WO2021000601A1 - 一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车 - Google Patents

一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021000601A1
WO2021000601A1 PCT/CN2020/079771 CN2020079771W WO2021000601A1 WO 2021000601 A1 WO2021000601 A1 WO 2021000601A1 CN 2020079771 W CN2020079771 W CN 2020079771W WO 2021000601 A1 WO2021000601 A1 WO 2021000601A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
motor
torque
braking
electric vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/079771
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘峰宇
应卓凡
刘晓康
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2021527947A priority Critical patent/JP7187695B2/ja
Priority to KR1020217013822A priority patent/KR102585991B1/ko
Priority to BR112021010535A priority patent/BR112021010535A2/pt
Priority to MX2021006676A priority patent/MX2021006676A/es
Priority to EP20834110.7A priority patent/EP3851348A4/en
Publication of WO2021000601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000601A1/zh
Priority to US17/339,543 priority patent/US11400816B2/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B60L7/26Controlling the braking effect
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/746Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive and mechanical transmission of the braking action
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T11/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
    • B60T11/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • B60T11/16Master control, e.g. master cylinders
    • B60T11/18Connection thereof to initiating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58Combined or convertible systems
    • B60T13/585Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders
    • B60T13/586Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders the retarders being of the electric type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/662Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems characterised by specified functions of the control system components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • B60T17/221Procedure or apparatus for checking or keeping in a correct functioning condition of brake systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/171Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/17Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
    • B60T8/172Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • B60T8/4081Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • B60T8/4081Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input
    • B60T8/409Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input characterised by details of the stroke simulating device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/88Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
    • B60T8/92Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means automatically taking corrective action
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/16Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H19/00Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/02Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H19/04Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/065Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423Torque
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2201/00Particular use of vehicle brake systems; Special systems using also the brakes; Special software modules within the brake system controller
    • B60T2201/03Brake assistants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2220/00Monitoring, detecting driver behaviour; Signalling thereof; Counteracting thereof
    • B60T2220/04Pedal travel sensor, stroke sensor; Sensing brake request
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2250/00Monitoring, detecting, estimating vehicle conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2270/00Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
    • B60T2270/60Regenerative braking
    • B60T2270/604Merging friction therewith; Adjusting their repartition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91Electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70Gearings
    • B60Y2400/702Worm gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70Gearings
    • B60Y2400/73Planetary gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/81Braking systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of automobile technology, in particular to a brake booster system and braking method, and electric vehicles.
  • New energy vehicles are a fast-growing vehicle type today. Due to the use of electric motors, the braking system in new energy vehicles is somewhat different from the existing gasoline energy vehicles.
  • the vehicle brake is transmitted through two paths. 1) The braking force generated by the driver stepping on the brake pedal passes through the brake booster mechanism Transmitted to the hydraulic brake system, the brake master cylinder, hydraulic pipes and brake calipers in the hydraulic brake system act on the wheels; 2) The motor brake is controlled by the controller, and the drive motor in the motor brake Reverse torque is generated and acts directly on the wheels through the transmission components to achieve braking.
  • Fig. 2 shows a prior art braking device, which is composed of a brake pedal 1, an actuator motor 2, and an actuator motor 3 connected in series.
  • the brake pedal 1 is connected with the actuator motor 2, and the actuator motor 3 is connected with the brake master cylinder 4.
  • the intermediate shafts of the executive motor 2 and the executive motor 3 are not in direct contact, and there is a gap 5. Therefore, during normal operation, the movements of the two execution motors are independent of each other.
  • the execution motor 2 simulates the resistance of the brake pedal 1, and the execution motor 3 pushes the brake master cylinder 4 to establish hydraulic braking pressure. Therefore, the system realizes the decoupling between the pedal 1 and the brake master cylinder 4.
  • the brake pedal 1 can still directly push the brake master cylinder 4 through the gap 5 between the two actuator motors to generate a certain strength of hydraulic braking force.
  • the two execution motors are connected end to end, the length of the system is longer, and the requirements for the mating space layout and installation size are relatively high.
  • the actuator motor 2 is always used as resistance to simulate the pedal force, and the master brake cylinder 4 can only be driven by the actuator motor 3, which requires high power and torque of the driving motor 3.
  • the present application provides a brake boosting system, a braking method, and an electric vehicle to improve the brake boosting system of an electric motor.
  • a brake assist system is provided, which is applied to a motor-driven electric vehicle for braking.
  • the brake booster system includes: brake pedal, booster motor, analog motor, planetary row coupling node and brake master cylinder.
  • the brake master cylinder is used to provide the braking force of the automobile; the brake pedal, booster motor, and analog motor are used as the input mechanism of the braking force, and the planetary row coupling node is used to drive the brake cylinder to work with the force generated by the input mechanism.
  • the brake pedal, the booster motor and the analog motor are respectively connected to the planetary row coupling node.
  • the planetary row coupling node is used to convert the torque of the brake pedal, the torque output by the booster motor and the analog motor into action The force of the piston rod in the brake master cylinder. It can be seen from the above description that the output torque of the analog motor and the booster motor are simultaneously used as the force of the piston rod of the brake master cylinder through the set planetary row coupling node, so that the output power requirement of a single motor can be improved. In addition, when two motors are used to drive the brake master cylinder at the same time, when one motor fails, the other motor can be used for braking, which improves the reliability of the entire brake boosting system.
  • the planetary row coupling node includes: a planetary gear mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, and a third transmission mechanism;
  • the brake pedal drives the transmission mechanism through the first transmission mechanism.
  • the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism rotates;
  • the assist motor drives the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism to rotate through the second transmission mechanism;
  • the analog motor is connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism and is used to drive the The sun gear rotates; the planet carrier pushes the piston rod to move linearly through the third transmission mechanism.
  • the decoupling of the brake pedal and the brake master cylinder can be achieved by using the planetary gear mechanism, that is, the brake pedal can be in the same position to realize the brake master cylinder can have different braking forces. At this time, the brake master cylinder can be adjusted as required , To achieve electro-hydraulic decoupling.
  • the first transmission mechanism includes a first rack connected with the brake pedal, and a first gear meshed with the first rack, wherein the first gear It is fixedly connected with the ring gear and arranged coaxially.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a worm connected with the booster motor and a worm gear meshed with the worm, and the worm gear is fixedly connected to the planet carrier and arranged coaxially.
  • the torque output by the booster motor is applied to the brake master cylinder by using a second transmission mechanism composed of a worm gear and a worm.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a first bevel gear connected with the booster motor, and a second bevel gear fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the first bevel gear and The second bevel gear meshes.
  • the torque of the booster motor is applied to the brake master cylinder by adopting a bevel gear set.
  • the third transmission structure includes a second rack fixedly connected to the piston rod of the master brake cylinder, and a second gear meshed with the second rack, wherein, The second gear is fixedly connected with the planet carrier and arranged coaxially.
  • the torque of the planetary gear mechanism is converted into the linear movement of the piston rod of the brake master cylinder through the cooperation of the second rack and the second gear.
  • the planetary row coupling node further includes a limiting device for limiting the rotation of the sun gear to a set angle.
  • the planetary row coupling node avoids providing support for the sun gear through the limit device after the simulated motor fails.
  • the planetary row coupling node further includes a return spring for pushing the sun gear to return to the initial position. Push the sun gear to return to the initial position through the set return spring.
  • the brake assist system further includes: a first detection device for detecting braking information of the electric vehicle; a second detection device for detecting the battery capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle Detection device; a control device that acquires the braking demand of the electric vehicle according to the braking information of the electric vehicle detected by the first detection device, and acquires the braking demand of the electric vehicle and the second detection device
  • the battery capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle determine the braking force distribution ratio of the electric vehicle of the electric vehicle and the brake master cylinder; and obtain the first simulation motor according to the obtained braking information of the electric vehicle A torque; determine the second torque of the booster motor according to the first torque of the analog motor and the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder, and control the booster motor and the analog motor to output the first A torque and the second torque.
  • the decoupling of the brake pedal and the brake master cylinder can be achieved by using the planetary gear mechanism, that is, the brake pedal can be in the same position to realize the brake master cylinder can have different braking forces. At this time, the brake master cylinder can be adjusted as required , To achieve electro-hydraulic decoupling. At the same time, after the brake pedal is decoupled from the brake master cylinder, the control device can select the active braking mode or the assisted braking mode according to the driving state of the electric vehicle.
  • the first detection device is a first displacement sensor that detects the position of the brake pedal or an ADAS system of the electric vehicle; the first detection device is the first In the case of a displacement sensor, the braking information of the electric vehicle is the position of the brake pedal.
  • control device is specifically configured to correspond to the position of the brake pedal detected by the first displacement sensor and the set position of the brake pedal and the braking demand The relationship obtains the braking demand of the electric vehicle. Judge the braking demand of the electric vehicle based on the acquired position of the brake pedal.
  • control device is further configured to: obtain the sun according to the position of the brake pedal detected by the first displacement sensor and the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder
  • the rotation angle of the wheel, and the torque of the return spring to the sun gear is obtained according to the rotation angle of the sun gear and the elastic coefficient of the return spring.
  • the pushing of the return spring to the brake master cylinder is also taken into account in the braking scheme, which improves the accuracy of control.
  • control device is also used for detecting the position of the brake pedal according to the first displacement sensor, and the correspondence between the position of the brake pedal and the braking force of the brake pedal Relationship, obtain the braking force of the brake pedal; the control device obtains the first torque of the analog motor according to the obtained braking information of the electric vehicle, which conforms to the following formula:
  • T b_trg i 1 F padel
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear
  • T s is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • T b_trg is the brake
  • F padel is the braking force of the brake pedal
  • i 1 is the speed ratio coefficient of the first gear and the first rack in the first transmission mechanism.
  • control device determines the second torque of the booster motor according to the first torque of the analog motor and the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder, which conforms to the following formula:
  • T c_trg F piston_trg ⁇ i 2
  • T a_FF T c_trg -(a+1)(T m_cmd + T s )
  • F piston_trg is the braking force of the master brake cylinder
  • i 2 is the speed ratio coefficient of the second gear and the second rack in the third transmission mechanism
  • T c_trg is the brake master cylinder to the planet Torque acting on the frame
  • T a_FF is the second torque
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • Ts is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear.
  • it further includes a second displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the piston rod of the brake master cylinder;
  • the control device is also used to obtain the displacement required to move the piston rod of the master brake cylinder according to the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder, and the second displacement sensor detects the displacement of the piston rod
  • the booster motor is controlled to push the piston rod to move to the displacement amount.
  • the closed-loop control of the booster motor improves the braking effect.
  • control device is also used to determine the non-failed analog motor or the non-failed analog motor according to the braking force distribution ratio of the brake master cylinder when the booster motor or the analog motor fails And control the non-failed analog motor or the non-failed booster motor to output the third torque.
  • the other motors can still be used to achieve braking, which improves the reliability of the entire brake booster system.
  • control device can also be used when the electric vehicle is in an active braking state, when the brake pedal is depressed, according to the set brake pedal position and braking demand When the corresponding relationship determines that the braking demand provided by the brake pedal is greater than the braking demand of active braking, the control device adopts the braking demand corresponding to the brake pedal.
  • a braking method for an electric vehicle includes:
  • the first torque and the second torque respectively output by the analog motor and the booster motor act on the piston rod in the brake master cylinder of the electric vehicle to move.
  • the output torque of the analog motor and the booster motor are simultaneously used as the force for driving the piston rod of the brake master cylinder, so that the output power requirement of a single motor can be improved.
  • the active braking mode or the assisted braking mode can be selected according to the driving state of the electric vehicle. When the electric vehicle is in an automatic driving state, the active braking mode can be adopted, and when the electric vehicle is in a human driving state, the assisted braking mode can be adopted.
  • the obtaining the braking demand of the electric vehicle according to the braking information of the electric vehicle includes:
  • the method further includes: obtaining the position of the brake pedal and the corresponding relationship between the position of the brake pedal and the braking force of the brake pedal according to the position of the brake pedal.
  • the rotation angle of the sun gear in the electric vehicle is obtained, and according to the rotation angle of the sun gear and the braking force in the electric vehicle
  • the elastic coefficient of the return spring obtains the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • the sun gear is located in the planetary gear mechanism of the planetary row coupling node in the electric vehicle, and the planetary row coupling node is used to apply the braking force of the brake pedal and the return spring to the sun gear.
  • the torque, the first torque and the second torque respectively output by the booster motor and the analog motor are converted into the force acting on the piston rod in the master brake cylinder. More precise control of booster motor and analog motor control.
  • the decoupling of the brake pedal and the brake master cylinder can be achieved by using the planetary gear mechanism, that is, the brake pedal can be in the same position to realize the brake master cylinder can have different braking forces. At this time, the brake master cylinder can be adjusted as required , To achieve electro-hydraulic decoupling.
  • the obtaining the first torque of the analog motor according to the braking information of the electric vehicle conforms to the following formula:
  • T b_trg i 1 F padel
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear
  • T s is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • T b_trg is the brake pedal Torque
  • F padel is the braking force of the brake pedal
  • i 1 is the speed ratio coefficient of the first gear and the first rack in the first transmission mechanism
  • the ring gear and the first transmission mechanism are both arranged in the planetary row coupling node, the first rack is connected with the brake pedal, and the first gear is connected with the first rack Meshed, and the first gear and the ring gear are fixedly connected and arranged coaxially.
  • the second torque of the booster motor is determined according to the first torque of the simulated motor and the braking force distribution ratio of the brake master cylinder, which conforms to the following formula:
  • T c_trg F piston_trg ⁇ i 2
  • T a_FF T c_trg -(a+1)(T m_cmd + T s )
  • F piston_trg is the braking force of the master brake cylinder
  • i 2 is the speed ratio coefficient of the second gear and the second rack in the third transmission mechanism
  • T c_trg is the torque applied by the master cylinder to the planet carrier ;
  • T a_FF is the second torque
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • Ts is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear
  • the first transmission mechanism and the planet carrier are both arranged in the planetary row coupling node, the second rack is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the brake master cylinder, and the second rack is engaged
  • the second gear and the second gear are fixedly connected to the planet carrier and arranged coaxially.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second displacement amount that the piston rod of the master brake cylinder needs to move is obtained, and when the first displacement amount does not reach the second displacement amount, control all The booster motor drives the piston rod to move to the second displacement amount. Realize the closed-loop control of the booster motor.
  • the method further includes:
  • the booster motor or the simulated motor fails, determine the third torque of the non-failed simulated motor or the non-failed booster motor according to the braking force distribution ratio of the brake master cylinder, and control the non-failed simulated motor or the non-failed simulation motor
  • the booster motor outputs the third torque. Improve the reliability of the brake assist system.
  • the method further includes: when the electric vehicle is in an active braking state, when the brake pedal is depressed, according to the corresponding relationship between the position of the brake pedal and the braking demand set When it is determined that the braking demand provided by the brake pedal is greater than the braking demand of active braking, the control device adopts the braking demand corresponding to the brake pedal.
  • an electric vehicle in a third aspect, includes a vehicle body, a battery provided on the vehicle body, and the brake assist system described in any one of the above.
  • the output torque of the analog motor and the booster motor are simultaneously used as the force for driving the piston rod of the brake master cylinder, so that the output power requirement of a single motor can be improved.
  • the other motor can be used for braking, which improves the reliability of the entire brake boosting system.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of electric vehicle braking in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a brake assist system in the prior art
  • Figure 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary gear mechanism
  • Figure 3b is the equivalent lever diagram of the force analysis of the planetary gear mechanism
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake boosting system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a planetary row coupling node provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a force analysis diagram of the brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 8 is a control block diagram provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a brake pedal and corresponding braking force curve diagram provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 10a is a diagram of the force analysis of the brake boost system when braking by the brake boost system alone provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 10b is a diagram of the force analysis of the brake boost system during the braking of the motor brake and the brake boost system provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 10c is a force analysis diagram of the brake boosting system when the motor is braking according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 11a is a diagram of the force analysis of the brake boost system when braking by the brake boost system alone according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 11b is a diagram of the force analysis of the brake boost system during the braking of the motor brake and the brake boost system provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 11c is a force analysis diagram of the brake boosting system during braking of a single motor provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12a is a force analysis diagram of the brake booster system when the booster motor provided by an embodiment of the application fails;
  • FIG. 12b is a force analysis diagram of the brake booster system when the simulated motor fails according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12c is a force analysis diagram of the brake boosting system when the simulated motor and the booster motor fail, according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 13a is a force analysis diagram of the brake booster system when the booster motor provided by the embodiment of the application fails;
  • FIG. 13b is a force analysis diagram of the brake booster system when the simulated motor fails according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a braking method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of braking mode selection and planetary gear mechanism node reference command calculation provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of executing motor torque command calculation in the brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 17 is a control flow chart of the brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the planetary gear mechanism includes: a ring gear (R), a planet carrier (C) and a sun gear (S), wherein the planet carrier (C) passes through the planet gear (P) and the ring gear ( R) is connected in rotation, and the sun gear (S) is connected in rotation with the planet gear (P).
  • the lever method is commonly used for analysis, as shown in Figure 3b.
  • the ring gear and the sun gear move in opposite directions relative to the planet carrier.
  • the sun gear and the ring gear are arranged on both sides of the planet carrier.
  • the angular displacement of the three parts of the ring gear, planet carrier, and sun gear are respectively ⁇ R (ring gear), ⁇ c (planet carrier), ⁇ s (sun gear), and the force is respectively T R_ext ( Ring gear), (Planet carrier), (Sun gear).
  • the three components have a constraint relationship within the planetary gear mechanism, which can be expressed by the following three formulas:
  • Electro-hydraulic brake decoupling (referred to as electro-hydraulic decoupling): to achieve decoupling control of motor brake and hydraulic brake. Improve the efficiency of vehicle braking energy recovery.
  • an electric vehicle in order to facilitate the understanding of the brake boost system provided by the embodiments of the present application, firstly, an electric vehicle is described.
  • the electric vehicle includes a battery and a motor connected to the battery.
  • the motor is a driving motor and is used to provide power for the electric vehicle. And when braking, the motor can also be driven by wheels to rotate, and the motor acts as a generator to supply power to the battery to recover kinetic energy.
  • electric vehicles also have a special hydraulic braking system, as shown in Figure 1, which shows two different paths in the prior art when a car is braking.
  • the first path is: the braking force passes through the brake.
  • the assist mechanism, hydraulic brake system, and brake calipers act on the wheels; the second path is to directly act on the wheels by driving the motor to generate reverse torque to achieve braking.
  • the brake assist system provided by the embodiment of the present application is a mechanism that uses the first path to perform braking. The following describes the brake assist system provided by the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings and specific
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • the brake boosting system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a brake pedal 10, a simulation motor 20, and a boosting motor 30.
  • the brake pedal 10 is used for the brake pedal structure when the driver performs the brake operation. It is the same as the brake pedal 10 in the prior art.
  • the simulation motor 20 is used to simulate the pedal force of the brake pedal 10 and is based on the stepping of the brake pedal 10 The depth provides different pedal forces, and the booster motor 30 is used to assist in driving the master cylinder 40 for braking.
  • the brake boosting system also includes a master cylinder 40 through which the electric vehicle is braked.
  • the brake pedal 10, the analog motor 20, and the booster motor 30 are connected to the planetary row coupling node 100 to apply force to the master brake cylinder 40, and the master cylinder 40 brakes the electric vehicle.
  • the following is a detailed description of the specific connection methods of the above-mentioned components.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a planetary row coupling node provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the planetary row coupling node 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a first transmission mechanism 60, a second transmission mechanism 70, a third transmission mechanism 80, and a planetary gear mechanism 50.
  • the planetary gear mechanism 50 is shown in FIG. 3a, and includes teeth. Ring 52, planet carrier 51 and sun gear 53. 4 and 6, the brake pedal 10 is connected to the ring gear 52 of the planetary gear mechanism 50 through the first transmission mechanism 60, and the ring gear 52 is driven to rotate through the first transmission mechanism 60, as shown in FIG.
  • a transmission mechanism 60 may adopt a rack and pinion mechanism, which includes a first rack 62 connected with the brake pedal 10, and a first gear 61 meshing with the first rack 62, and the first gear 61 is fixed to the ring gear 52 Connect and set coaxially.
  • the brake pedal 10 When the brake pedal 10 is stepped on, the brake pedal 10 rotates and drives the first rack 62 to move in a straight line, and the first rack 62 drives the first gear 61 to rotate, thereby driving the ring gear 52 to rotate.
  • the brake pedal 10 When stepping on, the brake pedal 10 generates torque to the planetary gear mechanism 50, which is simply referred to as the torque of the brake pedal 10. It should be understood that, in FIG.
  • first transmission mechanism 60 only a rack and pinion mechanism is shown as the first transmission mechanism 60, but the first transmission mechanism 60 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to a rack and pinion mechanism, and other known ones may also be used.
  • the linear motion can be transformed into a rotating transmission mechanism.
  • the axis direction of the booster motor 30 is perpendicular to the axis of the planetary gear mechanism 50.
  • the booster motor 30 is connected to the planet carrier 51 of the planetary gear mechanism 50 through the second transmission mechanism 70.
  • the second transmission mechanism 70 may adopt a worm gear 72 and a worm 71 mechanism. As shown in FIG.
  • the booster motor 30 is connected to a worm 71, and the planet carrier 51 is fixedly connected and coaxially provided with a worm wheel 72, and the worm 71 and a worm wheel 72 meshing.
  • the output shaft of the booster motor 30 is fixedly connected to the worm 71, and when the output shaft rotates, it drives the worm 71 to rotate.
  • the worm 71 drives the worm wheel 72 to rotate and then drives the planet carrier 51 to rotate.
  • the frame 51 generates torque, which is simply referred to as the torque of the booster motor 30.
  • the second transmission mechanism 70 provided in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the aforementioned worm gear 72 and worm 71 mechanism, for example, the second transmission mechanism 70 adopts a bevel gear set.
  • the first bevel gear of the bevel gear set is connected to the booster motor 30, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the planet carrier 51 and is arranged coaxially, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, the same is true
  • the power-assisted motor 30 can drive the planet carrier 51 to rotate.
  • the position of the booster motor 30 can have more choices. For example, when selecting bevel gears with different tapers, the axis of the booster motor 30 and the axis of the planetary gear mechanism 50 can be at different angles, and the selection is more flexible. Or when the axis of the booster motor 30 and the axis of the booster motor 30 are the same axis or parallel, other common transmission mechanisms can be used to drive the planet carrier 51 to rotate.
  • the axis of the simulated motor 20 and the axis of the planetary gear mechanism 50 are the same axis, and the simulated motor 20 is connected to the sun gear 53 of the planetary gear mechanism 50 and is used to drive the sun gear 53 to rotate.
  • the output shaft of the analog motor 20 is directly connected to the sun gear 53 to directly drive the sun gear 53 to rotate.
  • the torque of the analog motor 20 is the torque directly acting on the planetary gear mechanism 50.
  • the axis of the analog motor 20 is parallel to the axis of the planetary gear mechanism 50 but is different, other transmission mechanisms can be used to realize the connection between the analog motor 20 and the sun gear 53, such as a coupling or other common transmission mechanisms.
  • the connection of the analog motor 20 and the sun gear 53 can be realized by referring to the transmission mode of the booster motor 30 described above.
  • the brake pedal 10 drives the ring gear 52 to rotate as described above, and the analog motor 20 is connected to the sun gear 53, and in the force analysis of the planetary gear mechanism 50 shown in FIG. 3b It can be seen that the ring gear 52 and the sun gear 53 are arranged on both sides of the planet carrier 51. It can be seen that the planet carrier 51 is used as a fulcrum, and the force of the ring gear 52 and the sun gear 53 is at the ends of the lever. Therefore, although the force applied by the analog motor 20 and the brake pedal 10 act on the planetary gear mechanism 50 in the same direction, the analog motor 20 can still simulate the pedal force of the brake pedal 10.
  • the axis of the master brake cylinder 40 is perpendicular to the axis of the planetary gear mechanism 50, and the master cylinder 40 is a common hydraulic cylinder in the prior art, which includes a cylinder body and a sliding connection with the cylinder body The piston rod 41.
  • the master cylinder 40 When connected with the planetary gear mechanism 50, the master cylinder 40 is connected with a second rack 82, the planet carrier 51 is fixedly connected with a second gear 81 coaxially arranged, and the second rack 82 meshes with the second gear 81 .
  • the planet carrier 51 rotates, the second gear 81 is driven to rotate.
  • the second gear 81 drives the second rack 82 to slide and then drives the piston rod 41 to slide, thereby driving the master brake cylinder 40 to work and provide a brake that acts on the wheels of electric vehicles. power.
  • the second rack 82 and the second gear 81 serve as the aforementioned third transmission mechanism 80 to realize the linear movement of the planet carrier 51 pushing the piston rod 41.
  • the above-mentioned third transmission mechanism 80 is not limited to the above-mentioned rack and pinion mechanism, and other known structures that can convert rotation into linear motion can also be used.
  • the planetary row coupling node 100 further includes a return spring 90
  • the return spring 90 is a torsion spring
  • the planetary gear mechanism 50 also includes a casing that wraps the aforementioned ring gear 52, planet carrier 51 and sun gear 53 ( (Not shown in the figure), one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the housing, and the other end is fixed on the sun gear 53.
  • the planetary row coupling node 100 further includes a limiting device 200 for limiting the rotation of the sun gear 53 to a set angle.
  • the limit device 200 is used to limit the rotation direction of the sun gear 53 to be opposite to the direction in which the analog motor 20 drives the sun gear 53 to rotate. Driven by the frame 51, it will rotate in the reverse direction.
  • the limit device 200 restricts that the sun gear 53 cannot continue to rotate when it rotates to the set angle.
  • FIG. 7 shows a force analysis diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted arrow indicates the direction of movement of the planetary gear mechanism.
  • the planetary gear mechanism 50 is used in the planetary row coupling node 100. From the above description, it can be seen that the force of the planetary gear mechanism 50 can be equivalent to a lever force analysis. Therefore, the planetary gear mechanism 50 is equivalent to lever.
  • FIG. 7 shows a force analysis diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted arrow indicates the direction of movement of the planetary gear mechanism.
  • the planetary gear mechanism 50 is used in the planetary row coupling node 100. From the above description, it can be seen that the force of the planetary gear mechanism 50 can be equivalent to a lever force analysis. Therefore, the planetary gear mechanism 50 is equivalent to lever.
  • FIG. 1 shows a force analysis diagram of a brake assist system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted arrow indicates the direction of movement of the
  • T b to the brake pedal 10 pairs generated by the ring gear 52 T m is the torque of the motor 20 analog produced sun wheel 53; T a torque assist motor 30 to planet carrier 51 generated; T c is The torque generated by the master brake cylinder 40 to the planet carrier 51; T s is the torque generated by the return spring 90 to the sun gear 53.
  • a is the gear ratio of the ring gear 52 to the sun gear 53.
  • ⁇ R is the rotation angle of the ring gear 52, that is, the angular displacement of the brake pedal 10;
  • ⁇ c is the rotation angle of the planet carrier 51, that is, the angular displacement of the booster motor 30 (or brake master cylinder 40);
  • ⁇ s is the rotation angle of the sun gear 53 , Which simulates the angular displacement of the motor 20.
  • T b a(T m +T s ) (4)
  • T c -T a T b + T m + T s (5)
  • T c T a +T b +T m +T s . That is, the torque applied by the master cylinder to the planet carrier is equal to the torque of the brake pedal, the torque of the booster motor, the torque of the return spring to the sun gear, and the torque of the analog motor. Therefore, the above-mentioned torque provided in the embodiment of the application can be At the same time, the brake master cylinder is made to push the brake master cylinder to brake the wheels of electric vehicles.
  • the above return spring can be an optional device.
  • motor braking and brake assist system braking When the electric vehicle needs to be braked, there are two ways to brake the electric vehicle: motor braking and brake assist system braking. When choosing different braking methods, it depends on the battery capacity of the electric vehicle. When the battery capacity is good, there is no need to reverse charge the battery, and a separate brake assist system can be used for braking. When you need to charge the battery, you can choose to perform motor braking and brake assist system braking at the same time, or perform motor braking separately. The following describes the brake assist system in detail in conjunction with the above-mentioned different working modes.
  • Figure 8 shows a block diagram of the control structure of the brake assist system.
  • the brake assist system provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a first detection device and a second detection device, wherein the first detection device is used to obtain braking information of the electric vehicle, and the first detection device may be a brake pedal detection device.
  • the first displacement sensor of the position or the ADAS system (Advanced Driver Assistance System, advanced driver assistance system) of the electric vehicle, the ADAS system can adopt the existing ADAS system, and the specific implementation method will not be described in detail here.
  • the first detection device is the above-mentioned first displacement sensor
  • the braking information of the electric vehicle is the position of the brake pedal.
  • the second detecting device is used to detect the battery capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle, and the second detecting device may use an existing power sensor or other common sensors for detecting the battery capacity.
  • the brake boosting system provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a control device, which is respectively connected to the above-mentioned first detection device, second detection device, booster motor, analog motor and brake master cylinder.
  • the control device acquires the braking demand of the electric vehicle according to the braking information of the electric vehicle detected by the first detection device.
  • the first detection device is the first displacement sensor
  • the control device acquires the braking demand according to the first displacement sensor.
  • the position of the pedal and the corresponding relationship between the position of the brake pedal and the braking demand set to obtain the braking demand of the electric vehicle.
  • the control device can directly obtain the braking demand from the ADAS system.
  • the control device determines the braking force distribution ratio between the electric motor and the master cylinder of the electric vehicle according to the braking demand of the electric vehicle and the battery capacity of the battery of the electric vehicle acquired by the second detection device.
  • the battery capacity is used as a reference. If the battery capacity reaches the set value, the set value can be 70%, 80%, or At 90%, it is determined that the motor does not need to be charged. At this time, only the brake assist system is selected for braking, that is, the brake assist system provides 100% of the braking demand. When the battery capacity is less than the set value, it is determined that the battery needs to be charged.
  • the control device controls the motor brake and the brake booster system or only uses the motor brake.
  • the braking force distribution ratio of motor braking and brake assist system braking is divided according to the amount of battery.
  • the braking force distribution ratio can be adjusted according to actual needs, and there is no specific limitation here. .
  • the control device may obtain the first torque of the analog motor according to the braking information.
  • the control device can obtain the brake pedal according to the position of the brake pedal detected by the first displacement sensor and the corresponding relationship between the position of the brake pedal and the braking force of the brake pedal.
  • the braking force; the braking force of the brake pedal mentioned above is the pedal force of the brake pedal.
  • the position of the brake pedal and the pedal force of the brake pedal can be set by a set curve, as shown in the three different curves f1, f2, and f3 in Figure 9. The driver can select different pedal curves according to needs.
  • the braking force of the brake pedal is F padel
  • the position of the brake pedal is S padel , then the formula is satisfied: 7:
  • the control device calculates the pedal force that the simulation motor needs to simulate according to the actual position of the brake pedal S padel detected by the first displacement sensor and the corresponding curve in Fig. 9 (ie formula 7), and then calculates the torque T b_trg of the brake pedal, That is, the target value of the torque on the ring gear in the planetary gear mechanism, as shown in the following formula:
  • T b_trg i 1 F padel (8)
  • i 1 is the speed ratio coefficient of the first gear and the first rack in the first transmission mechanism.
  • the control device can obtain the first torque of the analog motor according to the force analysis of the planetary gear mechanism and formula 8:
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear
  • T s is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • T b_trg is the torque of the brake pedal
  • F padel is the braking force of the brake pedal
  • i 1 is the speed ratio coefficient between the first gear and the first rack in the first transmission mechanism.
  • the control device can determine the second torque of the assist motor according to the acquired first torque and the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder. After obtaining the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder, the braking force that the master brake cylinder needs to provide can be determined.
  • the second torque T of the booster motor can be calculated a_FF
  • T c_trg F piston_trg ⁇ i 2 (10)
  • T a_FF T c_trg -(a+1)(T m_cmd + T s ) (11)
  • F piston_trg is the braking force of the master cylinder
  • i 2 is the speed ratio coefficient of the second gear and the second rack in the third transmission mechanism
  • T c_trg is the torque applied by the master cylinder to the planet carrier
  • T a_FF is the second torque
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • Ts is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear.
  • the control device After determining the first torque of the simulated motor and the second torque of the booster motor, the control device controls the booster motor and the simulated motor to output the first torque and the second torque respectively, and brake the electric vehicle through the master cylinder.
  • g is the performance curve of the master cylinder, and the curve corresponding to each master cylinder is unique, and the performance curve can be obtained from the performance parameters of the master cylinder.
  • formula 12 can determine the stroke of the master brake cylinder, that is, the distance that the piston rod of the master brake cylinder needs to move.
  • the brake boosting system provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a second displacement sensor for the displacement of the piston rod of the master cylinder.
  • the displacement of the piston rod is the stroke S piston of the above-mentioned master brake cylinder.
  • the control device is also used to obtain the displacement of the piston rod of the master brake cylinder according to the braking force distribution ratio of the master brake cylinder.
  • a closed-loop control method is adopted for the brake master cylinder to ensure the braking effect of the electric vehicle.
  • the above-mentioned stroke of the master cylinder is used as the reference for the closed-loop control
  • the angular displacement of the planet carrier connected to the master cylinder can also be used as the reference for the closed-loop control.
  • the braking mode of the electric vehicle is divided.
  • the braking mode is divided into two types: an assisted braking mode and an active braking mode.
  • the power-assisted braking mode is the braking mode in which the driver participates, that is, the braking mode performed by the driver stepping on the brake pedal.
  • the first detection device is the first displacement sensor.
  • the active braking mode is the braking mode of the electric vehicle in the automatic driving state, that is, the braking during automatic driving through the ADAS system.
  • the first detection device is the ADAS system.
  • Figure 10a shows the force analysis diagram of the brake-assisted system when braking by the brake-assisted system alone (sub-mode 1)
  • Figure 10b shows The force analysis diagram of the brake assist system during motor braking and brake assist system braking (sub-mode 2) is shown
  • Figure 10c shows the force analysis of the brake assist system during motor braking (sub-mode 3) Figure.
  • the angular displacement ⁇ R of the brake pedal and the displacement of the brake master cylinder can be decoupled (brake pedal decoupling), that is, under the same brake pedal displacement ⁇ R , the master cylinder can be There are different displacements (such as sub-mode 1, sub-mode 2 and sub-mode 3). Therefore, the braking force of the brake booster system can be adjusted according to demand to achieve electro-hydraulic decoupling.
  • the brake master cylinder pressure is the highest, and the corresponding planet carrier angular displacement ⁇ c is the largest.
  • the required braking force of the brake assist system is lower than that of the sub-mode 1, so ⁇ c also correspondingly decreases.
  • the position of the brake master cylinder and the simulated motor torque can be flexibly adjusted, so that the pedal-braking force relationship and the driver's pedal feel are maintained under different working conditions Consistent.
  • Figure 11a shows the force analysis diagram of the brake assist system when braking by the brake assist system alone (mode 4)
  • Figure 11b shows The force analysis diagram of the brake assist system during motor braking and brake assist system braking (mode 5) is shown.
  • the brake pedal In the active braking mode, the braking information of the electric vehicle is obtained through the ADAS system without the driver stepping on the brake pedal. Therefore, the brake pedal remains in the initial position, because the brake pedal is in the pedal limit device (pedal limit device).
  • the position device is a device in the prior art, and it can only be moved on the right side of the initial position under the action of (not described here). Therefore, in this state, the torque Tb of the brake pedal comes from the reverse force of the pedal limit device.
  • Tb is the passive force, which is omitted in the force analysis in Figure 11a to Figure 11c.
  • the brake pedal In the active braking mode, the brake pedal is required to remain in its original position, namely:
  • the embodiment of the present application can realize the decoupling of the required brake pedal and the hydraulic braking force according to the braking demand of ADAS.
  • Figures 11a to 11c show the working states of the brake booster system of the present application in three different sub-modes under the same total braking force demand.
  • sub-mode 4 as shown in Figure 11a, the braking force comes from the brake assist system. Therefore, the braking force of the brake assist system is the largest, the angular displacement ⁇ c of the master cylinder is the largest, and the corresponding master cylinder The torque T c is also the highest.
  • sub-mode 5 as shown in Fig. 11b, a part of the braking force is realized by the electric brake of the motor. Therefore, the braking force of the brake assist system is reduced, and the angular displacement ⁇ c of the master cylinder is reduced.
  • sub-mode 6 as shown in Figure 11c, the braking energy is all realized by the electric brake of the motor, and the braking force of the brake booster system is zero, so the brake booster system remains in place, and the analog motor and booster motor can be turned off Status, not working.
  • booster motor failure During the use of electric vehicles, it is inevitable that the motor in the brake booster system will fail.
  • the control device In the event of motor failure, the control device is also used to determine the third torque of the non-failed analog motor or the non-failed booster motor according to the braking force distribution ratio of the brake master cylinder when the booster motor or the analog motor fails, and control the failure The failed analog motor or the non-failed booster motor outputs the third torque.
  • the following describes the failure of the booster motor, the failure of the simulated motor, or the failure of both the booster motor and the simulated motor with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIGS. 12a-12c show the force analysis diagrams of the brake booster system when the motor fails in the booster braking mode.
  • Fig. 12a shows the specific situation of the failure of the booster motor.
  • the control device calculates the third torque of the simulated motor that has not failed according to the braking force distribution ratio of the brake master cylinder. In the specific calculation, the third torque of the simulated motor can no longer pass through the brake pedal. Force to determine. Instead, the torque of the brake pedal and the third torque of the analog motor are simultaneously applied to the master cylinder to provide the force required for braking.
  • Figure 12b shows the situation when the simulated motor fails.
  • the simulation motor fails, the simulation motor cannot provide the corresponding pedaling force of the brake pedal.
  • the set limit device is used to limit the sun gear to reverse rotation by the set angle driven by the planet carrier. Cannot continue turning.
  • the torque of the brake master cylinder is equal to the sum of the torque of the brake pedal, the third torque of the booster motor and the torque provided by the limit device.
  • Figure 12c shows the failure of the booster motor and the simulated motor at the same time.
  • the limit device can be activated after the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism overcomes the idle stroke of the limit device, so that pressure is generated on the master cylinder only by the force of the brake pedal.
  • the deceleration effect of the planetary gear mechanism which can still perform additional pedal force
  • the magnification of two times can make electric vehicles produce enough braking force to ensure vehicle safety.
  • Figures 13a and 13b show the failure of the motor in the active braking mode.
  • the brake master cylinder is pushed by the simulated motor.
  • the brake master cylinder is pushed by the booster motor.
  • the brake booster system will not generate boost when the simulated motor and brake motor fail, so the active braking function is invalid.
  • control device can also be used when the electric vehicle is in an active braking state.
  • the corresponding relationship between the set brake pedal position and the braking demand is used to determine the brake pedal provided
  • the control device adopts the braking demand corresponding to the brake pedal.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a braking method for an electric vehicle.
  • the braking method for the electric vehicle applies the above-mentioned brake boosting system, and the method includes:
  • the first torque and the second torque respectively output by the analog motor and the booster motor act on the piston rod in the brake master cylinder of the electric vehicle to move.
  • the current electric vehicle braking intensity requirement is obtained by the driver stepping on the brake pedal or the request issued by the on-board ADAS system.
  • the control of the brake assist system please refer to the above description of the control of the brake assist system.
  • the electric vehicle is allocated hydraulic braking force and electric mechanism power, and then the motor and the brake master cylinder in the electric vehicle are determined.
  • the braking force distribution ratio please refer to the above description of the control of the brake assist system.
  • S31 Active braking mode and power-assisted braking mode selection.
  • the driving state of the electric vehicle it is determined to adopt the active braking mode or the assisted braking mode. Specifically, according to the brake pedal position, the braking command of the ADAS system, and whether the driver turns on the automatic driving mode, etc., it is determined whether the electric vehicle should be used. In the active braking mode or the assisted braking mode, the process adopts the existing technology and will not be described in detail here.
  • the control device When switching from the active braking mode to the assisted braking mode, when the brake pedal is depressed, it is determined that the braking demand provided by the brake pedal is greater than the active braking according to the corresponding relationship between the set brake pedal position and the braking demand When the braking demand is applied, the control device adopts the corresponding braking demand of the brake pedal. That is to switch from the active braking mode to the assisted braking mode.
  • the power-assisted braking mode is connected, when the brake pedal is stepped in a relatively small range, the braking power provided by the brake power-assisted system is less than the braking power of active braking, resulting in reduced braking power.
  • the motor braking mode refers to the deceleration of the electric vehicle by relying only on the braking of the driving motor, and the maximum recovery of braking energy.
  • the motor brake and the brake-assisted system may be coupled, or only the brake-assisted system may work (when the battery SOC is high).
  • the control of the above-mentioned brake-assisted system please refer to the description of the control of the above-mentioned brake-assisted system.
  • control logic that can realize the six braking modes is shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 the working conditions of the braking modes listed in Table 1 and the current distribution of electro-hydraulic braking requirements, select the sub-modes that the braking system should work, and determine the control modes required for the booster motor and the simulated motor.
  • Position control refers to the implementation of the motor with the final angle of rotation position as the closed-loop control target
  • torque control refers to the implementation of the motor output torque as the control target.
  • S33 calculates the target value of the master cylinder pressure and the position target command ⁇ c_trg of the master cylinder according to the braking demand of the brake assist system;
  • the braking torque is related to the hydraulic pressure of the master brake cylinder and is determined by the design of the hydraulic pipeline.
  • the calculation of the target value F piston_trg of the hydraulic pressure of the master brake cylinder is based on the prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the hydraulic pressure of the master cylinder is related to the stroke of the master cylinder, which is determined by the characteristics of the master cylinder.
  • the target value of the stroke of the master cylinder S piston_trg can be obtained by looking up the table. This table can be obtained by referring to the existing technology .
  • i 2 is the speed ratio coefficient of the third gear and the third rack of the third transmission mechanism.
  • the pedal force of the brake pedal can be set by the set curve, as shown in the three different curves set in Figure 9, which can be selected by the driver. Expressed by formula 7:
  • the control device calculates the pedal force that the simulation motor needs to simulate according to the actual position of the brake pedal S padel detected by the first displacement sensor and the corresponding curve in Fig. 9 (ie formula 7), and then calculates the torque T b_trg of the brake pedal, That is, the torque on the ring gear in the planetary gear mechanism, as shown in formula 8:
  • T b_trg i 1 F padel
  • i 1 is the speed ratio coefficient of the first gear and the first rack in the first transmission mechanism.
  • the motor torque calculation process of the booster mechanism is shown in Figure 14, and the control block diagram of S41-S43 is shown in Figure 16.
  • a coordinated control method of booster motor and analog motor is designed.
  • the analog motor adopts torque control.
  • the torque command required by the analog motor is calculated;
  • the assist motor adopts position closed-loop control, and the power of the assist motor is given according to the target displacement and the simulated motor torque.
  • the target position ⁇ c_trg of the master cylinder is compared with the actual displacement ⁇ c , and then the reference torque is compensated to achieve stable and reliable control of the position of the master cylinder.
  • the first torque T m_cmd of the simulated motor is calculated: according to the torque T b_trg of the brake pedal and the force relationship of the planetary gear mechanism, the simulation is calculated.
  • the first torque T m_cmd of the motor for details, please refer to formula 9:
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear.
  • Calculation of the second torque of the booster motor Calculate the second torque T a_FF of the booster motor based on the target pressure of the brake master cylinder, the first torque T m_cmd of the simulated motor and the force relationship of the planetary gear mechanism
  • T c_trg F piston_trg ⁇ i 2
  • T a_FF T c_trg -(a+1)(T m_cmd + T s )
  • F piston_trg is the braking force of the master cylinder
  • i 2 is the speed ratio coefficient of the second gear and the second rack in the third transmission mechanism
  • T c_trg is the torque applied by the master cylinder to the planet carrier
  • T a_FF is the second torque
  • T m_cmd is the first torque
  • Ts is the torque of the return spring to the sun gear
  • a represents the gear ratio of the ring gear to the sun gear.
  • S42 calculates the compensation torque T a_FB according to the reference position of the master cylinder and the actual position of the master cylinder
  • the first displacement (actual position) of the piston rod of the master brake cylinder is detected, and the second displacement of the piston rod of the master brake cylinder ( Target position), when the first displacement does not reach the second displacement, the booster motor is controlled to push the piston rod to move to the second displacement.
  • This part of the content can be achieved by comparing the actual position ⁇ c of the master cylinder with the target position ⁇ c_trg of the master cylinder, and outputting the feedback compensation torque command Ta_FB through feedback control (such as PID control) to achieve feedback adjustment.
  • T a_cmd T a_FF + T a_FB
  • the output torque Ta_cmd of the booster motor and the first torque T m_cmd of the analog motor are output to the driver that executes the motor.
  • the simulated motor torque command can be adjusted according to the pedal force desired by the driver, so that the simulation of different pedal force can be realized; the assist motor torque is calculated according to the target pressure of the brake master cylinder and the simulated motor torque command.
  • the feedforward torque command of the motor comprehensively considers the force of the planetary gear mechanism on the basis of closed-loop control, thereby improving its response speed, thereby achieving stable and reliable control of the position of the brake master cylinder.
  • the output torque of the analog motor and the booster motor are simultaneously used as the force of the piston rod driving the brake master cylinder, thereby improving the output power requirement of a single motor.
  • the other motor can be used for braking, which improves the reliability of the entire brake boosting system.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electric vehicle, which includes a vehicle body, a battery provided on the vehicle body, and the brake boosting system of any one of the above.
  • the output torque of the analog motor and the booster motor are simultaneously used as the force for driving the piston rod of the brake master cylinder, so that the output power requirement of a single motor can be improved.
  • the other motor can be used for braking, which improves the reliability of the entire brake boosting system.

Abstract

一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车,该制动助力系统包括:制动踏板(10)、助力电机(30)、模拟电机(20)、行星排耦合节点(100)以及制动主缸(40)。其中,制动主缸(40)用于提供汽车的制动力;制动踏板(10)、助力电机(30)及模拟电机(20)分别与行星排耦合节点(100)连接,该行星排耦合节点(100)用于将制动踏板(10)的扭矩、助力电机(30)及模拟电机(20)输出的扭矩转换成作用到制动主缸(40)中的活塞杆的作用力。通过设置的行星排耦合节点(100)将模拟电机(20)、助力电机(30)的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸(40)的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸(40)时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。

Description

一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年06月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910581690.7、申请名称为“一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及汽车技术领域,尤其涉及一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车。
背景技术
新能源汽车是当今发展迅速的一种车型,由于采用电机驱动,因此新能源汽车中的制动系统与现有的汽油能源车有一些区别。如图1中所示的新能源汽车的制动系统,驾驶员制动踏板踩下时,汽车制动通过两条路径传递,1)驾驶员踩踏制动踏板产生的制动力通过制动助力机构传递到液压制动系统,液压制动系统中的制动主缸、液压管路及制动卡钳将制动力作用到车轮上;2)通过控制器控制电机制动,电机制动中的驱动电机产生反向扭矩并通过传动部件直接作用于车轮,实现制动。
如图2中所示,图2示出了一种现有技术的制动装置,该制动装置由制动踏板1、执行电机2、执行电机3串连组成。制动踏板1与执行电机2相连接,执行电机3与制动主缸4相连接。执行电机2和执行电机3的中间轴不直接接触,有缝隙5。因此,在正常工作时,两个执行电机的运动相互独立,执行电机2模拟制动踏板1的阻力,执行电机3推动制动主缸4建立液压制动的压力。因此,该系统实现了踏板1与制动主缸4间的解耦。此外,在执行电机2失效时,制动踏板1仍可通过两执行电机之间的间隙5直接推动制动主缸4,产生一定强度的液压制动力。但是两个执行电机之间首尾相接,系统的长度较长,接对空间布局以及安装尺寸要求比较高。另外,执行电机2始终作为阻力模拟踏板力,制动主缸4只能由执行电机3推动,对驱动电机3的功率、扭矩等要求较高。
发明内容
本申请提供一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车,用以改善电动机的制动助力系统。
第一方面,提供了一种制动助力系统,该制动助力系统应用于电机驱动的电动汽车中进行制动。该制动助力系统包括:制动踏板、助力电机、模拟电机、行星排耦合节点以及制动主缸。其中,制动主缸用于提供汽车的制动力;制动踏板、助力电机、模拟电机作为制动力的输入机构,而行星排耦合节点用于将输入机构产生的力带动制动气缸工作。在具体连接时,制动踏板、助力电机及模拟电机分别与所述行星排耦合节点连接,该行星排耦合节点用于将制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机及模拟电机输出的扭矩转换成作用到所述制动主缸中的活塞杆的作用力。由上述描述可以看出,通过设置的行星排耦合节点将模拟电机、助力电机的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述行星排耦合节点包括:行星齿轮机构、第一传动机构、第二传动机构及第三传动机构;所述制动踏板通过所述第一传动机构驱动所述行星齿轮机构的齿圈转动;所述助力电机通过所述第二传动机构驱动所述行星齿轮机构的行星架转动;所述模拟电机与所述行星齿轮机构的太阳轮连接并用于驱动所述太阳轮转动;所述行星架通过所述第三传动机构推动所述活塞杆直线运动。通过设置行星齿轮机构与三个传动机构的配合,实现了将制动踏板、助力电机及模拟电机的输出作用到制动主缸。通过采用行星排齿轮机构可以实现制动踏板与制动主缸的解耦,即制动踏板在相同位置可以实现制动主缸可以有不同的制动力,此时制动主缸可以根据需要调节,实现了电液解耦。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述第一传动机构包括与所述制动踏板连接的第一齿条,以及与所述第一齿条啮合的第一齿轮,其中,所述第一齿轮与所述齿圈固定连接且同轴设置。通过采用第一齿轮与第一齿条的配合,将制动踏板的力传递到行星齿轮机构中。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述第二传动机构包括与所述助力电机连接的蜗杆,以及与所述蜗杆啮合的蜗轮,且所述蜗轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。通过采用蜗轮与蜗杆组成的第二传动机构将助力电机输出的扭矩作用到制动主缸上。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述第二传动机构包括与所述助力电机连接的第一锥齿轮,以及与所述行星架固定连接的第二锥齿轮,且所述第一锥齿轮及第二锥齿轮啮合。通过采用锥齿轮组将助力电机的扭矩作用到制动主缸上。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述第三传动结构包括与所述制动主缸的活塞杆固定连接的第二齿条,以及与所述第二齿条啮合的第二齿轮,其中,所述第二齿轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。通过设置的第二齿条与第二齿轮的配合将行星齿轮机构的扭矩转换成推动制动主缸的活塞杆的直线运动。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述行星排耦合节点还包括用于限定所述太阳轮转动到设定角度的限位装置。通过行星排耦合节点避免在模拟电机失效后,通过限位装置提供对太阳轮的支撑力。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述行星排耦合节点还包括用于推动所述太阳轮恢复到初始位置的复位弹簧。通过设置的复位弹簧推动太阳轮恢复到初始位置。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述制动助力系统还包括:用于检测所述电动汽车的制动信息的第一检测装置;用于检测所述电动汽车的电池的电池量的第二检测装置;控制装置,根据所述第一检测装置检测的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求,根据所述电动汽车的制动需求以及所述第二检测装置获取的所述电动汽车的电池的电池量,确定所述电动汽车的电机与所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例;以及根据获取的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩;根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,并控制所述助力电机及所述模拟电机分别输出所述第一扭矩及所述第二扭矩。通过采用行星排齿轮机构可以实现制动踏板与制动主缸的解耦,即制动踏板在相同位置可以实现制动主缸可以有不同的制动力,此时制动主缸可以根据需要调节,实现了电液解耦。同时,在制动踏板与制动主缸解耦后,控制装置可以根据电动汽车的驾驶状态选择主动制动模式或助力制动模式。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述第一检测装置为检测所述制动踏板的位置的第一位移传感器或所述电动汽车的ADAS系统;在所述第一检测装置为所述第一位移传感器时,所述电动汽车的制动信息为所述制动踏板的位置。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置具体用于根据所述第一位移传感器检测的所述制动踏板的位置,以及设定的所述制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系获取所述电动汽车的制动需求。通过获取的制动踏板的位置,判断电动汽车的制动需求。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置还用于:根据所述第一位移传感器检测的所述制动踏板的位置及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述太阳轮的转动角度,并根据所述太阳轮的转动角度以及复位弹簧的弹性系数获取所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩。将复位弹簧对制动主缸的推动也考虑到制动方案中,提高了控制的精度。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置还用于根据所述第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的位置,以及所述制动踏板的位置与所述制动踏板的制动力的对应关系,获取所述制动踏板的制动力;所述控制装置根据获取的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩,符合下述公式:
T b_trg=i 1F padel
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000001
其中,T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩,a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;T s为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩,所述T b_trg为所述制动踏板的扭矩,F padel为所述制动踏板的制动力,i 1为所述第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,符合下述公式:
T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2
T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)
其中,F piston_trg为所述制动主缸的制动力,i 2为所述第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对所述行星架作用的扭矩;
T a_FF为所述第二扭矩;T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩;Ts为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩;a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,还包括用于检测所述制动主缸的活塞杆的位移的第二位移传感器;
所述控制装置还用于根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的位移量,在所述第二位移传感器检测到所述活塞杆的位移未到达所述位移量时,控制所述助力电机推动所述活塞杆移动到所述位移量。对助力电机实现闭环控制,提高了制动效果。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置还用于在所述助力电机或所述模拟电机失效时,根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出所述第三扭矩。在其中的一个电机失效时,仍可通过其他的电机实现制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述控制装置还可以应用在电动汽车处于主动制动的状态时,当制动踏板被踩下时,根据设定的制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系确定制动踏板提供的制动需求大于主动制动的制动需求时,控制装置采用制动踏板对应的制动需求。
第二方面,提供了一种电动汽车的制动方法,该方法包括:
检测所述电动汽车的制动信息;
根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车中模拟电机的第一扭矩;
根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求;
获取所述电动汽车的电池的电池量;
根据所述电动汽车的驾驶状态,所述电动汽车的制动需求以及所述电动汽车的电池量,确定所述电动汽车中的电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例;
根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩;
控制所述模拟电机输出所述第一扭矩,及控制所述助力电机输出所述第二扭矩;
其中,所述模拟电机及所述助力电机分别输出的第一扭矩和第二扭矩作用到所述电动汽车中的制动主缸中的活塞杆进行移动。
在上述技术方案中,通过将模拟电机、助力电机的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。并且可以根据电动汽车的驾驶状态选择主动制动模式或者助力制动模式,在电动汽车处于自动驾驶状态时,可采用主动制动模式,在电动汽车处于人员驾驶状态,可采用助力制动模式。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求,包括:
根据所述电动汽车中的ADAS系统获取所述电动汽车的制动需求;或者检测所述电动汽车中的制动踏板的位置,并根据所述制动踏板的位置,以及设定的所述制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系获取所述电动汽车的制动需求。通过不同的方式获取电动汽车的制动信息。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,该方法还包括:根据所述制动踏板的位置,以及设定的所述制动踏板的位置与所述制动踏板的制动力的对应关系,获取所述制动踏板的制动力;
根据所述制动踏板的位置及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述电动汽车中的太阳轮的转动角度,并根据所述太阳轮的转动角度以及所述电动汽车中的复位弹簧的弹性系数获取所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩;
其中,所述太阳轮位于所述电动汽车中的行星排耦合节点的行星齿轮机构中,所述行星排耦合节点用于将所述制动踏板的制动力、所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩、助力电机及模拟电机分别输出的第一扭矩和第二扭矩转换成作用到所述制动主缸中的活塞杆的作用力。更精确的控制助力电机、模拟电机的控制。通过采用行星排齿轮机构可以实现制动踏板与制动主缸的解耦,即制动踏板在相同位置可以实现制动主缸可以有不同的制动力,此时制动主缸可以根据需要调节,实现了电液解耦。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,所述根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩,符合下述公式:
T b_trg=i 1F padel
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000002
其中,T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩,a代表齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;T s为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩,所述T b_trg为所述制动踏板的扭矩,F padel为所述制动踏板的制动力,i 1为第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数;
其中,所述齿圈和所述第一传动机构均设置于所述行星排耦合节点中,所述第一齿条与所述制动踏板连接,所述第一齿轮与所述第一齿条啮合,且所述第一齿轮与所述齿圈固定连接且同轴设置。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,符合下述公式:
T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2
T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)
其中,F piston_trg为所述制动主缸的制动力,i 2为第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩;
T a_FF为所述第二扭矩;T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩;Ts为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩;a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;
其中,所述第一传动机构和所述行星架均设置于所述行星排耦合节点中,所述第二齿条与所述制动主缸的活塞杆固定连接,所述第二齿条啮合所述第二齿轮,所述第二齿轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,该方法还包括:
检测所述制动主缸的活塞杆的第一位移量;
根据所述制动助力系统的制动力分配比例,获取所述制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的第二位移量,在所述第一位移量未到达所述第二位移量时,控制所述助力电机推动所述活塞杆运动到所述第二位移量。实现对助力电机的闭环控制。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,该方法还包括:
在所述助力电机或模拟电机失效时,根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出所述第三扭矩。提高了制动助力系统的可靠性。
在一个具体的可实施方案中,该方法还包括:在电动汽车处于主动制动的状态上,当制动踏板被踩下时,根据设定的制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系确定制动踏板提供的制动需求大于主动制动的制动需求时,控制装置采用制动踏板对应的制动需求。
第三方面,提供了一种电动汽车,该电动汽车包括汽车本体,设置在汽车本体上的电池,以及上述任一项所述的制动助力系统。在上述技术方案中,通过将模拟电机、助力电机的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的电动汽车制动流程图;
图2为现有技术中制动助力系统的结构示意图;
图3a为行星齿轮机构的结构示意图;
图3b为行星齿轮机构受力分析等效杠杆图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的原理图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的行星排耦合节点的原理图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的控制框图;
图9为本申请实施例提供的制动踏板及对应的制动力曲线图;
图10a为本申请实施例提供的单独靠制动助力系统制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图10b为本申请实施例提供的电机制动及制动助力系统制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图10c为本申请实施例提供的电机制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图11a为本申请实施例提供的单独靠制动助力系统制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图11b为本申请实施例提供的电机制动及制动助力系统制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图11c为本申请实施例提供的单独电机制动时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图12a为本申请实施例提供的助力电机在失效的情况时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图12b为本申请实施例提供的模拟电机在失效的情况时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图12c为本申请实施例提供的模拟电机及助力电机在失效的情况时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图13a为本申请实施例提供的助力电机在失效的情况时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图13b为本申请实施例提供的模拟电机在失效的情况时制动助力系统的受力分析图;
图14为本申请实施例提供的制动方法的流程图;
图15为本申请实施例提供的制动模式选择以及行星齿轮机构节点参考指令计算的流程图;
图16为本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统中执行电机扭矩指令计算的流程图;
图17为本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的控制流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中,在本申请的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
为了方便理解本申请实施例,首先说明几个概念:
行星齿轮机构:如图3a所示,行星齿轮机构包括:齿圈(R)、行星架(C)和太阳轮(S),其中,行星架(C)通过行星轮(P)与齿圈(R)转动连接,而太阳轮(S)与行星轮(P)转动连接。在行星齿轮机构运动与受力分析时,常用杠杆法进行分析,如图3b中所示,在单行星齿轮机构中,由于齿圈和太阳轮在相对于行星架的运动中运动方向相反,因此在等效杠杆图时,太阳轮和齿圈分列在行星架的两侧。如图3b所示,齿圈、行星架、太阳轮三个部运动角位移分别用θ R(齿圈),θ c(行星架),θ s(太阳轮),受力分别用T R_ext(齿圈),
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000003
(行星架),
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000004
(太阳轮)。三个部件在行星齿轮机构内部存在约束关系,可以 用以下三个公式来表示:
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000006
Rs=(1+a)θ c(3)
通过上述三个公式,可以看出,行星轮的受力与运动与杠杆的受力相近,因此用杠杆图来分析行星齿轮机构受力和运动更加直观,等效结果如图3b所示。行星齿轮机构的齿数比用杠杆的长度比表示,如图3b中所示,此外,1:a为齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比。行星齿轮机构的旋转运动用杠杆节点的平动(图3b中虚线箭头的长度),将行星齿轮机构受到的扭矩用水平的受力代替(图b中的实线箭头)。
电液制动解耦(简称电液解耦):实现电机制动和液压制动的解耦控制。提高整车制动能量回收效率。
为了方便理解本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统,首先说明一下电动汽车,该电动汽车包括电池,以及与电池连接的电机,该电机为驱动电机,用于提供电动汽车的动力。且在制动时,该电机也可以通过车轮带动转动,电机作为发电机给电池供电,以回收动能。此外,电动汽车还有专门的液压制动系统,如图1中所示,图1示出了现有技术中汽车在制动时的两种不同路径,第一路径为:制动力通过制动助力机构、液压制动系统、制动卡钳作用与车轮;第二路径是通过驱动电机产生反向扭矩直接作用于车轮,实现制动。本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统为采用第一路径进行制动的机构,下面结合附图以及具体的实施例详细说明一下本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统。
一并参考图4及图5,图4示出了本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的结构示意图,图5示出了本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的原理图。本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统包括制动踏板10、模拟电机20及助力电机30。制动踏板10用于驾驶员进行制动操作时踩踏的结构,与现有技术中的制动踏板10相同,模拟电机20用于模拟制动踏板10的踏板力并根据制动踏板10的踩踏深度提供不同的踏板力,而助力电机30用于辅助驱动制动主缸40进行制动。而该制动助力系统还包括制动主缸40,通过制动主缸40对电动汽车进行制动。上述制动踏板10、模拟电机20及助力电机30通过与行星排耦合节点100连接将力作用到制动主缸40,制动主缸40再对电动汽车进行制动。下面详细说明一下上述几个部件的具体连接方式。
一并参考图4及图6,图6示出了本申请实施例提供的行星排耦合节点的原理图。本申请实施例的行星排耦合节点100包括:第一传动机构60、第二传动机构70、第三传动机构80及行星齿轮机构50,其中行星齿轮机构50如图3a中所示,其包含齿圈52、行星架51及太阳轮53。继续参考图4及图6,制动踏板10通过第一传动机构60与行星齿轮机构50的齿圈52连接,并且通过第一传动机构60驱动齿圈52转动,如图4中所示,第一传动机构60可以采用齿轮齿条机构,其包含与制动踏板10连接的第一齿条62,以及与第一齿条62啮合的第一齿轮61,且第一齿轮61与齿圈52固定连接且同轴设置。在制动踏板10被踩下时,制动踏板10转动并带动第一齿条62沿直线运动,第一齿条62带动第一齿轮61转动,进而带动齿圈52转动。在踩踏时,制动踏板10对行星齿轮机构50产生扭矩,简称为制动踏板10的扭矩。应当理解的是,在图4中仅仅示出了齿轮齿条机构作为第一传动机构60,但是本申请实施例提供的第一传动机构60不仅限于齿轮齿条机构, 还可以采用其他已知的可以将线性运动转化成转动的传动机构。
继续参考图4及图6,助力电机30的轴线方向与行星齿轮机构50的轴线方向垂直,在采用助力电机30的轴线与行星齿轮机构50的轴线垂直时,如图4中所示,可以减少制动助力系统在行星齿轮机构50轴线方向上占用的空间,改善整个制动助力系统占用的空间。助力电机30通过第二传动机构70与行星齿轮机构50的行星架51连接。其中第二传动机构70可以采用蜗轮72蜗杆71机构,如图4中所示,助力电机30连接一个蜗杆71,而行星架51固定连接且同轴设置有一个蜗轮72,且蜗杆71与一个蜗轮72啮合。在助力电机30工作时,助力电机30的输出轴与上述蜗杆71固定连接,并在输出轴转动时带动蜗杆71转动,蜗杆71带动蜗轮72转动进而带动行星架51转动,同时助力电机30对行星架51产生扭矩,简称为助力电机30的扭矩。本申请实施例提供的第二传动机构70不仅限于上述蜗轮72蜗杆71机构,如第二传动机构70采用锥齿轮组。在采用锥齿轮组时,锥齿轮组的第一锥齿轮与助力电机30连接,第二锥齿轮与行星架51固定连接且同轴设置,且第一锥齿轮与第二锥齿轮啮合,同样也可以实现助力电机30带动行星架51转动。在采用锥齿轮配合时,助力电机30的设置位置可以有更多的选择。如在选择不同锥度的锥齿轮时,助力电机30的轴线可与行星齿轮机构50的轴线之间呈不同的角度,选择性更加灵活。或者在助力电机30的轴线与助力电机30的轴线为同一轴线或者平行时,可以采用其他常见的传动机构带动行星架51转动。
继续参考图4及图6,模拟电机20的轴线与行星齿轮机构50的轴线为同一轴线,且模拟电机20与行星齿轮机构50的太阳轮53连接并用于驱动太阳轮53转动。在模拟电机20工作时,模拟电机20的输出轴直接与太阳轮53连接,从而直接带动太阳轮53转动,模拟电机20的扭矩即为直接作用到行星齿轮机构50的扭矩。在模拟电机20的轴线与行星齿轮机构50的轴线平行但是为不同轴线时,可以采用其他传动机构实现模拟电机20与太阳轮53的连接,如采用联轴器,或者其他常见的传动机构。此外,在模拟电机20的轴线与行星齿轮机构50的轴线不平行时,可以参考上述助力电机30的传动方式实现模拟电机20与太阳轮53的连接。
一并参考图图3b及图4,由上述描述制动踏板10驱动齿圈52转动,而模拟电机20与太阳轮53连接,而在图3b中所示的行星齿轮机构50的受力分析中可以看出,齿圈52及太阳轮53分列在行星架51的两侧,可以看出以行星架51为支点,而齿圈52及太阳轮53的受力在杠杆的两端,因此,虽然模拟电机20及制动踏板10施加的力作用在行星齿轮机构50上的方向相同,但是模拟电机20仍可模拟制动踏板10的踏板力。
继续参考图4及图6,制动主缸40的轴线垂直与行星齿轮机构50的轴线,且制动主缸40为现有技术中常见的液压缸,其包含缸体以及与缸体滑动连接的活塞杆41。在与行星齿轮机构50连接时,制动主缸40连接有第二齿条82,行星架51上固定连接有同轴设置的第二齿轮81,且第二齿条82与第二齿轮81啮合。在行星架51转动时带动第二齿轮81转动,第二齿轮81带动第二齿条82滑动进而带动活塞杆41滑动,从而驱动制动主缸40做工并提供作用到电动汽车的车轮上的制动力。其中第二齿条82及第二齿轮81作为上述的第三传动机构80实现行星架51推动活塞杆41做直线运动。当然上述第三传动机构80不仅限于上述的齿轮齿条机构,还可以采用现有已知的其他可以实现转动转换成线性运动的其他结构。
继续参考图4,该行星排耦合节点100还包括一个复位弹簧90,该复位弹簧90为扭 簧,行星齿轮机构50还包括一个包裹上述齿圈52、行星架51及太阳轮53的壳体(图中未示出),扭簧的一端固定在壳体上,另一端固定在太阳轮53。在模拟电机20带动太阳轮53转动时,扭簧发生形变,在模拟电机20停止后,通过扭簧的弹性力推动太阳轮53反向转动并恢复到初始位置。
如图5及图6,行星排耦合节点100还包括一个限位装置200,该限位装置200用于限定太阳轮53转动到设定角度。在具体设置限位装置200时,该限位装置200用于限定太阳轮53转动的方向与模拟电机20驱动太阳轮53转动的方向相反,用于在模拟电机20失效时,太阳轮53在行星架51的带动下会反向转动,当太阳轮53反向转动设定角度时,通过限位装置200限定了在太阳轮53转动到设定角度时无法继续进行转动。
参考图7,图7示出了本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的受力分析图。虚线箭头示意出了行星齿轮机构的运动方向。在行星排耦合节点100中采用行星齿轮机构50,由上述描述可以看出,行星齿轮机构50的受力可以等效成杠杆受力分析,因此在图7中将行星齿轮机构50等效成了杠杆。在图7中T b为制动踏板10对齿圈52产生的扭矩;T m为模拟电机20对太阳轮53产生的扭矩;T a为助力电机30对行星架51产生的扭矩;T c为制动主缸40对行星架51产生的扭矩;T s为复位弹簧90对太阳轮53产生的扭矩。a为齿圈52与太阳轮53的齿数比。θ R为齿圈52旋转角度,即制动踏板10的角位移;θ c为行星架51旋转角度,即助力电机30(或制动主缸40)角位移;θ s为太阳轮53旋转角度,即模拟电机20角位移。
在采用行星齿轮机构时,由上述公式(1)、公式(2)及公式(3)可以得到以下三个公式:
T b=a(T m+T s)                   (4)
T c-T a=T b+T m+T s                (5)
Rs=(1+a)θ c                (6)
由上述公式(5)可以看出T c=T a+T b+T m+T s。即制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩等于制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机的扭矩、复位弹簧对太阳轮产生的扭矩的及模拟电机的扭矩,因此,在本申请实施例提供的上述扭矩可以同时对制动主缸做工,用来推动制动主缸来对电动汽车的车轮进行制动。当然在上述复位弹簧可以为一个可选的装置,在没有复位弹簧时,T c=T a+T b+T s时,即制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩通过制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机的扭矩及模拟电机的扭矩来提供,此时行星排耦合节点用于将制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机及模拟电机输出的扭矩转换成作用到制动主缸中的活塞杆的作用力。
在需要对电动汽车制动时,电动汽车制动有两个途径:电机制动及制动助力系统制动。在选择不同的制动方式时,根据电动汽车的电池量来决定。在电池量良好时,无需对电池进行反向充电,可以采用单独制动助力系统进行制动。在需要对电池进行充电时,可以选择电机制动及制动助力系统制动同时进行,或者单独进行电机制动。下面结合上述不同的工作模式对制动助力系统进行详细的描述。
如图8所示,图8示出了制动助力系统的控制结构框图。本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统还包括第一检测装置及第二检测装置,其中,第一检测装置用于获取电动汽车的制动信息,该第一检测装置可以为检测制动踏板的位置的第一位移传感器或电动汽车的ADAS系统(Advanced Driver Assistance System,先进驾驶辅助系统),其中的ADAS系统 可以采用已有的ADAS系统,其具体实现方式在此不再详细赘述。在第一检测装置为上述的第一位移传感器时,电动汽车的制动信息为制动踏板的位置。第二检测装置用于检测电动汽车的电池的电池量,第二检测装置可以采用现有的电量传感器或者其他常见的检测电池量的传感器。
继续参考图8,本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统还包括控制装置,该控制装置分别与上述的第一检测装置、第二检测装置、助力电机、模拟电机以及制动主缸分别连接。在控制时,控制装置根据第一检测装置检测的电动汽车的制动信息获取电动汽车的制动需求,在第一检测装置为第一位移传感器时,控制装置根据第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的位置,以及设定的制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系获取电动汽车的制动需求。而在采用ADAS系统时,控制装置可以直接从ADAS系统中获取制动需求。
此外,控制装置根据电动汽车的制动需求以及第二检测装置获取的电动汽车的电池的电池量,确定电动汽车的电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例。在具体确定电动汽车是采用电机制动或者采用制动助力系统制动时,根据电池量作为参考,如电池量达到设定值时,该设定值可以为满电量的70%、80%或90%时,判定电机不需要进行充电,此时制动仅选择制动助力系统,即制动助力系统提供百分之百的制动需求。在电池量小于设定值时,判定电池需要进行充电,此时控制装置控制进行电机制动及制动助力系统制动或者仅采用电机制动。在采用同时制动时,根据电池量的多少来划分电机制动及制动助力系统制动的制动力分配比例,该制动力分配比例可以根据实际的需要进行调整,在此不做具体的限定。
在控制装置获取电动汽车的制动信息时,控制装置可以根据制动信息获取模拟电机的第一扭矩。以第一检测装置采用第一位移传感器为例,控制装置可以根据第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的位置,以及制动踏板的位置与制动踏板的制动力的对应关系,获取制动踏板的制动力;其中上述的制动踏板的制动力即为制动踏板的踏板力。而制动踏板的位置与制动踏板的踏板力,可以通过设定的曲线设定,如图9中的三条不同曲线f1、f2及f3,驾驶员可以根据需要选择不同的踏板曲线。制动踏板的制动力为F padel,制动踏板的位置为S padel,则满足公式:7:
F padel=f i(S padel),i=1,2,3…   (7)
控制装置根据第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的实际位置S padel以及对应的图9中的曲线(即公式7)计算出模拟电机需要模拟的踏板力,进而计算制动踏板的扭矩T b_trg,即行星齿轮机构中齿圈上所受扭矩的目标值,如下式所示:
T b_trg=i 1F padel   (8)
其中i 1位为第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数。
控制装置根据行星齿轮机构受力分析及公式8可以获取模拟电机的第一扭矩:
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000007
其中,T m_cmd为第一扭矩,a代表齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比;T s为复位弹簧对太阳轮的扭矩,T b_trg为制动踏板的扭矩,F padel为制动踏板的制动力,i 1为第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数。
在确定T s时,控制装置根据第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的位置及制动主缸的制动 力分配比例,获取太阳轮的转动角度,并根据太阳轮的转动角度以及复位弹簧的弹性系数获取复位弹簧对太阳轮的扭矩。由于本申请实施例中复位弹簧仅起到复位作用,在正常工作模式下,可以近似认为T s为一个较小的恒定值。当然在制动助力系统没有复位弹簧时,则T s=0。
在电动汽车采用ADAS系统实现自动驾驶时,此时制动踏板不会被踩踏下,则根据公式7获取制动踏板在处于初始位置时对应的制动力F padel来获取模拟电机的第一扭矩。
控制装置在确定好模拟电机的第一扭矩后,可以根据获取的第一扭矩及制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定助力电机的第二扭矩。在获取制动主缸的制动力分配比例后,可以确定制动主缸需要提供的制动力。
在确定助力电机的第二扭矩时,根据制动主缸的制动力、模拟电机的第二扭矩及行星齿轮机构的受力关系,根据公式10及公式11,可以计算助力电机的第二扭矩T a_FF
T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2   (10)
T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)   (11)
其中,F piston_trg为制动主缸的制动力,i 2为第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩;
T a_FF为第二扭矩;T m_cmd为第一扭矩;Ts为复位弹簧对太阳轮的扭矩;a代表齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比。
控制装置在确定了模拟电机的第一扭矩与助力电机的第二扭矩后,控制助力电机及模拟电机分别输出第一扭矩及第二扭矩,并通过制动主缸对电动汽车进行制动。
继续参考图8,在确定好制动主缸的制动力时,活塞杆会根据上述行星齿轮机构输出的扭矩动作,形成制动主缸的行程,且制动主缸的行程S piston与制动主缸的制动力之间的关系制动主缸的特性决定,该特性满足公式12:
F piston_trg=g(S piston)   (12)
其中,g是制动主缸的性能曲线,每个制动主缸对应的曲线是唯一的,可以通过制动主缸的性能参数中获取该性能曲线。
在确定了制动主缸的需要提供的制动力后,通过公式12可以确定制动主缸的行程,即制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的距离。
本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统还包括制动主缸的活塞杆的位移的第二位移传感器。活塞杆的位移即为上述制动主缸的行程S piston,控制装置还用于根据制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的位移量,即制动主缸需要运动的行程S piston,在第二位移传感器检测到活塞杆的位移未到达位移量时,控制助力电机推动活塞杆移动到位移量。在上述方案中,对制动主缸采用闭环控制的方式,保证了对电动汽车制动的效果。当然上述以制动主缸的行程作为闭环控制的参考,也可以采用与制动主缸连接的行星架的 角位移作为闭环控制的参考,此时通过检测行星架的角位移与目标角位移的差值,并控制助力电机推动行星架转动到该目标角位移。
为了方便理解本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统的工作原理,下面以不同的制动情况进行说明。首先对电动汽车的制动模式进行了划分,在本申请实施例中,将制动模式划分成两种:助力制动模式及主动制动模式。其中助力制动模式为驾驶员参与的制动模式,即通过驾驶员踩踏制动踏板进行的制动模式,此时第一检测装置为第一位移传感器。而主动制动模式为电动汽车在自动驾驶状态下的制动模式,即通过ADAS系统进行自动驾驶时的制动,此时第一检测装置为ADAS系统。
首先说明助力制动模式,一并参考图10a~图10c,其中,图10a示出了单独靠制动助力系统制动(子模式1)时制动助力系统的受力分析图,图10b示出了电机制动及制动助力系统制动(子模式2)时制动助力系统的受力分析图;图10c示出了电机制动(子模式3)时制动助力系统的受力分析图。
在图10a~图10c中,均满足上述行星齿轮机构的受力分析公式2,根据行星齿轮机构受力分析公式2可得到T c=T a+T b+T m+T s,其中,制动踏板(作用扭矩T b)、助力电机(作用扭矩T a)、模拟电机(作用扭矩T m)以及复位弹簧(作用扭矩T s)共同作用于制动主缸(作用扭矩T c)。制动主缸产生的压力是四者合力。因此同样的助力效果下,本申请实施例中对单个电机(模拟电机或助力电机)的扭矩、功率需求较低。
当驾驶员踩下制动踏板时,助力电机会根据制动踏板的位置,推动主缸移动到相应的位置θ c。根据行星齿轮机构受力分析公式6可得到一下公式:
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000008
制动踏板的角位移θ R与制动主缸的位移(对应车辆液压制动力)可解耦(制动踏板解耦),即在同一个制动踏板位移θ R下,制动主缸可以存在不同的位移(如子模式1、子模式2与子模式3),因此,制动助力系统的制动力可以根据需求进行调节,从而实现电液解耦。
由行星齿轮机构受力分析公式1T b=a(T m+T s)可知,模拟电机根据需求调整力矩T m,从而调整制动踏板处的力矩T b。由公式2T c=T a+T b+T m+T s,可知,同步调整助力电机T a的大小,可以维持制动主缸力矩T c不变,进而保持行星齿轮机构各部件角位移不变(即θ R、θ s、θ c不变)。因此通过模拟电机与助力电机的协调控制,可实现制动踏板的踏板力模拟曲线的电子调节。
在子模式1单独采用制动助力系统制动时,制动主缸压力最高,对应的行星架角位移θ c最大。在子模式2中采用制动助力系统及电机同时制动的模式下,由于有电机制动分担了部分制动力,需求的制动助力系统的制动力与子模式1相比有所降低,因此θ c也对应减少。在子模式3中纯电机制动模式下,电动汽车的制动力由电机回收电能,制动主缸不建立压力,θ c=0。
由图10a~图10c中可以看出,在三种制动模式下,助力电机T a和模拟电机扭矩T m通过控制进行调整,保证了制动踏板受力保持一致,从而保证了不同模式下驾驶员感受一致。
因此,在本申请实施例中可以实现:
(1)、可以选择不同的助力曲线,实现不同的踏板感觉(制动踏板的踏板力模拟曲线 的电子调节)。
(2)、根据电机制动及制动助力系统制动的制动力分配比例,灵活调节制动主缸位置和模拟电机扭矩,使得踏板-制动力关系以及驾驶员踏板感觉在不同工况下保持一致。
(3)、在不同模式下,驾驶员感受一致。
其次,说明主动制动模式,一并参考图11a~图11b,其中,图11a示出了单独靠制动助力系统制动(模式4)时制动助力系统的受力分析图,图11b示出了电机制动及制动助力系统制动(模式5)时制动助力系统的受力分析图。
在采用主动制动模式下,通过ADAS系统获取电动汽车的制动信息,无需驾驶员踩踏制动踏板,因此,制动踏板保持初始位置不动,由于制动踏板在踏板限位装置(踏板限位装置为现有技术中的装置,在此不再说明)的作用下只能在初始位置右侧运动,因此该状态下,制动踏板的扭矩Tb来自踏板限位装置的反向作用力,Tb为被动力,在图11a~图11c的受力分析中,略去不画。
在主动制动模式下,可以使用助力电机或模拟电机单独推动制动主缸,但是也可以采用助力电机及模拟电机让二者同时工作。
一并参考图11a~图11b对主动制动模式下的制动助力系统进行受力分析:
在主动制动模式下,要求制动踏板保持原位即:
θ R=0
根据公式6可得:
制动主缸与模拟电机的角位移关系如下:
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000009
根据公式4及公式6,制动主缸的扭矩与助力电机的扭矩、制动踏板的扭矩、以及模拟电机的扭矩之间满足公式14:
T c=(a+1)T m+T a-T s   (14)
通过上式可以得到,制动主缸的角位移θ c与扭矩T c可以通过助力电机与模拟电机的联合驱动来实现需求的目标值。因此,在制动踏板维持原位时,本申请实施例可以按照ADAS的制动需求,实现所需求的制动踏板与液压制动力的解耦。
图11a~图11c中展示了在相同总制动力需求下,本申请的制动助力系统在三个不同子模式下的工作状态。
在子模式4中,如图11a所示,制动力全部来源于制动助力系统,因此,制动助力系统的制动力最大,制动主缸的角位移θ c最大,相应的制动主缸扭矩T c也最高。在子模式5中,如图11b所示,有一部分制动力通过电机电制动实现,因此制动助力系统的制动力降低,制动主缸的角位移θ c减少。在子模式6下,如图11c所示,制动能量全部由电机电制动实现,制动助力系统的制动力为零,因此制动助力系统维持原位,模拟电机及助力电机可以处于关闭状态,不工作。
在电动汽车使用过程中,不可避免出现制动助力系统中的电机失效的问题。在制动助力系统中的电机失效模式分为三种:助力电机失效、模拟电机失效,以及两者均失效。在出现电机失效时,控制装置还用于在助力电机或模拟电机失效时,根据制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出第三扭矩。下面结合附图分别对助力电机失效、模拟电机失效, 或助力电机及模拟电机均失效进行说明。
首先参考图12a~图12c,图12a~图12c示出了在助力制动模式下的电机失效时制动助力系统的受力分析图。如图12a所示,图12a示出了助力电机在失效的情况的具体情况。在助力电机失效时,控制装置根据制动主缸的制动力分配比例,来计算未失效的模拟电机的第三扭矩,在具体计算时,可以模拟电机的第三扭矩不再通过制动踏板的力来确定。而是制动踏板的扭矩与模拟电机的第三扭矩同时作用到制动主缸来提供制动所需要的力。如图12b所示,图12b示出了模拟电机失效时的情况。在模拟电机失效时,模拟电机无法提供制动踏板对应的踩踏力,在制动踏板被踩踏下时,通过设置的限位装置限制太阳轮在行星架的带动下会反向转动设定角度后无法继续转动。此时,制动主缸的扭矩等于制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机的第三扭矩及限位装置提供的扭矩的和。如图12c示出了助力电机及模拟电机同时失效的情况。此时仅通过踩下制动踏板,可以在行星齿轮机构的太阳轮克服限位装置的空行程后,使得限位装置起作用,从而仅通过制动踏板力对主缸产生压力,这里,由于行星齿轮机构的减速作用,其仍可以对踏板力进行额外的
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000010
倍的放大,能够在使电动汽车产生足够的制动力,保证车辆安全。
参考图13a及图13b,图13a及图13b示出了在主动制动模式下电机失效的情况。如图13a中所示,在助力电机失效时,通过模拟电机来推动制动主缸。如图13b所示,在模拟电机失效时,通过助力电机推动制动主缸。但是在主动制动模式下,由于不踩踏制动踏板,在模拟电机和制动电机失效时,制动助力系统不会产生助力,因此主动制动功能失效。
通过上述描述可以看出,在本申请实施例提供的制动助力系统中,当助力电机失效或者模拟电机失效时,另外一个执行电机可以单独推动制动主缸,因此仍然可以实现助力制动功能和部分主动制动功能。提高了电动汽车制动的可靠性。
此外,对于控制装置还可以应用在电动汽车处于主动制动的状态时,当制动踏板被踩下时,根据设定的制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系确定制动踏板提供的制动需求大于主动制动的制动需求时,控制装置采用制动踏板对应的制动需求。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电动汽车的制动方法,该电动汽车的制动方法应用上述的制动助力系统,该方法包括:
检测电动汽车的制动信息;
根据电动汽车的制动信息获取电动汽车中模拟电机的第一扭矩;
根据电动汽车的制动信息获取电动汽车的制动需求;
获取电动汽车的电池的电池量;
根据电动汽车的制动需求以及电动汽车的电池量,确定电动汽车中的电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例;
根据模拟电机的第一扭矩及制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定助力电机的第二扭矩;
控制模拟电机输出第一扭矩,及控制助力电机输出第二扭矩;
其中,模拟电机及助力电机分别输出的第一扭矩和第二扭矩作用到电动汽车中的制动主缸中的活塞杆进行移动。
下面结合具体的图14详细说明一下本申请实施例提供的制动流程。
S1:检测电动汽车的制动信息;
具体的,通过驾驶员踩下制动踏板或者车载ADAS系统发出的请求获取当前电动汽车制动强度需求。具体的可以参考上述关于制动助力系统的控制描述。
S2:根据电动汽车的制动信息获取电动汽车的制动需求;
具体的,根据电动汽车的车速、转向以及车身姿态等信息以及电池的SOC、电压和温度等对电动汽车进行液压制动力和电机制动力分配,然后确定电动汽车中的电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例,具体的可以参考上述关于制动助力系统的控制描述。
S3:制动模式选择以及行星齿轮机构节点参考指令计算;
如图15所示,具体包含以下步骤:
S31:主动制动模式与助力制动模式选择。
根据所述电动汽车的驾驶状态,确定采用主动制动模式或助力制动模式,具体的根据制动踏板位置,ADAS系统制动指令,以及驾驶员是否开启自动驾驶模式等信息,判断电动汽车应当处于主动制动模式或助力制动模式,该过程采用现有技术,在此不再详细赘述。
在从主动制动模式切换到助力制动模式时,当制动踏板被踩下时,根据设定的制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系确定制动踏板提供的制动需求大于主动制动的制动需求时,控制装置采用制动踏板对应的制动需求。即从主动制动模式向助力制动模式切换。避免出现在助力制动模式接入时,当制动踏板踩踏的幅度比较小时,制动助力系统提供的制动力小于主动制动的制动力,造成降低制动力的情况。
电机制动模式指的只依靠驱动电机制动来实现电动汽车减速,最大限度地回收制动能量。助力制动模式下可以是电机制动和制动助力系统耦合,也可能是仅制动助力系统工作(电池SOC较高时),具体的可以参考上述制动助力系统的控制的描述。
S32:根据电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例情况判断当前制动子模式;
针对本申请提出的制动助力系统,可实现6种制动模式的控制逻辑如表1所示。本步骤根据表1中所列的制动模式所在工况以及当前电液制动需求分配情况,选择制动系统应当工作的子模式,并确定助力电机以及模拟电机所需控制模式。
表1 制动系统不同的工作模式
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000012
注:√表示有相应制动需求,X表示相应制动需求为0。位置控制是指执行电机以最终的转角位置为闭环控制目标,扭矩控制是指以执行电机输出扭矩为控制目标。
S33根据制动助力系统的制动需求计算制动主缸压力目标值以及制动主缸的位置目标指令θ c_trg
制动扭矩与制动主缸的液压压力相关,由液压管路设计决定,制动主缸的液压压力目标值F piston_trg的计算为现有技术,在此不再详细赘述。
而制动主缸的液压压力与制动主缸的行程相关,由制动主缸的特性决定,制动主缸的行程目标值S piston_trg可由查表得到,该表格的获得可借鉴现有技术。
由于制动主缸与行星架相通过齿轮齿条连接,因此主缸行程目标值S piston_trg与行星架位置目标指令θ c_trg满足S piston_trg=θ c_trg/i 2;因此行星架角位移θ c_trg目标值可以由制动主缸的行程目标值计算得到:
θ c_trg=S piston_trg/i 2
其中i 2为第三传动机构的第三齿轮和第三齿条的速比系数。
S34根据制动踏板的位置计算需要模拟的制动踏板的扭矩T b_trg
制动踏板的踏板力可通过设定的曲线设定,如图9设定中的三条不同曲线,由驾驶员选择。用以公式7表示:
F padel=f i(S padel),i=1,2,3…
控制装置根据第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的实际位置S padel以及对应的图9中的曲线(即公式7)计算出模拟电机需要模拟的踏板力,进而计算制动踏板的扭矩T b_trg,即行星齿轮机构中齿圈上所受扭矩,如公式8:
T b_trg=i 1F padel
其中i 1位为第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数。
S4:制动助力系统中执行电机扭矩指令计算;
助力机构电机扭矩计算流程如图14所示,其中S41-S43的控制框图如图16所示。本步骤设计了助力电机与模拟电机协调控制方法。模拟电机采用扭矩控制,根据S3中所需模拟的制动踏板的力矩T b_trg计算出模拟电机所需的扭矩指令;助力电机采用位置闭环控制,根据的目标位移以及模拟电机扭矩给出助力电机的参考扭矩T a_FF,把制动主缸的目标位置θ c_trg和实际位移θ c进行比较,然后对参考扭矩进行补偿,进而实现制动主缸位置的稳定可靠控制。
S41计算模拟电机的第一扭矩T m_cmd与助力电机扭矩的第二扭矩T a_FF
一并参考图17,图17中示出了模拟电机和助力电机的控制流程,模拟电机的第一扭矩T m_cmd计算:根据制动踏板的扭矩T b_trg以及行星齿轮机构的受力关系,计算模拟电机的第一扭矩T m_cmd;具体可以参考公式9:
Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-000013
其中,a代表齿圈与太阳轮齿数比。
助力电机的第二扭矩计算:根据制动主缸目标压力、模拟电机的第一扭矩T m_cmd以及行星齿轮机构的受力关系,计算助力电机的第二扭矩T a_FF
T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2
T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)
其中,F piston_trg为制动主缸的制动力,i 2为第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩;
T a_FF为第二扭矩;T m_cmd为第一扭矩;Ts为复位弹簧对太阳轮的扭矩;a代表齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比。
S42根据主缸参考位置与主缸实际位置计算补偿扭矩T a_FB
在具体实现时,检测制动主缸的活塞杆的第一位移量(实际位置),根据制动助力系统的制动力分配比例,获取制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的第二位移量(目标位置),在第一位移量未到达第二位移量时,控制助力电机推动活塞杆运动到第二位移量。该部分内容可通过制动主缸实际位置θ c并与主缸目标位置θ c_trg相比较,通过反馈控制(如PID控制),输出反馈补偿扭矩指令T a_FB,实现反馈调节。
S43助力电机的输出扭矩T a_cmd
将助力电机的补偿扭矩与第二扭矩相加,得到助力电机的输出扭矩T a_cmd
T a_cmd=T a_FF+T a_FB
S44输出助力电机与模拟电机扭矩;
根据S41与S43中计算的指令,将助力电机的输出扭矩T a_cmd与模拟电机的第一扭矩 T m_cmd输出至执行电机的驱动器。
在S4的控制策略中,模拟电机扭矩指令可以根据驾驶员所希望的踏板力进行调整,因此可以实现不同踏板力的模拟;助力电机扭矩根据制动主缸的目标压力以及模拟电机扭矩指令计算助力电机前馈扭矩指令,在闭环控制的基础上综合考虑了行星齿轮机构受力情况,从而提高其响应速度,进而实现制动主缸位置的稳定可靠控制。
S5:在助力电机或模拟电机失效时,根据制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出第三扭矩。提高了制动助力系统的可靠性。
通过上述描述可以看出,在本申请提供的制动方法中,通过将模拟电机、助力电机的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电动汽车,该电动汽车包括汽车本体,设置在汽车本体上的电池,以及上述任一项的制动助力系统。在上述技术方案中,通过将模拟电机、助力电机的输出扭矩同时作为驱动制动主缸的活塞杆的力,从而可以改善单个电机的输出功率要求。此外,采用两个电机同时驱动制动主缸时,在一个电机出现失效时,可以通过另一个电机进行制动,提高了整个制动助力系统的可靠性。
以上,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种制动助力系统,应用于电机驱动的电动汽车中,其特征在于,包括:制动踏板、助力电机、模拟电机、行星排耦合节点以及制动主缸,所述制动主缸中包括活塞杆;其中,所述制动踏板、助力电机及模拟电机通过行星排耦合节点连接,所述行星排耦合节点用于将所述制动踏板的扭矩、助力电机及模拟电机输出的扭矩转换成作用到所述制动主缸中的活塞杆的作用力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述行星排耦合节点包括:行星齿轮机构、第一传动机构、第二传动机构及第三传动机构;
    所述制动踏板通过所述第一传动机构驱动所述行星齿轮机构的齿圈转动;
    所述助力电机通过所述第二传动机构驱动所述行星齿轮机构的行星架转动;
    所述模拟电机与所述行星齿轮机构的太阳轮连接并用于驱动所述太阳轮转动;
    所述行星架通过所述第三传动机构推动所述活塞杆直线运动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述第一传动机构包括与所述制动踏板连接的第一齿条,以及与所述第一齿条啮合的第一齿轮,其中,所述第一齿轮与所述齿圈固定连接且同轴设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述第二传动机构包括与所述助力电机连接的蜗杆,以及与所述蜗杆啮合的蜗轮,且所述蜗轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述第三传动结构包括与所述制动主缸的活塞杆固定连接的第二齿条,以及与所述第二齿条啮合的第二齿轮,其中,所述第二齿轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。
  6. 根据权利要求2、3、4或5所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述行星排耦合节点还包括用于限定所述太阳轮转动到设定角度的限位装置。
  7. 根据权利要求2、3、4、5或6所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述行星排耦合节点还包括用于推动所述太阳轮恢复到初始位置的复位弹簧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述制动助力系统还包括:
    第一检测装置,用于检测所述电动汽车的制动信息;
    第二检测装置,用于检测所述电动汽车的电池的电池量;
    控制装置,根据所述第一检测装置检测的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求,根据所述电动汽车的制动需求以及所述第二检测装置获取的所述电动汽车的电池的电池量,确定所述电动汽车的电机与所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例;以及根据获取的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩;根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,并控制所述助力电机及所述模拟电机分别输出所述第一扭矩及所述第二扭矩。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述第一检测装置为检测所述制动踏板的位置的第一传感器;所述控制装置还用于:
    根据所述第一位移传感器检测的所述制动踏板的位置及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述太阳轮的转动角度,并根据所述太阳轮的转动角度以及复位弹簧的弹性系数获取所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述控制装置还用于根据所述第一位移传感器检测的制动踏板的位置,以及所述制动踏板的位置与所述制动踏板的制动力的对应关系,获取所述制动踏板的制动力;
    所述控制装置根据获取的所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩,符合下述公式:
    T b_trg=i 1F padel
    Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-100001
    其中,T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩,a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;T s为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩,所述T b_trg为所述制动踏板的扭矩,F padel为所述制动踏板的制动力,i 1为所述第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述控制装置根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,符合下述公式:
    T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2
    T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)
    其中,F piston_trg为所述制动主缸的制动力,i 2为所述第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对所述行星架作用的扭矩;
    T a_FF为所述第二扭矩;T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩;Ts为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩;a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比。
  12. 根据权利要求8~11任一项所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,还包括用于检测所述制动主缸的活塞杆的位移的第二位移传感器;
    所述控制装置还用于根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的位移量,在所述第二位移传感器检测到所述活塞杆的位移未到达所述位移量时,控制所述助力电机推动所述活塞杆移动到所述位移量。
  13. 根据权利要求8~12任一项所述的制动助力系统,其特征在于,所述控制装置还用于在所述助力电机或所述模拟电机失效时,根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出所述第三扭矩。
  14. 一种电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,包括:
    检测所述电动汽车的制动信息;
    根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车中模拟电机的第一扭矩;
    根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求;
    获取所述电动汽车的电池的电池量;
    根据所述电动汽车的驾驶状态,所述电动汽车的制动需求以及所述电动汽车的电池量,确定所述电动汽车中的电机与制动主缸的制动力分配比例;
    根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机 的第二扭矩;
    控制所述模拟电机输出所述第一扭矩,及控制所述助力电机输出所述第二扭矩;
    其中,所述模拟电机及所述助力电机分别输出的第一扭矩和第二扭矩作用到所述电动汽车中的制动主缸中的活塞杆进行移动。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述电动汽车的制动需求,包括:
    根据所述电动汽车中的ADAS系统获取所述电动汽车的制动需求;或者,
    检测所述电动汽车中的制动踏板的位置,并根据所述制动踏板的位置,以及设定的所述制动踏板的位置与制动需求的对应关系获取所述电动汽车的制动需求。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    根据所述制动踏板的位置,以及设定的所述制动踏板的位置与所述制动踏板的制动力的对应关系,获取所述制动踏板的制动力;
    根据所述制动踏板的位置以及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例,获取所述电动汽车中的太阳轮的转动角度,并根据所述太阳轮的转动角度以及所述电动汽车中的复位弹簧的弹性系数获取所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩;
    其中,所述太阳轮位于所述电动汽车中的行星排耦合节点的行星齿轮机构中,所述行星排耦合节点用于将所述制动踏板的制动力、所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩、助力电机及模拟电机分别输出的第一扭矩和第二扭矩转换成作用到所述制动主缸中的活塞杆的作用力。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,根据所述电动汽车的制动信息获取所述模拟电机的第一扭矩,符合下述公式:
    T b_trg=i 1F padel
    Figure PCTCN2020079771-appb-100002
    其中,T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩,a代表齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;T s为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭矩,所述T b_trg为所述制动踏板的扭矩,F padel为所述制动踏板的制动力,i 1为第一传动机构中的第一齿轮与第一齿条的速比系数;
    其中,所述齿圈和所述第一传动机构均设置于所述行星排耦合节点中,所述第一齿条与所述制动踏板连接,所述第一齿轮与所述第一齿条啮合,且所述第一齿轮与所述齿圈固定连接且同轴设置。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,根据所述模拟电机的第一扭矩及所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定所述助力电机的第二扭矩,符合下述公式:
    T c_trg=F piston_trg·i 2
    T a_FF=T c_trg-(a+1)(T m_cmd+T s)
    其中,F piston_trg为所述制动主缸的制动力,i 2为第三传动机构中的第二齿轮与第二齿条的速比系数;T c_trg为制动主缸对行星架作用的扭矩;
    T a_FF为所述第二扭矩;T m_cmd为所述第一扭矩;Ts为所述复位弹簧对所述太阳轮的扭 矩;a代表所述齿圈与所述太阳轮的齿数比;
    其中,所述第一传动机构和所述行星架均设置于所述行星排耦合节点中,所述第二齿条与所述制动主缸的活塞杆固定连接,所述第二齿条啮合所述第二齿轮,所述第二齿轮与所述行星架固定连接且同轴设置。
  19. 根据权利要求14~18任一项所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    检测所述制动主缸的活塞杆的第一位移量;
    根据所述制动助力系统的制动力分配比例,获取所述制动主缸的活塞杆需要运动的第二位移量,在所述第一位移量未到达所述第二位移量时,控制所述助力电机推动所述活塞杆运动到所述第二位移量。
  20. 根据权利要求14~19任一项所述的电动汽车的制动方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    在所述助力电机或模拟电机失效时,根据所述制动主缸的制动力分配比例确定未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机的第三扭矩,并控制未失效的模拟电机或未失效的助力电机输出所述第三扭矩。
  21. 一种电动汽车,其特征在于,包括汽车本体,设置在汽车本体上的电池,以及如权利要求1~13任一项所述的制动助力系统。
PCT/CN2020/079771 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车 WO2021000601A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021527947A JP7187695B2 (ja) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 ブレーキ支援システム、ブレーキ方法、および電気自動車
KR1020217013822A KR102585991B1 (ko) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 제동 부스팅 시스템, 제동 방법 및 전기차
BR112021010535A BR112021010535A2 (pt) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 Sistema de assistência à frenagem, método de frenagem e veículo elétrico
MX2021006676A MX2021006676A (es) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 Sistema de asistencia de freno, metodo de freno y vehiculo electrico.
EP20834110.7A EP3851348A4 (en) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 BRAKE BOOST SYSTEM, BRAKING METHOD AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE
US17/339,543 US11400816B2 (en) 2019-06-30 2021-06-04 Brake assistance system and brake method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910581690.7 2019-06-30
CN201910581690.7A CN112224190B (zh) 2019-06-30 2019-06-30 一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/339,543 Continuation US11400816B2 (en) 2019-06-30 2021-06-04 Brake assistance system and brake method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021000601A1 true WO2021000601A1 (zh) 2021-01-07

Family

ID=74100847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/079771 WO2021000601A1 (zh) 2019-06-30 2020-03-17 一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US11400816B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3851348A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP7187695B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102585991B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN112224190B (zh)
BR (1) BR112021010535A2 (zh)
MX (1) MX2021006676A (zh)
WO (1) WO2021000601A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210142793A (ko) * 2020-05-18 2021-11-26 현대자동차주식회사 듀얼 엑츄에이터로 구성된 자율 주행 차량용 전동식 부스터
CN113978440A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-01-28 合众新能源汽车有限公司 一种新型制动备份方法及系统
CN113734114B (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-09-02 杭州夏树科技有限公司 一种用于电动汽车的辅助应急制动装置
CN113928288B (zh) * 2021-11-25 2023-04-11 中国科学院电工研究所 具有双独立制动单元的制动系统及制动方法
CN114194152B (zh) * 2021-11-29 2024-04-16 帷幄汽车咨询(南京)有限公司 一种新能源电动汽车安全制动装置
CN115123167A (zh) * 2022-06-08 2022-09-30 燕山大学 一种自动驾驶汽车冗余电机直驱线控制动装置及控制方法
CN115140001B (zh) * 2022-08-17 2024-05-03 杭叉集团股份有限公司 一种重装电动叉车电液复合制动系统及控制方法
CN115384469B (zh) * 2022-08-24 2024-01-09 西安主函数智能科技有限公司 基于新能源工程车的气制动和电制动的动态扭矩分配方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706918A (en) * 1995-12-26 1998-01-13 General Motors Corporation Brake apply mechanism
JP2005112025A (ja) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-28 Hitachi Unisia Automotive Ltd 操舵制御装置
CN102050107A (zh) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-11 日立汽车系统株式会社 电动助力装置
CN204567642U (zh) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-19 同济大学 一种差速协调式双动力源电子液压制动系统
CN105857283A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2016-08-17 北京京西重工有限公司 制动助力器组件
CN107226076A (zh) * 2017-05-17 2017-10-03 江苏理工学院 一种基于电机力的制动感觉模拟装置
CN107757591A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-06 上汽通用汽车有限公司 一种电控制动助力系统及车辆制动系统

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4395883A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-08-02 General Motors Corporation Electric brake booster
US6554088B2 (en) * 1998-09-14 2003-04-29 Paice Corporation Hybrid vehicles
JP5003205B2 (ja) * 2007-02-27 2012-08-15 株式会社アドヴィックス 車両用ブレーキ制御装置
US8069662B1 (en) * 2008-10-30 2011-12-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Eccentric cam brake booster
DE102009028034A1 (de) * 2009-07-27 2011-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulischer Hauptbremszylinder
CN103754206B (zh) 2014-01-08 2016-08-17 同济大学 一种机械电子液压制动系统
CN103754208B (zh) 2014-01-08 2016-06-22 同济大学 一种双电机驱动的电子液压制动系统
CN103754209A (zh) * 2014-01-08 2014-04-30 同济大学 一种电子液压制动系统
JP6252519B2 (ja) * 2015-03-06 2017-12-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ハイブリッド車の制御装置
CN104709096B (zh) 2015-03-27 2017-03-01 吉林大学 具有摩擦制动与再生制动完全解耦功能的电动助力制动系统
US9925968B2 (en) * 2015-05-18 2018-03-27 Beijingwest Industries Co., Ltd. Brake booster assembly
CN106585602B (zh) * 2015-10-20 2019-08-30 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 双电机机电制动助力机构
CN105667485B (zh) * 2016-01-11 2018-01-23 清华大学 一种用于汽车的助力制动系统
US10137876B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-11-27 Advics Co., Ltd. Braking control device for vehicle
KR20180094589A (ko) * 2017-02-16 2018-08-24 주식회사 만도 기어 조립체 및 이를 이용한 브레이크 장치
CN206598841U (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-10-31 南京奥特博机电科技有限公司 车辆复合制动系统与车辆
CN107031597B (zh) 2017-04-18 2023-12-29 上海同驭汽车科技有限公司 一种集成式电子液压制动系统及方法
CN108482346A (zh) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-04 吉林大学 一种制动能量回收装置及其控制方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706918A (en) * 1995-12-26 1998-01-13 General Motors Corporation Brake apply mechanism
JP2005112025A (ja) * 2003-10-03 2005-04-28 Hitachi Unisia Automotive Ltd 操舵制御装置
CN102050107A (zh) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-11 日立汽车系统株式会社 电动助力装置
CN204567642U (zh) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-19 同济大学 一种差速协调式双动力源电子液压制动系统
CN105857283A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2016-08-17 北京京西重工有限公司 制动助力器组件
CN107757591A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-06 上汽通用汽车有限公司 一种电控制动助力系统及车辆制动系统
CN107226076A (zh) * 2017-05-17 2017-10-03 江苏理工学院 一种基于电机力的制动感觉模拟装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7187695B2 (ja) 2022-12-12
CN112224190B (zh) 2023-01-13
US11400816B2 (en) 2022-08-02
EP3851348A1 (en) 2021-07-21
JP2022509123A (ja) 2022-01-20
EP3851348A4 (en) 2022-01-12
US20210291665A1 (en) 2021-09-23
KR20210069107A (ko) 2021-06-10
KR102585991B1 (ko) 2023-10-05
BR112021010535A2 (pt) 2022-01-11
MX2021006676A (es) 2021-07-07
CN112224190A (zh) 2021-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021000601A1 (zh) 一种制动助力系统及制动方法、电动汽车
JP5320380B2 (ja) 車両用ブレーキ装置
CN108189826B (zh) 适用于制动能量回收的全解耦式机械电子助力制动系统
CN106585602B (zh) 双电机机电制动助力机构
WO2012118103A1 (ja) ブレーキ制御装置
JP6855832B2 (ja) 車両の駆動システム
US20080302100A1 (en) Electric booster and method for manufacturing the same
US20130041565A1 (en) Vehicle brake control system
CN104309597A (zh) 一种液压式双电机驱动电子液压制动系统控制方法
JP2019031150A (ja) 車両用ブレーキシステム
CN111409612B (zh) 一种电子液压线控制动系统及其电子液压线控制动方法
US20160031422A1 (en) Vehicle brake device
JP2009006756A (ja) 電動倍力装置
JP2012111458A (ja) 電動ブレーキ制御システム
CN106891879B (zh) 车辆复合制动系统与车辆
JP2009154814A (ja) 電動倍力装置
JP2013010372A (ja) 制動力制御装置
JP2015093586A (ja) 車両用制動制御装置
JPH11301461A (ja) ブレーキ装置
JP5185971B2 (ja) ブレーキペダル機構
JP7047437B2 (ja) 車両の制動制御装置
JP7200567B2 (ja) 車両の制動制御装置
JP4941836B2 (ja) 電動倍力装置
CN115968459A (zh) 制动装置
CN209972423U (zh) 一种可控式踏板感觉模拟器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20834110

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2020834110

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20210414

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20217013822

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021527947

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: BR

Ref legal event code: B01A

Ref document number: 112021010535

Country of ref document: BR

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 112021010535

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20210531