WO2020253276A1 - 发动机 - Google Patents

发动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020253276A1
WO2020253276A1 PCT/CN2020/079083 CN2020079083W WO2020253276A1 WO 2020253276 A1 WO2020253276 A1 WO 2020253276A1 CN 2020079083 W CN2020079083 W CN 2020079083W WO 2020253276 A1 WO2020253276 A1 WO 2020253276A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
cover
seat
box body
box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/079083
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴瑞义
罗代伦
孙玲玲
曾宏
刘威
鲁卡
曾勇
Original Assignee
隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司 filed Critical 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020253276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020253276A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/06—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of crankshafts or connecting rods with lubricant passageways, e.g. bores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0065—Shape of casings for other machine parts and purposes, e.g. utilisation purposes, safety
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
    • F16C3/06—Crankshafts
    • F16C3/14—Features relating to lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/06—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of crankshafts or connecting rods with lubricant passageways, e.g. bores
    • F01M2001/062—Crankshaft with passageways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of heat engines, in particular to an engine.
  • the engine lubrication system is used to continuously deliver sufficient amount of clean lubricating oil with appropriate temperature to the friction surface of the moving parts when the engine is working, and form an oil film between the friction surfaces, so that the friction resistance is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and the engine Parts wear is reduced to improve the reliability and durability of the engine.
  • the present invention provides an engine.
  • the engine adopts a special oil passage design to replace the bearing, and adds an oil guide structure at the crankshaft seat hole of the box body and the crankshaft seat hole of the box cover, especially the oil storage groove is designed on the crankshaft journal, which is conducive to oil storage and to the crankshaft and
  • the lubrication of the friction pairs formed between the crankcase body and between the crankshaft and the crankcase cover is beneficial to the lightweight of the engine, increasing the power-to-weight ratio of the engine and reducing the cost.
  • it is beneficial to reduce the noise generated by the engine due to the rolling bearing and improve the sound quality of the engine; and
  • the structure is simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the engine provided by the present invention adopts a special oil passage design to replace the bearing, and adds an oil guide structure at the crankshaft seat hole of the box body and the crankshaft seat hole of the box cover, especially the oil storage groove is designed on the crankshaft journal , It is conducive to oil storage and lubrication of the friction pairs formed between the crankshaft and the crankcase and between the crankshaft and the crankcase cover, which is conducive to the lightweight of the engine, the improvement of the engine power-to-weight ratio and the reduction of costs, and at the same time, it is conducive to reducing the engine caused by rolling bearings. Noise improves the sound quality of the engine; and the structure is simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the engine of the present invention includes a crankcase, a crankcase cover, and a crankshaft; the crankcase is provided with a case crankshaft seat for supporting the crankshaft journal I, and the crankcase cover is provided with a case for supporting the crankshaft journal II Cover crankshaft seat;
  • crankshaft journal I The outer surface of the crankshaft journal I is provided with a crankshaft oil storage groove I, the crankshaft oil storage groove I is partially or completely located in the area where the crankshaft seat seat hole is located in the axial direction, and the outer surface of the crankshaft journal II is provided with a crankshaft oil storage groove II ,
  • the crankshaft oil storage tank II is partially or fully located in the area where the crankshaft seat hole of the cover is located in the axial direction; in general, the crankshaft oil storage tank I and the crankshaft oil storage tank II should be located in the crankshaft seat hole and the box after the crankshaft is installed. Cover the area in the crankshaft seat seat hole. Of course, part of the seat hole still has the setting effect, so I won’t repeat it here.
  • This structure is conducive to the storage of lubricating oil and provides a box between the crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal I.
  • the friction surface between the cover crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal II provides more lubricating oil, which is beneficial to ensure the lubrication of the friction surface between the box crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal I, and between the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and the crankshaft journal II32;
  • the lubricating oil will enter the crankshaft oil storage groove I and crankshaft oil storage groove II to form oil storage, and as the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction, it will be brought to the crankshaft journal I, the case crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal.
  • the friction pair formed between II and the cover crankshaft seat is conducive to the sufficient lubrication of the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I and the box crankshaft seat, and between the crankshaft journal II and the box cover crankshaft seat;
  • the inner side of the crankcase body and the upper part of the crankshaft seat corresponding to the box body are provided with a box body oil baffle rib for guiding the splashed lubricating oil to the box body crankshaft seat by gravity; it is beneficial to block the crankshaft from rotating in the circumferential direction.
  • the lubricating oil thrown by the connecting rod oil sling key in the engine; the box body oil retaining rib is arranged on the radially outer side above the box body crankshaft seat;
  • the box body crankshaft seat is provided with a box body drainage channel that leads the lubricating oil from the box body oil baffle rib to the box body crankshaft seat seat hole; after the crankshaft is assembled, the lubricating oil thrown up by the connecting rod oil key in the engine When the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction, it is blocked by the oil baffle ribs of the box body, and the blocked lubricating oil enters the crankshaft seat hole of the box body through the box guide channel, which is beneficial to the friction pair formed between the box body crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal I. Lubrication
  • the inner side of the crankcase cover corresponds to the cover crankshaft seat and is provided with a cover oil retaining rib for guiding splashed lubricating oil to the cover crankshaft seat by gravity; it is beneficial to prevent the crankshaft from rotating in the circumferential direction from the engine.
  • the lubricating oil thrown up by the connecting rod oil key; the oil blocking rib of the case cover is arranged on the radially outer side above the crankshaft seat of the case cover;
  • the box cover crankshaft seat is provided with a box body drainage channel that leads the lubricating oil from the oil baffle rib of the box cover to the seat hole of the box cover crankshaft seat; after the crankshaft is assembled, the lubricating oil is thrown up by the connecting rod oil key in the engine When the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction, it is blocked by the oil stop rib of the case cover, and the blocked lubricating oil enters the crankshaft seat seat hole of the case cover through the drain channel of the case cover, which is beneficial to the friction pair formed between the cover crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal II. Lubrication.
  • edges of both sides of the crankshaft oil storage tank I and the crankshaft oil storage tank II in the circumferential direction are smoothly transitioned.
  • the smooth transition can be rounded at the edges of the oil storage tank.
  • the edges of the crankshaft oil storage tank I and the crankshaft oil storage tank II of this structure It can effectively avoid destroying the oil film of the lubricating oil, and is beneficial to guide the lubricating oil back to the crankshaft oil storage tank I and the crankshaft oil storage tank II, which is beneficial to recycle into the lubricating rotating surface and better lubricate the crankshaft journal.
  • the box body drainage channel includes a box body drainage inlet opened on the box body crankshaft seat and a box body oil storage groove opened on the inner circular surface of the box body crankshaft seat seat hole, the box body drainage inlet and the box body block
  • the oil ribs have a corresponding flow direction (refers to the corresponding direction of the lubricating oil drawn by the oil baffle ribs of the case, such as near the root of the oil baffle ribs of the case, which will not be repeated here) and penetrates the crankshaft of the case radially Seat to the crankshaft seat hole of the box body; the oil baffle rib of the box body blocks the collected lubricating oil from entering the box body oil storage groove on the inner circular surface of the box body crankshaft seat seat hole along the drainage inlet of the box body.
  • the friction pair formed between the neck I is fully lubricated to reduce wear; the number of oil storage tanks in the tank can be set according to actual lubrication needs;
  • the cover drainage channel includes a cover drainage inlet opened on the cover crankshaft seat and a cover oil storage groove opened on the inner circular surface of the cover crankshaft seat hole, the cover drainage inlet and the cover oil retaining rib
  • the drainage flow direction is corresponding (refers to the direction corresponding to the flow direction of the lubricating oil drawn by the oil baffle rib of the case cover, such as near the root of the oil baffle rib of the case cover, which is not repeated here) and penetrates the crankshaft seat of the case cover in the radial direction.
  • the cover oil stop rib blocks the collected lubricating oil along the drain inlet of the cover to enter the cover oil storage groove on the inner surface of the cover hole of the crankshaft seat, and align the cover crankshaft seat with the crankshaft journal II
  • the friction pair formed between them is fully lubricated to reduce wear; the number of the tank cover oil storage tank can be set according to the actual lubrication needs; as the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction, the crankshaft oil storage tank I and the crankshaft oil storage tank II are respectively connected to the tank When the body oil storage tank and the cover oil storage tank are aligned correspondingly, the lubricating oil stored in the tank body oil storage tank and the tank cover oil storage tank will enter the crankshaft oil storage tank I and crankshaft oil storage tank II respectively to form oil storage, and follow the crankshaft along the circumferential direction
  • the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I and the case crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal II and the cover crankshaft seat is
  • the box cover drainage inlet includes a box cover drainage hole located near the axial middle of the box cover crankshaft seat and radially penetrating the box cover crankshaft seat, and a box cover provided on the axial inner end surface of the box cover crankshaft seat and radially penetrating through it Drainage groove;
  • the lubricating oil that is conducive to the blocking of the oil retaining rib of the case cover can enter the crankshaft seat seat hole of the case cover through the drain hole of the case cover and the drain groove of the case cover at the same time, which is the friction pair formed between the cover crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal II
  • the box body drainage inlet includes the box body near the axial middle of the box body crankshaft seat and radially penetrates the box body
  • the box drainage hole of the crankshaft seat and the box drainage groove which is arranged on the axial inner end surface of the box crank
  • the box body drainage groove and the box cover drainage groove can be trough type or notch type; the box body drainage groove and the box body oil storage groove are connected correspondingly, and the cross section size of the box body drainage groove is set to ensure sufficient lubrication Oil can enter the crankshaft seat hole of the box body through the box body drainage groove; the box cover drainage groove is connected to the box cover oil storage groove correspondingly, and the cross-sectional size of the box cover drainage groove is set so that sufficient lubricating oil can pass through
  • the box cover drainage groove enters the box cover crankshaft seat hole; the shape of the box body drainage groove and the box cover drainage groove is set to facilitate the communication between the crankcase inner cavity and the box crankshaft seat seat hole, and the crankcase cover inner cavity and the box Cover the crankshaft seat hole, and allow enough lubricating oil to enter the friction surface of the case crankshaft seat and the case cover crankshaft seat and the crankshaft, and make the friction pair of the case crankshaft seat and the case cover crankshaft seat and the cranks
  • the upper part of the tank cover is located in the inner circle of the crankshaft seat hole of the cover and connected to the drain inlet of the cover, and the upper part of the tank cover is located in the inner circle of the crankshaft seat hole of the cover and is connected to the drain inlet of the box body;
  • the tank cover oil tank is correspondingly connected to the tank drainage groove and the tank cover drainage hole, and the tank cover oil tank is correspondingly connected to the tank body flow groove and the tank cover body orifice, which is conducive to the smooth circulation of lubricating oil and further helps to ensure that the tank cover
  • the height of the oil baffle rib of the case cover is at least flush with the axially inner end surface of the crankshaft seat of the case cover; the height of the oil baffle rib of the case body is at least flush with the axial inner end surface of the crankshaft seat of the case;
  • the height setting of the oil retaining ribs of the box body and the oil retaining ribs of the box body helps to make the oil retaining ribs of the box body and the oil retaining ribs of the cover block more lubricating oil thrown up by the engine inner connecting rod oil key, thereby helping the crankshaft Provide sufficient lubricating oil on the friction surface between the journal I and the crankshaft seat of the box body and between the crankshaft journal II and the crankshaft seat of the box cover;
  • the box body oil storage tank and the tank cover oil storage tank are both axially straight grooves, and the crankshaft oil storage tank I and crankshaft oil storage tank II are also corresponding to the axial straight grooves; this is beneficial to the box body oil storage tank and the crankshaft oil storage tank I and Correspondence between the cover oil storage groove and crankshaft oil storage groove II and stores lubricating oil.
  • the lubricating oil in the oil storage groove it is helpful for the lubricating oil in the oil storage groove to be applied to the crankshaft journal I, the case crankshaft seat and the crankshaft journal II when the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction.
  • the friction surface between the crankshaft seat and the case cover thereby facilitating the lubrication of the friction surface between the crankshaft journal I and the case crankshaft seat, and the crankshaft journal II and the case cover crankshaft seat, reducing wear;
  • box body oil baffle ribs extend radially outward and are located at the upper part of the box crankshaft seat and form a box fan-shaped drainage area between the adjacent box reinforcement ribs.
  • the root of the box body oil baffle ribs The box body crankshaft seat is connected and extends radially outward, the box body drainage hole and the box body drainage groove correspond to the fan-shaped drainage area of the box body; the box cover oil baffle rib extends radially outward and is located in the box The upper part of the cover crankshaft seat and the adjacent box cover reinforcement ribs form a box cover fan-shaped drainage area.
  • the roots of the box cover oil retaining ribs and the box body oil retaining ribs correspond to the box cover crankshaft seat and the box body crankshaft seat Are connected and extend radially outward;
  • the cover drainage hole and the cover drainage groove correspond to the fan-shaped drainage area of the cover; it is beneficial to be thrown up by the engine inner connecting rod oil key when the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction
  • the lubricating oil is blocked and collected and flows along the fan-shaped drainage area to the side of the crankshaft seat of the box body and the crankshaft seat of the box cover, and is introduced into the box body crankshaft seat seat hole through the box body drainage hole and box body drainage groove and through the box cover drainage hole and cover
  • the drainage groove is introduced into the hole of the crankshaft seat of the cover to provide more lubricating oil for the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I and the crankshaft seat of the box body, and the crankshaft journal II and the crankshaft seat of the cover.
  • box body drainage groove and the box body drainage hole correspond to and communicate with the box body oil storage groove in the circumferential direction
  • box cover drainage groove and the box cover drainage hole correspond to the box lid oil storage groove in the circumferential direction.
  • the lubricating oil of this structure can directly flow into the oil storage tank of the box body and the oil storage tank of the tank cover, which is good for drainage.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the engine provided by the present invention adopts a special oil passage design to replace the bearing, and adds an oil guiding structure at the crankshaft seat hole of the box body and the crankshaft seat hole of the box cover, especially the design of the storage on the crankshaft.
  • the oil groove is conducive to oil storage and lubrication of the friction pairs formed between the crankshaft journal I and the crankcase, and between the crankshaft journal II and the crankcase cover, which is conducive to the lightweight of the engine, increasing the engine power-to-weight ratio and reducing the cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the drainage hole of the crankcase body of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the drainage hole of the crankcase cover of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the crankshaft (with oil storage tank) structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the crankshaft oil storage groove of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view along the A-A direction of Fig. 6.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase body structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase body drainage hole of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase cover structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the crankcase cover drainage hole of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the crankshaft (with oil storage tank) of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the crankshaft oil storage tank of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of AA in Figure 6, as shown in the figure:
  • the engine of this embodiment includes The crankcase 1, the crankcase cover 2 and the crankshaft 3;
  • the crankcase 1 is provided with a case crankshaft seat 11 for supporting the crankshaft journal I31, and the crankcase cover 2 is provided with a case for supporting the crankshaft journal II32 Cover crankshaft seat 21;
  • the inner side of the crankcase 1 and the upper part of the crankshaft seat 11 are provided with a box oil retaining rib 15 for guiding splashed lubricating oil to the crankshaft seat 11 by gravity; It is beneficial to block the crankshaft 3 and drain the lubricating oil thrown up by the connecting rod oil spinner in the engine when the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction.
  • the box body oil retaining rib 15 is arranged on the radially outer side of the box body crankshaft seat 11;
  • the box crankshaft seat 11 is provided with a box guide channel that guides the lubricating oil from the box oil baffle rib 15 to the box crankshaft seat seat hole 12; after the crankshaft 3 is assembled, it is thrown by the connecting rod oil key in the engine
  • the crankshaft 3 rotates in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil is blocked by the box oil baffle rib 15, and the blocked and drained lubricating oil enters the box crankshaft seat hole 12 through the box guide channel, which is beneficial to the box crankshaft seat 11. And the lubrication of the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I31.
  • the inner side of the crankcase cover 2 corresponds to the cover crankshaft seat 21 and is provided on the upper side for guiding the splashed lubricating oil to the tank by gravity.
  • the cover oil stop rib 25 of the cover crankshaft seat 21 is beneficial to block the crankshaft 3 and drain the lubricating oil thrown by the connecting rod oil thrower in the engine when the crankshaft rotates in the circumferential direction; the cover oil stop rib 25 is arranged in the box Cover the radial outer side above the crankshaft seat 21;
  • the box cover crankshaft seat 21 is provided with a box body guide channel that guides the lubricating oil from the box cover oil retaining rib 25 to the box cover crankshaft seat seat hole 22; after the crankshaft is assembled, it is lifted by the connecting rod oil key in the engine
  • the crankshaft 3 rotates in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil is blocked by the cover oil stop rib 25, and the blocked and drained lubricating oil enters the cover crankshaft seat hole 22 through the cover guide channel, which is beneficial to the cover crankshaft seat 21 and Lubrication of the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal II32.
  • crankshaft journal I31 The outer surface of the crankshaft journal I31 is provided with a crankshaft oil storage groove I311.
  • the crankshaft oil storage groove I311 is partially or completely located in the area where the crankshaft seat hole 12 is located in the axial direction;
  • the outer surface of the crankshaft journal II32 is provided with a crankshaft oil storage groove II321,
  • the crankshaft oil storage tank II321 is partially or completely located in the area where the crankshaft seat hole 22 of the cover is located in the axial direction; in general, the crankshaft oil storage tank I and crankshaft oil storage tank II should be located in the crankshaft seat hole of the case body after the crankshaft is installed.
  • crankshaft seat seat hole of the box cover of course, part of the seat hole still has the setting effect, which will not be repeated here;
  • this structure is conducive to the storage of lubricating oil and is the box crankshaft seat 11 and crankshaft journal I31
  • the friction surface between the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and the crankshaft journal II32 provides more lubricating oil, which is beneficial to ensure the friction between the box crankshaft seat 11 and the crankshaft journal I31 and between the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and the crankshaft journal II32.
  • crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and the crankshaft oil storage groove II321 are respectively aligned with the case oil storage groove 14 and the case cover oil storage groove 24, the case oil storage groove 14 and the case cover storage
  • the lubricating oil stored in the oil groove 24 will respectively enter the crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and the crankshaft oil storage groove II321 to form oil storage, and will be brought to the crankshaft journal I31 and the case crankshaft seat 11 and the crankshaft journal as the crankshaft 3 rotates in the circumferential direction.
  • the friction pair formed between II32 and the cover crankshaft seat 21 facilitates sufficient lubrication of the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I31 and the box crankshaft seat 11 and the crankshaft journal II32 and the cover crankshaft seat 21;
  • the box body drainage channel includes a box body drainage inlet opened on the box body crankshaft seat 11 and a box body oil storage tank 14 opened on the inner circular surface of the box body crankshaft seat hole 12.
  • the box body drainage inlet Correspond to the flow direction of the tank oil baffle ribs (referring to the direction of the flow of lubricating oil drawn by the tank oil baffle ribs, such as near the root of the tank oil baffle ribs, which will not be repeated here) and along Radially penetrates the box crankshaft seat 11 to the box crankshaft seat hole 12; the lubricating oil blocked and collected by the box oil retaining rib 15 enters the box crankshaft seat seat hole 12 along the box drainage inlet, and is opened in the box crankshaft
  • the oil storage of the box oil storage groove 14 on the inner surface of the seat hole 12 further facilitates the lubrication of the friction pair formed between the box crankshaft seat 11 and the crankshaft journal I31 and reduces wear; the number of the box oil storage grooves 14 can be determined
  • the cover drainage channel includes a cover drainage inlet opened on the cover crankshaft seat 21 and a cover oil storage groove 24 opened on the inner circular surface of the cover crankshaft seat hole 22, the cover drainage inlet and the cover
  • the flow direction of the oil baffle ribs corresponds to the flow direction (refers to the direction corresponding to the flow direction of the lubricating oil drawn by the oil baffle rib of the cover, such as near the root of the oil baffle rib of the cover, which will not be repeated here) and penetrates the cover in the radial direction Crankshaft seat 21 to the cover crankshaft seat seat hole 22; the lubricating oil blocked and collected by the box cover oil stop rib 25 enters the box cover crankshaft seat seat hole 22 along the box cover drainage inlet, and is opened in the box cover crankshaft seat seat hole 22
  • the oil storage of the tank cover oil tank 24 on the round surface further facilitates the lubrication of the friction pair formed between the cover crankshaft seat 21 and the crankshaft journal II32 and reduces wear; the
  • the box cover drainage inlet includes a box cover drainage hole 26 located near the axial middle of the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and radially penetrating the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and arranged on the axially inner end surface of the box cover crankshaft seat 21
  • the tank cover drainage groove 23 penetrates radially;
  • the tank cover oil stop rib 25 blocks the collected lubricating oil and can enter the cover crankshaft seat hole 22 through the tank cover drainage hole 26 and the tank cover drainage groove 23 at the same time, which is the cover crankshaft
  • the friction pair formed between the seat 21 and the crankshaft journal II32 provides sufficient lubrication and reduces wear;
  • the box body drainage inlet includes a box body located near the axial middle of the box body crankshaft seat 11 and radially through the box body crankshaft seat 11
  • the drainage hole 16 and the box cover drainage groove 13 arranged on the axial inner end surface of the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and penetrated radially;
  • the box body oil retaining rib 15 blocks
  • the upper part of the tank cover is located in the inner circle of the cover crankshaft seat hole and connected to the drain inlet of the cover, and the upper part of the tank cover is located in the inner circle of the crankshaft seat seat hole and communicates with the case body.
  • Drainage inlet as shown in the figure, the tank cover oil tank is connected to the tank drainage groove and the tank cover drain hole, and the tank cover oil tank is connected to the tank body flow groove and the tank cover body orifice, which is conducive to the smooth circulation of lubricating oil.
  • the box body drainage hole 16 and the box body drainage The grooves 13 are all connected to a box body oil storage groove 14, and the box body drainage hole 16 and the box body drainage groove 13 and the box body oil storage groove 14 are located in the drainage area formed by the box body oil retaining rib 15, which is conducive to sufficient lubricating oil Storage to ensure sufficient lubrication of the friction pair formed between the box crankshaft seat 11 and the crankshaft journal II31; as shown in the figure, the box drainage groove and box drainage hole correspond to the box oil storage groove in the circumferential direction
  • the tank cover drainage groove and the tank cover drainage hole correspond to and communicate with the tank cover oil storage tank in the circumferential direction; this structure can directly flow into the tank body oil storage tank and the tank cover oil storage tank, which is good for drainage .
  • the box body drainage groove 13 and the box cover drainage groove 23 can be groove-shaped or notched-shaped; the box body drainage groove 13 and the box body oil storage groove 14 are correspondingly butted, and the cross section of the box body drainage groove 13
  • the width is the same as the box body oil storage tank 14, the box cover drainage groove 23 and the box cover oil storage groove 24 are correspondingly butted, and the cross section width of the box cover drainage groove 23 is the same as that of the box cover oil storage groove 24.
  • the cover drainage groove 23 introduces the lubricating oil into the box body oil storage groove 14 and the box cover oil storage groove 14 respectively, so that enough lubricating oil enters the friction surface of the box crankshaft seat 11 and the box cover crankshaft seat 21 and the crankshaft 3 and is fully lubricated;
  • the edges of the crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and the crankshaft oil storage groove II321 in the circumferential direction are transitioned by a circular arc chamfering smooth surface, and the circular arc chamfering is formed between the inner circle of the case crankshaft seat and the case cover crankshaft seat.
  • the arc-shaped smooth transition and rotation contact, the crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and the crankshaft oil storage groove II321 transition in the circumferential direction to the smooth transition at the outer circle of the journal.
  • the edges of the crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and the crankshaft oil storage groove II321 of this structure can effectively avoid damage to the lubricating oil.
  • the oil film helps to guide the lubricating oil back into the crankshaft oil storage tank I311 and the crankshaft oil storage tank II321, which is beneficial to recycle into the lubricating rotating surface and better lubricate the crankshaft journal.
  • the height of the box cover oil retaining rib 25 is at least flush with the axially inner end surface of the box cover crankshaft seat 21; the height of the box body oil retaining rib 15 is at least the same as the axial direction of the box crankshaft seat 11. The inner end surface is flush; the height setting of the oil retaining rib is conducive to the case oil retaining rib 15 and the cover oil retaining rib 25 to block more lubricating oil thrown by the oil sling key, which is beneficial for the crankshaft journal I31 and the crankshaft seat of the case. 11 and the friction surface between the crankshaft journal II32 and the cover crankshaft seat 21 provide sufficient lubricating oil;
  • the tank oil storage tank 14 and the tank cover oil tank 24 are both axially straight grooves, and the crankshaft oil storage tank I311 and crankshaft oil storage tank II321 are also corresponding to the axial straight grooves; this is beneficial to the tank oil storage tank 14 Correspondence with crankshaft oil storage groove I311 and cover oil storage groove 24 and crankshaft oil storage groove II321 and stores lubricating oil, and at the same time facilitates the lubrication of the crankshaft journal I31 and the case crankshaft seat 11 when the crankshaft 3 rotates in the circumferential direction. And the friction surface with crankshaft journal II32 and cover crankshaft seat 21 to reduce wear;
  • the box oil baffle rib 15 extends radially outward and is located on the upper part of the box crankshaft seat and forms a box fan-shaped drainage area between the adjacent box reinforcement ribs 17, as shown in the figure, the box The root of the oil baffle rib 15 is connected to the crankshaft seat 12 of the box body and extends radially outward.
  • the box body drainage hole and the box body drainage groove correspond to the fan-shaped drainage area of the box body;
  • the box cover oil baffle rib 25 Extending radially outwards, it is located at the upper part of the crankshaft seat of the cover and forms a fan-shaped drainage area between the adjacent cover reinforcement ribs 27.
  • the case cover crankshaft seat is connected to the case crankshaft seat and extends radially outwards.
  • the lubricating oil thrown by the engine inner connecting rod oil thrower is blocked by the case oil stop rib 15 and the case cover
  • the oil baffle rib 25 blocks collection and flows along the fan-shaped drainage area to the side of the box crankshaft seat 11 and the box cover crankshaft seat 21, and is introduced into the box crankshaft seat seat hole 12 and through the box through the box drainage hole 16 and the box drainage groove 13
  • the cover drainage hole 26 and the cover drainage groove 23 are introduced into the cover crankshaft seat seat hole 22 to provide more friction for the friction pair formed between the crankshaft journal I31 and the box crankshaft seat 11 and between the crankshaft journal II32 and the box cover crankshaft seat 21. More lubricating oil;

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Abstract

一种发动机，包括曲轴箱体(1)、曲轴箱盖(2)和曲轴(3)；曲轴箱体（1）上设有用于支撑曲轴轴颈I（31）的箱体曲轴座（11），曲轴箱盖（2）上设置有用于支撑曲轴轴颈II（32）的箱盖曲轴座（21）；曲轴箱体（1）内侧与箱体曲轴座（11）相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱体曲轴座（11）的箱体挡油肋（15）；箱体曲轴座（11）设有将来自箱体挡油肋（15）的润滑油引至箱体曲轴座座孔（12）的箱体引流道；通过采用特殊油道设计替代轴承并增加导油及储油结构，特别是在曲轴上设计储油槽，利于储油及对摩擦副的润滑，利于发动机的轻量化，提升发动机功重比及降低成本，同时利于降低发动机因滚动轴承产生的噪声，提升声音品质；且结构简单便于制造。

Description

发动机 技术领域
本发明涉及热机领域，具体涉及一种发动机。
背景技术
发动机润滑系统用于在发动机工作时连续不断地将数量足够而温度适当的洁净润滑油输送到运动零件的摩擦表面，并在摩擦表面之间形成油膜，使摩擦阻力减小、功率消耗降低和机件磨损减轻，以提高发动机工作的可靠性和耐久性。
现有技术中，发动机的曲轴飞溅润滑往往采用轴承支撑，轴承的使用不仅增加了发动机重量，不利于发动机的轻量化，且轴承滚动不可避免的带来噪音，同时增加了成本。现有的取消轴承的小型发动机往往采用增加独立润滑装置的方式进行润滑，不利于发动机的轻量化，且导致工艺步骤复杂化及成本增加；专利CN104564221涉及一种强润滑型曲轴箱及其汽油机，通过在箱体箱盖曲轴孔上增加润滑油槽来提高曲轴轴承润滑效果，将该方案应用在小型发动机上进行试验验证，得到的实验结果为：存在取消轴承的曲轴磨合面润滑不充分，工作80小时即造成润滑不足使曲轴和曲轴座孔因润滑不足而抱死的问题。
基于以上问题，本发明提供一种发动机。该发动机通过采用特殊油道设计替代轴承，且在箱体曲轴座座孔和箱盖曲轴座座孔处增加导油结构，特别是曲轴轴颈上设计有储油槽，利于储油及对曲轴和曲轴箱体间及曲轴与曲轴箱盖间形成的摩擦副的润滑，利于发动机的轻量化，提升发动机功重比及降低成本，同时，利于降低发动机因滚动轴承产生的噪声，提升发动机声音品质；且结构简单便于制造。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
有鉴于此，本发明提供的发动机，通过采用特殊油道设计替代轴承，且在箱体 曲轴座座孔和箱盖曲轴座座孔处增加导油结构，特别是曲轴轴颈上设计有储油槽，利于储油及对曲轴和曲轴箱体间及曲轴与曲轴箱盖间形成的摩擦副的润滑，利于发动机的轻量化，提升发动机功重比及降低成本，同时，利于降低发动机因滚动轴承产生的噪声，提升发动机声音品质；且结构简单便于制造。
本发明的发动机，包括曲轴箱体、曲轴箱盖和曲轴；所述曲轴箱体上设有用于支撑曲轴轴颈I的箱体曲轴座，曲轴箱盖上设置有用于支撑曲轴轴颈II的箱盖曲轴座；
所述曲轴轴颈I外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽I，曲轴储油槽I在轴向上部分或全部位于箱体曲轴座座孔所在区域，曲轴轴颈II外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽II，曲轴储油槽II在轴向上部分或全部位于箱盖曲轴座座孔所在区域；一般结构上曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II在曲轴安装后应对应位于箱体曲轴座座孔内和箱盖曲轴座座孔内的区域，当然，部分位于座孔内依然具有设定的效果，在此不再赘述；该结构利于润滑油的储存及为箱体曲轴座和曲轴轴颈I间以箱盖曲轴座和曲轴轴颈II间的摩擦面提供更多的润滑油，利于保证箱体曲轴座和曲轴轴颈I间以及箱盖曲轴座21和曲轴轴颈II32间的摩擦面的润滑；随着曲轴沿圆周方向转动，润滑油会分别进入曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II内形成储油，并随着曲轴沿圆周方向转动带至曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及与曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间形成的摩擦副，利于曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑；
进一步，所述曲轴箱体内侧与箱体曲轴座相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱体曲轴座的箱体挡油肋；利于阻挡曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油；所述箱体挡油肋设置于箱体曲轴座上方径向外侧；
所述箱体曲轴座设有将来自箱体挡油肋的润滑油引至箱体曲轴座座孔的箱体引流道；曲轴装配后，由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油在曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时被箱体挡油肋阻挡，被阻挡的润滑油通过箱体引流道进入箱体曲轴座座孔内，利于对箱体曲轴座和曲轴轴颈I间形成的摩擦副的润滑；
所述曲轴箱盖内侧与箱盖曲轴座相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑 油引导至箱盖曲轴座的箱盖挡油肋；利于阻挡曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油；所述箱盖挡油肋设置于箱盖曲轴座上方径向外侧；
所述箱盖曲轴座设有将来自箱盖挡油肋的润滑油引至箱盖曲轴座座孔的箱体引流道；曲轴装配后，由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油在曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时被箱盖挡油肋阻挡，被阻挡的润滑油通过箱盖引流道进入箱盖曲轴座座孔内，利于对箱盖曲轴座和曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副的润滑。
进一步，所述曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II沿圆周方向的两侧边缘平滑过渡，该平滑过渡可为在储油槽边缘进行圆角处理，该结构的曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II边缘可有效避免破坏掉润滑油的油膜，并利于引导润滑油回到曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II内，利于循环使用进入润滑转动面，更好的润滑曲轴轴颈。
进一步，所述箱体引流道包括开设于箱体曲轴座的箱体引流入口和开设于箱体曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱体储油槽，所述箱体引流入口与所述箱体挡油肋引流流向对应(指的是位于箱体挡油肋所引润滑油的流动方向相对应，比如位于箱体挡油肋的根部附近，在此不再赘述)并沿径向贯穿箱体曲轴座至箱体曲轴座座孔内；箱体挡油肋阻挡收集的润滑油沿着箱体引流入口进入箱体曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱体储油槽，对箱体曲轴座与曲轴轴颈I间形成的摩擦副进行充分润滑，减少磨损；所述箱体储油槽的数量可根据实际润滑需要设定；
所述箱盖引流道包括开设于箱盖曲轴座的箱盖引流入口和开设于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱盖储油槽，所述箱盖引流入口与所述箱盖挡油肋引流流向对应(指的是位于箱盖挡油肋所引润滑油的流动方向相对应，比如位于箱盖挡油肋的根部附近，在此不再赘述)并沿径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座至箱盖曲轴座座孔内；箱盖挡油肋阻挡收集的润滑油沿着箱盖引流入口进入箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱盖储油槽，对箱盖曲轴座与曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副进行充分润滑，减少磨损；所述箱盖储油槽的数量可根据实际润滑需要设定；随着曲轴沿圆周方向转动，所述曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II分别与箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽对应对齐时，箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽中储存的润滑油会分别进入曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II内形成储油，并随着曲轴沿圆周方向转动带至曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座 及与曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间形成的摩擦副，利于曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑。
进一步，所述箱盖引流入口包括位于箱盖曲轴座轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座的箱盖引流孔和设置于箱盖曲轴座轴向内侧端面并径向贯穿的箱盖引流槽；利于箱盖挡油肋阻挡收集的润滑油可同时通过箱盖引流孔和箱盖引流槽进入箱盖曲轴座座孔中，为箱盖曲轴座与曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副提供充足的润滑油，对箱盖曲轴座与曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副充分润滑，减少磨损；所述箱体引流入口包括位于箱体曲轴座轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱体曲轴座的箱体引流孔和设置于箱体曲轴座轴向内侧端面并径向贯穿的箱体引流槽；利于箱体挡油肋阻挡收集的润滑油通过箱体引流槽进入箱体曲轴座座孔中，为箱体曲轴座与曲轴轴颈I间形成的摩擦副提供充足的润滑油，对箱体曲轴座与曲轴轴颈I间形成的摩擦副充分润滑，减少磨损；
所述箱体引流槽和箱盖引流槽可为槽型或缺口型；所述箱体引流槽与箱体储油槽对应相接，所述箱体引流横槽截面大小的设定使充足的润滑油能够通过箱体引流槽进入箱体曲轴座座孔内；所述箱盖引流槽与箱盖储油槽对应相接，所述箱盖引流槽横截面大小的设定使充足的润滑油能够通过箱盖引流槽进入箱盖曲轴座座孔内；所述箱体引流槽和箱盖引流槽的形状设定以利于连通曲轴箱体内腔与箱体曲轴座座孔及曲轴箱盖内腔与箱盖曲轴座座孔，并使足够的润滑油进入箱体曲轴座和箱盖曲轴座与曲轴的摩擦面并使箱体曲轴座和箱盖曲轴座与曲轴的摩擦副得到充分润滑为宜，不限于开槽或缺口形状；
所述箱盖储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱盖引流入口，箱体储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱体引流入口；如图所示，箱盖储油槽对应连通于箱引流槽和箱盖引流孔，箱盖储油槽对应连通于箱体流槽和箱盖体流孔，利于润滑油的顺畅流通，进一步利于保证对箱盖曲轴座与曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑以及箱体曲轴座与曲轴轴颈I间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑；
进一步，所述箱盖挡油肋的高度至少与箱盖曲轴座的轴向内侧端面平齐；所述箱体挡油肋的高度至少与箱体曲轴座的轴向内侧端面平齐；所述箱体挡油肋和 箱体挡油肋的高度设定利于使箱体挡油肋和箱盖挡油肋阻挡更多的由发动机内连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油，从而利于为曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间的摩擦面提供充足的润滑油；
进一步，所述箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽均为轴向直槽，所述曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II也对应为轴向直槽；利于箱体储油槽与曲轴储油槽I及箱盖储油槽与曲轴储油槽II间的对应及存储润滑油，同时利于曲轴沿圆周方向转动时储油槽内的润滑油随之涂至曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及与曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间的摩擦面，从而利于对曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及与曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座的摩擦面的润滑，减少磨损；
进一步，所述箱体挡油肋沿径向向外延伸位于箱体曲轴座上部且与相邻箱体加强筋之间形成箱体扇形引流区域，如图所示，箱体挡油肋根部与箱体曲轴座相接，沿径向向外延伸，所述箱体引流孔和箱体引流槽对应于所述箱体扇形引流区域；所述箱盖挡油肋沿径向向外延伸位于箱盖曲轴座上部且与相邻箱盖加强筋之间形成箱盖扇形引流区域，如图所示，箱盖挡油肋根部以及箱体挡油肋根部对应与箱盖曲轴座和箱体曲轴座相接，沿径向向外延伸；所述箱盖引流孔和箱盖引流槽对应于所述箱盖扇形引流区域；利于在曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油被阻挡收集并沿着扇形引流区域流向箱体曲轴座及箱盖曲轴座侧，通过箱体引流孔和箱体引流槽引入箱体曲轴座座孔内及通过箱盖引流孔和箱盖引流槽引入箱盖曲轴座座孔内，为曲轴轴颈I与箱体曲轴座及与曲轴轴颈II和箱盖曲轴座间形成的摩擦副提供更多的润滑油。
进一步，所述箱体引流槽和箱体引流孔与箱体储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通，所述箱盖引流槽和箱盖引流孔与箱盖储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通；该结构润滑油可直接流动进入箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽，利于引流。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的发动机通过采用特殊油道设计替代轴承，并在箱体曲轴座座孔和箱盖曲轴座座孔处增加导油结构，特别是在曲轴上设计有储油槽，利于储油及对曲轴轴颈I和曲轴箱体间及曲轴轴颈II与曲轴箱盖间形 成的摩擦副的润滑，利于发动机的轻量化，提升发动机功重比及降低成本，同时，利于降低发动机因滚动轴承产生的噪声，提升发动机声音品质；且结构简单便于制造。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为本发明的曲轴箱体结构示意图。
图2为本发明的曲轴箱体引流孔示意图。
图3为本发明的曲轴箱盖结构示意图。
图4为本发明的曲轴箱盖引流孔示意图。
图5为本发明的曲轴(带储油槽)结构示意图。
图6为本发明的曲轴储油槽部截面图。
图7为图6的A-A向放大图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
图1为本发明的曲轴箱体结构示意图，图2为本发明的曲轴箱体引流孔示意图，图3为本发明的曲轴箱盖结构示意图，图4为本发明的曲轴箱盖引流孔示意图，图5为本发明的曲轴(带储油槽)结构示意图，图6为本发明的曲轴储油槽剖面图，图7为图6的A-A向放大图，如图所示：本实施例的发动机，包括曲轴箱体1、曲轴箱盖2和曲轴3；所述曲轴箱体1上设有用于支撑曲轴轴颈I31的箱体曲轴座11，曲轴箱盖2上设置有用于支撑曲轴轴颈II32的箱盖曲轴座21；
本实施例在使用时，所述曲轴箱体1内侧与箱体曲轴座11相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱体曲轴座11的箱体挡油肋15；利于阻挡曲轴3并引流曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油，所述箱体挡油肋15设置于箱体曲轴座11上方的径向外侧；
所述箱体曲轴座11设有将来自箱体挡油肋15的润滑油引至箱体曲轴座座孔12的箱体引流道；曲轴3装配后，由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油在曲轴3沿圆周方向旋转时被箱体挡油肋15阻挡，被阻挡并引流的润滑油通过箱体引流道 进入箱体曲轴座座孔12内，利于对箱体曲轴座11和曲轴轴颈I31间形成的摩擦副的润滑。
本实施例中，所述曲轴箱盖2与曲轴箱体1安装后，所述曲轴箱盖2内侧与箱盖曲轴座21相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱盖曲轴座21的箱盖挡油肋25，利于阻挡曲轴3并引流曲轴沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油；所述箱盖挡油肋25设置于箱盖曲轴座21上方的径向外侧；
所述箱盖曲轴座21设有将来自箱盖挡油肋25的润滑油引至箱盖曲轴座座孔22的箱体引流道；曲轴装配后，由发动机内的连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油在曲轴3沿圆周方向旋转时被箱盖挡油肋25阻挡，被阻挡并引流的润滑油通过箱盖引流道进入箱盖曲轴座座孔22内，利于对箱盖曲轴座21和曲轴轴颈II32间形成的摩擦副的润滑。
所述曲轴轴颈I31外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽I311，曲轴储油槽I311在轴向上部分或全部位于箱体曲轴座座孔12所在区域；曲轴轴颈II32外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽II321，曲轴储油槽II321在轴向上部分或全部位于箱盖曲轴座座孔22所在区域；一般结构上曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II在曲轴安装后应对应位于箱体曲轴座座孔内和箱盖曲轴座座孔内的区域，当然，部分位于座孔内依然具有设定的效果，在此不再赘述；该结构利于润滑油的储存及为箱体曲轴座11和曲轴轴颈I31间以箱盖曲轴座21和曲轴轴颈II32间的摩擦面提供更多的润滑油，利于保证箱体曲轴座11和曲轴轴颈I31间以及箱盖曲轴座21和曲轴轴颈II32间的摩擦面的润滑；随着曲轴3沿圆周方向转动，所述曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321分别与箱体储油槽14和箱盖储油槽24对应对齐时，箱体储油槽14和箱盖储油槽24中储存的润滑油会分别进入曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321内形成储油，并随着曲轴3沿圆周方向转动带至曲轴轴颈I31与箱体曲轴座11及与曲轴轴颈II32和箱盖曲轴座21间形成的摩擦副，利于曲轴轴颈I31与箱体曲轴座11及曲轴轴颈II32和箱盖曲轴座21间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑；
本实施例中，所述箱体引流道包括开设于箱体曲轴座11的箱体引流入口和开设于箱体曲轴座座孔12内圆表面的箱体储油槽14，所述箱体引流入口与所述箱体 挡油肋引流流向对应(指的是位于箱体挡油肋所引润滑油的流动方向相对应，比如位于箱体挡油肋的根部附近，在此不再赘述)并沿径向贯穿箱体曲轴座11至箱体曲轴座座孔12内；箱体挡油肋15阻挡并收集的润滑油沿着箱体引流入口进入箱体曲轴座座孔12，开设于箱体曲轴座座孔12内圆表面的箱体储油槽14的储油进一步利于对箱体曲轴座11与曲轴轴颈I31间形成的摩擦副润滑，减少磨损；所述箱体储油槽14的数量可根据实际润滑需要设定；
所述箱盖引流道包括开设于箱盖曲轴座21的箱盖引流入口和开设于箱盖曲轴座座孔22内圆表面的箱盖储油槽24，所述箱盖引流入口与所述箱盖挡油肋引流流向对应(指的是位于箱盖挡油肋所引润滑油的流动方向相对应，比如位于箱盖挡油肋的根部附近，在此不再赘述)并沿径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座21至箱盖曲轴座座孔22内；箱盖挡油肋25阻挡并收集的润滑油沿着箱盖引流入口进入箱盖曲轴座座孔22，开设于箱盖曲轴座座孔22内圆表面的箱盖储油槽24的储油进一步利于对箱盖曲轴座21与曲轴轴颈II32间形成的摩擦副润滑，减少磨损；所述箱盖储油槽的数量可根据实际润滑需要设定；
本实施例中，所述箱盖引流入口包括位于箱盖曲轴座21轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座21的箱盖引流孔26和设置于箱盖曲轴座21轴向内侧端面并径向贯穿的箱盖引流槽23；箱盖挡油肋25阻挡收集的润滑油可同时通过箱盖引流孔26和箱盖引流槽23进入箱盖曲轴座座孔22中，为箱盖曲轴座21与曲轴轴颈II32间形成的摩擦副提供充分的润滑，减少磨损；所述箱体引流入口包括位于箱体曲轴座11轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱体曲轴座11的箱体引流孔16和设置于箱盖曲轴座21轴向内侧端面并径向贯穿的箱盖引流槽13；箱体挡油肋15阻挡收集的润滑油通过箱体引流孔16和箱体引流槽13进入箱体曲轴座座孔12中，为箱体曲轴座11与曲轴轴颈I31间形成的摩擦副提供充分的润滑，减少磨损；
本实施例中，所述箱盖储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱盖引流入口，箱体储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱体引流入口；如图所示，箱盖储油槽对应连通于箱引流槽和箱盖引流孔，箱盖储油槽对应连通于箱体流槽和箱盖体流孔，利于润滑油的顺畅流通，进一步利于保证对箱盖曲轴座与曲轴轴颈II间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑以及箱体曲轴座与曲轴轴颈I间形成 的摩擦副的充分润滑；所述箱体引流孔16和箱体引流槽13均连通于一个箱体储油槽14，且箱体引流孔16和箱体引流槽13及该箱体储油槽14位于箱体挡油肋15形成的引流区域，该利于足够的润滑油的储存，保证对箱体曲轴座11与曲轴轴颈II31间形成的摩擦副的充分润滑；如图所示，所述箱体引流槽和箱体引流孔与箱体储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通，所述箱盖引流槽和箱盖引流孔与箱盖储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通；该结构润滑油可直接流动进入箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽，利于引流。
本实施例中，所述箱体引流槽13和箱盖引流槽23可为槽型或缺口型；所述箱体引流槽13与箱体储油槽14的对应对接，箱体引流槽13横截面宽度与箱体储油槽14相同，所述箱盖引流槽23与箱盖储油槽24对应对接，箱盖引流槽23横截面宽度与箱盖储油槽24相同，所述箱体引流槽13和箱盖引流槽23分别将润滑油引入箱体储油槽14和箱盖储油槽14中，使足够的润滑油进入箱体曲轴座11和箱盖曲轴座21与曲轴3的摩擦面并充分润滑；
本实施例中，所述曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321沿圆周方向的边缘通过圆弧倒角平滑面过渡，圆弧倒角与箱体曲轴座以及箱盖曲轴座的内圆之间形成弧形平滑过渡转动接触，曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321沿圆周方向过渡至轴颈外圆处平滑过渡，该结构的曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321边缘可有效避免破坏掉润滑油的油膜，并利于引导润滑油回到曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321内，利于循环使用进入润滑转动面，更好的润滑曲轴轴颈。
本实施例中，所述箱盖挡油肋25的高度至少与箱盖曲轴座21的轴向内侧端面平齐；所述箱体挡油肋15的高度至少与箱体曲轴座11的轴向内侧端面平齐；挡油肋的高度设定利于使箱体挡油肋15和箱盖挡油肋25阻挡更多甩油匙甩起的润滑油，利于为曲轴轴颈I31与箱体曲轴座11及曲轴轴颈II32和箱盖曲轴座21间的摩擦面提供充足的润滑油；
本实施例中，所述箱体储油槽14和箱盖储油槽24均为轴向直槽，所述曲轴储油槽I311和曲轴储油槽II321也对应为轴向直槽；利于箱体储油槽14与曲轴储油槽I311及箱盖储油槽24与曲轴储油槽II321间的对应及存储润滑油，同时利于曲轴3沿圆周方向转动时储油槽内的润滑油润滑曲轴轴颈I31与箱体曲轴座11及与曲轴轴 颈II32和箱盖曲轴座21间的摩擦面，减少磨损；
本实施例中，所述箱体挡油肋15沿径向向外延伸位于箱体曲轴座上部且与相邻箱体加强筋17之间形成箱体扇形引流区域，如图所示，箱体挡油肋15根部与箱体曲轴座12相接，沿径向向外延伸，所述箱体引流孔和箱体引流槽对应于所述箱体扇形引流区域；所述箱盖挡油肋25沿径向向外延伸位于箱盖曲轴座上部且与相邻箱盖加强筋27之间形成箱盖扇形引流区域，如图所示，箱盖挡油肋根部以及箱体挡油肋根部对应与箱盖曲轴座和箱体曲轴座相接，沿径向向外延伸，在曲轴3沿圆周方向旋转时由发动机内连杆甩油匙甩起的润滑油被箱体挡油肋15和箱盖挡油肋25阻挡收集并沿着扇形引流区域流向箱体曲轴座11及箱盖曲轴座21侧，通过箱体引流孔16和箱体引流槽13引入箱体曲轴座座孔12内及通过箱盖引流孔26和箱盖引流槽23引入箱盖曲轴座座孔22内，为曲轴轴颈I31与箱体曲轴座11及与曲轴轴颈II32和箱盖曲轴座21间形成的摩擦副提供更多的润滑油；
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发动机，包括曲轴箱体、曲轴箱盖和曲轴；所述曲轴箱体设有用于支撑曲轴轴颈I的箱体曲轴座，曲轴箱盖上设置有用于支撑曲轴轴颈II的箱盖曲轴座，其特征在于：所述曲轴轴颈I外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽I，曲轴储油槽I在轴向部分或全部位于箱体曲轴座座孔所在区域，曲轴轴颈II外圆表面设有曲轴储油槽II，曲轴储油槽II在轴向部分或全部位于箱盖曲轴座座孔所在区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述曲轴箱体内侧与箱体曲轴座相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱体曲轴座的箱体挡油肋；所述箱体曲轴座设有将来自箱体挡油肋的润滑油引至箱体曲轴座座孔的箱体引流道和箱体引流道；所述曲轴箱盖内侧与箱盖曲轴座相对应靠上设有用于依靠重力将飞溅来的润滑油引导至箱盖曲轴座的箱盖挡油肋；所述箱盖曲轴座设有将来自箱盖挡油肋的润滑油引至箱盖曲轴座座孔的箱盖引流道。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱体引流道包括开设于箱体曲轴座的箱体引流入口和开设于箱体曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱体储油槽，所述箱体引流入口与所述箱体挡油肋引流流向对应并沿径向贯穿箱体曲轴座至箱体曲轴座座孔内；所述箱盖引流道包括开设于箱盖曲轴座的箱盖引流入口和开设于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆表面的箱盖储油槽，所述箱盖引流入口与所述箱盖挡油肋引流流向对应并沿径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座至箱盖曲轴座座孔内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱盖引流入口包括位于箱盖曲轴座轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱盖曲轴座的箱盖引流孔和设置于箱盖曲轴座轴向内侧端面并径向贯穿的箱盖引流槽；所述箱体引流入口包括位于箱体曲轴座轴向的中部附近并径向贯穿箱体曲轴座的箱体引流孔和设置于箱体曲轴座轴向内侧 端面并径向贯穿的箱体引流槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱体挡油肋沿径向向外延伸位于箱体曲轴座上部且与相邻箱体加强筋之间形成箱体扇形引流区域，所述箱体引流孔和箱体引流槽对应于所述箱体扇形引流区域；所述箱盖挡油肋沿径向向外延伸位于箱盖曲轴座上部且与相邻箱盖加强筋之间形成箱盖扇形引流区域，所述箱盖引流孔和箱盖引流槽对应于所述箱盖扇形引流区域。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱盖储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱盖引流入口，箱体储油槽靠上位于箱盖曲轴座座孔内圆并连通于箱体引流入口。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述曲轴储油槽I和曲轴储油槽II均为沿曲轴圆周方向的边缘通过圆弧倒角平滑过渡的轴向直槽。
  8. 根据权利要求2至6任一权利要求所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱盖挡油肋的高度至少与箱盖曲轴座的轴向内侧端面平齐；所述箱体挡油肋的高度至少与箱体曲轴座的轴向内侧端面平齐。
  9. 根据权利要求3至6任一权利要求所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱体储油槽和箱盖储油槽均为沿曲轴圆周方向的两侧边缘通过圆弧倒角平滑过渡的轴向直槽。
  10. 根据权利要求4或5所述的发动机，其特征在于：所述箱体引流槽和箱体引流孔与箱体储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通，所述箱盖引流槽和箱盖引流孔与箱盖储油槽在圆周方向上位置对应并相连通。
PCT/CN2020/079083 2019-06-21 2020-03-13 发动机 WO2020253276A1 (zh)

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