WO2020235593A1 - Dispositif dentaire et sa méthode de production - Google Patents

Dispositif dentaire et sa méthode de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020235593A1
WO2020235593A1 PCT/JP2020/019943 JP2020019943W WO2020235593A1 WO 2020235593 A1 WO2020235593 A1 WO 2020235593A1 JP 2020019943 W JP2020019943 W JP 2020019943W WO 2020235593 A1 WO2020235593 A1 WO 2020235593A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
head
diffusion
dental instrument
joint surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/019943
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
水野芳伸
伊藤誠
Original Assignee
Eco-A株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eco-A株式会社 filed Critical Eco-A株式会社
Priority to CN202080037310.4A priority Critical patent/CN113853177A/zh
Priority to JP2021520817A priority patent/JPWO2020235593A1/ja
Publication of WO2020235593A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020235593A1/fr

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C3/00Dental tools or instruments
    • A61C3/02Tooth drilling or cutting instruments; Instruments acting like a sandblast machine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dental instrument and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • a rotation drive device such as a handpiece, which is a medical cutting device.
  • This handpiece is mainly used with a cutting tool called a carbide bar attached.
  • This dental technician carbide bar is used when cutting a wide range of dental materials such as gypsum, resin, metal, and ceramics because of its excellent durability (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the carbide bar is mainly composed of a head having a cutting edge formed on the outer periphery by electric discharge machining or the like, and a shaft serving as a rotation axis of the head.
  • This head is formed of a cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide as a main component.
  • the shaft is made of stainless steel or the like.
  • the carbide bar is generally formed by grinding a head and a shaft from a cemented carbide, or by brazing a shaft made of stainless steel with a head made of a cemented carbide.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a dental instrument having high strength at the joint between a head and a shaft made of dissimilar metals and capable of additional machining, and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the dental instrument of the present invention comprises a shaft and a head, and the shaft and the head are joined via a diffusion layer.
  • the thickness of the diffusion layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer is preferably formed in a convex shape on at least one of the shaft and the head, and preferably, the shaft and the head are convex toward the higher electrical resistance. It is better that it is formed in a shape.
  • the shaft is made of a first metal
  • the head is made of a second metal made of a material different from that of the shaft.
  • the method for manufacturing a dental instrument including a shaft and a head of the present invention is characterized in that the joint surface of the shaft and the joint surface of the head are joined by energization diffusion joining.
  • the joint surface of at least one of the shaft and the head convex, and preferably, the joint surface of the shaft and the head having the lower electric resistance is convex. Good.
  • the output of the power supply is controlled by an upslope to energize the joint surface between the shaft and the head.
  • the time for energizing the shaft and the head is preferably 90 seconds or less, more preferably 30 seconds or less.
  • the shaft is made of a first metal
  • the head can be made of a second metal whose material is different from that of the shaft.
  • the diffusion bonding may be one in which the bonding surface between the shaft and the head is energized and diffusion bonding is performed in a solid phase due to the heat generated by the resistance, or in a liquid phase. ..
  • the shape of the head can be processed after the current diffusion bonding.
  • the dental instrument 1 of the present invention is for cutting, polishing, trimming, etc. of teeth, bones, and prostheses (dentures, etc.) in dentistry, and as shown in FIG. 1, the shaft 11 and the head 12 are used. Mainly composed. Examples of the dental instrument 1 include a carbide bar. As shown in FIG. 2, such a dental instrument 1 is used by being attached to a rotation driving device such as a handpiece 2 which is gripped and operated by a hand.
  • the shaft 11 is a portion that is formed so as to be mounted on the chuck of the rotation drive device and functions as a rotation shaft of the head 12.
  • the shaft 11 may have any shape as long as it can be rotatably attached to the chuck of the handpiece 2, and a conventional generally known shape can be adopted.
  • the material of the shaft 11 is made of metal (first metal). Since the shaft 11 is mounted on the handpiece 2 and rotates, any metal may be used as long as it is not bent or distorted by the rotational force, but a steel material such as stainless steel can be used. Specifically, SUS201 and the like can be mentioned.
  • the head 12 is a part for cutting, polishing, trimming, etc. of teeth, bones, and prostheses (dentures, etc.).
  • the shape of the head 12 may be any shape as long as it can scrape teeth formed of enamel, dentin, cementum, etc., and prostheses made of metal, etc., depending on the purpose, and has been known conventionally. It is possible to adopt a general shape.
  • the material of the head 12 is made of a metal (second metal) different from that of the shaft 11.
  • the metals having different materials include not only metals having different components but also metals having the same components but different properties, such as metals formed by different quenching.
  • the head 12 may be made of any metal as long as it has a hardness capable of scraping teeth formed of enamel, dentin, cementum, etc., and prostheses made of metal, etc., but for example, super Cemented carbide, molybdenum steel, and high-grade steel can be used.
  • the cemented carbide is an alloy made by sintering a powder of hard metal carbide, and examples thereof include tungsten carbide. If the head 12 is formed of cemented carbide, durability is improved and good machinability can be maintained for a long time.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 are diffusion-bonded, and the joint portion 13 between the shaft 11 and the head 12 has a diffusion layer made of a first metal and a second metal.
  • diffusion bonding means that the bonding surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the bonding surface 12a of the head 12 are brought into contact with each other, pressurized to the extent that plastic deformation does not occur as much as possible, and bonded by utilizing the diffusion of atoms generated between the bonding surfaces. It is a thing.
  • a metal may be sandwiched between the bonding surfaces for the purpose of promoting the bonding.
  • the diffusion layer is a layer formed by diffusing the first metal and the second metal with each other.
  • the thickness of the diffusion layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less. Good.
  • the joint surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the joint surface 12a of the head 12 has a convex shape, the joint surface 11a is first contacted with a point or a line, and the diffusion layer gradually expands and joins when an electric current is applied.
  • the other joint surface preferably has a smooth shape such as a flat surface or a mirror surface so that at least no voids are formed during diffusion bonding. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • a member having a high electric resistance is more likely to generate heat, it is easier to form a uniform diffusion layer by making the joint surface of the shaft 11 and the head 12 having a lower electric resistance convex.
  • the convex shape of the joint surface means that the tip of the joint surface is point-shaped or linear, and for example, the joint surface may be conical or spherical, or the cross section of the joint surface may be triangular or arch-shaped. be able to. Further, only one convex portion may be formed on the joint surface, or a plurality of convex portions may be formed. When a plurality of convex portions are formed on the joint surface, conventionally known methods such as sand blast treatment, shot blast treatment, etching treatment, and laser treatment can be used. When the shaft 11 and the head 12 formed in this way are joined, the joint portion 13 has a portion in which the shape of the diffusion layer is formed to be convex on either one or both of the shaft and the head.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 are formed when the joint surface having the lower electric resistance is convex and the joint surface having the higher electric resistance is flat.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer is formed to be convex on the shaft 11 and the head 12 having the higher electric resistance.
  • the number of convex portions formed on the diffusion layer 13 may be plural.
  • the method for manufacturing a dental instrument 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the joint surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the joint surface 12a of the head 12 are joined by current diffusion joining.
  • the shapes and materials of the shaft 11 and the head 12 are the same as those described for the dental instrument 1 described above, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted unless otherwise specified.
  • a head 12 made of cemented carbide and a shaft 11 made of stainless steel can be used as an example of the material.
  • the diffusion bonding means that the bonding surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the bonding surface 12a of the head 12 are brought into contact with each other and pressurized to the extent that plastic deformation is not caused as much as possible, and the atoms diffused between the bonding surfaces 11a and 12a. Is used for joining.
  • a metal may be sandwiched between the bonding surfaces for the purpose of promoting the bonding.
  • diffusion bonding there are two types of diffusion bonding, one is diffusion bonding in the solid phase and the other is diffusion bonding in the liquid phase.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the metal sandwiched between them is bonded by diffusion while being maintained in a solid phase state.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the metal sandwiched between them is temporarily melted, and then isothermally solidified by diffusion to bond.
  • diffusion bonding As a specific example of diffusion bonding, one can be used in which the bonding surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the bonding surface 12a of the head 12 are energized and diffusion bonding is performed in a solid phase or a liquid phase by the heat generation of the resistance. In this case, there is an advantage that the deformation of the joint portion 13 between the shaft 11 and the head 12 is small and precise jointing is possible. Further, the joint surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the joint surface 12a of the head 12 can be energized, and diffusion bonding can be performed in the liquid phase by the heat generated by the resistance. In this case, there are advantages that the accuracy of the joint surfaces 11a and 12a can be easily processed, the joint pressure may be small, and the adhesion of the joint surfaces is promoted.
  • the shape of the joint surface 11a of the shaft 11 and the joint surface 12a of the head 12 before joining is such that at least one of them is convex, the contact is made at a point first, and when an electric current is applied, the diffusion layer gradually expands and joins.
  • the shape to be used is preferable.
  • the other joint surface preferably has a smooth shape such as a flat surface or a mirror surface so that at least no voids are formed during diffusion bonding. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • a member having a high electric resistance is more likely to generate heat, it is easier to form a uniform diffusion layer by making the joint surface of the shaft 11 and the head 12 having a lower electric resistance convex.
  • the convex shape of the joint surface means that the tip of the joint surface is point-shaped or linear, and for example, the joint surface may be conical or spherical, or the cross section of the joint surface may be triangular or arch-shaped. be able to. Further, only one convex portion may be formed on the joint surface, or a plurality of convex portions may be formed. When a plurality of convex portions are formed on the joint surface, conventionally known methods such as sandblasting, shot blasting, etching, and laser treatment can be used. When the shaft 11 and the head 12 thus formed are joined, the joint portion 13 has a portion in which the shape of the diffusion layer is convexly formed on either one or both of the shaft and the head.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 are formed when the joint surface having the lower electric resistance is convex and the joint surface having the higher electric resistance is flat.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer is formed to be convex toward the higher electrical resistance of the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the number of convex portions formed on the diffusion layer 13 may be plural.
  • the energization diffusion joining device is for performing diffusion bonding by energizing the shaft 11 and the head 12 that are in contact with the joint surface, and pressurizes the electrodes, the power supply, the temperature information providing unit, the output control unit, and the pressurization. It is mainly composed of departments.
  • the electrodes are for conducting electricity output from the power supply to the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the current-diffusion bonding device may be provided with at least two electrodes for conducting electricity to the shaft 11 and the head 12, and is provided, for example, at a portion facing the shaft 11 and the head 12 with a bonding surface interposed therebetween.
  • three or more electrodes may be provided depending on the material and shape of the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the electrode may be made of any material as long as electricity can be conducted between the shaft 11 and the head 12, and for example, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, or the like can be used.
  • the electrodes are connected to the power supply via a cable.
  • the power supply is for outputting power to multiple electrodes.
  • the power supply may be any power supply as long as the outputs applied to the plurality of electrodes can be continuously changed, and for example, a known inverter power supply can be used.
  • the temperature information providing unit is for providing the temperature information of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode to the output control unit.
  • the temperature information means information on the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode, and may be the information as it is, or is converted from the temperature by calculation, for example, a voltage value that determines the voltage of the power supply. It may be information.
  • a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrodes can be used as the temperature sensor may be any one as long as it can detect the temperature of the joining member or the electrode.
  • a non-contact sensor that detects the temperature in a non-contact manner such as an infrared radiation thermometer, a shaft 11 and a head 12, or A contact sensor such as a thermometer that detects the temperature by contacting the electrode may be used. It is also possible to use both a non-contact type and a contact type.
  • the energization diffusion joint energizes the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12 by controlling the output of the power supply with an upslope. Therefore, it is preferable that the output control unit controls the output of the power supply with an upslope based on the temperature information from the temperature information providing unit.
  • a constant current is energized for a certain period of time, or a constant current is energized by ON / OFF control, so that the temperature of the place where the current is concentrated may rise sharply.
  • the bonding state of the bonding surface becomes non-uniform, such as the bonding state of the relevant portion becoming a liquid phase bond, which leads to variations in the bonding state.
  • the upslope control since the current is gradually increased, sudden current concentration can be suppressed and the temperature of the joint surface can be made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to grow a uniform diffusion layer on the joint surface, and it is possible to achieve uniform strength.
  • the current is concentrated. Can be suppressed and a more uniform diffusion layer can be grown.
  • the output control unit can continuously control the output of the power supply in real time with an upslope based on the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor, enabling precise temperature control of the shaft 11 and the head 12. Therefore, the joining strength at the joining surface between the joining members is high, and it is possible to perform joining with little variation. Further, such continuous control can maintain a constant thermal expansion as compared with ON / OFF control, so that the influence of pressure fluctuation due to thermal expansion can be reduced.
  • the output control unit may be any as long as the output of the power supply can be controlled by an upslope based on the temperature information from the temperature information providing unit. For example, from the CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O, etc. It is possible to use the one which is configured and the operation unit and the display unit are electrically connected. Specifically, a known PID temperature controller such as a high-speed sampling temperature controller can be used.
  • the operation unit is composed of various operation switches such as a start switch and a start switch, an input panel including a touch panel, and the like. The information input from the operation unit is transmitted to the output control unit. Further, the display unit receives information based on the input to the output control unit or the calculation result in the output control unit from the output control unit, and displays the information.
  • the display unit is composed of a digital display panel, a lamp, and the like.
  • the temperature information providing unit described above a case where the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode is acquired in real time by using the temperature sensor and the temperature information of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode is provided to the output control unit will be described. did.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 of the same material are joined in the same environment using the current diffusion joining device, the relationship between the elapsed time and the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode has the same result. Therefore, if the temperature information indicating the relationship between the elapsed time and the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode is acquired in advance, the temperature information can be provided without using the temperature sensor.
  • the temperature information providing unit may be a temperature information storage unit that stores temperature information indicating the relationship between the elapsed time of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode and the temperature of the shaft 11 and the head 12 or the electrode.
  • the output control unit can control the output of the power supply based on the temperature information stored in the temperature information storage unit.
  • the temperature information storage unit may be any as long as it can store the temperature information for determining the relationship between the elapsed time and the output of the power supply, and for example, a known memory or the like may be used.
  • the pressurizing part is for applying pressure to the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the structure of the pressurizing portion may be any as long as pressure can be applied to the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12, and for example, a pressurizing member having an electrode fixed and a driving source for driving the pressurizing member. And a ball screw mechanism that transmits the driving force of the driving source and moves the pressurizing member up and down.
  • the pressurizing member may be formed according to the shapes of the shaft 11 and the head 12, or an intermediate member matching the shapes of the shaft 11 and the head 12 may be sandwiched between them.
  • the material of the pressure member may be any material as long as it has rigidity against pressure, and for example, a metal such as stainless steel, copper, molybdenum, or tungsten may be used.
  • the pressurizing member may have a cooling means for cooling the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the cooling means may be any one as long as the shaft 11 and the head 12 can be cooled, and for example, a cooling fluid such as tap water may be circulated in the flow path.
  • the flow path may be provided on the pressurizing member itself, or a cooling block on which the flow path is formed may be arranged in close contact with the pressurizing member.
  • a servomotor with a speed reducer can be used as the drive source.
  • An encoder is attached to the servomotor and is arranged on a gantry.
  • the ball screw mechanism consists of a screw shaft extending in the vertical direction and having a thread groove formed on the outer peripheral surface, a nut having a thread groove formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a plurality of balls accommodated between these thread grooves.
  • the nut is fixed to the upper part of the pressurizing member via an insulator made of bakelite or the like and a pressure sensor.
  • the screw shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the servomotor via a speed reducer.
  • the servomotor When the servomotor is rotationally driven, the screw shaft rotates, and the nut, and thus the pressurizing member, moves up and down relative to the screw shaft. Further, when the driving of the servomotor is stopped, the position of the pressurizing member is maintained. At this time, the pressurizing portion regulates the displacement of the shaft 11 and the head 12 to apply pressure to the joint surface.
  • the pressurizing unit may have a pressure sensor that detects the pressure on the joint surface.
  • the pressure sensor is, for example, a uniaxial load cell that measures the pressure in the vertical direction, but a multi-axis pressure sensor may be used.
  • the pressure sensor can indirectly detect the pressure applied to the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the pressurizing portion may further include an elastic force urging means for urging the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12 with an elastic force.
  • an elastic force urging means is arranged between the base member on which the pressurizing member is arranged and the base of the current diffusion joining device.
  • the elastic force urging means is composed of, for example, a spring and a block body for restricting the spring to a preset length shorter than the free length between the spring and the base member.
  • the pressure acting on the shaft 11 and the head 12 from the base member pushed up by the elastic force urging means can be changed by exchanging the springs. With this configuration, even if thermal expansion or contraction occurs in the shaft 11 and the head 12, a sudden change in pressure acting on the joint surface can be alleviated.
  • the pressurizing portion may have any other configuration as long as it is for pressing the shaft 11 and the head 12 with each other at the joint surface.
  • the energization heating joining device may further have a pressure control unit for controlling the pressure applied to the joining surface.
  • the pressure control unit is composed of, for example, a CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O, etc., and the operation unit and the display unit are electrically connected to each other.
  • the operation unit is composed of various operation switches such as a start switch and a start switch, an input panel including a touch panel, and the like.
  • the information input from the operation unit is transmitted to the pressure control unit.
  • the display unit receives information from the pressure control unit based on the input to the pressure control unit or the calculation result in the pressure control unit, and displays the information.
  • the display unit is composed of a digital display panel, a lamp, and the like. It is also possible to use the same pressure control unit as the output control unit described above.
  • detection signals are input to the pressure control unit from the encoder, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor.
  • the pressure control unit is based on these detection signals, information input from the operation unit, and control information such as set pressure Ps, lower limit set pressure Ps1, set temperature Ts, and set holding time Hs stored in the storage unit. Outputs a control signal to the servo motor.
  • the joint surfaces of the shaft 11 and the head 12 are brought into contact with each other, and the shaft 11 and the head 12 are energized and heated.
  • a diffusion layer can be grown and joined to the joint surface between the shaft 11 and the head 12.
  • the energization time is preferably 90 seconds or less, and more preferably 30 seconds or less.
  • the thickness of the diffusion layer of the shaft 11 and the head 12 can be made 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the shaft 11 may be made of a first metal
  • the head 12 may be made of a second metal whose material is different from that of the shaft 11.
  • the metals having different materials include not only metals having different components but also metals having different properties such as metals formed by different quenching even if they have the same components.
  • a metal suitable for the shaft 11 and the head 12 may be selected according to cost, hardness, and the like.
  • the bonding surface of the shaft 11 and the head 12 may be energized and diffusion bonding may be performed in a solid phase due to the heat generated by the resistance, or may be diffusion bonding in a liquid phase.
  • the shape of the head 12 may be further processed after the shaft 11 and the head 12 are diffusion-bonded.
  • the shaft 11 and the head 12 are firmly joined by diffusion joining, it is possible to perform additional machining on the shape of the blade of the head 12. Therefore, as the head 12 for diffusion joining, not only the head 12 described in the above-described dental instrument 1 but also the rough-processed head 12 before processing the head 12 can be used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir : un dispositif dentaire dans lequel une partie de jonction entre une tête et une tige présente une résistance élevée, et un traitement supplémentaire est possible ; et une méthode de production du dispositif dentaire. Cette méthode de production de ce dispositif dentaire (1) ayant une tige (11) et une tête (12) implique l'assemblage d'une surface de jonction (11a) de la tige (11) et d'une surface de jonction (12a) de la tête (12) par liaison par diffusion de passage d'électricité. Ce faisant, la surface de jonction de la tige (11) et/ou de la tête (12), de préférence l'une ayant une résistance électrique inférieure, est formée selon une forme saillante. En outre, pour la liaison par diffusion, un passage d'électricité est réalisé sur les surfaces de jonction de la tige (11) et de la tête (12) avec un contrôle de pente ascendante de la sortie d'une alimentation électrique. Par conséquent, la tige (11) et la tête (12) sont jointes avec une couche de diffusion uniforme interposée entre celles-ci, et par conséquent, le dispositif dentaire (1) peut être fourni dans lequel la partie d'articulation (13) a une résistance élevée, et un traitement supplémentaire est possible.
PCT/JP2020/019943 2019-05-21 2020-05-20 Dispositif dentaire et sa méthode de production WO2020235593A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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CN202080037310.4A CN113853177A (zh) 2019-05-21 2020-05-20 牙科医疗用器具及其制造方法
JP2021520817A JPWO2020235593A1 (fr) 2019-05-21 2020-05-20

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JP2019-095573 2019-05-21
JP2019095573 2019-05-21

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JP2004216410A (ja) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Takeshi Honda 切削工具、およびその製造方法
WO2009107594A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 マニー株式会社 Procédé pour assembler du carbure métallique et de l'acier inoxydable
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KR20160000974A (ko) * 2014-06-25 2016-01-06 조선대학교산학협력단 초소형 pcd 절삭공구 및 이의 제조방법

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CN1013253B (zh) * 1988-10-15 1991-07-24 张悦仁 异种金属管冷挤压-热扩散焊工艺
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US20130171583A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-07-04 Mutsunori SHIOIRI Medical cutting instrument
DE102010054453A1 (de) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-14 Hochschule Für Angewandte Wissenschaften - Fachhochschule Kempten Verfahren zum Fügen von Werkstücken
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0975373A (ja) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-25 Manii Kk カーバイドバー及びその製造方法
JP2004216410A (ja) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Takeshi Honda 切削工具、およびその製造方法
WO2009107594A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 マニー株式会社 Procédé pour assembler du carbure métallique et de l'acier inoxydable
WO2009107595A1 (fr) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 マニー株式会社 Outil de coupe dentaire
KR20160000974A (ko) * 2014-06-25 2016-01-06 조선대학교산학협력단 초소형 pcd 절삭공구 및 이의 제조방법

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CN113853177A (zh) 2021-12-28

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