WO2021078033A1 - 控制压缩机加热带的方法 - Google Patents

控制压缩机加热带的方法 Download PDF

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WO2021078033A1
WO2021078033A1 PCT/CN2020/120508 CN2020120508W WO2021078033A1 WO 2021078033 A1 WO2021078033 A1 WO 2021078033A1 CN 2020120508 W CN2020120508 W CN 2020120508W WO 2021078033 A1 WO2021078033 A1 WO 2021078033A1
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compressor
tps
heating zone
toil
controlling
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PCT/CN2020/120508
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨坤
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青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021078033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021078033A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling an air conditioning system, in particular to a method of controlling a heating zone of a compressor.
  • Air-conditioning systems generally include refrigerants (also called refrigerants or refrigerants) that can circulate in the air-conditioning system under operating conditions.
  • the refrigerants are used to transfer heat energy to enable the air-conditioning system to produce cooling, freezing or heating or a combination thereof. And other functions.
  • the refrigerant may be R134A or R410A, for example.
  • the air-conditioning system usually includes a compressor, a condensing device, an expansion device, and an evaporating device. The compression process of the refrigerant is completed by the compressor.
  • the compressor sucks in low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant through the suction end, then compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and discharges the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant through the discharge end.
  • the air conditioning system is composed of an outdoor unit installed in an outdoor environment and an indoor unit unit placed indoors, the compressor is generally placed in the outdoor unit unit and therefore is placed in the outdoor environment together with the outdoor unit unit.
  • the compressor is equipped with lubricating oil, so the compressor can be continuously lubricated by lubricating oil during operation, thereby reducing friction and wear of the compressor.
  • the lubricating oil can also play a role in sealing, cooling and reducing operating noise.
  • part of the lubricating oil will flow with the refrigerant throughout the entire air conditioning system.
  • the compressor is stopped, the gas refrigerant entering the compressor will condense into liquid and the liquid refrigerant will be mixed with the compressor's lubricating oil.
  • the liquid refrigerant and lubricating oil accumulated in the compressor can easily cause the compressor to have a liquid hammer phenomenon, thereby damaging the compressor.
  • the temperature of the lubricating oil when the outdoor environment temperature is relatively low, the temperature of the lubricating oil will be relatively low, and when the temperature of the lubricating oil is lower than a certain temperature value, the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil will be affected to a certain extent, which will also cause Compressor liquid hammer phenomenon occurs.
  • compressors are generally equipped with heating belts or other heating devices for heating liquid refrigerant and/or lubricating oil. If necessary, turn on the heating zone of the compressor (that is, let the heating zone work) to heat the lubricating oil and vaporize the liquid refrigerant in the lubricating oil, so as to avoid the low lubricating oil temperature and/or when the compressor is started.
  • the liquid hammer phenomenon caused by the liquid refrigerant in the compressor Therefore, how to control the compressor heating zone to effectively avoid the compressor's liquid hammer has become a technical need.
  • Some methods for controlling the heating zone of the compressor have been disclosed in the prior art, and these methods are dedicated to overcoming or avoiding the phenomenon of liquid hammer when the compressor is started or during operation.
  • An existing method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor is to determine the opening time of the heating zone of the compressor according to the outdoor ambient temperature.
  • Figure 1 shows a control logic of this method.
  • this control method controls the output of the compressor heating zone in a ratio of 4 levels: 0, 1, 2, and 3, where the opening ratio of each stage is :The ratio of level 0 is 0 (that is, the heating belt is closed); the ratio of level 1 is 0.5 (that is, the compressor heating belt runs for 0.5 hours); the ratio of level 2 is 0.66 (that is, the compressor heating belt runs for 0.66 hours); the ratio of level 3 is 1 (That is, the compressor heating belt runs for 1 hour).
  • the compressor stop time is less than 30 minutes, follow the 0 level control.
  • the opening time of the compressor heating zone is determined according to the control logic shown in Figure 1 based on the ambient temperature Tao. This control method is relatively simple and cannot effectively determine whether the compressor has a liquid hammer problem.
  • Chinese invention patent CN105466095B discloses an improved low-temperature refrigeration air-conditioning unit electric heating control method, which controls the opening or closing of the compressor heating zone according to the shutdown or standby time of the air-conditioning unit and the degree of suction superheat. Specifically, the method first detects the current state of the low-temperature refrigeration and air-conditioning unit, and the state includes a shutdown state, a standby state, and an operating state. When the current state of the low-temperature refrigeration and air-conditioning unit is the shutdown state, after receiving the start command, if the shutdown time reaches the first preset time, the electric heating device is controlled to turn on for the second preset time, and then the compressor is turned on and run .
  • the electric heating device When the current state of the low-temperature refrigeration air-conditioning unit is the standby state, if the standby time does not exceed the third preset time, the electric heating device is controlled to maintain the on state; if the standby time exceeds the third preset time, the electric heating device is turned off, and every The electric heating device is turned on for the fourth preset time and lasts for the fifth preset time.
  • the suction superheat of the low-temperature refrigeration and air-conditioning unit is calculated, and if the suction superheat does not exceed the first preset temperature, the electric heating device is turned on.
  • the present invention provides a control compressor
  • the heating zone method includes: measuring the suction pressure P of the compressor to determine the corresponding suction saturation temperature Tps; measuring the actual suction temperature Ts of the compressor and the lubricating oil temperature Toil of the compressor; The suction saturation temperature Tps, the actual suction temperature Ts and the lubricating oil temperature Toil determine the opening or closing of the compressor heating zone.
  • the method further includes: if the compressor lacks an opening signal, the heating zone of the compressor is kept closed.
  • the method further includes: when the air conditioning system with the compressor is powered on for the first time, if the compressor has an on signal, when Toil ⁇ Tps When +19°C and Ts-Tps>5°C, the compressor heating zone is turned on and lasts for 5-30 minutes and then turned off.
  • the suction pressure P of the compressor determines the corresponding suction saturation temperature Tps, and then based on the actual suction temperature Ts of the compressor, the suction saturation temperature Tps and the compressor lubricating oil temperature Toil these three parameters to control the opening of the compressor heating zone or shut down. Comparing the actual suction temperature Ts and the suction saturation temperature Tps can determine the suction superheat of the compressor, that is, Ts-Tps.
  • Ts-Tps ⁇ 0 it means that there is no liquid refrigerant at the suction side of the compressor; if Ts- Tps ⁇ 0, indicating that there is liquid refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor, so there is a risk of liquid strike.
  • the method of controlling the compressor heating zone of the present invention not only considers the compressor suction superheat Ts-Tps, but also considers the compressor's lubricating oil temperature Toil and the possible relationship between this temperature and the other two temperatures. , Because the lubricating oil temperature Toil is also one of the factors that affects whether the compressor has liquid hammer.
  • the method of the present invention can more accurately and effectively control the opening and closing of the compressor heating zone, which can effectively prevent the compressor from liquid hammering, and can also avoid closing the compressor when the compressor heating zone needs to be opened.
  • the compressor heating belt is turned on without the need to open the compressor heating belt, thereby effectively reducing the output power of the compressor heating belt, thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire air conditioning system.
  • this method can also solve the problem of low pressure failure of the air conditioning system when the heating is turned on, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the air conditioning system
  • the compressor heating belt is turned on only when one of the following conditions is met: (1) 0°C ⁇ Tps ⁇ 28°C, Toil ⁇ Tps +19°C and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C; (2) Toil ⁇ Tps+19°C and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C.
  • Conditions (1) and (2) are both in the case where the suction superheat Ts-Tps are both positive but less than 5°C, the lubricating oil temperature Toil and the suction saturation temperature Tps must meet specific conditions Only then will the compressor heating belt be opened, which helps to accurately control the opening of the compressor heating belt.
  • the heating zone of the compressor is controlled to close.
  • the compressor heating belt does not need to be opened, but remains closed. This saves energy.
  • the air-conditioning system with the compressor is powered on for the first time, if the compressor receives an on signal, it can be used first under the condition that the degree of superheat Ts-Tps>5°C and Toil ⁇ Tps+19°C. Turn on the compressor heating belt and keep it for 5-30 minutes before turning it off.
  • Such a control method can not only avoid unnecessary opening of the heating belt of the compressor, which leads to a waste of energy, but also avoid the risk of liquid strike when the compressor is started.
  • the compressor heating zone is turned on only when one of the following conditions is met: (1) 60°C ⁇ Toil ⁇ 65 °C and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C; (2) 65°C ⁇ Toil and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C. These two conditions not only require the superheat Ts-Tps to be less than 5°C, but also require the lubricating oil temperature Toil to be greater than 60°C.
  • Figure 1 is a prior art control logic for controlling the output of a compressor heating belt
  • Figure 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of a compressor according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of a compressor according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of a compressor according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for controlling a heating zone of a compressor according to the present invention.
  • the method includes: step S1, measuring the suction pressure P of the compressor to determine the corresponding suction saturation temperature Tps; step S2, measuring the actual suction temperature Ts of the compressor and the lubricating oil temperature of the compressor Toil; and step S3, based on the suction saturation temperature Tps, the actual suction temperature Ts, and the lubricating oil temperature Toil, determine whether the heating zone of the compressor is turned on or off.
  • This method determines the opening or closing of the compressor heating zone based on these three temperatures and the specific relationship between them. Therefore, this method can more accurately and effectively control the compressor heating zone, and not only can prevent the compressor from liquid hammer. , And can effectively reduce the output power of the compressor heating zone, thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire air conditioning system. In addition, by precisely controlling the opening of the heating belt of the compressor, this method can also solve the problem that the air-conditioning system reports a low-pressure fault when the heating is turned on, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the air-conditioning system.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor according to the present invention.
  • the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor measures the suction pressure P of the compressor in step S1 and determines the corresponding suction saturation temperature Tps according to the pressure P.
  • the method measures the actual suction temperature Ts of the compressor and the lubricating oil temperature Toil. Based on the suction saturation temperature Tps, the actual suction temperature Ts, and the lubricating oil temperature Toil, the method determines whether the compressor heating zone is turned on or off in step S3.
  • the method is based on the three temperatures of the suction saturation temperature Tps, the actual suction temperature Ts, and the lubricating oil temperature Toil, or based on Steps S4, S5, S6, or S7 are executed at the two temperatures of the suction saturation temperature Tps and the lubricating oil temperature Toil, respectively.
  • steps S4 and S5 are both related to the conditions that are met before the compressor heating zone is turned on.
  • step S4 when the air conditioning system with the mentioned compressor is powered on and started for the first time, when 0°C ⁇ Tps ⁇ 28°C, Toil ⁇ Tps+19°C, and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C, Turn on the compressor heating belt to eliminate possible accumulation of refrigerant in the compressor.
  • step S5 is also for the first power-on and start-up of the air-conditioning system with the mentioned compressor. When Toil ⁇ Tps+19°C and Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C, the compressor heating zone is also turned on.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor according to the present invention.
  • the method for controlling the compressor heating zone includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, and S9, wherein steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 They are the same as steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 in the foregoing embodiment, respectively.
  • the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor further includes steps S8 and S9. Specifically, if the compressor lacks an on signal, the compressor heating belt remains closed (step S8).
  • step S9 when the air conditioning system with the compressor is powered on for the first time, if the compressor has an on signal, the compressor heating zone can be turned on for 5-30 minutes and then turned off. This can ensure that the compressor will not have liquid hammer.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a third embodiment of the method for controlling the heating zone of a compressor according to the present invention.
  • the method for controlling the heating zone of the compressor also includes steps S1, S2, and S3.
  • Step S1 involves measuring the suction pressure P of the compressor and determining the corresponding suction saturation temperature Tps based on the pressure P.
  • Step S2 involves measuring the actual suction temperature Ts of the compressor and the lubricating oil temperature Toil. Then, in step S3, based on the suction saturation temperature Tps, the actual suction temperature Ts, and the lubricating oil temperature Toil, it is determined whether the heating zone of the compressor is turned on or off.
  • the method of controlling the compressor heating zone further includes steps S10, S11, and S12. As shown in FIG. 5, steps S10, S11, and S12 are all for the operation of the air-conditioning system with the compressor mentioned above. Specifically, when the air conditioning system is operating, if 60°C ⁇ Toil ⁇ 65°C and the degree of superheat Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C, the compressor heating zone is turned on (step S10). If 65°C ⁇ Toil and the degree of superheat Ts-Tps ⁇ 5°C, the compressor heating zone is also turned on (step S11). However, in step S12, when 65°C ⁇ Toil and Ts-Tps>5°C, the compressor heating zone is turned off.
  • different steps in the above-mentioned different embodiments may be recombined.
  • combining the different steps in the above-mentioned first embodiment and the third embodiment can obtain a new embodiment, which includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S10, S11, and S12 (Not shown in the figure); or combine the different steps in the second embodiment and the third embodiment to obtain another new embodiment, which includes steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 , S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11 and S12 (not shown in the figure).
  • the compressor mentioned in the present invention can be any compressor suitable for the purpose of the present invention, such as a rotary compressor, a scroll compressor, and the like.
  • the air-conditioning system mentioned in the present invention is any system suitable for the purpose of the present invention, such as split air-conditioning, integrated air-conditioning, VFR air-conditioning system and the like.

Abstract

一种控制压缩机加热带的方法，该方法包括：测量压缩机的吸气压力P以确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps；测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil；基于所述吸气饱和温度Tps、实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil确定所述压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。该方法基于上述三种温度以及它们之间存在的特定关系来决定压缩机加热带的打开或关闭，能够更加精确和有效地控制压缩机加热带，不仅能够阻止压缩机发生液击现象，而且能够有效地减少压缩机加热带的输出功率，从而提高整个空调系统的能效比。

Description

控制压缩机加热带的方法
优先权要求
本申请要求2019年10月25日提交的、申请号为“201911025589.X”的中国发明专利申请的优先权。该申请的内容通过引用全部结合到本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及控制空调系统的方法，具体地涉及控制压缩机加热带的方法。
背景技术
空调系统一般都包括在运行状态下能够在空调系统内循环流动的冷媒(也称为制冷剂或制冷工质)，该冷媒用于传递热能以使空调系统能够产生冷却、冷冻或加热或其组合等功能。冷媒例如可以是R134A或R410A。为了实现上述的冷却、冷冻或加热等功能，冷媒在每一个循环中都需要经历压缩、冷凝、膨胀和蒸发过程。因此，空调系统通常都包括压缩机、冷凝装置、膨胀装置和蒸发装置，其中，冷媒的压缩过程由压缩机完成。压缩机通过吸气端吸入低温低压的气体冷媒，然后将该低温低压的气体冷媒压缩成高温高压的气体冷媒并通过排气端排出压缩后的高温高压的气体冷媒。当空调系统由安装在室外环境中的室外机单元和置于室内的室内机单元组成时，压缩机一般都被安置在室外机单元中并因此随室外机单元一起处于室外环境中。
压缩机内设有润滑油，因此压缩机在工作期间能够得到润滑油的不间断地润滑，从而降低压缩机的摩擦和磨损，同时润滑油还能起到密封、冷却和降低运转噪音的作用。在压缩机工作过程中，部分润滑油还会随冷媒流遍整个空调系统。当压缩机停机时，进入压缩机的气体冷媒会冷凝成液体并且该液体冷媒会与压缩机的润滑油混在一起。当压缩机重新启动时，积累在压缩机内的液体冷媒和润滑油容易导致压缩机发生液击现象，进而损坏压缩机。另外，在室外环境温度比较低的情况下，润滑油的温度也会比较低， 并且当润滑油的温度低于一定温度值后，润滑油的润滑效果就会受到一定的影响，进而也会导致压缩机液击现象的发生。
因此，压缩机一般都设有用于加热液体冷媒和/或润滑油的加热带或其它加热装置。在需要的情况下，打开压缩机的加热带(即让加热带工作)来加热润滑油并气化润滑油中的液体冷媒，以便避免在压缩机启动时由于过低的润滑油温度和/或压缩机内的液体冷媒所造成的液击现象。因此，如何控制压缩机加热带以有效地避免压缩机的液击现象成为技术上的需要。
在现有技术中已经公开了一些控制压缩机加热带的方法，这些方法致力于克服或避免压缩机在启动时或运行过程中发生液击的现象。一种现有的控制压缩机加热带的方法是根据室外环境温度来决定压缩机加热带的开启时间。图1示出了这种方法的一种控制逻辑。如图1所示，以1个小时为控制周期，该控制方法以4级比例控制压缩机加热带的输出：0级、1级、2级、和3级，其中，各个级的开启比例为：0级比例为0(即加热带关闭)；1级比例为0.5(即压缩机加热带运行0.5小时)；2级比例为0.66(即压缩机加热带运行0.66小时)；3级比例为1(即压缩机加热带运行1小时)。当压缩机停机时间小于30分钟时，按照0级控制。当压缩机停机时间大于等于30分钟时，则基于环境温度Tao按照图1所示的控制逻辑决定压缩机加热带的开启时间。这种控制方法比较简单，不能有效地判断出压缩机是否存在液击问题。
中国发明专利CN105466095B则公开了一种改进的低温制冷空调机组电加热控制方法，该方法根据空调机组的停机或待机时间以及吸气过热度来控制压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。具体地，该方法先检测低温制冷空调机组当前的状态，所述状态包括停机状态、待机状态和运行状态。当低温制冷空调机组当前的状态为停机状态时，在接收到开机指令后，若停机时间达到第一预设时间，则控制电加热装置开启持续第二预设时间，然后再让压缩机开机运行。当低温制冷空调机组当前的状态为待机状态时，若待机时间未超过第三预设时间，控制电加热装置维持开启状态；若待机时间超过第三预设时间，关闭电加热装置，并且每隔第四预设时间开启电加热装置并持续第五预设时间。当低温制冷空调机组当前的状态为运行状态时，则计算低温制冷空调机组的吸气过热度，若所述吸气过热度未超过第一预设温度，则开启电加热装置。
然而，中国发明专利CN105466095B所公开的方法在空调机组停机或待机时只基于停机或待机的时间来控制加热带的开启还是关闭，而在空调机组运行时只基于压缩机的吸气过热度来决定加热带的开启还是关闭。因此该方法也不能精确地控制压缩机内润滑油中的液体冷媒溶入量，所导致的后果就是如果加热带运行的时间不足，压缩机仍然存在液击的风险并且润滑油的润滑效果也会受到不利的影响，或者如果加热带不必要地开启或运行时间过长，则浪费了能源，进而降低了整个空调系统的能效比。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有控制压缩机加热带的方法不能精确地和有效地控制压缩机加热带的关闭和打开的技术问题，本发明提供了一种控制压缩机加热带的方法，所述方法包括：测量压缩机的吸气压力P以确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps；测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil；并且基于所述吸气饱和温度Tps，实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil确定所述压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当0℃<Tps≤28℃，Toil<Tps+19℃，并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，所述方法还包括：如果所述压缩机缺少开启信号，所述压缩机加热带保持关闭。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，所述方法还包括：在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电的情况下，如果所述压缩机具有开启信号，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开并持续5-30分钟再关闭。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Tps＞28℃并且Toil＝0.7Tps+28℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当60℃＜Toil≦65℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
在上述控制压缩机加热带的方法的优选技术方案中，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在本发明的技术方案中，需要测量压缩机的吸气压力P、压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts、和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil，并且根据压缩机的吸气压力P确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps，然后基于压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts、吸气饱和温度Tps和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil这三种参数来控制压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。比较实际吸气温度Ts和吸气饱和温度Tps可以确定压缩机的吸气过热度，即Ts-Tps，如果Ts-Tps≥0时，说明压缩机的吸气端不存在液态冷媒；如果Ts-Tps<0，说明压缩机的吸气端存在液态冷媒，因此具有液击的风险。然而，本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法不仅仅考虑压缩机的吸气过热度Ts-Tps，而且还要考虑压缩机的润滑油温度Toil以及该温度与其它两种温度之间可能存在的关系，因为润滑油温度Toil也是影响压缩机是否产生液击现象的因素之一。因此，本发明的方法能够更加精确和有效地控制压缩机加热带的打开和关闭，既能有效地阻止压缩机发生液击现象，也能避免在需要打开压缩机加热带的情况下关闭该压缩机加热带而在不需要打开压缩机加热带的情况下打开该压缩机加热带的情况，从而有效地减少压缩机加热带的输出功率，进而提高了整个空调系统的能效比。另外，通过精确地控制压缩机加热带的开启，该方法还能够解决空调系统在制热开机时报低压故障的问题，从而保障空调系统正常运转
优选地，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，压缩机加热带在下述条件之一被满足时才打开：(1)0℃<Tps≤28℃， Toil<Tps+19℃，并且Ts-Tps<5℃；(2)Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃。条件(1)和(2)都是在吸气过热度Ts-Tps都是正值但是小于5℃的情况下，润滑油温度Toil和吸气饱和温度Tps二者之间还要满足特定的条件才会打开压缩机加热带，从而有助于精确地控制压缩机加热带的打开。
优选地，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，如果过热度Ts-Tps>5℃并且Toil≥Tps+19℃或者当Tps＞28℃并且Toil＝0.7Tps+28℃时，则控制压缩机加热带关闭。
优选地，在压缩机没有收到开启信号时，压缩机加热带不用打开，而是保持关闭。这样可以节省能源。优选地，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电的情况下，如果压缩机收到开启信号，则在过热度Ts-Tps>5℃并且Toil≥Tps+19℃的条件下，可以先打开压缩机加热带保持5-30分钟后再关闭。这样的控制方法既能避免不必要地打开压缩机加热带进而导致能源的浪费，又能避免压缩机在启动时发生液击的风险。
优选地，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行(意味着压缩机也在运行)的情况下，压缩机加热带在以下条件之一被满足时才打开：(1)60℃＜Toil≦65℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃；(2)65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps<5℃。这两个条件不仅要求过热度Ts-Tps都小于5℃，还要求润滑油温度Toil都大于60℃。相反地，如果过热度Ts-Tps大于5℃，并且润滑油温度Toil大于等于65℃，则不用打开压缩机加热带；或者，如果饱和吸气温度Tps＞28℃并且润滑油温度ToilToil＝0.7Tps+28℃，也不用打开压缩机加热带。因此，这样的控制方法也是既能避免不必要地打开压缩机加热带进而导致能源的浪费，又能避免压缩机在启动时发生液击的风险。
附图说明
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是现有技术一种控制压缩机加热带输出的控制逻辑；
图2是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的实施例的流程图；
图3是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第一种实施例的流程图；
图4是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第二种实施例的流程图；
图5是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第三种实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
为了解决现有压缩机加热带的控制方法不够精确并且存在浪费能源的问题，本发明提供了一种控制压缩机加热带的方法。图2是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的实施例的流程图。如图2所示，该方法包括：步骤S1，测量压缩机的吸气压力P以确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps；步骤S2,测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil；以及步骤S3，基于吸气饱和温度Tps、实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil确定压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。该方法基于这三种温度以及它们之间存在的特定关系来决定压缩机加热带的打开或关闭，因此该方法能够更加精确和有效地控制压缩机加热带，不仅能够阻止压缩机发生液击现象，而且也能够有效地减少压缩机加热带的输出功率，从而提高整个空调系统的能效比。另外，通过精确地控制压缩机加热带的开启，该方法还能够解决空调系统在制热开机时报低压故障的问题，从而保障空调系统正常运转。
图3是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第一种实施例的流程图。参照图3，在所示的实施例中，控制压缩机加热带的方法在步骤S1中测量压缩机的吸气压力P并根据该压力P确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps。在步骤S2中，该方法则测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil。基于吸气饱和温度Tps、实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil，该方法在步骤S3中确定压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。具体地，针对具有所述压缩机的空调系统在首次上电(即通电)和启动的情况，该方法基于吸气饱和温度Tps、实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil这三种温度或者基于吸气饱和温度Tps和润滑油温度Toil两种温度分别执行步骤S4、S5、S6、或S7。
如图3所示，步骤S4和S5都是涉及满足何种条件才打开压缩机加热带的情形。在步骤S4中，在具有所提及的压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当0℃<Tps≤28℃，Toil<Tps+19℃，并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，打开 压缩机加热带以消除压缩机内可能存在的冷媒积液。步骤S5同样是针对具有所提及的压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，压缩机加热带也打开。
继续参照图3，在具有所提及的压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，在步骤S6和S7中设定了关闭压缩机加热带的条件。具体地，如果Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps>5℃，压缩机加热带就被控制为关闭状态(步骤S6)。当Tps＞28℃并且Toil＝0.7Tps+28℃时，压缩机加热带也被关闭(步骤S7)。
图4是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第二种实施例的流程图。在该实施例中，控制压缩机加热带的方法包括步骤S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、和S9，其中，步骤S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7分别同前述实施例中的步骤S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7。然而，在本实施例中，控制压缩机加热带的方法还包括步骤S8和S9。具体地，如果压缩机缺少开启信号，压缩机加热带就保持关闭(步骤S8)。这种方法与现有技术中教导的压缩机关机时打开加热带，而在压缩机启动时关闭加热带的方法正好相反，在压缩机需要启动的情况下才考虑打开压缩机加热带。在步骤S9中，在具有压缩机的空调系统首次上电的情况下，如果压缩机具有开启信号，压缩机加热带则可以先打开5-30分钟然后再关闭。这样能够保证压缩机不会发生液击现象。
图5是本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的第三种实施例的流程图。如图5所示，在该实施例中，控制压缩机加热带的方法也包括步骤S1、S2、和S3。步骤S1涉及测量压缩机的吸气压力P并根据该压力P确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps。步骤S2则涉及测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil。然后，在步骤S3中，基于吸气饱和温度Tps、实际吸气温度Ts和润滑油温度Toil，确定压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。
参照图5，在图示的实施例中，控制压缩机加热带的方法还包括步骤S10、S11和S12。如图5所示，步骤S10、S11和S12都是针对具有上面所提及的压缩机的空调系统运行时的情况。具体地，在空调系统运行时，如果60℃＜Toil≦65℃并且过热度Ts-Tps<5℃，压缩机加热带则被打开(步骤S10)。如果65℃≦Toil并且过热度Ts-Tps<5℃，压缩机加热带也被打开(步骤S11)。然而，在步骤S12中，当65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，压缩机加 热带就被关闭。这是因为当润滑油温度大于或等于65℃时，压缩机的过热度也大于5℃，压缩机内不会存在冷媒的积液，不会有液击的风险，因此不需要打开压缩机加热带。
在本发明的其它实施例中，可以对上述不同实施例中的不同步骤进行重新组合。例如，将上述第一种实施例和第三种实施例中的不同步骤进行组合能够得到新的实施例，其包括步骤S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S10、S11和S12(图中未示出)；或者将上述第二种实施例和第三种实施例中的不同步骤进行组合以得到另外新的实施例，该实施例包括步骤S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9、S10、S11和S12(图中未示出)。
需要指出的是，除非有相反的明确指示，在本发明控制压缩机加热带的方法的上述每种实施例中，不同步骤不存在按照先后顺序执行的要求。这些不同步骤也有可能同时被执行。
还需要指出的是，本发明中提及的压缩机可以是任何适用于本发明目的的压缩机，例如旋转式压缩机、涡旋式压缩机等。同样地，本发明中提及的空调系统是任何适用于本发明目的的系统，例如分体式空调、一体式空调、VFR空调系统等。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    测量压缩机的吸气压力P以确定对应的吸气饱和温度Tps；
    测量压缩机的实际吸气温度Ts和压缩机的润滑油温度Toil；并且
    基于所述吸气饱和温度Tps，实际吸气温度Ts、润滑油温度Toil确定所述压缩机加热带的打开或关闭。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，
    在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当0℃<Tps≤28℃，Toil<Tps+19℃，并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，
    在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，
    在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：如果所述压缩机缺少开启信号，所述压缩机加热带保持关闭。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电的情况下，如果所述压缩机具有开启信号，当Toil≥Tps+19℃并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开并持续5-30分钟再关闭。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统首次上电和启动的情况下，当Tps＞28℃并且Toil＝0.7Tps+28℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当60℃＜Toil≦65℃并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps<5℃时，所述压缩机加热带打开。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的控制压缩机加热带的方法，其特征在于，在具有所述压缩机的空调系统运行的情况下，当65℃≦Toil并且Ts-Tps>5℃时，所述压缩机加热带关闭。
PCT/CN2020/120508 2019-10-25 2020-10-13 控制压缩机加热带的方法 WO2021078033A1 (zh)

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