WO2020235603A1 - Soupape de moteur et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Soupape de moteur et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020235603A1
WO2020235603A1 PCT/JP2020/019982 JP2020019982W WO2020235603A1 WO 2020235603 A1 WO2020235603 A1 WO 2020235603A1 JP 2020019982 W JP2020019982 W JP 2020019982W WO 2020235603 A1 WO2020235603 A1 WO 2020235603A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine valve
diffusion
joint surface
metal
joint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/019982
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
水野芳伸
伊藤誠
Original Assignee
Ｅｃｏ－Ａ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｅｃｏ－Ａ株式会社 filed Critical Ｅｃｏ－Ａ株式会社
Priority to CN202080037290.0A priority Critical patent/CN113891774A/zh
Priority to JP2021520823A priority patent/JPWO2020235603A1/ja
Publication of WO2020235603A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020235603A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an engine valve and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • engine parts that operate under harsh conditions such as engine valves that reciprocate at high speed while being exposed to high temperatures, have excellent shapes such as weight reduction, heat capacity reduction, heat dissipation and heat resistance improvement. Structure is needed.
  • various engine valves are provided, such as making them hollow, or enclosing metallic sodium in a hollow shaft to reduce the heat load.
  • each member such as the valve head, valve face, valve stem, and valve stem end that make up the engine valve is manufactured individually according to each purpose such as weight reduction, reduction of heat capacity, improvement of heat dissipation and heat resistance.
  • an engine valve as a finished product is manufactured by joining each member to each other (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an engine valve which does not require deburring, has high strength of the joint portion 14, and has little deterioration of the metal structure other than the joint portion, and a method for manufacturing the engine valve.
  • the engine valve of the present invention has a first member and a second member joined to each other, and the first member and the second member are interposed via a diffusion layer within 5 ⁇ m. It is characterized by being joined together.
  • it may have a hollow portion that communicates the first member and the second member.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer is preferably formed in a convex shape on at least one of the first member and the second member, and is preferably one of the first member and the second member. It is better to have one formed in a convex shape on the side with higher electrical resistance.
  • the first member is made of a first metal
  • the second member can be made of a second metal made of a material different from that of the first member.
  • the method for manufacturing an engine valve of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an engine valve composed of a first member and a second member joined to each other, and the joint surface of the first member and the second member are subjected to current diffusion joining. It is characterized in that the joint surfaces of the above are joined.
  • At least one of the first member and the second member has a convex joint surface, and preferably, the first member and the second member having the lower electric resistance are joined. It is better to make the surface convex.
  • the energization diffusion joint energizes the joint surface between the first member and the second member by controlling the output of the power supply with an upslope.
  • the time for energizing the first member and the second member is preferably 90 seconds or less, preferably 30 seconds or less.
  • first member may be made of a first metal
  • second member may be made of a second metal whose material is different from that of the first member
  • the diffusion bonding may be one in which the bonding surface between the first metal and the second metal is energized and diffusion bonding is performed in a solid phase by the resistance heat generation thereof, or diffusion bonding is performed in a liquid phase. There may be.
  • the joint portion 14 is joined by current diffusion joint, there is little deterioration of the metal structure other than the joint portion 14. Moreover, the strength of the joint portion 14 is very high.
  • the engine valve 1 of the present invention has at least a first member 11 and a second member 12 joined to each other.
  • the first member 11 and the second member 12 may be any combination as long as they are members constituting the engine valve 1 and are joined to each other.
  • the first member 11 is a valve face and the second member 12 is a valve stem.
  • FIG. 1B the first member 11 is a valve stem and the second member 12 is a valve stem end.
  • the engine valve 1 may have three or more joined members.
  • the first member 11 and the second member 12 are joined via a diffusion layer 13 within 5 ⁇ m.
  • the diffusion layer 13 should be 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the joining method may be any method as long as the thickness of the diffusion layer 13 can be 5 ⁇ m or less, and for example, an energization diffusion joining described later can be used.
  • the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 before joining is made convex, and first contact with a point or a line, and when an electric current is applied, a diffusion layer is gradually formed.
  • a shape in which 13 is spread and joined is preferable.
  • the other joint surface preferably has a smooth shape such as a flat surface or a mirror surface so that at least no voids are formed during diffusion bonding.
  • the shape of the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 before joining one is formed in a convex shape and the other is formed in a flat shape.
  • the diffusion layer 13 gradually and neatly spreads from the apex of the convex portion in contact with the plane, so that a uniform diffusion layer 13 can be formed. Therefore, the breaking strength of the joint portion 14 can be increased.
  • a member having a high electric resistance is more likely to generate heat, it is easier to form a uniform diffusion layer by making the joint surface of the first member 11 and the second member 12 having a lower electric resistance convex. ..
  • the convex shape of the joint surface means that the tip of the joint surface is point-shaped or linear, and for example, the joint surface may be conical or spherical, or the cross section of the joint surface may be triangular or arch-shaped. be able to. Further, only one convex portion may be formed on the joint surface, or a plurality of convex portions may be formed. When a plurality of convex portions are formed on the joint surface, conventionally known methods such as sand blast treatment, shot blast treatment, etching treatment, and laser treatment can be used.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer 13 is either the first member 11 or the second member 12 at the joint portion 14, as shown in FIG. It will have a convexly formed portion on one side. More preferably, as described above, the first member 11 and the second member 12 having a convex joint surface having a lower electric resistance and a flat joint surface having a higher electric resistance are joined. It is a shape formed in the case, and specifically, it is preferable that the shape of the diffusion layer 13 is formed to be convex toward the higher electrical resistance of the first member 11 and the second member 12. The number of convex portions formed on the diffusion layer 13 may be plural.
  • first member 11 and the second member may have any shape as long as they can exert the functions of the respective members, and a conventionally known general shape can be adopted.
  • first member 11 and the second member 12 may have a hollow portion 15 that communicates with each other.
  • the hollow portion 15 is a portion whose inside is hollow for the purpose of reducing the weight of the engine valve 1 and reducing the heat capacity.
  • the material of the first member 11 is made of metal (first metal).
  • the first member 11 may be any metal as long as it can exhibit the function of the member, and for example, steel materials such as austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel, nickel alloys, titanium and titanium alloys may be used. it can. Specific examples include SUH3 as a material for the valve face (first member 11).
  • the material of the second member 12 is made of a metal (second metal) whose material is different from that of the first member 11.
  • a metal second metal
  • steel materials such as austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel, nickel alloys, titanium and titanium alloys can be used.
  • the metals having different materials include not only metals having different components but also metals having the same components but different properties such as metals formed by different quenching.
  • the first member 11 and the second member 12 are made of the same type of metal, there is an advantage that the bonding interface is hardly seen and the fracture strength is superior to that of the conventional friction welding.
  • SUH3 is used as the material of the valve face (first member 11)
  • SUH35 can be used as the valve stem (second member 12).
  • the method for manufacturing the engine valve 1 of the present invention is to join the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 described above by current diffusion joining.
  • the energization diffusion bonding is a method in which the bonding surface of the first member 11 and the second member 12 is energized and diffusion bonding is performed in a solid phase or a liquid phase by the heat generation of the resistance.
  • the current diffusion bonding has an advantage that the deformation of the bonding portion 14 between the first member 11 and the second member 12 is small and precise bonding is possible. It also has the advantage that there is almost no alteration of the metal structure other than the joint portion 14.
  • the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 before joining is made convex, and first contact with a point or a line, and when an electric current is applied, a diffusion layer is gradually formed.
  • a shape in which 13 is spread and joined is preferable.
  • the other joint surface preferably has a smooth shape such as a flat surface or a mirror surface so that at least no voids are formed during diffusion bonding.
  • the shape of the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 before joining one is formed in a convex shape and the other is formed in a flat shape.
  • the diffusion layer 13 gradually and neatly spreads from the apex of the convex portion in contact with the plane, so that an even and uniform diffusion layer 13 can be formed. Therefore, the breaking strength of the joint portion 14 can be increased.
  • a member having a high electric resistance is more likely to generate heat, it is easier to form a uniform diffusion layer by making the joint surface of the first member 11 and the second member 12 having a lower electric resistance convex. ..
  • the convex shape of the joint surface means that the tip of the joint surface is point-shaped or linear, and for example, the joint surface may be conical or spherical, or the cross section of the joint surface may be triangular or arch-shaped. be able to. Further, only one convex portion may be formed on the joint surface, or a plurality of convex portions may be formed. When a plurality of convex portions are formed on the joint surface, conventionally known methods such as sand blast treatment, shot blast treatment, etching treatment, and laser treatment can be used.
  • the shape of the diffusion layer 13 is either the first member 11 or the second member 12 at the joint portion 14, as shown in FIG. It will have a convexly formed portion on one side. More preferably, as described above, the joint surface of the first member 11 and the second member 12 having the lower electric resistance is convex and the joint surface having the higher electric resistance is flat. It is a shape formed in the case, and specifically, it is preferable that the shape of the diffusion layer 13 is formed to be convex toward the higher electrical resistance of the first member 11 and the second member 12. The number of convex portions formed on the diffusion layer 13 may be plural.
  • the energization diffusion joining device is for performing diffusion bonding by energizing the first member 11 and the second member 12 with which the joint surfaces are abutted, and is an electrode, a power source, a temperature information providing unit, and an output control unit. And a pressurizing part.
  • the electrodes are for conducting electricity output from the power supply to the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the energization diffusion joining device may be provided with at least two electrodes for conducting electricity to the first member 11 and the second member 12, for example, sandwiching the joining surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12. It is provided in the opposite part with.
  • three or more electrodes may be provided depending on the material and shape of the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the electrode may be made of any material as long as electricity can be conducted through the first member 11 and the second member 12, and for example, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, or the like can be used.
  • the electrodes are connected to the power supply via a cable.
  • the power supply is for outputting power to multiple electrodes.
  • the power supply may be any power supply as long as the outputs applied to the plurality of electrodes can be continuously changed, and for example, a known inverter power supply can be used.
  • the temperature information providing unit is for providing the output control unit with temperature information of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrodes.
  • the temperature information means information on the temperature of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode, and may be the information as it is, or is calculated from the temperature such as the voltage value that determines the voltage of the power supply. It may be the information converted by.
  • a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the first member 11, the second member 12, or the electrode can be used.
  • the temperature sensor may be any one as long as it can detect the temperature of the joint 14 material or the electrode.
  • a non-contact sensor that detects the temperature in a non-contact manner such as an infrared radiation thermometer, or a first member 11
  • a contact type sensor such as a thermocouple that detects the temperature by contacting the second member 12 or the electrode may be used. It is also possible to use both a non-contact type and a contact type.
  • the energization diffusion joint energizes the joint surface of the first member 11 and the second member 12 by controlling the output of the power supply with an upslope. Therefore, it is preferable that the output control unit controls the output of the power supply with an upslope based on the temperature information from the temperature information providing unit.
  • a constant current is energized for a certain period of time, or a constant current is energized by ON / OFF control, so that the temperature of the place where the current is concentrated may rise sharply.
  • the bonding state of the bonding surface becomes non-uniform, such as the bonding state of the relevant portion becoming a liquid phase bond, which leads to variations in the bonding state.
  • the upslope control since the current is gradually increased, sudden current concentration can be suppressed and the temperature of the joint surface can be made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to grow a uniform diffusion layer 13 on the joint surface, and it is possible to achieve uniform strength.
  • one of the joint surface 11a of the first member 11 and the joint surface 12a of the second member 12 before joining is formed to be convex and the other is flat. This is because the concentration of electric current can be suppressed and a more uniform diffusion layer 13 can be grown.
  • the output control unit can continuously control the output of the power supply in real time with an upslope based on the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor, enabling precise temperature control of the first member 11 and the second member 12. it can. Therefore, the joining strength of the 14 joining portions on the joining surface is high, and it is possible to perform joining with little variation. Further, such continuous control can maintain a constant thermal expansion as compared with ON / OFF control, so that the influence of pressure fluctuation due to thermal expansion can be reduced.
  • the output control unit may be any as long as the output of the power supply can be controlled by an upslope based on the temperature information from the temperature information providing unit. For example, from the CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O, etc. It is possible to use the one which is configured and the operation unit and the display unit are electrically connected. Specifically, a known PID temperature controller such as a high-speed sampling temperature controller can be used.
  • the operation unit is composed of various operation switches such as a start switch and a start switch, an input panel including a touch panel, and the like. The information input from the operation unit is transmitted to the output control unit. Further, the display unit receives information based on the input to the output control unit or the calculation result in the output control unit from the output control unit, and displays the information.
  • the display unit is composed of a digital display panel, a lamp, and the like.
  • the temperature of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode is acquired in real time by using the temperature sensor, and the output control unit of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode
  • the case of providing temperature information has been described.
  • the relationship between the elapsed time and the temperature of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode is the same. The result is. Therefore, if the temperature information indicating the relationship between the elapsed time and the temperature of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode is acquired in advance, the temperature information can be provided without using the temperature sensor. ..
  • the temperature information providing unit is a temperature information storage unit that stores temperature information indicating the relationship between the elapsed time of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode and the temperature of the first member 11 and the second member 12 or the electrode. It may be.
  • the output control unit can control the output of the power supply based on the temperature information stored in the temperature information storage unit.
  • the temperature information storage unit may be any as long as it can store the temperature information for determining the relationship between the elapsed time and the output of the power supply, and for example, a known memory or the like may be used.
  • the pressurizing portion is for applying pressure to the joint surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the structure of the pressurizing portion may be any as long as pressure can be applied to the joint surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12, but for example, the pressurizing member to which the electrodes are fixed and the pressurizing member are driven. It may be composed of a drive source for the purpose and a ball screw mechanism that transmits the driving force of the drive source and moves the pressurizing member up and down.
  • the pressurizing member may be formed according to the shapes of the first member 11 and the second member 12, or an intermediate member matching the shapes of the first member 11 and the second member 12 may be sandwiched between them.
  • the material of the pressure member may be any material as long as it has rigidity against pressure, and for example, a metal such as stainless steel, copper, molybdenum, or tungsten may be used.
  • the pressurizing member may have a cooling means for cooling the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the cooling means may be any one as long as the first member 11 and the second member 12 can be cooled, and for example, a cooling fluid such as tap water may be circulated in the flow path. ..
  • the flow path may be provided on the pressurizing member itself, or a cooling block on which the flow path is formed may be arranged in close contact with the pressurizing member.
  • a servomotor with a speed reducer can be used as the drive source.
  • An encoder is attached to the servomotor and is arranged on a gantry.
  • the ball screw mechanism consists of a screw shaft extending in the vertical direction and having a thread groove formed on the outer peripheral surface, a nut having a thread groove formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a plurality of balls accommodated between these thread grooves.
  • the nut is fixed to the upper part of the pressurizing member via an insulator made of bakelite or the like and a pressure sensor.
  • the screw shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the servomotor via a speed reducer.
  • the servomotor When the servomotor is rotationally driven, the screw shaft rotates, and the nut, and thus the pressurizing member, moves up and down relative to the screw shaft. Further, when the driving of the servomotor is stopped, the position of the pressurizing member is maintained. At this time, the pressurizing portion regulates the displacement of the first member 11 and the second member 12 to apply pressure to the joint surface.
  • the pressurizing unit may have a pressure sensor that detects the pressure on the joint surface.
  • the pressure sensor is, for example, a uniaxial load cell that measures the pressure in the vertical direction, but a multi-axis pressure sensor may be used.
  • the pressure sensor can indirectly detect the pressure applied to the joint surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the pressurizing portion may further include an elastic force urging means for urging the joint surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • an elastic force urging means is arranged between the base member on which the pressurizing member is arranged and the base of the current diffusion joining device.
  • the elastic force urging means is composed of, for example, a spring and a block body for restricting the spring to a preset length shorter than the free length between the spring and the base member.
  • the pressure acting on the first member 11 and the second member 12 from the base member pushed up by the elastic force urging means can be changed by exchanging the spring. With this configuration, even if thermal expansion or contraction occurs in the first member 11 and the second member 12, a sudden change in pressure acting on the joint surface can be alleviated.
  • the pressurizing portion may have any other configuration as long as it is for pressing the first member 11 and the second member 12 with each other at the joint surface.
  • the energization heating joining device may further have a pressure control unit for controlling the pressure applied to the joining surface.
  • the pressure control unit is composed of, for example, a CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O, etc., and the operation unit and the display unit are electrically connected to each other.
  • the operation unit is composed of various operation switches such as a start switch and a start switch, an input panel including a touch panel, and the like.
  • the information input from the operation unit is transmitted to the pressure control unit.
  • the display unit receives information from the pressure control unit based on the input to the pressure control unit or the calculation result in the pressure control unit, and displays the information.
  • the display unit is composed of a digital display panel, a lamp, and the like. It is also possible to use the same pressure control unit as the output control unit described above.
  • detection signals are input to the pressure control unit from the encoder, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor.
  • the pressure control unit is based on these detection signals, information input from the operation unit, and control information such as set pressure Ps, lower limit set pressure Ps1, set temperature Ts, and set holding time Hs stored in the storage unit. Outputs a control signal to the servo motor.
  • the bonding surface 11a of the first member 11 and the bonding surface 12a of the second member 12 are brought into contact with each other, and the first member 11 and the second member 12 are energized. Heat.
  • the diffusion layer 13 can be grown and joined to the joint surface between the first member 11 and the second member 12.
  • the energization time is preferably 90 seconds or less, and more preferably 30 seconds or less.
  • the thickness of the diffusion layer 13 of the first member 11 and the second member 12 can be reduced to 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • Engine valve 11 First member 11a: Joint surface 12: Second member 12a: Joint surface 13: Diffusion layer 14: Joint 15: Hollow part

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de la présente invention est de fournir une soupape de moteur et son procédé de fabrication, la soupape de moteur dans laquelle : l'ébavurage et similaire ne sont pas nécessaires ; la résistance d'une partie de jonction est élevée ; et la détérioration d'une structure métallique autre que la partie de jonction est faible. Selon l'invention, le procédé de fabrication d'une soupape de moteur formée d'un premier élément (11) et d'un second élément (12) reliés l'un à l'autre consiste à joindre une surface de jonction du premier élément (11) et une surface de jonction du second élément (12) par assemblage par diffusion électrique. Par conséquent, il est possible de produire une soupape de moteur dans laquelle le premier élément (11) et le second élément (12) sont joints l'un à l'autre avec 5 µm ou moins d'une couche de diffusion (13) entre eux.
PCT/JP2020/019982 2019-05-21 2020-05-20 Soupape de moteur et son procédé de fabrication WO2020235603A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202080037290.0A CN113891774A (zh) 2019-05-21 2020-05-20 发动机阀及其制造方法
JP2021520823A JPWO2020235603A1 (fr) 2019-05-21 2020-05-20

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019095574 2019-05-21
JP2019-095574 2019-05-21

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WO2020235603A1 true WO2020235603A1 (fr) 2020-11-26

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003334664A (ja) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-25 Masao Hondo パルス通電による部材の接合方法
JP2007032465A (ja) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Nippon Steel Corp 放熱性に優れた軽量エンジンバルブ
JP2008534288A (ja) * 2005-04-07 2008-08-28 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 摩擦溶接方法及びニッケル合金製の中間接合部分を用いた鋼及び金属アルミナイド製の構成要素
WO2015145554A1 (fr) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-01 本田技研工業株式会社 Produit métallique collé

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4540392B2 (ja) * 2003-06-02 2010-09-08 新日本製鐵株式会社 金属機械部品の液相拡散接合方法
JP4757651B2 (ja) * 2006-02-13 2011-08-24 オリジン電気株式会社 高導電性金属材料の抵抗溶接方法
JP4550086B2 (ja) * 2006-10-06 2010-09-22 オリジン電気株式会社 高導電性被溶接物のプロジェクション溶接方法
WO2013065175A1 (fr) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-10 Ｅｃｏ－Ａ株式会社 Appareil de liaison par diffusion de courant et procédé de liaison par diffusion de courant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003334664A (ja) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-25 Masao Hondo パルス通電による部材の接合方法
JP2008534288A (ja) * 2005-04-07 2008-08-28 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 摩擦溶接方法及びニッケル合金製の中間接合部分を用いた鋼及び金属アルミナイド製の構成要素
JP2007032465A (ja) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Nippon Steel Corp 放熱性に優れた軽量エンジンバルブ
WO2015145554A1 (fr) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-01 本田技研工業株式会社 Produit métallique collé

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JPWO2020235603A1 (fr) 2020-11-26

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