Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
  • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
  • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D211/68—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D211/72—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D211/74—Oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine in two hydrated and one anhydrous crystalline forms.
• the present invention further relates to methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5- (4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimidothioate which is an intermediate in this process.
• the compound of formula 1 is a dual inhibitor of Acidic Mammal Chitinase (AMCase) and Chitotriosidase 1 (CHIT-1).
• AMCase Acidic Mammal Chitinase
• CHAT-1 Chitotriosidase 1
• Such compounds might be used in a treatment of disorders associated with an overexpression of those enzymes.
• disorders are asthma and allergic responses or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
• the compound of formula 2 is reacted with /V-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidone of formula 3, sodium triacetoxyborohydride as a reducing agent and glacial acetic acid in 1,2-dichloro- ethane.
• a night crude tert-butyl 4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidine-l-carboxylate of formula 4 is isolated by extraction and purified by column chromatography.
• the pure compound of formula 4 is subjected to a reaction of deprotection of tert-butoxycarbonyl moiety by solution of hydrogen chloride in ethyl acetate resulting in (2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-4-(piperidin-4-yl)morpholine of formula 5 as a dihydrochloride.
• the compound of formula 5 is reacted with dimethyl /V-cyanodithioiminocarbonate in the presence of potassium carbonate as a base in acetonitrile.
• hydrazine monohydrate is added and the reaction mixture is further refluxed for few hours.
• the suspension reaches ambient temperature, the solid material is filtered off and the crude product obtained by concentration of the filtrate is purified by column chromatography on silica-gel followed by precipitation, yielding the compound of formula 1.
• the conversion of the compound of formula 5 into the compound of formula 1 is a sequence of two reactions.
• the compound of formula 5 is converted into an intermediate which is most likely (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V- cyanopiperidine-l-carbimidothioate of formula 6.
• the present invention provides the efficient and scalable process for the synthesis of (2 S,5S)- 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-4-(piperidin-4-yl)morpholine of formula 5.
• the compound of formula 2 is reacted with N-(tert- butoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidone of formula 3, in the presence of a reducing agent, sodium cyanoborohydride and an additive, preferably zinc chloride in a solvent, preferably an alcohol, more preferably in methanol, at a temperature from 0 °C to reflux, preferably at ambient temperature.
• tert-butyl 4-((2S,5S)- 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)piperidine-l-carboxylate of formula 4 is isolated by extraction and the crude product is dissolved in a solvent, preferably ethyl acetate, and a solution of hydrochloric acid, preferably concentrated hydrochloric acid, is added.
• a solvent preferably ethyl acetate
• hydrochloric acid preferably concentrated hydrochloric acid
• the present invention relates to a method for the synthesis of the compound of formula 5 with no impurity of formula 13. Moreover, the conditions described in this application unobviously allow to use hydrochloride salt of the compound of formula 2 as the starting material which can facilitate the process.
• the compound of formula 2 is an oil of limited stability, what means that it must be kept in a form of salt in order to prevent decomposition. To the contrary, the reaction described in W02017/037670 is not proceeding when hydrochloride of the compound of formula 2 is used as the starting material and the salt must be first converted into the free base which is an additional operation.
• the present invention further provides a method for the synthesis of methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5- (4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimidothioate of formula 6. This compound was never isolated nor described yet.
• the related compound can be synthetized by the reaction of (2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-4-(piperidin-4-yl)morpho- line of formula 5 with dimethyl /V-cyanodithioiminocarbonate in the presence of a base, preferably trialkylamine, more preferably triethylamine, in a solvent, preferably ethanol, 1- propanol or 2-propanol.
• a base preferably trialkylamine, more preferably triethylamine
• a solvent preferably ethanol, 1- propanol or 2-propanol.
• the reaction is carried out at a temperature from room temperature to reflux, preferably at 50 °C.
• the reaction mixture is allowed to cool down to ambient temperature when full conversion of the starting material is obtained.
• the product crystallizes upon cooling.
• the material is filtered off and the filter cake is washed with the solvent, preferably ethanol, 1-propanol, or 2-propanol, and dried to afford the compound of formula 6.
• the present invention further provides a method for the synthesis of the compound of formula 6 directly from the compound of formula 2 avoiding the three-step synthesis. This approach relates to the reaction of the compound of formula 2 with 4-oxopiperidine methyl /V-cyanothioimidocarbamate of formula 14.
• the compound of formula 14 can be easily obtained from commercially available 4,4-dihydroxypiperidine hydrochloride by a reaction with dimethyl /V-cyanodithioiminocarbonate in the presence of a base, preferably trialkylamine, more preferably triethylamine, in a solvent, preferably in a mixture of solvents, and more preferably in a mixture of 2-propanol and water, at a temperature from 0 °C to reflux, preferably at ambient temperature.
• the reaction mixture is quenched with 6 M solution of hydrochloric acid and extracted with organic solvent, preferably dichloromethane.
• the solution is washed with water and the solvent is swapped to a polar solvent, preferably 2-propanol.
• a non-polar solvent preferably isopropyl ether
• a solvent preferably with a mixture of solvents, and more preferably with a mixture of 2-propanol and isopropyl ether, and then dried to afford the compound of formula 14 as an off-white solid.
• the reaction between the compound of formula 2 and the compound of formula 14 is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent, preferably sodium cyanoborohydride, and an additive, preferably zinc chloride, in a polar solvent, preferably ethanol, at a temperature from 0 °C to reflux, preferably at ambient temperature.
• a reducing agent preferably sodium cyanoborohydride
• an additive preferably zinc chloride
• a polar solvent preferably ethanol
• the target molecule of formula 1 can be obtained either from the compound of formula 5 or the compound of formula 6. Moreover, this patent application describes methods for the preparation of an anhydrous form, two hydrated forms (hydrated forms I and II) and an amorphous form of the target molecule of formula 1. The methods outlined in this paragraph are summarized in FIG. 1.
• the present invention further provides a method for the synthesis of the compound of formula 1 hydrated form I from the compound of formula 5 (reaction A in FIG. 1).
• the compound of formula 5 is suspended in a solvent, preferably in ethanol, and dimethyl N- cyanodithioiminocarbonate is added, followed by a base, preferably trialkylamine, more preferably triethylamine, at a temperature from ambient temperature to boiling point, preferably at 40 °C.
• a base preferably trialkylamine, more preferably triethylamine
• the present invention further provides method for the synthesis of the compound of formula 1 hydrated form I from the compound of formula 6 (reaction B in FIG. 1).
• the compound of formula 6 is suspended in a solvent, preferably in ethanol, at a temperature from ambient temperature to boiling point, preferably at 60 °C, and hydrazine monohydrate is added.
• a solvent preferably in ethanol
• hydrazine monohydrate is added.
• water is added and the solution is cooled down to a temperature from -20 °C to ambient temperature, preferably to 5 °C.
• the precipitated solid is filtered off and the filter cake is rinsed with a mixture of water and an organic solvent, preferably ethanol, and dried to afford the compound of formula 1 hydrated form I as a white solid.
• the present invention further provides a method for the synthesis of the compound of formula 1 anhydrous form from the compound of formula 6 (reaction C in FIG. 1).
• the reaction of the compound of formula 6 with hydrazine monohydrate is carried out in an organic solvent, preferably acetonitrile, at a temperature from ambient temperature to boiling point, preferably at 60 °C.
• an organic solvent preferably acetonitrile
• the solution is allowed to cool down to ambient temperature and the product precipitates upon cooling.
• the solid is filtered off and the filter cake is rinsed with a solvent, preferably with acetonitrile, and dried to afford the compound of formula 1 anhydrous form as a white solid.
• the present invention further provides a method for the preparation of the anhydrous form of the compound of formula 1 from its hydrated form I (method D in FIG. 1).
• the compound of formula 1 in hydrated form I is suspended in an organic solvent, preferably in ethyl acetate, and the suspension is heated up to reflux. Upon heating the suspension turns into a clear solution. The solution is distilled until the temperature of volatiles reaches 76 °C. During distillation the product precipitates. The solid is filtered off at ambient temperature. The filter cake is rinsed with an organic solvent, preferably ethyl acetate, and dried to afford the compound of formula 1 in the anhydrous form as white crystals.
• the synthesis of the compound of formula 1 hydrated form I followed by the synthesis of the compound of the formula 1 anhydrous form has a significant advantage as compared to the synthesis of the compound of formula 1 described in W02017/037670.
• the precipitation of the compound of the formula 1 hydrated form I unobviously allows to control the amount of residual hydrazine which is considered as a genotoxic impurity and must be controlled at ppm levels.
• the method outlined in the previous paragraph was used for the synthesis of three batches of the anhydrous form of the compound of formula 1. This material was carefully analyzed for purity, residual hydrazine level and particle size distribution.
• the present invention further provides a method for the preparation of the hydrated form II of the compound of formula 1 from its anhydrous form (method E in FIG. 1).
• the compound of the formula 1 anhydrous form is dissolved in methanol at reflux.
• To the solution water is added and product precipitates.
• the suspension is allowed to cool down to a temperature from -20 °C to ambient temperature, preferably to 5 °C.
• the solid as aged and filtered off.
• the filter cake is rinsed with a mixture of water and methanol, and dried to afford the compound of formula 1 hydrated form II as a white solid.
• the present invention provides a process for the synthesis of (2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2- methyl-4-(piperidin-4-yl)morpholine of formula 5 dihydrochloride hydrate in a solid crystalline state.
• the present invention relates to methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl- morpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimidothioate of formula 6 in a solid crystalline state characterized by at least one of below:
• the present invention provides a process for the synthesis of methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5-(4- chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimidothioate of formula 6 in a solid crystalline state.
• the present invention further relates to 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholi- no)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 hydrated form I in a solid crystalline state characterized by at least one of below:
• the present invention provides a process for the synthesis of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 hydrated form I in a solid crystalline state.
• the present invention further relates to 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholi- no)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 anhydrous form in a solid crystalline state characterized by at least one of below:
• the present invention further provides a preparation of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2- methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 anhydrous form in a solid crystalline state.
• the present invention further relates to 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpho- lino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 hydrated form II in a solid crystalline state characterized by at least one of below:
• the present invention provides a process for the synthesis of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)- 2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 hydrated form II in a solid crystalline state.
• the present invention further relates to 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholi- no)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 amorphous form in a solid state characterized by: (i) IR bands at 3312, 3173, 2968, 2859, 2822, 1634, 1551, 1489, 1458, 1346, 1277, 1246, 1150, 1115, 1094, 1069, 1013, 920, 858, 804, 758, 719, and 665 cm 1 .
• the aforementioned characteristic is substantially in accordance with FIG. 18.
• the present invention provides a method for the preparation of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chloro- benzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine of formula 1 amor phous form in a solid state.
• the present invention provides industrially scalable methods for the synthesis of the compound of formula 1.
• the methods avoid chromatographic purifications which were the most tedious parts of the process.
• the final product is obtained in a repeatable manner in terms of particle size distribution, purity and the residual hydrazine level, and meets high standards for drug substances.
• Fig. 1 Scheme of the synthesis of various forms of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl- morpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine.
• Fig. 7 XPRD diffractogram of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)piperidin- l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine hydrated form I calculated from X-ray analysis of a single crystal obtained from a mixture of water and ethanol.
• Fig. 8 FT-IR (ATR) spectrum of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine hydrated form I obtained in Example 6.
• Fig. 10 XPRD diffractogram of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine anhydrous form obtained in Example 8.
• Fig. 11 FT-IR (ATR) spectrum of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine anhydrous form obtained in Example 8.
• Fig. 15 XPRD diffractogram of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine hydrated form II calculated from X-ray analysis of a single crystal obtained from a mixture of water and methanol.
• Fig. 16 FT-IR (ATR) spectrum of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine hydrated form II obtained in Example 10.
• Fig. 18 FT-IR (ATR) spectrum of 5-(4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)- piperidin-l-yl)-l/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine amorphous form obtained in Example 11.
• Resonances are given in parts per million relative to tetramethylsilane (d 0.00 ppm for CD3CI) or residual solvent (d 4.87 ppm for CD3OD or d 7.61 ppm for Oe ⁇ e) for 3 H NMR, or to solvent (d 49.00 ppm for CD3OD, d 77.26 ppm for CDCI3 or d 128.06 ppm for Oe ⁇ e) for 13 C NMR).
• XPRD diffractograms of compounds obtained in Examples 3 and 8 were recorded with Bruker D8 Discover powder X-ray diffractometer equipped with Cu CuKa radiation (1.54 A) and Vantec detector. The samples were analyzed in a continuous mode with step size of 0.01222276° and step time of 0.9 s over an angular range of 3-50° 2Q. XPRD diffractograms of compounds obtained in Examples 6 and 10 were calculated from single-crystal X-ray data using Mercury software.
• PSD data were recoded with Malvern Mastersizer 2000 in Isopar G.
• the purity was measured by HPLC-UV method.
• the analysis is performed on Phenyl-Hexyl analytical column (Kinetex Phenyl-Hexyl, 2.1 mmxlOO mm; 2.6 pm) at 20 °C, and at mobile phase flow rate of 0.3 mL/min.
• the mobile phase is a mixture of solvent A (900 mL water, 100 mL methanol, 1 g ammonium formate) and solvent B (100 mL water, 900 mL methanol, 1 g ammonium formate).
• Elution is carried out under gradient elution (60% of solvent B from 0.0 to 2.0 min then from 60% to 85% of solvent B from 2.0 to 2.5 min then 85% of solvent B from 2.5 to 5.5 min then from 85% to 100% of solvent B from 5.5 to 6.0 min then 100% of solvent B from 6.0 to 8.0 min then from 100% to 60% of solvent B from 8.0 to 8.2 min then at 60% of solvent B from 8.2 to 13.0 min). Peaks are recorded using UV detection at 225 nm.
• the residual level of hydrazine was measured by HPLC-UV method.
• a sample is prepared by dissolution of 75 mg in 1 mL of methanol. 1 mL of 1 M HCI solution is added followed by 1 mL of benzaldehyde solution (0.6 g/mL in methanol/water 1/1 (v/v)) and the solution is vortexed. 1 mL of n-heptane is added and the biphasic system is vortexed and centrifuged at high speed. The upper phase (5 pL) is injected for analysis.
• Chromatographic (HPLC-UV) analysis is performed on C18 analytical column (LumiSep C18, 2.1 mmx50 mm; 3 pm) maintained at 40 °C, and mobile phase flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.
• the mobile phase is composed of a mixture of solvent A (900 mL water, 100 mL acetonitrile, 1 g ammonium formate) and solvent B (100 mL water, 900 mL acetonitrile, l g ammonium formate). Elution is carried out under isocratic conditions (55% of solvent B until completion of the run at 6 min.) Peaks are recorded using UV detection at 305 nm. Benzaldehyde hydrazone retention time is ca. 2.43 min.
• Boc denotes te/T-butoxycarbonyl protecting group.
• the solution was concentrated to ca. 200 mL and concentrated hydrochloric acid (40 mL) was added. After half an hour water was distilled off using a Dean-Stark trap. Ethyl acetate was swapped for methanol and concentrated to ca. 100 mLof volume. To the solution, acetone (300 mL) was slowly added leading to precipitation of the product. The suspension was allowed to cool down to ambient temperature and aged for an hour.
• FT-IR (ATR): 2959, 2926, 2866, 2820, 2795, 2167, 1541, 1491, 1450, 1431, 1383, 1358, 1273, 1215, 1151, 1117, 1096, 1070, 1043, 1013, 988, 930, 862, 833, 806, 714, 665, and 638 cm 1 .
• ATR FT-IR
• Dimethyl /V-cyanodithioiminocarbonate (15.02 g) and 4,4-dihydroxypiperidine hydrochloride (19.72 g) were dissolved in a mixture of 2-propanol (60 mL) and water (90 mL). To the solution, triethylamine (17.3 mL) was added. After 2 h the reaction was quenched with 6 M solution of hydrochloric acid (30 mL) and extracted with CH2CI2 (4x75 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (75 mL), and 2-propanol (90 mL) was added.
• the seed crystalline material used was obtained from the crude reaction mixture.
• the reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica (EtOAc:MeOH 1:0 ⁇ 200:1 ⁇ 100:1 ⁇ 50:1 ⁇ 20:1 ⁇ 10:1).
• the fractions containing the product were combined and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure.
• the residue was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL/1 g of the product) at reflux. The solution was allowed to cool down to ambient temperature to precipitate the product. The solid was filtered off and rinsed with acetonitrile to afford the seed.
• Methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimi- dothioate (6, 7.51 g) was suspended in ethanol (37 mL) and hydrazine hydrate (2.67 mL) was added. The suspension was heated up to 60 °C and a clear solution was obtained. After 2 h water (113 mL) was added and the product precipitated upon cooling to ambient temperature.
• FT-IR 3318, 3206, 2963, 2934, 2859, 2833, 1636, 1589, 1553, 1489, 1462, 1404, 1346,1314, 1277, 1250, 1151, 117, 1092, 1069, 1013, 917, 868, 829, 800, 764, 725, and 673 cm 1 .
• FT-IR 3252, 3198, 3119, 2955, 2924, 2857, 2793, 1666, 1599, 1543, 1483, 1456, 1404, 1337, 1283, 1248, 1136, 1117, 1094, 1072, 1053, 1013, 908, 858, 795, and 718 cm 1 .
• Methyl (Z)-4-((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)-/V-cyanopiperidine-l-carbimi- dothioate (6, 5.05 g) was suspended in acetonitrile (50 mL) and hydrazine hydrate (1.78 mL) was added. The suspension was heated up to 60 °C and clear solution was obtained. After 2 h, the solution was allowed to cool down to ambient temperature and the product precipitated.
• FT-IR 3252, 3198, 3119, 2955, 2924, 2857, 2793, 1666, 1599, 1543, 1483, 1456, 1404, 1337, 1283, 1248, 1136, 1117, 1094, 1072, 1053, 1013, 908, 858, 795, and 718 cm 1 .
• the glass-like material was ground in a mortar to afford 5-(4-((2S,5S)- 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-4/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine amorphous form (1, amorphous form, 4.82 g, 96% yield, >99.9% purity by HPLC) as a white solid.
• FT-IR 3312, 3173, 2968, 2859, 2822, 1634, 1551, 1489, 1458, 1346, 1277, 1246, 1150, 1115, 1094, 1069, 1013, 920, 858, 804, 758, 719, and 665 cm 1 .
• the glass-like material was ground in a mortar to afford 5-(4- ((2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-methylmorpholino)piperidin-l-yl)-4/-/-l,2,4-triazol-3-amine amorphous form (1, amorphous form, 4.49 g, 90% yield, >99.99% purity by HPLC starting from hydrated form I, and 1, amorphous form, 4.41 g, 88% yield, >99.9% purity by HPLC starting from hydrated form II) as a white solid.
• FT-IR 3312, 3173, 2968, 2859, 2822, 1634, 1551, 1489, 1458, 1346, 1277, 1246, 1150, 1115, 1094, 1069, 1013, 920, 858, 804, 758, 719, and 665 cm 1 .

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