WO2021004469A1 - 发光二极管及其制造方法和发光装置 - Google Patents
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- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
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- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
- H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
- H10K50/131—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit with spacer layers between the electroluminescent layers
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of lighting devices, and in particular, to a light-emitting diode, a light-emitting device including the light-emitting diode, and a manufacturing method of the light-emitting diode.
- the important parameters of organic light-emitting diode products used for lighting are color temperature, power, efficiency, color rendering index, etc.
- the color temperature should usually be between 2500K-4000K, and the required light should include weaker blue light and stronger red light.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light-emitting diode, including a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a second electrode that are stacked and arranged, the first electrode being a transparent electrode, wherein,
- the second electrode includes a metal electrode layer and a semiconductor auxiliary layer, the metal electrode layer is attached to the light-emitting function layer, and the semiconductor auxiliary layer is disposed on a side of the metal electrode layer away from the light-emitting function layer On the surface, and where
- the metal electrode layer is made of a magnesium-silver alloy, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is between 3 nm and 5 nm, and
- the semiconductor auxiliary layer is made of IZO, and the thickness of the semiconductor auxiliary layer is between 100 nm and 130 nm.
- the mass percentage of magnesium in the magnesium-silver alloy is between 70% and 90%.
- the light transmittance of the second electrode is between 65% and 70%.
- the light-emitting functional layer includes a first hole injection layer, a first hole transport layer, a red light-emitting functional layer, a green light-emitting functional layer, a first electron transport layer, a connecting layer, and a second The hole injection layer, the second hole transport layer, the blue light-emitting functional layer, the second electron transport layer, and wherein the second electrode is disposed on the second electron transport layer away from the blue light-emitting functional layer On the surface.
- the peak wavelength of green light of the light emitting diode is between 530 nm and 540 nm
- the peak wavelength of blue light is between 465 nm and 475 nm
- the full width at half maximum of the blue light is between 69 nm and 79 nm.
- the light emitting diode further includes an encapsulation layer located on a side of the second electrode away from the light emitting function layer.
- the packaging layer includes a first packaging layer and a second packaging layer, the first packaging layer is attached to the second electrode, and the second packaging layer is located away from the first packaging layer.
- One side of the light-emitting functional layer is one side of the light-emitting functional layer.
- the first encapsulation layer is made of tetrafluoroethylene
- the second encapsulation layer is made of silicon nitride
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light emitting device including the aforementioned light emitting diode.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a light emitting diode, including:
- first electrode Forming a first electrode, the first electrode being made of a transparent material
- the metal electrode layer is made of a magnesium-silver alloy, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is between 3 nm and 5 nm;
- the semiconductor auxiliary layer is formed on the surface of the metal electrode layer away from the metal electrode layer, the semiconductor auxiliary layer is made of IZO, and the thickness of the semiconductor auxiliary layer is between 100 nm and 130 nm.
- forming a light-emitting function layer on the surface of the first electrode includes:
- connection layer Forming a connection layer on the surface of the first electron transport layer facing away from the first electrode
- a second electron transport layer is formed on the surface of the blue light-emitting function layer facing away from the first electrode, and wherein,
- the second electrode layer is formed on a surface of the second electron transport layer facing away from the first electrode.
- the manufacturing method further includes:
- An encapsulation layer is formed on the surface of the second electrode away from the first electrode.
- the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, and forming the encapsulation layer on a surface of the second electrode facing away from the first electrode further includes:
- a second encapsulation layer is formed on the surface of the first encapsulation layer facing away from the second electrode using silicon nitride.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting diode in the related art
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting diode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting diode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a spectrum diagram of the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 1, the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 2, and the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 3 when emitting light;
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing a light emitting diode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the method of manufacturing the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 1 includes:
- a first hole injection layer 131 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first electrode layer 110 away from the base substrate;
- a first hole transport layer 132 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first hole injection layer 131 away from the base substrate, wherein the total thickness of the first hole injection layer 131 and the first hole transport layer 132 is 650 angstroms ;
- a red light-emitting functional layer 133 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first hole transport layer 132 facing away from the base substrate;
- a green light-emitting functional layer 134 is vapor-deposited on the surface of the red light-emitting functional layer 133 facing away from the base substrate, wherein the thickness of the red light-emitting functional layer 133 and the green light-emitting functional layer 134 is 300 angstroms;
- a first electron transport layer 135 with a thickness of 200 angstroms is formed by evaporation on the surface of the green light-emitting function layer 134 away from the base substrate;
- connection layer 136 with a thickness of 150 angstroms is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first electron transport layer 135 away from the base substrate;
- a second hole injection layer 137 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the connection layer 136 away from the base substrate;
- a second hole transport layer 138 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the second hole injection layer 137 facing away from the base substrate, wherein the thickness of the second hole injection layer 137 and the second hole transport layer 138 is 990 angstroms;
- a blue light-emitting functional layer 139 with a thickness of 250 angstroms is formed by evaporation on the surface of the second hole transport layer 138 away from the base substrate;
- a second electron transport layer 1310 with a thickness of 250 angstroms is formed by evaporation on the surface of the blue light-emitting function layer 139 away from the base substrate;
- a silicon nitride with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m is formed on the surface of the second electrode 120 away from the base substrate by chemical vapor deposition to form the encapsulation layer 140.
- the light-emitting diode includes a first electrode 110, a light-emitting function layer 130, and a second electrode 120 that are stacked, and the first electrode 110 is a transparent electrode.
- the light transmittance of the second electrode 120 is between 65% and 70%. It can be seen from this that, for light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 500 nm, the reflectivity of the second electrode 120 is between 30% and 35%.
- the blue light transmittance of the second electrode 120 can be limited to be between 65% and 70%.
- the specific structure of the second electrode 120 is not particularly limited.
- the second electrode 120 includes a metal electrode layer 121 and a semiconductor auxiliary layer 122.
- the metal electrode layer 121 is attached to the light-emitting function layer 130, and the semiconductor auxiliary layer 122 is disposed on the surface of the metal electrode layer 121 away from the light-emitting function layer 130.
- the metal electrode layer 121 should have a small thickness, so that the metal electrode layer 121 has light transmittance.
- the second electrode 120 having a light transmittance of 65% to 70% for light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 500 nm can be obtained.
- the thickness of the metal electrode layer 121 is between 3 nm and 5 nm.
- the light emitting diode provided by the present disclosure is a top emitting diode
- the first electrode 110 is the anode of the light emitting diode
- the second electrode 120 is the cathode of the light emitting diode.
- the second electrode 120 of the light-emitting diode has both transmissive properties and reflective properties. Therefore, when the light-emitting diode emits light, the second electrode 120 can enhance the strength of the microcavity formed in the light-emitting diode, but will not weaken it.
- the microcavity is enhanced to a strong microcavity. Therefore, the light-emitting diode can not only obtain a higher color rendering index, a wider spectrum, and a higher light extraction efficiency when emitting light, so that the energy consumption of the light-emitting diode can be reduced.
- the metal electrode layer 121 is made of a metal material
- the semiconductor auxiliary layer 122 is made of a semiconductor material.
- the main function of the metal electrode layer 121 is to conduct electricity and form electrodes, and the metal electrode layer 121 can also provide better light reflection performance.
- the main function of the auxiliary semiconductor layer 122 is to adjust the transmittance of the second electrode.
- the auxiliary semiconductor layer 122 is made of a transparent semiconductor material (for example, indium zinc oxide (IZO)).
- the metal electrode layer 121 is made of a magnesium-silver alloy
- the semiconductor auxiliary layer 122 is made of indium zinc oxide.
- the mass percentage of magnesium in the magnesium-silver alloy made of the metal electrode layer 121 is between 70% and 90%.
- a magnesium-silver alloy can be used as a target, and the metal electrode layer 121 can be obtained by magnetron sputtering.
- the thickness of the semiconductor auxiliary layer 122 is between 100 nm and 130 nm.
- the material of the light-emitting functional layer 130 can be determined according to the specific required light-emitting color.
- light emitting diodes can emit white light.
- the light-emitting functional layer 130 includes a first hole injection layer 131, a first hole transport layer 132, a red light-emitting functional layer 133, a green light-emitting functional layer 134, a first electron transport layer 135, a connection layer 136, The second hole injection layer 137, the second hole transport layer 138, the blue light emitting function layer 139, and the second electron transport layer 1310.
- the first hole injection layer 131 is disposed on the first electrode 110, and the second electrode 120 is disposed on the surface of the second electron transport layer 1310 away from the blue light-emitting function layer 139.
- the green light emitting function layer 134 is directly formed, and then the connecting layer is formed, and the blue light emitting function layer is formed on the connecting layer.
- the peak value of green light is between 520 nm and 535 nm
- the peak value of blue light is between 465 nm and 475 nm
- the full width at half maximum of blue light is between 69 nm and 79 nm.
- connection layer 136 allows both electrons and holes to pass. Therefore, the connection layer 136 can be made of aluminum nitride material.
- the packaging layer 140 needs to be used for packaging.
- the specific structure of the encapsulation layer 140 is not particularly limited, as long as it can isolate the light-emitting function layer of the light-emitting diode from the outside and prevent external water and oxygen from corroding the light-emitting function layer.
- the packaging layer 140 includes a first packaging layer 141 made of tetrafluoroethylene and a second packaging layer 142 made of silicon nitride. The second electrode 120 is attached, and the second encapsulation layer 142 is located on the side of the first encapsulation layer 141 away from the light-emitting function layer 130.
- the first encapsulation layer 141 made of tetrafluoroethylene has a certain light reflection performance, which can enhance the weak microcavity of the light emitting diode to a certain extent, and improve the light extraction efficiency.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light-emitting device, the light-emitting device includes a light-emitting diode, wherein the light-emitting device includes the above-mentioned light-emitting diode provided in the present disclosure.
- the light emitting diode has a higher color rendering index and a higher light extraction rate.
- the specific application of the light-emitting device is not particularly limited.
- the light-emitting device may be a lighting device.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the light-emitting device may also be a backlight source of a display device.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a light emitting diode. As shown in FIG. 5, the manufacturing method includes steps S110 to S130.
- step S110 a first electrode is formed, and the first electrode is made of a transparent material.
- step S120 a light-emitting function layer is formed on one surface of the first electrode.
- a second electrode is formed on the surface of the light-emitting function layer away from the first electrode.
- the light transmittance of the second electrode is 65% to 70%.
- the step of forming a second electrode on the surface of the light-emitting function layer away from the first electrode includes:
- the metal electrode layer is made of a magnesium-silver alloy, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is between 3 nm and 5 nm;
- a semiconductor auxiliary layer is formed on the surface of the metal electrode layer away from the first electrode.
- the light-emitting diode is a top-emission light-emitting diode. Since the second electrode is both reflective and transparent, when the light-emitting diode emits light, the weak resonant microcavity formed in the light-emitting diode is It is enhanced, but it has not been enhanced to a strong microcavity. Therefore, it can ensure a higher color rendering and a higher light output rate, and thus lower energy consumption.
- the semiconductor auxiliary layer is made of IZO.
- the metal electrode layer can be formed by sputtering, and similarly, the semiconductor auxiliary layer can be formed by sputtering.
- the mass percentage of magnesium in the magnesium-silver alloy is between 70% and 90%. between.
- the thickness of the metal electrode layer is between 3 nm and 5 nm.
- the thickness of the semiconductor auxiliary layer is between 100 nm and 130 nm.
- the light emitting diode is a light emitting diode that emits white light. Accordingly, the step of forming a light emitting function layer on one surface of the first electrode includes:
- connection layer Forming a connection layer on the surface of the first electron transport layer away from the first electrode
- a second electron transport layer is formed on the surface of the blue light-emitting function layer away from the first electrode.
- each layer in the light-emitting functional layer can be formed by vapor deposition.
- the green light-emitting functional layer is directly formed after the red light-emitting functional layer is formed, and the two are formed as a co-evaporated layer.
- the manufacturing method further includes: after forming the second electrode, forming an encapsulation layer on the side of the second electrode away from the light-emitting function layer.
- a first encapsulation layer with light-reflecting properties may be provided on the side of the second electrode away from the light-emitting function layer, and the second encapsulation layer may be formed using inorganic materials, specifically After forming the second electrode, the manufacturing method further includes:
- the second encapsulation layer is formed on the side of the first encapsulation layer away from the light-emitting function layer by using silicon nitride.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method (example 1) for manufacturing a light emitting diode as shown in FIG. 2, including:
- ITO silver tin oxide
- a first hole injection layer 131 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first electrode 110 away from the base substrate, and the material of the first hole injection layer 131 is PEDOT (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene);
- a first hole transport layer 132 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first hole injection layer 131 facing away from the base substrate.
- the material of the first hole transport layer is NPB, wherein the first hole injection layer 131 and the first hole
- the total thickness of a hole transport layer 132 is 450 angstroms;
- a red light-emitting functional layer 133 is formed by vapor deposition on the surface of the first hole transport layer 132 away from the base substrate, and the material of the red light-emitting functional layer is Btp2Ir (acac);
- a green light-emitting functional layer 134 is vapor-deposited on the surface of the red light-emitting functional layer 133 away from the base substrate.
- the material of the green light-emitting functional layer is Ir(ppy) 3 , wherein the red light-emitting functional layer 133 and the green light-emitting functional layer 134
- the thickness is 300 angstroms;
- a first electron transport layer 135 with a thickness of 200 angstroms is formed by vapor deposition on the surface of the green light-emitting function layer 134 away from the base substrate, and the material of the first electron transport layer is TPBi;
- connection layer 136 with a thickness of 150 angstroms is formed by evaporation on the surface of the first electron transport layer 135 facing away from the base substrate, wherein the material of the connection layer is aluminum nitride;
- a second hole injection layer 137 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the connection layer 136 away from the base substrate, and the material of the second hole injection layer is PEDOT;
- a second hole transport layer 138 is formed by evaporation on the surface of the second hole injection layer 137 facing away from the base substrate.
- the material of the second hole transport layer is NPB.
- the second hole injection layer 137 and the first The total thickness of the two hole transport layer 138 is 1150 angstroms;
- a blue light-emitting functional layer 139 with a thickness of 250 angstroms is formed by vapor deposition on the surface of the hole transport layer 138 away from the base substrate, and the material of the blue light-emitting functional layer is AND;
- a second electron transport layer 1310 with a thickness of 550 angstroms is formed by vapor deposition on the surface of the blue light-emitting function layer 139 facing away from the base substrate, and the material of the second electron transport layer is TPBi;
- a metal electrode layer 121 with a thickness of 40 angstroms is formed by sputtering on the surface of the second electron transport layer facing away from the base substrate;
- IZO IZO
- a silicon nitride with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m is formed by chemical vapor deposition to form the encapsulation layer 140.
- One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 3 (Example 2), which differs from the above-mentioned method of manufacturing the light emitting diode shown in FIG. 2 only in that the encapsulation layer is formed
- the steps are different. Only this difference will be described below.
- the step of forming the encapsulation layer in this embodiment specifically includes:
- a tetrafluoroethylene layer is formed by coating on the surface of the semiconductor auxiliary layer 122 facing away from the base substrate to obtain a first encapsulation layer 141 with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m;
- a silicon nitride is formed on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 141 away from the base substrate by chemical vapor deposition to form a second encapsulation layer 142 with a thickness of 1 ⁇ n, wherein the first encapsulation layer 141 and the second encapsulation layer 142 are common
- the encapsulation layer 140 is formed.
- Example 1 The spectra of the light-emitting diodes in Example 1, Example 2, and the related art were respectively tested with the IVL test equipment under the condition of 10 current density, and the spectrogram shown in FIG. 4 was obtained.
- the peak wavelength of green light is between 520 nm and 535 nm
- the peak wavelength of blue light is between 465 nm and 475 nm
- the full width at half maximum of blue light is between 69 nm and 79 nm.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 一种发光二极管,包括层叠设置的第一电极、发光功能层和第二电极,所述第一电极为透明电极,其中,所述第二电极包括金属电极层和半导体辅助层,所述金属电极层与所述发光功能层相贴合,所述半导体辅助层设置在所述金属电极层背离所述发光功能层的一侧表面上,并且其中所述金属电极层由镁银合金制成,所述金属电极层的厚度在3nm至5nm之间,以及所述半导体辅助层由IZO制成,所述半导体辅助层的厚度在100nm至130nm之间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的发光二极管,其中,所述镁银合金中,镁的质量百分比在70%至90%之间。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的发光二极管,其中,对于波长为400nm至500nm的光,所述第二电极的透光率在65%至70%之间。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的发光二极管,其中,所述发光功能层包括层叠设置的第一空穴注入层、第一空穴传输层、红色发光功能层、绿色发光功能层、第一电子传输层、连接层、第二空穴注入层、第二空穴传输层、蓝色发光功能层、第二电子传输层,并且其中,所述第二电极设置在所述第二电子传输层背离所述蓝色发光功能层的表面上。
- 根据权利要求4所述的发光二极管,其中,所述发光二极管的绿光的峰值波长在530nm至540nm,蓝光的峰值波长在465nm至475nm之间,蓝光的半峰全宽在69nm至79nm之间。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的发光二极管,其中, 所述发光二极管还包括位于所述第二电极背离所述发光功能层一侧的封装层。
- 根据权利要求6所述的发光二极管,其中,所述封装层包括第一封装层和第二封装层,所述第一封装层与所述第二电极贴合,所述第二封装层位于所述第一封装层背离所述发光功能层的一侧。
- 根据权利要求7所述的发光二极管,其中,第一封装层由四氟乙烯制成,并且所述第二封装层由硅的氮化物制成。
- 一种发光装置,包括权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的发光二极管。
- 一种发光二极管的制造方法,其中,所述制造方法包括:形成第一电极,所述第一电极由透明材料制成;在所述第一电极的表面上形成发光功能层;在所述发光功能层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第二电极,其中,所述第二电极包括金属电极层和半导体辅助层,并且形成第二电极包括:在所述发光功能层上形成所述金属电极层,所述金属电极层由镁银合金制成,所述金属电极层的厚度在3nm至5nm之间;以及在所述金属电极层的远离所述金属电极层的表面上上形成所述半导体辅助层,所述半导体辅助层由IZO制成,所述半导体辅助层的厚度在100nm至130nm之间。
- 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法,其中,所述镁银合金中,镁的质量百分比在70%至90%之间。
- 根据权利要求10或11所述的制造方法,其中,对于波长为400nm至500nm的光,所述第二电极的透光率在65%至70%之间。
- 根据权利要求10至12中任意一项所述的制造方法,其中,在所述第一电极的表面上形成发光功能层包括:在所述第一电极的所述表面上形成第一空穴注入层;在所述第一空穴注入层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第一空穴传输层;在所述第一空穴传输层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成红色发光功能层;在所述红色发光功能层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成绿色发光功能层;在所述绿色发光功能层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第一电子传输层;在所述第一电子传输层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成连接层;在所述连接层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第二空穴注入层;在所述第二空穴注入层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第二空穴传输层;在所述第二空穴传输层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成蓝色发光功能层;在所述蓝色发光功能层的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第二电子传输层,并且其中,所述第二电极层形成在所述第二电子传输层的背离所述第一电极的表面上。
- 根据权利要求10至12中任意一项所述的制造方法,还包括:在所述第二电极的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成封装层。
- 根据权利要求14所述的制造方法,其中,所述封装层包括第一封装层和第二封装层,并且在所述第二电极的背离所述第一电极 的表面上形成封装层进一步包括:利用四氟乙烯在所述第二电极的背离所述第一电极的表面上形成第一封装层;以及利用硅的氮化物在所述第一封装层的背离所述第二电极的表面上形成第二封装层。
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