WO2021022389A1 - 一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件 - Google Patents

一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件 Download PDF

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WO2021022389A1
WO2021022389A1 PCT/CN2019/098955 CN2019098955W WO2021022389A1 WO 2021022389 A1 WO2021022389 A1 WO 2021022389A1 CN 2019098955 W CN2019098955 W CN 2019098955W WO 2021022389 A1 WO2021022389 A1 WO 2021022389A1
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Prior art keywords
polyester resin
acid
acid value
terminated polyester
carboxyl
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PCT/CN2019/098955
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马志平
李勇
谢静
刘亮
顾宇昕
张捷
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擎天材料科技有限公司
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Application filed by 擎天材料科技有限公司 filed Critical 擎天材料科技有限公司
Priority to EP19940913.7A priority Critical patent/EP3835379A4/en
Priority to CN201980044765.6A priority patent/CN112566990B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/098955 priority patent/WO2021022389A1/zh
Publication of WO2021022389A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021022389A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
    • C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
    • C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
    • C08G63/199—Acids or hydroxy compounds containing cycloaliphatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/20—Polyesters having been prepared in the presence of compounds having one reactive group or more than two reactive groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78—Preparation processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78—Preparation processes
    • C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
    • C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/03—Powdery paints
    • C09D5/032—Powdery paints characterised by a special effect of the produced film, e.g. wrinkle, pearlescence, matt finish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of polyester resin synthesis, in particular to a polyester resin composition, powder coating and workpieces.
  • Powder coating is a solid powder coating composed of solid resin and pigments, fillers and additives. It is solvent-free and zero VOC, recyclable, easy to spray (up to 30-500 microns thickness in one coating), excellent comprehensive performance, Low cost and other advantages, so it is widely used in household appliances, mechanical equipment, anti-corrosion pipelines and building materials and other fields.
  • conventional thermosetting powder coatings have higher curing temperature (180°C ⁇ 200°C), longer curing time (10-30min), and the curing process requires more energy.
  • conventional powder coatings need to be cured at a higher temperature, they can only be used on heat-resistant metal substrates, and are not suitable for heat-sensitive substrates such as wood, paper, and plastic. With the requirements of society for energy conservation and emission reduction and the expansion of powder coating application fields, the curing conditions of traditional powder coatings are no longer suitable for new development requirements. Low-temperature curing powder coatings have become the current development trend of the powder coating industry.
  • the coating of powder coating can be divided into high gloss, semi gloss, low gloss and matte according to the gloss.
  • noble and luxurious decoration requires high gloss, while quiet, comfortable and elegant environment requires lower gloss.
  • high-gloss coating will cause serious light pollution and damage the eyes.
  • consumers' aesthetic concepts are also changing, and they are more inclined to a leisure and comfortable living environment. Therefore, matte powder coatings that can produce soft surface effects are more and more widely used.
  • the commonly used powder coating matting methods mainly include the following: (1) Filler filling method, which is generally suitable for preparing powder coatings with gloss greater than 40%; (2) Surface precipitation method of incompatible substances, usually by adding wax Substances precipitate on the surface to destroy the smoothness of the coating surface to achieve a matting effect, but the wax substances that migrate to the coating surface are easily washed out and aging during outdoor use of the coating, so the gloss of the resulting coating often varies with the use time Extend and change greatly; (3) Matting agent matting method, which realizes matting by adding a matting agent.
  • the matting gloss can be selected from matt to medium gloss.
  • the gloss is prepared It is more appropriate to use this method for powder coatings with a content of less than 20%; (4) Dry blending extinction method, which uses different polyesters with large differences in reactivity. The difference in reactivity during the curing process results in microscopic appearance of the coating surface. The matting effect can be realized by the rough surface on the upper surface, and 20-40% gloss can be obtained by using this method without adding a matting auxiliary agent.
  • the US patent application US5907006A discloses a matting powder coating composition, which is composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting resins such as PA, PP, polyester resin, epoxy resin and a certain amount of matting agent (the main component is terephthaloyl two Aniline and its derivatives) composition;
  • US patent application US5436311A discloses a polyester resin and epoxy group acrylic resin composition and the matting powder coating containing the composition, the powder composition can be sprayed with an electric spray gun, and Can be cured at a temperature of 160 ⁇ 210 °C;
  • US Patent US6660398B1 discloses a thermosetting powder coating composition, which contains a carboxyl-containing amorphous polyester resin, a semi-crystalline polyester resin and a crosslinking curing agent that reacts with the carboxyl group After curing, a semi-gloss and low-gloss coating with a gloss of less than 50% (60°) can be obtained.
  • the coating has good weather resistance and good mechanical properties;
  • US Patent US9873817B2 discloses a branched carboxylic acid polymer Ester and its use in preparing powder coating composition.
  • the composition has low gloss when combined with standard powder coating polyester and cross-linking agent. A coating with gloss less than 35% can be obtained. Its curing temperature is 160°C. -250°C, preferably 200°C;
  • US patent application US5264529A discloses a group of high and low acid value polyesters for the preparation of matting powder coatings, which can be cured by TGIC to obtain coatings ranging from semi-gloss to matt;
  • US patent application US5491202A A method for preparing a three-component dry-mixed matting powder coating is disclosed.
  • the curing temperature is 200°C*10min or 180°C*20min;
  • US patent application US5741602A discloses a weather-resistant two-component polyester and its powder coating composition
  • the preparation method of the powder coating composition uses ⁇ -hydroxyalkylamide as the curing agent, and the gloss of the coating cured at 200°C is less than 40% (60°).
  • Chinese patent application CN106045711A discloses a method for preparing a polyester composition for dry-blending matt thermal transfer powder coatings.
  • the composition is suitable for TGIC curing with a curing temperature of 200°C;
  • Chinese patent application CN109517149A discloses a water-resistant Solve the formula of polyester resin for dry blending powder coatings.
  • the surface of the prepared coating is still intact and has no obvious loss of gloss after being soaked in boiling water. Its low acid component has an acid value of 3-27mgKOH/g, which is not suitable for low-temperature curing occasions.
  • Chinese patent application CN101445591A discloses a preparation method of environmentally friendly dry-blended low-gloss powder coating with high and low acid value polyester resin, suitable for HAA system, curing temperature is 180 °C;
  • Chinese patent CN103131308B discloses a super weather resistant dry blend Preparation method of high and low acid value two-component carboxyl-terminated polyester resin composition for matting powder coatings.
  • the polyester composition is suitable for TGIC and HAA systems at the same time, and has excellent weather resistance and matting.
  • the composition is suitable for processing above 180°C Curing;
  • Chinese patent CN106243937B discloses a dry-mixed matting powder coating with good low-temperature curing performance and its preparation method.
  • the use of high and low acid value polyester resins to prepare matting powder coatings is a relatively economical and simple method to obtain matting coatings, and low-temperature curing is also the future development trend of powder coatings.
  • the current low-temperature curing of the existing dry-blended matting powder coatings generally has certain problems: (1) In order to ensure the weather resistance of the coating under low-temperature curing, the weather resistance of the resin is generally improved by high isophthalic acid (IPA) content.
  • IPA isophthalic acid
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin is generally low, which will cause the preparation
  • the powder coating is prone to agglomeration on storage.
  • the inventor of the present application has conducted a lot of research and experiments and found that by introducing a similar ortho-hydroxybenzophenone structure into the polyester resin structure, while using hydrogenated dimer acid to shield easily hydrolyzed ester bonds, the coating machinery can be protected without sacrificing In the case of performance, the weather resistance of the matting powder coating when cured at low temperature is improved; in addition, the hydrogenated bisphenol A is polymerized into the polyester main chain through a specific synthesis process to compensate for the polyester glass transition temperature caused by the introduction of hydrogenated dimer acid Decrease in the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin without sacrificing the mechanical properties of the coating, which is beneficial to improve the storage stability of the matting powder coating.
  • the present invention provides a polyester resin composition, powder coating and workpiece.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a polyester resin composition comprising a high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin and a low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin;
  • the high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin has an acid value of 75-90 mgKOH/g, a melt viscosity of 2000-6000 mPa ⁇ s at 200°C, and a glass transition temperature of 55-62°C; made from raw materials including the following mass fractions :26% ⁇ 46% polyol, 0.2% ⁇ 6% branching agent, 45% ⁇ 70% polyacid, 0.1% ⁇ 3% partially carboxylated benzophenone compound, 5% ⁇ 18% acidolytic agent, 0.05% ⁇ 0.25% esterification catalyst, 0.06% ⁇ 0.3% heat stabilizer, 0.2% ⁇ 1.2% antioxidant;
  • the low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin has an acid value of 30-37 mgKOH/g, a melt viscosity of 2000-7000 mPa ⁇ s at 200°C, and a glass transition temperature of 51-60°C; it is made of raw materials including the following mass fractions :34% ⁇ 57% polyol, 0.1% ⁇ 2% branching agent, 43% ⁇ 65% polyacid, 0.1% ⁇ 3% partially carboxylated benzophenone compound, 2% ⁇ 10% acidolytic agent, 0.05% ⁇ 0.25% esterification catalyst, 0.06% ⁇ 0.3% heat stabilizer, 0.2% ⁇ 1.2% antioxidant.
  • the polybasic acid includes hydrogenated dimer acid; the hydrogenated dimer acid can specifically be CRODA's Pripol 1006, Pripol 1009 or Pripol 1025, preferably CRODA's Pripol 1009.
  • the polyol preferably contains hydrogenated bisphenol A, and the content of hydrogenated bisphenol A is generally 3.5 wt% to 30 wt% of the polyol.
  • the partially carboxylated benzophenone compound is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: Under the protection of protective gas, add 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, and a mixed solvent of N,N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran into the reaction kettle, and keep the reaction temperature at 20 ⁇ Slowly add sodium hydride at 25°C, and when there is no bubbles, add pyromellitic anhydride solution in tetrahydrofuran, react at 20-25°C for 3-8h, adjust the pH to 4-5, and then extract and wash with water , Made by drying.
  • the protective gas generally uses nitrogen or inert gas, and the inert gas includes helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon; the protective gas preferably uses nitrogen.
  • the molar ratio of 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, pyromellitic anhydride and sodium hydride is 1:2:2.
  • the polybasic acid is selected from at least one of isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, adipic acid, and succinic acid , And the content of isophthalic acid is not less than 15 mol% of the polybasic acid;
  • the polybasic acid is at least selected from isophthalic acid, hydrogenated dimer acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, adipic acid, and succinic acid Two, and the content of isophthalic acid is not less than 10 mol% of the polybasic acid, and the content of the hydrogenated dimer acid is not less than 6 wt% of the polybasic acid.
  • the polyol is selected from neopentyl glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3 -At least one of propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and the content of neopentyl glycol is not less than 65 mol% of the polyol;
  • the polyol is selected from neopentyl glycol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1 ,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and the content of neopentyl glycol is not less than 69 mol% of the polyol, and the content of hydrogenated bisphenol A accounts for the polyol 3.5wt% ⁇ 30wt%.
  • the branching agent is selected from at least one of trimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol; the low-acid carboxyl end In the raw material of the polyester resin, the branching agent is selected from at least one of trimethylolpropane and trimethylolpropane.
  • the acidolytic agent is selected from at least one of isophthalic acid, trimellitic anhydride, and pyromellitic anhydride, and the content of pyromellitic anhydride is Not less than 20 mol% of the acidolytic agent; in the raw material of the low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin, the acidolytic agent is at least one of isophthalic acid, trimellitic anhydride, and pyromellitic anhydride, and all The content of pyromellitic anhydride is not less than 7 mol% of the acid disintegrant.
  • the esterification catalyst is selected from monobutyl tin oxide, monobutyl tin triisooctoate, and oxalic acid At least one of stannous; the heat stabilizer is selected from triphenyl phosphite; the antioxidant is selected from at least one of hindered phenol antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.
  • the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of tetrakis[ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester (1010), tetrakis (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl- At least one of 4,4'-biphenyl)bisphosphonite (P-EPQ).
  • the high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: adding polyol, branching agent, heat stabilizer and esterification catalyst into the reaction vessel, and heating under the protection of protective gas To 160 ⁇ 180°C, add polybasic acid, pass in protective gas and continue to increase the temperature reaction, gradually increase the temperature to 245 ⁇ 250°C, and react until the material is clear and the acid value is 10 ⁇ 20mgKOH/g; then, the temperature is lowered to 235 ⁇ 240°C and added Acid hydrolyzing agent and partially carboxylated benzophenone compounds, react until the acid value of the material reaches 90-100mgKOH/g, vacuum polycondensation reaction until the acid value is 75-90mgKOH/g, 200°C melt viscosity is 2000-6000mPa ⁇ s, stop vacuuming, add antioxidant, stir and disperse evenly, then discharge.
  • the protective gas generally uses nitrogen or inert gas, and the inert gas includes helium
  • the low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps: adding polyol, branching agent, heat stabilizer and esterification catalyst into the reaction vessel, and heating under the protection of protective gas When the temperature reaches 160 ⁇ 180°C, add polybasic acid and pass in protective gas to continue heating up the reaction.
  • the protective gas generally uses nitrogen or inert gas, and the inert gas includes helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon; preferably, nitrogen is used.
  • the polybasic acid comprises isophthalic acid and hydrogenated dimer acid
  • the polyol comprises neopentyl glycol and hydrogenated bisphenol A
  • the low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin is prepared by a preparation method including the following steps: adding polyols other than hydrogenated bisphenol A, branching agents, heat stabilizers and esterification catalysts in the polyols into the reaction vessel , Heat to 160 ⁇ 180°C under the protection of protective gas, add polybasic acid, pass in protective gas to continue heating reaction, gradually increase to 245 ⁇ 250°C, and react until the material is clear and the acid value is 9 ⁇ 20mgKOH/g; add Hydrogenated bisphenol A, keep warm at 245 ⁇ 250°C and react until the material is clear and the acid value is 5 ⁇ 15mgKOH/g; reduce the temperature to 235 ⁇ 240°C, add acid hydrolyzer and part of carboxylated benzophenone compound to react to the acid Value reaches 42 ⁇ 48mgKOH/g, vacuum polycondensation reaction to acid value 30 ⁇ 37mgKOH/g, 200°C melt viscosity is 2000 ⁇ 7000mPa ⁇ s, stop vacuuming, add antioxidant,
  • the above polymerization of hydrogenated bisphenol A into the main chain of the polyester resin through a specific synthesis process can increase the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin without sacrificing the mechanical properties of the coating, which is beneficial to improve the storage stability of the matting powder coating; At the same time, the impact resistance of the coating can be improved.
  • the above polyester resin composition can be used to prepare powder coatings, such as dry-blended matting powder coatings. Therefore, the present invention also provides a powder coating comprising any of the above polyester resin compositions.
  • the powder coating is composed of powder coating I and powder coating II in a mass ratio of (0.5-2):1, and the curing temperature is The temperature is 140 ⁇ 160°C, and the curing time is 10 ⁇ 30min; the raw material components of the powder coating I include high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin, curing agent, pigments and fillers and auxiliary agents, and the raw material components of the powder coating II include Low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin, curing agent, pigment, filler and auxiliary agent.
  • the powder coating may specifically be a dry-blended matting powder coating.
  • the curing agent in the raw material components of the powder coating I and the powder coating II, includes a compound having at least two ⁇ -hydroxyalkylamide groups.
  • the preparation method of the above powder coating includes the following steps: the synthesized high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin and low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin are respectively weighed and mixed with equivalent ratios of curing agents, pigments, fillers, additives, etc. , Melt extrusion, cooling, crushing, crushing and sieving to make powder coating I and powder coating II; then powder coating I and powder coating II are mixed according to a mass ratio of (0.5-2):1 to obtain a finished powder coating.
  • the above powder coatings can be applied to the surface of the workpiece to form a protective coating. Therefore, the present invention also provides a workpiece, the surface of which is attached with a coating formed by the above powder coating.
  • the present invention provides a polyester resin composition, a powder coating and a workpiece.
  • the polyester resin composition can introduce a partially carboxylated benzophenone compound into the structure of the polyester resin. Improve the light aging performance of polyester resin.
  • the polyester resin composition is suitable for dry-blended matting powder coatings. It can be cured at a temperature of 140°C to 160°C. Semi-gloss or low-gloss coatings can be obtained by dry-blending matting.
  • the cured coating has excellent mechanical properties and weather resistance; that is, the polyester resin composition can improve the weather resistance of matting powder coatings during low-temperature curing without sacrificing the coating mechanical properties, and the powder coatings have good Storage stability.
  • Table 1 shows the examples and comparative examples of the high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin in the present invention (the units of the following raw materials are all g), wherein examples a to e are the embodiments provided by the present invention, and comparative examples f to h are Comparative Example:
  • the raw materials of Examples a to e were partially carboxylated benzophenone compounds prepared above.
  • Acid value is tested according to GB/T 6743-2008; viscosity is tested according to GB/T9751.1-2008; glass transition temperature is tested according to GB/T 19466.2-2004.
  • Table 2 shows the examples and comparative examples of the low acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin of the present invention (the units of the following components are all g), wherein examples i to m are embodiments provided by the present invention, and comparative examples n to p is a comparative example; the partially carboxylated benzophenone compounds prepared above are used in the raw materials of Examples i to m.
  • powder coating IIa uses the high acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin a synthesized in Table 1
  • powder coating IIb uses high-acid value carboxyl-terminated polyester resin b
  • powder coating IIi uses the low acid value synthesized in Table 2
  • the carboxyl polyester resin i is similar to this.
  • the powder coating I and powder coating II are mixed according to the mass ratio of (0.5 ⁇ 2):1 by dry mixing to make dry mixed matting powder paint, and then sprayed on the iron plate at a temperature of 140°C ⁇ 160°C Cured to obtain a matte coating.
  • Table 4 shows the specific experimental results.
  • the mixing ratio of powder coating I and powder coating II is 1:1. It should be noted that the selection of polyester resin and the ratio of the two powder coatings in Table 4 are for reference. It is not a limitation of the present invention.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件，该聚酯树脂组合物包括高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂；高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～6000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为55～62℃；低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为51～60℃，高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中包含部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物。该聚酯树脂组合物适用于干混消光型粉末涂料，其可在不牺牲涂层机械性能的情况下提高消光粉末涂料低温固化时的耐候性能，粉末涂料具有良好的储存稳定性。

Description

一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件 技术领域
本发明涉及聚酯树脂合成技术领域，具体涉及一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件。
背景技术
粉末涂料是以固体树脂和颜料、填料及助剂等组成的固体粉末状涂料，具有无溶剂零VOC、可回收利用、易喷涂(一次涂装可达30～500微米厚度)、综合性能优良、成本低等优点，因此被广泛应用于家用电器、机械设备、防腐管道和建筑材料等领域。尽管粉末涂料的优点突出，但相对液体涂料而言，常规热固性粉末涂料固化温度较高(180℃～200℃)，固化时间较长(10～30min)，固化过程需要消耗较多的能量。另外，由于常规粉末涂料需要较高温度固化，因此限制了其只能用于耐热的金属底材上，不适用于木质、纸质、塑料等热敏型底材。随着社会节能减排要求的提出和粉末涂料应用领域的拓展，传统粉末涂料的固化条件已不适应新的发展要求，低温固化粉末涂料成为目前粉末涂装行业发展的趋势。
粉末涂料的涂层根据光泽可以分为高光、半光、低光及无光。一般来说，高贵、奢华的装饰要求高度光泽，而安静、舒适、优雅的环境则要求涂装较低的光泽。然而高光泽的涂装会产生严重的光污染，对眼睛造成伤害，另外，消费者的审美观念也在发生变化，更倾向于休闲、舒适的生活环境。因此，能制造柔和表面效果的消光粉末涂料得到越来越广泛的应用。
目前，常用的粉末涂料消光方法主要有以下几种：(1)填料充填法，该方法一般适合制备光泽大于40％的粉末涂料；(2)不相容物质表面析出法，通常通过加入蜡类物质并在表面析出从而破坏涂层表面平整度达到消光效果，但迁移到涂层表面的蜡类物质在涂层户外使用过程中容易被冲刷、老化，因此得到的涂层光泽度常会随使用时间延长而变化较大；(3)消光剂消光法，该方法通过加入消光剂的方式实现消光，消光光泽可实现从无光到中光大范围的选择，由于消光剂价格一般较为昂贵，因此制备光泽低于20％的粉末涂料使用该方法更为合适；(4)干混消光法，该方法利用反应活性差异较大的不同聚酯，在固化过程中反应活性的差异，造成涂层表面产生微观上的粗糙表面从而实现消光效果，使用该方法无需添加消光助剂即可获得20～40％的光泽。
美国专利申请US5907006A公开了一种消光粉末涂料组合物，该组合物由热塑性或热固性树脂如PA、PP、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂和一定量的消光剂(主要成分是对苯二甲酰二苯胺及其衍生物)组成；美国专利申请US5436311A公开了一种聚酯树脂和带环氧基团丙烯酸树脂 组合物及包含该组合物的消光粉末涂料，该粉末组合物可使用电喷枪喷涂，并可在160～210℃温度下固化；美国专利US6660398B1公开了一种热固性粉末涂料组合物，其包含了含羧基的无定型聚酯树脂、半结晶聚酯树脂和与羧基反应的交联固化剂的混合物，固化后可获得光泽低于50％(60°)的半光和低光涂层，涂层具有较好的耐候性和良好的机械性能；美国专利US9873817B2公开了一种支链羧酸聚酯及其在制备粉末涂料组合物中的用途，该组合物在与标准粉末涂料聚酯和交联剂联用时具有低光泽度，可以获得光泽小于35％的涂层，其固化温度为160℃-250℃，优选为200℃；美国专利申请US5264529A公开了一组用于制备消光粉末涂料的高低酸值聚酯，使用TGIC进行固化可以获得从半光到无光的涂层；美国专利申请US5491202A公开了一种三组分干混消光粉末涂料的制备方法，固化温度为200℃*10min或180℃*20min；美国专利申请US5741602A公开了一种耐候型双组分聚酯及其粉末涂料组合物的制备方法，该粉末涂料组合物使用β-羟烷基酰胺作为固化剂，涂料在200℃固化的涂层光泽小于40％(60°)。
中国专利申请CN106045711A公开了一种干混消光型的热转印粉末涂料用聚酯组合物的制备方法，该组合物适用于TGIC固化，固化温度为200℃；中国专利申请CN109517149A公开了一种耐水解干混粉末涂料用聚酯树脂的配方，制备的涂层经沸水浸泡后表面仍完好且无明显失光现象，其低酸组分酸值为3-27mgKOH/g，不适用于低温固化场合；中国专利申请CN101445591A公开了一种环保型干混低光粉末涂料用高低酸值聚酯树脂的制备方法，适用于HAA体系，固化温度为180℃；中国专利CN103131308B公开了一种超耐候干混消光粉末涂料用高低酸值双组分端羧基聚酯树脂组合物的制备方法，该聚酯组合物同时适合用于TGIC和HAA体系，耐候性能和消光优异，该组合物适用于180℃以上进行固化；中国专利CN106243937B公开了一种具有良好低温固化性能的干混消光型粉末涂料及其制备方法，其使用了端羟基全氟聚醚进行合成，通过提高高酸组分聚酯酸值至65-75mg/KOH，并在低酸组分中加入均苯四酸酐作为酸解剂提高端羧基活性，可实现140-160℃低温固化同时实现20-40％的消光效果；中国专利申请CN107936788A公开了一种用于热转印的干混消光聚酯树脂组合物的制备方法，其固化温度最低可至160℃。
以上粉末涂料消光方法中，使用高低酸值聚酯树脂干混制备消光粉末涂料是较为经济简便的获得消光涂层的方法，而低温固化也是粉末涂料未来发展的趋势。但目前现有的干混消光粉末涂料的低温固化普遍存在一定问题：(1)为保证涂层在低温固化下的耐候性能，一般通过高间苯二甲酸(IPA)含量来提高树脂耐候性能，但这会造成树脂机械性能变差的问题；(2)为了保证涂层低温固化下的流平外观和机械性能，聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)一般较低，这又会造成制备的粉末涂料储存上容易发生结团现象。
本申请发明人经大量研究和试验，发现通过在聚酯树脂结构中引入类似邻羟基二苯甲酮结构，同时使用氢化二聚酸对易水解的酯键进行屏蔽，可以在不牺牲涂层机械性能的情况下提高消光粉末涂料在低温固化时的耐候性能；此外，通过特定的合成工艺把氢化双酚A聚合到聚酯主链中，弥补了引入氢化二聚酸造成的聚酯玻璃化温度的下降，提高聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度而不牺牲涂层的机械性能，这有利于提高消光粉末涂料的储存稳定性。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种聚酯树脂组合物，包括高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂；
所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～6000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为55～62℃；由包括以下质量分数的原料制成：26％～46％多元醇、0.2％～6％支化剂、45％～70％多元酸、0.1％～3％部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物、5％～18％酸解剂、0.05％～0.25％酯化催化剂、0.06％～0.3％热稳定剂、0.2％～1.2％抗氧剂；
所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为51～60℃；由包括以下质量分数的原料制成：34％～57％多元醇、0.1％～2％支化剂、43％～65％多元酸、0.1％～3％部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物、2％～10％酸解剂、0.05％～0.25％酯化催化剂、0.06％～0.3％热稳定剂、0.2％～1.2％抗氧剂。
优选地，低酸值端羟基聚酯树脂的原料中，多元酸包括氢化二聚酸；氢化二聚酸具体可选用CRODA的Pripol 1006、Pripol 1009或Pripol 1025，优选CRODA的Pripol 1009。若低酸值端羟基聚酯树脂的原料中多元酸包含氢化二聚酸，则多元醇中优选包含氢化双酚A，氢化双酚A的含量一般为多元醇的3.5wt％～30wt％。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在保护气体的保护下，向反应釜中加入2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮，以及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和四氢呋喃的混合溶剂，保持反应温度为20～25℃，缓慢加入氢化钠，反应至无气泡产生时，加入均苯四甲酸酐的四氢呋喃溶液，在20～25℃下反应3～8h，将pH值调节至4～5，再经萃取、水洗、烘干制得。其中，保护气体一般采用氮气或惰性气体，惰性气体包括氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气、氡气；保护气体优选采用氮气。
优选地，2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、均苯四甲酸酐和氢化钠的摩尔比为1：2：2。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸选自间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲 酸、邻苯二甲酸、己二酸、丁二酸中的至少一种，且间苯二甲酸的含量不低于多元酸的15mol％；
所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸选自间苯二甲酸、氢化二聚酸、对苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、己二酸、丁二酸中的至少两种，且间苯二甲酸的含量不低于多元酸的10mol％，氢化二聚酸的含量不低于多元酸的6wt％。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元醇选自新戊二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、二甘醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇中的至少一种，且新戊二醇的含量不低于多元醇的65mol％；
所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元醇选自新戊二醇、氢化双酚A、乙二醇、丁二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、二甘醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇中的至少两种，且新戊二醇的含量不低于多元醇的69mol％，氢化双酚A的含量占多元醇的3.5wt％～30wt％。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述支化剂选自三羟甲基丙烷、三羟乙基丙烷、季戊四醇中的至少一种；所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述支化剂选自三羟甲基丙烷、三羟乙基丙烷中的至少一种。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酸解剂选自间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸酐、均苯四甲酸酐中的至少一种，且均苯四甲酸酐的含量不低于酸解剂的20mol％；所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酸解剂为间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸酐、均苯四甲酸酐中的至少一种，且均苯四甲酸酐的含量不低于酸解剂的7mol％。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酯化催化剂选自单丁基氧化锡、单丁基三异辛酸锡、草酸亚锡中的至少一种；所述热稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯；所述抗氧剂选自受阻酚类抗氧剂、亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂中的至少一种。进一步优选地，抗氧化剂选自四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯(1010)、四(2、4-二叔丁基苯基-4，4’-联苯基)双亚膦酸酯(P-EPQ)中的至少一种。
优选地，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃，反应至物料澄清，且酸值为10～20mgKOH/g；而后降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物，反应至物料的酸值达90～100mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～6000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。其中，保护气体一般采用氮气或惰性气体，惰性气体包括氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气、氡气；保护气体优选采用氮气。
优选地，所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加 入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃，反应至物料澄清，且酸值为9～20mgKOH/g；降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物反应至物料的酸值达42～48mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。类似地，保护气体一般采用氮气或惰性气体，惰性气体包括氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气、氡气；优选采用氮气。
进一步优选地，所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸包含间苯二甲酸和氢化二聚酸；所述多元醇包含新戊二醇和氢化双酚A；
所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加入多元醇中除氢化双酚A以外的其他多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃，反应至物料澄清，且酸值为9～20mgKOH/g；加入氢化双酚A，245～250℃保温反应至物料澄清且酸值为5～15mgKOH/g；降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物反应至物料的酸值达42～48mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。以上通过特定的合成工艺把氢化双酚A聚合到聚酯树脂主链中，可提高聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度而不牺牲涂层的机械性能，有利于提高消光粉末涂料的储存稳定性；同时可提高涂层的抗冲击性。
以上聚酯树脂组合物可应用于制备粉末涂料，如干混消光型粉末涂料。因此，本发明还提供了一种粉末涂料，包含以上任一种聚酯树脂组合物，所述粉末涂料由粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ按质量比为(0.5～2)：1组成，固化温度为140～160℃，固化时间10～30min；所述粉末涂料Ⅰ的原料组分包括高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂、固化剂、颜填料和助剂，所述粉末涂料Ⅱ的原料组分包括低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂、固化剂、颜填料和助剂。该粉末涂料具体可为干混消光型粉末涂料。
优选地，所述粉末涂料Ⅰ和所述粉末涂料Ⅱ的原料组分中，所述固化剂包括具有至少2个β-羟烷基酰胺基团的化合物。
以上粉末涂料的制备方法包括以下步骤：将合成的高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂分别与当量比的固化剂及颜填料、助剂等按比例称好后混合，熔融挤出、冷却破碎、粉碎过筛制成粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ；再将粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ按照质量比为(0.5～2)：1混合，得到成品粉末涂料。
另外，以上粉末涂料可用于涂覆于工件表面以形成保护涂层。因此，本发明还提供了一种工件，所述工件的表面附着有以上粉末涂料形成的涂层。
本发明的有益技术效果是：本发明提供一种聚酯树脂组合物、粉末涂料及工件，该聚酯树脂组合物通过在聚酯树脂的结构中引入部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物，可改善聚酯树脂的光老化性能，该聚酯树脂组合物适用于干混消光型粉末涂料，可实现在140℃～160℃温度下固化，通过干混消光能够获得半光或低光涂层，固化后的涂层机械性能和耐候性能优良；也就是，该聚酯树脂组合物可在不牺牲涂层机械性能的情况下提高消光粉末涂料的低温固化时的耐候性能，同时粉末涂料具有良好的储存稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
制备部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物：
按照2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、均苯四甲酸酐和氢化钠的摩尔比为1：2：2进行取料；在氮气保护下，反应釜中先加入2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮，再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和四氢呋喃的混合溶剂(体积比为2:1)，保持反应温度为20℃，缓慢加入氢化钠，反应至无气泡产生时，滴加均苯四甲酸酐的四氢呋喃溶液，滴完后在20℃下反应5h，然后缓慢滴加5％的稀硫酸，调节PH值至4～5，使用氯仿和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液(体积比1：1)萃取，最后用蒸馏水水洗3遍后，把萃取液在80℃下烘干得到部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物。
表1为本发明中高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的实施例与对比例(下述原料的单位均为g)，其中实施例a～e为本发明提供的实施方案，对比例f～h为对比例；实施例a～e的原料中采用以上所制得的部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物。
表1高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料配比与特性参数
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000002
注：酸值根据GB/T 6743-2008进行测试；粘度根据GB/T9751.1-2008进行测试；玻璃化转变温度根据GB/T 19466.2-2004进行测试。
以上实施例a～e的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表1的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清，取样测试酸值为10～20mgKOH/g时达标，得酯化产物；
2)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中同时加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达90～100mgKOH/g，得酸解产物；
3)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～6000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
以上对比例f、g的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表1的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏 出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清，取样测试酸值为10～20mgKOH/g时达标，得酯化产物；
2)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中加入酸解剂，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达到90～100mgKOH/g，得酸解产物；
3)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～6000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
以上对比例h的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表1的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清，取样测试酸值为10～20mgKOH/g时达标，得酯化产物；
2)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中加入酸解剂，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达到60～70mgKOH/g得，酸解产物；
3)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到48～56mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～6000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
表2为本发明中低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的实施例与对比例(下述组分的单位均为g)，其中实施例i～m为本发明提供的实施方案，对比例n～p为对比例；实施例i～m的原料中采用以上所制得的部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物。
表2低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料配比与特性参数
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000004
以上实施例i～m的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表2的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清后，取样测试酸值为9～20mgKOH/g时达标；
2)加入配比量的氢化双酚A，在245℃下保温2～4h至物料澄清后，取样测试酸值为5～15mgKOH/g，得到酯化产物；
3)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中同时加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达到42～48mgKOH/g，得酸解产物；
4)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～7000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
对比例n的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表2的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、氢化双酚A、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清后，取样测试酸值为5～15 mgKOH/g时达标；
2)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中加入酸解剂，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达到42～48mgKOH/g，得酸解产物；
3)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～7000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
对比例o、p的制备方法具体步骤为：
1)在反应容器中按照表2的原料配比加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在氮气保护下加热至170℃，加入多元酸，通氮气继续升温反应，至180℃酯化水开始生成并馏出，逐渐升温至245℃，反应2～5h至物料澄清后，取样测试酸值为5～15mgKOH/g时达标；
2)降温至240℃，在上述酯化产物中加入酸解剂，酸解反应2～5h，酸值达到42～48mgKOH/g，得酸解产物；
3)将上述酸解产物在真空度为-0.095MPa的条件下缩聚1～3h，酸值达到30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度达到2000～7000mPa·s，即停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料得到聚酯树脂。
选取表1中合成的高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和表2中合成的低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂，根据表3的粉末涂料配方将合成的聚酯树脂分别与固化剂、颜填料、助剂等按比例称好后混匀，熔融挤出、冷却破碎、粉碎过筛制成粉末涂料。表3中粉末涂料Ⅰa～Ⅰh分别对应采用表1中合成的高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂a～h，粉末涂料Ⅱi～Ⅱp分别对应采用表2中合成的低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂i～p；例如：粉末涂料Ⅱa采用表1合成的高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂a，粉末涂料Ⅱb采用高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂b，粉末涂料Ⅱi采用表2中合成的低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂i，类似于此。
表3粉末涂料配方
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000006
将粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ按照质量比为(0.5～2)：1通过干混的方式进行混合，制成干混消光粉末涂料，然后喷涂在铁板上，在140℃～160℃温度下固化得到消光涂层。表4为具体的实验结果，粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ的混合比例为1:1，需要说明的是表4中对聚酯树脂的选取以及两种粉末涂料的比例选择是作为一种参考而非对本发明的限定。
表4不同实施例与对比例所得涂层性能对比
Figure PCTCN2019098955-appb-000007
备注：粉末成团程度等级越高，成团倾向越严重。
由表4实验结果可知：相比于对比例1～3的粉末涂料，本发明实施例1～5的粉末涂料在140～160℃温度下固化可以获得较低的消光光泽、良好的耐冲击性能和抗老化性能，粉末涂料储存稳定性也更为优异。
尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本发明，但所属领域的技术人员应该明白，在不脱离所述权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神和范围内，在形式上和细节上可以对本发明做出各种变化，均为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，包括高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂；
    所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～6000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为55～62℃；由包括以下质量分数的原料制成：26％～46％多元醇、0.2％～6％支化剂、45％～70％多元酸、0.1％～3％部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物、5％～18％酸解剂、0.05％～0.25％酯化催化剂、0.06％～0.3％热稳定剂、0.2％～1.2％抗氧剂；
    所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，玻璃化转变温度为51～60℃；由包括以下质量分数的原料制成：34％～57％多元醇、0.1％～2％支化剂、43％～65％多元酸、0.1％～3％部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物、2％～10％酸解剂、0.05％～0.25％酯化催化剂、0.06％～0.3％热稳定剂、0.2％～1.2％抗氧剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在保护气体的保护下，向反应釜中加入2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮，以及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和四氢呋喃的混合溶剂，保持反应温度为20～25℃，缓慢加入氢化钠，反应至无气泡产生时，加入均苯四甲酸酐的四氢呋喃溶液，在20～25℃下反应3～8h，将pH值调节至4～5，再经萃取、水洗、烘干制得。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、均苯四甲酸酐和氢化钠的摩尔比为1：2：2。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸选自间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、己二酸、丁二酸中的至少一种，且间苯二甲酸的含量不低于多元酸的15mol％；
    所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸选自间苯二甲酸、氢化二聚酸、对苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、己二酸、丁二酸中的至少两种，且间苯二甲酸的含量不低于多元酸的10mol％，氢化二聚酸的含量不低于多元酸的6wt％。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元醇选自新戊二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、二甘醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇中的至少一种，且新戊二醇的含量不低于多元醇的65mol％；
    所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元醇选自新戊二醇、氢化双酚A、乙二醇、丁二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、二甘醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇中的至少两种，且新戊二醇的含量不低于多元醇的69mol％，氢化双酚A的含量占多元醇的3.5wt％～30wt％。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原 料中，所述支化剂选自三羟甲基丙烷、三羟乙基丙烷、季戊四醇中的至少一种；
    所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述支化剂选自三羟甲基丙烷、三羟乙基丙烷中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酸解剂选自间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸酐、均苯四甲酸酐中的至少一种，且均苯四甲酸酐的含量不低于酸解剂的20mol％；
    所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酸解剂为间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸酐、均苯四甲酸酐中的至少一种，且均苯四甲酸酐的含量不低于酸解剂的7mol％。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂和所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述酯化催化剂选自单丁基氧化锡、单丁基三异辛酸锡、草酸亚锡中的至少一种；所述热稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯；所述抗氧剂选自受阻酚类抗氧剂、亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂中的至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃，反应至物料澄清，且酸值为10～20mgKOH/g；而后降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物，反应至物料的酸值达90～100mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为75～90mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～6000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加入多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃，反应至物料澄清，且酸值为9～20mgKOH/g；降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物反应至物料的酸值达42～48mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的聚酯树脂组合物，其特征在于，所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂的原料中，所述多元酸包含间苯二甲酸和氢化二聚酸；所述多元醇包含新戊二醇和氢化双酚A；所述低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂由包括以下步骤的制备方法制得：在反应容器中加入多元醇中除氢化双酚A以外的其他多元醇、支化剂、热稳定剂和酯化催化剂，在保护气体的保护下加热至160～180℃，加入多元酸，通入保护气体继续升温反应，逐渐升温至245～250℃， 反应至物料澄清，且酸值为9～20mgKOH/g；加入氢化双酚A，245～250℃保温反应至物料澄清且酸值为5～15mgKOH/g；降温至235～240℃，加入酸解剂和部分羧基化二苯甲酮类化合物反应至物料的酸值达42～48mgKOH/g，抽真空缩聚反应至酸值为30～37mgKOH/g，200℃熔融粘度为2000～7000mPa·s，停止抽真空，加入抗氧剂搅拌分散均匀后出料。
  12. 一种粉末涂料，其特征在于，包含权利要求1-11任一项所述的聚酯树脂组合物；所述粉末涂料由粉末涂料Ⅰ和粉末涂料Ⅱ按质量比为(0.5～2)：1组成，固化温度为140～160℃，固化时间10～30min；所述粉末涂料Ⅰ的原料组分包括高酸值端羧基聚酯树脂、固化剂、颜填料和助剂，所述粉末涂料Ⅱ的原料组分包括低酸值端羧基聚酯树脂、固化剂、颜填料和助剂。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的粉末涂料，其特征在于，所述粉末涂料Ⅰ和所述粉末涂料Ⅱ的原料组分中，所述固化剂包括具有至少2个β-羟烷基酰胺基团的化合物。
  14. 一种工件，其特征在于，所述工件的表面附着有权利要求13所述的粉末涂料形成的涂层。
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CN112566990A (zh) 2021-03-26

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