WO2020253436A1 - 一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件 - Google Patents
一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020253436A1 WO2020253436A1 PCT/CN2020/090807 CN2020090807W WO2020253436A1 WO 2020253436 A1 WO2020253436 A1 WO 2020253436A1 CN 2020090807 W CN2020090807 W CN 2020090807W WO 2020253436 A1 WO2020253436 A1 WO 2020253436A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- bearing
- gauge
- hole
- retaining ring
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F7/00—Rail vehicles equipped for use on tracks of different width
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/02—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
- B60B35/10—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track
- B60B35/1036—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track operated with power assistance
- B60B35/1045—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track operated with power assistance electrically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/02—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
- B60B35/10—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track
- B60B35/1072—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track by transversally movable elements
- B60B35/1081—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque adjustable for varying track by transversally movable elements the element is a wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/30—Increase in
- B60B2900/351—Increase in versatility, e.g. usable for different purposes or different arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of track gauge change of rail vehicles, in particular to a movable disc assembly for a gauge change wheel set.
- the existing rail-change structures are all passive, and the rail-change actions of the wheels need to be completed with the help of external auxiliary facilities, and the efficiency is low.
- the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a moving disc assembly for a gauge-changeable wheelset, so as to solve the problem that the existing track-change structures are all passive, and the track-change action of the wheels needs to be completed with external auxiliary facilities, and the efficiency is low.
- Technical issues are to provide a moving disc assembly for a gauge-changeable wheelset, so as to solve the problem that the existing track-change structures are all passive, and the track-change action of the wheels needs to be completed with external auxiliary facilities, and the efficiency is low.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a moving disc assembly for a gauge-variable wheel set, which includes:
- a mobile disk the mobile disk is provided with a central through hole and a connecting hole located outside the central through hole;
- a bearing the outer ring of the bearing is fastened in the central through hole, and the inner ring of the bearing is used to be fixedly sleeved on the outer hub of the wheel.
- the movable plate is provided with two connecting holes symmetrically with respect to the central through hole, and the connecting holes are used to connect a lateral drive mechanism that drives the wheel to move.
- rubber nodes are provided in the connecting holes
- the lateral drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder
- the extension end of the electric cylinder is provided with a positioning boss and an external thread; the extension The end passes through the rubber node and the positioning boss abuts against one end surface of the connecting hole, and is screwed on the external thread with a nut so that the nut abuts against the other end surface of the connecting hole .
- the movable plate is in a rhombus-like shape, and the rhombus-like shapes are arranged at the top corners to be arcs that are transitionally connected to adjacent sides, and the two connecting holes are respectively arranged in the Move the opposite corners of the plate.
- the bearing is a four-point angular contact ball bearing.
- a movable disk retaining ring is provided on the side of the movable disk close to the wheel; the bearing outer retaining ring and the bearing inner retaining ring are respectively provided on the side of the movable disk away from the wheel.
- the moving disk retaining ring and the bearing outer retaining ring are both connected to the movable disk by bolts and nuts; the bearing inner retaining ring is fixed on the outer hub of the wheel by screws.
- a gap is left between the inner retaining ring of the bearing and the outer retaining ring of the bearing.
- the thickness of the rubber node is less than or equal to the axial length of the connecting hole.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the present invention provides a movable disc assembly for a gauge-variable wheel set, which has a simple structure, can be fastened to the wheel, and occupies a small space on the wheel.
- the bearing can ensure that the movable disc remains stationary when the wheel rotates; and the overall transmission Large torque and high reliability.
- the lateral drive mechanism pushes or pulls the moving plate to drive the wheels to move laterally, which makes the lateral movement of the wheels more stable, reduces the wear between the wheel axles, and improves the reliability of the gauge change; and makes the ground track change facilities relatively simple .
- the track change signal is output by the vehicle control system, which improves the reliability and efficiency of track change action.
- FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a movable disk assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the movable disk assembly of the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the movable disc assembly and the wheel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic diagram showing the outer hub of the wheel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the inner hub of the wheel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a variable gauge wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an axial cross-sectional view of a display lateral drive mechanism of a gauge-changeable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an axial cross-sectional view of a display locking mechanism for a gauge-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 8.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction electromagnet in the locking mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a dust cover in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective schematic view of another angle of the dust cover in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a moving plate assembly for a gauge-variable wheelset, which includes a moving plate 8, which is provided with a central through hole and a central through hole.
- the connecting hole 81 outside the hole;
- the outer ring of the bearing is fastened in the central through hole, that is, the outer ring of the bearing and the central through hole are in interference fit, and the inner ring of the bearing is used to be fixedly sleeved on the outer hub of the wheel.
- the inner ring of the bearing and the outer hub of the wheel have an interference fit to ensure that the moving disc 8 remains relatively stationary when the axle 5 rotates.
- the bearing here needs to be able to withstand large bidirectional axial force, but basically does not withstand radial force, the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 is preferably used.
- the limiting speed of the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 should not be less than (r/min), where D is the diameter of the wheel 4 (unit: mm).
- the width (axial) of the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 should be kept at about 45mm, and its thickness (radial) should be as small as possible under the premise of meeting the conditions.
- the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 does not have an axial travel system.
- the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 mainly bears two-way axial forces, so two-way retaining rings should be used on the inside and outside.
- the moving plate 8 is provided with two connecting holes 82 symmetrically about the central through hole, and the connecting holes 82 are used to connect the driving wheels to move.
- Each transverse drive mechanism 1 includes two electric cylinders 11 fixed in parallel on the axle box body 7. The two electric cylinders 11 are separately arranged on both sides of the hub of the wheel 4, and the electric cylinder 11 extends The end passes through the connecting hole 82, and the extension end of the electric cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole 82 by a fastener, so that when the extension end of the electric cylinder 11 moves, the wheel 4 can be driven to move synchronously .
- the connecting hole 82 is provided with a rubber node, that is, a rubber bushing, and the thickness of the rubber node is less than or equal to the axis of the connecting hole 82.
- the longitudinal length, that is, the rubber node cannot protrude beyond the connecting hole 82, so as not to affect the accuracy of the electric cylinder 11 in the lateral direction.
- the protruding end of the electric cylinder 11 is provided with a positioning boss and an external thread; the protruding end passes through the rubber node and the positioning boss abuts against one end surface of the connecting hole 82, using a nut 12 Screw on the external thread and make the nut 12 abut against the other end surface of the connecting hole 82, so that the two are connected firmly, so as to ensure that the protruding end of the electric cylinder 11 is connected to the connecting hole 82.
- the electric cylinder 11 pushes the moving plate 8 to move away from the axle box body 7, and the moving plate 8 drives the wheels 4 to move at the same time; realizing a wide gauge and a narrow gauge.
- the electric cylinder 11 pulls the moving plate 8 to move in the direction of the axle box body 7, and the moving plate 8 drives the wheels 4 to move at the same time, realizing a narrow gauge and widening the gauge.
- the movable plate 8 in order to reduce the weight, is arranged in a rhombus-like shape, and the rhombus-like shapes are arranged at the top corners in an arc shape transitionally connected with adjacent sides to avoid forming sharp corners. And reduce the use safety, and can avoid the formation of stress concentration at the source of sharp corners.
- the two connecting holes 82 are respectively provided at a pair of opposite corners on the movable plate 8. Since the connecting holes 82 are not needed at the other pair of corners, the pair of corners can be set to be connected to the movable plate 8.
- the arc surface matches the outer circumference of the central through hole to further reduce the weight of the movable plate 8 and save materials and installation space of the movable plate 8, leaving space for the installation of other components.
- the movable disk 8 is provided with a movable disk retaining ring 81 on the side close to the wheel; the movable disk retaining ring 81 extends from the movable disk 8 into the central through hole.
- the outer ring of the bearing close to the wheel is shielded by the movable disc retaining ring 81, and the inner ring of the bearing near the wheel is shielded by the boss formed on the hub of the wheel; the movable disc is away from the wheel
- An outer bearing ring and an inner bearing ring are respectively provided on one side to seal the inner and outer sides of the bearing to prevent debris and dust from entering the bearing and affecting the accuracy and service life of the bearing.
- both the movable disk retaining ring 81 and the bearing outer retaining ring 92 can pass through the movable disk retaining ring 81 and the movable disk 8 by using bolts 10 , And use the bolt 10 to pass through the bearing outer retaining ring 92 and the moving disk 8, and screw nuts to make the movable disk retaining ring 81 and the bearing outer retaining ring 92 tightly connected with the moving disk 8; the bearing inner retaining ring 91 It can be fixed on the outer hub of the wheel by screws 43.
- a plurality of threaded holes 42 can be provided on the end surface of the outer hub of the wheel, and the screws 43 can be used to pass through the bearing inner retaining ring 91 and the threaded holes 42 one by one. Correspondingly, fix the bearing inner retaining ring 91 on the wheel.
- the gauge-variable wheelset includes wheels 4 and axles 5.
- the wheels 4 are arranged at both ends of the axle 5 and are connected to the axle 5 by splines, specifically Ground, the inner circumference of the wheel 4 is provided with internal splines, and the axle 5 is provided with external splines.
- the wheel 4 and the axle 5 are connected by the internal splines and the external splines to evenly distribute the torque on the inner circumference of the wheel 4.
- the wheel 4 is also convenient for the wheel 4 to slide along the axle 5 to realize the gauge change; the two ends of the axle 5 located outside the wheel 4 are respectively supported in the axle box body 7, and the axle box body 7 provides support for the wheel set
- the hub of the wheel 4 extends to the outer side of the wheel 4 and to the inner side of the wheel 4, respectively, to form an outer hub and an inner hub to facilitate the installation of the matching components.
- a pair of brake discs 2 are also provided on the axle 5 between the two wheels 4, which are used to cooperate with the brake calipers on the bogie, and are used to decelerate or brake the train.
- the gauge-changeable wheelset of this embodiment further includes:
- the moving disc 8 is fastened and sleeved on the outer hub of the wheel 4 through the bearing, and the lateral drive mechanism 1 is arranged on the outer side of the moving plate 8; the moving plate 8 is pushed or pulled by the lateral drive mechanism 1 to drive the wheel 4 to move, so that the wheel 4 can change the gauge.
- the lateral drive mechanism 1 pushes or pulls the moving plate 8 to realize the lateral movement of the wheels 4, so that the lateral movement of the wheels 4 is more stable, the wear between the wheel axles can be reduced, and the reliability of the gauge change is improved.
- the gauge-changeable wheel set of this embodiment also includes a locking mechanism 3 respectively arranged on the inner side of each wheel 4.
- the locking mechanism 3 includes a traction electromagnet 32.
- the traction electromagnet 32 includes a traction coil 32-1 and a moving iron core 32-2 driven by the traction coil 32-1, as shown in FIG.
- the inner hub of the wheel 4 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 41 at intervals along the axial direction.
- the position of the traction coil 32-1 is fixed, and the movable iron core 32-2 points to the position where one of the locking holes 41 is located.
- the axis of the movable iron core 32-2 and the axis of the locking hole 41 are arranged coaxially, and the movable iron The core 32-2 can extend into or out of the corresponding locking hole 41.
- the moving iron core 32-2 is located in the locking hole 41 of the corresponding gauge, and the two are locked.
- the wheel 4 needs to be unlocked first.
- the traction coil 32-1 is energized, and the movable iron core 32-2 is moved towards the direction close to the traction coil 32-1 under the action of the magnetic force of the traction coil 32-1. 2 Shrink and leave the locking hole 41 to realize unlocking.
- the lateral drive mechanism 1 is fixed on the axle box body 7.
- the lateral drive mechanism 1 includes an electric cylinder 11, and the extended end of the electric cylinder 11 is used to push or pull the unlocked wheel 4 to realize the wheel 4
- the traction coil 32-1 is powered off, the magnetic field force of the traction coil 32-1 on the moving iron core 32-2 disappears, and the moving iron core 32-2 faces away from the traction coil 32 under the action of external force.
- Move in the direction of -1 that is, move toward the direction close to the locking hole 41, and insert it into the locking hole 41 to lock again.
- the locking and unlocking of the wheels 4 are directly realized by the traction electromagnet 32, and there is no need to additionally provide a structure for auxiliary locking and unlocking on the ground rail transfer facility, which simplifies the structure of the ground rail transfer facility and makes the structure of the ground rail transfer facility It has become relatively simple and more reliable.
- the electric cylinder 11 of the lateral drive mechanism 1 pushes or pulls the wheels 4 to realize the change of the gauge of the wheels 4; the lateral movement of the wheels 4 is made more stable, the wear between the wheel axles can be reduced, and the reliability of the gauge-variable wheelset is improved.
- the locking mechanism 3 further includes a sleeve 31 and a locking pin 33.
- the sleeve 31 transmits the wheel 4 through an interference fit with the axle 5. The lateral force.
- the sleeve 31 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve sleeved with the first sleeve;
- the first sleeve includes a first end cover and a circumferential direction along the first end cover
- a first cylinder extending toward the wheel 4 side, the first end cover is provided with an axial through hole, and the first end cover is fastened and sleeved on the axle 5 through the axial through hole, That is to say, the first end cover is in interference fit with the axle 5, and the second sleeve includes a second end cover integrally connected with the circumferential direction of the first cylinder and along the circumferential direction of the second end cover.
- a second cylinder extending toward the side of the wheel 4;
- the inner hub of the wheel 4 extends into the first cylinder, the first cylinder is provided with a through hole for the movable iron core 32-2 to pass through, and one of the inner hubs of the wheel 4 is locked
- the hole 41 is opposite to the position of the through hole.
- the inner hub of the wheel 4 moves relative to the first cylinder until it moves to another locking hole 41 opposite to the position of the through hole.
- One locking hole 41" and “the other locking hole 41" are corresponding to the gauge;
- the traction electromagnet 32 further includes a housing, the housing is fixed on the inner side wall of the second end cover, and the traction coil 32-1 is arranged at the In the housing, one end of the movable iron core 32-2 passes through the traction coil 32-1, the other end of the movable iron core 32-2 is fixedly connected to the locking pin 33, and the locking pin 33 can It is fixedly connected to the end of the moving iron core 32-2 by connecting parts such as bolts and screws; the moving iron core 32-2 drives the locking pin 33 to pass through the through hole and located at the locking of the corresponding gauge.
- the wheel 4 is locked in the hole 41, and the locking pin 33 is driven to leave the locking hole 41 through the movable iron core 32-2 to unlock the wheel 4, and the locking and unlocking reliability is high , And easy to operate.
- the inner hub of the wheel 4 is provided with multiple rows of the locking holes 41 in the circumferential direction, and each row of the locking holes 41 includes A plurality of the locking holes 41 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and the distance between two adjacent locking holes 41 is equal to half of the required gauge change; when the gauge is changed, the wheels 4 at both ends of the axle 5 Moving at the same time, the two wheels 4 each move half the distance of the required gauge change, then the total moving distance is the required gauge change distance, for example, from standard gauge to narrow gauge or wide gauge; or Narrow gauge or wide gauge becomes standard gauge, which can be selected according to specific needs.
- the traction electromagnet 32 further includes sucker coils respectively arranged on opposite sides of the movable iron core 32-2 34, and the lock pin 35 matched with each of the sucker coils 34, the movable iron core 32-2 is provided with two annular lock grooves at an axial interval, one of which is opposite to the lock pin 35,
- the lock pin 35 is used to insert into one of the annular lock grooves to fix the movable iron core 32-2 in the unlocked position or the locked position, that is, when the movable iron core 32-2 is inserted into the through hole and the lock After tightening the hole 41, the lock pin 35 is inserted into the corresponding annular lock groove to fix the movable iron core 32-2 in the locking position to improve the reliability of the locking.
- the lock pin 35 is T-shaped, and the position where the suction cup coil 34 is installed on the lock pin 35 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the large end of the lock pin 35.
- the lock pin 35 moves in the axial direction.
- One end of the lock pin 35 outside the cavity is provided with an annular boss, the lock pin 35 is sleeved with a first spring, and one end of the first spring.
- the suction cup coil 34 is energized, the lock pin 35 is attracted by the magnetic force of the suction cup coil 34 and overcomes the first spring.
- the elastic force of moves in the direction away from the moving iron core 32-2 until it leaves the moving iron core 32-2. At this time, the moving iron core 32-2 can be unlocked or locked.
- the sucker coil 34 When the unlocking or locking is completed, the sucker coil 34 When the power is turned off, the lock pin 35 is reinserted into the corresponding annular lock groove under the spring restoring force of the first spring, and the movable iron core 32-2 is positioned in the unlocked or locked state.
- a second spring is sleeved on one end of the movable iron core 32-2 located outside the housing, one end of the second spring abuts against the outside of the housing, and the other end of the second spring abuts against
- the movable iron core 32-2 can be quickly reset after the traction coil 32-1 is powered off by the second spring.
- the action process of the traction electromagnet 32 is as follows: first, the sucker coil 34 is energized, and the sucking lock pin 35 overcomes the spring force to make the lock pin 35 protrude from the annular lock groove of the moving iron core 32-2.
- the lock pin 35 is 3mm deep into the annular groove of the movable iron core 32-2, that is, the suction surface of the lock pin 35 is 3mm away from the suction cup, and the magnetic force in the 3mm air gap is relatively large, so a miniature suction cup can be used.
- the traction coil 32-1 is energized, and the moving iron core 32-2 drives the locking pin 33 to move out of the locking hole 41, and the wheel 4 is unlocked.
- the suction cup coil 34 is powered off first, and the lock pin 35 is stuck in the annular lock groove at the lower end of the moving iron core 32-2 to keep the moving iron core 32-2 in the unlocked position of the wheel 4.
- the traction coil 32-1 is de-energized, which can prevent the coil from being energized for a long time and burned.
- the sucker coil 34 is energized, the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked, moves downward under the action of the second spring restoring force, and drives the wheel 4 locking pin 33 to move down to the wheel 4 hub In the locking hole 41, the wheel 4 is locked again, the suction cup coil 34 is de-energized, and the locking pin 35 clamps the moving iron core 32-2 to prevent it from driving the locking pin 33 of the wheel 4 to move radially under the action of centrifugal force, thereby causing the wheel to move radially. 4Unlock.
- the operating voltage of the AC electromagnet is generally AC 220V, the temperature rises during operation.
- the moving iron core 32-2 is stuck, the electromagnet is easily burned out due to excessive current and has a short life.
- DC electromagnets generally use 24V DC voltage, and generally will not burn out due to the stuck moving iron core 32-2. They are small in size and have a long service life. But the starting force is smaller than AC electromagnet. Because the starting power is not large, DC power supply is adopted here.
- the gauge-variable wheel set further includes a dust cover 6 sleeved on the outer periphery of the second cylinder, and the dust cover 6 includes an annular cover
- a plurality of brushes 61 are arranged in the cover body, and a pair of annular installation grooves surrounding the outer circumference of the second cylinder are spaced apart in the axial direction, The inner circumference of the retaining ring is respectively installed in the annular installation groove.
- the dust cover 6 is fixed and the second cylinder rotates with the wheel 4; the outer circumference of the second cylinder is located at a A chip 62 corresponding to the brush 61 is arranged between the annular installation grooves.
- the coil can be energized when no action is required.
- insulating rubber 63 is used to wrap each chip 62, leaving only the side matching with the brush 61, that is, the chip 62 is mounted on the insulating rubber 63, and the adjacent chips 62 are separated by the insulating rubber 63 ,
- the traction coil 32-1 and the suction cup coil 34 are respectively electrically connected to the corresponding chip 62
- the second cylinder rotates relative to the dust cover 6 so that the chip 62 and the brush 61 are formed by friction It is electrically connected so as to supply power to the traction coil 32-1 and the chuck coil 34.
- the dustproof cover 6 is configured to be composed of two parts, each part having two brushes 61.
- the brush 61 includes two pairs, the chip 62 includes two pairs, the traction coil 32-1 is electrically connected to one pair of the chips 62, and the sucker coil 34 It is electrically connected to the other pair of chips 62.
- the two pairs of brushes 61 are respectively connected to a power supply unit, and the power supply unit is connected to a control mechanism.
- the control mechanism controls the power supply unit to supply power to the traction coil 32-1 and/or the sucker coil 34.
- the control mechanism may be a control mechanism of the train itself.
- the gauge conversion process is divided into five processes: unloading, unlocking, lateral movement, locking, and loading of wheel 4.
- the gauge conversion from the standard rail 1435mm to the wide rail 1520mm is taken as an example to illustrate the track of the active rail change program. Distance transformation process.
- the wheel 4 is unloaded: when the train runs from the 1435mm gauge to the track section, the speed is reduced to 15m/s, and then as the train advances, the support rail gradually rises, and the support rail is in contact with the axle box 7 and runs for a while. After a short distance, the quasi-rail steel rail exits and the wheel 4 is completely unloaded.
- the wheel 4 is unlocked: the equipment installed in the ground support rail sends out the wheel 4 unloading signal.
- the control mechanism supplies power to the locking mechanism 3, and the traction electromagnet 32 is energized by the suction cup coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 in sequence, the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked and drives the wheel 4 locking pin 33 to contract, and the wheel 4 is unlocked.
- the traction electromagnet 32 detects that the moving iron core 32-2 is in the retracted position, it sends out a signal to unlock the wheel 4, and the control mechanism turns off the suction coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 in turn to prevent the coil from being burnt when it is energized for a long time. At this time, the movable iron core 32-2 is locked in the unlocked position of the wheel 4 by the lock pin 35.
- the third step, the gauge change After the control mechanism receives the signal of unlocking the wheel 4, it turns off the suction coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 in turn, and energizes the planetary roller screw electric cylinder (planetary roller screw).
- the electric cylinder of the lever is energized this time in the opposite direction to the last time, that is, it is energized in the reverse direction last time and is energized this time).
- the electric cylinder 11 pushes/pulls the moving plate 8 to make the wheels 4 reach the new gauge position.
- the fourth step the wheel 4 is locked: after the electric cylinder 11 reaches the stroke position, it sends out a gauge change completion signal, and then the sucker coil 34 of the traction electromagnet 32 is energized, and the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked and driven by the spring restoring force
- the locking pin 33 of the wheel 4 extends.
- the detecting device detects that the moving iron core 32-2 is in the extended position, it sends a wheel 4 locking signal, the sucker coil 34 is de-energized, and the lock pin 35 locks the moving iron core 32-2 and the wheel 4 locking pin 33 on the wheel. 4 Lock position to prevent it from moving under the action of centrifugal force.
- wheel 4 is loaded: the 1520mm gauge rail appears, the supporting rail gradually drops, and the wheel 4 is reloaded; the entire rail change process ends.
- the movable disc assembly of the present invention has a simple structure, can be fastened to the wheel, and takes up less space on the wheel.
- the bearing can ensure that the movable disc remains stationary when the wheel rotates; and the overall transmission torque is large and reliable High sex.
- the lateral drive mechanism pushes or pulls the moving plate to drive the wheels to move laterally, making the lateral movement of the wheels more stable, reducing the wear between the wheel axles, and improving the reliability of the gauge change; and making the ground track change facilities relatively simple.
- the track change signal is output by the vehicle control system, which improves the reliability and efficiency of track change action.
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Abstract
一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,该移动盘组件包括移动盘(8)和轴承(9),移动盘(8)设有中心通孔和位于中心通孔外的连接孔(82);轴承(9)的外圈紧固在中心通孔中,轴承(9)的内圈用于固定套设在车轮(4)的外侧轮毂上。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年6月21日提交的申请号为2019105412424,发明名称为“一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件”的中国专利申请的优先权,其通过引用方式全部并入本公开。
本发明涉及轨道车辆变轨距技术领域,特别是涉及一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件。
为了满足邻近国家不同轨距轨道间的运输要求,现多在交界处更换不同轮对内侧距的转向架,该方案成本高、耗时长。西班牙和日本先后发明了可变轨距的转向架,能够在不同轨距轨道间连续运行。
但现有的变轨结构均为无源形式,车轮的变轨动作需借助外部辅助设施才能完成,效率较低。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,以解决现有的变轨结构均为无源形式,车轮的变轨动作需借助外部辅助设施才能完成,效率较低的技术问题。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明实施例提供了一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其包括:
移动盘,所述移动盘设有中心通孔,和位于所述中心通孔外的连接孔;
轴承,所述轴承的外圈紧固在所述中心通孔中,所述轴承的内圈用于固定套设在车轮的外侧轮毂上。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述移动盘关于所述中心通孔对称设有 两个所述连接孔,所述连接孔用于连接驱动所述车轮移动的横向驱动机构。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述连接孔中均设有橡胶节点,所述横向驱动机构包括电动缸,所述电动缸的伸出端设有定位凸台和外螺纹;所述伸出端穿过所述橡胶节点且所述定位凸台抵靠在所述连接孔的一端面,利用螺母拧设在所述外螺纹上并使得所述螺母抵靠在所述连接孔的另一端面。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述移动盘呈类菱形,所述类菱形位于顶角处均设置为与相邻侧边过渡连接的弧形,两个所述连接孔分别设于所述移动盘上相对的一对顶角处。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述轴承为四点角接触球轴承。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述移动盘靠近车轮的一侧设有移动盘挡圈;所述移动盘远离车轮的一侧分别设有轴承外挡圈和轴承内挡圈。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述移动盘挡圈和轴承外挡圈均通过螺栓和螺母与所述移动盘连接;所述轴承内挡圈通过螺钉固定在车轮的外侧轮毂上。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述轴承内挡圈与轴承外挡圈之间留有间隙。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述橡胶节点的厚度小于等于所在连接孔的轴向长度。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明提供的一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,结构简单,能够紧固在车轮上,且占用车轮空间小,通过轴承能够保证车轮旋转时,移动盘保持静止;且整体传递力矩大,可靠性高。
此外,通过横向驱动机构推动或拉动移动盘带动车轮横移,使得车轮横移动作更加平稳,可以降低轮轴间的磨耗,提高了变轨距的可靠性;而且使得地面变轨设施变得相对简单,变轨信号由车辆控制系统输出,提高了变轨动作的可靠性和变轨效率。
图1为本发明实施例移动盘组件的立体示意图;
图2为本发明实施例移动盘组件的轴向剖视图;
图3为本发明实施例移动盘组件与车轮的配合关系示意图;
图4为本发明实施例车轮显示外侧轮毂的立体示意图;
图5为本发明实施例车轮显示内侧轮毂的立体示意图;
图6为本发明实施例一种变轨距轮对的立体示意图;
图7为本发明实施例一种变轨距轮对显示横向驱动机构的轴向剖视示意图;
图8为本发明实施例一种变轨距轮对显示锁紧机构的轴向剖视示意图;
图9为图8中A的局部放大图;
图10为本发明实施例锁紧机构中牵引电磁铁的结构示意图;
图11为本发明实施例中防尘盖的立体示意图;
图12为本发明实施例中防尘盖的另一角度的立体示意图;
图中:1:横向驱动机构;11:电动缸;12:螺母;2:制动盘;3:锁紧机构;31:套筒;32:牵引电磁铁;32-1:牵引线圈;32-2:动铁芯;33:锁紧销;34:吸盘线圈;35:锁销;4:车轮;41:锁紧孔;42:螺纹孔;43:螺钉;5:车轴;6:防尘盖;61:电刷;62:芯片;63:绝缘橡胶;64:吊耳;7:轴箱体;8:移动盘;81:移动盘挡圈;82:连接孔;9:四点角接触球轴承;91:轴承内挡圈;92:轴承外挡圈;10:螺栓。
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接; 可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以视具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外,在本发明的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”、“多根”、“多组”的含义是两个或两个以上。
如图1至图3所示,本发明实施例提供了一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,包括移动盘8,所述移动盘8设有中心通孔和位于所述中心通孔外的连接孔81;
轴承,所述轴承的外圈紧固在所述中心通孔中,即轴承的外圈与中心通孔过盈配合,所述轴承的内圈用于固定套设在车轮的外侧轮毂上,也就是说,轴承的内圈与车轮的外侧轮毂过盈配合,保证车轴5在转动时移动盘8保持相对静止。
需要说明的是,由于此处轴承要能承受较大的双向轴向力,而基本不承受径向力,优选采用四点角接触球轴承9。
为达到列车400km/h的运行速度,四点角接触球轴承9的极限转速应不小于
(r/min),其中D为车轮4直径(单位:mm)。四点角接触球轴承9宽度(轴向)应保持在45mm左右,其厚度(径向)应在满足条件的前提下越小越好。四点角接触球轴承9不设轴向游系,此外,四点角接触球轴承9主要承受双向轴向力,故要对其内侧和外侧采用双向挡圈。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,为了保证车轮4受力平衡,所述移动盘8关于所述中心通孔对称设有两个所述连接孔82,所述连接孔82用于连接驱动车轮移动的横向驱动机构1。每个所述横向驱动机构1包括平行固定在所述轴箱体7上的两个所述电动缸11,两个电动缸11分设于车轮4轮毂的两侧,所述电动缸11的伸出端穿过所述连接孔82,并利用紧固件将所述电动缸11的伸出端与所述连接孔82固定连接,从而电动缸11的伸出端移动时,能够带动车轮4同步移动。
进一步地,通过将两个连接孔82关于移动盘8的中心通孔中心对称设置,也就是确保施加在车轮4轮盘上的力两侧相等,进而保证车轮4受力平衡。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,为防止振动对电动缸11造成影响,所述连接孔82中均设有橡胶节点即橡胶轴套,且所述橡胶节点的厚度小于 等于所在连接孔82的轴向长度,即橡胶节点不能突出到连接孔82外,以免影响电动缸11在横向的动作精度。所述电动缸11的伸出端设有定位凸台和外螺纹;所述伸出端穿过所述橡胶节点且所述定位凸台抵靠在所述连接孔82的一端面,利用螺母12拧设在所述外螺纹上并使得所述螺母12抵靠在所述连接孔82的另一端面,使得两者连接稳固,以确保电动缸11的伸出端与连接孔82连接后,电动缸11与移动盘8没有相对位移,确保车轮4的移动精度。
当轨距由宽变窄时,电动缸11推动移动盘8向远离轴箱体7的方向移动,移动盘8带动车轮4同时移动;实现宽轨距变窄轨距。
当轨距由窄变宽时,电动缸11拉动移动盘8向轴箱体7的方向移动,移动盘8带动车轮4同时移动;实现窄轨距变宽轨距。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,为降低重量,所述移动盘8设置呈类菱形,所述类菱形位于顶角处均设置为与相邻侧边过渡连接的弧形,以避免形成尖角而降低使用安全性,而且能够避免尖角出处形成应力集中。
两个所述连接孔82分别设于所述移动盘8上相对的一对顶角处,另一对顶角处由于无需设置连接孔82,可以将该对顶角处设置为与移动盘8的中心通孔的外周相匹配的弧面,以更进一步减轻移动盘8的重量,并节省材料和节省移动盘8的安装空间,为其他部件的安装留出空间。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图2所示,所述移动盘8靠近车轮的一侧设有移动盘挡圈81;移动盘挡圈81由移动盘8向中心通孔内延伸的一环形凸起形成,轴承安装时,靠近车轮侧的轴承外圈由该移动盘挡圈81遮挡,靠近车轮侧的轴承内圈由车轮的轮毂上形成的凸台遮挡;所述移动盘远离车轮的一侧分别设有轴承外挡圈和轴承内挡圈,以起到对轴承内外侧的密封作用,避免杂物、灰尘等进入轴承中,而影响轴承的精度和使用寿命。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图1-图3所示,具体地,所述移动盘挡圈81和轴承外挡圈92均可以利用螺栓10穿过移动盘挡圈81和移动盘8、以及利用螺栓10穿过轴承外挡圈92和移动盘8,并拧设螺母使得移动盘挡圈81和轴承外挡圈92与所述移动盘8紧固连接;所述轴承内挡圈91可以通过螺钉43固定在车轮的外侧轮毂上,如图4所示,首先可以在车 轮的外侧轮毂的端面设置多个螺纹孔42,利用螺钉43穿过轴承内挡圈91与螺纹孔42一一对应连接,将轴承内挡圈91固定在车轮上。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图1所示,为了避免轴承内圈转动时与轴承外圈发生干涉,所述轴承内挡圈91与轴承外挡圈92之间留有间隙。
本发明实施例中,如图6所示,变轨距轮对包括车轮4和车轴5,所述车轮4设于所述车轴5的两端,且与所述车轴5通过花键连接,具体地,车轮4的内周设有内花键,车轴5上设有外花键,车轮4与车轴5通过内花键与外花键配合连接,以将扭矩均匀分布在车轮4的内周,既便于传递扭矩,也便于车轮4沿车轴5滑动实现变轨距;所述车轴5位于所述车轮4外的两端分别支撑在轴箱体7中,由轴箱体7为轮对提供支撑力;本实施例中,车轮4的轮毂分别向车轮4外侧延伸和向车轮4内侧延伸,形成外侧轮毂和内侧轮毂,以方便与其配合的部件安装。
位于两个车轮4之间的车轴5上,还设有一对制动盘2,用于和转向架上的制动夹钳配合,用于列车的减速或刹车。
如图6-12所示,本实施例的变轨距轮对还包括:
横向驱动机构1和如上述技术方案所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,所述移动盘8通过所述轴承紧固套设在所述车轮4的外侧轮毂上,横向驱动机构1设于移动盘8的外侧;通过所述横向驱动机构1推动或拉动所述移动盘8带动所述车轮4移动,实现车轮4变换轨距。本发明通过横向驱动机构1推动或拉动移动盘8,实现车轮4的横移,使得车轮4横移动作更加平稳,可以降低轮轴间的磨耗,提高了变轨距的可靠性。
本实施例的变轨距轮对还包括分别设于每个所述车轮4的内侧的锁紧机构3。
具体地,所述锁紧机构3包括牵引电磁铁32,所述牵引电磁铁32包括牵引线圈32-1和由所述牵引线圈32-1带动移动的动铁芯32-2,如图5所示,所述车轮4的内侧轮毂上沿轴向间隔设有多个锁紧孔41。牵引线圈32-1的位置固定,动铁芯32-2指向其中一个锁紧孔41所在位置,进一步,动铁芯32-2的轴线与锁紧孔41的轴线同轴设置,所述动铁芯32-2可伸入或离开对应的锁紧孔41,具体地,车辆正常运行时,动铁芯32-2位于对应轨距的锁紧孔41内,两者锁紧,当需要变轨距时,车轮4需要先解锁, 此时牵引线圈32-1通电,动铁芯32-2受到牵引线圈32-1磁场力的作用朝向靠近牵引线圈32-1的方向移动,动铁芯32-2收缩而离开锁紧孔41,实现解锁。
横向驱动机构1固定在所述轴箱体7上,所述横向驱动机构1包括电动缸11,所述电动缸11的伸出端用于推动或拉动解锁后的所述车轮4,实现车轮4变换轨距,变轨距完成后,牵引线圈32-1断电,牵引线圈32-1对动铁芯32-2的磁场力消失,动铁芯32-2在外力作用下朝向远离牵引线圈32-1的方向移动,即朝向靠近锁紧孔41的方向移动,并插入锁紧孔41中再次锁紧。
本实施例通过牵引电磁铁32直接实现车轮4锁紧和解锁,无需在地面变轨设施上额外设置辅助进行锁紧和解锁的结构,简化了地面变轨设施的结构,使得地面变轨设施结构变得相对简单,可靠性更高。通过横向驱动机构1的电动缸11推动或拉动车轮4实现车轮4变换轨距;使得车轮4横移动作更加平稳,可以降低轮轴间的磨耗,提高了变轨距轮对的可靠性。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图8和图9所示,所述锁紧机构3还包括套筒31和锁紧销33,套筒31通过与车轴5的过盈配合来传递车轮4的横向力。
具体地,所述套筒31包括第一套筒和与所述第一套筒套接的第二套筒;所述第一套筒包括第一端盖和沿所述第一端盖周向朝向所述车轮4侧延伸的第一筒体,所述第一端盖设有轴向通孔,所述第一端盖通过所述轴向通孔紧固套接在所述车轴5上,也就是说,第一端盖与车轴5过盈配合,所述第二套筒包括与所述第一筒体的周向一体连接的第二端盖和沿所述第二端盖的周向朝向所述车轮4侧延伸的第二筒体;
所述车轮4的内侧轮毂延伸进所述第一筒体内,所述第一筒体设有供所述动铁芯32-2穿过的通孔,车轮4的内侧轮毂上的其中一个锁紧孔41与通孔位置相对,当车轮4横向移动时,车轮4的内侧轮毂相对第一筒体移动,直至移动到另一个锁紧孔41与通孔位置相对,当然,可以理解的是,“一个锁紧孔41”以及“另一个锁紧孔41”均是与所处轨距相对应的;
为了方便牵引线圈32-1的安装和固定,所述牵引电磁铁32还包括壳 体,所述壳体固定在所述第二端盖的内侧壁上,所述牵引线圈32-1设于所述壳体内,所述动铁芯32-2的一端穿过所述牵引线圈32-1,所述动铁芯32-2的另一端与所述锁紧销33固定连接,锁紧销33可以通过螺栓螺钉等连接件与动铁芯32-2的端部固定连接;通过所述动铁芯32-2带动所述锁紧销33穿过所述通孔位于对应轨距的所述锁紧孔41中实现所述车轮4锁紧,通过所述动铁芯32-2带动所述锁紧销33离开所在的所述锁紧孔41实现所述车轮4解锁,锁紧和解锁可靠性高,而且操作方便。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图5所示,为了提高可靠性,所述车轮4的内侧轮毂的周向设有多排所述锁紧孔41,每排所述锁紧孔41包括沿其轴向间隔设置的多个所述锁紧孔41,相邻的两个所述锁紧孔41之间的距离等于所需变轨距的一半;在变轨距时,车轴5两端的车轮4同时移动,两个车轮4各移动所需变轨距的一半距离,则总的移动距离便为所需变轨距的距离,例如从标准轨距变为窄轨距或宽轨距;或从窄轨距或宽轨距变为标准轨距,可以根据具体需要选择所变轨距。
为了提高动铁芯32-2处于锁紧状态和解锁状态的可靠性,如图10所示,所述牵引电磁铁32还包括分别设于所述动铁芯32-2相对两侧的吸盘线圈34,和与每个所述吸盘线圈34配合的锁销35,所述动铁芯32-2的轴向间隔设有两个环形锁槽,其中一个环形锁槽与锁销35相对,所述锁销35用于插入其中一个所述环形锁槽中,以将所述动铁芯32-2固定在解锁位或锁紧位,也就是说,当动铁芯32-2插入通孔和锁紧孔41中后,锁销35插入对应的环形锁槽中,将动铁芯32-2固定在锁紧位,提高锁紧的可靠性,当动铁芯32-2离开对应的锁紧孔41后,锁销35插入对应的环形锁槽中,将动铁芯32-2固定在解锁位,提高解锁后的可靠性,避免了动铁芯32-2的误操作。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,锁销35呈T形,所述吸盘线圈34安装所述锁销35的位置处设有容纳所述锁销35大端的腔体,所述腔体中留有所述锁销35沿轴向活动的间隙,所述锁销35位于所述腔体外的一端设有环形凸台,所述锁销35上套设有第一弹簧,所述第一弹簧的一端抵靠在所述环形凸台上,所述第一弹簧的另一端抵靠在所述腔体的外侧,当吸盘线圈34通电时,锁销35受到吸盘线圈34的磁力吸引,克服第一弹簧的 弹力,朝向远离动铁芯32-2的方向移动直至离开动铁芯32-2,此时动铁芯32-2可以进行解锁或锁紧动作,当解锁或锁紧完成后,吸盘线圈34断电,锁销35在第一弹簧的弹簧回复力作用下重新插入对应的环形锁槽中,将动铁芯32-2定位在解锁或锁紧状态。
所述动铁芯32-2位于所述壳体外的一端套设有第二弹簧,所述第二弹簧的一端抵靠在所述壳体的外侧,所述第二弹簧的另一端抵靠在所述动铁芯32-2端部的环形凸缘上;通过第二弹簧便于牵引线圈32-1断电后动铁芯32-2快速复位。在轨距变换过程中,牵引电磁铁32的动作过程为:首先,吸盘线圈34通电,吸动锁销35克服弹簧力,使锁销35从动铁芯32-2环形锁槽中伸出。锁销35深入动铁芯32-2环形槽3mm,也即锁销35吸合面距离吸盘3mm,3mm气隙内磁力较大,因而可采用微型吸盘。然后,牵引线圈32-1通电,动铁芯32-2带动锁紧销33向锁紧孔41外运动,车轮4解锁。再者,在车轮4横向移动前,先由吸盘线圈34断电,锁销35卡在动铁芯32-2下端环形锁槽内,使动铁芯32-2保持在车轮4解锁位,再牵引线圈32-1断电,这样可避免线圈通电时间较长而烧毁线圈。最后,车轮4完成轨距变换后,吸盘线圈34通电,动铁芯32-2解锁,在第二弹簧回复力作用下向下运动,并带动车轮4锁紧销33向下运动到车轮4轮毂锁紧孔41内,车轮4再次锁紧,吸盘线圈34断电,锁销35卡住动铁芯32-2,避免其在离心力作用下带动车轮4锁紧销33径向运动,而使车轮4解锁。
由于交流电磁铁的使用电压一般为交流220V,工作时温升高,当动铁芯32-2卡住时,电磁铁因电流过大易烧坏,寿命较短。直流电磁铁一般使用24V直流电压,一般不会因动铁芯32-2卡住而烧坏,体积小,使用寿命较长。但启动力比交流电磁铁小。此处因为启动力不大,故采用直流供电。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,如图11和图12所示,变轨距轮对还包括套设在所述第二筒体外周的防尘盖6,所述防尘盖6包括环形盖体和设于所述环形盖体轴向两端的挡圈,所述盖体内设有多个电刷61,所述第二筒体沿其轴向间隔设有一对环绕其外周的环形安装槽,所述挡圈的内周分别安装在所述环形安装槽中,在具体使用时,防尘盖6固定不动,第二筒 体与车轮4一起转动;所述第二筒体的外周位于一对所述环形安装槽之间设有与所述电刷61一一对应的芯片62,为了防止车轮4、车轴5上的回路电流传到芯片62上,使线圈在不需要动作时得电动作,这里采用绝缘橡胶63将每一个芯片62包裹起来,只留出与电刷61配合的一面,即所述芯片62安装在绝缘橡胶63上,且相邻芯片62之间由绝缘橡胶63隔开,以防短路;所述牵引线圈32-1和吸盘线圈34分别与对应的所述芯片62电连接,所述第二筒体相对所述防尘盖6转动使得芯片62与电刷61摩擦形成电连接,以便于为所述牵引线圈32-1和吸盘线圈34供电。为了便于防尘盖6安装,将防尘盖6设置为由两部分配合而成,每部分上有两个电刷61。
本发明的一个具体实施例中,所述电刷61包括两对,所述芯片62包括两对,所述牵引线圈32-1与其中的一对所述芯片62电连接,所述吸盘线圈34与另一对所述芯片62电连接。
两对所述电刷61分别连接供电单元,所述供电单元连接控制机构,由控制机构控制供电单元为牵引线圈32-1和/或吸盘线圈34供电,控制机构可以为列车本身的控制机构。
轨距变换过程分为车轮4卸载、解锁、横移、锁紧、加载5个过程,这里以从准轨1435mm到宽轨1520mm的轨距变换为例,来说明该有源变轨方案的轨距变换过程。
第一步,车轮4卸载:列车从1435mm轨距运行到变轨线路段时速度降低到15m/s,然后随着列车前进,支撑轨逐渐上升,在支撑轨与轴箱体7接触且运行一小段距离后,准轨钢轨退出,车轮4完全卸载。
第二步,车轮4解锁:安装在地面支撑轨内的设备发出车轮4卸载信号。控制机构给锁紧机构3供电,牵引电磁铁32内部由吸盘线圈34、牵引线圈32-1依次通电,动铁芯32-2解锁并带动车轮4锁紧销33收缩,车轮4解锁。牵引电磁铁32检查到动铁芯32-2处于缩进位时,发出车轮4解锁的信号,控制机构使吸盘线圈34、牵引线圈32-1依次断电,以防线圈长时间通电而烧毁。此时,由锁销35将动铁芯32-2卡在车轮4解锁位。
第三步,轨距变换:控制机构接受到车轮4解锁的信号后,在使吸盘线圈34、牵引线圈32-1依次断电的同时,给行星滚柱丝杠电动缸通电(行 星滚柱丝杠电动缸本次通电方向与上次相反,即上次通反向电本次通正向电)。电动缸11推/拉动移动盘8使车轮4到达新的轨距位置。
第四步,车轮4锁紧:电动缸11到达行程位置后发出轨距变化完成信号,接着牵引电磁铁32的吸盘线圈34通电,动铁芯32-2解锁,并在弹簧回复力作用下带动车轮4锁紧销33伸出。当检测设备检测到动铁芯32-2处于伸出位时,发出车轮4锁紧信号,吸盘线圈34断电,锁销35将动铁芯32-2及车轮4锁紧销33锁在车轮4锁紧位,防止其在离心力作用下运动。
第五步,车轮4加载:1520mm轨距钢轨出现,支撑轨逐渐下降,车轮4重新加载;整个变轨过程结束。
由以上实施例可以看出,本发明的移动盘组件结构简单,能够紧固在车轮上,且占用车轮空间小,通过轴承能够保证车轮旋转时,移动盘保持静止;且整体传递力矩大,可靠性高。
且通过横向驱动机构推动或拉动移动盘带动车轮横移,使得车轮横移动作更加平稳,可以降低轮轴间的磨耗,提高了变轨距的可靠性;而且使得地面变轨设施变得相对简单,变轨信号由车辆控制系统输出,提高了变轨动作的可靠性和变轨效率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
- 一种用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,包括:移动盘,所述移动盘设有中心通孔,和位于所述中心通孔外的连接孔;轴承,所述轴承的外圈紧固在所述中心通孔中,所述轴承的内圈用于固定套设在车轮的外侧轮毂上。
- 根据权利要求1所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述移动盘关于所述中心通孔对称设有两个所述连接孔,所述连接孔用于连接驱动所述车轮移动的横向驱动机构。
- 根据权利要求2所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述连接孔中均设有橡胶节点,所述横向驱动机构包括电动缸,所述电动缸的伸出端设有定位凸台和外螺纹;所述伸出端穿过所述橡胶节点且所述定位凸台抵靠在所述连接孔的一端面,利用螺母拧设在所述外螺纹上并使得所述螺母抵靠在所述连接孔的另一端面。
- 根据权利要求3所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述移动盘呈类菱形,所述类菱形位于顶角处均设置为与相邻侧边过渡连接的弧形,两个所述连接孔分别设于所述移动盘上相对的一对顶角处。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述轴承为四点角接触球轴承。
- 根据权利要求5所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述移动盘靠近车轮的一侧设有移动盘挡圈;所述移动盘远离车轮的一侧分别设有轴承外挡圈和轴承内挡圈。
- 根据权利要求6所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述移动盘挡圈和轴承外挡圈均通过螺栓和螺母与所述移动盘连接;所述轴承内挡圈通过螺钉固定在车轮的外侧轮毂上。
- 根据权利要求7所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述轴承内挡圈与轴承外挡圈之间留有间隙。
- 根据权利要求3所述的用于变轨距轮对的移动盘组件,其特征在于,所述橡胶节点的厚度小于等于所在连接孔的轴向长度。
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