WO2021031569A1 - 一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法 - Google Patents

一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031569A1
WO2021031569A1 PCT/CN2020/082549 CN2020082549W WO2021031569A1 WO 2021031569 A1 WO2021031569 A1 WO 2021031569A1 CN 2020082549 W CN2020082549 W CN 2020082549W WO 2021031569 A1 WO2021031569 A1 WO 2021031569A1
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lubricating
plastic
self
polymer
steel
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PCT/CN2020/082549
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王明祥
赵虎
倪剑雄
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明阳科技（苏州）股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021031569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031569A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0011—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/522—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by spraying, e.g. by flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/02—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/04—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. for curing or vulcanising preformed articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bonding method of a self-lubricating plate, in particular to a quick bonding process of a plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating plate.
  • Self-lubricating bearings are a type of dry friction bearings that do not need to be lubricated from outside during operation. Dry friction bearing materials can be roughly divided into three categories: plastic, metal and ceramic. Plastic dry friction bearing materials are divided into two types of bearings: single plastic and plastic-steel-backed composite self-lubricating materials. Among them, plastic-steel-backed composite self-lubricating materials are most widely used due to their outstanding advantages.
  • the existing preparation process of the plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating material has low output, high energy consumption, low production efficiency, and at the same time requires high temperature and high pressure, harsh process conditions, and complicated operations.
  • the present invention provides a fast bonding method for plastic-steel backed composite self-lubricating plates.
  • the method has high process yield, low energy consumption, greatly improved production efficiency, and production costs.
  • the preparation process conditions are more gentle, and the operation is simple and convenient.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a quick bonding method of plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating plate including the following steps:
  • Unwinding preheating unwind the steel strip and polymer self-lubricating plastic film through unwinding, pass through the oven, and pass into the composite roll;
  • Extrusion coating pass the high-molecular plastic with adhesive properties through the extruder, and directly coat the steel plate by the coating method;
  • Hot pressing compound The coated steel plate and polymer self-lubricating plastic film are continuously hot pressed and compounded through a hot roll;
  • Rewinding Rewinding the composite composite board through a rewinding machine to obtain a plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating board.
  • the method further includes the step of preparing a polymer self-lubricating plastic film, which includes forming a polymer self-lubricating plastic film with self-lubricating properties through compression molding and turning to form a film to obtain a bondable polymer self-lubricating plastic film .
  • the polymer self-lubricating plastic film includes one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyimide or polyether ether ketone, and has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the polymer plastic in step (2) includes one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, polyamide resin or organic fluorine resin.
  • the step of preparing the polymer self-lubricating plastic film includes adding a modified substance to the polymer plastic powder with self-lubricating properties, and then forming a film by molding and sintering and turning, the modified substance is a conductive substance Or non-conductive material, the conductive material is one or more of graphite, carbon powder, carbon fiber powder or metal powder, and the non-conductive material is one or more of glass fiber powder, titanium dioxide powder or organic polymer material. Many kinds.
  • the method further includes the step of surface treatment of the polymer self-lubricating plastic film, and the surface treatment method includes naphthalene-sodium treatment, plasma grafting treatment or light radiation treatment.
  • the method further includes the step of surface treatment of the steel plate, the step of surface treatment includes using one or more of mechanical polishing, sandblasting or chemical corrosion to activate its surface, and then galvanizing the surface Anti-corrosion activation treatment, the thickness of the surface treatment layer is 0.1 mm-2 mm.
  • the thickness of the coating layer coated on the steel plate in the step (2) is 0.0005 mm-0.1 mm.
  • the steps (2) and (3) are replaced with the adhesive polymer plastic film directly coated on the polymer self-lubricating plastic film through the extruder, and then the steel plate is hot pressed complex.
  • the present invention also provides a plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating board prepared according to any one of the above methods.
  • the present invention provides a quick bonding method for plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating sheet material.
  • the high-molecular plastics with bonding properties are directly coated on the steel plate through the extruder using the coating method, and then the coated
  • the steel plate and the polymer self-lubricating plastic film are continuously hot-pressed and compounded through hot rolls to achieve rapid bonding and compounding;
  • the minimum output of the method for preparing composite self-lubricating plates is more than 30 square meters per hour, which is compared with sheet-like hot pressing
  • the process energy consumption is reduced by more than 83%, which is 80% lower than the energy consumption of the continuous hot pressing process of the viscose film; at the same time, the process conditions of the direct film bonding method are more gentle, the operation is simple, and the resulting product is more stable and has fewer defects.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention directly coats polymer plastics with adhesive properties on the materials to be composited, so that the composite efficiency of such materials is maximized, and the composite efficiency is more than 60 times that of the sheet-shaped hot pressing process.
  • the continuous hot-pressing composite process of the glue film is more than 10 times.
  • the present invention provides a quick bonding method of plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating sheet, which includes the following steps:
  • Unwinding preheating unwind the steel strip and polymer self-lubricating plastic film through unwinding, pass through the oven, and pass into the composite roll;
  • Hot-pressing compound The coated steel plate and polymer self-lubricating plastic film are continuously hot-pressed and compounded through a hot roll to achieve rapid bonding and compounding;
  • Rewinding Rewinding the composite composite board through a rewinding machine to obtain a plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating board.
  • the method further includes the step of preparing a polymer self-lubricating plastic film, including the step of forming a self-lubricating polymer plastic powder into a film by molding and turning to obtain a bondable Polymer self-lubricating plastic film.
  • the polymer self-lubricating plastic film includes one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyimide or polyether ether ketone, and the thickness is 0.1mm-0.5mm.
  • the polymer plastic in the step (2) includes one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, polyamide resin or organic fluorine resin.
  • the step of preparing a polymer self-lubricating plastic film includes adding a modified substance to the polymer plastic powder with self-lubricating properties, and then forming a film by molding, sintering and turning.
  • the substance is a conductive substance or a non-conductive substance
  • the conductive substance is one or more of graphite, carbon powder, carbon fiber powder or metal powder
  • the non-conductive substance is glass fiber powder, titanium dioxide or organic polymer material.
  • the method further includes the step of surface treatment of the polymer self-lubricating plastic film, and the surface treatment method includes naphthalene-sodium treatment, plasma grafting treatment or light radiation treatment.
  • the method further includes the step of surface treatment of the steel plate, the step of surface treatment includes using one or more of mechanical polishing, sandblasting or chemical corrosion to activate its surface , And then pass galvanized surface anti-corrosion activation treatment, the thickness of the surface treatment layer is 0.1 mm-2 mm.
  • the thickness of the coating layer coated on the steel plate in the step (2) is 0.0005 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably 0.001 to 0.05 mm.
  • the steps (2) and (3) are replaced with the adhesive polymer plastic film directly coated on the polymer self-lubricating plastic film through the extruder. , And then hot-pressed composite with steel plate.
  • the polymer self-lubricating plastic film is rolled by rollers with bumps on the surface, which can improve the bonding strength and conductivity without using a conductive adhesive coating.
  • the present invention also provides a plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating board prepared according to any of the above methods.
  • the present invention also provides a plastic-steel-backed composite self-lubricating sheet prepared according to any of the above methods and applied to bushings, gaskets, sliding plates, composite bearings and other special-shaped parts with self-lubricating coatings.
  • a quick bonding method of plastic-steel back composite self-lubricating sheet is as follows:
  • Extrusion coating the high-molecular plastic ethylene vinyl acetate resin with adhesive properties is directly coated on the steel plate by the method of coating through the extruder, and the thickness of the coating layer is 0.03 mm;
  • Hot pressing compound Pass the steel strip with the adhesive coating and the polymer self-lubricating plastic film through the hot roll, and perform continuous heating at a line speed of 1-10 m/min at a temperature of 260°C and a pressure of 15 MPa. Press compound to realize fast bonding compound;
  • the minimum output is 30 square meters/hour.
  • the adhesive is directly bonded and compounded by laminating, and the energy consumption is 1 kilowatt/square meter.
  • Extrusion coating the high molecular plastic ethylene vinyl acetate resin with adhesive properties is directly coated on the steel plate through the extruder using the coating method, and the coating thickness is 0.04 mm;
  • Hot pressing compound Pass the steel strip with the adhesive coating and the polymer self-lubricating plastic film through a hot roll, and perform continuous heating at a temperature of 300°C and a pressure of 10 MPa at a linear speed of 1-10 m/min. Press compound to realize fast bonding compound;
  • the minimum output is 32 square meters/hour
  • the adhesive is directly bonded and compounded by laminating
  • the energy consumption is 2 kilowatts/square meter.
  • Adhesive film production the adhesive film is made by the process of casting or extrusion blown film;
  • Hot pressing The cut steel plate, adhesive film and the self-lubricating polymer film on the surface prepared in step (1) of the example are placed on the hot press in order, pressurized and heated, and then hot pressed, and then get Block composite board.
  • the maximum output per unit is 0.5 square meters per hour
  • the energy consumption is 6 kilowatts per square meter
  • Adhesive film production the adhesive film is made by the process of casting or extrusion blown film;
  • Hot-pressing adhesive film the processed steel strip is discharged through unwinding, and passed through an oven, penetrated with a steel rod roller to continuously bond the adhesive film to the steel plate by hot pressing; then pass through 360°C , 0.2-0.5 m/min linear speed oven for melting;
  • the polymer self-lubricating plastic film prepared in step (1) of Example 1 is discharged through unwinding, passing through an oven, and passing through the composite roller;
  • Hot-pressing compounding Pass the steel strip with adhesive coating and polymer self-lubricating plastic film through the hot-rolling roller, and perform continuous hot-pressing compounding at a temperature of 320-380°C and a pressure of 25-30 MPa;
  • the minimum output is 2-3 square meters/hour. Although it can also achieve continuous compounding, its energy consumption is greater, and the energy consumption is 5 kW/m2. It can realize compounding under higher temperature and pressure. The conditions are more severe and the process stability is poor.
  • the adhesive is directly bonded and compounded by laminating, and then hot-pressed, which reduces the energy consumption by 83% compared with the sheet hot-pressing process.
  • the energy consumption is reduced by 80%; and the direct coating process is more stable and has fewer defects.
  • the manufacturing method directly coats polymer plastics with adhesive properties on the materials to be composited, so that the composite efficiency of such materials can reach the highest level.
  • the composite efficiency is more than 60 times that of the sheet hot pressing process.
  • Adhesive glue is used.
  • the film continuous hot pressing composite process is more than 10 times.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，所述方法，通过将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机，采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上，然后将涂覆后的钢板和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊进行连续热压复合，实现快速粘结复合；所述制备复合自润滑板材的方法最小产量在30平方米/小时以上，相对于片状热压工艺和连续热压复合工艺，相较于片状热压工艺能源消耗降低60％，相较于粘胶膜连续热压工艺能源消耗降低20％；而且其直接淋膜工艺过程更加稳定，缺陷更少。

Description

一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种自润滑板材的粘接方法，具体涉及一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接工艺。
背景技术
自润滑轴承是一类在运转过程中不需要从外部给油润滑的干摩擦轴承，干摩擦轴承材料大体可分为三类：塑料类、金属类和陶瓷类。塑料类干摩擦轴承材料分为单一塑料类和塑料-钢背复合自润滑材料两种类型的轴承，其中塑料-钢背复合自润滑材料因其突出的优点使其应用最为广泛。
现有的塑料-钢背复合自润滑材料的制备工艺产量低，能耗高，生产效率低，同时需要高温高压，工艺条件苛刻，操作复杂。
现有的制备工艺中急需提供一种新的塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接工艺开发，以解决上述现有技术的缺陷。
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
为了克服上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，所述方法工艺产量高、能耗低，生产效率得到了较大的提高，生产成本也有了明显的降低，同时制备的工艺条件相对于现有技术更加温和，操作简便。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)放卷预热：将钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，传入复合辊；
(2)挤出淋膜：将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机，采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上；
(3)热压复合：将涂覆后的钢板和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊进行连续热压复合；
(4)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷，即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
优选的，所述方法还包括制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤，包括将带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料通过模压烧结并车削成膜，即得到可粘接的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜。
优选的，所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜包括聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺或聚醚醚酮中的一种或多种，其厚度为0.1毫米-0.5毫米。
优选的，步骤(2)中所述的高分子塑料包括乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂或有机氟树脂中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤包括向带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料中添加改性物质，然后通过模压烧结并车削成膜，所述的改性物质为导电物质或不导电物质，所述导电物质为石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉或金属粉末中的一种或多种，所述不导电物质为玻璃纤维粉、钛白粉或有机高分子材料中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述方法还包括对所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的方式包括萘-钠处理、等离子接枝处理或光辐射处理。
优选的，所述方法还包括对钢板进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的步骤包括使用机械打磨、喷砂或化学腐蚀中的一种或多种对其表面进行活化，然后通过镀锌表面防腐活化处理，表面处理层的厚度为0.1毫米-2毫米。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中的涂覆在钢板上的涂覆层的厚度为0.0005毫米-0.1毫米。
优选的，将步骤(2)和(3)的步骤替换为将具有粘结性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在高分子自润滑塑料薄膜上，然后和钢板热压复合。
本发明还提供了一种根据上述任一项的方法所制备得到的塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
发明的效果
本发明提供了一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，通过将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上，然后将涂覆后的钢板和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊进行连续热压复合，实现快速粘结复合；所述制备复合自润滑板材的方法最小产量在30平方米/小时以上，相较于片状热压工艺能源消耗降低83％以上，相较于粘胶膜连续热压工艺能源消耗降低80％；同时，直接淋膜的粘结方法工艺条件更加温和，操作简便，所得产品更加稳定，缺陷更少。本发明的制造方法将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料直接淋膜到要复合的材料上，使此类材料的复合效率达到最高，复合效率是片状热压工艺的60倍以上，是采用粘接胶膜连续热压复合工艺10倍以上。
具体实施方式
首先，本发明提供了一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)放卷预热：将钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，传入复合辊；
(2)挤出淋膜：将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上；
(3)热压复合：将涂覆后的钢板和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊进行连续热压复合，实现快速粘结复合；
(4)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷，即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述方法还包括制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤，包括将带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料通过模压烧结并车削成膜，即得到可粘接的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜包括聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺或聚醚醚酮等中的一种或多种，其厚度为0.1毫米-0.5毫米。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述步骤(2)中的高分子塑料包括乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂或有机氟树脂中的一种或多种。
在一项优选的实施方案中，制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤包括向带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料中添加改性物质，然后通过模压烧结并车削成膜，所述的改性物质为导电物质或不导电物质，所述导电物质为石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉或金属粉末中的一种或多种，所述不导电物质为玻璃纤维粉、钛白 粉或有机高分子材料中的一种或多种。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述方法还包括对所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的方式包括萘-钠处理、等离子接枝处理或光辐射处理。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述方法还包括对钢板进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的步骤包括使用机械打磨、喷砂或化学腐蚀中的一种或多种对其表面进行活化，然后通过镀锌表面防腐活化处理，表面处理层的厚度为0.1毫米-2毫米。
在一项优选的实施方案中，所述步骤(2)中的涂覆在钢板上的涂覆层的厚度为0.0005毫米-0.1毫米，优选为0.001-0.05毫米。
在一项优选的实施方案中，将步骤(2)和(3)的步骤替换为将具有粘结性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在高分子自润滑塑料薄膜上，然后和钢板热压复合。
在一项优选的实施方案中，采用表面带凸点的轧辊滚压高分子自润滑塑料薄膜，可以实现在不使用导电粘结涂层的情况下提高粘结强度和导电性能。
其次，本发明还提供了一种根据以上任一方法所制备得到的塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
最后，本发明还提供了一种根据以上任一方法所制备得到的塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材应用在衬套、垫片、滑板、复合轴承及其他带自润滑涂层的异形件。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法进行详细的说明，但是不能把它们理解为本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，所述方法如下：
(1)薄膜制备：带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料聚四氟乙烯、高分子量聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺和聚苯硫脒通过模压烧结并车削成膜，得到可粘接的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜，其厚度为0.25毫米；
(2)放卷预热：将钢带和步骤(1)制得的0.25毫米厚的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，穿入复合辊；
(3)挤出淋膜：将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上,其涂覆层厚度为0.03毫米；
(4)热压复合：将带粘结涂层的钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊，在260℃温度、15兆帕压力下，以1-10米/分钟线速度进行连续热压复合,实现快速粘接复合；
(5)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
按上述工艺最小产量在30平方米/小时，其将粘结剂直接用淋膜的方式进行粘接复合，能源消耗为1千瓦/平方米。
实施例2
(1)薄膜制备：带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料聚四氟乙烯、高分子量聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺和聚苯硫脒通过模压烧结并车削成膜，再对其进行表面通过萘-钠处理得到可粘接的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜，其厚度为0.35毫米；
(2)放卷预热：将通过机械打磨处理后的钢带和0.35毫米厚的 高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，穿入复合辊；
(3)挤出淋膜：将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上,其涂覆层厚度为0.04毫米；
(4)热压复合：将带粘结涂层的钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊，在300℃温度、10兆帕压力下，以1-10米/分钟线速度进行连续热压复合,实现快速粘接复合；
(5)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
按上述工艺最小产量在32平方米/小时，其将粘结剂直接用淋膜的方式进行粘接复合，能源消耗为2千瓦/平方米。
对比例1
片状热压工艺制备复合材料的方法：
(1)制粘接膜：采用流延或挤出吹膜的工艺方法制造出粘接膜；
(2)分切：将要粘接的钢板、粘接膜和表面高分子自润滑塑料薄膜分切成适合的块状；
(3)热压：将分切好钢板、粘接膜和实施例步骤(1)制备得到的表面高分子自润滑塑料薄膜按顺序放在热压机上，加压和加热后热压，然后得到块状复合板。
按上述工艺最大单台产量在0.5平方米/小时，能源消耗为6千瓦/平方米，而且其边缘废料多，相较实施例1其废料要多出10％以上。
对比例2
粘结胶膜连续热压复合工艺的方法：
(1)制粘接膜：采用流延或挤出吹膜的工艺方法制造出粘接膜；
(2)热压粘接膜：将处理好的钢带通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，穿入与钢棍辊将粘接膜通过热压的方式连续的粘接在钢板上；然后通过360℃、0.2-0.5米/分钟线速度烘箱进行融化将；
(3)自润滑塑料薄膜预热：将实施例1步骤(1)制备得到的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，穿入复合辊；
(4)热压复合：将带粘结涂层的钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜再通过热轧辊，在320-380℃温度、25-30兆帕压力进行连续热压复合；
(5)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
按上述工艺最小产量在2-3平方米/小时，虽然其也能实现连续复合，但是其能源消耗更大，能源消耗为5千瓦/平方米，在更高的温度和压力下实现复合，工艺条件更加苛刻，过程工艺稳定性差。
通过上述实施例1-2和对比例1-2的比较可以发现，将粘结剂直接用淋膜的方式进行粘接复合，然后进行热压，相较于片状热压工艺能源消耗降低83％以上，相较于粘胶膜连续热压工艺能源消耗降低80％；而且其直接淋膜工艺过程更加稳定，缺陷更少。该制造方法将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料直接淋膜到要复合的材料上，使此类材料的复合效率达到最高，复合效率是片状热压工艺的60倍以上， 是采用粘接胶膜连续热压复合工艺10倍以上。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方法，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应该视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，包括以下步骤：
    (1)放卷预热：将钢带和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过放卷放出，通过烘箱，传入复合辊；
    (2)挤出淋膜：将具有粘接性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机，采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在钢板上；
    (3)热压复合：将涂覆后的钢板和高分子自润滑塑料薄膜通过热轧辊进行连续热压复合；
    (4)收卷：将复合好的复合板通过收料机进行收卷，即得塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤，包括将带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料通过模压烧结并车削成膜，即得到可粘接的高分子自润滑塑料薄膜。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜包括聚四氟乙烯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺或聚醚醚酮中的一种或多种，其厚度为0.1毫米-0.5毫米。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述的高分子塑料包括乙烯醋酸乙烯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酰胺树脂或有机氟树脂中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述制备高分子自润滑塑料薄膜的步骤包括向带自润滑性能的高分子塑料粉料中添加改性 物质，然后通过模压烧结并车削成膜，所述的改性物质为导电物质或不导电物质，所述导电物质为石墨、碳粉、碳纤维粉或金属粉末中的一种或多种，所述不导电物质为玻璃纤维粉、钛白粉或有机高分子材料中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括对所述高分子自润滑塑料薄膜进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的方式包括萘-钠处理、等离子接枝处理或光辐射处理。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括对钢板进行表面处理的步骤，所述表面处理的步骤包括使用机械打磨、喷砂或化学腐蚀中的一种或多种对其表面进行活化，然后通过镀锌表面防腐活化处理，表面处理层的厚度为0.1毫米-2毫米。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中的涂覆在钢板上的涂覆层的厚度为0.0005毫米-0.1毫米。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材的快速粘接方法，其特征在于，将步骤(2)和(3)的步骤替换为将具有粘结性能的高分子塑料通过挤出机采用淋膜方式直接涂覆在高分子自润滑塑料薄膜上，然后和钢板热压复合。
  10. 一种根据权利要求1-9任一项的方法所制备得到的塑料-钢背复合自润滑板材。
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