的重量，另外还可以降低形状记忆合金丝的功率，只需选择较小的形状记忆合金丝即可完成调焦，从而降低了摄像头模组的体积。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述形状记忆合金丝设置在所述可调镜头组及所述固定镜头组之间，且所述固定镜头组、形状记忆合金丝及所述可调镜头组沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向层叠。进而降低整个摄像头模组占用的空间面积，还可以提高摄像头模组的口径。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述形状记忆合金丝固定在所述固定镜头组，且所述可调镜头组通过所述形状记忆合金丝与所述固定镜头组连接。通过形状记忆合金丝实现固定镜头组与可调镜头组的连接。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，还包括弹簧片，可调镜头组与固定镜头组通过弹簧片连接，且弹簧片提供可调镜头组恢复到初始位置的弹性力。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述可调镜头组包括第一镜筒，以及固定在所述第一镜筒内的一个或多个第一镜片，且所述一个或多个第一镜片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置。降低了形状记忆合金丝驱动的镜头组的重量。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，在所述第一镜片的个数为多个时，所述多个第一镜片沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向间隔排列。可以根据需要选择不同的方式将镜头组划分成固定镜头组及可调镜头组。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述固定镜头组包括第二镜筒，以及固定在所述第二镜筒内的多个第二镜片，且所述多个第二镜片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述摄像头模组还包括：电路板，与所述电路板电连接的图像传感器，以及封装所述图像传感器的支架，且所述支架上设置有滤光片；其中，所述图像传感器及所述滤光片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置；所述固定镜头组与所述支架固定连接；所述形状记忆合金丝与所述电路板电连接。通过电路板给形状记忆合金丝供电。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述固定镜头组及所述支架上设置有电连接的金属层，所述形状记忆合金丝通过所述金属层与所述电路板电连接。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述摄像头模组还包括衬底，所述电路板及所述图像传感器固定在所述衬底。通过衬底支撑整个摄像头组件。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述形状记忆合金丝包括：与所述固定镜头组及所述可调镜头组分别连接的形状记忆合金丝。通过形状记忆合金丝实现对可调镜头组的驱动。
第二方面，提供了一种摄像头模组的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：在图像传感器固定在电路板；组装罩体，将滤光片侧壁与支架上的安装孔的侧壁粘接连接；将罩体与电路板密封连接，且罩体中的支架环绕图像传感器，以通过罩体密封图像传感器；装配镜头，将可调整镜头组与固定镜头组通过形状记忆合金丝装配成镜头，再将固定镜头组与支架固定连接。本申请公开的技术方案中，将摄像头模组的镜头划分成两部分，在对摄像头模组调焦时，无需驱动整个镜头运动，只需要驱动可调镜头组即可，从而降低了调整摄像头模组时需要调整的镜头组的重量，另外还可以降低形状记忆合金丝的功率，只需选择较小的形状记忆合金丝即可完成调焦，从而降低了摄像头模组的体积。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述装配镜头还包括：在所述固定镜头组与所述可调镜头组之间装配弹性件。提高可调镜头组的回复效果。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，还包括在所述固定镜头组及所述支架上设置电连接的金属层，所述形状记忆合金丝通过所述金属层与所述电路板电连接。实现对形状记忆合金丝的供电。
第三方面，提供了一种终端，该终端包括壳体，以及固定在所述壳体内的上述任一项所述的摄像头模组。通过上述描述可以看出，本申请公开的技术方案中，将摄像头模组的镜头划分成两部分，在对摄像头模组调焦时，无需驱动整个镜头运动，只需要驱动可调镜头组即可，从而降低了调整摄像头模组时需要调整的镜头组的重量，另外还可以降低形状记忆合金丝的功率，只需选择较小的形状记忆合金丝即可完成调焦，从而降低了摄像头模组的体积。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的摄像头模组的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组的结构示意图；
图4为图3中A-A处的剖视图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种摄像头模组的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组的一种工作状态示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组的另一种工作状态示意图。
具体实施方式
为方便理解本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组，下面首先说明一下本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组的应用场景，本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组应用于终端，如手机、平板电脑或者笔记本电脑等常见的终端。在摄像头模组应用于终端时用于提供终端的摄像功能，为方便理解以手机为例进行说明。摄像头模组在应用在手机上时，既可以作为前置摄像头模组，也可作为后置摄像头模组，但无论是前置摄像头模组还是后置摄像头模组其原理均相同，下面以后置摄像头模组为例进行说明。如图2中所示，图2示出了摄像头模组10作为后置摄像头模组10装配在手机内的示意图，该手机包括一个壳体20，以及固定在壳体20内的上述任一项的摄像头模组10。且摄像头模组10的镜头外露在手机的表面，在拍摄时，通过摄像头模组10采集图像进行拍摄。而随着手机的薄型化发展，手机内容纳摄像头模组10的空间也越来越小，因此需要摄像头模组10也小型化。为此本申请实施例提供了一种摄像头模组，下面结合附图以及具体的实施例对其进行详细的说明。
首先参考图3，图3示出了本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组的结构，在图3中所示的摄像头模组10至少包括主体11以及与主体11连接的镜头；其中镜头用于采集光线，而主体11用于将光信号转换成电信号并形成图像。在图3中，镜头包括可调镜头组12及固定镜头组13，且可调镜头组12及固定镜头组13层叠设置在主体11上并与主体11连接；在使用时，外部的光线可以穿过镜头后照射到主体11内，主体11再将感应到的光线作为光信号并将其转换成电信号，以形成图像。
一并参考图4，图4示出了图3中A-A处的结构示意图，其中，A-A处的结构示意图指的是沿图3中A-A所示的方向将摄像头模组剖切后的示意图。首先说明一下图4中的主体11，继续参考图，摄像头模组10的主体11可以包括一个衬底113，以及设置在衬底113上的电路板114及图像传感器116。其中衬底113作为承载件，为了方便描述，命名了衬底113的两个相对的表面：第一表面及第二表面，其中，第一表面为衬底113用于承载器件的表面，第二表面为衬底113与终端的其他结构连接的表面，当然，第二表面也可以用来承载器件，具体设置时，可以根据需要选择将器件设置在第一表面或者第二表面。在设置电路板114时，如图4中所示，电路板114固定在衬底113的第一表面，具体固定时，可以采用螺纹连接件(螺栓或者螺钉)、卡扣等连接件，或者采用焊接、粘接等连接方式。在具体选择电路板114时，可以选择不同类型的电路板114，如印刷电路板114，或者采用单面电路板114、双面电路板114等不同类型的电路板114。
继续参考图4，图像传感器116利用光电器件的光电转换功能，将受光面上的光像， 分成许多小单元，将其转换成可用的电信号的一种功能器件。在具体设置时，图像传感器116可以采用光导摄像管和固态图像传感器116等不同类型的图像传感器116。继续参考图4，在设置图像传感器116时，将图像传感器116固定在衬底113的第一表面，并且在电路板114上设置有一个镂空结构用于容纳图像传感器116。在图像传感器116固定在衬底113的第一表面时，可以采用粘接、焊接等常见的固定工艺将图像传感器116固定在电路板114上。在图像传感器116固定在电路板114上后，图像传感器116的受光面背离电路板114，以使得该受光面朝向镜头，镜头中射入的光线可以直接照射到图像传感器116。
继续参考图4，图像传感器116与电路板114之间除了上述的固定连接外，两者之间还电连接，如图4中所示，图像传感器116通过金属飞线实现电连接，图像传感器116转换的电信号可以通过该金属飞线传递到电路板114上，并通过电路板114传递到终端的处理器上。另外，电路板114的第一表面上还设置了表贴元件115，如图4中所示，位于图像传感器116两侧分别设置了一个表贴元件115，但是在图4中表贴元件115的设置位置及个数仅仅为一个示例，在本申请实施例中不限定表贴元件115的具体个数及设置位置。其中的表贴元件115可为不同的电器件，如电感、电容或者其他电器件。应当理解的是，在本申请的实施例中，表贴元件115为一个可选部件，可以根据需要在电路板114上设置不同个数的表贴元件115，或者不设置表贴元件115。
继续参考图4，由上述图像传感器116的工作原理可以看出，在图像传感器116使用时，若图像传感器116的受光面上落入杂质的话会影响到摄像头模组10的成像效果。因此本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10的主体11还包括一个罩体，该罩体用于密封图像传感器116，以避免灰尘落到图像传感器116的受光面。继续参考图4，图4示例出了一种具体的罩体结构，该罩体包括一个支架111以及一个滤光片112。其中，图4所示的支架111为一个壳体结构，一并参考图3中的虚线部分所示的结构，该虚线部分所示的为摄像头模组10的不可见部分的框架轮廓。由图3及图4可以看出，该支架111为一个两端开口的结构，其包含四个侧壁以及一个底壁，并且底壁上设置了一个与滤光片112配合的安装孔(图4中未标号)，支架111上与底壁相对的一侧为一个开口。在支架111与电路板114连接时，支架111开口的一侧盖合在电路板114的第一表面上，并将表贴元件115、图像传感器116盖合在支架111内。在支架111固定在电路板114上时，支架111还与电路板114密封连接，如在电路板114上涂覆一圈粘接胶，通过粘接胶将支架111与电路板114粘接连接并进行密封，当然上述的粘接胶仅仅示例了一种具体的连接方式，在本申请实施例方案中，还可以采用其他的方式进行连接并密封。对于支架111的材质可以根据需要选择不同的材质，如金属材质或者塑料材质，以金属材质为例，可以采用铝、钢、合金钢等不同的材质制备而成。
继续参考图4，本申请实施例提供的罩体还包括一个滤光片112，滤光片112设置在安装孔内，如图4中所示，安装孔为一个阶梯孔，且阶梯孔位于图像传感器116的上方，如图4中所示的X方向。一并参考图4，在图4中可以看出，该阶梯孔为圆形，且对应的滤光片112的形状也为圆形，但是在本申请实施例并不限定滤光片112的具体形状，该滤光片112可以采用方形、椭圆形、异形等对称或者非对称的形状。但是无论滤光片112采用什么形状，应该能够保证滤光片112在受光面所在平面的垂直投影能够覆盖受光面，以使得光线能够透过滤光片112照射到受光面上。在滤光片112采用圆形时，滤光片112的轴线与图像传感器116的轴线为同一轴线，且该轴线与上述镜头中的透镜的轴线也共轴线， 且该轴线也为摄像头模组10的轴线。
继续参考图4，阶梯孔中直径较小的孔靠近图像传感器116，直径较大的孔远离图像传感器116，而阶梯孔中的阶梯面作为一个支撑面用来支撑滤光片112。在滤光片112放入到安装孔内时，滤光片112放置在了直径较大的孔内并通过支撑面支撑滤光片112，而滤光片112的侧壁与阶梯孔的侧壁粘接连接。如图4中所示，阶梯孔中直径较大的孔的直径大于滤光片112的直径，在滤光片112粘接在阶梯孔内时，阶梯孔的侧壁与滤光片112的侧壁之间间隔有一定的间隙，在该间隙内填装粘接胶，从而将滤光片112与支架111之间粘接固定，并使得滤光片112与支架111之间密封。
在组装主体11时，首先将罩体中的支架111与滤光片112组装在一起，之后再将整个罩体与电路板114进行连接。在组装罩体时，首先将滤光片112放置到阶梯孔中，之后涂覆粘接胶，通过粘接胶填满阶梯孔的侧壁与滤光片112的侧壁之间的缝隙，从而将滤光片112固定在阶梯孔中，并通过粘接胶将滤光片112与支架111密封。在将罩体与电路板114组装在一起时，通过粘接胶将支架111固定在电路板114上并与电路板114密封连接，且罩体固定后，将图像传感器116密封在电路板114与罩体围成的空间内，从而避免灰尘落入到图像传感器116上。另外由于罩体与图像传感器116之间并未直接接触(支架111的侧壁、顶部及滤光片112与图像传感器116间隔一定的间隙)，因此在装配过程中不会对图像传感器116造成污染，提高了图像传感器116的安全性。
此外，由图4可以看出，在滤光片112与支架111固定时，由于滤光片112与支架111之间采用侧壁之间连接的方式，因此底壁的厚度可以比较薄，从而在高度上可以有效的降低支架111的高度，进而降低整个主体11的高度，也就降低了整个摄像头模组10的高度。
继续参考图2及图4，本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10还包括一个镜头，该镜头划分为两部分：固定镜头组13及可调镜头组12。如图4中所示，固定镜头组13及可调镜头组12沿摄像头模组10的轴线层叠设置，并且固定镜头位于靠近主体11的一侧，而可调镜头组12位于远离主体11的一侧。下面分别对固定镜头及可调镜头组12分别进行说明。
继续参考图4，固定镜头包括一个第二镜筒131以及固定在第二镜筒131内的多个第二镜片。一并参考图3及图4，第二镜筒131与主体11的支架111固定连接，如第二镜筒131通过螺纹连接件(螺栓或者螺钉)或者卡扣与主体11固定连接，或者第二镜筒131也可以通过粘接、焊接等方式与支架111固定连接。且在第二镜筒131固定在支架111上时，第二镜筒131覆盖住支架111上的滤光片112。继续参考图4，第二镜筒131内具有一个通孔，该通孔为圆形的阶梯孔，其中直径较大的孔靠近滤光片112，直径较小的孔远离滤光片112。该阶梯孔内设置有多个第二透镜132，并且多个第二透镜132的轴线相同，且沿高度方向上间隔设置(以图4中所示的摄像头模组10的放置方向为参考方向)。在图4中所示的摄像头模组10中，示出了四个第二透镜132，且其中的三个第二透镜132设置在直径较小的孔内，而另一个第二透镜132设置在直径较大的孔内。在上述多个第二透镜132固定在第二镜筒131内时，可以采用粘接胶将第二透镜132固定在通孔内，也可以采用在通孔的侧壁上设置卡槽，将第二透镜132直接卡装在卡槽内进行固定，当然也可以采用其他的常见的固定方式进行固定，在本申请实施例中不做具体的限定。继续参考图4，在设置四个第二透镜132时，四个第二透镜132共轴设置，并且该轴线与滤光片112的轴线共轴，从而使得穿过第二透镜132的光线能够穿过滤光片112后照射到图像传感器116上。
在图4中，虽然示出了四个第二透镜132，但是在本申请实施例中不限定第二透镜132 的具体个数，在实际生产中可以根据需要调整第二透镜132的个数，如两个、三个、五个、六个等不同的个数。另外，对于每个第二透镜132的焦距、曲率等参数可以根据实际需要进行调整，如在图4中所示的，采用三个直径较小、曲率较小的第二透镜132，以及一个直径较大、曲率较大的透镜。但是也可以采用其他直径以及曲率的第二透镜132，只需要对应调整第二镜筒131的通孔即可，至于第二透镜132的具体的直径、焦距及曲率在此不做限定。
继续参考图4，本申请实施例提供的可调镜头组12的结构与固定镜头的结构相近似。在图4所示的可调镜头组12中，可调镜头组12包括一个第一镜筒121以及固定在第一镜筒121内的一个第一镜片。一并参考图3及图4，第一镜筒121与第二镜筒131沿摄像头模组10主轴的方向排列，第一镜筒121内具有一个通孔，该通孔为圆形的通孔。第一透镜122固定在该通孔内，在第一透镜122固定在第一镜筒121内时，可以采用粘接胶将第一透镜122固定在通孔内，也可以采用在通孔的侧壁上设置卡槽，将第一透镜122直接卡装在卡槽内进行固定，当然也可以采用其他的常见的固定方式进行固定，在本申请实施例中不做具体的限定。
应当理解的是，本申请实施例提供的可调镜头组12中的第一透镜122的个数可以根据需要设置，不仅限于图4中所示的一个第一透镜122的方式，如图5中所示，在图5中所示的另外一种摄像头模组10中，可调镜头设置了两个第一透镜122，且两个第一透镜122沿摄像头模组10的轴线层叠设置，其设置方式类似固定镜头组13中的第二透镜132的设置放置，在此不再赘述。由上述描述可以看出，在本申请实施例中，可调镜头组12中第一透镜122及固定镜头组13中的第二透镜132的个数可以根据需要进行调整，如一个或多个，本申请实施例中的多个指的是两个及两个以上的个数。在第一透镜为多个时，多个第一透镜沿摄像头模组的轴线排列，且第一透镜的轴线与摄像头模组的轴线共轴。示例的，摄像头模组中的第一透镜及透镜可以根据不同的需求进行划分，如在将摄像头模组中的透镜中的一个透镜划分到第一透镜122时，则摄像头模组中的其余透镜为第二透镜132，在将其中的两个透镜划分为第一透镜122时，则摄像头模组中的其余透镜为第二透镜132。
继续参考图4及图5，在设置可调镜头组12时，可调镜头组12及固定镜头组13共轴，并且可调镜头组12中的第一透镜122、固定镜头中的第二透镜132以及滤光片112、图像传感器116之间共轴设置，从而使得外界的光线穿过第一透镜122、第二透镜132及滤光片112后可以照射到图像传感器116上成像。
继续参考图4及图5，在可调镜头组12设置时，可调镜头组12可相对固定镜头组13沿摄像头模组10的轴线方向滑动，如图4中所示的箭头所示的方向，以图4中所示的摄像头模组10的放置方向为参考方向，可调镜头组12可以相对固定镜头组13竖直向上滑动或者竖直向下滑动。在具体驱动可调镜头组12时，摄像头模组10还包括一个驱动可调镜头组12相对固定镜头组13滑动的驱动机构。在图4所示的摄像头模组10中，驱动机构为形状记忆合金丝14，如图4中所示，形状记忆合金丝14位于第一镜筒121及第二镜筒131之间，且形状记忆合金丝14分别与第一镜筒121及第二镜筒131固定连接。在图4中所示的形状记忆合金丝14的两端分别与第一镜筒121及第二镜筒131固定连接，具体的固定方式可以通过焊接，或者螺纹连接件(螺栓或螺钉)将形状记忆合金丝14的端部分别与第一镜筒121及第二镜筒131一一对应连接。
继续参考图4及图5，形状记忆合金丝14在工作时，通过电路板114给其供电，形状 记忆合金丝14与电路板114之间电连接。如图4中所示，图4中示例了一种形状记忆合金丝14与电路板114连接的具体实现方式，在支架111及第二镜筒131的侧壁上设置有金属层15，且设置的金属层15分别与形状记忆合金丝14及电路板114电连接。在具体设置金属层15时，该金属层15通过固定或者喷镀的方式设置在第二镜筒131的侧壁及支架111。为方便描述，将第二镜筒131上的金属层15命名为第一金属层151、支架111上的金属层15为命名为第二金属层152。以喷镀为例，在第二镜筒131的侧壁上喷镀第一金属层151，在支架111的侧壁分别喷镀第二金属层152；其中，第二金属层152一端与电路板114电连接，另一端延伸到支架111背离电路板114的端面。喷镀到第二镜筒131的第一金属层151延伸到第二镜筒131的相对的两个端面，延伸到靠近支架111的一个端面的第二金属层152用于与第一金属层151位于支架111背离电路板114的端面上的部分电连接，而第一金属层151延伸到背离电路板114的端面的部分与形状记忆合金丝14电连接，从而通过第一金属层151及第二金属层152将形状记忆合金丝14与电路板114电连接。
在使用时，电路板114给通过第一金属层151及第二金属层152给形状记忆合金丝14供电，形状记忆合金丝14发生形变，推动可调镜头组12远离固定镜头组13。首先参考图6，图6中示例摄像头模组的一种工作状态，在电路板114给形状记忆合金丝14供电时，形状记忆合金丝14受热发生形变，沿图6中所示的箭头方向伸长，第一镜筒121与第二镜筒131之间的距离为h1；如图7所示，图7示例了摄像头模组的另一种工作状态，在电路板114给形状记忆合金丝14断电后，形状记忆合金丝14恢复初始形状，带动可调镜头组12靠近固定镜头组13，即带动第一镜筒121沿图2中的箭头所示的方向朝向第二镜筒131滑动，此时第一镜筒121与第二镜筒131之间的距离为h2，其中，h1＞h2，在形状记忆合金丝14驱动可调镜头组12时，可调镜头组12的滑动方向平行于摄像头模组10的轴线方向。
在上述示例中，采用金属层15连接形状记忆合金丝14及电路板114，但是本申请实施例不限定具体的连接方式，也可以采用导线或者其他的电连接方式将形状记忆合金丝14与电路板114电连接。
继续参考图4，在图4中，形状记忆合金丝14的个数为两个，且两个形状记忆合金丝14环绕摄像头模组10的轴线设置，但是本申请实施例并不具体限定形状记忆合金丝14的个数，在具体设置时可以设置三个、四个、五个、六个等不同的个数，但是应保证形状记忆合金丝14的个数至少为两个，并且至少两个形状记忆合金丝14环绕摄像头模组10的轴线排列，如采用等间距的方式排列，或者非等间距的方式排列。
当然，本申请示例提供的驱动机构不仅限于上述列举的形状记忆合金丝14，还可以采用其他常见的摄像机驱动马达来驱动可调镜头组12滑动。而且在本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10中，驱动机构固定在固定镜头组13，而可调镜头组12通过驱动机构与固定镜头组13连接。从而通过驱动机构实现固定镜头组13与可调镜头组12的连接，无需额外的连接器件。因此，驱动机构即作为驱动可调镜头组12滑动的部件，同时也作为可调镜头组12与固定镜头连接的部件。
为使得可调镜头组12能够尽快回复到初始位置，本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10还设置了一个弹性件(图中未示出)，弹性件的一端与第一镜筒121固定连接，弹性件的另一端与第二镜筒131固定连接。在形状记忆合金丝14推动可调镜头组12远离固定镜头组13时，弹性件同时发生弹性形变，形状记忆合金丝14克服弹性件的弹性力推动可调镜 头组12滑动，在形状记忆合金丝14断电后，弹性件的弹性力带动可调镜头组12朝向固定镜头组13滑动，从而带动可调镜头组12回到初始位置。其中的弹性件可以为不同的弹性件，如拉伸弹簧、弹性片、橡胶弹簧等常见的弹性件，在此不做具体的限定。
由上述图4及图5可以看出，本申请实施例将摄像头模组10的镜头划分成了两部分，一部分为可调镜头组12，另一部分为固定镜头组13，在对镜头调焦时，只需要驱动可调镜头组12滑动即可，无需将调整整个镜头，而图1中所示的现有技术中的摄像头模组中，其镜头1包括一个壳体3及环绕壳体3的驱动机构1，在驱动机构1工作时，需要驱动整个壳体3运动。对比图1可以看出，本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组中，在对调焦时，无需驱动整个镜头运动，只需要驱动可调镜头组12即可，从而降低了驱动机构调整镜头时的重量，另外还可以降低驱动机构的功率，只需选择较小的驱动机构即可完成驱动可调镜头组12来实现不同物距对焦。
另外，在设置驱动机构时，固定镜头组13、驱动机构及可调镜头组12沿摄像头模组10的轴线方向层叠，并且驱动机构设置在可调镜头组12及固定镜头组13之间，不占用额外的空间面积；从而在设计时，可以极大的降低镜头占用的空间面积，对比图1及图4可以看出，在镜头的宽度均为D时，现有技术中的镜头1的口径d3，受到驱动机构2的宽度d1以及镜头内的壳体3的宽度d2的影响：d3＝D-2d1-2d2。而在本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10中，如图4中所示，镜头的宽度也为D，镜头的口径d4仅受到第一镜筒121的宽度d5的影响：d4＝D-2d5。而对于第一镜筒121与镜头内的壳体为相似结构，因此，d5可以看做近似等于d2。由上述描述可以看出，在本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组10中，通过改变镜头的驱动方式，使得镜头的口径d5可以设计的更大，进而实现大光圈的特性，提升成像质量。
为方便理解，本申请实施例还提供了一种摄像头模组的制备方法，该制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：在图像传感器固定在电路板；
具体的，如图4所示，在设置图像传感器116时，将图像传感器116固定在衬底113的第一表面，并且在电路板114上设置有一个镂空结构用于容纳图像传感器116。在图像传感器116固定在衬底113的第一表面时，可以采用粘接、焊接等常见的固定工艺将图像传感器116固定在电路板114上。在图像传感器116固定在电路板114上后，图像传感器116的受光面背离电路板114，以使得该受光面朝向镜头，镜头中射入的光线可以直接照射到图像传感器116。
继续参考图4，图像传感器116与电路板114之间除了上述的固定连接外，两者之间还电连接，如图4中所示，图像传感器116通过金属飞线实现电连接，图像传感器116转换的电信号可以通过该金属飞线传递到电路板114上，并通过电路板114传递到终端的处理器上。另外，电路板114的第一表面上还设置了表贴元件115，如图4中所示，位于图像传感器116两侧分别设置了一个表贴元件115，但是在图4中表贴元件115的设置位置及个数仅仅为一个示例，在本申请实施例中不限定表贴元件115的具体个数及设置位置。其中的表贴元件115可为不同的电器件，如电感、电容或者其他电器件。应当理解的是，在本申请的实施例中，表贴元件115为一个可选部件，可以根据需要在电路板114上设置不同个数的表贴元件115，或者不设置表贴元件115。
步骤二、组装罩体，将滤光片侧壁与支架上的安装孔的侧壁粘接连接；
具体的，将滤光片的侧壁与安装孔的侧壁粘接连接，具体的，具体的描述可以参考上文中的详细说明，在此不做具体限定。
步骤三、将罩体与电路板密封连接，且罩体中的支架环绕图像传感器，以通过罩体密封图像传感器。
具体的，在将罩体与电路板组装在一起时，通过粘接胶将支架固定在电路板上并与电路板密封连接，且罩体固定后，将图像传感器密封在电路板与罩体围成的空间内，从而避免灰尘落入到图像传感器上。另外由于罩体与图像传感器之间并未直接接触(支架的侧壁、顶部及滤光片与图像传感器间隔一定的间隙)，因此在装配过程中不会对图像传感器造成污染，提高了图像传感器的安全性。
步骤四、装配镜头，将可调整镜头组与固定镜头组通过驱动机构装配成镜头，再将固定镜头组与支架固定连接。
具体的，如图4中所示，固定镜头组13及可调镜头组12之间通过形状记忆合金丝14连接，并通过形状记忆合金丝14的形变驱动可调镜头组12运动。其中，在固定镜头组13与所述可调镜头组12之间装配弹性件(图中未示出)，通过弹性件的弹性形变带动可调镜头组12恢复到初始位置。在形状记忆合金丝14与电路板电连接时，通过设置在所述固定镜头组13及所述支架111的金属层实现驱动机构与电路板114的电连接。具体的描述可以参考图4中的相关描述。
通过上述描述可以看出，将摄像头模组的镜头划分成两部分，在对摄像头模组调焦时，无需驱动整个镜头运动，只需要驱动可调镜头组即可，从而降低了调整摄像头模组时需要调整的镜头组的重量，另外还可以降低驱动机构的功率，只需选择较小的驱动机构即可完成调焦，从而降低了摄像头模组的体积。
在一个具体的可实施方案中，所述装配镜头还包括：在一个具体的可实施方案中，还包括实现对驱动机构的供电。
本申请实施例还提供了一种终端，该终端可以为手机、平板电脑或者笔记本电脑等常见的终端。在摄像头模组10应用于终端时，用于提供终端的摄像功能，为方便理解以手机为例进行说明。摄像头模组10在应用在手机上时，既可以作为前置摄像头模组，也可作为后置摄像头模组，但无论是前置摄像头模组还是后置摄像头模组其原理均相同，下面以后置摄像头模组为例进行说明。如图2中所示，图2示出了摄像头模组10作为后置摄像头模组10装配在手机内的示意图，该手机包括一个壳体20，以及固定在壳体20内的上述任一项的摄像头模组10。在图2中示出了三个摄像头模组，三个摄像头模组沿直线型排列，每个摄像头模组均为上述描述的摄像头模组10，但是应当理解的是，图2中仅仅示出了一种具体的摄像头模组的排列方式，在本申请实施例中提供的手机中并不限定摄像头模组的个数以及排列方式，如采用三个摄像头模组，但是三个摄像头模组排列成三角形、直线型等不同的方式，或者采用四个摄像头模组，而四个摄像头模组排列成正方向、直线型、梯形等不同的形状。但是无论采用上述哪种方式，每个摄像头模组10的镜头外露在手机的表面，在拍摄时，通过摄像头模组10采集图像进行拍摄。其中摄像头模组的结构可以参考上文中的描述，在本申请实施例的摄像头模组10通过支架扣在图像传感器上并与电路板密封连接，而滤光片固定在支架上，相比与现有技术中的方案中，罩体不与图像传感器接触，从而不会污染图像传感器，另外采用滤光片与支架组装成罩体后再与电路板装配， 方便组装，同时也降低了摄像头模组的高度。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种摄像头模组，应用于终端，其特征在于，包括：沿所述摄像头模组的轴线层叠的可调镜头组及固定镜头组；且所述可调镜头组及所述固定镜头组共轴设置；其中，
    所述可调镜头组可相对所述固定镜头组沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向滑动；
    所述摄像头模组还包括驱动所述可调镜头组相对所述固定镜头组滑动的形状记忆合金丝。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述形状记忆合金丝设置在所述可调镜头组及所述固定镜头组之间，且所述固定镜头组、形状记忆合金丝及所述可调镜头组沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向层叠。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述形状记忆合金丝固定在所述固定镜头组，且所述可调镜头组通过所述形状记忆合金丝与所述固定镜头组连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述可调镜头组包括第一镜筒，以及固定在所述第一镜筒内的一个或多个第一镜片，且所述一个或多个第一镜片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，在所述第一镜片的个数为多个时，所述多个第一镜片沿所述摄像头模组的轴线方向间隔排列。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一项所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述固定镜头组包括第二镜筒，以及固定在所述第二镜筒内的多个第二镜片，且所述多个第二镜片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括：电路板，与所述电路板电连接的图像传感器，以及封装所述图像传感器的支架，且所述支架上设置有滤光片；其中，
    所述图像传感器及所述滤光片与所述摄像头模组的轴线共轴设置；
    所述固定镜头组与所述支架固定连接；
    所述形状记忆合金丝与所述电路板电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述固定镜头组及所述支架上设置有电连接的金属层，所述形状记忆合金丝通过所述金属层与所述电路板电连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括衬底，所述电路板及所述图像传感器固定在所述衬底。
  10. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括壳体，以及固定在所述壳体内的如权利要求1～9任一项所述的摄像头模组。
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CN113867078A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-31 维沃移动通信有限公司 摄像头模组及电子设备
CN113867078B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2024-05-28 维沃移动通信有限公司 摄像头模组及电子设备
CN113992835A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-01-28 江西联益光学有限公司 摄像头模组及其组装方法和电子模块
CN114302049A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-08 荣耀终端有限公司 一种新型马达、摄像模组及电子设备
CN114302049B (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-11-18 荣耀终端有限公司 一种新型马达、摄像模组及电子设备

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