WO2020238135A1 - 全地形车及其车架 - Google Patents

全地形车及其车架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020238135A1
WO2020238135A1 PCT/CN2019/123376 CN2019123376W WO2020238135A1 WO 2020238135 A1 WO2020238135 A1 WO 2020238135A1 CN 2019123376 W CN2019123376 W CN 2019123376W WO 2020238135 A1 WO2020238135 A1 WO 2020238135A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
beams
connecting beam
terrain vehicle
beam assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/123376
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李大华
徐辉
Original Assignee
北京致行慕远科技有限公司
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Application filed by 北京致行慕远科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京致行慕远科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020238135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020238135A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/01—Motorcycles with four or more wheels

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of all-terrain vehicles, in particular to an all-terrain vehicle and its frame.
  • the frame of all-terrain vehicles is mostly composed of four parts welded together: front assembly, rear assembly, upper assembly and bottom assembly; the engines are also arranged in a formal installation, and the exhaust muffler can only extend from the front. To the end, this forms a relatively long heat-generating high-temperature zone, which brings more trouble when arranging oil circuits and electrical components, especially some relatively large and temperature-sensitive electrical components. There is no way to arrange it.
  • one purpose of the present application is to provide a frame for an all-terrain vehicle, which has good structural reliability and can arrange various devices reasonably, so that the overall layout of the all-terrain vehicle is reasonable.
  • This application further proposes an all-terrain vehicle.
  • the all-terrain vehicle includes an engine, and the frame includes: an upper main beam assembly, the upper main beam assembly includes two upper main beams spaced left and right; a lower main beam assembly, a lower main beam assembly includes Two lower main beams spaced left and right, the lower main beam assembly is located below the upper main beam assembly; the first connecting beam assembly, the first connecting beam assembly includes two left and right spaced first connecting beams, and each first connecting beam is connected Between the upper and lower corresponding upper and lower main beams; the second connecting beam assembly, the second connecting beam assembly includes two second connecting beams spaced left and right, each second connecting beam is connected to the upper and lower corresponding upper main beams And the lower main beam; a third connecting beam assembly, the third connecting beam assembly includes two left and right third connecting beams, each third connecting beam is connected between the upper and lower corresponding upper and lower main beams; The fourth connecting beam assembly, the fourth connecting beam assembly includes two left and right fourth connecting beams, each fourth connecting beam is connected between the upper and right;
  • the engine can be arranged in reverse, that is, the cylinder head extends backward and upward, which can increase the distance between the cylinder head and the electronic control device, and can ensure the working reliability of the electronic control device.
  • the upper main beam assembly and the lower main beam assembly are both provided with engine mounting parts.
  • the lower main beam assembly further includes: a bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected between the two lower main beams, the engine is adapted to be arranged on the bottom plate, and the body lifting lugs for fixing the engine are provided on the bottom plate. It is one of the engine mounting parts.
  • At least one of the two upper main beams is provided with a cylinder head lifting lug for fixing the engine, and the cylinder head lifting lug is another of the engine mounting parts.
  • each lower main beam includes: a front straight section, an outer expansion section, a middle straight section, an inner contraction section, and a rear straight section that are sequentially connected from front to back, and the lower end of the third connecting beam The lower end of the fourth connecting beam is connected to the inner contraction section.
  • the third connecting beam and the fourth connecting beam are arranged obliquely to the lower main beam, the upper end of the third connecting beam is located above and behind the lower end, and the upper end of the fourth connecting beam is located above and behind the lower end. .
  • the distance from the third connecting beam to the fourth connecting beam on the same side is greater than the distance from the second connecting beam on the same side, and the distance from the first connecting beam to the second connecting beam on the same side distance.
  • a first reinforcing beam is provided between the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam on the same side, and a second reinforcing beam is provided between the second connecting beam and the third connecting beam on the same side.
  • the frame further includes: a fifth connecting beam assembly, the fifth connecting beam assembly includes two left and right fifth connecting beams, each fifth connecting beam is connected to the upper and lower corresponding upper main beam Between the rear end and the rear end of the lower main beam, the fifth connecting beam assembly is located behind the fourth connecting beam assembly.
  • a third reinforcing beam is provided between the fourth connecting beam and the fifth connecting beam on the same side.
  • the rear part of the upper main beam is configured as a rear inclined section inclined backward and downward
  • the fifth connecting beam is connected to the rear end of the rear inclined section and has an overhang section that extends upwardly beyond the rear inclined section.
  • an inclined fourth reinforcing beam is provided between the rear inclined section and the overhanging section, and the fourth reinforcing beam is provided with a heat sink mounting member.
  • an upper support beam is arranged between the two upper main beams
  • a lower support beam is arranged between the two lower main beams, and between the two first connecting beams and between the two second connecting beams.
  • Middle support beams are arranged between the two third connecting beams, and between the two fourth connecting beams.
  • the frame has multiple installation spaces, and the multiple installation spaces include a first installation space, a second installation space, a third installation space, and a fourth installation space that are arranged in sequence from front to back;
  • the space is used to install the steering device of the all-terrain vehicle
  • the second installation space is used to install the electronic control device of the all-terrain vehicle
  • the third installation space is used to install the powertrain of the all-terrain vehicle with an engine
  • the fourth installation space is used to Install exhaust systems for all-terrain vehicles.
  • a part of the upper main beam assembly, a part of the lower main beam assembly, the second connecting beam assembly and the third connecting beam assembly define a second installation space, and an electronic control device is provided in the second installation space Mount.
  • the front section of the two upper main beams, the upper section of the two first connecting beams, the upper section of the two second connecting beams, and the two first reinforcing beams together constitute the installation of the steering device of the all-terrain vehicle space.
  • the upper section of the two fourth connecting beams, the upper section of the two fifth connecting beams, the two third reinforcing beams and the rear section of the two upper main beams jointly define the exhaust of the all-terrain vehicle Installation space of the device.
  • a middle plate is arranged between the two second reinforcement beams, and the middle plate is used to support the power battery of the all-terrain vehicle.
  • the all-terrain vehicle according to the present application includes an engine; the frame of the all-terrain vehicle, and the engine is installed in the installation space.
  • the all-terrain vehicle further includes: a sub-frame and a fuel tank.
  • the sub-frame is arranged above the rear of the frame.
  • the sub-frame and the rear of the frame define a fifth installation space.
  • the installation space is used to install a part of the fuel tank, and the other part of the fuel tank is arranged on one side of the fifth installation space.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a frame of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Upper main beam assembly 11. Upper main beam; 11a, rear inclined section; 11b, front horizontal section; 12. upper support beam;
  • Steering device 300, electric control device; 310, power battery; 320, controller;
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 may include: a steering device 200, an electronic control device 300, a powertrain 400, an exhaust device 500, a fuel tank 600, wheels 700, and a frame 100
  • the above-mentioned devices are all installed on the frame 100, and the frame 100 functions to install and fix various devices.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 can finally drive the wheels 700 to rotate through the cooperation of various devices to realize manned driving.
  • the frame 100 as a whole is composed of a plurality of beams and a plurality of rods connected together, and a plurality of installation spaces are sequentially formed in the front-rear direction, for example, a first installation space 100a, a second installation space 100b, In the third installation space 100c and the fourth installation space 100d, the steering device 200 is installed in the first installation space 100a, the electronic control device 300 is installed in the second installation space 100b, and the powertrain 400 is installed in the third installation space 100c, The exhaust device 500 is provided at the fourth installation space 100d.
  • this arrangement can facilitate the arrangement of the steering device 200, the electronic control device 300, the powertrain 400, and the exhaust device 500, and can effectively arrange the electronic control device 300 on the front side of the powertrain 400, which can be combined with the exhaust device 500 spaced apart, can prevent high-temperature exhaust gas from affecting the work of the electronic control device 300, and the frame 100 so arranged can also reduce the length of the exhaust device 500, can reduce the flow distance of the high-temperature exhaust gas, can simplify the all-terrain vehicle 1000 the whole frame.
  • the power assembly 400 includes an engine 410 and a power motor 420. Both the engine 410 and the power motor 420 can be used as power sources.
  • the engine 410 is gas-connected to the exhaust device 500, and the power motor 420 is electrically connected to the electronic control device 300.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 configured in this way can adopt different power sources, and can enrich the driving modes of the all-terrain vehicle 1000. For example, it can adopt a pure fuel driving mode, a pure electric driving mode, or a hybrid mode.
  • the sports performance of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 can be improved, and exhaust emissions can be reduced, and the environmental performance of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 can be improved.
  • the frame 100 may include: an upper main beam assembly 10, a connecting beam assembly 30, and a lower main beam assembly 20.
  • the connecting beam assembly 30 is connected to the upper main beam assembly 10 and the lower main beam.
  • the upper main beam assembly 10 is located above the connecting beam assembly 30 and the lower main beam assembly 20
  • the upper main beam assembly 10 forms the top of the frame 100
  • the lower main beam assembly 20 forms the bottom of the frame 100.
  • the connecting beam assemblies 30 may be in multiple groups.
  • the connecting beam assemblies 30 are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction (ie, the front-rear direction) of the frame 100.
  • the connecting beam assemblies 30 are arranged in the upper main beam assembly 10 and the lower main beam assembly 20.
  • the upper main beam assembly 10, the lower main beam assembly 20 and multiple sets of connecting beam assemblies 30 can jointly form multiple installation spaces.
  • the first installation space 100a, the second installation space 100b, the third installation space 100c, and the fourth installation space 100d, and the multiple sets of connecting beam assemblies 30 can protect the corresponding devices.
  • the upper main beam assembly 10 includes two upper main beams 11 spaced apart from the left and right.
  • the left and right direction is the transverse direction of the frame 100.
  • the two spaced upper main beams 11 can define the upper part of the frame 100 in the left and right direction.
  • the lower main beam assembly 20 includes two left and right lower main beams 21, and the two spaced apart lower main beams 21 can define a lateral width under the frame 100 in the left and right directions.
  • the lateral width between the two upper main beams 11 and the lateral width between the two lower main beams 21 may be different.
  • the lateral width of the front section of the two lower main beams 21 may be smaller than that of the two upper main beams.
  • the lateral width of the front section, the lateral width of the middle section of the two lower main beams 21 may be greater than the lateral width of the middle section of the two upper main beams 11, and the lateral width of the rear section of the two lower main beams 21 may be smaller than the rear section of the two upper main beams 11 The horizontal width.
  • the connecting beam assemblies 30 can be in five groups, which are, in order from front to back, the first connecting beam assembly 31, the second connecting beam assembly 32, the third connecting beam assembly 33, and the fourth connecting beam assembly 34.
  • each connecting beam assembly 30 includes two left and right connecting beams, the two connecting beams are respectively connected between the corresponding upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21, for example, located on the left side
  • the connecting beam is connected between the upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21 on the left
  • the connecting beam on the right is connected between the upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21 on the right.
  • the first connecting beam assembly 31 includes two first connecting beams 31a spaced left and right, and each first connecting beam 31a is connected between the upper and lower corresponding upper and lower main beams 11 and 21
  • the second connecting beam assembly 32 includes two left and right connecting beams 32a, each second connecting beam 32a is connected between the upper and lower corresponding upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21
  • the third connecting beam assembly 33 includes Two third connecting beams 33a spaced left and right, each third connecting beam 33a is connected between the upper and lower corresponding upper and lower main beams 11 and 21
  • the fourth connecting beam assembly 34 includes two left and right fourth connections.
  • Each of the fourth connecting beams 34a is connected between the upper and lower main beams 11 and the lower main beam 21.
  • the fifth connecting beam assembly 35 includes two left and right fifth connecting beams 35a, each of which is connected The beam 35a is connected between the upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21 corresponding up and down.
  • the traditional vehicle frame generally has fewer connecting beam components, and the support strength in the middle of the front and rear direction of the vehicle frame 100 is weak, so the stability of the vehicle frame 100 is poor.
  • the present application provides five groups of connecting beam components. 30. The support strength of the middle part of the frame 100 in the front and rear direction can be effectively improved, and the structural stability of the frame 100 can be improved.
  • two adjacent sets of connecting beam assemblies 30 define a corresponding installation space.
  • the first connecting beam assembly 31, the second connecting beam assembly 32, the third connecting beam assembly 33, and the fourth connecting beam assembly 34 and the fifth connecting beam assembly 35 sequentially separate the first installation space 100a where the steering device 200 is installed, the second installation space 100b where the electronic control device 300 is installed, the third installation space 100c where the engine 410 is installed, and the exhaust device 500
  • the fourth installation space 100d That is, in the order from front to back on the frame 100, the respective devices are the steering device 200, the electronic control device 300, the engine 410, and the exhaust device 500 in order.
  • each installation space is clear, which facilitates the installation and arrangement of various devices.
  • this arrangement can facilitate the arrangement of the electronic control device 300, the engine 410 and the exhaust device 500, can effectively separate the electronic control device 300 from the exhaust device 500, and can prevent the high temperature exhaust gas from affecting the operation of the electronic control device 300.
  • the provided frame 100 can also reduce the arrangement length of the exhaust device 500, can reduce the flow distance of the high-temperature exhaust gas, and can simplify the overall structure of the all-terrain vehicle 1000.
  • the engine 410 can be arranged in the reverse direction, that is, the cylinder head extends backward and upward, which can increase the distance between the cylinder head and the electronic control device 300 and ensure the reliable operation of the electronic control device 300 Sex.
  • the frame 100 is also provided with mounting parts for installing various devices, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • a steering bracket 41 in the first installation space 100 a, and the main board of the steering bracket 41 is inclined from the front top to the back down.
  • the steering bracket 41 is used to fix the steering device 200.
  • a part of the upper main beam assembly 10, a part of the lower main beam assembly 20, the first connecting beam assembly 31 and the second connecting beam assembly 32 constitute the first installation space 100a.
  • a first reinforcing beam 37 is provided between the first connecting beam 31 a and the second connecting beam 32 a on the same side, and a steering bracket 41 for mounting the steering device 200 is provided between the two first reinforcing beams 37. That is, a first reinforcing beam 37 on the left is provided between the first connecting beam 31a on the left and the second connecting beam 32a, and a first reinforcing beam 37 on the left is provided between the first connecting beam 31a and the second connecting beam 32a on the right.
  • the steering device 200 includes a steering column, and a housing of the steering column can be installed on a steering bracket 41.
  • the first reinforcing beam 37 can strengthen the first connecting beam 31a and the second connecting beam 32a, and on the other hand, it can also arrange the steering bracket 41, so that the front structure of the frame 100 can be arranged. reasonable.
  • the steering bracket 41 includes a main board and two supporting legs.
  • the two supporting legs are connected to the left and right sides of the main board.
  • the two supporting legs are respectively fixed on the two first reinforcing beams 37.
  • the fixing method can be welding fixing or welding fixing. Simple and reliable.
  • the main board is arranged obliquely, and the front upper end of the main board is higher than the rear lower end, and the center is provided with a perforation. There are multiple mounting holes around the perforation for the steering column to pass through, and multiple mounting holes for the fasteners to pass through. ,
  • the main board arranged in this way facilitates the installation and fixation of the tilted steering column.
  • the front sections of the two upper main beams 11, the upper sections of the two first connecting beams 31a, the upper sections of the two second connecting beams 32a, and the two first reinforcing beams 37 together constitute the installation space of the steering device 200, which can ensure The installation reliability of the steering device 200.
  • a part of the upper main beam assembly 10, a part of the lower main beam assembly 20, the third connecting beam assembly 33 and the fourth connecting beam 34 assembly define a third installation space 100c.
  • the engine 410 and the power motor 420 are arranged in the third installation space 100c.
  • the engine 410 includes a cylinder head 412, and the top of the cylinder head 412 is inclined rearward and upward in the third installation space 100c.
  • the high temperature at the cylinder head 412 can be prevented from affecting the components located in front of the engine 410, such as electronic devices.
  • the cylinder head 412 arranged rearward can effectively use the space at the rear of the frame 100.
  • the engine 410 also includes a body 411, and the cylinder head 412 is connected to the body 411.
  • the engine 410 and the power motor 420 are high-temperature components.
  • the third installation space 100c defined by a part of the upper main beam assembly 10, a part of the lower main beam assembly 20, the third connecting beam assembly 33 and the fourth connecting beam assembly 34 is located in the vehicle
  • the rear position of the middle of the frame 100 allows the cylinder head 412 of the engine 410 to have enough space for rearward arrangement, so as to be far away from the front electronic control device 300 and reduce the heat radiation to the electronic control device 300.
  • the exhaust device 500 connected to the engine 410 is directly extended rearward from the engine 410, which also achieves the purpose of being far away from the front electronic control device 300 and reducing the heat radiation to the electronic control device 300.
  • an engine mounting member 42 is provided in the third installation space 100c, which is used to fix the engine 410 in the third installation space 100c.
  • the parts of the upper main beam assembly 10 and the lower main beam assembly 20 between the third connecting beam assembly 33 and the fourth connecting beam assembly 34 are both provided with an engine mounting member 42.
  • the engine mounting member 42 includes a body lifting lug 42a and a cylinder head
  • the lifting eyes 42b, the body lifting ears 42a are used to fix the body 411, and the cylinder head lifting ears 42b are used to lift the cylinder head 412.
  • both the upper main beam assembly 10 and the lower main beam assembly 20 can function to install and fix the engine 410.
  • the frame 100 of the present application solves this problem.
  • the engine mounting member 42b of the main beam assembly 10 can fix the cylinder head 412, which can effectively prevent the cylinder head 412 from shaking, and can ensure the reliability of the installation of the engine 410 on the frame 100.
  • the lower main beam assembly 20 further includes: a bottom plate 22, which is connected between the two lower main beams 21, the engine 410 is adapted to be arranged on the bottom plate 22, and the bottom plate 22 is arranged There are body lifting lugs 42 a for fixing the engine 410, and the body lifting lug 42 a is one of the engine mounting parts 42.
  • the body 411 includes a crankcase, and the body lifting lugs 42a can effectively fix the body 411 of the engine 410, so as to ensure the installation reliability of the bottom of the engine 410.
  • the bottom plate 22 may be provided with a mounting plate protruding vertically, the mounting plate is the body lifting lug 42a, and the two mounting plates are provided with left and right through holes.
  • the fasteners can hold the body 411 of the engine 410 in the left and right directions.
  • the bottom plate 22 can also be provided with through holes in the vertical direction, and the fasteners can fix the body 411 of the engine 410 in the vertical direction, which can ensure the installation reliability of the body 411 of the engine 410 on the bottom plate 22.
  • At least one of the two upper main beams 11 is provided with a cylinder head lifting lug 42 b for fixing the engine 410, and the cylinder head lifting lug 42 b is another type of the engine mounting member 42.
  • the cylinder head lifting lug 42b is used for lifting the cylinder head 412.
  • the cylinder head 412 of the engine 410 can also be provided with a mounting plate corresponding to the mounting plate and the cylinder head lifting lug 42b fixed by fasteners, which can further reduce the difficulty of installing the cylinder head 412 and improve the installation of the cylinder head 412 effectiveness.
  • the bottom plate 22 is provided with a laterally extending convex beam 22a at the position where the body lifting ear 42a is provided. The convex beam 22a can strengthen the bottom plate 22 and can effectively strengthen the structural strength of the body lifting ear 42a. The installation reliability of the body 411 can be further enhanced.
  • the cylinder head lifting lugs 42b can correspond up and down to the rear of the bottom plate 22, or the cylinder head lifting lugs 42b are located above and behind the rear of the bottom plate 22, which can facilitate the reverse installation of the engine 410, and on the one hand, it can ensure The installation reliability of the engine 410, on the other hand, can effectively separate the cylinder head 412 from the electronic control device 300, can ensure the operating reliability of the electronic control device 300, and facilitate the installation of the exhaust device 500 at the rear.
  • the electronic control device 300 includes a power battery 310 and a controller 320, the power battery 310 is electrically connected to the power motor 420, and the power battery 310 and the power motor 420 are electrically connected to the controller 320, respectively.
  • the power battery 310 can provide electric energy for the power motor 420.
  • the power motor 420 can be an electric machine or a power generator. In this way, the power motor 420 can also recover energy when the ATV 1000 is braking.
  • the controller 320 can control the working state of the power battery 310 and the power motor 420.
  • the overall layout of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 can be made more reasonable, and the electrical components can be highly integrated and convenient Overall arrangement.
  • the electronic control device 300 can be kept away from the cylinder head 412 of the high temperature component of the engine 410 and the exhaust device 500, thereby reducing the influence of these high temperature components on the electronic control device 300 and improving the reliability of the electronic control device 300.
  • the power battery 310 is located under the controller 320.
  • the power battery 310 is large in volume and heavy in weight. Such a configuration can enable the frame 100 to better accommodate the power battery 310 and the controller 320, and the controller 320 is higher from the ground, so as to avoid the controller 320 from wading through the water. The security of the controller 320.
  • a part of the upper main beam assembly 10, a part of the lower main beam assembly 20, the second connecting beam assembly 32 and the third connecting beam assembly 33 define a second installation space 100b.
  • An electric control device mounting member 43 is provided in the second installation space 100b.
  • at least one of a part of the lower main beam assembly 20, the second connecting beam assembly 32 and the third connecting beam assembly 33 is provided with an electric control device mounting member 43 .
  • both the second connecting beam assembly 32 and the third connecting beam assembly 33 are provided with an electric control device mounting member 43.
  • the electric control device mounting member 43 is used to install and fix the electric control device 300, and by arranging it on the second connecting beam assembly 32 and the third connecting beam assembly 33, the electric control device 300 can be respectively fixed in the front and rear directions, thereby improving The installation reliability of the electronic control device 300 in the corresponding installation space. Moreover, the electrical control device mounting member 43 thus arranged does not need to be arranged on the upper main beam assembly 10 and the lower main beam assembly 20, so that it can be separated from the lower main beam assembly 20 by a predetermined distance, which can facilitate the installation of some components on the lower main beam assembly 20. Arrangement, such as a drive shaft that drives with the engine 410 and extends forward.
  • the electrical control device mounting member 43 includes a battery bracket 43a and a controller bracket 43b.
  • the battery bracket 43a is used to fix the power battery 310
  • the controller bracket 43b is used to fix the controller 320
  • the controller bracket 43b is located above the battery bracket 43a. That is to say, the battery bracket 43a and the controller bracket 43b are separately provided in the second installation space 100b, which can also be arranged with different battery brackets 43a and controller brackets 43b according to the specific structure and specific positions of the power battery 310 and the controller 320 , Can make the power battery 310 and the controller 320 fixed and reliable, and high stability.
  • both the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a are provided with a battery holder 43a for mounting the power battery 310, and the battery holder 43a is a kind of the electric control device mounting member 43.
  • the battery holder 43a is used to install the power battery 310. Since the power battery 310 is relatively heavy, the installation reliability of the power battery 310 can be ensured by arranging the battery bracket 43a on the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a. Wherein, the battery holder 43a can be welded and fixed on the corresponding connecting beam, and the welding and fixing method is simple and reliable.
  • Each battery bracket 43a can be provided with a plurality of mounting holes, for example, two.
  • the two mounting holes can be spaced up and down, so that the battery bracket 43a can fix the power battery 310 at intervals in the up and down direction, which can further prove the power battery 310 installation reliability.
  • the mounting hole can be provided with a welding nut correspondingly, and the welding nut can improve the assembly efficiency.
  • the battery holder 43a may be provided with a weight reduction hole, which can effectively reduce the weight of the battery holder 43a, which can help achieve the lightweight design of the all-terrain vehicle 1000.
  • the front surface and the rear surface of the power battery 310 may be correspondingly provided with mounting brackets.
  • the mounting bracket and the battery bracket 43a are fixedly connected by fasteners. By providing the mounting brackets, the power battery 310 can be easily installed and fixed on the frame 100.
  • the frame 100 is applied to a hybrid all-terrain vehicle 1000, and its power assembly may include an engine 410, a power motor 420, and a gearbox 430, and the power motor 310 is fixed on one side of the engine 410 , The transmission 430 and the engine 410 are transmitted, and the transmission 430 is arranged on the other side of the engine 410.
  • the gearbox 430 is arranged on the left side of the engine 410, and the power motor 420 is arranged on the right side of the engine 410.
  • the gearbox 430, the engine 410 and the power motor 420 are fixed reliably and conveniently, and the three are arranged in an integrated manner, which facilitates the installation and fixation of the powertrain 400 on the frame 100, and improves the assembly efficiency of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 .
  • foot pedals 70 are provided on both sides of the frame 100, and the engine 410, the transmission 430 and the power motor 420 are located above the area between the foot pedals 70 on both sides.
  • the powertrain 400 is mainly arranged in the middle area of the frame 100, so that the front area and the rear area can be left to install other components, so that the overall layout of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 is reasonable and the space utilization rate is high. .
  • a second reinforcing beam 38 is provided between the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a on the same side, and a middle plate 45 is provided between the two second reinforcing beams 38. 45 is suitable for supporting the power battery 310.
  • the middle plate 45 is located between the upper main girder assembly 10 and the lower main girder assembly 20.
  • the middle plate 45 can effectively space the upper main girder assembly 10 and the lower main girder assembly 20, so that the power battery 310 can have a certain height.
  • the middle plate 45 can effectively support the power battery 310 below, which can improve the installation reliability of the power battery 310.
  • the middle plate 45 may also be provided with mounting holes, and the power battery 310 is selectively installed on the middle plate 45.
  • the length of the middle plate 45 in the front-rear direction is smaller than the length of the second reinforcing beam 38. Below the middle plate 45 is the passage space of the transmission shaft, so that the middle space of the frame 100 can be used reasonably.
  • the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a are both provided with a controller bracket 43b for mounting the controller 320, the controller bracket 43b is located above the battery bracket 43a, and the controller bracket 43b is another type of the electric control device mounting member 43 .
  • the controller bracket 43b By arranging the controller bracket 43b on the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a, the controller 320 can be fixed in the front and rear direction, and the installation reliability of the controller 320 can be ensured.
  • the controller bracket 43b is not limited to one type.
  • the controller bracket 43b on the second connecting beam 32a and the controller bracket 43b on the third connecting beam 33a may have different structures.
  • the two controller brackets 43b are described in sequence below.
  • the controller bracket 43b located on the second connecting beam 32a may include: an inclined bottom plate, a horizontal plate and an end connecting plate.
  • the inclination direction of the inclined bottom plate is the same as the inclination direction of the rear surface where the second connecting beam 32a is installed on the inclined bottom plate. In this way, the two can be arranged close to each other, and the inclined bottom plate and the second connecting beam 32a can be fixed by welding.
  • the horizontal plate is connected to the inclined bottom plate, and the horizontal plate is located above the inclined bottom plate.
  • the horizontal plate is used to support and fix the lower front side of the controller 320.
  • the left and right ends of the horizontal plate can be provided with at least two mounting holes respectively.
  • the end connecting plate There are two, and the two end connecting plates are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the inclined bottom plate and the horizontal plate, so that the connection can be strengthened.
  • the controller bracket 43b thus arranged has good connection stability with the second connecting beam 32a, and has high structural strength and good supporting effect.
  • the controller bracket 43b provided in this way can also strengthen the structural strength of the second connecting beam assembly 32 at least to some extent.
  • the controller bracket 43b located on the third connecting beam 33a includes a horizontal plate and two lateral vertical plates.
  • the two lateral vertical plates are connected on both sides of the horizontal plate, and the two lateral vertical plates and the horizontal plate are both It is connected to the corresponding third connecting beam 33a, which can improve the reliability of the controller bracket 43b.
  • a mounting hole is provided on the horizontal plate, and the lower end corner of the controller 320 can be inserted through the corresponding mounting hole by a fastener to fix the controller 320.
  • the controller bracket 43b thus arranged can support and fix the controller 320 below.
  • controller brackets 43b there may be three controller brackets 43b, the horizontal plates of the three controller brackets 43b are located on the same horizontal plane, and the three controller brackets 43b may be fixed to the four lower end corners of the controller 320 correspondingly.
  • the installation reliability of the controller 320 can be effectively guaranteed.
  • a partition (not shown in the figure) is provided at the junction of the second installation space 100b and the third installation space 100c, so that the components in the two spaces can be isolated, that is, the partition can be isolated between the engine 410 and the power battery Between 310.
  • the separator can play a role of isolation to a certain extent, which can effectively prevent the power battery 310 from being interfered by the engine 410, and can ensure the safety of the power battery 310 in use.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 further includes: a transmission shaft and a main brake pump, the transmission shaft is located under the power battery, and the main brake pump is located under the transmission shaft.
  • the transmission shaft and the main brake pump thus arranged can make reasonable use of the space under the power battery 310, and the main brake pump can avoid affecting the work of the front components.
  • a third reinforcing beam 39 is provided between the fourth connecting beam 34a and the fifth connecting beam 35a on the same side, and at least one of the two third reinforcing beams 39 is provided with
  • the exhaust bracket 47 of the exhaust device 500 is installed.
  • the exhaust bracket 47 is used to install and fix the exhaust device 500, wherein the third reinforcement beam 39 is located between the upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21, so that the exhaust device 500 is at a certain distance from the ground to ensure the exhaust device 500 The installation reliability.
  • the exhaust bracket 47 may be arranged on the inner side of the third reinforcement beam 39, so that the exhaust device 500 can be installed in the internal space.
  • the upper section of the two fourth connecting beams 34a, the upper section of the two fifth connecting beams 35a, the two third reinforcement beams 39 and the rear section of the two upper main beams 11 jointly define the installation space of the exhaust device 500 , Namely the fourth installation space 100d.
  • This can give the exhaust device 500 a reasonable installation space, can effectively ensure the relative distance between it and the engine 410, and can reduce the length of the exhaust pipe of the exhaust device 500.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 further includes: a sub-frame 60 and a fuel tank 600.
  • a sub-frame 60 is further arranged on the frame 100, and the sub-frame 60 is arranged above the rear of the frame 100,
  • the sub-frame 60 and the rear of the frame 100 define a fifth installation space 100e, wherein the sub-frame 60 is disposed at the rear of the upper main beam assembly 10, and the front end of the sub-frame 60 is connected to the upper main beam 11 The rear end is connected to the fifth connecting beam 35a.
  • the sub-frame 60, the upper main beam assembly 10 and a part of the fifth connecting beam 35a jointly define a part of the installation space of the fuel tank 600, that is, the fifth installation space 100e.
  • the rear of the upper main beam 11 is configured as a rear inclined section 11a inclined backward and downward, a fifth connecting beam 35a is connected to the rear end of the rear inclined section 11a, and the fifth connecting beam
  • the beam 35a has an overhanging section 35b that extends upwardly over the rear inclined section 11a.
  • the rear inclined sections 11a of the two upper main beams 11, the overhanging sections 35b of the two fifth connecting beams 35a and the sub-frame 60 jointly define a part of the installation space of the fuel tank 600.
  • the frame 100 provided in this way has good structural stability, and can reasonably utilize the rear space, and can ensure the reliability of the fuel tank 600.
  • the manufacturing difficulty of the frame 100 can be reduced, and the installation and fixing of the fuel tank 600 can be facilitated.
  • the fuel tank 600 includes two parts, the first part is located in the installation space, the second part is located outside the installation space, and the depth of the second part is greater than the depth of the first part, so that the oil storage capacity of the fuel tank 600 can be improved.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 further includes a heat dissipation device 510, which is connected to the exhaust device 500, and another part of the fuel tank 600 is arranged on one side of the fifth installation space 100e to dissipate heat.
  • the device 510 is arranged on the other side of the fifth installation space 100e.
  • an inclined fourth reinforcement beam 40 is provided between the rear inclined section 11a and the overhanging section 35b, and the fourth reinforcement beam 40 is provided with a heat sink mounting member 49.
  • the fourth reinforcing beam 40 can provide an installation position for the heat sink 510 on the one hand, and can improve the connection strength between the upper main beam 11 and the fifth connecting beam 35a on the other hand.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 further includes: a seat cushion (not shown in the figure), the seat cushion is arranged on the frame 100 and the sub-frame 100, wherein the seat cushion is mainly arranged in the middle of the frame 100 and on the sub-frame 100, so arranged
  • the seat cushion can seat at least two drivers and can accommodate part of the fuel tank 600 under the seat cushion.
  • the all-terrain vehicle 1000 is further provided with a reducer (not shown in the figure) below the exhaust device 500.
  • the lower main beam assembly 20 is provided with a reducer mounting plate 50 for installing the rear reducer of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 between the fourth connecting beam assembly 34 and the fifth connecting beam assembly 35, and the reducer mounting plate 50 is provided There are mounting holes through up and down.
  • the reducer mounting plate 50 is horizontally connected between the two lower main beams 21, and the reducer is installed on the reducer mounting plate 50. By setting up and down mounting holes, the reducer can be installed in a downward-to-upward direction. Reduce the installation difficulty of the reducer and facilitate the installation and disassembly of the reducer.
  • the reducer mounting plate 50 can be two, the two reducer mounting plates 50 are arranged at intervals in the front and rear direction, each reducer mounting plate 50 can be provided with two mounting holes correspondingly, and the lower part of the reducer can be provided with four Mounting holes, so that the four mounting holes of the two reducer mounting plates 50 and the four mounting holes of the lower part of the reducer are installed and fixed by fasteners one by one.
  • the distance between the two fifth connecting beams 35a shows an increasing trend from bottom to top.
  • the two fifth connecting beams 35a arranged in this way can facilitate the installation and removal of the reducer from the rear side, and can improve the maintenance convenience of the reducer.
  • the distance between the lower ends of the two fifth connecting beams 35a may be greater than or equal to the width of the lower part of the reducer. This can further facilitate the installation and removal of the reducer.
  • each upper main beam 11 includes: a front horizontal section 11b and a rear inclined section 11a.
  • the front horizontal section 11b is connected to the front side of the rear inclined section 11a, and the front horizontal section 11b extends substantially horizontally in the front-rear direction.
  • the rear inclined section 11a extends obliquely downward in the front-rear direction, and the rear inclined section 11a is connected between the upper end and the lower end of the fifth connecting beam 35a, and the connecting point of the rear inclined section 11a and the fifth connecting beam 35a is connected to the first
  • the part between the upper ends of the five connecting beams 35a is the overhanging section 35b.
  • An upper support beam 12 is provided between the two upper main beams 11, and the upper support beam 12 extends in the transverse direction.
  • the upper support beam 12 can improve the relative position reliability of the two upper main beams 11, and can improve the upper main beam assembly 10 The structural stability.
  • each lower main beam 21 includes: a front straight section 21a, an outer expansion section 21b, a middle straight section 21c, an inward contraction section 21d, and a rear straight section 21e connected in sequence from front to back.
  • the lower end of the connecting beam 31a is connected to the front end of the front straight section 21a
  • the second connecting beam 32a is connected to the outer expanded section 21b or the junction between the front straight section 21a and the outer expanded section 21b
  • the lower end of the third connecting beam 33a is connected
  • the lower end of the fourth connecting beam 34a is connected to the inner contracting section 21d
  • the lower end of the fifth connecting beam 35a is connected to the rear end of the rear straight section 21e .
  • the above-mentioned multi-stage setting is mainly for adjusting the corresponding devices to be installed.
  • the front straight section 21a mainly installs the inner end of the rocker arm and the axle
  • the middle straight section 21c mainly installs the engine 410
  • the rear straight section 21e Mainly install reducer and rocker arm. Therefore, by reasonably setting the lower main beam 21, the installation position requirements of each device can be met, and the structural reliability of itself is good.
  • a lower support beam 23 is provided between the two lower main beams 21.
  • the lower support beam 23 extends in the transverse direction.
  • the lower support beam 23 can improve the relative position reliability of the two lower main beams 21 and can improve the lower main beam assembly 20 The structural stability.
  • a middle support beam 36 is provided between the two first connecting beams 31a, between the two second connecting beams 32a, between the two third connecting beams 33a, and between the two fourth connecting beams 34a.
  • the middle support beam 36 extends in the transverse direction, and the middle support beam 36 can improve the relative position reliability of the two connecting beams and can improve the structural reliability of the connecting beam assembly 30.
  • the first connecting beam 31a includes: an upper section 31b and a lower section 31c.
  • the upper section 31b and the lower section 31c take the junction of the first connecting beam 31a and the middle support beam 36 as the dividing point.
  • the lower section 31c is arranged obliquely, and its upper end is located above and before the lower end.
  • 31b is also arranged obliquely, and its upper end is located at the front and bottom of the lower end.
  • the distance between the two lower sections 31c increases from bottom to top, and the distance between the two upper sections 31b is generally unchanged.
  • the second connecting beam 32a, the third connecting beam 33a, and the fourth connecting beam 34a are all inclined to the lower main beam 21.
  • the upper end of the second connecting beam 32a is located in front and above the lower end, and the upper end of the third connecting beam 33a is located at the lower end.
  • the upper end of the fourth connecting beam 34a is located at the upper rear of the lower end.
  • the second connecting beam 32a, the third connecting beam 33a, and the fourth connecting beam 34a arranged in this way can reasonably divide the installation space, and can make the arrangement positions of various devices reasonable.
  • the second connecting beam 32a has two arrangements. As shown in FIG. 1, one of the second connecting beams 32a is a whole beam, the upper end of which is located above and in front of the lower end.
  • the second connecting beams 32a The projections of the front of the upper main beam 11, the first connecting beam 31a and the front of the lower main beam 21 on the vertical plane are generally trapezoidal.
  • Another second connecting beam 32a is similar to the first connecting beam 31a. It includes an upper section and a lower section. It is located at the upper front of the lower end, that is, extends diagonally upwards from back to front, and the upper section is also arranged obliquely, and its upper end is located above the rear of the lower end, that is, extends diagonally upwards from front to back. The distance between the two lower sections is increasing from bottom to top.
  • the second connecting beam 32a provided in this way can balance the installation space required by the steering device 200 and the electronic control device 300, and can make the overall structure of the all-terrain vehicle 1000 reasonable.
  • the third connecting beam 33a includes an upper section 33b and a lower section 33c.
  • the upper section 33b and the lower section 33c take the junction of the third connecting beam 33a and the middle support beam 36 as the dividing point.
  • the two upper sections 33b are close to each other from the bottom to the top.
  • the bottom and top are close to each other, wherein the angle corresponding to the two upper sections 33b is smaller than the angle corresponding to the two lower sections 33c.
  • the third connecting beam 33a thus arranged can effectively connect the upper main beam 11 and the lower main beam 21, and can ensure the structural stability of the frame 100.
  • the fourth connecting beam 34a includes an upper section 34b and a lower section 34c.
  • the upper section 34b and the lower section 34c are divided at the junction of the third connecting beam 33a and the third reinforcing beam 39.
  • the two upper sections 34b are far away from each other from bottom to top, and the two lower sections 34c Approach each other from bottom to top.
  • the upper end of the fourth connecting beam 34a is located above and behind the lower end.
  • the fifth connecting beam 35a is substantially vertically arranged, and the two fifth connecting beams 35a are away from each other from bottom to top.
  • the distance from the third connecting beam 33a to the fourth connecting beam 34a on the same side is greater than the distance from the third connecting beam 33a to the second connecting beam 32a on the same side, and is greater than the first connecting beam 31a on the same side to the second connecting beam 32a on the same side. distance. Since the space between the third connecting beam 33a and the fourth connecting beam 34a is used for installing the engine 410, the engine 410 requires a relatively large space, and the connecting beams arranged in this way are arranged reasonably and can meet the space requirements of each device.
  • the distance between the second connecting beam 32a and the third connecting beam 33a on the same side shows an increasing trend from bottom to top, which can facilitate the reasonable installation of the power battery 310 and the controller 320.
  • first feature and second feature may include one or more of these features.
  • plural means two or more.
  • first feature of the second feature can include the first and second features in direct contact, or can include the first and second features not in direct contact but through them Another feature contact between.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature include the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than The second feature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种全地形车（1000）及其车架（100），车架（100）包括：上主梁组件（10），上主梁组件（10）包括两条上主梁（11）；下主梁组件（20），下主梁组件包括两条下主梁（21）；五个连接梁组件（31,32,33,34,35），每个连接梁组件均包括两条连接梁，连接梁连接在上主梁（11）和下主梁（21）之间，在上主梁（11）和下主梁（21）之间，五个连接梁组件依次分隔出安装转向装置（200）、电控装置（300）、发动机（410）和排气装置（500）的安装空间。由此，通过合理设置连接梁组件，可以有效提高车架的前后方向中部支撑强度，可以提升车架（100）的结构稳定性。而且在此种车架（100）中，发动机（410）可以反向设置，即缸头朝向后上方延伸，这样可以增加缸头与电控装置（300）之间的距离，可以保证电控装置（300）的工作可靠性。

Description

全地形车及其车架
本申请要求于2019年05月31日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201910473182.7、发明名称为“全地形车及其车架”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及全地形车技术领域，尤其是涉及一种全地形车及其车架。
背景技术
相关技术中，全地形车的车架大都由前部组合、后部组合、上部组合和底部组合4个部份焊接组合而成；发动机也都是正装布置，排气消声器就只能从前一直延伸到尾部，这就形成了一个比较长的发热高温带，在布置油路和电器元器件时，就带来了比较大的麻烦，尤其是一些比较大的且对温度比较敏感的电器元器件，就无从布置。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出一种全地形车的车架，该车架结构可靠性好，而且能够合理布置各个装置，使得全地形车整体布局合理。
本申请进一步地提出了一种全地形车。
根据本申请的全地形车的车架，全地形车包括发动机，车架包括：上主梁组件，上主梁组件包括两条左右间隔的上主梁；下主梁组件，下主梁组件包括两条左右间隔的下主梁，下主梁组件位于上主梁组件的下方；第一连接梁组件，第一连接梁组件包括两条左右间隔的第一连接梁，每条第一连接梁连接在上下对应的上主梁和下主梁之间；第二连接梁组件，第二连接梁组件包括两条左右间隔的第二连接梁，每条第二连接梁连接在上下对应的上主梁和下主梁之间；第三连接梁组件，第三连接梁组件包括两条左右间隔的第三连接梁，每条第三连接梁连接在上下对应的上主梁和下主梁之间；第四连接梁组件，第四连接梁组件包括两条左右间隔的第四连接梁，每条第四连接梁连接在上下对应的上主梁和下主梁之间；其中，第一连接梁组件、第二连接梁组件、第三连接梁组件和第四连接梁组件按照从前向后的顺序依次排布，上主梁组件的一部分、下主梁组件的一 部分、第三连接梁组件和第四连接梁组件限定出发动机的安装空间且至少一个设置有发动机安装件。
由此，通过合理设置连接梁组件，可以有效提高车架的前后方向中部支撑强度，可以提升车架的结构稳定性。而且在此种车架中，发动机可以反向设置，即缸头朝向后上方延伸，这样可以增加缸头与电控装置之间的距离，可以保证电控装置的工作可靠性。
在本申请的一些示例中，上主梁组件和下主梁组件均设置有发动机安装件。
在本申请的一些示例中，下主梁组件还包括：底板，底板连接在两条下主梁之间，发动机适于设置在底板上，底板上设置有固定发动机的机体吊耳，机体吊耳为发动机安装件中的一种。
在本申请的一些示例中，两条上主梁中的至少一个设置有固定发动机的缸头吊耳，缸头吊耳为发动机安装件中的另一种。
在本申请的一些示例中，每个下主梁包括：从前向后依次连接的前平直段、外扩段、中平直段、内缩段和后平直段，第三连接梁的下端连接在外扩段或外扩段和中平直段的连接处，第四连接梁的下端连接在内缩段。
在本申请的一些示例中，第三连接梁和第四连接梁均相对下主梁倾斜设置，第三连接梁的上端位于其下端的后上方，第四连接梁的上端位于其下端的后上方。
在本申请的一些示例中，第三连接梁到同一侧的第四连接梁的距离大于其到同一侧的第二连接梁的距离，以及大于同一侧的第一连接梁到第二连接梁的距离。
在本申请的一些示例中，同一侧的第一连接梁和第二连接梁之间设置有第一加强梁，同一侧的第二连接梁和第三连接梁之间设置有第二加强梁。
在本申请的一些示例中，车架还包括：第五连接梁组件，第五连接梁组件包括两条左右间隔的第五连接梁，每条第五连接梁连接在上下对应的上主梁的后端和下主梁的后端之间，第五连接梁组件位于第四连接梁组件的后方。
在本申请的一些示例中，第四连接梁和同一侧的第五连接梁之间设置有第三加强梁。
在本申请的一些示例中，上主梁的后部构造为朝向后下方倾斜的后倾斜段，第五连接梁连接在后倾斜段的后端且具有向上超出后倾斜段的超出段。
在本申请的一些示例中，后倾斜段和超出段之间设置有倾斜的第四加强梁，第四加强梁设置有散热装置安装件。
在本申请的一些示例中，两条上主梁之间设置有上支撑梁，两条下主梁之间设置有下支撑梁，两条第一连接梁之间、两条第二连接梁之间、两条第三连接梁之间以及两条第四连接梁之间均设置有中支撑梁。
在本申请的一些示例中，车架多个安装空间，多个安装空间包括从前向后依次排布的第一安装空间、第二安装空间、第三安装空间和第四安装空间；第一安装空间用于安装全地形车的转向装置，第二安装空间用于安装全地形车的电控装置，第三安装空间用于安装全地形车的具有发动机的动力总成，第四安装空间用于安装全地形车的排气装置。
在本申请的一些示例中，上主梁组件的一部分、下主梁组件的一部分、第二连接梁组件和第三连接梁组件限定出第二安装空间，第二安装空间内设置有电控装置安装件。
在本申请的一些示例中，两条上主梁的前段、两条第一连接梁的上段、两条第二连接梁的上段和两条第一加强梁共同构成全地形车的转向装置的安装空间。
在本申请的一些示例中，两条第四连接梁的上段、两条第五连接梁的上段、两条第三加强梁和两条上主梁的后段共同限定出全地形车的排气装置的安装空间。
在本申请的一些示例中，两条第二加强梁之间设置有中板，中板用于支撑全地形车的动力电池。
根据本申请的全地形车，包括：发动机；的全地形车的车架，发动机安装在安装空间内。
在本申请的一些示例中，全地形车还包括：副车架和油箱，副车架设置在车架的后部上方，副车架与车架的后部限定出第五安装空间，第五安装空间用于安装油箱的一部分，油箱的另一部分设置在第五安装空间的一侧。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的全地形车的侧视图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的全地形车的侧视图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的全地形车的后视图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的全地形车的俯视图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的全地形车的车架的立体图。
附图标记：
1000、全地形车；
100、车架；100a、第一安装空间；100b、第二安装空间；100c、第三安装空间；100d、第四安装空间；100e、第五安装空间；
10、上主梁组件；11、上主梁；11a、后倾斜段；11b、前水平段；12、上支撑梁；
20、下主梁组件；21、下主梁；21a、前平直段；21b、外扩段；21c、中平直段；21d、内缩段；21e、后平直段；22、底板；22a、凸起梁；23、下支撑梁；
30、连接梁组件；31、第一连接梁组件；31a、第一连接梁；31b、上段；31c、下段；32、第二连接梁组件；32a、第二连接梁；33、第三连接梁组件；33a、第三连接梁；33b、上段；33c、下段；34、第四连接梁组件；34a、第四连接梁；34b、上段；34c、下段；35、第五连接梁组件；35a、第五连接梁；35b、超出段；36、中支撑梁；
37、第一加强梁；38、第二加强梁；39、第三加强梁；40、第四加强梁；
41、转向支架；42、发动机安装件；42a、机体吊耳；42b、缸头吊耳；
43、电控装置安装件；43a、电池支架；43b、控制器支架；
45、中板；47、排气支架；49、散热装置安装件；50、减速器安装板；
60、副车架；70、脚踏板；
200、转向装置；300、电控装置；310、动力电池；320、控制器；
400、动力总成；410、发动机；411、机体；412、缸头；420、动力电机；430、变速箱；500、排气装置；510、散热装置；600、油箱；700、车轮。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，下面详细描述本申请的实施例。
下面参考图1-图5描述根据本申请实施例的全地形车1000。
如图1-图4所示，根据本申请实施例的全地形车1000可以包括：转向装置200、电控装置300、动力总成400、排气装置500、油箱600、车轮700和车架100，上述装置均安装在车架100上，车架100起到安装固定各个装置的作用。全地形车1000通过各个装置协同作用，最终能够驱动车轮700转动，实现载人行驶。
其中，车架100整体由多条梁和多个杆连接组成，其在前后方向依次形成有多个安装空间，例如，从前向后依次排布的第一安装空间100a、第二安装空间100b、第三安装空间100c和第四安装空间100d，转向装置200设置在第一安装空间100a处，电控装置300设置在第二安装空间100b处，动力总成400设置在第三安装空间100c处，排气 装置500设置在第四安装空间100d处。
由此，每个安装空间使用情况明确，从而能够方便各个装置的安装布置。而且如此设置可以方便转向装置200、电控装置300、动力总成400和排气装置500的布置，能够有效地将电控装置300布置在动力总成400的前侧，其能够与排气装置500间隔开，可以避免高温废气影响电控装置300的工作，而且如此设置的车架100还能够减少排气装置500的布置长度，可以降低其高温废气的流动距离，可以简化全地形车1000的整体结构。
其中，动力总成400包括：发动机410和动力电机420，发动机410和动力电机420均可以作为动力源，其中发动机410与排气装置500气连接，动力电机420和电控装置300电连接。如此设置的全地形车1000能够采用不同的动力源，而且能够丰富全地形车1000的驱动模式，例如，其可以采用纯燃油驱动模式，也可以采用纯电动驱动模式，还是采用混动模式，从而可以提升全地形车1000的运动性能，而且可以减少尾气的排放，可以提升全地形车1000的环保性能。
下面将详细描述车架100的具体结构，并根据车架100的具体结构进一步地描述各个装置的安装位置。
如图5所示，根据本申请实施例的车架100可以包括：上主梁组件10、连接梁组件30和下主梁组件20，连接梁组件30连接在上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20之间，上主梁组件10位于连接梁组件30和下主梁组件20的上方，上主梁组件10构成车架100的顶部，下主梁组件20构成车架100的底部。其中，连接梁组件30可以为多组，多组连接梁组件30在车架100的纵向方向(即前后方向)间隔设置，多组连接梁组件30在上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20的不同位置起到连接支撑作用，这样可以使得车架100整体结构可靠性较好，而且，上主梁组件10、下主梁组件20和多组连接梁组件30可以共同形成多个安装空间，用于安装上述的各个装置，例如，第一安装空间100a、第二安装空间100b、第三安装空间100c和第四安装空间100d，而且多组连接梁组件30能够起到保护对应装置的作用。
如图5所示，上主梁组件10包括两条左右间隔的上主梁11，左右方向即车架100的横向，两条间隔开的上主梁11可以在左右方向限定出车架100上方的横向宽度。下主梁组件20包括两条左右间隔的下主梁21，两条间隔开的下主梁21可以在左右方向限定出车架100下方的横向宽度。需要说明的是，两条上主梁11之间的横向宽度与两条下主梁21之间的横向宽度可以不同，例如，两条下主梁21前段的横向宽度可以小于两条上主梁11前段的横向宽度，两条下主梁21中段的横向宽度可以大于两条上主梁11 中段的横向宽度，两条下主梁21后段的横向宽度可以小于两条上主梁11后段的横向宽度。
如图5所示，连接梁组件30可以为五组，按照从前向后的顺序依次为第一连接梁组件31、第二连接梁组件32、第三连接梁组件33、第四连接梁组件34和第五连接梁组件35，每个连接梁组件30均包括两条左右间隔的连接梁，两条连接梁分别连接在对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，例如，位于左侧的连接梁连接在左侧的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，位于右侧的连接梁连接在右侧的上主梁11和下主梁21之间。
具体地，如图5所示，第一连接梁组件31包括两条左右间隔的第一连接梁31a，每条第一连接梁31a连接在上下对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，第二连接梁组件32包括两条左右间隔的第二连接梁32a，每条第二连接梁32a连接在上下对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，第三连接梁组件33包括两条左右间隔的第三连接梁33a，每条第三连接梁33a连接在上下对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，第四连接梁组件34包括两条左右间隔的第四连接梁34a，每条第四连接梁34a连接在上下对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间，第五连接梁组件35包括两条左右间隔的第五连接梁35a，每条第五连接梁35a连接在上下对应的上主梁11和下主梁21之间。
需要说明的是，传统的车架一般设置的连接梁组件较少，在车架100前后方向的中部支撑强度弱，这样车架100的稳定性较差，而本申请通过设置五组连接梁组件30，可以有效提高车架100前后方向的中部支撑强度，可以提升车架100的结构稳定性。
在上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20之间的空间中，相邻的两组连接梁组件30限定出对应的安装空间。其中，结合图1-图3所示，在上主梁11和下主梁21之间，第一连接梁组件31、第二连接梁组件32、第三连接梁组件33、第四连接梁组件34和第五连接梁组件35依次分隔出安装转向装置200的第一安装空间100a、安装电控装置300的第二安装空间100b、安装发动机410的第三安装空间100c和安装排气装置500的第四安装空间100d。也就是说，按照在车架100上从前向后的顺序，各个装置依次为转向装置200、电控装置300、发动机410和排气装置500。
由此，每个安装空间使用情况明确，从而能够方便各个装置的安装布置。而且如此设置可以方便电控装置300、发动机410和排气装置500的布置，能够有效地将电控装置300与排气装置500间隔开，可以避免高温废气影响电控装置300的工作，而且如此设置的车架100还能够减少排气装置500的布置长度，可以降低其高温废气的流动距离，可以简化全地形车1000的整体结构。还有，在此种车架100中，发动机410可以反向设置，即缸头朝向后上方延伸，这样可以增加缸头与电控装置300之间的距离，可以保 证电控装置300的工作可靠性。
其中，车架100上还设置有安装各个装置的安装件，下面将结合附图依次详细描述。
根据本申请的一个可选实施例，第一安装空间100a内有转向支架41，转向支架41的主板从前上向后下倾斜设置，转向支架41用于固定转向装置200。
如图1和图5所示，上主梁组件10的一部分、下主梁组件20的一部分、第一连接梁组件31和第二连接梁组件32组成第一安装空间100a。第一连接梁31a和同一侧的第二连接梁32a之间设置有第一加强梁37，两个第一加强梁37之间设置有安装转向装置200的转向支架41。即，位于左侧的第一连接梁31a和第二连接梁32a之间设置有一个位于左侧的第一加强梁37，位于右侧的第一连接梁31a和第二连接梁32a之间设置有一个位于右侧的第一加强梁37，位于左侧的第一加强梁37和位于右侧的第一加强梁37之间设置有转向支架41，其能够用于安装转向装置200，例如，转向装置200包括：转向柱，转向柱的外壳可以安装在转向支架41上。第一加强梁37一方面可以起到加强第一连接梁31a和第二连接梁32a的作用，另一方面还可以起到布置转向支架41的作用，从而能够使得车架100的前部结构设置合理。
具体地，转向支架41包括主板和两个支脚，两个支脚连接在主板的左右两侧，两个支脚分别固定在两个第一加强梁37上，固定方式可以为焊接固定，焊接固定的方式简单可靠。主板倾斜设置，而且主板的前上端高于其后下端，其中心处设置有穿孔，穿孔的周围设置有多个安装孔，该穿孔供转向柱穿过，多个安装孔供紧固件穿过，如此设置的主板便于倾斜设置的转向柱的安装固定。其中，两条上主梁11的前段、两条第一连接梁31a的上段、两条第二连接梁32a的上段和两条第一加强梁37共同构成转向装置200的安装空间，这样可以保证转向装置200的安装可靠性。
如图1所示，上主梁组件10的一部分、下主梁组件20的一部分、第三连接梁组件33和第四连接梁34组件限定出第三安装空间100c。发动机410和动力电机420设置在第三安装空间100c内。发动机410包括缸头412，缸头412的顶部在第三安装空间100c内朝向后上方倾斜设置。发动机410在工作时，其热量主要集中在缸头412处，通过将缸头412朝后设置，可以避免缸头412处的高温影响位于发动机410前方的元器件，例如，电子器件。而且朝后设置的缸头412能够有效利用车架100后部的空间。发动机410还包括机体411，缸头412连接在机体411上。
发动机410和动力电机420都属于高温部件，上主梁组件10的一部分、下主梁组件20的一部分、第三连接梁组件33和第四连接梁组件34限定出的第三安装空间100c位于车架100的中部偏后位置，可以使发动机410的缸头412能够有足够的朝后布置空间， 从而远离前部的电控装置300，减小对电控装置300的热辐射。同时也使与发动机410相连的排气装置500直接从发动机410往后延伸，也会达到远离前部的电控装置300，减小对电控装置300的热辐射的目的。
如图5所示，第三安装空间100c内设置有发动机安装件42，其用于将发动机410固定在第三安装空间100c内。上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20在第三连接梁组件33和第四连接梁组件34的之间的部分均设置有发动机安装件42，发动机安装件42包括机体吊耳42a和缸头吊耳42b，机体吊耳42a用于固定机体411，缸头吊耳42b用于吊装缸头412。也就是说，上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20均能够起到安装固定发动机410的作用。需要说明的是，传统的全地形车一般仅在底部固定发动机，这样其缸头位置将缺少固定，存在缸头晃动的问题，而本申请的车架100解决了该问题，其通过设置在上主梁组件10的发动机安装件42b，可以固定缸头412，这样可以有效避免缸头412晃动，可以保证发动机410在车架100上的安装可靠性。
具体地，如图1和图5所示，下主梁组件20还包括：底板22，底板22连接在两条下主梁21之间，发动机410适于设置在底板22上，底板22上设置有固定发动机410的机体吊耳42a，机体吊耳42a为发动机安装件42中的一种。机体411包括曲轴箱，机体吊耳42a可以有效固定发动机410的机体411，这样可以保证发动机410底部的安装可靠性。其中，底板22可以设置有向上竖直伸出的安装板，安装板即机体吊耳42a，两个安装板上设置有左右贯穿的穿孔，紧固件可以在左右方向上将发动机410的机体411固定，而且底板22上也可以设置上下方向贯穿的穿孔，紧固件可以在上下方向上将发动机410的机体411固定，这样可以保证发动机410的机体411在底板22的安装可靠性。
两条上主梁11中的至少一个设置有固定发动机410的缸头吊耳42b，缸头吊耳42b为发动机安装件42中的另一种。缸头吊耳42b用于吊装缸头412，通过将缸头吊耳42b设置在一条上主梁11上，可以在缸头412的侧向将其固定，这样可以保证缸头412的固定可靠性，而且固定方式简单可靠。其中，发动机410的缸头412也可以对应设置安装板，该安装板与缸头吊耳42b通过紧固件固定，这样可以进一步地降低缸头412的安装难度，而且可以提高缸头412的安装效率。还有，底板22在设置机体吊耳42a的位置设置有横向延伸的凸起梁22a，该凸起梁22a可以起到加强底板22的作用，而且可以有效加强机体吊耳42a的结构强度，这样可以进一步地加强机体411的安装可靠性。
需要说明的是，缸头吊耳42b可以与底板22的后部上下对应，或者缸头吊耳42b位于底板22的后部的后上方，这样可以有利于发动机410反向安装，一方面可以保证 发动机410的安装可靠性，另一方面可以有效地将缸头412与电控装置300间隔开，可以保证电控装置300的工作可靠性，而且有利于后方的排气装置500的设置。
根据本申请的一个可选实施例，电控装置300包括：动力电池310和控制器320，动力电池310与动力电机420电连接，动力电池310和动力电机420分别与控制器320电连接。可以理解的是，动力电池310可以为动力电机420提供电能，动力电机420可以为电力机，也可以为电力发电机，这样动力电机420还可以在全地形车1000制动时进行能量回收。控制器320可以控制动力电池310和动力电机420的工作状态。通过将动力电池310和控制器320设置在动力总成400的前部区域，即第二安装空间100b，可以使得全地形车1000整体布局更加合理，而且可以使得关于电的部件集成度高，便于整体布置。同时可以使电控装置300远离发动机410的高温部件缸头412，以及排气装置500，减小这些高温部件对电控装置300的影响，提高电控装置300的可靠性。
具体地，如图1所示，动力电池310位于控制器320的下方。动力电池310体积大，重量大，如此设置可以使得车架100能够更好地容置动力电池310和控制器320，而且控制器320距离地面更高，从而能够避免控制器320涉水，能够保证控制器320的安全性。
上主梁组件10的一部分、下主梁组件20的一部分、第二连接梁组件32和第三连接梁组件33限定出第二安装空间100b。第二安装空间100b内设置有电控装置安装件43，例如，下主梁组件20的一部分、第二连接梁组件32和第三连接梁组件33中的至少一个设置有电控装置安装件43。其中，如图1、图2和图5所示，第二连接梁组件32和第三连接梁组件33均设置有电控装置安装件43。电控装置安装件43用于安装固定电控装置300，而且通过将其设置在第二连接梁组件32和第三连接梁组件33上，可以在前后方向分别固定电控装置300，从而可以提高电控装置300在对应的安装空间内的安装可靠性。而且如此设置的电控装置安装件43无需设置在上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20上，从而能够与下主梁组件20间隔开预定距离，可以便于部分部件在下主梁组件20上的布置，例如与发动机410传动且向前延伸的传动轴。
电控装置安装件43包括：电池支架43a和控制器支架43b，电池支架43a用于固定动力电池310，控制器支架43b用于固定控制器320，控制器支架43b位于电池支架43a的上方。也就是说，第二安装空间100b内单独设置有电池支架43a和控制器支架43b，这也可以根据动力电池310和控制器320的具体结构和具体位置布置不同的电池支架43a和控制器支架43b，可以使得动力电池310和控制器320固定可靠，稳定性高。
具体地，第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a均设置有安装动力电池310的电池支架 43a，电池支架43a为电控装置安装件43的一种。电池支架43a用于安装动力电池310。由于动力电池310重量较大，通过在第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a设置电池支架43a，可以保证动力电池310的安装可靠性。其中，电池支架43a可以焊接固定在对应的连接梁上，焊接固定的方式简单可靠。
每个电池支架43a可以对应设置有多个安装孔，例如两个，两个安装孔可以上下方向间隔排布，这样电池支架43a可以在上下方向间隔地固定动力电池310，可以进一步地证动力电池310的安装可靠性。安装孔处可以对应设置有焊接螺母，焊接螺母可以提高装配效率。
还有，电池支架43a上可以设置有减重孔，减重孔可以有效降低电池支架43a的重量，可以有利于实现全地形车1000的轻量化设计目的。动力电池310的前表面和后表面可以对应设置有安装支架，安装支架与电池支架43a通过紧固件固定连接，通过设置安装支架，可以便于动力电池310在车架100上的安装固定。
其中，需要说明的是，该车架100应用于混合动力的全地形车1000中，其动力总成可以包括：发动机410、动力电机420和变速箱430，动力电机310固定在发动机410的一侧，变速箱430与发动机410传动，而且变速箱430设置在发动机410的另一侧。例如，变速箱430设置在发动机410的左侧，动力电机420设置在发动机410的右侧。由此，变速箱430、发动机410和动力电机420三者固定可靠且方便，而且三者一体布置，可以方便动力总成400在车架100上的安装固定，可以提高全地形车1000的组装效率。
还有，如图4所示，车架100的两侧均设置有脚踏板70，发动机410、变速箱430和动力电机420位于两侧的脚踏板70之间的区域上方。也就是说，动力总成400主要设置在车架100的中部区域，这样还可以留有前部区域和后部区域安装其他元器件，从而可以使得全地形车1000整体布局合理，空间利用率高。
进一步地，如图5所示，同一侧的第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a之间设置有第二加强梁38，两条第二加强梁38之间设置有中板45，中板45适于支撑动力电池310。中板45位于上主梁组件10和下主梁组件20之间，中板45可以有效地将上主梁组件10与下主梁组件20间隔开，这样可以使得动力电池310具有一定的高度，在全地形车1000行驶在涉水环境的路上，动力电池310能够减少浸水的可能，可以保证动力电池310的使用可靠性。另外，中板45可以有效地在下方支撑动力电池310，可以提高动力电池310的安装可靠性。其中，中板45上也可以设置有安装孔，动力电池310选择性地安装在中板45上。中板45在前后方向的长度小于第二加强梁38的长度。中板45的下方为 传动轴的通过空间，这样可以使得车架100的中部空间利用合理。
第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a均设置有安装控制器320的控制器支架43b，控制器支架43b位于电池支架43a的上方，控制器支架43b为电控装置安装件43的另一种。通过在第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a设置控制器支架43b，可以在前后方向固定控制器320，可以保证控制器320的安装可靠性。
控制器支架43b并不限于一种，例如，位于第二连接梁32a上的控制器支架43b与位于第三连接梁33a上的控制器支架43b结构可以不同。下面依次描述两种控制器支架43b。
位于第二连接梁32a上的控制器支架43b可以包括：斜底板、水平板和端部连接板，斜底板的倾斜方向与第二连接梁32a安装该斜底板位置的后表面的倾斜方向相同，这样两者可以贴靠设置，而且斜底板和第二连接梁32a可以焊接固定。水平板与斜底板相连，而且水平板位于斜底板的上方，水平板用于支撑固定控制器320的下部前侧，水平板的左右两端可以分别设置有至少两个安装孔，端部连接板为两个，两个端部连接板分别连接在斜底板和水平板的左右两端，这样可以起到连接加强作用。如此设置的控制器支架43b与第二连接梁32a的连接稳定性好，而且自身结构强度高，支撑效果好。还有，如此设置的控制器支架43b至少一定程度上还可以加强第二连接梁组件32的结构强度。
位于第三连接梁33a的控制器支架43b包括水平板和两个侧向竖直板，两个侧向竖直板连接在水平板的两侧，而且两个侧向竖直板和水平板都连接在对应的第三连接梁33a上，这样可以提高控制器支架43b的可靠性。另外，水平板上设置有安装孔，控制器320的下部端角可以通过紧固件穿过对应的安装孔，以将控制器320安装固定。如此设置的控制器支架43b可以在下方对控制器320起到支撑固定的作用。
基于上述内容，控制器支架43b可以为三个，三个控制器支架43b的水平板位于同一个水平面上，三个控制器支架43b可以对应支撑固定在住控制器320的下部四个端角，这样可以有效保证控制器320的安装可靠性。
其中，第二安装空间100b和第三安装空间100c的交界处设置有隔板(图未示出)，这样可以将两个空间内的部件隔离开，即隔板可以隔离在发动机410和动力电池310之间。隔板可以一定程度上起到隔离作用，这样可以有效避免动力电池310受到发动机410的干涉，可以保证动力电池310的使用安全性。
需要说明的是，在第二安装空间100b内不仅设置有电控装置300，还可以设置有其他部件装置。例如，全地形车1000还包括：传动轴和制动主泵，传动轴位于动力电池的下方，制动主泵位于传动轴的下方。如此设置的传动轴和制动主泵可以合理利用动力 电池310下方的空间，而且制动主泵可以避免影响前方部件的工作。
可选地，如图3和图5所示，同一侧的第四连接梁34a和第五连接梁35a之间设置有第三加强梁39，两条第三加强梁39中的至少一个设置有安装排气装置500的排气支架47。排气支架47用于安装固定排气装置500，其中，第三加强梁39位于上主梁11和下主梁21之间，这样排气装置500距离地面有一定距离，可以保证排气装置500的安装可靠性。排气支架47可以设置在第三加强梁39的内侧，这样可以在内部空间安装排气装置500。
具体地，两条第四连接梁34a的上段、两条第五连接梁35a的上段、两条第三加强梁39和两条上主梁11的后段共同限定出排气装置500的安装空间，即第四安装空间100d。这样可以给予排气装置500一个合理的安装空间，可以有效保证其与发动机410之间的相对距离，可以减少排气装置500的排气管路长度。
根据本申请的一个具体实施例，全地形车1000还包括：副车架60和油箱600，车架100上还设置有副车架60，副车架60设置在车架100的后部上方，副车架60与车架100的后部限定出第五安装空间100e，其中，该副车架60设置在上主梁组件10的后部，该副车架60的前端连接在上主梁11上，后端连接在第五连接梁35a上。其中，副车架60、上主梁组件10和第五连接梁35a的一部分共同限定出一部分油箱600的安装空间，即第五安装空间100e。
具体地，如图3和图5所示，上主梁11的后部构造为朝向后下方倾斜的后倾斜段11a，第五连接梁35a连接在后倾斜段11a的后端，而且第五连接梁35a具有向上超出后倾斜段11a的超出段35b。也就是说，两条上主梁11的后倾斜段11a、两条第五连接梁35a的超出段35b和副车架60共同限定出一部分油箱600的安装空间。如此设置的车架100结构稳定性好，而且可以合理利用后部空间，可以保证油箱600的可靠性。而且通过补充副车架60，可以降低车架100的制造难度，而且可以方便油箱600的安装固定。如图5所示，油箱600包括两部分，其中第一部分位于安装空间内，第二部分位于安装空间外，而且第二部分的深度大于第一部分的深度，这样可以提升油箱600的储油能力。
进一步地，如图3和图5所示，全地形车1000还包括散热装置510，散热装置510与排气装置500相连接，油箱600的另一部分设置在第五安装空间100e的一侧，散热装置510设置在第五安装空间100e的另一侧。
具体地，后倾斜段11a和超出段35b之间设置有倾斜的第四加强梁40，第四加强梁40设置有散热装置安装件49。由此，第四加强梁40一方面可以为散热装置510提供安 装位置，另一方面可以提高上主梁11和第五连接梁35a之间的连接强度。
全地形车1000还包括：座垫(图未示出)，座垫设置在车架100和副车架100上，其中座垫主要设置在车架100的中部和副车架100上，如此设置的座垫能够乘坐至少两个驾乘人员，而且可以将油箱600的一部分容纳在座垫的下方。
全地形车1000在排气装置500的下方还设置有减速器(图未示出)。具体地，下主梁组件20在第四连接梁组件34和第五连接梁组件35之间的部分设置有安装全地形车1000的后减速器的减速器安装板50，减速器安装板50设置有上下贯穿的安装孔。减速器安装板50横向连接在两条下主梁21之间，减速器安装在减速器安装板50上，通过设置上下贯穿的安装孔，可以便于减速器按照从下向上的方向安装，从而可以降低减速器的安装难度，可以便于减速器的安装拆卸。
其中，减速器安装板50可以为两个，两个减速器安装板50在前后方向间隔设置，每个减速器安装板50可以对应设置有两个安装孔，减速器的下部可以设置有四个安装孔，这样两个减速器安装板50的四个安装孔和减速器下部的四个安装孔一一通过紧固件安装固定。
进一步地，如图5所示，两条第五连接梁35a之间的间距从下向上呈递增趋势。如此设置的两条第五连接梁35a可以方便减速器从后侧安进和拆出，可以提高减速器的维修便利性。
优选地，两条第五连接梁35a的下端之间的间距可以大于等于减速器的下部的宽度。这样可以进一步地方便减速器的安进和拆出。
下面再补充描述一下上主梁11、下主梁21和多个连接梁的具体结构。
如图1所示，每个上主梁11包括：前水平段11b和后倾斜段11a，前水平段11b连接在后倾斜段11a的前侧，前水平段11b在前后方向上大体水平延伸，而后倾斜段11a在前后方向上大体向斜下方倾斜延伸，而且后倾斜段11a连接在第五连接梁35a的上端和下端之间，后倾斜段11a和第五连接梁35a连接的连接处到第五连接梁35a的上端之间的部位为超出段35b。
两条上主梁11之间设置有上支撑梁12，上支撑梁12在横向方向延伸，上支撑梁12可以提高两条上主梁11的相对位置可靠性，以及可以提升上主梁组件10的结构稳定性。
如图1所示，每个下主梁21包括：从前向后依次连接的前平直段21a、外扩段21b、中平直段21c、内缩段21d和后平直段21e，第一连接梁31a的下端连接在前平直段21a的前端，第二连接梁32a连接在外扩段21b或前平直段21a和外扩段21b之间的连接处，第三连接梁33a的下端连接在外扩段21b或外扩段21b和中平直段21c的连接处，第四 连接梁34a的下端连接在内缩段21d，第五连接梁35a的下端连接在后平直段21e的后端。上述多段的设置主要是为了对应的需安装的装置做出调整，其中，前平直段21a主要安装摇臂的内端和车桥，中平直段21c主要安装发动机410，后平直段21e主要安装减速器和摇臂。由此，通过合理设置下主梁21，能够满足各个装置的安装位置要求，而且自身结构可靠性好。
两条下主梁21之间设置有下支撑梁23，下支撑梁23在横向方向延伸，下支撑梁23可以提高两条下主梁21的相对位置可靠性，以及可以提升下主梁组件20的结构稳定性。
两条第一连接梁31a之间、两条第二连接梁32a之间、两条第三连接梁33a之间以及两条第四连接梁34a之间均设置有中支撑梁36。中支撑梁36在横向方向延伸，中支撑梁36可以提高两条连接梁的相对位置可靠性，以及可以提升连接梁组件30的结构可靠性。
第一连接梁31a包括：上段31b和下段31c，上段31b和下段31c以第一连接梁31a与中支撑梁36的连接处作为分割点，下段31c倾斜设置，其上端位于下端的前上方，上段31b也倾斜设置，其上端位于下端的前下方，两条下段31c之间的距离从下向上呈递增趋势，两条上段31b之间的距离大体不变。
第二连接梁32a、第三连接梁33a和第四连接梁34a均相对下主梁21倾斜设置，第二连接梁32a的上端位于其下端的前上方，第三连接梁33a的上端位于其下端的后上方，第四连接梁34a的上端位于其下端的后上方。如此设置的第二连接梁32a、第三连接梁33a和第四连接梁34a能够合理分割安装空间，可以使得各个装置布置位置合理。
具体地，第二连接梁32a有两种布置形式，如图1所示，其中一种第二连接梁32a为条整梁，其上端位于下端的前上方，如此布置的第二连接梁32a、上主梁11的前部、第一连接梁31a和下主梁21的前部在竖直平面的投影大体呈梯形。另外一种第二连接梁32a与第一连接梁31a类似，其包括上段和下段，上段和下段以第二连接梁32a与第一加强梁37的连接处作为分割点，下段倾斜设置，其上端位于下端的前上方，即从后向前斜向上延伸，上段也倾斜设置，其上端位于下端的后上方，即从前向后斜向上延伸。两条下段之间的距离从下向上呈递增趋势，如此设置的第二连接梁32a能够平衡转向装置200和电控装置300所需的安装空间，可以使得全地形车1000整体结构布置合理。
第三连接梁33a包括上段33b和下段33c，上段33b和下段33c以第三连接梁33a与中支撑梁36的连接处作为分割点，两个上段33b从下向上彼此靠近，两个下段33c从下向上彼此靠近，其中，两个上段33b所对应的夹角小于两个下段33c所对应的夹角。如此设置的第三连接梁33a能够有效地将上主梁11和下主梁21连接，可以保证车架100 的结构稳定性。
第四连接梁34a包括上段34b和下段34c，上段34b和下段34c以第三连接梁33a和第三加强梁39的连接处为分割点，两个上段34b从下向上彼此远离，两个下段34c从下向上彼此靠近。而且第四连接梁34a的上端位于下端的后上方。
第五连接梁35a大体竖直设置，而且两个第五连接梁35a从下向上彼此远离。
其中，第三连接梁33a到同一侧的第四连接梁34a的距离大于其到同一侧的第二连接梁32a的距离，以及大于同一侧第一连接梁31a到同一侧的第二连接梁32a的距离。由于第三连接梁33a到第四连接梁34a之间的空间用于安装发动机410，发动机410所需空间较大，如此设置的连接梁布置合理，能够满足各个装置的空间要求。
同一侧的第二连接梁32a和第三连接梁33a之间的距离从下向上呈递增趋势，这样可以有利于合理设置动力电池310和控制器320的安装空间。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，“第一特征”、“第二特征”可以包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。在本申请的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”或“之下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。在本申请的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述全地形车(1000)包括发动机(410)，所述车架(100)包括：
    上主梁组件(10)，所述上主梁组件(10)包括两条左右间隔的上主梁(11)；
    下主梁组件(20)，所述下主梁组件(20)包括两条左右间隔的下主梁(21)，所述下主梁组件(20)位于所述上主梁组件(10)的下方；
    第一连接梁组件(31)，所述第一连接梁组件(31)包括两条左右间隔的第一连接梁(31a)，每条所述第一连接梁(31a)连接在上下对应的所述上主梁(11)和所述下主梁(21)之间；
    第二连接梁组件(32)，所述第二连接梁组件(32)包括两条左右间隔的第二连接梁(32a)，每条所述第二连接梁(32a)连接在上下对应的所述上主梁(11)和所述下主梁(21)之间；
    第三连接梁组件(33)，所述第三连接梁组件(33)包括两条左右间隔的第三连接梁(33a)，每条所述第三连接梁(33a)连接在上下对应的所述上主梁(11)和所述下主梁(21)之间；
    第四连接梁组件(34)，所述第四连接梁组件(34)包括两条左右间隔的第四连接梁(34a)，每条所述第四连接梁(34a)连接在上下对应的所述上主梁(11)和所述下主梁(21)之间；
    其中，所述第一连接梁组件(31)、所述第二连接梁组件(32)、所述第三连接梁组件(33)和所述第四连接梁组件(34)按照从前向后的顺序依次排布，所述上主梁组件(10)的一部分、所述下主梁组件(20)的一部分、所述第三连接梁组件(33)和所述第四连接梁组件(34)限定出所述发动机(410)的安装空间且至少一个设置有发动机安装件(42)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述上主梁组件(10)和所述下主梁组件(20)均设置有所述发动机安装件(42)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述下主梁组件(20)还包括：底板(22)，所述底板(22)连接在两条所述下主梁(21)之间，所述发动机(410)适于设置在所述底板(22)上，所述底板(22)上设置有固定所述发动机(410)的机体吊耳(42a)，所述机体吊耳(42a)为所述发动机安装件(42)中的一种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，两条所述上主梁(11)中的至少一个设置有固定所述发动机的缸头吊耳(42b)，所述缸头吊耳(42b)为所述发动机安装件(42)中的另一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，每个所述下主梁(21)包括：从前向后依次连接的前平直段(21a)、外扩段(21b)、中平直段(21c)、内缩段(21d)和后平直段(21e)，所述第三连接梁(33a)的下端连接在所述外扩段(21b)或所述外扩段(21b)和所述中平直段(21c)的连接处，所述第四连接梁(34a)的下端连接在所述内缩段(21d)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述第三连接梁(33a)和所述第四连接梁(34a)均相对所述下主梁(21)倾斜设置，所述第三连接梁(33a)的上端位于其下端的后上方，所述第四连接梁(34a)的上端位于其下端的后上方。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述第三连接梁(33a)到同一侧的所述第四连接梁(34a)的距离大于其到同一侧的所述第二连接梁(32a)的距离，以及大于同一侧的所述第一连接梁(31a)到所述第二连接梁(32a)的距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，同一侧的所述第一连接梁(31a)和所述第二连接梁(32a)之间设置有第一加强梁(37)，同一侧的所述第二连接梁(32a)和所述第三连接梁(33a)之间设置有第二加强梁(38)。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述车架(100)还包括：第五连接梁组件(35)，所述第五连接梁组件(35)包括两条左右间隔的第五连接梁(35a)，每条所述第五连接梁(35a)连接在上下对应的所述上主梁(11)的后端和所述下主梁(21)的后端之间，所述第五连接梁组件(35)位于所述第四连接梁组件(34)的后方。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述第四连接梁(34a)和同一侧的所述第五连接梁(35a)之间设置有第三加强梁(39)。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述上主梁(11)的后部构造为朝向后下方倾斜的后倾斜段(11a)，所述第五连接梁(35a)连接在所述后倾斜段(11a)的后端且具有向上超出所述后倾斜段(11a)的超出段(35b)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述后倾斜段(11a)和所述超出段(35b)之间设置有倾斜的第四加强梁(40)，所述第四加强梁(40)设置有散热装置安装件(49)。
  13. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，两条所述 上主梁(11)之间设置有上支撑梁(12)，两条所述下主梁(21)之间设置有下支撑梁(23)，两条所述第一连接梁(31a)之间、两条所述第二连接梁(32a)之间、两条所述第三连接梁(33a)之间以及两条所述第四连接梁(34a)之间均设置有中支撑梁(36)。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述车架(100)包括多个安装空间，所述多个安装空间包括从前向后依次排布的第一安装空间(100a)、第二安装空间(100b)、第三安装空间(100c)和第四安装空间(100d)；所述第一安装空间(100a)用于安装所述全地形车(1000)的转向装置(200)，所述第二安装空间(100b)用于安装所述全地形车(1000)的电控装置(300)，所述第三安装空间(100c)用于安装所述全地形车(1000)的具有所述发动机(410)的动力总成(400)，所述第四安装空间(100d)用于安装所述全地形车(1000)的排气装置(500)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，所述上主梁组件(10)的一部分、所述下主梁组件(20)的一部分、所述第二连接梁组件(32)和所述第三连接梁组件(33)限定出所述第二安装空间(100b)，所述第二安装空间(100b)内设置有电控装置安装件(43)。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，两条所述上主梁(11)的前段、两条所述第一连接梁(31a)的上段、两条所述第二连接梁(32a)的上段和两条第一加强梁(37)共同构成所述全地形车(1000)的转向装置(200)的安装空间。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，两条所述第四连接梁(34a)的上段、两条所述第五连接梁(35a)的上段、两条所述第三加强梁(39)和两条所述上主梁(11)的后段共同限定出所述全地形车(1000)的排气装置(500)的安装空间。
  18. 根据权利要求8所述的全地形车的车架，其特征在于，两条所述第二加强梁(38)之间设置有中板(45)，所述中板(45)用于支撑所述全地形车(1000)的动力电池(310)。
  19. 一种全地形车，其特征在于，包括：
    发动机(410)；
    权利要求1至18中任一项所述的全地形车的车架(100)，所述发动机(410)安装在所述车架(100)的安装空间内。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的全地形车，其特征在于，所述全地形车还包括：
    副车架(60)和油箱(600)，所述副车架(60)设置在所述车架(100)的后部上方，所述副车架(60)与所述车架(100)的后部限定出第五安装空间(100e)，所述第五安装空间(100e)用于安装所述油箱(600)的一部分，所述油箱(600)的另一部 分设置在所述第五安装空间(100e)的一侧。
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