WO2021009862A1 - ステータ、モータ、圧縮機、及び空気調和機 - Google Patents
ステータ、モータ、圧縮機、及び空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021009862A1 WO2021009862A1 PCT/JP2019/028036 JP2019028036W WO2021009862A1 WO 2021009862 A1 WO2021009862 A1 WO 2021009862A1 JP 2019028036 W JP2019028036 W JP 2019028036W WO 2021009862 A1 WO2021009862 A1 WO 2021009862A1
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- rotor
- stator
- motor
- compressor
- refrigerant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
- F25B31/026—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units with compressor of rotary type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor stator.
- a refrigerant containing 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is used as the refrigerant of the compressor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the refrigerant may expand and the cylinder in the compressor may break down. As a result, the compressor may fail.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to make it difficult for a compressor to fail.
- the stator according to one aspect of the present invention is A stator located outside the rotor of a motor located inside a compressor used with a refrigerant containing a substance that causes a disproportionation reaction.
- the yoke part Equipped with N teeth parts
- Each of the N tooth portions has a tooth tip surface facing the rotor.
- the motor according to another aspect of the present invention With the stator It includes the rotor arranged inside the stator.
- the compressor according to another aspect of the present invention With a closed container With the compression device arranged in the closed container, It includes the motor that drives the compression device.
- the air conditioner according to another aspect of the present invention is With the compressor Equipped with a heat exchanger.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows typically the internal structure of the motor provided with the stator which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a drive device. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the divided iron core part schematicly. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the stator core. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the divided iron core part. It is a top view which shows the structure of the iron core part roughly. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the iron core part roughly. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the structure of a rotor. It is a figure which shows the structure of the tooth part. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a motor schematically.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a motor schematicly. It is a top view which shows the example of a metal member schematically. It is a figure which shows another example of a rotor. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the rotation angle of a rotor, and the internal pressure in a cylinder. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the opening angle ratio [%] and torque ripple rate [%] when a motor is driven below a rated torque. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux density in the stator core when a motor is driven with a rated torque or less. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux density in the stator core when the motor is driven by the torque larger than the rated torque.
- Embodiment 1 In the xyz Cartesian coordinate system shown in each figure, the z-axis direction (z-axis) indicates a direction parallel to the axis A1 of the motor 1, and the x-axis direction (x-axis) is orthogonal to the z-axis direction (z-axis).
- the y-axis direction (y-axis) indicates a direction orthogonal to both the z-axis direction and the x-axis direction.
- the axis A1 is the center of rotation of the rotor 3.
- the axis A1 also indicates the center of the stator 2.
- the direction parallel to the axis A1 is also referred to as "axial direction of motor 1", “axial direction of rotor 3", or simply "axial direction”.
- the radial direction is the radial direction of the rotor 3 or the stator 2, and is the direction orthogonal to the axis A1.
- the xy plane is a plane orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the arrow D1 indicates the circumferential direction centered on the axis A1.
- the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 or the stator 2 is also simply referred to as "circumferential direction”.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an internal structure of a motor 1 provided with a stator 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the motor 1 has a stator 2 and a rotor 3.
- the motor 1 is, for example, a permanent magnet embedded motor.
- the motor 1 is, for example, a motor arranged in a compressor used together with a refrigerant containing a substance having a property of causing a disproportionation reaction.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may contain 1 wt% or more of a substance having a property of causing a disproportionation reaction.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may be a refrigerant composed only of a substance having a property of causing a disproportionation reaction. That is, the proportion of the substance having a property of causing a disproportionation reaction in the above-mentioned refrigerant may be 1 wt% to 100 wt%.
- the substance that causes a disproportionation reaction is, for example, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene or 1,2-difluoroethylene.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may contain 1 wt% or more of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may be a refrigerant composed only of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene. That is, the above-mentioned refrigerant may contain 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in an amount of 1 wt% to 100 wt%.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may contain 1 wt% or more of 1,2-difluoroethylene.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may be a refrigerant composed only of 1,2-difluoroethylene. That is, the above-mentioned refrigerant may contain 1 wt% to 100 wt% of 1,2-difluoroethylene.
- the above-mentioned refrigerant may be a mixture of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and difluoromethane (also referred to as R32).
- R32 a mixture containing 40 wt% of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and 60 wt% of R32 can be used as the refrigerant.
- R32 of this mixture may be replaced with another substance.
- a mixture of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene and other ethylene-based fluorohydrocarbons may be used as the refrigerant.
- ethylene-based fluorocarbon hydrocarbons include fluoroethylene (also referred to as HFO-1141), 1,1-difluoroethylene (also referred to as HFO-1132a), and trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (“HFO-1132 (E)). ) ”), And cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (also referred to as“ HFO-1132 (Z) ”) can be used.
- R32 is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (also referred to as R1234yf), trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (also referred to as “R1234ze (E)”), cis-1,3, 3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (also referred to as “R1234ze (Z)”), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (also referred to as R134a), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (R125) It may be replaced with any of (also referred to as).
- R32 may be replaced with a mixture consisting of any two or more of R32, R1234yf, R1234ze (E), R1234ze (Z), R134a, and R125.
- the stator 2 has a stator core 2a formed in an annular shape and a coil 27 wound around the stator core 2a.
- the stator 2 is formed in an annular shape in the circumferential direction about the axis A1 (that is, the center of rotation of the rotor 3).
- the stator 2 is arranged outside the rotor 3.
- a rotor 3 is rotatably provided inside the stator 2.
- An air gap of 0.3 mm to 1 mm is provided between the inner surface of the stator 2 and the outer surface of the rotor 3.
- the stator 2 has a plurality of divided iron core portions 25a.
- a plurality of divided iron core portions 25a are arranged in an annular shape in the circumferential direction centered on the axis A1, thereby forming the stator 2.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the drive device 101.
- the motor 1 may have a drive device 101 shown in FIG.
- the drive device 101 includes a converter 102 that rectifies the output of the power supply, an inverter 103 that supplies electric power to the stator 2 (specifically, the coil 27) of the motor 1, and a control device 50.
- the coil 27 is a three-phase coil having a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase.
- Power is supplied to the converter 102 from a power source that is an AC power source.
- the converter 102 applies a voltage to the inverter 103.
- the voltage applied from the converter 102 to the inverter 103 is also referred to as a "converter voltage”.
- the bus voltage of the converter 102 is supplied to the control device 50.
- the inverter 103 operates in a pulse width modulation control method (also referred to as a PWM control method).
- the inverter voltage that drives the motor 1, that is, the voltage applied to the coil 27 of the motor 1 is generated by the PWM control method.
- the coil 27 of the motor 1 is, for example, a three-phase coil.
- the inverter 103 has at least one inverter switch corresponding to each phase, and each inverter switch has a set of switching elements (in the present embodiment, two switching elements).
- the waveform of the inverter voltage is generated by controlling the on / off time ratio of the inverter switch corresponding to each phase.
- a desired output waveform from the inverter 103 can be obtained.
- the inverter switch is turned on in the inverter 103, a voltage is supplied from the inverter 103 to the coil 27, and the inverter voltage increases.
- the inverter switch is off, the voltage supply from the inverter 103 to the coil 27 is cut off, and the inverter voltage drops.
- the difference between the inverter voltage and the induced voltage is supplied to the coil 27, an electric motor current is generated, and a rotational force of the motor 1 is generated.
- a desired output waveform from the inverter 103 can be obtained by controlling the on / off time ratio of the inverter switch so as to match the target motor current value.
- the on / off timing of each inverter switch is determined based on the carrier wave.
- the carrier wave is composed of a triangular wave having a constant amplitude.
- the pulse width modulation period in the PWM control method is determined by the carrier frequency, which is the frequency of the carrier wave.
- a predetermined carrier wave pattern or a predetermined carrier frequency is stored in the control device 50.
- the control device 50 controls the carrier frequency and controls the on / off of each inverter switch. As a result, the control device 50 controls the output from the inverter 103 supplied to the coil 27.
- the carrier frequency which is the frequency of the carrier wave, is also referred to as the "carrier frequency of the inverter 103". That is, the carrier frequency of the inverter 103 is the control frequency of the voltage applied to the coil 27, and the control device 50 controls the carrier frequency of the inverter 103.
- the inverter 103 has three inverter switches (that is, six switching elements), but one of the three inverter switches, that is, U-phase and V-phase.
- control for one inverter switch corresponding to the W phase will be described.
- the control for one inverter switch can also be applied to the control for the other two inverter switches.
- the control device 50 compares the voltage value of the carrier wave with the inverter output voltage command value.
- the inverter output voltage command value is calculated, for example, in the control device 50 based on the target motor current value.
- the inverter output voltage command value is set based on, for example, an operation instruction signal input to the control device 50 from a remote controller of a refrigerating and air-conditioning device such as an air conditioner.
- the control device 50 When the voltage value of the carrier wave is smaller than the inverter output voltage command value, the control device 50 turns on the PWM control signal so that the inverter switch is turned on. When the voltage value of the carrier wave is equal to or higher than the inverter output voltage command value, the control device 50 turns off the PWM control signal so that the inverter switch is turned off. As a result, the inverter voltage approaches the target value.
- control device 50 generates a PWM control signal based on the difference between the inverter output voltage command value and the carrier wave voltage value.
- the control device 50 outputs a control signal such as an inverter drive signal based on the PWM control signal to the inverter 103, and controls the on / off of the inverter switch.
- the inverter drive signal may be the same signal as the PWM control signal, or may be a signal different from the PWM control signal.
- the inverter voltage is output from the inverter 103 when the inverter switch is on.
- the inverter voltage is supplied to the coil 27, and the motor 1 generates an electric motor current (specifically, a U-phase current, a V-phase current, and a W-phase current).
- the inverter voltage is converted into the rotational force of the motor 1 (specifically, the rotor 3).
- the electric motor current is measured by a measuring instrument such as a current sensor, and a measurement result (for example, a signal indicating a current value) is transmitted to the control device 50.
- the control device 50 is composed of, for example, a processor and a memory.
- the control device 50 is a microcomputer.
- the control device 50 may be composed of a processing circuit as dedicated hardware such as a single circuit or a composite circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the split iron core portion 25a.
- the stator 2 is composed of a plurality of divided iron core portions 25a.
- Each divided iron core portion 25a has an iron core portion 21 which is a divided iron core, a first insulator 24a, a second insulator 24b, and a coil 27.
- the coil 27 is not shown.
- the first insulator 24a is combined with the stator core 2a (specifically, the iron core 21).
- the first insulator 24a is provided at both ends of the stator core 2a in the axial direction.
- the first insulator 24a may be provided at one end of the stator core 2a in the axial direction.
- the first insulator 24a is an insulating resin.
- the second insulator 24b is, for example, a thin PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
- the thickness of the PET film is, for example, 0.15 mm.
- the second insulator 24b covers the side surface of the teeth portion (teeth portion 22a described later) of the stator core 2a.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of the stator core 2a.
- the stator core 2a has at least one yoke portion 21a and at least two tooth portions 22a.
- the stator core 2a is composed of a plurality of iron cores 21. Therefore, each iron core portion 21 has a yoke portion 21a and a teeth portion 22a.
- the stator core 2a is composed of nine iron cores 21.
- the stator core 2a does not have to be divided into a plurality of iron cores 21.
- the stator core 2a may be composed of a plurality of iron cores 21 integrated as one member.
- the stator core 2a may be formed by laminating a plurality of annular materials (for example, electromagnetic steel plates).
- the area surrounded by the two yoke portions 21a and the two teeth portions 22a is the slot portion 26.
- the plurality of slot portions 26 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In the example shown in FIG. 4, nine slot portions 26 are provided in the stator core 2a.
- the stator core 2a has a plurality of tooth portions 22a, and the tooth portions 22a are adjacent to each other via the slot portion 26. Therefore, the plurality of teeth portions 22a and the plurality of slot portions 26 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
- the arrangement pitches of the plurality of tooth portions 22a in the circumferential direction that is, the widths of the slot portions 26 in the circumferential direction
- the stator 2 has N divided iron core portions 25a (N is a natural number of 2 or more). Therefore, the stator 2 has N tooth portions 22a. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the stator 2 has nine divided iron core portions 25a. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the stator 2 has nine tooth portions 22a.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the divided iron core portion 25a.
- Each divided iron core portion 25a insulates the yoke portion 21a, the teeth portion 22a located inside the yoke portion 21a in the radial direction, the coil 27, the first insulator 24a that insulates the stator core 2a, and the stator core 2a. It has a second insulator 24b and the like.
- the teeth portion 22a is integrated with the yoke portion 21a as one member, but a teeth portion 22a formed separately from the yoke portion 21a may be attached to the yoke portion 21a.
- the coil 27 is wound around the stator core 2a via the first insulator 24a and the second insulator 24b. Specifically, the coil 27 is wound around the teeth portion 22a. When a current flows through the coil 27, a rotating magnetic field is generated from the coil 27.
- the coil 27 is, for example, a magnet wire.
- the stator 2 has three phases, and the connection of the coil 27 is, for example, a Y connection (also referred to as a star connection) or a delta connection.
- the number of turns and the wire diameter of the coil 27 are determined according to the rotation speed, torque, voltage specifications of the motor 1, the cross-sectional area of the slot portion 26, and the like.
- the wire diameter of the coil 27 is, for example, 1.0 mm.
- a coil 27 is wound around each tooth portion 22a of the stator core 2a, for example, for 80 turns. However, the wire diameter and the number of turns of the coil 27 are not limited to these examples.
- the winding method of the coil 27 is, for example, centralized winding.
- the coil 27 can be wound around the iron core portion 21 in a state before the iron core portions 21 are arranged in an annular shape (for example, a state in which the iron core portions 21 are linearly arranged).
- the iron core portion 21 around which the coil 27 is wound (that is, the divided iron core portion 25a) is folded into an annular shape and fixed by welding or the like.
- the coil 27 may be attached to each tooth portion 22a of the stator core 2a by distributed winding instead of centralized winding.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of the iron core portion 21.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the iron core portion 21.
- the yoke portion 21a extends in the circumferential direction, and the teeth portion 22a extends inward in the radial direction of the stator core 2a (in the ⁇ y direction in FIG. 6). In other words, the teeth portion 22a protrudes from the yoke portion 21a toward the axis A1.
- each tooth portion 22a has a main body portion 221a, a tooth tip portion 222a, and a tooth tip surface 223a.
- the tooth tip portion 222a is provided at the tip of the tooth portion 22a (specifically, the end portion of the main body portion 221a) in the radial direction.
- the main body 221a has equal widths along the radial direction.
- the tooth tip portion 222a extends in the circumferential direction and is formed so as to spread in the circumferential direction.
- the tooth tip surface 223a faces the rotor 3 in the motor 1. Specifically, the tooth tip surface 223a is the surface of the tooth tip portion 222a facing the rotor 3 in the motor 1.
- the iron core portion 21 (for example, the yoke portion 21a) is provided with a fixing hole 24c for fixing the first insulator 24a.
- the iron core portion 21 is composed of at least one sheet 28 (also referred to as a plate).
- the iron core portion 21 is formed by laminating a plurality of sheets 28 in the axial direction (that is, the z-axis direction).
- the sheet 28 is formed into a predetermined shape by press working (specifically, punching).
- the sheet 28 is, for example, an electromagnetic steel plate.
- the thickness of the sheet 28 is, for example, 0.01 mm to 0.7 mm. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the sheet 28 is 0.35 mm.
- the sheet 28 is fixed to another adjacent sheet 28 by the caulking portion 24d.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the rotor 3.
- the rotor 3 includes a rotor core 31, a shaft 32, at least one permanent magnet 33, at least one magnet insertion hole 34, at least one flux barrier 35, at least one air hole 36, and at least one slit 38. And have.
- the rotor 3 is rotatable about the axis A1.
- the rotor 3 is rotatably arranged inside the stator 2.
- the axis A1 is the center of rotation of the rotor 3 and is the axis of the shaft 32.
- the rotor 3 is a permanent magnet embedded rotor.
- the rotor core 31 has a plurality of magnet insertion holes 34 arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the magnet insertion hole 34 is a gap in which the permanent magnet 33 is arranged.
- One permanent magnet 33 is arranged in each magnet insertion hole 34.
- a plurality of permanent magnets 33 may be arranged in each magnet insertion hole 34.
- the permanent magnet 33 arranged in the magnet insertion hole 34 is magnetized in the radial direction of the rotor 3 (that is, the direction orthogonal to the axis A1).
- the number of magnet insertion holes 34 corresponds to the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3.
- the positional relationship of each magnetic pole is the same. In this embodiment, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 is 6 poles. However, the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 may be 2 or more.
- Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet a rare earth magnet containing neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe), and boron (B) (hereinafter referred to as "Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet") is applied to the permanent magnet 33.
- the coercive force of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet has the property of decreasing with temperature.
- a motor using an Nd rare earth magnet is used in a high temperature atmosphere of 100 ° C. or higher such as a compressor
- the coercive force of the magnet deteriorates from about -0.5 to -0.6% / ⁇ K depending on the temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to add a Dy (dysprosium) element to increase the coercive force.
- the coercive force improves almost in proportion to the content of the Dy element.
- the upper limit of the atmospheric temperature of the motor is about 150 ° C.
- the motor is used within a temperature rise range of about 130 ° C. with respect to 20 ° C.
- the coercive force is reduced by 65%.
- a coercive force of about 1100-1500 A / m is required to prevent demagnetization at the maximum load of the compressor.
- the room temperature coercive force In order to guarantee the coercive force in an atmospheric temperature of 150 ° C., it is necessary to design the room temperature coercive force to be about 1800 to 2300 A / m.
- the room temperature coercive force is about 1800 A / m.
- the coercive force characteristic is improved, but the residual magnetic flux density characteristic is lowered.
- the residual magnetic flux density decreases, the magnet torque of the motor decreases and the energizing current increases, so that the copper loss increases. Therefore, considering the efficiency of the motor, it is desired to reduce the amount of Dy added.
- the rotor iron core 31 is formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates.
- the thickness of each electrical steel plate of the rotor core 31 is, for example, 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm. In the present embodiment, the thickness of each electromagnetic steel plate of the rotor core 31 is 0.35 mm.
- the electromagnetic steel plate of the rotor core 31 is fixed to other adjacent electromagnetic steel plates by caulking.
- At least one slit 38 is formed on the outside of the magnet insertion hole 34 in the radial direction of the rotor 3.
- a plurality of slits 38 are formed on the outside of the magnet insertion hole 34 in the radial direction of the rotor 3.
- Each slit 38 is radially long.
- the shaft 32 is connected to the rotor core 31.
- the shaft 32 is fixed to the shaft hole 37 formed in the rotor iron core 31 by a fixing method such as shrink fitting or press fitting.
- a fixing method such as shrink fitting or press fitting.
- the flux barrier 35 is formed at a position adjacent to the magnet insertion hole 34 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. In other words, each flux barrier 35 is adjacent to the end of each magnet insertion hole 34 in the longitudinal direction of each magnet insertion hole 34.
- the flux barrier 35 reduces the leakage flux.
- the width of the thin portion between the flux barrier 35 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 31 is, for example, 0.35 mm.
- the air hole 36 is a through hole. For example, when the motor 1 is used for the compressor, the refrigerant can pass through the air hole 36.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the structure of the teeth portion 22a.
- the stator 2 In the xy plane, when the angle formed by the two straight lines L1 passing through both ends P1 of the tooth tip surface 223a and the rotation center of the rotor 3 is ⁇ 1 [degrees], the stator 2 has 0.75 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360. ⁇ 0.97 is satisfied.
- N 9.
- N may be a natural number of 2 or more.
- the ratio ⁇ [%] occupied by the tooth tip surface 223a on the circumference of the circle passing through the tooth tip surface 223a satisfies 75% or more and 97% or less.
- this ratio ⁇ is referred to as an opening angle ratio ⁇ .
- the circle passing through the tooth tip surface 223a is, for example, the circle indicated by the broken line R1 in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the motor 1.
- the rotor 3 is longer than the stator 2.
- the rotor 3 may be longer than the stator core 2a.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing still another example of the motor 1.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the metal member 39.
- the rotor 3 has at least one metal member 39.
- the metal member 39 is fixed to the end of the rotor core 31 in the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the rotor 3 has two metal members 39, and the metal members 39 are fixed to both ends of the rotor core 31.
- the metal member 39 is preferably a single structure. Thereby, the cost of the metal member 39 can be reduced.
- each metal member 39 is larger than the surface area of the rotor core 31 (specifically, the surface of the rotor core 31 facing the metal member 39).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the rotor 3.
- the rotor 3 may have the rotor core 31a shown in FIG. 13 instead of the rotor core 31.
- the rotor core 31a shown in FIG. 13 has a plurality of different radii in the xy plane. Specifically, the radius of the rotor core 31a is the largest at the center of the magnetic poles of the rotor 3 and the smallest at the interpole portion of the rotor 3. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the outer diameter of the rotor core 31a is maximum at the magnetic pole center portion of the rotor 3 and minimum at the interpole portion of the rotor 3. In the xy plane shown in FIG.
- the magnetic pole center portion of the rotor 3 is located on a straight line passing through the center of each permanent magnet 33 and the axis A1.
- the interpole portion of the rotor 3 is located on a straight line passing through a point between the permanent magnets 33 adjacent to each other and the axis A1.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation angle of the rotor and the internal pressure in the cylinder.
- the solid line B1 corresponds to the motor having a large torque ripple
- the broken line B2 corresponds to the motor having a small torque ripple.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening angle ratio ⁇ [%] and the torque ripple rate [%] when the motor is driven at the rated torque or less.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the magnetic flux density in the stator core 2a when the motor is driven at the rated torque or less.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the magnetic flux density in the stator core 2a when the motor is driven with a torque larger than the rated torque.
- the torque ripple rate is the ratio of the difference between the maximum torque and the minimum torque to the time average torque. The smaller the torque ripple rate, the less the fluctuation of the rotation speed of the motor during driving of the motor, and the less likely the pressure overshoot occurs.
- FIG. 16 when the torque load is small, the influence of magnetic saturation in each tooth portion is small.
- FIG. 17 when the torque load is large, the magnetic saturation in each tooth portion increases. For example, when the torque load of the motor in the compressor is large, the internal pressure of the cylinder increases, so that the compressor is likely to fail due to the disproportionation reaction of the refrigerant.
- the angle ⁇ 1 affects the magnetic attraction generated between the stator and the rotor. As a result, the angle ⁇ 1 affects the torque ripple rate.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening angle ratio ⁇ [%] and the torque ripple rate [%] when the motor 1 is driven with a torque larger than the rated torque.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ is 75% or more, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced. That is, in 0.75 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced.
- the torque ripple rate can be reduced more effectively. That is, in 0.84 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360, the torque ripple rate can be reduced more effectively.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ satisfies 75% or more and 97% or less. That is, it is desirable that the stator 2 satisfies 0.75 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.97. As a result, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the failure of the compressor can be reduced.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ satisfies 84% or more and 97% or less. That is, it is more desirable that the stator 2 satisfies 0.84 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.97. As a result, the torque ripple rate can be reduced more effectively, and as a result, the failure of the compressor can be made less likely to occur.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ satisfies 87.5% or more and 92.5% or less. That is, it is more desirable that the stator 2 satisfies 0.875 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.925. As a result, the torque ripple rate can be reduced more effectively, and as a result, the failure of the compressor can be made less likely to occur.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ may be 87.5% or more and 97% or less. That is, when the stator 2 satisfies 0.875 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.97, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the failure of the compressor is less likely to occur. it can.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ may be 87.5% or more and 92.5% or less. That is, when the stator 2 satisfies 0.875 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.925, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the failure of the compressor is less likely to occur. it can.
- the opening angle ratio ⁇ may be 84% or more and 92.5% or less. That is, when the stator 2 satisfies 0.84 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ N) / 360 ⁇ 0.925, the torque ripple rate can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the failure of the compressor is less likely to occur. it can.
- the magnetic flux from the coil 27 is widely dispersed in the stator 2 as compared with the concentrated winding.
- the fluctuation of the magnetic attraction force generated between the rotor 3 and the stator 2 when the rotor 3 is rotated becomes gentle, and the torque ripple rate can be reduced.
- the waveform of the inverter voltage can be finely adjusted.
- the torque waveform of the motor 1 caused by the inverter voltage can be controlled, and the torque ripple rate can be reduced.
- the rotor 3 When the rotor 3 is longer than the stator 2 in the axial direction of the rotor 3, the moment of inertia of the rotor 3 can be increased. As a result, the occurrence of pressure overshoot can be suppressed. Further, when the stator 2 is shorter than the rotor 3 in the axial direction of the rotor 3, the motor 1 can be miniaturized. Therefore, the compressor having the motor 1 can be miniaturized.
- the rotor 3 has at least one metal member 39, the moment of inertia of the rotor 3 can be increased. As a result, the occurrence of pressure overshoot can be suppressed.
- the surface area of each metal member 39 in the xy plane is larger than the surface area of the rotor core 31 (specifically, the surface of the rotor core 31 facing the metal member 39). Is also desirable. As a result, the moment of inertia of the rotor 3 can be further increased. As a result, the occurrence of pressure overshoot can be effectively suppressed.
- the magnetic flux density on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 is maximum at the magnetic pole center, and the rotor 3
- the magnetic flux density on the outer peripheral surface is minimized in the interpole region. That is, the magnetic flux density on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 decreases as the magnetic pole center portion approaches the interpole portion.
- the waveform of the induced voltage in the motor 1 approaches a sine wave, and the torque ripple rate can be reduced. As a result, the occurrence of pressure overshoot can be suppressed.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the compressor 6 according to the second embodiment.
- the compressor 6 has a motor 1 as an electric element, a closed container 61 as a housing, and a compression mechanism 62 as a compression element (also referred to as a compression device).
- the compressor 6 is used together with the refrigerant described in the first embodiment, that is, a refrigerant containing a substance having a property of causing a disproportionation reaction. This refrigerant may be provided in advance in the compressor 6.
- the compressor 6 is a rotary compressor.
- the compressor 6 is not limited to the rotary compressor.
- the motor 1 in the compressor 6 is the motor 1 described in the first embodiment.
- the motor 1 drives the compression mechanism 62.
- the motor 1 is a permanent magnet embedded motor, but the motor 1 is not limited thereto.
- the closed container 61 covers the motor 1 and the compression mechanism 62. Refrigerating machine oil that lubricates the sliding portion of the compression mechanism 62 is stored in the bottom of the closed container 61.
- the compressor 6 further includes a glass terminal 63 fixed to the closed container 61, an accumulator 64, a suction pipe 65 for sucking the refrigerant, and a discharge pipe 66 for projecting the refrigerant.
- the suction pipe 65 and the discharge pipe 66 are fixed to the closed container 61.
- the compression mechanism 62 is arranged in the closed container 61.
- the compression mechanism 62 is arranged at the lower part of the closed container 61.
- the compression mechanism 62 includes a cylinder 62a, a piston 62b, an upper frame 62c (first frame), a lower frame 62d (second frame), and a plurality of mufflers attached to the upper frame 62c and the lower frame 62d, respectively. It has 62e and.
- the compression mechanism 62 further has a vane that divides the inside of the cylinder 62a into a suction side and a compression side.
- the compression mechanism 62 is driven by the motor 1.
- the compression mechanism 62 compresses the refrigerant.
- the motor 1 is arranged at the upper part of the closed container 61. Specifically, the motor 1 is located between the discharge pipe 66 and the compression mechanism 62. That is, the motor 1 is provided above the compression mechanism 62.
- the stator 2 of the motor 1 is fixed in the closed container 61 by a fixing method such as press fitting or shrink fitting. Instead of press fitting and shrink fitting, the stator 2 may be directly attached to the closed container 61 by welding.
- Electric power is supplied to the coil of the stator 2 of the motor 1 (for example, the coil 27 shown in FIG. 1) via the glass terminal 63.
- the rotor of the motor 1 (specifically, the shaft 32 of the rotor 3) is rotatably held by the upper frame 62c and the lower frame 62d via bearings provided in each of the upper frame 62c and the lower frame 62d. There is.
- a shaft 32 is inserted through the piston 62b.
- a shaft 32 is rotatably inserted into the upper frame 62c and the lower frame 62d.
- the upper frame 62c is provided with a valve valve for preventing the backflow of the refrigerant. Specifically, this valve valve is located between the upper frame 62c and the muffler 62e.
- the upper frame 62c and the lower frame 62d close the end faces of the cylinder 62a.
- the accumulator 64 supplies the refrigerant to the cylinder 62a through the suction pipe 65.
- the refrigerant supplied from the accumulator 64 enters the cylinder 62a through the suction pipe 65 fixed to the closed container 61.
- the motor 1 rotates
- the piston 62b fitted to the shaft 32 rotates in the cylinder 62a.
- the refrigerant is compressed in the cylinder 62a.
- the refrigerant passes through the muffler 62e and rises in the closed container 61.
- the valve valve provided in the upper frame 62c opens, and the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the discharge pipe 66. In this way, the compressed refrigerant is supplied to the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle through the discharge pipe 66.
- the valve valve closes and the flow of the refrigerant is cut off.
- the compressor 6 according to the second embodiment has the motor 1 described in the first embodiment, it is possible to make it difficult for the compressor 6 to fail.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the refrigerating air conditioner 7 according to the third embodiment.
- the refrigerating and air-conditioning device 7 can be operated for heating and cooling, for example.
- the refrigerant circuit diagram shown in FIG. 20 is an example of a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner capable of cooling operation.
- the refrigerating and air-conditioning device 7 has an outdoor unit 71, an indoor unit 72, and a refrigerant pipe 73 connecting the outdoor unit 71 and the indoor unit 72.
- the outdoor unit 71 includes a compressor 6, a condenser 74 as a heat exchanger, a throttle device 75, and an outdoor blower 76 (first blower).
- the condenser 74 condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 6.
- the throttle device 75 decompresses the refrigerant condensed by the condenser 74 and adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the diaphragm device 75 is also called a decompression device.
- the indoor unit 72 has an evaporator 77 as a heat exchanger and an indoor blower 78 (second blower).
- the evaporator 77 evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the throttle device 75 to cool the indoor air.
- the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 6 and flows into the condenser 74.
- the refrigerant is condensed by the condenser 74, and the condensed refrigerant flows into the drawing device 75.
- the refrigerant is decompressed by the throttle device 75, and the decompressed refrigerant flows into the evaporator 77.
- the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator 77, and the refrigerant (specifically, the refrigerant gas) flows into the compressor 6 of the outdoor unit 71 again.
- the configuration and operation of the refrigerating air conditioner 7 described above is an example, and is not limited to the above-mentioned example.
- the refrigerating air conditioner 7 according to the third embodiment has the advantages described in the first and second embodiments.
- the refrigerating and air-conditioning device 7 Since the refrigerating and air-conditioning device 7 according to the third embodiment has a compressor 6, it is possible to prevent the refrigerating and air-conditioning device 7 from failing.
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Abstract
Description
不均化反応を起こす性質の物質を含む冷媒と共に用いられる圧縮機内に配置されたモータのロータの外側に配置されるステータであって、
ヨーク部と、
N個のティース部と
を備え、
前記N個のティース部の各々は、前記ロータに対向するティース先端面を有し、
前記ロータの軸方向と直交する平面において、前記ティース先端面の両端と前記ロータの回転中心とを通る2直線が成す角度をθ1[度]としたとき、
0.75≦(θ1×N)/360≦0.97
を満たす。
本発明の他の態様に係るモータは、
前記ステータと、
前記ステータの内側に配置された前記ロータと
を備える。
本発明の他の態様に係る圧縮機は、
密閉容器と、
前記密閉容器内に配置された圧縮装置と、
前記圧縮装置を駆動する前記モータと
を備える。
本発明の他の態様に係る空気調和機は、
前記圧縮機と、
熱交換器と
を備える。
各図に示されるxyz直交座標系において、z軸方向(z軸)は、モータ1の軸線A1と平行な方向を示し、x軸方向(x軸)は、z軸方向(z軸)に直交する方向を示し、y軸方向(y軸)は、z軸方向及びx軸方向の両方に直交する方向を示す。軸線A1は、ロータ3の回転中心である。軸線A1は、ステータ2の中心も示す。軸線A1と平行な方向は、「モータ1の軸方向」、「ロータ3の軸方向」、又は単に「軸方向」ともいう。径方向は、ロータ3又はステータ2の半径方向であり、軸線A1と直交する方向である。xy平面は、軸方向と直交する平面である。矢印D1は、軸線A1を中心とする周方向を示す。ロータ3又はステータ2の周方向を、単に「周方向」ともいう。
モータ1は、ステータ2と、ロータ3とを有する。モータ1は、例えば、永久磁石埋込型電動機である。
図2は、駆動装置101の構成を示すブロック図である。
モータ1は、図2に示される駆動装置101を有してもよい。駆動装置101は、電源の出力を整流するコンバータ102と、モータ1のステータ2(具体的には、コイル27)に電力を供給するインバータ103と、制御装置50とを有する。
図3は、分割鉄心部25aの構造を概略的に示す斜視図である。
各分割鉄心部25aは、ヨーク部21aと、径方向におけるヨーク部21aの内側に位置するティース部22aと、コイル27と、ステータ鉄心2aを絶縁する第1のインシュレータ24aと、ステータ鉄心2aを絶縁する第2のインシュレータ24bとを有する。本実施の形態では、ティース部22aは、1つの部材としてヨーク部21aと一体化されているが、ヨーク部21aとは別に形成されたティース部22aをヨーク部21aに取り付けてもよい。
図7は、鉄心部21の構造を概略的に示す斜視図である。
図8は、ロータ3の構造を概略的に示す断面図である。
図9は、ティース部22aの構造を示す図である。
xy平面において、ティース先端面223aの両端P1とロータ3の回転中心とを通る2直線L1が成す角度をθ1[度]としたとき、ステータ2は、0.75≦(θ1×N)/360≦0.97を満たす。
図10は、モータ1の他の例を概略的に示す断面図である。
ロータ3の軸方向において、ロータ3は、ステータ2よりも長い。この場合、ロータ3は、ステータ鉄心2aよりも長ければよい。
図11は、モータ1のさらに他の例を概略的に示す断面図である。
図12は、金属部材39の例を概略的に示す平面図である。
変形例2では、ロータ3は、少なくとも1つの金属部材39を有する。金属部材39は、ロータ3の軸方向におけるロータ鉄心31の端部に固定されている。
図13は、ロータ3の他の例を示す図である。
ロータ3は、ロータ鉄心31の代わりに、図13に示されるロータ鉄心31aを有してもよい。図13に示されるロータ鉄心31aは、xy平面において、複数の異なる半径を持つ。具体的には、ロータ鉄心31aの半径は、ロータ3の磁極中心部で最大であり、ロータ3の極間部で最小である。図13に示される例では、ロータ鉄心31aの外径は、ロータ3の磁極中心部で最大であり、ロータ3の極間部で最小である。図13に示されるxy平面において、ロータ3の磁極中心部は、各永久磁石33の中央と軸線A1とを通る直線上に位置する。図13に示されるxy平面において、ロータ3の極間部は、互いに隣接する永久磁石33の間の点と軸線A1とを通る直線上に位置する。
図14は、ロータの回転角度とシリンダにおける内圧との関係を示すグラフである。図14に示される例では、実線B1は、大きいトルクリプルを持つモータに対応しており、破線B2は、小さいトルクリプルを持つモータに対応している。
通常、圧縮機において、冷媒の圧縮が開始されると、シリンダの内部圧力が高まる。内部圧力が要求能力を満たす狙いの吐出圧力に達したとき、冷媒がバルブ弁を押しのけ、バルブ弁が開放される。これにより、シリンダが吐出マフラに連通し、狙いの吐出圧力で冷媒が吐出パイプから吐出される。
図16は、定格トルク以下でモータが駆動するときのステータ鉄心2aにおける磁束密度を示す図である。
図17は、定格トルクよりも大きいトルクでモータが駆動するときのステータ鉄心2aにおける磁束密度を示す図である。
図18に示されるように、開き角割合αが75%以上のとき、トルクリプル率を効果的に小さくすることができる。すなわち、0.75≦(θ1×N)/360において、トルクリプル率を効果的に小さくすることができる。
本発明の実施の形態2に係る圧縮機6について説明する。
図19は、実施の形態2に係る圧縮機6の構造を概略的に示す断面図である。
本発明の実施の形態2に係る圧縮機6を有する、空気調和機としての冷凍空調装置7について説明する。
図20は、実施の形態3に係る冷凍空調装置7の構成を概略的に示す図である。
Claims (14)
- 不均化反応を起こす性質の物質を含む冷媒と共に用いられる圧縮機内に配置されたモータのロータの外側に配置されるステータであって、
ヨーク部と、
N個のティース部と
を備え、
前記N個のティース部の各々は、前記ロータに対向するティース先端面を有し、
前記ロータの軸方向と直交する平面において、前記ティース先端面の両端と前記ロータの回転中心とを通る2直線が成す角度をθ1[度]としたとき、
0.75≦(θ1×N)/360≦0.97
を満たすステータ。 - 0.84≦(θ1×N)/360≦0.97を満たす請求項1に記載のステータ。
- 0.75≦(θ1×N)/360≦0.925を満たす請求項1に記載のステータ。
- 前記N個のティース部に分布巻きで取り付けられたコイルをさらに有する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のステータ。
- 前記不均化反応を起こす性質の物質は、1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンである請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のステータ。
- 前記不均化反応を起こす性質の物質は、1,2-ジフルオロエチレンである請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のステータ。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のステータと、
前記ステータの内側に配置された前記ロータと
を備えるモータ。 - パルス幅変調制御方式で動作し、前記ステータに電力を供給するインバータを有する請求項7に記載のモータ。
- 前記ロータの軸方向において、前記ロータは前記ステータよりも長い請求項7又は8に記載のモータ。
- 前記ロータは、永久磁石を有する永久磁石埋込型ロータである請求項7から9のいずれか1項に記載のモータ。
- 前記ロータは、ロータ鉄心と、前記ロータの軸方向における前記ロータ鉄心の端部に固定された金属部材とを有し、
前記ロータの軸方向と直交する前記平面において、前記金属部材の表面積は、前記ロータ鉄心の表面積よりも大きい
請求項7から10のいずれか1項に記載のモータ。 - 前記ロータは、ロータ鉄心を有し、
前記ロータ鉄心の外径は、前記ロータの磁極中心部で最大であり、前記ロータの極間部で最小である請求項7から11のいずれか1項に記載のモータ。 - 密閉容器と、
前記密閉容器内に配置された圧縮装置と、
前記圧縮装置を駆動する請求項7から12のいずれか1項に記載のモータと
を備える圧縮機。 - 請求項13に記載の圧縮機と、
熱交換器と
を備える空気調和機。
Priority Applications (7)
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JP2021532614A JPWO2021009862A1 (ja) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | ステータ、モータ、圧縮機、及び空気調和機 |
US17/617,152 US20220239168A1 (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Stator, motor, compressor, and air conditioner |
AU2019457513A AU2019457513B2 (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Stator, motor, compressor, and air conditioner |
CN201980098023.1A CN114072987A (zh) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | 定子、马达、压缩机以及空气调节机 |
PCT/JP2019/028036 WO2021009862A1 (ja) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | ステータ、モータ、圧縮機、及び空気調和機 |
EP19937698.9A EP4002646A4 (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | STATOR, MOTOR, COMPRESSOR AND AIR CONDITIONING |
JP2023175995A JP2024009926A (ja) | 2019-07-17 | 2023-10-11 | 圧縮機及び空気調和機 |
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- 2019-07-17 WO PCT/JP2019/028036 patent/WO2021009862A1/ja unknown
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AU2019457513A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
CN114072987A (zh) | 2022-02-18 |
JP2024009926A (ja) | 2024-01-23 |
US20220239168A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
JPWO2021009862A1 (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
AU2019457513B2 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
EP4002646A4 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
EP4002646A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
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