WO2021042797A1 - 螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法 - Google Patents

螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法 Download PDF

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WO2021042797A1
WO2021042797A1 PCT/CN2020/095304 CN2020095304W WO2021042797A1 WO 2021042797 A1 WO2021042797 A1 WO 2021042797A1 CN 2020095304 W CN2020095304 W CN 2020095304W WO 2021042797 A1 WO2021042797 A1 WO 2021042797A1
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steel
teeth
bending moment
node
tooth
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PCT/CN2020/095304
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French (fr)
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郁有升
周其霖
王轩
于德湖
王燕
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青岛理工大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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  • This application relates to the field of wood structure node design, and in particular to a method for determining the optimal tooth distribution rate of a bolt and tooth joint force transmission steel-wood node.
  • the initial stiffness and bearing capacity of the joint can be improved by arranging steel teeth on the steel splint.
  • the steel teeth are only arranged on the steel splint according to experience, and there is no Research on the influence of the number of steel teeth on the mechanical properties of the joints.
  • this application provides a method for determining the optimal tooth distribution rate of the bolt and tooth joint force transmission steel-wood node.
  • this application includes the following steps:
  • the first step Taking the tooth distribution rate as a variable and keeping other parameters unchanged, design a group of bolt and tooth joint force transmission steel-wood joint flexural members;
  • Step 2 Establish a finite element model through the finite element software ABAQUS. All elements are C3D8R. In the model, the normal and tangential relations of each contact pair are defined to simulate the interaction between the components. The normal action is hard Contact, tangential action is Coulomb friction;
  • Step 3 Obtain the bending moment-angle curve of the bending member of the steel-wood node through the force analysis, and obtain the limit bending moment M of the bending member of each steel-wood node from the curve;
  • the fourth step According to the bending moment value of 10% of the ultimate bending moment, the value of 40% of the bending moment and the corresponding turning angle, use formula (1) to calculate the initial stiffness k of the node:
  • M 40% is the bending moment value of the ultimate bending moment 40%
  • M 10% is the bending moment value of the ultimate bending moment 10%
  • ⁇ 40% is the angle corresponding to M 40%
  • ⁇ 10% is the corresponding angle of M 10% .
  • Step 5 Calculate the ratio R k of the initial stiffness of the node with teeth and the node without teeth, and draw the relationship curve between R k and the tooth distribution rate;
  • Step 6 Fit the calculation formula (2)-formula (5) of the ultimate bending moment M of the joint force transmission steel-wood joint of the bolt and the tooth when the wooden member fails:
  • Z t is the bearing capacity of a single shear surface of the steel tooth
  • Z b is the shear bearing capacity of a single shear surface of the bolt
  • f c is the compressive strength of the glulam wood along the grain
  • b is the width of the wood member
  • h is the equivalent end face of the wood member
  • n is the number of bolts on the tension side
  • e is the distance from the lower bolt force line to the center of the compression zone section
  • k c is the effective reduction factor for the compression stress distribution of the bolt holes in the glulam member, Take 0.45
  • l s is the length of the bearing surface of the pin groove
  • d is the bolt diameter
  • f em is the bearing strength of the glulam pin groove
  • ⁇ is the force adjustment coefficient of the steel teeth, which is taken as 0.35
  • Step 7 Calculate the ratio R M of the limit bending moment of the node with teeth and the node without teeth, and draw the relationship curve between R M and the tooth distribution rate;
  • Step 8 Determine the optimal tooth distribution rate according to the critical points of the curves obtained in Steps 5 and 7.
  • the tooth distribution ratio is the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the steel teeth to the area of the contact surface between the web of the splint and the wooden beam.
  • the steel teeth should be evenly distributed on the splint.
  • the minimum values of the arrangement end distance, side distance, row distance and center distance shall be taken respectively: 7d t , 4d t , 5d t and 4d t , where d t is the diameter of the steel tooth, and the diameter of the steel tooth is 3-6mm.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a steel-wood node with bolt and tooth co-transmission
  • Figure 2 is the size drawing of the flexural member of the steel-wood joint
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Figure 2;
  • Figures 4(a)-4(e) are the schematic diagrams of the steel splint arrangement of the test piece ST1 ⁇ ST5 in sequence;
  • Figures 5(a)-5(e) are the cross-sectional views of the steel splints of test piece ST1 ⁇ ST5 in sequence;
  • Figure 6 is the relationship curve between R k and tooth distribution rate
  • Figure 7 is the relationship curve between R M and tooth distribution.
  • Step 1 Perform bending load on the bolt and tooth joint force transmission steel-wood node.
  • the connection structure of the node is shown in Figure 1, and the size of the node is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
  • the node is composed of the glued wood member 1, the steel splint 2 and the bolt 3. , Design five steel splint 2 tooth distribution ratios as variable, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
  • the steel splint 2 tooth distribution ratios of these five test pieces are 0%, 0.28%, 0.46%, 0.65% and 0.80%, respectively.
  • the diameter of the steel teeth is 4.5mm
  • the embedded depth of the steel teeth is 5.6mm
  • the wooden components are Douglas fir laminated plywood.
  • Table 1 The specific parameters of this group of test pieces are shown in Table 1;
  • Step 2 Establish a finite element model through the finite element software ABAQUS. All elements are C3D8R. In the model, the normal and tangential relations of each contact pair are defined to simulate the interaction between the components. The normal action is hard Contact, tangential action is Coulomb friction;
  • Step 3 Obtain the bending moment-angle curve of the bending member of the steel-wood node through the force analysis, and the limit bending moment M of the bending member of the steel-wood node can be obtained from the curve, as shown in Table 1;
  • the fourth step According to the bending moment value of 10% of the ultimate bending moment, the value of 40% of the bending moment and the corresponding turning angle, use formula (1) to calculate the initial stiffness k of the node, as shown in Table 1;
  • Step 5 Calculate the ratio R k of the initial stiffness of the node with teeth and the node without teeth, as shown in Table 1, and draw the relationship curve between R k and the tooth distribution rate. It can be seen from Figure 6 that when the steel splint 2 has the tooth distribution rate After increasing to 0.65%, the initial stiffness of the joint is no longer significantly improved;
  • Step 6 Calculate the ultimate bending moment M of the joint force transmission steel-wood node of bolts and teeth from formula (2)-formula (5), as shown in Table 1;
  • Step 7 Comparing the finite element simulation of the third step and the limit bending moment of the node calculated in the sixth step, it can be seen that the limit bending moment of the node can be calculated more accurately by formula (2)-formula (5);
  • the eighth step According to the calculation results of the fifth and seventh steps, the tooth distribution rate is taken as 0.65%.
  • the tooth distribution ratio is the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the steel teeth to the area of the contact surface between the web of the steel splint 2 and the wood member 1.
  • the steel teeth are evenly distributed on the steel splint 2.
  • the minimum value of spacing, line spacing and center spacing is 40mm.

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

一种螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法，采用如下步骤：以夹板布齿率为参数设计一组受弯构件；利用有限元软件ABAQUS进行弹塑性受力分析并拟合出构件极限弯矩计算公式；绘制各构件的初始刚度以及极限弯矩随布齿率的变化曲线；根据曲线的临界点确定最优布齿率。

Description

螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法
本申请要求在2019年09月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910839561.3、申请名称为“一种螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及木结构节点设计领域，具体涉及一种螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法。
背景技术
随着绿色节能建筑的发展以及政策的鼓励，木结构在我国逐步得到发展。在木结构螺栓连接中，螺栓孔附近木材应力状态复杂，节点处木材易发生开裂从而导致节点承载力下降，同时木结构螺栓孔与螺栓之间存在初始间隙，影响节点刚度。
目前针对上述问题可通过在钢夹板上布设钢齿来提高节点的初始刚度和承载力，而在该类节点的设计中，缺乏理论依据，仅按照经验在钢夹板上布设钢齿，并且尚无对于钢齿布置数量对节点力学性能影响的研究。
发明内容
本申请针对螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点钢齿布置技术研究的不完善，提供了一种螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法。
为实现上述目的，本申请包括以下步骤：
第一步：以布齿率为变量，其他参数保持不变，设计一组螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点受弯构件；
第二步：通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立有限元模型，所有单元均为C3D8R，模型中对各接触对的法向和切向关系进行定义来模拟各部件之间的相互作用，法向作用为硬接触，切向作用为库伦摩擦；
第三步：通过受力分析得到钢木节点受弯构件的弯矩-转角曲线，由曲线求得各个钢木节点受弯构件的极限弯矩M；
第四步：根据极限弯矩10％的弯矩值、40％的弯矩值与对应的转角，利用公式(1)计算节点的初始刚度k：
Figure PCTCN2020095304-appb-000001
式中M 40％为极限弯矩40％的弯矩值，M 10％为极限弯矩10％的弯矩值，θ 40％为M 40％对应的转角，θ 10％为M 10％对应的转角；
第五步：计算带齿节点与不带齿节点初始刚度的比值R k，并绘制R k与布齿率的关系曲线；
第六步：拟合出木构件破坏时螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点极限弯矩M计算公式(2)-公式(5)：
f cbh＝2(nZ b+n tγZ t)        (2)
M w＝2(nZ b+n tγZ t)e         (3)
Z b＝k cl sdf em               (4)
Z t＝l td tf em                (5)
式中Z t为钢齿单个受剪面承载力；Z b为螺栓单个剪面受剪承载力；f c为胶合木顺纹抗压强度；b为木构件宽度；h为木构件端面等效受压区高度；n为受拉侧螺栓个数；e为下部螺栓合力作用线到受压区截面中心的距离；k c为胶合木 构件内螺栓孔承压应力分布情况的有效折减系数，取0.45；l s为销槽承压面长度；d为螺栓直径；f em为胶合木销槽承压强度；γ为钢齿受力调整系数，取0.35；n t为夹板钢齿数量，当γ×n t>7时取γ×n t＝7；l t为钢齿嵌入深度；d t为钢齿直径；
第七步：计算带齿节点与不带齿节点极限弯矩的比值R M，并绘制R M与布齿率的关系曲线；
第八步：根据第五步和第七步所得曲线的临界点确定最优布齿率。
本申请所涉及到的最优布齿率的确定方法：布齿率为钢齿总截面面积与夹板腹板与木梁接触面的面积之比，钢齿应均匀分布于夹板上，钢齿的布置端距、边距、行距及中距的最小值应分别取：7d t、4d t、5d t及4d t，其中d t为钢齿直径，钢齿直径取3-6mm。
本申请的有益效果：在螺栓与齿共同传力钢木节点在受力过程中，布齿率较小时钢齿对节点力学性能的提升较小，当布齿率较大时又对构件的加工带来不便，合理的布齿率可以有效提高节点的初始刚度与极限承载力，且具有较好的经济性。
附图说明
图1为螺栓与齿共同传力钢木节点连接构造示意图；
图2为钢木节点受弯构件尺寸图；
图3为图2中A-A剖面图；
图4(a)-4(e)依次为试件ST1～试件ST5钢夹板布齿情况示意图；
图5(a)-5(e)依次为试件ST1～试件ST5钢夹板剖面图；
图6为R k与布齿率的关系曲线；
图7为R M与布齿率的关系曲线。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式对本申请的技术方案进行详实的阐述，然而应当理解，在没有进一步叙述的情况下，一个实施方式中的元件、结构和特征也可以有益地结合到其他实施方式中。下面结合附图，对螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点的实例对本申请做进一步说明。
实施例
第一步：对螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点进行受弯加载，节点连接构造见图1，节点尺寸见图2、图3，该节点由胶合木构件1、钢夹板2和螺栓3构成，设计五个以钢夹板2布齿率为变量，见图4、图5，这五个试件的钢夹板2布齿率分别为0％、0.28％、0.46％、0.65％和0.80％，钢齿直径为4.5mm，钢齿嵌入深度为5.6mm，木构件为花旗松层板胶合木，该组试件的具体参数见表1；
第二步：通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立有限元模型，所有单元均为C3D8R，模型中对各接触对的法向和切向关系进行定义来模拟各部件之间的相互作用，法向作用为硬接触，切向作用为库伦摩擦；
第三步：通过受力分析得到钢木节点受弯构件的弯矩-转角曲线，由曲线可得钢木节点受弯构件的极限弯矩M，如表1所示；
第四步：根据极限弯矩10％的弯矩值、40％的弯矩值与对应的转角，利用公式(1)计算节点的初始刚度k，如表1所示；
第五步：计算带齿节点与不带齿节点初始刚度的比值R k，如表1所示，并绘制R k与布齿率的关系曲线，由图6可见，当钢夹板2布齿率增加到0.65％以后，对节点初始刚度的提升不再明显；
第六步：由公式(2)-公式(5)计算螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点的极限弯 矩M，如表1所示；
第七步：对比第三步有限元模拟以及第六步计算所得节点的极限弯矩可知，通过公式(2)-公式(5)可以较准确的计算节点的极限弯矩；
根据第六步的计算结果计算带齿节点与不带齿节点极限弯矩的比值R M，并绘制R M与布齿率的关系曲线，由图7可见，当钢夹板2布齿率增加到0.65％以后，对节点极限弯矩的提升不再明显；
第八步：根据第五步和第七步的计算结果可知，布齿率取0.65％。
表1：试件的具体参数与计算结果
Figure PCTCN2020095304-appb-000002
其中，布齿率为钢齿总截面面积与钢夹板2腹板与木构件1接触面的面积之比，钢齿均匀分布于钢夹板2上，各试件中钢齿的布置端距、边距、行距及中距的最小值为40mm。
上述虽然结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本申请保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本申请技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点最优布齿率的确定方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    第一步：以布齿率为变量，其他参数保持不变，设计一组螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点受弯构件；
    第二步：通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立有限元模型，所有单元均为C3D8R，模型中对各接触对的法向和切向关系进行定义来模拟各部件之间的相互作用，法向作用为硬接触，切向作用为库伦摩擦；
    第三步：通过受力分析得到钢木节点受弯构件的弯矩-转角曲线，由曲线求得钢木节点受弯构件的极限弯矩M；
    第四步：根据极限弯矩10％的弯矩值、40％的弯矩值与对应的转角，利用公式(1)计算节点的初始刚度k：
    Figure PCTCN2020095304-appb-100001
    式中M 40％为极限弯矩40％的弯矩值，M 10％为极限弯矩10％的弯矩值，θ 40％为M 40％对应的转角，θ 10％为M 10％对应的转角；
    第五步：计算带齿节点与不带齿节点初始刚度的比值R k，并绘制R k与布齿率的关系曲线；
    第六步：拟合出木构件破坏时螺栓与齿联合传力钢木节点极限弯矩M的计算公式(2)-公式(5)：
    f cbh＝2(nZ b+n tγZ t)  (2)
    M w＝2(nZ b+n tγZ t)e  (3)
    Z b＝k cl sdf em  (4)
    Z t＝l td tf em  (5)
    式中Z t为钢齿单个受剪面承载力；Z b为螺栓单个剪面受剪承载力；f c为胶合木顺纹抗压强度；b为木构件宽度；h为木构件端面等效受压区高度；n为受拉侧螺栓个数；e为下部螺栓合力作用线到受压区截面中心的距离；k c为胶合木构件内螺栓孔承压应力分布情况的有效折减系数，取0.45；l s为销槽承压面长度；d为螺栓直径；f em为胶合木销槽承压强度；γ为钢齿受力调整系数，取0.35；n t为夹板钢齿数量，当γ×n t>7时取γ×n t＝7；l t为钢齿嵌入深度；d t为钢齿直径；
    第七步：计算带齿节点与不带齿节点极限弯矩的比值R M，并绘制R M与布齿率的关系曲线；
    第八步：根据第五步和第七步所得曲线的临界点确定最优布齿率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的确定方法，其特征在于，所述第一步中，布齿率为钢齿总截面面积与夹板腹板与木梁接触面的面积之比，钢齿应均匀分布于夹板上，钢齿的布置端距、边距、行距及中距的最小值应分别取：7d t、4d t、5d t及4d t，其中d t为钢齿直径，钢齿直径取3-6mm。
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