WO2021077827A1 - 一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021077827A1
WO2021077827A1 PCT/CN2020/103652 CN2020103652W WO2021077827A1 WO 2021077827 A1 WO2021077827 A1 WO 2021077827A1 CN 2020103652 W CN2020103652 W CN 2020103652W WO 2021077827 A1 WO2021077827 A1 WO 2021077827A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
remaining capacity
capacity
change value
voltage
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PCT/CN2020/103652
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张明威
汤瑞超
袁曜
马理猴
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP20878515.4A priority Critical patent/EP4030176B1/en
Publication of WO2021077827A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021077827A1/zh
Priority to US17/724,923 priority patent/US20220255333A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery capacity tracking method, device and electronic equipment.
  • the battery system has been transformed from a single-cell structure (as shown in FIG. 1) to a multi-battery structure, so as to power electronic devices through multiple batteries to meet the power demand.
  • the existing battery capacity tracking method mainly uses the battery power management chip (coulomb counter) to perform statistical management on the parameters of a single battery.
  • the coulomb counter is used to count the remaining capacity and full charge capacity of the battery, and it cannot The other batteries in the multi-battery structure perform power monitoring.
  • a coulomb counter can be configured for each battery, but this operation will not only increase the number of electronic devices for smaller electronic devices, such as mobile phones. The volume will increase production costs. Therefore, how to use a single battery power management chip to track the capacity of multiple batteries is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery capacity tracking method, device, and electronic device, which can track the capacity of each battery without increasing the volume and production cost of the electronic device.
  • a battery capacity tracking method is provided, which is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series, and the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel to the first battery.
  • the method includes: acquiring the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching of the first battery between the fully charged state and the empty state; acquiring when the second battery is switched between the fully charged state and the empty state Corresponding second remaining capacity change value; determining the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery, the The full charge capacity of the second battery is directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip.
  • the full charge capacity of the second battery can be directly obtained.
  • the remaining capacity of the second battery in the fully charged state and the remaining capacity in the empty state can be directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip, so the second remaining capacity change corresponding to the second battery in the fully charged state and the empty state can be obtained. value.
  • the amount of charge flowing through the two batteries is the same no matter in the discharging process or in the charging process.
  • the change value of the first remaining capacity corresponding to the switching of the first battery between the fully charged state and the empty state, the second remaining capacity change value of the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched, and the second battery's
  • the full charge capacity determines the full charge capacity of the first battery. That is, a single coulomb counter chip is used to obtain the full charge capacity of two batteries, so as to realize effective monitoring of series double batteries.
  • the determining the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery includes: multiplying the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value and then dividing by the first remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery. Specifically, you can refer to the following formula:
  • FCC1 is the full charge capacity of the first battery
  • FCC2 is the full charge capacity of the second battery
  • ⁇ SOC 2 SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end is the second remaining capacity change value
  • n is the first remaining capacity change value.
  • SOC2_start is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery in the fully charged state
  • SOC2_end is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery in the empty state
  • SOC1_start is the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the fully charged state
  • SOC1_end is the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the empty state.
  • SOC2_start is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery in the empty state
  • SOC2_end is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery in the fully charged state
  • SOC1_start is the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the empty state
  • SOC1_end It is the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the fully charged state.
  • the full charge capacity of the second battery is multiplied by the second remaining capacity change value and then divided
  • Obtaining the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value includes: determining the first additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state during the charging process, and the first switch is connected in parallel to all The two ends of the first battery; determine the second additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state during the charging process, the second switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the second battery; the second battery After multiplying the full charge capacity by the second remaining capacity change value, add the second additional capacity and subtract the first additional capacity, and divide by the first remaining capacity change value to obtain the first battery’s Fully charged capacity.
  • the specific implementation can refer to the following formula:
  • FCC1 is the full charge capacity of the first battery
  • FCC2 is the full charge capacity of the second battery
  • ⁇ SOC 2 is the second remaining capacity change value
  • ⁇ SOC 1 is the first remaining capacity change value
  • ⁇ CC 1 is the first switch is closed
  • ⁇ CC 2 is the second additional capacity corresponding to the second switch in the closed state.
  • the acquiring the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching between the fully charged state and the empty state of the first battery includes: when the first battery is in the fully charged state or In a certain state in the emptying state, the first open circuit voltage of the first battery is obtained, and the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the first open circuit voltage; when the first battery is in all positions In the fully charged state or the empty state, obtain the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery, and determine the second remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the second open circuit voltage; The difference between the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity is determined as the first remaining capacity change value.
  • the first open-circuit voltage can be used to perform an OCV-TAB look-up method to obtain the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery.
  • the second open-circuit voltage can be used to perform an OCV-TAB look-up method to obtain the second battery corresponding to the first battery. The remaining capacity.
  • the first open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery in the fully charged state is OCV1-start
  • the first remaining power SOC1- corresponding to the first battery start OCV-TAB(OCV1-start)
  • the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery in the empty state is OCV1-end
  • the second remaining power corresponding to the first battery SOC1-end OCV-TAB(OCV1-end )
  • SOC1-start is subtracted from SOC1-end to obtain the first remaining capacity change value of the first battery.
  • the obtaining the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery includes: obtaining the first battery of the first battery in a preset period. Voltage, the second voltage of the second battery, the first temperature of the first battery, the second temperature of the second battery, and the corresponding discharge current of the first battery during the discharging process; when the When either the first voltage or the second voltage is less than the preset voltage threshold, the first temperature and the second temperature both meet the preset temperature, and the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold, according to the The first voltage, the discharge current, and the circuit impedance determine the second open circuit voltage; the circuit impedance includes the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery, and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the second open circuit voltage can be obtained by the following formula:
  • OCV1_end V1+I*R
  • OCV1_end represents the second open circuit voltage
  • V1 represents the first voltage of the first battery
  • I represents the discharge current
  • R represents the circuit impedance
  • the method further includes: obtaining the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment; determining the remaining capacity change value of the second battery from the initial moment to the current moment; The change value of the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery is multiplied by the full charge capacity of the second battery and divided by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery; The initial remaining capacity and the remaining capacity change value of the first battery are used to determine the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment; the electronic device is determined according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery The remaining capacity.
  • the remaining capacity change value of the first battery can be calculated according to the following formula:
  • FCC 1*(SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2) FCC 2*(SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2)
  • SOC 1_t1 is the remaining capacity of the first battery at the initial moment
  • SOC 1_t2 is the corresponding value of the first battery at the current moment The remaining capacity.
  • SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2 is the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery
  • SOC 2_t1 is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery at the initial time
  • SOC 2_t2 is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery at the current time
  • t1 represents the initial time
  • t2 Indicates the current moment. That is, the amount of charge flowing through the two batteries in the same time period is still the same.
  • the determining the remaining capacity of the electronic device according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery includes: combining the first battery and the second battery Second, the remaining capacity of the battery whose remaining capacity has changed is determined as the first target remaining capacity; the difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity is multiplied by the scaling factor, and then compared with the initial display value It is determined as the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment, and the initial display value is the remaining capacity displayed by the electronic device before the remaining capacity changes.
  • the remaining power of the electronic device can be calculated according to the following formula:
  • SOC is the remaining power of the electronic device
  • Ratio is the scaling factor of the overall power change of the electronic device
  • SOCtemp is the first target remaining capacity
  • SOCstart is the second target remaining capacity
  • UIstart is the initial display value.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the two batteries is fitted to one remaining capacity for display.
  • the method further includes: when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, determining the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance as the second target Remaining capacity; the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity is determined as the scaling factor; or, when from the full When the charging state is switched to the emptying state, the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the emptying state in advance is determined as the second target remaining capacity; the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity is determined as The scaling factor. That is, when the battery is in a charged state, you can refer to the following formula to determine the scaling factor:
  • the corresponding scaling factor calculation formulas are given for different states to adapt to different application scenarios.
  • the method further includes: acquiring a third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, the first switch being connected in parallel to the first battery To obtain the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, the second switch is connected in parallel with both ends of the second battery; the said second The remaining capacity change value of the battery is multiplied by the full charge capacity of the second battery and then divided by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the remaining capacity change value of the first battery, including: The remaining capacity change value of the battery is multiplied by the full charge capacity of the second battery, then the fourth additional capacity is added and the third additional capacity is subtracted, and then divided by the full charge capacity of the first battery, Obtain the remaining capacity change
  • ⁇ CC 3 is the third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption from the initial moment to the current moment when the first switch is in the closed state
  • ⁇ CC 4 is the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption from the initial moment to the current moment when the second switch is in the closed state.
  • the obtaining the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial time includes: obtaining the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial time and the second battery at the initial time.
  • the second initial voltage at time determine the open circuit voltage of the second battery according to the remaining capacity of the second battery at the initial time; add the open circuit voltage of the second battery to the first initial voltage and then The second initial voltage is subtracted to obtain the open circuit voltage of the first battery, and the initial remaining capacity of the first battery is determined according to the open circuit voltage of the first battery.
  • the first initial voltage of the first battery is V1
  • the second initial voltage of the second battery is V2.
  • the remaining capacity SOC2 corresponding to the second battery at the initial moment can be obtained, and the open circuit voltage can be obtained by looking up the table.
  • the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment can be determined according to the initial remaining capacity and the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery. Specifically, the initial remaining capacity is subtracted from the remaining capacity change value of the first battery to obtain the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the current moment.
  • another method for tracking battery capacity is provided.
  • the method is applied to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series, and the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel to the Both ends of the second battery, the method includes: acquiring a third remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery being switched from a fully charged state to a discharged state; acquiring the second battery being switched from a fully charged state to a discharged state The fourth remaining capacity change value corresponding to the time; the full charge capacity of the second battery is multiplied by the fourth remaining capacity change value and then divided by the third remaining capacity change value to obtain the first battery’s Fully charged capacity.
  • the acquiring the third remaining capacity change value corresponding to when the first battery changes from the fully charged state to the empty state includes: when the first battery is in the fully charged state, acquiring The third open circuit voltage of the first battery determines the third remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the third open circuit voltage; when the first battery is in the empty state, the corresponding third battery is obtained A fourth open circuit voltage, determining the fourth remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the fourth open circuit voltage; determining the difference between the third remaining capacity and the fourth remaining capacity as the third remaining capacity Change value.
  • a battery capacity tracking device which is characterized in that the device is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series, and the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel At both ends of the second battery, the device includes: a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain a first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched; and a second obtaining unit , Used to obtain the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching between the fully charged state and the empty state of the second battery; the first determining unit is used to obtain the second remaining capacity change value according to the first remaining capacity change value and the second remaining capacity The change value and the full charge capacity of the second battery determine the full charge capacity of the first battery, and the full charge capacity of the second battery is directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip.
  • the first determining unit is specifically configured to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value and then divide by the first remaining capacity The change value obtains the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the first determining unit when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, includes: a first determining subunit for determining that the first switch is in the charging process
  • the second determining sub-unit is used to determine the corresponding consumption when the second switch is in the closed state during the charging process.
  • the second additional capacity, the second switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery
  • the first calculation subunit is used to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value After adding the second additional capacity and subtracting the first additional capacity, then dividing by the first remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the first obtaining unit includes: a first obtaining subunit, configured to obtain when the first battery is in one of the fully charged state or the empty state The first open circuit voltage of the first battery determines the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the first open circuit voltage; the second acquisition subunit is used for when the first battery is in the full charge State or another state of the empty state, obtain the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery, and determine the second remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the second open circuit voltage; a third determination subunit , Used to determine the difference between the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity as the first remaining capacity change value.
  • the second acquiring subunit when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state, is specifically configured to acquire the first voltage of the first battery and the second battery in a preset period.
  • the current and the circuit impedance determine the second open circuit voltage; the circuit impedance includes the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery, and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the device further includes: a third acquiring unit, configured to acquire the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at an initial moment; and a second determining unit, configured to determine the second battery The remaining capacity change value from the initial time to the current time; the fourth acquiring unit is configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery and then divide by the first The full charge capacity of the battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery; the third determining unit is configured to determine the first battery at the current moment according to the initial remaining capacity and the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery The remaining capacity of the battery; a fourth determining unit, configured to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery.
  • the fourth determining unit includes: a fourth determining subunit, configured to determine the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery whose remaining capacity has changed among the first battery and the second battery Is the first target remaining capacity; the second calculation subunit is used to multiply the difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity by the scaling factor, and then add it to the initial display value to determine the current moment
  • the initial display value is the remaining capacity displayed by the electronic device before the remaining capacity changes.
  • the device further includes: a fifth determining unit, configured to, when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance Determined as the second target remaining capacity; a first calculation unit configured to calculate the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity, Determined as the scaling factor; or, a sixth determining unit, configured to determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance as the second target when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state Remaining capacity; a second calculation unit, configured to determine the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity as the scaling factor.
  • a fifth determining unit configured to, when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance Determined as the second target remaining capacity
  • a first calculation unit configured to calculate the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the maximum
  • the device further includes: a fifth acquiring unit, configured to acquire the third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, and the first switch is connected in parallel At both ends of the first battery; a sixth acquisition unit for acquiring the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, the second switch is connected in parallel to the second Both ends of the battery; the fourth obtaining unit is specifically configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value of the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery, and then add the fourth additional capacity and subtract The third additional capacity is divided by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery.
  • the third acquiring unit includes: a third acquiring subunit, configured to acquire the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial moment and the initial voltage of the second battery at the initial moment A second initial voltage; a fifth determining subunit for determining the open circuit voltage of the second battery according to the remaining capacity of the second battery at the initial moment; a sixth determining subunit for determining the second battery The open circuit voltage of the battery is added to the first initial voltage and the second initial voltage is subtracted to obtain the open circuit voltage of the first battery, and the open circuit voltage of the first battery is determined according to the open circuit voltage of the first battery. Initial remaining capacity.
  • another battery capacity tracking device is provided.
  • the device is applied to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series, and the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel to the At both ends of the second battery, the method includes: a seventh acquiring unit, configured to acquire a third remaining capacity change value corresponding to when the first battery changes from a fully charged state to an empty state; and an eighth acquiring unit, configured to Obtain the fourth remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery changing from the fully charged state to the empty state; the third calculation unit is configured to compare the full charge capacity of the second battery with the fourth remaining capacity change value After multiplying and dividing by the third remaining capacity change value, the full charge capacity of the first battery is obtained.
  • the seventh obtaining unit includes: a seventh determining subunit, configured to obtain the third open circuit voltage of the first battery when the first battery is in a fully charged state, The third remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the third open circuit voltage; an eighth determining subunit is used to obtain the fourth open circuit corresponding to the first battery when the first battery is in the empty state Voltage, determining the fourth remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery according to the fourth open circuit voltage; a ninth determining subunit, configured to determine the difference between the third remaining capacity and the fourth remaining capacity as the The third remaining capacity change value.
  • an electronic device in a fifth aspect, includes: a first battery, a second battery, a controller, a charging integrated circuit, and a coulomb counter chip; the first battery and the second battery are connected in series and used To supply power to the electronic device; the input terminal of the charging integrated circuit is used to connect a charging adapter to charge the first battery and the second battery; the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel with the second battery, Used to monitor the remaining capacity and full charge capacity of the second battery, and send the remaining capacity and the full charge capacity to the controller; the controller is used to obtain that the first battery is full The first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching between the charged state and the empty state; acquiring the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched; according to the first remaining capacity change value, The second remaining capacity change value and the full charge capacity of the second battery determine the full charge capacity of the first battery, and the full charge capacity of the second battery is directly obtained through the coulomb sensor coulomb counter chip.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which may include two batteries connected in series, so as to supply power to the electronic device through the two batteries connected in series, so as to meet the electronic device's requirement for large battery capacity.
  • the controller can directly obtain the full charge capacity of the second battery through the coulomb counter chip and the corresponding second remaining capacity change value when the full charge state and the empty state are switched. Therefore, the change value of the first remaining capacity corresponding to the switching of the first battery between the fully charged state and the empty state, the second remaining capacity change value of the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched, and the second battery's The full charge capacity determines the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the electronic device further includes: a first switch and a second switch;
  • the first switch and the resistor are connected in series and connected in parallel at both ends of the first battery; the second switch and the resistor are connected in series and connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery;
  • the controller is configured to close a switch connected in parallel with a battery with a larger voltage value when the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery is greater than a first preset voltage during the charging process.
  • the electronic device further includes: an analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter is connected in parallel with the first battery, and is used to collect the voltage of the first battery, and The analog voltage is converted into a digital voltage and sent to the controller.
  • the controller is specifically configured to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value and then divide by the first remaining capacity change value Obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, is also used to determine the corresponding first additional capacity consumed when the first switch is in the closed state during the charging process, the first switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the first battery; determining that the second switch is charging During the process, the second additional capacity consumed when it is in the closed state, the second switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery; the full charge capacity of the second battery is compared with the change value of the second remaining capacity After multiplying, adding the second additional capacity and subtracting the first additional capacity, and dividing by the first remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller is specifically configured to obtain the first open circuit of the first battery when the first battery is in one of the fully charged state or the empty state Voltage, the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the first open-circuit voltage; when the first battery is in the fully charged state or the empty state, the first remaining capacity is obtained.
  • the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the battery, the second remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the second open circuit voltage; the difference between the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity is determined as the first A value of remaining capacity change.
  • the controller when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state, is further configured to obtain the first voltage of the first battery and the first voltage of the second battery in a preset period.
  • the first temperature and the second temperature both meet the preset temperature, and the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold, according to the first voltage, the discharge current, and
  • the circuit impedance determines the second open circuit voltage; the circuit impedance includes the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery, and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment; determine the remaining capacity change value of the second battery from the initial moment to the current moment; Multiply the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery and divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the remaining capacity change value of the first battery; The initial remaining capacity and the remaining capacity change value of the first battery determine the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment; the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery are used to determine the The remaining capacity of the electronic device.
  • the controller is specifically configured to determine the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery whose remaining capacity has changed among the first battery and the second battery as the first target remaining capacity; The difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity is multiplied by a scaling factor, and then added to the initial display value to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment, and the initial display value is that the remaining capacity has changed The remaining capacity displayed by the aforementioned electronic device.
  • the controller is further configured to determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance as the first when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state 2.
  • Target remaining capacity determining the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity as the scaling factor; or
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance is determined as the second target remaining capacity; the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity Determined as the zoom factor.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, and the first switch is connected in parallel with the first switch. Two ends of the battery; obtaining the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption from the initial moment to the current moment when the second switch is in the closed state, the second switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the second battery;
  • the controller is specifically configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value of the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery, add the fourth additional capacity and subtract the third additional capacity, Divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller is specifically configured to obtain the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial moment and the second initial voltage of the second battery at the initial moment; The remaining capacity of the second battery at the initial moment is determined, the open circuit voltage of the second battery is determined; the open circuit voltage of the second battery is added to the first initial voltage and the second initial voltage is subtracted to obtain the The open circuit voltage of the first battery, and the initial remaining capacity of the first battery is determined according to the open circuit voltage of the first battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application first obtains the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching between the fully charged state and the empty state of the first battery, and the second battery is fully charged.
  • the corresponding second remaining capacity change value when the state and the empty state are switched.
  • when the battery is switched from the fully charged state to the empty state it means the discharging process; when the battery is switched from the empty state to the fully charged state, it means the charging process.
  • the full capacity of the first battery is determined according to the first remaining capacity change value and the second remaining capacity change value of the first battery and the full charge capacity of the second battery. Charge capacity.
  • the full charge capacity of the second battery can be directly obtained through the existing coulomb counter chip. That is, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application uses a single coulomb counter chip to obtain the full charge capacity of two batteries, so as to realize effective monitoring of the double batteries in series.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a single battery provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 2a is a graph showing the variation of open circuit voltage and remaining capacity
  • Figure 2b is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided for implementation of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a battery capacity tracking method provided by the implementation of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for tracking remaining capacity of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another electronic capacity tracking method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an electronic capacity tracking device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of another electronic capacity tracking device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the coulomb counter chip A device that uses an advanced microprocessor for intelligent control and processes the input signal to output the current battery power.
  • the coulomb counter chip may also be referred to as a coulomb counter device or a coulomb counter integrated circuit (IC), referred to as a coulomb counter IC.
  • Analog-to-digital converter used to sample the real-time voltage of the battery. If it is a separate ADC device, the system will not be able to obtain the open circuit voltage of battery a. In this case, the controller needs to actively trigger the ADC converter to sample the voltage.
  • Switch A, B It is the voltage equalization control device for two batteries, which allows the battery with low voltage to be charged by establishing a current bypass.
  • the coulomb counter IC detects the voltage across the resistor Rsense and converts it to the current value of the battery during discharging or charging, and then Integrate the current over time to obtain the coulomb counter (CC) flowing in the time period from t1 to t2, that is, obtain the capacity change ⁇ CC (unit: mAh) of the battery in this time period.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery at t1 is C1
  • the remaining capacity C2 (mAh) corresponding to the battery at t2 is determined according to C1 and ⁇ CC, that is, (C1 + ⁇ CC).
  • the remaining capacity C2 (mAh) corresponding to the current moment is not directly displayed on the electronic device, but converted into a percentage of capacity (C1 + ⁇ CC)/FCC, that is, the remaining capacity (state of charge, SOC).
  • the full charge CC (FCC) refers to the battery capacity corresponding to the battery in a fully charged state; the remaining capacity refers to the battery capacity corresponding to the battery at any time during the charging or discharging process.
  • the memory of the electronic device stores the initial full charge capacity FCC of the battery.
  • the full charge capacity FCC will change. Therefore, the coulomb meter can be used to periodically update the full charge capacity. Specifically, the battery is fully charged and discharged.
  • the coulomb counter IC detects the voltage across the resistor Rsense and converts it to the current value of the battery during the full charge and discharge process, and then calculates the current in time (the value used for full charge and discharge) Time) is integrated to obtain the full charge capacity of the battery FCC.
  • the coulomb meter can also sample the battery voltage in real time.
  • OCV open circuit voltage
  • the remaining capacity SOC corresponding to the current open circuit voltage is used to correct the remaining capacity of the battery and then displayed on the display interface of the electronic device.
  • the OCV-TAB table is a mapping table between the open circuit voltage OCV and the remaining capacity SOC. As shown in Table 1, when the open circuit voltage across the battery is 4.17V, the corresponding remaining capacity SOC is 100%, which is the full charge capacity; when the open circuit voltage across the battery is 3.2V, the corresponding remaining capacity SOC Is 0%.
  • a single coulomb counter can only track the full charge capacity FCC and remaining capacity SOC of a single battery (battery b), but cannot track the full charge capacity of another battery (battery a). And the remaining capacity, resulting in a battery management system (BMS) unable to monitor another battery.
  • BMS battery management system
  • a coulomb counter can also be connected in parallel at both ends of the other battery. However, this will not only increase the volume of the battery system, but also increase production costs.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery capacity tracking method. Without adding additional equipment, based on the existing single coulomb counter, the full charge capacity of the other battery in the series-connected dual battery is counted to reduce the electronic equipment.
  • the volume and cost of the system can effectively monitor the double battery in series. Specifically, when the battery is switched from the fully charged state to the empty state or from the empty state to the fully charged state, obtain the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery (battery a) when the two states are switched, and the second The battery (battery b) corresponds to the second remaining capacity change value when the two states are switched. Then, the full charge capacity of the first battery is determined according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery.
  • the core idea of this application is to derive the full charge capacity of another battery from the full charge capacity of a known battery.
  • the derivation principle is that the amount of charge flowing through the two batteries is equal when the battery is charged and discharged.
  • this application can also derive the remaining capacity of another battery through the change value of the remaining capacity of a known battery.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a battery capacity tracking method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the method is applied to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series.
  • the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery, and the method includes:
  • S302 Obtain a second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched.
  • the battery is switched between the fully charged state and the empty state, which may mean that the battery is in a discharged state or the battery is in a charged state.
  • the battery is in a discharged state, that is, switched from a fully charged state to an empty state
  • the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery when the discharge is completed and the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the discharge is completed are obtained.
  • the battery is in the charging state, that is, it is switched from the empty state to the fully charged state, and the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery when the charging is completed and the second remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery when the charging is completed are obtained. Change value.
  • the specific manifestations of the fully charged state and the empty state can be determined according to actual application conditions, which are not limited in this embodiment. For example, when the voltage at both ends of the battery reaches 4.17v, it can be determined as a fully charged state, and when the voltage at both ends of the battery is less than 3.21v, it can be determined as a discharged state.
  • the fully charged state refers to the state corresponding to when the remaining capacity of the battery is 100%
  • the empty state refers to the state corresponding to when the remaining capacity of the battery is 0%.
  • the controller can determine whether the battery reaches a fully charged state or an empty state by detecting the remaining capacity value through the coulomb meter.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the fully charged state and the corresponding remaining capacity when the first battery is switched to the empty state after discharge is obtained, and then the first remaining capacity of the first battery is determined according to the different remaining capacities corresponding to the two states. Capacity change value.
  • obtain the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery in the fully charged state and the corresponding remaining capacity when the second battery is switched to the empty state after discharge and then determine the second remaining capacity of the second battery according to the different remaining capacities corresponding to the two states Capacity change value.
  • the remaining capacity of the second battery in different states can be directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip, and then the second remaining capacity change value of the second battery can be directly calculated.
  • the remaining capacity of the first battery can be obtained through additional calculation, and then the first remaining capacity change value of the first battery can be obtained. Therefore, in a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, there is provided an implementation manner for obtaining the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching between the fully charged state and the empty state of the first battery, which is specifically as follows:
  • the first open circuit voltage of the first battery is obtained, and the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the first open circuit voltage.
  • the corresponding first open circuit voltage in the current state can be obtained, and then the first open circuit voltage can be obtained through Obtain the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first open circuit voltage by looking up the table OCV-TAB.
  • the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery in the current state is obtained, and then the second remaining open circuit voltage corresponding to the second open circuit voltage is obtained by looking up the table OCV-TAB capacity.
  • the first open circuit voltage and the second open circuit voltage of the first battery can be obtained by collecting analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in parallel.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • the electronic device when the battery is fully charged and begins to discharge, the electronic device is powered by the charger when the battery is just fully charged, and the coulomb counter detects that the battery current I is close to 0 and lasts for a certain period of time T (according to battery characteristics, battery stability time), confirm When the battery is in a static state, the voltage across the first battery is the first open circuit voltage at this time, and the first remaining capacity SOC of the first battery (battery a) can be accurately obtained by OCV-TAB look-up table. It can be understood that in the fully charged state, the remaining capacity SOC corresponding to the first battery is 100%.
  • the first battery when the first battery is switched from the fully charged state to the empty state, that is, in the discharge process, when obtaining the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery, it can be obtained in another way, specifically, by preset Periodically obtain the first voltage of the first battery, the second voltage of the second battery, the first temperature of the first battery, the second temperature of the second battery, and the discharge current corresponding to the first battery during the discharge process;
  • the first temperature and the second temperature both meet the preset temperature, and the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold
  • the second voltage is determined according to the first voltage, the discharge current, and the circuit impedance.
  • Open circuit voltage wherein, the circuit impedance includes at least the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the discharge current I of the first battery during the discharge process the first voltage V1 of the first battery, the second voltage V2 of the second battery, and the first battery can be sampled periodically.
  • the first temperature T1 of the battery and the second temperature T2 of the second battery When it is detected that (V1 or V2) is less than the preset voltage threshold, the discharge current I is less than the preset current threshold, and the first temperature T1 and the second temperature T2 both meet the preset temperature, then according to the first voltage V1, the discharge current I, and
  • the circuit impedance R determines the second open circuit voltage.
  • the preset voltage threshold may be preset according to actual application conditions, for example, the corresponding voltage before the electronic device is close to shutdown is determined as the preset voltage threshold.
  • the second open circuit voltage it can also be determined whether the duration of the discharge current less than the preset current threshold meets the preset duration when the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold. If yes, the second open circuit voltage is determined according to the first voltage V1, the discharge current I, and the circuit impedance R, so as to determine the second remaining capacity according to the second open circuit voltage.
  • the reason why the corresponding voltage when the first battery is about to be discharged, rather than the corresponding voltage at any time during the discharge process, is obtained because the corresponding discharge current when the first battery is about to be discharged If I is small enough, the voltage V1 at both ends is also small; and according to the battery discharge voltage curve (the trend of the battery discharge voltage curve is basically the same as Figure 2b), it can be seen that in the power-intensive area (the plateau area of the curve), the voltage change range is small but the remaining capacity The change is large, and when the battery is about to be emptied, the voltage change is large but the remaining capacity is small. Therefore, the corresponding voltage when the first battery is about to be emptied is selected for the look-up table, so as to ensure the remaining value obtained through the OCV-TAB look-up table The capacity is more accurate.
  • the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity are differentiated to obtain the first remaining capacity change value.
  • S303 Determine the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery, where the full charge capacity of the second battery is directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip.
  • the full charge capacity of the second battery is multiplied by the second remaining capacity change value and then divided by the first remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the actual calculation can refer to the following formula:
  • FCC 1 FCC 2*(SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end)/(SOC 1_start-SOC 1_end) (2)
  • FCC1 is the full charge capacity of the first battery
  • FCC2 is the full charge capacity of the second battery
  • ⁇ SOC 2 SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end is the second remaining capacity change value
  • n is the first remaining capacity change value.
  • the sign of the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery is the same as that of the first battery.
  • the sign of the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the two batteries is the same.
  • the equalization circuit is a parallel switch and a resistor at both ends of each battery, and the resistor and the switch are connected in series.
  • switch A and resistor Rbal are connected in series and connected in parallel to both ends of battery a
  • switch B and resistor Rbal are connected in series and connected in parallel to both ends of battery b.
  • the controller can detect the voltage of each battery in real time.
  • the first switch closing duration and the current flowing through the corresponding resistor when the first switch is closed are obtained, and then the first additional capacity consumed is determined according to the closing duration and the current.
  • the second switch when the second switch is closed during the charging process, obtain the closed duration of the second switch and the current flowing through the corresponding resistor when the second switch is closed, and then determine the second additional capacity consumed according to the closed duration and current.
  • first switch and the second switch cannot be closed at the same time. If the two switches are closed at the same time, as shown in Fig. 2b, the two batteries will be short-circuited and charging cannot be achieved.
  • ⁇ CC 1 is the first extra capacity corresponding to when the first switch is in the closed state
  • ⁇ CC 2 is the second extra capacity corresponding to when the second switch is in the closed state.
  • FCC1 is the full charge capacity of the first battery
  • FCC2 is the full charge capacity of the second battery
  • ⁇ SOC 2 is the second remaining capacity change value
  • ⁇ SOC 1 is the first remaining capacity change value
  • the full charge capacity of the other battery in the series-connected dual battery is counted, reducing the volume and cost of the electronic device, and realizing the effectiveness of the series-connected dual battery. monitor. Specifically, when the battery is switched from the fully charged state to the empty state or from the empty state to the fully charged state, the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the switching of the two states of the first battery is obtained, and the second battery is in the two states. Corresponds to the second remaining capacity change value when the state is switched. Then, the full charge capacity of the first battery is determined according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery.
  • the BMS not only needs to monitor the full charge capacity of each battery, but also needs to monitor the remaining capacity of each battery, so as to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device according to the remaining capacity of each battery. Therefore, when the full charge capacity of the first battery is determined, the remaining capacity of the first battery can also be determined according to the full charge capacity of the first battery, and then the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery are used to determine the electronic device The overall remaining capacity.
  • the implementation process of determining the remaining capacity of the electronic device will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining the remaining capacity of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method may include:
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment is acquired, so that when the remaining capacity of the electronic device is subsequently determined in real time, the determination can be made on the basis of the initial remaining capacity.
  • the initial time may be the time corresponding to when the electronic device is turned on.
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment can be obtained in the following manner:
  • the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial moment can be obtained by a parallel analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the second initial voltage of the second battery at the initial moment can be obtained by a coulomb counter chip.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery can be obtained in real time through the coulomb counter chip, and then the open circuit voltage corresponding to the remaining capacity at the initial moment can be obtained according to the look-up table OCV-TAB.
  • the first initial voltage of the first battery a is Va
  • the second initial voltage of the second battery b is Vb
  • the remaining capacity SOCb corresponding to the second battery b at the initial moment can be obtained.
  • OCVb OCV-TAB(SOCb)
  • OCVa-OCVb Va-Vb
  • the open circuit voltage of the first battery OCVa OCVb+Va-Vb
  • the initial remaining capacity of the first battery SOCa_init OCV- TAB(OCVa).
  • S402 Determine the remaining capacity change value of the second battery from the initial time to the current time.
  • the remaining capacity of the second battery at the initial time and the remaining capacity at the current time can be obtained through the coulomb counter chip, and then the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery from the initial time to the current time can be obtained.
  • S403 Multiply the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery and divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the remaining capacity change value of the first battery.
  • the corresponding change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery from the initial time to the current time can be determined according to the above parameters.
  • SOC 1_t1 is the remaining capacity of the first battery at the initial moment
  • SOC 1_t2 is the corresponding value of the first battery at the current moment The remaining capacity.
  • SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2 is the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery
  • SOC 2_t1 is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery at the initial time
  • SOC 2_t2 is the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery at the current time
  • t1 represents the initial time
  • t2 Indicates the current moment.
  • the states of the first switch and the second switch also need to be considered. Specifically:
  • the remaining capacity change value of the first battery is determined according to the third additional capacity and the fourth additional capacity.
  • ⁇ CC 3 is the corresponding third additional capacity consumed from the initial moment to the current moment when the first switch is in the closed state
  • ⁇ CC 4 is the fourth additional capacity correspondingly consumed from the initial moment to the current moment when the second switch is in the closed state.
  • ⁇ CC t1-t2 ⁇ CC 4- ⁇ CC 3.
  • S404 Determine the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment according to the initial remaining capacity and the remaining capacity change value of the first battery.
  • S405 Determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery.
  • the remaining capacity of the electronic device is determined according to the respective remaining capacities of the two batteries.
  • the remaining capacity of the first battery can be determined, but also the remaining capacity of the electronic device can be determined according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery.
  • this embodiment provides an implementation manner for determining the remaining capacity of an electronic device. See FIG. 5, which is a flowchart of another method for determining the remaining capacity of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the methods include:
  • S501 Determine the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery whose remaining capacity has changed among the first battery and the second battery as the first target remaining capacity.
  • the BMS can monitor the respective remaining capacity of the first battery and the second battery in real time, and when detecting a change in the remaining capacity of one of the batteries, the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery in which the remaining capacity has changed is determined as the first target remaining capacity. For example, when the remaining capacity of the first battery changes, the remaining capacity of the first battery is determined as the first target remaining capacity, and when the remaining capacity of the second battery changes, the remaining capacity of the second battery is determined as the first Target remaining capacity.
  • S502 Multiply the difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity by the scaling factor, and then add it to the initial display value to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment.
  • the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment can be determined for display on the electronic device.
  • the initial display value is the remaining capacity displayed by the electronic device before the remaining capacity is changed.
  • SOC is the remaining power of the electronic device
  • Ratio is the scaling factor
  • SOCtemp is the first target remaining capacity
  • SOCstart is the second target remaining capacity
  • UIstart is the initial display value.
  • the remaining capacity SOC corresponding to the electronic device at the time when the battery capacity changes, or to determine which battery capacity is changing, mark the battery. After a period of time, The remaining capacity corresponding to the battery at the current moment is the first target remaining capacity, and then the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment is calculated.
  • the second target remaining capacity may be determined according to the state of charge of the first battery and the second battery, and the scaling factor may be determined according to the second target remaining capacity and the initial display value. Specifically, when the battery is being charged, that is, in the process of switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance is determined as the second target remaining capacity. In practical applications, you can determine which battery has reached the full charge state in advance by the following methods: determine which value of FCCa*(1-SOCa) and FCCb*(1–SOCb) is smaller, and the smaller value corresponds to the remaining capacity of the battery Determined as the second target remaining capacity. Wherein, the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance is the remaining capacity corresponding to the initial time when the battery is charged.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that first undergoes remaining capacity conversion is determined as the first target remaining capacity
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that first reaches the fully charged state or the empty state is determined as the second target remaining capacity.
  • Target remaining capacity It is understandable that the battery that first reaches the fully charged state or the emptied state is also the battery that changes the remaining capacity first. Therefore, it is determined that the battery corresponding to the first target remaining capacity and the battery corresponding to the second target remaining capacity are the same battery. . That is, by judging which battery reaches the fully charged state or the empty state in advance, a reference standard is selected for subsequent calculation of the remaining capacity of the electronic device.
  • the battery when the battery that first reaches the fully charged state or the empty state is determined, the battery can be marked.
  • the marked battery will be marked at the current moment. The corresponding remaining capacity is determined as the first target remaining capacity.
  • the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity is determined as the scaling factor. Specifically:
  • the scaling factor Ratio is 0.5.
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance is determined as the second target remaining capacity.
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance is the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery at the initial moment of discharge.
  • the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity is determined as the scaling factor. Specifically:
  • the first target remaining capacity SOCtemp and the second target remaining capacity SOCstart come from the same battery, and which battery comes from specifically depends on which battery is predicted to be fully charged in advance according to the charging and discharging scenario, and which battery is emptied in advance.
  • the scaling factor Ratio, the second target remaining capacity SOCstart, and the initial display value UIstart are usually re-updated when the charging and discharging scenes are switched to cope with the scaling changes caused by the scene changes.
  • the scaling factor may also be updated to ensure the accuracy of the determined remaining capacity of the electronic device.
  • the preset threshold is 10%
  • the scaling factor is updated.
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to battery a is 60%
  • the remaining capacity corresponding to battery b is 40%, FCCa-SOCa*FCCa ⁇ FCCb-SOCb*FCCb
  • the second target remaining capacity SOCstart is that the initial remaining capacity corresponding to battery a is 60%
  • the identification of battery a is stored, so that when the remaining capacity corresponding to the electronic device at a certain time is subsequently determined, the battery a corresponding to that time
  • the remaining capacity is determined as the first target remaining capacity.
  • the first target remaining capacity SOCstemp is 90%.
  • the remaining capacity of battery a is 60%
  • the remaining capacity of battery b is 30%
  • SOCa*FCCa ⁇ SOCb*FCCb it can be seen that battery b reaches the empty state first
  • the second target remaining capacity SOCstart indicates that the initial remaining capacity corresponding to battery b is 30%
  • the identification of battery b is stored, so that when the remaining capacity corresponding to the electronic device at a certain time is subsequently determined, the remaining capacity corresponding to battery b at that time is determined as the first target remaining capacity.
  • the first target remaining capacity SOCstemp is 20%.
  • the electronic device has only one coulomb counter chip, it is possible to effectively track the respective full charge capacity and remaining capacity of the two batteries, and after obtaining the respective remaining capacity of the two batteries, the The fitting is performed as a remaining capacity displayed on the electronic device, so that the user can intuitively understand the overall remaining capacity of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another battery capacity tracking method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the method is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series.
  • the coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery, and the method includes:
  • S601 Acquire a third remaining capacity change value corresponding to when the first battery is switched from a fully charged state to an empty state.
  • S602 Acquire a fourth remaining capacity change value corresponding to when the second battery is switched from a fully charged state to an empty state.
  • the corresponding third remaining capacity change value when the first battery is discharged from the fully charged state to the empty state, and the corresponding fourth remaining capacity change value when the second battery is discharged from the fully charged state to the empty state are obtained.
  • the first battery when the first battery is in a fully charged state, obtaining a third open circuit voltage of the first battery, and determining the corresponding value of the first battery according to the third open circuit voltage
  • the third remaining capacity when the first battery is in the empty state, the fourth open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery is obtained, and the fourth remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the fourth open circuit voltage; the third remaining capacity is compared with the fourth remaining
  • the difference in capacity is determined as the third remaining capacity change value. That is, the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the fully charged state and the remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery in the empty state are respectively obtained, and the two can be subtracted to obtain the corresponding first battery when the first battery changes from the fully charged state to the empty state. 3. Change value of remaining capacity. For the specific calculation process, please refer to method embodiment 3, which will not be repeated here in this embodiment.
  • S603 Multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the fourth remaining capacity change value and then divide by the third remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the first battery and the second battery are discharged at the same time, the current is the same and the battery duration is the same, so the amount of charge flowing through the first battery is equal to the amount of charge of the second battery. Therefore, the first battery can be The full charge capacity of the second battery is multiplied by the fourth remaining capacity change value to obtain the amount of charge flowing through the second battery during the discharging process of the second battery, and then divided by the third remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery capacity tracking device, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a battery capacity tracking device provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 7, the device may include:
  • the first acquiring unit 701 is configured to acquire the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched;
  • the second acquiring unit 702 is configured to acquire the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched;
  • the first determining unit 703 is configured to determine the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery.
  • the full charge capacity of the second battery is directly obtained through the coulomb counter chip.
  • the first determining unit is specifically configured to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value and then divide by the first remaining capacity The change value obtains the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the first determining unit when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, includes:
  • a first determining subunit configured to determine the corresponding first additional capacity consumed when the first switch is in a closed state during a charging process, the first switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the first battery;
  • a second determining subunit configured to determine the second additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state during the charging process, the second switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery;
  • the first calculation subunit is used for multiplying the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value, adding the second additional capacity and subtracting the first additional capacity, and dividing by the total
  • the first remaining capacity change value obtains the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the first acquiring unit includes:
  • the first acquisition subunit is configured to acquire the first open circuit voltage of the first battery when the first battery is in one of the fully charged state or the empty state, according to the first open circuit voltage Determining the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery;
  • the second acquisition subunit is configured to acquire the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery when the first battery is in the fully charged state or the empty state, and according to the second open circuit The voltage determines the second remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery;
  • the third determining subunit is configured to determine the difference between the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity as the first remaining capacity change value.
  • the second acquiring subunit when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state, is specifically configured to acquire the first voltage of the first battery and the second battery in a preset period.
  • the first temperature and the second temperature both meet the preset temperature, and the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold
  • the second open circuit voltage is determined according to the first voltage, the discharge current, and the circuit impedance; the circuit impedance includes the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery, and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the device further includes:
  • the third acquiring unit is configured to acquire the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment
  • a second determining unit configured to determine the remaining capacity change value of the second battery from the initial time to the current time
  • the fourth acquiring unit is configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery and divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the first battery The remaining capacity change value;
  • a third determining unit configured to determine the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment according to the initial remaining capacity and the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery
  • the fourth determining unit is configured to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device according to the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery.
  • the fourth determining unit includes:
  • a fourth determining subunit configured to determine the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery whose remaining capacity has changed among the first battery and the second battery as the first target remaining capacity
  • the second calculation subunit is configured to multiply the difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity by a scaling factor, and then add it to the initial display value to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment,
  • the initial display value is the remaining capacity displayed by the electronic device before the remaining capacity is changed.
  • the device further includes:
  • a fifth determining unit configured to determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance as the second target remaining capacity when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state;
  • the first calculation unit is configured to determine the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity as the scaling factor; or,
  • a sixth determining unit configured to determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance as the second target remaining capacity when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state;
  • the second calculation unit is configured to determine the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity as the scaling factor.
  • the device further includes:
  • a fifth obtaining unit configured to obtain the third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state from the initial time to the current time, the first switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the first battery;
  • a sixth acquiring unit configured to acquire the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state from the initial time to the current time, the second switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery;
  • the fourth obtaining unit is specifically configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value of the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery, and then add the fourth additional capacity and subtract the third additional capacity.
  • the capacity is divided by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery.
  • the third acquiring unit includes:
  • the third acquiring subunit is configured to acquire the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial moment and the second initial voltage of the second battery at the initial moment;
  • a fifth determining subunit configured to determine the open circuit voltage of the second battery according to the remaining capacity corresponding to the second battery at the initial moment
  • the sixth determining subunit is configured to add the open circuit voltage of the second battery to the first initial voltage and subtract the second initial voltage to obtain the open circuit voltage of the first battery, and according to the The open circuit voltage of the first battery determines the initial remaining capacity of the first battery.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of another battery capacity tracking device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the device is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device includes a coulomb counter chip, a first battery and a second battery connected in series, The coulomb counter chip is connected in parallel at both ends of the second battery, and the device includes:
  • the seventh obtaining unit 801 is configured to obtain a third remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery changing from a fully charged state to an empty state;
  • An eighth obtaining unit 802 configured to obtain a fourth remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the second battery changes from a fully charged state to an empty state;
  • the third calculation unit 803 is configured to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the fourth remaining capacity change value and then divide by the third remaining capacity change value to obtain the full charge of the first battery capacity.
  • the seventh acquiring unit includes:
  • the seventh determining subunit is configured to obtain the third open circuit voltage of the first battery when the first battery is in a fully charged state, and determine the third remaining battery corresponding to the first battery according to the third open circuit voltage capacity;
  • the eighth determining subunit is configured to obtain the fourth open circuit voltage corresponding to the first battery when the first battery is in the empty state, and determine the fourth remaining voltage corresponding to the first battery according to the fourth open circuit voltage capacity;
  • the ninth determining subunit is configured to determine the difference between the third remaining capacity and the fourth remaining capacity as the third remaining capacity change value.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 2b is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the electronic device includes: a first battery 901, a second battery 902, a controller 903, and a coulomb counter chip 904 And charging integrated circuit 905.
  • the first battery 901 and the second battery 902 are connected in series to supply power to the electronic device; wherein, the first battery 901 is battery a, and the second battery 902 is battery b.
  • the input terminal of the charging integrated circuit 905 is connected to the charging adapter, the output terminal of the charging integrated circuit is used to connect the positive electrode of the first battery 901, the negative electrode of the first battery 901 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery 902, and the negative electrode of the second battery 902 passes through a resistor. Grounded.
  • the charging integrated circuit 905 is used to charge the first battery 901 and the second battery 902; wherein, the charging integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC) may be referred to as a charging IC for short.
  • the coulomb counter chip 904 is connected in parallel with the second battery 902 to monitor the remaining capacity and full charge capacity of the second battery 902, and send the remaining capacity and full charge capacity to the controller 903;
  • the controller 903 is configured to obtain the first remaining capacity change value corresponding to the first battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched; and to obtain the second remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery when the fully charged state and the empty state are switched.
  • Capacity change value determine the full charge capacity of the first battery according to the first remaining capacity change value, the second remaining capacity change value, and the full charge capacity of the second battery, and the full charge of the second battery The charge capacity is directly obtained through the coulomb sensor coulomb counter chip.
  • the electronic device further includes: a first switch 906 and a second switch 907;
  • the first switch 906 and the resistor Rbal are connected in series and connected to both ends of the first battery 901 in parallel; the second switch 907 and the resistor are connected in parallel to both ends of the second battery 902 after being connected in series.
  • the first switch 906 is switch A
  • the second switch 907 is switch B.
  • the controller is configured to close a switch connected in parallel with a battery with a larger voltage value when the voltage difference between the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery is greater than a first preset voltage during the charging process.
  • the first switch 906 and the second switch 907 are voltage equalization control devices for two batteries, which can establish a current bypass to charge a battery with a low voltage.
  • the electronic device further includes: an analog-to-digital converter 908;
  • the analog-to-digital converter 908 is connected in parallel with the first battery 901 to collect the voltage of the first battery 901, convert the collected analog voltage into a digital voltage and send it to the controller.
  • the controller is specifically configured to multiply the full charge capacity of the second battery by the second remaining capacity change value and then divide by the first remaining capacity change value Obtain the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state, is further configured to determine the first additional amount consumed when the first switch is in the closed state during the charging process. Capacity, the first switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the first battery; the second additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the second switch is in the closed state during the charging process is determined, and the second switch is connected in parallel to the second battery Both ends of the second battery’s full charge capacity and the second remaining capacity change value are multiplied, the second additional capacity is added and the first additional capacity is subtracted, and then divided by the first remaining capacity The capacity change value obtains the full charge capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller is specifically configured to obtain the first open circuit of the first battery when the first battery is in one of the fully charged state or the empty state Voltage, the first remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the first open-circuit voltage; when the first battery is in the fully charged state or the empty state, the first remaining capacity is obtained.
  • the second open circuit voltage corresponding to the battery, the second remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery is determined according to the second open circuit voltage; the difference between the first remaining capacity and the second remaining capacity is determined as the first A value of remaining capacity change.
  • the controller when switching from the fully charged state to the empty state, is further configured to obtain the first voltage of the first battery and the first voltage of the second battery in a preset period.
  • the first temperature and the second temperature both meet the preset temperature, and the discharge current is less than the preset current threshold, according to the first voltage, the discharge current, and
  • the circuit impedance determines the second open circuit voltage; the circuit impedance includes the discharge line impedance, the internal resistance of the first battery, and the internal resistance of the second battery.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the first battery at the initial moment; determine the remaining capacity change value of the second battery from the initial moment to the current moment; Multiply the remaining capacity change value corresponding to the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery and divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the remaining capacity change value of the first battery; The initial remaining capacity and the remaining capacity change value of the first battery determine the remaining capacity of the first battery at the current moment; the remaining capacity of the first battery and the remaining capacity of the second battery are used to determine the The remaining capacity of the electronic device.
  • the controller is specifically configured to determine the remaining capacity corresponding to the battery whose remaining capacity has changed among the first battery and the second battery as the first target remaining capacity; The difference between the first target remaining capacity and the second target remaining capacity is multiplied by a scaling factor, and then added to the initial display value to determine the remaining capacity of the electronic device at the current moment, and the initial display value is that the remaining capacity has changed The remaining capacity displayed by the aforementioned electronic device.
  • the controller is further configured to determine the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the fully charged state in advance as the first when switching from the empty state to the fully charged state 2.
  • Target remaining capacity determining the ratio of the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the initial display value and the difference between the maximum remaining capacity minus the second target remaining capacity as the scaling factor; or
  • the initial remaining capacity corresponding to the battery that has reached the empty state in advance is determined as the second target remaining capacity; the ratio of the initial display value to the second target remaining capacity Determined as the zoom factor.
  • the controller is further configured to obtain the third additional capacity corresponding to the consumption when the first switch is in the closed state from the initial moment to the current moment, and the first switch is connected in parallel with the first switch. Two ends of the battery; obtaining the fourth additional capacity corresponding to the consumption from the initial moment to the current moment when the second switch is in the closed state, the second switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the second battery;
  • the controller is specifically configured to multiply the remaining capacity change value of the second battery by the full charge capacity of the second battery, add the fourth additional capacity and subtract the third additional capacity, Divide by the full charge capacity of the first battery to obtain the change value of the remaining capacity of the first battery.
  • the controller is specifically configured to obtain the first initial voltage of the first battery at the initial moment and the second initial voltage of the second battery at the initial moment; The remaining capacity of the second battery at the initial moment is determined, the open circuit voltage of the second battery is determined; the open circuit voltage of the second battery is added to the first initial voltage and the second initial voltage is subtracted to obtain the The open circuit voltage of the first battery, and the initial remaining capacity of the first battery is determined according to the open circuit voltage of the first battery.
  • At least one (item) refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, “A and/or B” can mean: only A, only B, and both A and B , Where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an “or” relationship.
  • the following at least one item (a) or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", “a and c", “b and c", or "a and b and c" ", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in combination with the embodiments disclosed in this document can be directly implemented by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other technical field Any other known storage media.

Abstract

一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及设备，针对串联的两个电池，获取第一电池（901）在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值（S301），获取第二电池（902）在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值（S302），当获取电池从某一状态向另一种状态切换时对应的剩余容量变化值后，根据第一剩余容量变化值、第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池（902）的满充容量确定第一电池（901）的满充容量（S303），其中，第二电池（902）的满充容量可以通过现有的库伦计芯片直接获得。电池容量跟踪方法、装置及设备利用单个库伦计芯片获得两个电池的满充容量，能实现对串联双电池容量的有效监控。

Description

一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备
本申请要求于2019年10月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911007915.4、申请名称为“一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备。
背景技术
随着电子设备对电池容量需求的不断增加，促使电池系统从单电池结构(如图1所示)到多电池结构的转变，以通过多个电池为电子设备供电，满足电量需求。
而现有的电池容量跟踪方法主要利用电池电量管理芯片(库仑计)对单个电池的参数进行统计管理，如图1所示，利用库仑计统计电池的剩余容量、满充容量等参数，无法对多电池结构中的其它电池进行电量监控。此种情况下，为获得每个电池的满充容量以及剩余容量，可以为每个电池配置一个库仑计，但这种操作对于体积较小的电子设备而言，例如手机，不仅会增加电子设备的体积，还会增加生产成本。因此，如何利用单个电池电量管理芯片跟踪多个电池的容量是急需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电池容量跟踪方法、装置及电子设备，在不增加电子设备体积以及生产成本的情况下，实现对各个电池容量的跟踪。
为解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供的技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种电池容量跟踪方法，所述方法应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦计芯片直接获得。
在该实施方式中，由于第二电池两端并联有库伦计芯片，可以直接获取第二电池的满充容量。同时也可以通过库伦计芯片直接获得第二电池在满充状态时的剩余容量、放空状态时的剩余容量，因此可以获得第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值。而且由于无论在放电过程还是在充电过程，流过两个电池的电荷量是相同的。因此，可以根据第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值、第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池的满充容量确定出第一电池的满充容量。即利用单个库伦计芯片获得两个电池的满充容量，实现对串联双电池的有效监控。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变 化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，包括：将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。具体地，可以参见下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000001
其中，FCC1为第一电池的满充容量，FCC2为第二电池的满充容量，ΔSOC 2＝SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end为第二剩余容量变化值，
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000002
n为第一剩余容量变化值。以放电过程为例，SOC2_start为第二电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC2_end为第二电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC1_start为第一电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC1_end为第一电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量。以充电过程为例，SOC2_start为第二电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC2_end为第二电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC1_start为第一电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量，SOC1_end为第一电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量。上述等式之所以成立，是因为串联的两个电池，无论在充电状态还是放电状态，流过两个电池的电流相同以及电流持续时长相同，因此流过两个电池的电荷量相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量，包括：确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。具体实现可以参见下述公式：
FCC 1*ΔSOC 1+ΔCC 1＝FCC 2*ΔSOC 2+ΔCC 2
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000003
其中，FCC1为第一电池的满充容量，FCC2为第二电池的满充容量，ΔSOC 2为第二剩余容量变化值，ΔSOC 1为第一剩余容量变化值，ΔCC 1为第一开关处于闭合状态时对应的第一额外容量，ΔCC 2为第二开关处于闭合状态时对应的第二额外容量。
即，在实际应用中考虑第一开关和第二开关处于闭合状态时所消耗的额外容量。由于串联的两个电池，当开关A闭合开关B断开时，流过电池A和电阻的电流之和与流过电池B的电流相同，并且电流持续时长相同，因此流过电池A和电阻的电荷量与流过电池B的电荷量相等。同理，当开关A断开开关B闭合时，流过电池A的电流与流过电池B和电阻的电流之和相同，并且电流持续时长相同，因此流过电池A电荷量与流过电池B和电阻的电荷量相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值，包括：当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对 应的第一剩余容量；当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
具体地，可以利用第一开路电压进行OCV-TAB查表方式获得第一电池对应的第一剩余容量，同理，利用第二开路电压进行OCV-TAB查表方式获得第一电池对应的第二剩余容量。具体实现时，以第一电池从满充状态切换至放空状态为例，第一电池在满充状态下对应的第一开路电压为OCV1-start，则第一电池对应的第一剩余电量SOC1-start＝OCV-TAB(OCV1-start)；第一电池在放空状态下对应的第二开路电压为OCV1-end，则第一电池对应的第二剩余电量SOC1-end＝OCV-TAB(OCV1-end)，则SOC1-start减去SOC1-end得到第一电池的第一剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，包括：以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。具体地，可以通过下述公式获得第二开路电压：
OCV1_end＝V1+I*R
其中，OCV1_end表示第二开路电压，V1表示第一电池的第一电压，I表示放电电流，R表示电路阻抗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。在具体实现时，第一电池的剩余容量变化值可以根据下述公式进行计算：
FCC 1*(SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2)＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2)
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000004
其中，ΔSOC＝SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2为第一电池从初始时刻到当前时刻对应的剩余容量变化值，SOC 1_t1为第一电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，SOC 1_t2为第一电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量。SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2为第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值，SOC 2_t1为第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，SOC 2_t2为第二电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量，t1表示初始时刻，t2表示当前时刻。即，仍利用在同一时间段内流过两个电池的电荷量是相同的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量，包括：将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。具体实现，电子设备的剩余电量可以根据下述公式进行计算：
SOC＝Ratio*(SOCtemp-SOCstart)+UIstart
其中，SOC为电子设备的剩余电量，Ratio为电子设备整体电量变化的缩放系数，SOCtemp为第一目标剩余容量，SOCstart为第二目标剩余容量，UIstart为初始显示值。
在该实施方式中，由于用户通常关系电子设备整个容量，因此将两个电池对应的剩余容量拟合为一个剩余容量进行显示。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。即，当电池处于充电状态时，可以参见下述公式确定缩放系数：
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000005
当电池处于放电状态时，可以参见下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000006
在该实施方式中，针对不同的状态给出对应的缩放系数计算公式，以适应不同的应用场景。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述将所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值之前，所述方法还包括：获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；所述述将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，包括：将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。具体实现时，可以参见下述公式：
FCC 1*(SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2)+ΔCC 3＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2)+ΔCC 4
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000007
其中，ΔCC 3为从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容 量，ΔCC 4为从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量，包括：获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。具体地，第一电池的第一初始电压为V1，第二电池的第二初始电压为V2，根据库伦计芯片可以获得第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量SOC2，可以通过查表获得开路电压OCV2＝OCV-TAB(SOC2)，则有OCV1–OCV2＝V1–V2，第一电池的开路电压OCV1＝OCV2+V1-V2，则第一电池的初始剩余容量SOC1_init＝OCV-TAB(OCV1)。然后可根据初始剩余容量以及第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量。具体地，将初始剩余容量与第一电池的剩余容量变化值相减，获得当前时刻第一电池对应的剩余容量。即
SOC 1＝SOC 1_init-ΔSOC
第二方面，提供了另一种电池容量跟踪方法，所述方法应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：获取所述第一电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值；获取所述第二电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第四剩余容量变化值；将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第四剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第三剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述获取所述第一电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值，包括：当所述第一电池处于满充状态时，获取所述第一电池的第三开路电压，根据所述第三开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第三剩余容量；当所述第一电池处于放空状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第四开路电压，根据所述第四开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第四剩余容量；将所述第三剩余容量与所述第四剩余容量的差值确定为所述第三剩余容量变化值。
第三方面，提供了一种电池容量跟踪装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述装置包括：第一获取单元，用于获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；第二获取单元，用于获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；第一确定单元，用于根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦计芯片直接获得。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一确定单元，具体用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述第一确定单元，包括：第一确定子单元，用于确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗 的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；第二确定子单元，用于确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；第一计算子单元，用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一获取单元，包括：第一获取子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；第二获取子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；第三确定子单元，用于将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述第二获取子单元具体用于以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：第三获取单元，用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；第二确定单元，用于确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；第四获取单元，用于将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；第三确定单元，用于根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；第四确定单元，用于根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第四确定单元，包括：第四确定子单元，用于将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；第二计算子单元，用于将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：第五确定单元，用于当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；第一计算单元，用于将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，第六确定单元，用于当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；第二计算单元，用于将所述初始显示值与所述 第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：第五获取单元，用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；第六获取单元，用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；所述第四获取单元，具体用于将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三获取单元，包括：第三获取子单元，用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；第五确定子单元，用于根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；第六确定子单元，用于将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
第四方面，提供了另一种电池容量跟踪装置，所述装置应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：第七获取单元，用于获取所述第一电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值；第八获取单元，用于获取所述第二电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第四剩余容量变化值；第三计算单元，用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第四剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第三剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第七获取单元，包括：第七确定子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于满充状态时，获取所述第一电池的第三开路电压，根据所述第三开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第三剩余容量；第八确定子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于放空状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第四开路电压，根据所述第四开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第四剩余容量；第九确定子单元，用于将所述第三剩余容量与所述第四剩余容量的差值确定为所述第三剩余容量变化值。
第五方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：第一电池、第二电池、控制器、充电集成电路以及库伦计芯片；所述第一电池和所述第二电池串联，用于为所述电子设备供电；所述充电集成电路的输入端用于连接充电适配器，为所述第一电池和所述第二电池进行充电；所述库伦计芯片与所述第二电池并联，用于监测所述第二电池的剩余容量及满充容量，并将所述剩余容量和所述满充容量发送给所述控制器；所述控制器，用于获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦传感器库伦计芯片直接获得。即，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括两个串联电池，以通过两个串联电池为电子设备供电，满 足电子设备对大电池容量的需求。另外，由于第二电池两端并联有库伦计芯片，控制器可以通过该库仑计芯片直接获得第二电池的满充容量以及在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值，因此，可以根据第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值、第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池的满充容量确定出第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备还包括：第一开关和第二开关；
所述第一开关和电阻串联后并联在所述第一电池的两端；所述第二开关和所述电阻串联后并联在所述第二电池的两端；
所述控制器，用于在充电过程中当所述第一电池的电压与所述第二电池的电压差值大于第一预设电压时，闭合与较大电压值的电池并联的开关。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备还包括：模数转换器；所述模数转换器与所述第一电池并联，用于采集所述第一电池的电压，并将采集的模拟电压转换为数字电压发送给所述控制器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第三种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述控制器，还用于确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述控制器，还用于以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的 初始剩余容量；确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
由此可见，本申请实施例具有如下有益效果：
本申请实施例针对串联的两个电池，即第一电池和第二电池，首先获取第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值，以及第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值。其中，当电池从满充状态切换至放空状态，表示放电过程；当电池从放空状态切换至满充状态，表示充电过程。也就是，当电池处于放电过程时，获取第一电池在放电过程中对应的剩余容量变化值以及第二电池在放电过程中对应的剩余容量变化值；当电池处于充电过程时，获取第一电池在充电过程中对应的剩余容量变化值以及第二电池在充电过程中对应的剩余容量变化值。当获取某一过程中每个电池各自对应的剩余容量变化值后，根据第一电池的第一剩余容量变化值以及第二剩余容量变化 值以及第二电池的满充容量确定第一电池的满充容量。其中，第二电池的满充容量可以通过现有的库伦计芯片直接获得。即，本申请实施例提供的方法，利用单个库伦计芯片获得两个电池的满充容量，实现对串联双电池的有效监控。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种单电池结构图；
图2a为开路电压与剩余容量变化曲线图；
图2b为本申请实施提供的一种电子设备结构图；
图3为本申请实施提供的一种电池容量跟踪方法的流程图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种电池剩余容量跟踪方法的流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备剩余容量跟踪方法的流程图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种电子容量跟踪方法的流程图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电子容量跟踪装置的结构图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种电子容量跟踪装置的结构图。
具体实施方式
为便于理解本申请实施例提供的方法，在介绍本申请实施例之前，对本申请实施例涉及的一些物理元器件进行解释：
库仑计芯片：采用先进的微处理器进行智能控制，对输入的信号经过运算处理后，输出当前电池电量的设备。其中，库伦计芯片也可以被称为库伦计装置或库伦计集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)，简称库仑计IC。
模数转换器(analog-to-digital converter，ADC)：用于采样电池的实时电压。如果为单独的ADC器件，系统将无法获得电池a的开路电压，这种情况需要控制器主动触发ADC转换器进行电压采样。
开关A，B：为两个电池的电压均衡控制装置，通过建立电流旁路使电压低的电池进行充电。
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请实施例作进一步详细的说明。
为便于理解本申请所提供的技术方案，下面将先对本申请涉及的背景技术进行说明。
具体地，先对库伦计IC对单个电池容量监测的原理进行说明，如图1所示，库仑计IC通过检测电阻Rsense两端的电压，并转换为电池在放电或充电过程中的电流值，进而对电流在时间上进行积分获得t1至t2时间段内流过的库仑计(coulomb counter，CC)，即获得电池在该时间段内的容量变化ΔCC(单位为mAh)。当电池在t1时刻对应的剩余容量为C1，则根据C1以及ΔCC确定电池在t2时刻对应的剩余容量C2(mAh)，即(C1 +ΔCC)。通常情况下，在电子设备上不会直接显示当前时刻对应的剩余容量C2(mAh)，而是转换为容量百分比(C1 +ΔCC)/FCC，也即是剩余容量(state of charge，SOC)。其中，满充容量(full  charge CC，FCC)是指电池在满充状态时对应的电池容量；剩余容量是指电池在充电或放电过程中任一时刻对应的电池容量。
通常情况下，电子设备的存储器存储有电池的初始满充容量FCC，随着电池的使用，该满充容量FCC会发生变化，因此可以利用库伦计定期对满充容量进行更新。具体地，将电池进行一次完全的充放电，库仑计IC通过检测电阻Rsense两端的电压，并转换为电池在完全充放电电过程中的电流值，进而对电流在时间(完全充放电所使用的时间)上进行积分从而获得电池的满充容量FCC。
另外，库伦计还可以实时采样电池电压，当检测到电池长时间处于低负载时，可以将低负载时对应的电压近似为开路电压(open circuit voltage，OCV)，通过OCV-TAB表查找到与当前开路电压对应的剩余容量SOC，以对电池的剩余容量进行更正，进而显示在电子设备的显示界面上。其中，OCV-TAB表为开路电压OCV与剩余容量SOC的映射表。如表1所示，当电池两端的开路电压为4.17V时，其对应的剩余容量SOC为100％，即为满充容量；当电池两端的开路电压为3.2V时，其对应的剩余容量SOC为0％。
表1 OCV-TAB
SOC(％) OCV(V)
100 4.17
85 4.04
55 3.83
45 3.80
25 3.75
15 3.69
10 3.68
5 3.59
0 3.21
为便于理解上述COV-TAB表，参见图2a所述OCV-SOC曲线图，如图2a所示，在曲线的中间区间(20％＜SOC＜80％)内，电池的OCV变化极小，电池处于平台区；而在曲线的两端区间(SOC＜10％和SOC＞90％)，OCV的变化率较大，整个电池的OCV－SOC曲线呈现中间区域平坦，头尾两端陡峭的样子，即是利用这一稳定的对应关系在获取开路电压OCV时进行SOC估计。
而对于串联的双电池结构而言，如图2b所示，单个库仑计仅能跟踪单个电池(电池b)满充容量FCC、剩余容量SOC，无法跟踪另一个电池(电池a)的满充容量和剩余容量，进而导致电池管理系统(battery management system，BMS)无法监测另一电池。可以理解的是，为使得BMS系统可以监测另一电池的满充容量，可以在另一电池的两端也并联一个库仑计。然而，这样不仅会增大电池系统的体积，还会增加生产成本。
基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池容量跟踪方法，在不增加额外设备的情况下，基于现有的单个库仑计统计串联的双电池中另一电池的满充容量，减小电子设备的体积及成本，实现对串联双电池的有效监控。具体为，当电池从满充状态切换至放空状态或者从放空状态切换至满充状态时，获取第一电池(电池a)在两个状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值，以及第二电池(电池b)在两个状态切换时对应第二剩余容量变化值。然后，根据第一剩余容量变化值、第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池的满充容量确定第一电池的满充容量。
即，本申请的核心思想为通过一个已知电池的满充容量推导另一个电池的满充容量，推导原理在于电池在充放电时，流过两个电池的电荷量是相等的。另外，本申请还可以通过一个已知电池的剩余容量变化值推导另一个电池的剩余容量。
示例性方法
为便于理解本申请提供的电池容量跟踪方法，下面将结合附图对该方法的具体实现进行说明。
参见图3，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电池容量跟踪方法的流程图，所述方法应用于电子设备，该电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：
S301：获取第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值。
S302：获取第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值。
本实施例中，电池在满充状态与放空状态之间切换，可以是指电池处于放电状态或者电池处于充电状态。当电池处于放电状态时，即从满充状态切换至放空状态，获取第一电池在放电完成时对应的第一剩余容量变化值以及第二电池在放电完成时对应的第二剩余容量变化值。同理，当电池处于充电状态时，即从放空状态切换至满充状态，获取第一电池在充电完成时对应的第一剩余容量变化值以及第二电池在充电完成时对应的第二剩余容量变化值。其中，满充状态和放空状态的具体表现形式可以根据实际应用情况进行确定，本实施例在此不做限定。例如，可以将电池的两端电压达到4.17v时确定为满充状态，将电池两端电压小于3.21v时确定为放空状态。
其中，满充状态是指电池的剩余容量为100％时对应的状态，放空状态是指电池的剩余容量为0％时对应的状态。在实际应用中，控制器可以通过库伦计检测到剩余容量值确定电池是否达到满充状态或放空状态。
具体地，获取第一电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量以及第一电池经过放电切换至放空状态时对应的剩余容量，然后根据两个状态对应的不同剩余容量确定第一电池的第一剩余容量变化值。同理，获取第二电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量以及第二电池经过放电切换至放空状态时对应的剩余容量，然后根据两个状态对应的不同剩余容量确定第二电池的第二剩余容量变化值。
或者，获取第一电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量以及第一电池经过充电切换至满充状态时对应的剩余容量，然后根据两个状态对应的不同剩余容量确定第一电池的第一剩余容量变化值。获取第二电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量以及第二电池经过充电切换至满 充状态时对应的剩余容量，然后根据两个状态对应的不同剩余容量确定第二电池的第二剩余容量变化值。
在具体实现时，第二电池在不同状态的剩余容量可以通过库伦计芯片直接获取，进而可以直接计算获得第二电池的第二剩余容量变化值。而对于第一电池的剩余容量需要通过额外计算才可以获取，进而获取第一电池的第一剩余容量变化值。因此，在本实施例一种可能的实现方式中，提供了一种获取第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值的实现方式，具体为：
1)当第一电池处于满充状态或放空状态中某一状态时，获取该第一电池的第一开路电压，根据该第一开路电压确定第一电池对应的第一剩余容量。
2)当第一电池处于满充状态或放空状态中另一状态时，获取第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据第二开路电压确定第一电池对应的第二剩余容量。
本实施例中，无论第一电池处于放电过程还是充电过程，当第一电池处于满充状态或放空状态中的某一状态时，可以获取在当前状态下对应的第一开路电压，然后可以通过查表OCV-TAB的方式获取该第一开路电压对应的第一剩余容量。例如，第一电池(电池a)在当前状态下对应的第一开路电压为OCVa-start，则第一电池对应的第一剩余电量SOCa-start＝OCV-TAB(OCVa-start)。
当第一电池从某一状态变换到另一状态时，获取第一电池在当前状态下对应的第二开路电压，再通过查表OCV-TAB的方式获取该第二开路电压对应的第二剩余容量。例如，第一电池(电池a)在当前状态下对应的第二开路电压为OCVa-end，则第一电池对应的第二剩余电量SOCa-end＝OCV-TAB(OCVa-end)。其中，第一电池的第一开路电压和第二开路电压可以通过并联的模数转换器(analog-to-digital converter，ADC)采集获得。
需要说明的是，当电池充满开始放电时，电池刚充满时电子设备通过充电器供电，库仑计检测到电池电流I接近于0，并且持续一定时间T(根据电池特性，电池稳定时间)，确定电池为静置状态，则此时第一电池两端的电压为第一开路电压，可以通过OCV-TAB查表的方式准确获得第一电池(电池a)的第一剩余容量SOC。可以理解的是，在满充状态下，第一电池对应的剩余容量SOC为100％。
在具体实现时，当第一电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时，即放电过程，在获取第一电池对应的第二开路电压时，可以采用另一种方式获得，具体为，以预设周期获取第一电池的第一电压、第二电池的第二电压、第一电池的第一温度以及第二电池的第二温度以及第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当第一电压或第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、第一温度和第二温度均满足预设温度以及放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据第一电压、放电电流以及电路阻抗确定第二开路电压。其中，电路阻抗至少包括放电线路阻抗、第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
即，当第一电池和第二电池开始放电时，可以周期性采样第一电池在放电过程中的放电电流I、第一电池的第一电压V1、第二电池的第二电压V2以及第一电池的第一温度T1、第二电池的第二温度T2。当检测到(V1或V2)小于预设电压阈值，放电电流I小于预设电流阈值以及第一温度T1和第二温度T2均满足预设温度时，则根据第一电压V1、放电电 流I以及电路阻抗R确定第二开路电压。具体为，放电电流I与电路阻抗R相乘后与第一电压V1相加，将其和值确定为第二开路电压，即OCV1_end＝V1+I*R。其中，预设电压阈值可以根据实际应用情况进行预设设定，例如，将电子设备接近关机之前对应的电压确定为预设电压阈值。
需要说明的是，为进一步提高所确定的第二开路电压的准确性，还可以判断当放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，放电电流小于预设电流阈值所持续的时长是否满足预设时长，如果是，则根据第一电压V1、放电电流I以及电路阻抗R确定第二开路电压，以根据该第二开路电压确定第二剩余容量。
需要说明的是，在放电过程中，之所以获取第一电池即将处于放空状态时对应的电压，而不是放电过程中任一时刻对应的电压，是因为在第一电池即将放空时对应的放电电流I足够小，两端电压V1也较小；而且根据电池放电电压曲线(电池放电电压曲线趋势与图2b基本相同)可知，在电量密集区(曲线的平台区)，电压变化幅度小但剩余容量变化较大，而当电池即将放空时，电压变化幅度较大但剩余容量变化较小，因此，选择第一电池即将放空时对应的电压进行查表，从而保证通过OCV-TAB查表获得的剩余容量更为准确。
3)将第一剩余容量与第二剩余容量的差值确定为第一剩余容量变化值。
即，当获取第一电池在两个不同状态分别对应的第一剩余容量以及第二剩余容量时，将第一剩余容量与第二剩余容量做差获得第一剩余容量变化值。
S303：根据第一剩余容量变化值、第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池的满充容量确定第一电池的满充容量，其中，第二电池的满充容量通过库伦计芯片直接获得。
当获得第一电池在两个状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值以及第二电池在两个状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值时，根据第一剩余容量变化值、第二剩余容量变化值以及通过库伦计芯片获取的第二电池的满充容量确定第一电池的满充容量。
具体地，将第二电池的满充容量与第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以第一剩余容量变化值获得第一电池的满充容量，实际计算可以参见下述公式：
FCC 1*(SOC 1_start-SOC 1_end)＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end)  (1)
FCC 1＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end)/(SOC 1_start-SOC 1_end)  (2)
可以理解的是，上述等式(1)之所以成立，是因为串联的两个电池，无论在充电状态还是放电状态，流过两个电池的电流相同以及电流持续时长相同，因此流过两个电池的电荷量相等。
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000008
其中，FCC1为第一电池的满充容量，FCC2为第二电池的满充容量，ΔSOC 2＝SOC 2_start-SOC 2_end为第二剩余容量变化值，
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000009
n为第一剩余容量变化值。
需要说明的是，由于第一电池和第二电池所处的状态是相同的，同时为放电状态或同时为充电状态，因此，第一电池对应的第一剩余容量变化值的正负号与第二电池对应的第二剩余容量变化值的正负号相同。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在对电池充电时，为保证充电均衡，会对串联的双电池进行均衡处理，以保证每个电池达到满充。其中，均衡电路为在每个电池的两端并联开关和电阻，电阻和开关串联。如图2b所示，开关A与电阻Rbal串联后并联在电池a的两端，开关B与电阻Rbal串联后并联在电池b的两端。在实际应用时，控制器可以实时检测各个电池的电压，如果检测到某一电池的电压过高，且大于预设电压阈值，达到均衡开启的条件，则将该电池的开关闭合，此时该电池对应的电阻上出现电流，而流过该电池的电流减小，从而降低该电池的充电速度，最终与其他电池的电压相同。
可以理解的是，在开关A(图2b所示)闭合时，会有电流流过电阻Rbal，此时电阻Rbal会消耗部分电量，则在确定第一电池(电池a)的满充容量时，需要考虑该部分电量。具体为：
1)确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，其中，第一开关并联在第一电池的两端。
即，当在充电过程中第一开关被闭合时，获取第一开关闭合时长以及第一开关闭合时流经对应电阻的电流，然后根据闭合时长以及电流确定消耗的第一额外容量。其中，流经对应电阻的电流根据第一电池的端电压以及电阻确定。如图2b所示，假设第一开关(开关A)闭合时长为t1，流经电阻的电流Ibal_a＝Va/Rbal，对t1和Ibal_a进行积分获得第一额外容量。
2)确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，其中，第二开关并联在第二电池的两端。
即，当在充电过程中第二开关被闭合时，获取第二开关闭合时长以及第二开关闭合时流经对应电阻的电流，然后根据闭合时长以及电流确定消耗的第二额外容量。其中，流经对应电阻的电流根据第二电池的端电压以及电阻确定。如图2b所示，假设第二开关(开关B)闭合时长为t2，流经电阻的电流Ibal_b＝Vb/Rbal，对t2和Ibal_b进行积分获得第二额外容量。
需要说明的是，第一开关和第二开关不可同时处于闭合状态，如果两个开关同时闭合，如图2b所示，两个电池将被短路，无法实现充电。
3)将第二电池的满充容量与第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以第一剩余容量变化值获得第一电池的满充容量。
也就是，当在充电过程中第一开关和第二开关均被闭合过时，获取每个开关被闭合时对应消耗的额外容量，如果两个开关各自对应消耗的额外容量之差不等于零，则在确定第一电池的满充容量时，需要考虑额外容量。具体计算可以参见下述公式：
FCC 1*ΔSOC 1+ΔCC 1＝FCC 2*ΔSOC 2+ΔCC 2       (4)
可以理解的是，上述等式(4)之所以成立，是因为串联的两个电池，当开关A闭合开关B断开时，流过电池A和电阻的电流之和与流过电池B的电流相同，并且电流持续时长相同，因此流过电池A和电阻的电荷量与流过电池B的电荷量相等。同理，当开关A断开开关B闭合时，流过电池A的电流与流过电池B和电阻的电流之和相同，并且电流持续时长相同，因此流过电池A电荷量与流过电池B和电阻的电荷量相等。
其中，ΔCC 1为第一开关处于闭合状态时对应的第一额外容量，ΔCC 2为第二开关处于闭合状态时对应的第二额外容量。
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000011
其中，FCC1为第一电池的满充容量，FCC2为第二电池的满充容量，ΔSOC 2为第二剩余容量变化值，ΔSOC 1为第一剩余容量变化值，ΔCC＝ΔCC 2-ΔCC 1为第二额外容量与第一额外容量之差。
通过上述实施例可知，在不增加额外设备的情况下，基于现有库仑计统计串联的双电池中另一电池的满充容量，减小电子设备的体积及成本，实现对串联双电池的有效监控。具体为，当电池从满充状态切换至放空状态或者从放空状态切换至满充状态时，获取第一电池在两个状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值，以及第二电池在两个状态切换时对应第二剩余容量变化值。然后，根据第一剩余容量变化值、第二剩余容量变化值以及第二电池的满充容量确定第一电池的满充容量。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，BMS不仅需要监测各个电池的满充容量，还需监测各个电池的剩余容量，以便根据各个电池的剩余容量确定电子设备的剩余容量。因此，当确定出第一电池的满充容量后，还可以根据第一电池的满充容量确定第一电池的剩余容量，进而通过第一电池的剩余容量以及第二电池的剩余容量确定电子设备的整体剩余容量。为便于理解，下面将结合附图对确定电子设备的剩余容量的实现过程进行说明。
参见图4，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种确定电子设备剩余容量的方法流程图，如图4所示，该方法可以包括：
S401：获取第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量。
在本实施例中，获取第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量，以便在后续实时确定电子设备的剩余容量时，在初始剩余容量基础之上进行确定。其中，初始时刻可以为电子设备开机时对应的时刻。
在具体实现时，获取第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量可以通过以下方式获取：
1)获取第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压。
其中，第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压可以通过并联的模数转换器ADC获得，第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压可以通过库伦计芯片获得。
2)根据第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定第二电池的开路电压。
即，通过库伦计芯片可以实时获取第二电池对应的剩余容量，然后根据查表OCV-TAB获得在初始时刻的剩余容量对应的开路电压。
3)将第二电池的开路电压与第一初始电压相加再减去第二初始电压，获得第一电池的开路电压，并根据第一电池的开路电压确定第一电池的初始剩余容量。
当获取第二电池在初始时刻对应的开路电压后，根据第二电池的开路电压、第一初始电压以及第二初始电压，获得第一电池的开路电压。再利用第一电池的开路电压进行查表获得第一电池的初始剩余容量。需要说明的是，由于串联电池的电流参量相同，因此可以近似认为两个电池的电压差等于两个电池的开路电压差，即OCV1–OCV2＝V1–V2。因此，可以根据第一电池的第一初始电压、第二电池的第二初始电压以及第二电池的开路电压确定第一电池的开路电压。
如图2b所示，第一电池a的第一初始电压为Va，第二电池b的第二初始电压为Vb，根据库伦计芯片可以获得第二电池b在初始时刻对应的剩余容量SOCb，通过查表获得开路电压OCVb＝OCV-TAB(SOCb)，则有OCVa–OCVb＝Va–Vb，第一电池的开路电压OCVa＝OCVb+Va-Vb，则第一电池的初始剩余容量SOCa_init＝OCV-TAB(OCVa)。
从初始时刻t1充电或放电一段时间后：
S402：确定第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值。
本实施例中，可以通过库伦计芯片获取第二电池在初始时刻的剩余容量以及在当前时刻的剩余容量，进而获得第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻对应的剩余容量变化值。
S403：将第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
当获取第二电池的剩余容量变化值、第二电池的满充容量以及第一电池的满充容量后，可以根据上述参数确定出第一电池从初始时刻到当前时刻对应的剩余容量变化值。
根据公式(1)原理，可以获得：
FCC 1*(SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2)＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2)  (6)
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000012
其中，ΔSOC＝SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2为第一电池从初始时刻到当前时刻对应的剩余容量变化值，SOC 1_t1为第一电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，SOC 1_t2为第一电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量。SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2为第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值，SOC 2_t1为第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，SOC 2_t2为第二电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量，t1表示初始时刻，t2表示当前时刻。
可以理解的是，当在实时确定第一电池对应的剩余容量时，如果第一开关或第二开关被闭合，则会消耗额外的容量，为保证所获取的第一电池的剩余容量的准确性，在根据第二电池的剩余容量变化值、第二电池的满充容量以及第一电池的满充容量确定时，还需考虑第一开关和第二开关的状态。具体为：
1)获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，其中，第一开关并联在第一电池的两端。
2)获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，其中，第二开关并联在第二电池的两端。
3)将第二电池的剩余容量变化值与第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上第四额外容量并减去第三额外容量，再除以第一电池的满充容量，获得第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
需要说明的是，其中，第三额外容量和第四额外容量的获取方式可以参见图3所述方法实施例中第一额外容量和第二额外容量的获取，本实施例在此不再赘述。其中，根据第三额外容量、第四额外容量确定第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
根据公式(4)原理，可以获得：
FCC 1*(SOC 1_t1-SOC 1_t2)+ΔCC 3＝FCC 2*(SOC 2_t1-SOC 2_t2)+ΔCC 4  (8)
其中，ΔCC 3为从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，ΔCC 4为从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量。
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000014
其中，ΔCC t1-t2＝ΔCC 4-ΔCC 3。
S404：根据初始剩余容量以及第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量。
具体地，将初始剩余容量与第一电池的剩余容量变化值相减，获得当前时刻第一电池对应的剩余容量。即SOC 1＝SOC 1_init-ΔSOC。
S405：根据第一电池的剩余容量和第二电池的剩余容量确定电子设备的剩余容量。
本实施例中，当获取第一电池的剩余容量以及第二电池的剩余容量后，根据上述两个电池各自对应的剩余容量确定电子设备的剩余容量。
通过本实施例，不仅可以确定第一电池的剩余容量，还可以根据第一电池的剩余容量以及第二电池的剩余容量确定出电子设备的剩余容量。
在具体实现时，本实施例提供了一种确定电子设备的剩余容量的实现方式，参见图5，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种确定电子设备的剩余容量的方法流程图，所述方法包括：
S501：将第一电池和第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。
即，BMS可以实时监测第一电池和第二电池各自的剩余容量，当检测其中一个电池的剩余容量发生变化时，将其中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。例如，当第一电池的剩余容量发生变化时，将第一电池的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量，当第二电池的剩余容量发生变化时，将第二电池的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。
S502：将第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻电子设备的剩余容量。
即，利用第一目标剩余容量、第二目标剩余容量、缩放系数以及初始显示值可以确定出当前时刻电子设备的剩余容量，以在电子设备上进行显示。其中，初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化之前电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
具体计算过程，可以参见下述公式：
SOC＝Ratio*(SOCtemp-SOCstart)+UIstart       (10)
其中，SOC为电子设备的剩余电量，Ratio为缩放系数，SOCtemp为第一目标剩余容量，SOCstart为第二目标剩余容量，UIstart为初始显示值。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，即可以计算电池容量在发生变化时刻电子设备对应的剩余容量SOC，也可以在确定出哪个电池容量在发生变化时，对该电池进行标记，一段时间后，将该电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量为第一目标剩余容量，然后计算当前时刻电子设备的剩余容量。
其中，第二目标剩余容量可以根据第一电池和第二电池的电量状态确定，缩放系数可以根据第二目标剩余容量以及初始显示值确定。具体地，当电池正在充电时，即从放空状态切换至满充状态的过程，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为第二目标剩余容量。在实际应用时，可以通过以下方式判断哪个电池预先到达满充状态：判断FCCa*(1-SOCa)与FCCb*(1–SOCb)中哪个值较小，将较小值对应的电池的剩余容量确定为第二目标剩余容量。其中，预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量为该电池充电初始时刻对应的剩余容量。
通过上述描述可知，本实施例中是将最先发生剩余容量化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量，将最先到达满充状态或放空状态电池对应的剩余容量确定为第二目标剩余容量。可以理解的是，最先达到满充状态或放空状态的电池也是最先发生剩余容量变化的电池，因此，确定第一目标剩余容量对应的电池与确定第二目标剩余容量对应的电池为同一电池。即，通过判断哪个电池预先达到满充状态或放空状态，为后续计算电子设备的剩余容量选择参考基准。
在具体实现时，当确定出最先到达满充状态或放空状态的电池时，可以对该电池进行标记，当在计算电子设备在某时刻对应的剩余容量时，将被标记的电池在当前时刻对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。
当确定出第二目标剩余容量后，将最大剩余容量减去初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为缩放系数。具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000015
例如，初始显示值为80％、第二目标剩余容量为60％，则缩放系数Ratio为0.5。
当电池在放电时，即从满充状态变换为放空状态的过程，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为第二目标剩余容量。在实际应用时，可以通过以下方式判断哪个电池预先到达放空状态：SOCa*FCCa与SOCb*FCCb中哪个值较小，将较小值对应的电池的剩余容量确定为第二目标剩余容量。其中，预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量为该电池在放电初始时刻对应的剩余容量。
当确定出第二目标剩余容量后，将初始显示值与第二目标剩余容量的比值，确定为缩放系数。具体为：
Figure PCTCN2020103652-appb-000016
需要说明的是，本实施例中第一目标剩余容量SOCtemp和第二目标剩余容量SOCstart来自同一个电池，具体来自于哪个电池，取决于根据充放电场景预测哪个电池预先充满， 哪个电池预先放空。另外，缩放系数Ratio，第二目标剩余容量SOCstart以及初始显示值UIstart通常在充电与放电场景切换的时候会重新更新以应对场景变化带来的缩放比例变化。此外，当电池两端的剩余容量变化值大于预设阈值时，也可以更新缩放系数，以保证所确定的电子设备的剩余容量的准确性。例如，预设阈值为10％，电池两端的剩余容量变化值大于10％时，更新缩放系数。
为便于理解，在电池刚进入充电状态时，电池a对应的剩余容量为60％、电池b对应的剩余容量为40％，FCCa-SOCa*FCCa<FCCb-SOCb*FCCb，可知电池a最先达到满充状态，第二目标剩余容量SOCstart为电池a对应的初始剩余容量为60％，存储电池a的标识，以便后续确定电子设备在某时刻对应的剩余容量时，将电池a在该时刻对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。当充电一段时间后，电池a对应的剩余容量为90％时，则第一目标剩余容量SOCstemp为90％。假设电子设备的初始显示值UIstart为50％时，缩放系数Ratio为5/4，则此时电子设备对应的剩余量为(90％-60％)*5/4+50％＝87.5％，则在显示时可以显示为87％。
当在电池处于放电状态时，电池a对应的剩余容量为60％、电池b对应的剩余容量为30％，SOCa*FCCa<SOCb*FCCb，可知电池b最先达到放空状态，第二目标剩余容量SOCstart为电池b对应的初始剩余容量为30％，存储电池b标识，以便后续确定电子设备在某时刻对应的剩余容量时，将电池b在该时刻对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量。在放电一段时间后，电池b对应的剩余容量为20％时，则第一目标剩余容量SOCstemp为20％。在电子设备的初始显示值UIstart为50％时，缩放系数Ratio为5/3，则此时电子设备对应的剩余容量为(20％-30％)*5/3+50％＝33.3％，则在显示时可以显示为33％。
通过上述方法实施例，在电子设备仅有一个库伦计芯片的情况下，可以有效跟踪两个电池各自对应的满充容量、剩余容量，以及在获取两个电池各自对应的剩余容量后，将其进行拟合为一个剩余容量在电子设备上显示，以使得用户可以直观地了解电子设备的整体剩余容量。
为便于理解第一电池的满充容量确定过程，下面以放电为例介绍获取第一电池满充容量的方法。
参见图6，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池容量跟踪方法的流程图，所述方法应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：
S601：获取第一电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值。
S602：获取第二电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第四剩余容量变化值。
即，获取第一电池从满充状态开始放电到放空状态时，对应的第三剩余容量变化值，以及第二电池从满充状态开始放电到放空状态时，对应的第四剩余容量变化值。
可以理解的是，由于第二电池两端并联有库伦计芯片，因此，可以直接获取第二电池从满充状态到放空状态对应的第四剩余容量变化值，而对于第一电池，本实施例提供了一种获取第三剩余容量变化值的方法，具体为，当所述第一电池处于满充状态时，获取第一电池的第三开路电压，根据第三开路电压确定第一电池对应的第三剩余容量；当第一电池处于放空状态时，获取第一电池对应的第四开路电压，根据第四开路电压确定第一电池对 应的第四剩余容量；将第三剩余容量与第四剩余容量的差值确定为第三剩余容量变化值。即，分别获取第一电池在满充状态时对应的剩余容量以及第一电池在放空状态时对应的剩余容量，二者相减可以获得第一电池从满充状态变换到放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值。具体计算过程可以参见方法实施例3，本实施例在此不再赘述。
S603：将第二电池的满充容量与第四剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以第三剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
可以理解的是，在放电过程，第一电池和第二电池同时放电，电流相等且电池持续时间相同，因此流过第一电池的电荷量和第二电池的电荷量相等，因此，可以将第二电池的满充容量与第四剩余容量变化值相乘得到第二电池在放电过程中流过第二电池的电荷量，再除以第三剩余容量变化值获得第一电池的满充容量。
需要说明的是，本实施例中各个参数的获取可以参见上述方法实施例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
示例性装置
基于上述方法实施例，本申请实施例提供了一种电池容量跟踪装置，下面将结合附图对该装置进行说明。
参见图7，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电池容量跟踪装置结构图，如图7所示，该装置可以包括：
第一获取单元701，用于获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；
第二获取单元702，用于获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；
第一确定单元703，用于根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦计芯片直接获得。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一确定单元，具体用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述第一确定单元，包括：
第一确定子单元，用于确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；
第二确定子单元，用于确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
第一计算子单元，用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一获取单元，包括：
第一获取子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；
第二获取子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；
第三确定子单元，用于将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述第二获取子单元具体用于以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；
当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第三获取单元，用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；
第二确定单元，用于确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；
第四获取单元，用于将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；
第三确定单元，用于根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；
第四确定单元，用于根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第四确定单元，包括：
第四确定子单元，用于将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；
第二计算子单元，用于将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第五确定单元，用于当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；
第一计算单元，用于将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，
第六确定单元，用于当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；
第二计算单元，用于将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第五获取单元，用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；
第六获取单元，用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
所述第四获取单元，具体用于将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第三获取单元，包括：
第三获取子单元，用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；
第五确定子单元，用于根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；
第六确定子单元，用于将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
参见图8，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池容量跟踪装置结构图，所述装置应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述装置包括：
第七获取单元801，用于获取所述第一电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值；
第八获取单元802，用于获取所述第二电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第四剩余容量变化值；
第三计算单元803，用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第四剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第三剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第七获取单元，包括：
第七确定子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于满充状态时，获取所述第一电池的第三开路电压，根据所述第三开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第三剩余容量；
第八确定子单元，用于当所述第一电池处于放空状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第四开路电压，根据所述第四开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第四剩余容量；
第九确定子单元，用于将所述第三剩余容量与所述第四剩余容量的差值确定为所述第三剩余容量变化值。
需要说明的是，本实施例中各个单元的实现可以参见上述方法实施例，本实施例在此不做限定。
另外，本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，下面将结合附图进行说明。
参见图2b，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构图，如图2b所示，该电子设备包括：第一电池901、第二电池902、控制器903、库伦计芯片904以及充电集成电路905。
其中，第一电池901和第二电池902串联，用于为电子设备供电；其中，第一电池901为电池a，第二电池902为电池b。
充电集成电路905的输入端与充电适配器连接，充电集成电路的输出端用于连接第一电池901的正极，第一电池901的负极连接第二电池902的正极，第二电池902的负极通过电阻接地。充电集成电路905用于为第一电池901和第二电池902进行充电；其中，充电集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)可以简称为充电IC。
库伦计芯片904与第二电池902并联，用于监测第二电池902的剩余容量及满充容量，并将剩余容量和满充容量发送给控制器903；
控制器903，用于获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦传感器库伦计芯片直接获得。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备还包括：第一开关906和第二开关907；
所述第一开关906和电阻Rbal串联后并联在所述第一电池901的两端；所述第二开关907和所述电阻串联后并联在所述第二电池902的两端。其中，第一开关906为开关A，第二开关907为开关B。
所述控制器，用于在充电过程中当所述第一电池的电压与所述第二电池的电压差值大于第一预设电压时，闭合与较大电压值的电池并联的开关。
其中，第一开关906和第二开关907为两个电池的电压均衡控制装置，可以建立电流旁路使电压低的电池进行充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备还包括：模数转换器908；
所述模数转换器908与所述第一电池901并联，用于采集所述第一电池901的电压，并将采集的模拟电压转换为数字电压发送给所述控制器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述控制器，还用于确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；将所述第二电池的满充容量与所 述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述控制器，还用于以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，还用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制器，具体用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
需要说明的是，本实施例中各个模块的具体实现可以参见上述方法实施例，本实施例在此不做赘述。
应当理解，在本申请中，“至少一个(项)”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，用于描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，“A和/或B”可以表示：只存在A，只存在B以及同时存在A和B三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，“a和b”，“a和c”，“b和c”，或“a和b和c”，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接用硬件、处理器执行的软件模块，或者二者的结合来实施。软件模块可以置于随机存储器(RAM)、内存、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM、电可擦除可编程ROM、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM、或技术领域内所公知的任意其它形式的存储介质中。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种电池容量跟踪方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：
    获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；
    获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；
    根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦计芯片直接获得。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，包括：
    将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量，包括：
    确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；
    确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
    将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值，包括：
    当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；
    当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；
    将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，包括：
    以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；
    当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；
    确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；
    将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；
    根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；
    根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量，包括：
    将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；
    将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；
    将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，
    当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；
    将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值之前，所述方法还包括：
    获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；
    获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
    所述将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，包括：
    将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量，包括：
    获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；
    根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；
    将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
  11. 一种电池容量跟踪方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括库伦计芯片、串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述库伦计芯片并联在所述第二电池的两端，所述方法包括：
    获取所述第一电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值；
    获取所述第二电池从满充状态切换至放空状态时对应的第四剩余容量变化值；
    将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第四剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第三剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述第一电池从满充状态变换至放空状态时对应的第三剩余容量变化值，包括：
    当所述第一电池处于满充状态时，获取所述第一电池的第三开路电压，根据所述第三开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第三剩余容量；
    当所述第一电池处于放空状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第四开路电压，根据所述第四开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第四剩余容量；
    将所述第三剩余容量与所述第四剩余容量的差值确定为所述第三剩余容量变化值。
  13. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：第一电池、第二电池、控制器、充电集成电路以及库伦计芯片；
    所述第一电池和所述第二电池串联，用于为所述电子设备供电；
    所述充电集成电路的输入端用于连接充电适配器，为所述第一电池和所述第二电池进行充电；
    所述库伦计芯片与所述第二电池并联，用于监测所述第二电池的剩余容量及满充容量，并将所述剩余容量和所述满充容量发送给所述控制器；
    所述控制器，用于获取所述第一电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第一剩余容量变化值；获取所述第二电池在满充状态与放空状态切换时对应的第二剩余容量变化值；根据所述第一剩余容量变化值、所述第二剩余容量变化值以及所述第二电池的满充容量确定所述第一电池的满充容量，所述第二电池的满充容量通过所述库伦传感器库伦计芯片直接获得。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括：第一开关和第二开关；
    所述第一开关和电阻串联后并联在所述第一电池的两端；所述第二开关和所述电阻串联后并联在所述第二电池的两端；
    所述控制器，用于在充电过程中当所述第一电池的电压与所述第二电池的电压差值大 于第一预设电压时，闭合与较大电压值的电池并联的开关。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括：模数转换器；
    所述模数转换器与所述第一电池并联，用于采集所述第一电池的电压，并将采集的模拟电压转换为数字电压发送给所述控制器。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
  17. 根据权利要求14或16所述的设备，其特征在于，当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，所述控制器，还用于确定第一开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第一额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；确定第二开关在充电过程中处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第二额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；将所述第二电池的满充容量与所述第二剩余容量变化值相乘后加上所述第二额外容量并减去第一额外容量，再除以所述第一剩余容量变化值获得所述第一电池的满充容量。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中某一状态时，获取所述第一电池的第一开路电压，根据所述第一开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第一剩余容量；当所述第一电池处于所述满充状态或所述放空状态中另一状态时，获取所述第一电池对应的第二开路电压，根据所述第二开路电压确定所述第一电池对应的第二剩余容量；将所述第一剩余容量与所述第二剩余容量的差值确定为所述第一剩余容量变化值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的设备，其特征在于，当从满充状态切换至放空状态时，所述控制器，还用于以预设周期获取所述第一电池的第一电压、所述第二电池的第二电压、所述第一电池的第一温度、所述第二电池的第二温度以及所述第一电池在放电过程中所对应的放电电流；当所述第一电压或所述第二电压中任一个电压小于预设电压阈值、所述第一温度和所述第二温度均满足预设温度以及所述放电电流小于预设电流阈值时，根据所述第一电压、所述放电电流以及电路阻抗确定所述第二开路电压；所述电路阻抗包括放电线路阻抗、所述第一电池的内阻和第二电池的内阻。
  20. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻对应的初始剩余容量；确定所述第二电池从初始时刻到当前时刻的剩余容量变化值；将所述第二电池对应的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值；根据所述初始剩余容量以及所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值，确定当前时刻所述第一电池的剩余容量；根据所述第一电池的剩余容量和所述第二电池的剩余容量确定所述电子设备的剩余容量。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于将所述第一电池和所述第二电池中发生剩余容量变化的电池对应的剩余容量确定为第一目标剩余容量；将所述第一目标剩余容量与第二目标剩余容量的差值乘以缩放系数后，再与初始显示值相加确定为当前时刻所述电子设备的剩余容量，所述初始显示值为剩余容量发生变化前所述 电子设备所显示的剩余容量。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于当从所述放空状态切换至所述满充状态时，将预先到达满充状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将最大剩余容量减去所述初始显示值的差值与最大剩余容量减去所述第二目标剩余容量的差值的比值，确定为所述缩放系数；或，当从所述满充状态切换至所述放空状态时，将预先到达放空状态的电池对应的初始剩余容量确定为所述第二目标剩余容量；将所述初始显示值与所述第二目标剩余容量的比值确定为所述缩放系数。
  23. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，还用于获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第一开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第三额外容量，所述第一开关并联在所述第一电池的两端；获取从初始时刻到当前时刻第二开关处于闭合状态时对应消耗的第四额外容量，所述第二开关并联在所述第二电池的两端；
    所述控制器，具体用于将所述第二电池的剩余容量变化值与所述第二电池的满充容量相乘后加上所述第四额外容量并减去所述第三额外容量，再除以所述第一电池的满充容量，获得所述第一电池的剩余容量变化值。
  24. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述控制器，具体用于获取所述第一电池在初始时刻的第一初始电压以及所述第二电池在初始时刻的第二初始电压；根据所述第二电池在初始时刻对应的剩余容量，确定所述第二电池的开路电压；将所述第二电池的开路电压与所述第一初始电压相加再减去所述第二初始电压，获得所述第一电池的开路电压，并根据所述第一电池的开路电压确定所述第一电池的初始剩余容量。
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