WO2021068394A1 - 一种可折叠防护栏及应用及运输汽车用铁路货车专用车 - Google Patents

一种可折叠防护栏及应用及运输汽车用铁路货车专用车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021068394A1
WO2021068394A1 PCT/CN2019/123399 CN2019123399W WO2021068394A1 WO 2021068394 A1 WO2021068394 A1 WO 2021068394A1 CN 2019123399 W CN2019123399 W CN 2019123399W WO 2021068394 A1 WO2021068394 A1 WO 2021068394A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
protective
foldable
plate
hinged
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PCT/CN2019/123399
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁国庆
翟鹏军
段元勇
李宇航
王亦昕
张茂森
孙浩
于田
杨文朋
孟策
李响响
李延培
刘宁宁
Original Assignee
中车山东机车车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车山东机车车辆有限公司
Priority to DE112019007139.4T priority Critical patent/DE112019007139T5/de
Publication of WO2021068394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021068394A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
    • B61D3/187—Details, e.g. bridges for floor connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D49/00—Other details

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  • the present disclosure relates to a foldable protective fence, which can be applied to various car bodies, and is particularly suitable for a railway wagon for transporting automobiles.
  • the existing foldable railing structure mainly consists of a horizontal metal rod at the top, a number of metal rotating rods, a rotating rod seat, a linkage mechanism at the escalator, a booster spring, a locking mechanism and a warning device.
  • the rotating rod is manually rotated, and the spring is assisted to drive the horizontal metal rod to rise to a certain height and lock it, which plays a protective role.
  • a washer is provided to reduce the lateral gap to reduce the lateral sway of the railing, but the effect is not ideal.
  • the railing has large sway or too strong resistance, and a spring booster must be added.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a foldable protective fence and its application as well as a special railway wagon for transporting automobiles; the foldable protective fence greatly increases the lateral space, reduces labor intensity, and greatly reduces The railing shakes to improve stability and safety.
  • the first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a foldable protective fence.
  • the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a foldable protective fence includes at least one set of protective components.
  • the protective components include first rods arranged transversely, the first rods are hingedly connected to a plurality of second rods, and a first rod is connected between the second rods.
  • a soft rope
  • the side of the second lever is connected with a locking device
  • the locking device includes a sliding lock plate hinged with the second lever
  • the sliding lock plate is provided with a sliding groove
  • the fixed shaft is arranged in the sliding groove and can slide along the sliding groove
  • the fixed shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed seat plate, and the locking device can drive the second lever to switch between the inclined state and the vertical state, and lock or unlock the position of the second lever in the two states.
  • the working principle of the foldable protective fence of the present disclosure is:
  • the locking device Before loading and unloading the railway freight car, the locking device is activated, and the locking device drives the second rod to switch from the inclined state to the vertical state. At the same time, the locking device enters the locked position to lock the position of the second rod, and the entire protective fence stands up. ;
  • the locking device After the loading and unloading of the car is completed, the locking device is activated.
  • the locking device drives the second rod to switch from the vertical state to the inclined state. At the same time, the locking device enters the locking position to lock the position of the second rod, and the entire protective fence is folded and retracted. Up.
  • a pedal is fixedly arranged at the end of the sliding lock plate.
  • the sliding groove is a closed groove, and the sliding groove is L-shaped.
  • a plurality of the second rods are arranged parallel to each other, the second rod is hinged with the first rod through an elbow connecting plate, one end of the elbow connecting plate is fixed to the lower end of the second rod, and the elbow is connected The other end of the plate is hinged to the first rod.
  • the elbow connecting plate is a corner plate.
  • the lower side of the second rod is fixedly connected to a supporting plate, and the supporting plate is hinged to the fixed seat.
  • a wedge-shaped positioning stopper is provided at the lower part of the support plate, and a lateral limiting rib and a longitudinal limiting rib that cooperate with the wedge-shaped positioning stopper are provided on the side of the fixing seat to perform a transverse stop on the second rod. And longitudinal limit.
  • the hinged joints of the wedge-shaped positioning block, the supporting plate and the fixing seat are spaced apart.
  • the adjacent protection components are arranged side by side, the opposite end of the protection component and another adjacent protection component is provided with an escalator protection component, and the escalator protection component can be protected by The components are driven to switch between the relaxed state and the straightened state.
  • the escalator protection component includes a fixed handrail, the fixed handrail is hinged with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a second soft rope, and the second soft rope is fixedly connected with the second rod.
  • the protective component is also provided with warning signs.
  • protective pads are provided inside the first rod and the second rod.
  • the second purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a special railway freight car for transporting cars, including a car body, a side beam is arranged on the top of the car body, a foldable guard rail as described above is arranged on the outer side of the side beam, and the seat plate and the side beam are fixed In a fixed connection, a stopper is provided on the top of the side beam to limit the position of the first rod when the second rod is inclined.
  • the third purpose of the present disclosure is to propose an application of the above-mentioned foldable guard rail in a transportation vehicle.
  • the soft rope is arranged on the outside of the second rod, and the material of the soft rope will not scratch the paint surface in contact with the car, which maximizes the lateral operation space and greatly reduces the probability of car bumps and scratches .
  • the foldable protective fence of the present disclosure is equipped with escalator protective parts, and with the erection and lowering of the second pole, the protection can be automatically unfolded and retracted.
  • the locking device of the foldable protective fence of the present disclosure can simultaneously lock the rotating rod in two states of standing up and folded down, and has a simple structure and high safety.
  • the folding protective fence of the present disclosure has a large overlap structure design between the second rod and the fixed seat, which greatly reduces the amount of shaking of the protective fence and improves the stability and safety of the protective fence;
  • the first rod is arranged on the outer side of the upper side beam of the vehicle, does not occupy effective working space, and can play a certain counterweight role at the same time, without additional booster springs, which simplifies the overall structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a foldable protective fence in a vertical state
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another setting method of the foldable protective fence in a vertical state
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a foldable guard rail on a railway freight car in an inclined state
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a foldable protective fence on a railway freight car in a vertical state
  • Figure 5 (a) is a front view of the coordinated arrangement of the second rod and the elbow connecting plate
  • Figure 5(b) is a left view of the matching arrangement of the second rod and the elbow connecting plate
  • Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second lever in a vertical state and the locking device
  • Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second lever in an inclined state and the locking device
  • Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the escalator protection component in a straightened state
  • Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the escalator protection component in a relaxed state
  • 1 protecting component
  • 1.1 second rod
  • 1.2 support plate
  • 1.2.1 wedge-shaped positioning stopper
  • 1.3 elbow connecting plate
  • 1.4 rope bolt
  • 2 fixed seat
  • 2.1 slot-shaped Structure
  • 3 first rod
  • 4 first soft rope
  • 5 locking device
  • 5.1 fixed seat plate
  • 5.2 fixed shaft
  • 5.3 sliding lock plate
  • 5.4 pedal
  • 6 warning sign
  • 7 escalator
  • Protective components 7.1—fixed handrails
  • 7.2 connecting rod
  • 7.3 second soft rope
  • 8 stop
  • 9 side beam.
  • this application proposes a foldable protective fence and its application as well as a special railway truck for transporting cars.
  • the present application provides a foldable protective fence, which includes at least one set of protective components, the protective component includes a first rod disposed transversely, the first rod is hingedly connected to a plurality of second rods, and the second rod There is a first soft rope connected therebetween;
  • the side of the second lever is connected with a locking device
  • the locking device includes a sliding lock plate hinged with the second lever
  • the sliding lock plate is provided with a sliding groove
  • the fixed shaft is arranged in the sliding groove and can slide along the sliding groove
  • the fixed shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed seat plate, and the locking device can drive the second lever to switch between the inclined state and the vertical state, and lock or unlock the position of the second lever in the two states.
  • the foldable protective fence mainly includes a protective component 1, a fixed seat 2, a first rod 3, a first soft rope 4, a locking device 5, a warning sign 6, an escalator protective part 7 and
  • the stopper 8 and other components are arranged on both sides of the upper underframe of the vehicle. It is mainly used to prevent operators of special railway freight cars for transporting cars from falling off the railway freight cars when loading and unloading cars.
  • the foldable protective fence is provided with two sets of protective components 1 with gaps between adjacent protective components 1, adjacent protective components 1 are arranged side by side, and the opposite ends of the protective component 1 and another adjacent protective component 1
  • An escalator protection component 7 is provided, and the escalator protection component 7 can be driven by the protection assembly 1 to switch between the relaxed state and the straightened state.
  • one set of protective components of the foldable protective fence is provided with two second poles 1.1 arranged side by side, and the other set of protective components is provided with nine second poles 1.1 arranged side by side.
  • the two protective components are at opposite ends.
  • An escalator protective part 7 is set at the second pole 1.1; as shown in Figure 2, it is another foldable protective fence.
  • One set of protective components is provided with three second poles 1.1 arranged side by side, and the other set of protective components is set Eight second rods 1.1 arranged side by side, two protective components are provided with escalator protection components 7 at the second rods 1.1 at opposite ends; these two types of foldable protection fences can be respectively arranged on both sides of the upper underframe of the railway freight car , The escalator protection component 7 can be correspondingly installed at the escalator of the railway freight car.
  • the protection assembly 1 includes a first rod 3 arranged transversely.
  • the first rod 3 is hingedly connected to a plurality of second rods 1.1, and the plurality of second rods 1.1 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the second rod 1.1 is used as the rotating body to drive the first cord 4 to the working state (vertically standing up) and the non-working state (tilting down).
  • the second rod 1.1 is hinged with the first rod 3 through the elbow connecting plate 1.3, one end of the elbow connecting plate 1.3 is fixed to the lower end of the second rod 1.1, the other end of the elbow connecting plate 1.3 is hinged to the first rod 3, and the elbow connection 1.3 It is in the form of a knuckle board.
  • the supporting plate 1.2 is arranged at the lower part of the second rod 1.1, and the back is connected and fixed with the second rod 1.1; the supporting plate 1.2 is provided with a pin hole on the upper part, which is hinged with the fixing base 2, and a wedge-shaped positioning stop 1.2.1 is provided at the lower part, and the pin hole is positioned with the wedge-shaped positioning There is a certain distance between the stop 1.2.1, which can more effectively control the lateral shaking of the protective assembly 1.
  • the middle and top of the second rod 1.1 are provided with rope bolts 1.4, which are connected with the first soft rope 4.
  • the fixing base 2 is an integral splint structure, with pin holes set on the upper part, and pin-connected with the second rod 1.1 of the protection assembly 1 through the supporting plate 1.2; the lower side of the fixing base 2
  • the part is provided with a lateral limit rib and a longitudinal limit rib that are matched with the wedge-shaped positioning stop 1.2.1 to limit the second rod 1.1 horizontally and longitudinally.
  • the lateral limit rib fits with the support plate 1.2 with a small clearance, and has a certain distance from the pin hole of the fixing base 2, which is used for lateral restriction. At the pin hole, the fixing base and the support plate are also matched with a small clearance, so that there are two spaced at a certain distance. There is a small gap limit, which can well prevent the rotating rod from swinging laterally.
  • the longitudinal limit rib is used for longitudinal limit.
  • the horizontal limit ribs and the longitudinal limit ribs can be set in the form of baffles, or they can be combined to form a slot-like structure 2.1.
  • the two side walls of the slot-like structure 2.1 are the horizontal limit ribs.
  • the two side walls are the longitudinal limit ribs, and the wedge-shaped positioning block 1.2.1 can be clamped to the slot-shaped structure 2.1 to limit it.
  • the fixing base 2 is fixed on the top of the side beam 9.
  • the large overlap structure design of the second rod 1.1 and the fixed seat 2 greatly reduces the shaking amount of the protective fence and improves the overall stability and safety of the protective fence.
  • the first rod 3 is arranged on the outer side of the upper side beam of the vehicle, does not occupy effective working space, maximizes the lateral operation space, and greatly reduces the probability of collision and scratching of the car; the first rod 3 and several second rods 1.1 Pin connection, and can play a certain role of counterweight, no additional booster spring is needed, the overall structure is simplified, the structure is simple, and the labor intensity is low.
  • the two ends of the first flexible cord 4 are respectively bolted to the upper part of the two protection assemblies 1 at the extreme ends; the first flexible cord 4 can also be provided in the middle of the protection assembly 1 according to needs.
  • the protective first soft rope 4 is arranged on the outside of the second rod 1.1, and the material of the soft rope will not scratch the paint surface in contact with the car.
  • the locking device 5 mainly includes a fixed seat plate 5.1 and two sliding lock plates 5.3.
  • the sliding lock plate 5.3 is hinged with the second rod 1.1, and the fixed seat plate 5.1 is provided with a fixed shaft 5.2, which cooperates with the "L"-shaped closed chute of the sliding lock plate 5.3.
  • the fixed shaft 5.2 can slide along the chute and is used to lock the device.
  • Sliding guide; a pedal 5.4 is provided at the tail of the locking device 5, which is convenient for locking and unlocking.
  • the fixed seat plate 5.1 is fixed on the top of the side beam 9.
  • the locking device 5 can drive the second lever 1.1 to switch between the inclined state and the vertical state, and lock or unlock the position of the second lever 1.1 in the two states.
  • the locking device can simultaneously lock the second rod in two states of standing up and folded down, and has a simple structure and high safety.
  • the warning sign 6 is an existing mature structure, which is used to warn the working state (upright upright) and the non-working state (tilted down) of the protective fence, which will not be repeated.
  • the escalator protection component 7 which mainly includes fixed handrails 7.1, connecting rods 7.2 and a second soft rope 7.3, is used for guardrails to be erected, and there is no guardrail protection area at the escalator Protection.
  • the fixed armrest 7.1 is set at the upper and lower mouth of the operator, one end is pin-connected to the connecting rod 7.2; the other end of the connecting rod 7.2 is bolted to the second soft rope 7.3; the other end of the second soft rope 7.3 is connected to the most extreme second rod 1.1 Bolted.
  • the protective fence is in working state (vertically standing up), the second soft rope 7.3 and the connecting rod 7.2 are close to the straightened state, which plays a certain protective role; the protective fence is not working (tilted down), and the connecting rod 7.2 naturally hangs on the vehicle
  • the second soft rope 7.3 has a small slack margin and does not require additional bolting.
  • the stopper 8 is arranged on the top surface of the upper side beam 9 of the vehicle, and is used to limit the position of the first rod 3 when the guardrail is in a non-working state (tilted down).
  • Protective pads are arranged inside the first rod 3, the second rod 1.1 and other metal parts to prevent scratches and damage to the paint surface of the car.
  • the present disclosure can complete the erection and tilting of the upper protective fence in a time-saving and labor-saving manner, and can maximize the lateral operation space to ensure the safety of operators and automobiles.
  • the pedal 5.4 of the uplift locking device 5 is unlocked, and the second rod 1.1 is turned to the supporting plate 1.2 and the fixed seat 2 is tightened.
  • the second rod 1.1 reaches the working state (vertical Stand up)
  • the sliding lock plate 5.3 of the locking device 5 automatically enters the locked position, or lightly step on the pedal 5.4 to make the sliding lock plate 5.3 enter the locked position
  • the protective fence stands up and enters the working state, as shown in Figure 4, the operator You can start loading and unloading cars.
  • the escalator protection component 7 automatically unfolds the protection, and the warning sign 6 automatically unfolds to warn that it has entered the working state.
  • the operator lifts the pedal 5.4 of the locking device 5 to unlock, and rotates the second lever 1.1 until the first lever 3 and the stop 8 are tightened.
  • the second lever 1.1 reaches the non-working state (tilted down )
  • the sliding lock plate 5.3 of the locking device 5 automatically enters the locked position, or lightly step on the pedal 5.4 to make the sliding lock plate 5.3 enter the locked position, and the protective fence is folded into a non-working state, as shown in Figure 3, the operator can get off.
  • the escalator protection component 7 and the warning sign 6 are automatically folded and put away.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a special railway freight car for transportation vehicles, including a car body, a side beam 9 is arranged on the top of the car body, a foldable guard rail as described above is arranged on the outside of the side beam 9, and the fixed seat plate 5.1 of the locking device 5 is fixed On the top of the side beam, the fixing seat 2 is fixed on the top of the side beam 9, and the top of the side beam 9 is provided with a stopper 8 to limit the position of the first rod 3 when the second rod 1.1 is inclined.
  • the above-mentioned foldable protective fence can be applied to the railway wagons for transporting automobiles described in the background art section, and can also be applied to various transport vehicles such as automobiles, agricultural vehicles, and electric vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)

Abstract

一种可折叠防护栏及应用，其中可折叠防护栏包括至少一组防护组件（1），防护组件（1）包括横向设置的第一杆（3），第一杆（3）与多个第二杆（1.1）铰接连接，第二杆（1.1）之间连接有第一软绳（4）；第二杆（1.1）侧部与锁闭装置（5）连接，锁闭装置（5）包括与第二杆（1.1）铰接的滑动锁板（5.3），滑动锁板（5.3）设有滑槽，固定轴（5.2）设置于滑槽内并可沿滑槽滑动，固定轴（5.2）与固定座板（5.1）固定连接，锁闭装置（5）可带动第二杆（1.1）在倾斜状态和竖直状态下转换，并对两种状态下第二杆（1.1）位置进行锁闭或解锁。一种运输汽车用铁路货车专用车，包括可折叠防护栏。

Description

一种可折叠防护栏及应用及运输汽车用铁路货车专用车 技术领域
本公开涉及一种可折叠防护栏，可以适用于各种车体中，特别适用于一种运输汽车用铁路货车中。
背景技术
铁路运输具有安全、节能、环保的特性，汽车生产消费则具有明显的区域集中性，且多为中长距离运输，正符合铁路大容量、远距离、规模化的技术经济特性，因此，运输汽车用铁路货车专用车在欧洲广泛应用。
由于车辆限界限制，运输汽车用铁路货车专用车的上层防护栏高度受限，固定防护栏难以满足防护高度需求。经过长期发展，上层防护栏逐步由固定栏杆向可折叠栏杆转变。现有的可折叠栏杆结构形式，主要由顶部的水平金属杆、若干根金属转杆、转杆座、扶梯处的连杆机构、助力弹簧、锁闭机构和警示装置等组成。操作时，人工转动转杆，弹簧助力，带动水平金属杆升高到一定高度后锁闭，起到防护作用。发明人发现，由于水平金属杆严重限制了横向空间，汽车开关门和操作人员移动非常不便，大大降低了工作效率，增加了坠落风险。转杆和转杆座间销接，通过设置垫圈减小横向间隙来减小栏杆横向晃动，但是效果不太理想，栏杆晃动较大或抗劲过大，须增设弹簧助力。
发明内容
本公开目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种可折叠防护栏及应用及运输汽车用铁路货车专用车；该折叠防护栏大大增加了横向空间，降低劳动强度，且大大减小了栏杆晃动，提高稳定性和安全性。
本公开的第一发明目的是提出一种可折叠防护栏，为实现上述目的，本公开采用下述技术方案：
一种可折叠防护栏，包括至少一组防护组件，所述防护组件包括横向设置的第一杆，所述第一杆与多个第二杆铰接连接，所述第二杆之间连接有第一软绳；
所述第二杆侧部与锁闭装置连接，所述锁闭装置包括与第二杆铰接的滑动锁板，滑动锁板设有滑槽，固定轴设置于滑槽内并可沿滑槽滑动，固定轴与固定座板固定连接，锁闭装置可带动第二杆在倾斜状态和竖直状态下转换，并对两种状态下第二杆位置进行锁闭或解锁。
本公开的可折叠防护栏的工作原理是：
铁路货车装卸汽车前，启动锁闭装置，由锁闭装置带动第二杆由倾斜状态转换至竖直状态，同时锁闭装置进入锁闭位对第二杆位置进行锁闭，整个防护栏立起；
完成装卸汽车作业后，启动锁闭装置，由锁闭装置带动第二杆由竖直状态转换至倾斜状态，同时锁闭装置进入锁闭位对第二杆位置进行锁闭，整个防护栏折叠收起。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述滑动锁板端部固定设置踏板。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述滑槽为封闭槽，滑槽呈L型。
作为进一步的技术方案，多个所述第二杆相互平行设置，所述第二杆通过弯头连接板与第一杆铰接，所述弯头连接板一端固定于第二杆下端，弯头连接板另一端铰接于第一杆。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述弯头连接板为折角板。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述第二杆下侧部与支板固定连接，所述支板与固 定座铰接。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述支板下部设置楔形定位挡块，所述固定座侧部设置与楔形定位挡块配合的横向限位挡边、纵向限位挡边，以对第二杆进行横向和纵向限位。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述楔形定位挡块与支板、固定座的铰接处具有间距。
作为进一步的技术方案，相邻所述防护组件之间具有间隙，相邻防护组件并排设置，所述防护组件与另一相邻的防护组件相对的端部设置扶梯防护部件，扶梯防护部件可由防护组件带动在松弛状态和拉直状态下转换。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述扶梯防护部件包括固定扶手，固定扶手与连杆一端铰接，所述连杆另一端与第二软绳固定连接，第二软绳固定连接于第二杆。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述防护组件还设有警示牌。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述第一杆、第二杆内侧设有防护垫。
本公开的第二发明目的提出一种运输汽车用铁路货车专用车，包括车体，车体顶部设置侧梁，所述侧梁外侧设置如上所述的可折叠防护栏，固定座板与侧梁固定连接，所述侧梁顶部设置挡块以在第二杆倾斜状态下对第一杆限位。
本公开的第三发明目的提出一种如上所述的可折叠防护栏在运输车辆中的应用。
本公开的有益效果为：
1、本公开的折叠防护栏，软绳设置于第二杆外侧，且软绳材质与汽车接触不会刮伤漆面，最大程度增加了横向操作空间并大大降低了汽车磕碰、刮擦的概率。
2、本公开的折叠防护栏，设置扶梯防护部件，随着第二杆的立起和放倒，即可自动展开防护和收起。
3、本公开的折叠防护栏，锁闭装置能够同时满足转杆立起和折叠放倒两种状态的锁闭，结构简单、安全性高。
4、本公开的折叠防护栏，第二杆与固定座的大搭接量结构设计，大大降低了防护栏的晃动量，提高了防护栏的稳定性和安全性；
5、本公开的折叠防护栏，第一杆设置于车辆上层侧梁的外侧，不占用有效作业空间，同时能起到一定的配重作用，不需要额外设置助力弹簧，简化了整体结构。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为处于竖直状态的可折叠防护栏整体结构示意图；
图2为处于竖直状态的可折叠防护栏另一种设置方式示意图；
图3为在铁路货车上可折叠防护栏处于倾斜状态的示意图；
图4为在铁路货车上可折叠防护栏处于竖直状态的示意图；
图5(a)为第二杆与弯头连接板的配合设置主视图；
图5(b)为第二杆与弯头连接板的配合设置左视图；
图6(a)为第二杆处于竖直状态与锁闭装置的配合示意图；
图6(b)为第二杆处于倾斜状态与锁闭装置的配合示意图；
图7(a)为扶梯防护部件处于拉直状态的结构示意图；
图7(b)为扶梯防护部件处于松弛状态的结构示意图；
图中，1—防护组件，1.1—第二杆，1.2—支板，1.2.1-楔形定位挡块，1.3—弯头连接板，1.4—绳栓；2—固定座，2.1-卡槽状结构，3—第一杆，4—第一软绳，5—锁闭装置，5.1—固定座板，5.2—固定轴，5.3—滑动锁板，5.4—踏板，6—警示牌，7—扶梯防护部件，7.1—固定扶手，7.2—连杆，7.3—第二软绳，8—挡块，9—侧梁。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合；
为了方便叙述，本公开中如果出现“上”、“下”、“左”“右”字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用,仅仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
正如背景技术所介绍的，发明人发现，现有可折叠栏杆由于水平金属杆严重限制了横向空间，汽车开关门和操作人员移动非常不便，大大降低了工作效率，增加了坠落风险。为了解决如上的技术问题，本申请提出了一种可折叠防护栏及应用及运输汽车用铁路货车专用车。
本申请提供了一种可折叠防护栏，包括至少一组防护组件，所述防护组件包括横向设置的第一杆，所述第一杆与多个第二杆铰接连接，所述第二杆之间连接有第一软绳；
所述第二杆侧部与锁闭装置连接，所述锁闭装置包括与第二杆铰接的滑动锁板，滑动锁板设有滑槽，固定轴设置于滑槽内并可沿滑槽滑动，固定轴与固定座板固定连接，锁闭装置可带动第二杆在倾斜状态和竖直状态下转换，并对两种状态下第二杆位置进行锁闭或解锁。
实施例1
下面结合附图1-附图7对本实施例公开的可折叠防护栏做进一步的说明；
参照附图1、图2所示，可折叠防护栏，主要包括防护组件1、固定座2、第一杆3、第一软绳4、锁闭装置5、警示牌6、扶梯防护部件7和挡块8等组成，设置于车辆上层底架的两侧。其主要用于防止运输汽车用铁路货车专用车的操作人员，在装卸汽车时从铁路货车上跌落。
本实施例中，可折叠防护栏设置两组防护组件1，相邻防护组件1之间具有间隙，相邻防护组件1并排设置，防护组件1与另一相邻的防护组件1相对的端部设置扶梯防护部件7，扶梯防护部件7可由防护组件1带动在松弛状态和拉直状态下转换。如图1所示，可折叠防护栏的一组防护组件设置两个并排设置的第二杆1.1，另一组防护组件设置九个并排设置的第二杆1.1，两防护组件在相对端部的第二杆1.1处设置扶梯防护部件7；如图2所示，为另一种可折叠防护栏的设置，其一组防护组件设置三个并排设置的第二杆1.1，另一组防护组件设置八个并排设置的第二杆1.1，两防护组件在相对端部的第二杆1.1处设置扶梯防护部件7；这两种形式的可折叠防护栏可分别设置于铁路货车上层底架的两侧，扶梯防护部件7 可对应设置于铁路货车的扶梯处。
如图1、图2所示，防护组件1包括横向设置的第一杆3，第一杆3与多个第二杆1.1铰接连接，多个第二杆1.1相互平行设置，第二杆1.1之间连接有第一软绳4；第二杆1.1侧部与锁闭装置5连接。
如图5(a)、图5(b)所示，第二杆1.1作为转动主体，带动第一软绳4到达工作状态(竖直立起)和非工作状态(倾斜放倒)。第二杆1.1通过弯头连接板1.3与第一杆3铰接，弯头连接板1.3一端固定于第二杆1.1下端，弯头连接板1.3另一端铰接于第一杆3，弯头连接,1.3为折角板形式。
支板1.2设置于第二杆1.1下部，背面与第二杆1.1连接固定；支板1.2，上部设置销孔，与固定座2铰接，下部设置楔形定位挡块1.2.1，销孔与楔形定位挡块1.2.1间有一定距离，可以更有效的控制防护组件1的横向晃动。
第二杆1.1中部和顶部设置绳栓1.4，与第一软绳4连接。
如图6(a)、6(b)所示，固定座2为整体式夹板结构，上部设置销孔，与防护组件1的第二杆1.1通过支板1.2销接；固定座2的下侧部设置与楔形定位挡块1.2.1配合的横向限位挡边、纵向限位挡边，以对第二杆1.1进行横向和纵向限位。
横向限位挡边与支板1.2小间隙配合，与固定座2的销孔有一定距离，用于横向限位，在销孔处固定座与支板也是小间隙配合，这样有一定间距的两处小间隙限位，可以很好的防止转杆横向摆动。纵向限位挡边用于纵向限位。横向限位挡边和纵向限位挡边可以设置为挡板形式，也可以将二者结合设置成卡槽状结构2.1，卡槽状结构2.1的两侧壁即为横向限位挡边，另两侧壁即为纵向限位挡边，楔形定位挡块1.2.1卡合于卡槽状结构2.1后即可对其进行限位。
固定座2固定于侧梁9顶部。第二杆1.1与固定座2的大搭接量结构设计， 大大降低了防护栏的晃动量，提高了防护栏整体的稳定性和安全性。
第一杆3设置于车辆上层侧梁的外侧，不占用有效作业空间，最大程度增加了横向操作空间，大大降低了汽车磕碰、刮擦的概率；第一杆3同时与若干根第二杆1.1销接，且能起到一定的配重作用，不需要额外设置助力弹簧，简化了整体结构，结构简单、劳动强度低。
第一软绳4两端，分别栓接于最端部的两根所述防护组件1上部；根据需要，所述防护组件1的中部也可设置所述第一软绳4。起防护作用的第一软绳4设置于第二杆1.1外侧，软绳材质与汽车接触不会刮伤漆面。
如图6(a)、图6(b)所示，锁闭装置5，主要包括固定座板5.1和两块滑动锁板5.3。滑动锁板5.3与第二杆1.1铰接，固定座板5.1设置固定轴5.2，与滑动锁板5.3的“L”形封闭滑槽配合，固定轴5.2可沿滑槽滑动，用于锁闭装置的滑动导向；锁闭装置5的尾部设置踏板5.4，便于锁闭和解锁。固定座板5.1固定于侧梁9顶部。锁闭装置5可带动第二杆1.1在倾斜状态和竖直状态下转换，并对两种状态下第二杆1.1位置进行锁闭或解锁。锁闭装置能够同时满足第二杆立起和折叠放倒两种状态的锁闭，结构简单、安全性高。
警示牌6为既有成熟结构，用于警示防护栏的工作状态(竖直立起)和非工作状态(倾斜放倒)，不再赘述。
如图7(a)、图7(b)所示，扶梯防护部件7，主要包括固定扶手7.1、连杆7.2和第二软绳7.3，用于防护栏立起后，扶梯处无栏杆防护区域的防护。
固定扶手7.1设置于操作人员上下口处，一端与连杆7.2销接；连杆7.2另一端与第二软绳7.3栓接；第二软绳7.3的另一端与最端部的第二杆1.1栓接。防护栏工作状态(竖直立起)，第二软绳7.3与连杆7.2接近拉直状态，起到一定的防 护作用；防护栏非工作状态(倾斜放倒)，连杆7.2自然垂落于车辆上层侧梁顶面，第二软绳7.3有较小的松余量，无须额外栓结固定。
挡块8设置于车辆上层侧梁9的顶面，用于防护栏非工作状态(倾斜放倒)时第一杆3的限位。
在第一杆3、第二杆1.1及其他金属件内侧设置防护垫，防止刮碰伤汽车漆面。
通过以上技术方案，本公开可省时、省力的完成上层防护栏的立起和放倒，且能最大化提供横向操作空间，保证操作人员和汽车的安全性。
上述可折叠防护栏的操作过程为：
操作人员从扶梯登上上层底架后，上挑锁闭装置5的踏板5.4解锁，转动第二杆1.1至支板1.2与固定座2顶紧，此时第二杆1.1到达工作状态(竖直立起)，锁闭装置5的滑动锁板5.3自动进入锁闭位，或轻踩踏板5.4使滑动锁板5.3进入锁闭位，防护栏立起进入工作状态，如图4所示，操作人员即可开始进行装卸汽车作业。在此过程中，扶梯防护部件7自动展开防护，警示牌6自动展开警示已进入工作状态。
完成装卸汽车作业后，操作人员上挑锁闭装置5的踏板5.4解锁，转动第二杆1.1至第一杆3与挡块8顶紧，此时第二杆1.1到达非工作状态(倾斜放倒)，锁闭装置5的滑动锁板5.3自动进入锁闭位，或轻踩踏板5.4使滑动锁板5.3进入锁闭位，防护栏折叠进入非工作状态，如图3所示，操作人员即可下车。在此过程中，扶梯防护部件7和警示牌6自动折叠收起。
本公开还提出一种运输汽车用铁路货车专用车，包括车体，车体顶部设置侧梁9，侧梁9外侧设置如上所述的可折叠防护栏，锁闭装置5的固定座板5.1固定于侧梁顶部，固定座2固定于侧梁9顶部，侧梁9顶部设置挡块8以在第二杆 1.1倾斜状态下对第一杆3限位。
此外，上述可折叠防护栏既可以应用在背景技术部分所述的运输汽车用铁路货车中，还可以应用在各种汽车、农业车、电动车等等运输车辆中。
上述虽然结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本公开保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本公开的保护范围以内。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可折叠防护栏，其特征是，包括至少一组防护组件，所述防护组件包括横向设置的第一杆，所述第一杆与多个第二杆铰接连接，所述第二杆之间连接有第一软绳；
    所述第二杆侧部与锁闭装置连接，所述锁闭装置包括与第二杆铰接的滑动锁板，滑动锁板设有滑槽，固定轴设置于滑槽内并可沿滑槽滑动，固定轴与固定座板固定连接，锁闭装置可带动第二杆在倾斜状态和竖直状态下转换，并对两种状态下第二杆位置进行锁闭或解锁。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，所述滑动锁板端部固定设置踏板；所述滑槽为封闭槽，滑槽呈L型。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，多个所述第二杆相互平行设置，所述第二杆通过弯头连接板与第一杆铰接，所述弯头连接板一端固定于第二杆下端，弯头连接板另一端铰接于第一杆；所述弯头连接板为折角板。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，所述第二杆下侧部与支板固定连接，所述支板与固定座铰接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，所述支板下部设置楔形定位挡块，所述固定座侧部设置与楔形定位挡块配合的横向限位挡边、纵向限位挡边，以对第二杆进行横向和纵向限位；所述楔形定位挡块与支板、固定座的铰接处具有间距。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，相邻所述防护组件之间具有间隙，相邻防护组件并排设置，所述防护组件与另一相邻的防护组件相对的端部设置扶梯防护部件，扶梯防护部件可由防护组件带动在松弛状态和拉直状态下转换。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，所述扶梯防护部件包括固定扶手，固定扶手与连杆一端铰接，所述连杆另一端与第二软绳固定连接，第二软绳固定连接于第二杆。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的可折叠防护栏，其特征是，所述防护组件还设有警示牌；所述第一杆、第二杆内侧设有防护垫。
  9. 一种运输汽车用铁路货车专用车，其特征是，包括车体，车体顶部设置侧梁，所述侧梁外侧设置如权利要求1-8任一项所述的可折叠防护栏，固定座板与侧梁固定连接，所述侧梁顶部设置挡块以在第二杆倾斜状态下对第一杆限位。
  10. 一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的可折叠防护栏在运输车辆中的应用。
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