WO2020233418A1 - 弹片设计方法及弹片、sma组件、镜头模组和电子设备 - Google Patents

弹片设计方法及弹片、sma组件、镜头模组和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020233418A1
WO2020233418A1 PCT/CN2020/089295 CN2020089295W WO2020233418A1 WO 2020233418 A1 WO2020233418 A1 WO 2020233418A1 CN 2020089295 W CN2020089295 W CN 2020089295W WO 2020233418 A1 WO2020233418 A1 WO 2020233418A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shrapnel
cantilever
elastic piece
main body
sma
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PCT/CN2020/089295
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
段然
万海波
梅倩
吕大林
李邓峰
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202080005021.6A priority Critical patent/CN112703439B/zh
Priority to EP20810615.3A priority patent/EP3951465A4/en
Priority to US17/612,311 priority patent/US20220252896A1/en
Publication of WO2020233418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020233418A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B5/02—Lateral adjustment of lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
    • G02B27/646—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for small deviations, e.g. due to vibration or shake
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
    • G02B7/08—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0007—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur
    • G03B2205/0015—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur by displacing one or more optical elements normal to the optical axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0053—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element
    • G03B2205/0076—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element using shape memory alloys

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of lens driving devices, and more specifically, to a shrapnel design method and shrapnel, SMA components, lens modules, and electronic equipment.
  • Optical image stabilization is a method of using a gyroscope to detect jitter, and then using the OIS motor to translate or rotate the entire lens in the opposite direction to compensate for image blur caused by terminal device jitter during exposure.
  • OIS driving devices include voice coil motor (VCM) type, shape memory alloy (shape memory alloy, SMA) type, piezoelectric type, stepping motor type, etc.
  • VCM voice coil motor
  • SMA shape memory alloy
  • SMA piezoelectric type
  • stepping motor type etc.
  • the SMA type OIS device uses SMA technology to drive the lens to achieve optical anti-shake, and has many advantages such as small drive size, high efficiency, fast speed, low power consumption, and low sound.
  • the SMA type driving device generally drives the lens to move in two mutually perpendicular directions to track the jitter of the electronic device. But in practical applications, it is found that when only one direction of optical image stabilization is performed, the lens will shake in the other direction, resulting in a mechanical crosstalk effect.
  • the present application provides a shrapnel design method, shrapnel, SMA component, lens module and electronic equipment, which can reduce or eliminate the mechanical crosstalk of the shrapnel in the SMA component and improve the optical anti-shake performance.
  • a shape memory alloy SMA assembly comprising: a fixing member, an elastic piece, and a shape memory alloy SMA wire, one end of the SMA wire is connected to the fixing piece, and the other end is connected to the elastic piece;
  • the shrapnel includes a shrapnel main body and at least one shrapnel cantilever; wherein the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body and extends along the outer edge of the shrapnel main body; the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the fixed part at a predetermined position of the extension part.
  • the at least one elastic piece cantilever is axially symmetrical or 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • the cantilever of the elastic piece included in the elastic piece is axially symmetrical or 90° rotationally symmetric, so that the elastic piece has two mutually perpendicular directions, and the K value of the elastic piece in these two directions is approximately the same.
  • the direction of movement of the shrapnel is roughly the same as the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk when a force in any direction is applied to the shrapnel, which can improve the optics. Anti-shake performance.
  • the movement direction of the elastic sheet may be considered as the movement direction of the lens.
  • At least one elastic cantilever is axially symmetric, and it can be understood that any one of the at least one elastic cantilever can be folded along the axis of symmetry to coincide with the other elastic cantilever. Or, if the at least one shrapnel cantilever is regarded as a whole, the at least one shrapnel cantilever is an axially symmetrical figure, that is, the at least one shrapnel cantilever can be overlapped with itself after being turned 180° as a whole. In the embodiment of the present application, when the elastic sheet is applied to the SMA component, the symmetry axis of at least one elastic sheet cantilever is perpendicular to and intersects the optical axis.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical, which can be understood as any shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever after being rotated 90° to coincide with another shrapnel cantilever. Or, if the at least one shrapnel cantilever is regarded as a whole, the at least one shrapnel cantilever is a 90° rotationally symmetrical figure, that is, the at least one shrapnel cantilever can overlap itself after being rotated 90° as a whole.
  • the rotation axis of at least one shrapnel cantilever is the optical axis.
  • the difference between the K value of the elastic sheet in the first direction and the K value in the second direction is less than a preset threshold, and The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, wherein the K value is the ratio of the magnitude of the force received by the elastic piece to the magnitude of the displacement of the elastic piece in the direction of the force.
  • the first direction and the second direction on the elastic piece are perpendicular to each other and the K value is very small.
  • the movement direction of the elastic piece is approximately the same as the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk when a force in any direction is applied to the shrapnel. It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, when the mechanical crosstalk of the shrapnel is small, the embodiment of the present application considers that the mechanical crosstalk is very weak, and it can be considered that there is no mechanical crosstalk.
  • the difference between the K value of the elastic piece in the first direction and the K value in the second direction is less than a preset threshold, correspondingly, a force is applied to the elastic piece, and the movement direction of the elastic piece
  • the value of the included angle with the direction of the force is smaller than the preset angle. It should be understood that the vector direction is not considered here.
  • the preset angle is 5°.
  • the K value of the elastic sheet in the first direction is equal to the K value in the second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction on the elastic piece are perpendicular to each other and the K value is equal.
  • the movement direction of the elastic piece is consistent with the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk when force is applied to the shrapnel in any direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the at least one shrapnel cantilever.
  • the elastic sheet further includes a movable clamping jaw connected to the main body of the elastic sheet, the movable clamping jaw is centrally symmetrical; the fixing member includes a centrally symmetrical
  • the fixed clamping jaws are staggered with the movable clamping jaws; one end of the SMA wire is connected with the movable clamping jaw, and the other end is connected with the fixed clamping jaw.
  • One end of the SMA wire is connected to the movable jaw, and one end is connected to the fixed jaw.
  • the SMA wire is supplied with current, the length of the SMA wire changes, thereby driving one end of the movable jaw to move.
  • the movable jaws and the fixed jaws in the embodiments of the present application are described relative to each other, that is, the jaws provided on the fixed part are relatively fixed, so they are called fixed jaws.
  • the jaws provided on the elastic sheet can be relative to the fixed part. Movement, so it is called a movable jaw.
  • the movable jaw and the fixed jaw can also be replaced with other forms of description, for example, the "movable jaw” is replaced by the "first jaw”, the first jaw can move relative to the fixed part, specifically the first jaw
  • the claw can move under the pulling force of the SMA wire; for example, the "fixed clamping claw” is replaced by the "second clamping claw", and the second clamping claw is fixed relative to the fixing member.
  • the number of movable jaws can be multiple, and the multiple jaws are symmetrical. It can be understood that any one of the multiple jaws rotates 180°. Can coincide with another gripper. Or, if the plurality of clamping jaws are regarded as a whole, the plurality of clamping jaws are a centrally symmetrical figure, that is, the plurality of clamping jaws can be overlapped with itself after being rotated 180° as a whole.
  • a through hole is provided in the center of the elastic sheet body.
  • the through hole provided in the center of the main body of the shrapnel is used for connecting with the lens assembly for driving the movement of the lens.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever when the at least one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetric, the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes one shrapnel cantilever, and the one shrapnel cantilever is in a closed ring shape, wherein the one The line connecting the position where the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body is the symmetry axis of the one shrapnel cantilever, and/or the connection position of the shrapnel cantilever and the shrapnel main body is symmetrical with respect to the one shrapnel cantilever Axisymmetric.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever when the at least one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetric, the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes one shrapnel cantilever, and the one shrapnel cantilever is in a closed ring shape, wherein the one The line connecting the position where the cantilever of the shrapnel is connected with the fixed part is the symmetry axis of the cantilever of the one shrapnel, and/or the position where the cantilever of the shrapnel is connected to the fixed part is symmetrical with respect to the one of the cantilever of the shrapnel Axisymmetric.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes two shrapnel cantilevers, and both ends of each shrapnel cantilever of the two shrapnel cantilevers are connected to the shrapnel main body, so The middle position of each of the two elastic piece cantilevers is connected with the fixing member.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes two shrapnel cantilevers, and the middle position of each shrapnel cantilever of the two shrapnel cantilevers is connected with the shrapnel main body, so The two ends of each of the two elastic piece cantilevers are connected with the fixing member.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes four shrapnel cantilevers, and one end of each shrapnel cantilever of the four shrapnel cantilevers is connected to the shrapnel body, and the other end Connected with the fixing member.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever when the at least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical, the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes four shrapnel cantilevers, and each of the four shrapnel cantilevers is One end of the cantilever is connected with the elastic sheet main body, and the other end is connected with the fixing member.
  • the number of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is M, and M is 1, or M is an integer multiple of 2.
  • the number of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is M, and M is an integer multiple of 4.
  • the outer edge of the main body of the elastic sheet is square or round.
  • the at least one elastic piece cantilever surrounds the outer edge of the elastic piece body to form a square or a circle.
  • the dome cantilever and the dome body are integrated, or the dome cantilever and the dome body are fixedly connected.
  • the fixing member is a metal plate and/or a printed circuit board.
  • an SMA assembly comprising: a fixing member, an elastic sheet assembly and an SMA wire, one end of the SMA wire is connected to the fixing member, and the other end is connected to the elastic sheet assembly;
  • the elastic sheet assembly includes The upper elastic piece and the lower elastic piece, the lower elastic piece is obtained by turning or rotating the upper elastic piece by 90°; wherein the upper elastic piece includes an elastic piece body and an elastic piece cantilever, one end of the elastic piece cantilever is connected with the elastic piece body, and the other end Connected with the fixing member.
  • the SMA assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an elastic sheet assembly, which includes an upper elastic sheet and a lower elastic sheet, and the lower elastic sheet is obtained by turning or rotating the upper elastic sheet by 90°.
  • an elastic sheet assembly which includes an upper elastic sheet and a lower elastic sheet
  • the lower elastic sheet is obtained by turning or rotating the upper elastic sheet by 90°.
  • the K value of the shrapnel assembly in these two directions is approximately the same.
  • the direction of movement of the shrapnel assembly is roughly the same as the direction of the force.
  • there is no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk when a force is applied to the shrapnel assembly in any direction.
  • the weak mechanical crosstalk caused by the angle between the force and the moving direction of the shrapnel within 5° is considered to be the absence of mechanical crosstalk.
  • the movement direction of the elastic sheet assembly may be considered as the movement direction of the lens.
  • the upper elastic sheet and the lower elastic sheet in the embodiments of the present application are described relative to each other, that is, the elastic sheet near the object side is called the upper elastic sheet, and the elastic sheet near the image side is called the lower elastic sheet.
  • the upper shrapnel and the lower shrapnel can also be replaced with other forms of description, for example, the "upper shrapnel” is replaced with the “first shrapnel”, which is located on the side of the shrapnel component near the object; the "lower shrapnel” is replaced with "the second Shrapnel", the second shrapnel is located on the shrapnel assembly near the image side.
  • the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are overlapped.
  • the K value of the elastic sheet component in the first direction and the K value in the second direction are equal, and equal to the upper elastic sheet in the first direction
  • the sum of the K value of and the K value of the upper elastic piece in the second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, wherein the K value is the magnitude of the force received by the elastic piece
  • the upper elastic piece further includes a movable clamping jaw connected with the elastic piece main body, the movable clamping jaw is centrally symmetrical; and the fixing member includes a central Symmetrical fixed jaws, the fixed jaws and the movable jaws are staggeredly distributed; one end of the SMA wire is connected with the movable jaws, and the other end is connected with the fixed jaws.
  • a through hole is provided in the center of the elastic sheet body.
  • a shrapnel comprising: a shrapnel main body and at least one shrapnel cantilever, the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body and extends along the outer edge of the shrapnel main body; the at least one shrapnel cantilever is Axisymmetric or 90° rotational symmetry.
  • the elastic sheet is used in an optical anti-shake motor.
  • the shrapnel is applied to a shape memory alloy SMA motor.
  • the cantilever of the shrapnel is axially symmetrical or 90° rotationally symmetric, so that the shrapnel has two mutually perpendicular directions, and the K values of the shrapnel in these two directions are approximately the same.
  • the movement direction of the shrapnel is approximately the same as the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk when a force in any direction is applied to the shrapnel.
  • the shrapnel is applied to optical anti-shake, it can reduce or eliminate mechanical crosstalk and improve the performance of optical anti-shake.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever described in the embodiment of the present application is 90° rotationally symmetric, which can be understood as any shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever after being rotated 90° to coincide with another shrapnel cantilever. Or, if the at least one shrapnel cantilever is regarded as a whole, the at least one shrapnel cantilever is a 90° rotationally symmetrical figure, that is, the at least one shrapnel cantilever can overlap itself after being rotated 90° as a whole.
  • the difference between the K value of the elastic piece in the first direction and the K value in the second direction is less than a preset threshold, and the first The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, wherein the K value is the ratio of the magnitude of the force received by the elastic piece to the magnitude of the displacement of the elastic piece in the direction of the force.
  • the first direction and the second direction on the elastic piece are perpendicular to each other and the K value is very small.
  • the movement direction of the elastic piece is approximately the same as the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk when a force in any direction is applied to the shrapnel. It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, when the mechanical crosstalk of the shrapnel is small, the embodiment of the present application considers that the mechanical crosstalk is very weak, and it can be considered that there is no mechanical crosstalk.
  • the difference between the K value of the elastic piece in the first direction and the K value in the second direction is less than a preset threshold, correspondingly, a force is applied to the elastic piece, and the movement direction of the elastic piece
  • the value of the included angle with the direction of the force is smaller than the preset angle. It should be understood that the vector direction is not considered here.
  • the preset angle is 5°.
  • the K value of the elastic sheet in the first direction is equal to the K value in the second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction on the elastic piece are perpendicular to each other and the K value is equal.
  • the movement direction of the elastic piece is consistent with the direction of the force. In this way, there is no mechanical crosstalk when force is applied to the shrapnel in any direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the at least one shrapnel cantilever.
  • the axis of symmetry in the first direction and the second direction is the axis of symmetry of at least one cantilever of the elastic piece.
  • the elastic piece further includes a clamping jaw connected to the main body of the elastic piece, and the clamping jaws are centered symmetrical.
  • the clamping jaws may have a folded sheet structure or an interference hole structure.
  • a through hole is provided in the center of the elastic sheet body.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever when the at least one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetrical, the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes a shrapnel cantilever, the one shrapnel cantilever is in a closed ring shape, and the one shrapnel cantilever
  • the line connecting the position where the cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body is the symmetry axis of the one shrapnel cantilever, and/or the connection position of the shrapnel cantilever and the shrapnel main body is about the symmetry axis of the one shrapnel cantilever symmetry.
  • the shrapnel when the shrapnel includes one shrapnel cantilever, the one shrapnel cantilever surrounds the shrapnel main body in a closed ring shape. Since the one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetric, the position where the one shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever, or is located on the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes two shrapnel cantilevers, and both ends of each shrapnel cantilever of the two shrapnel cantilevers are connected with the shrapnel main body.
  • the shrapnel when the shrapnel includes two shrapnel cantilevers, the two shrapnel cantilevers are axially symmetrical, and the two ends of the shrapnel cantilever can be connected with the shrapnel main body, and the cantilever between the two ends of the shrapnel cantilever extends around the shrapnel main body.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes two shrapnel cantilevers, and the middle position of each shrapnel cantilever of the two shrapnel cantilevers is connected with the shrapnel main body, so Both ends of each of the at least two shrapnel cantilevers are free ends.
  • the shrapnel when the shrapnel includes two shrapnel cantilevers, the two shrapnel cantilevers are axially symmetrical, the two ends of the shrapnel cantilever can be free ends, and the cantilever part between the two ends of the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes four shrapnel cantilevers, one end of each shrapnel cantilever of the four shrapnel cantilevers is connected to the shrapnel body, and the other end For the free end.
  • the shrapnel when the shrapnel includes four shrapnel cantilevers, the four shrapnel cantilevers are axisymmetrical, and one end of each shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body, and the other end is a free end.
  • the free end of the cantilever of the shrapnel is used to connect with the fixing member in the first aspect.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever when the at least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical, the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes four shrapnel cantilevers, and each of the four shrapnel cantilevers has a shrapnel One end of the cantilever is connected with the elastic sheet main body, and the other end is a free end.
  • the shrapnel includes four shrapnel cantilevers
  • the four shrapnel cantilever arms are 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • the number of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is M, and M is 1, or M is an integer multiple of 2.
  • the number of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is M, and M is an integer multiple of 4.
  • the outer edge of the elastic sheet body is square or round.
  • the outer edge of the main body of the shrapnel can be designed with a suitable shape according to actual needs.
  • the at least one elastic piece cantilever surrounds the outer edge of the elastic piece body to form a square or a circle.
  • the dome cantilever and the dome body are integrated, or the dome cantilever and the dome body are fixedly connected.
  • a lens module including a lens assembly and the SMA assembly as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, the lens assembly is connected to the SMA assembly .
  • a through hole is provided in the center of the elastic sheet main body included in the SMA assembly, and the lens assembly is arranged in the through hole.
  • a lens module including a lens assembly and the SMA assembly as described in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect, the lens assembly is connected to the SMA assembly .
  • a through hole is provided in the center of the elastic sheet main body included in the SMA assembly, and the lens assembly is arranged in the through hole.
  • an electronic device which includes the SMA component as described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect; or, includes any one of the foregoing second aspect or the second aspect
  • One possible implementation is the SMA component described in.
  • an electronic device including the lens module as described in the fourth or fifth aspect.
  • a method for designing a shrapnel including: determining a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other on the first shrapnel, wherein the first direction and the second direction are directions where there is no mechanical crosstalk; The axis of symmetry in the first direction and the second direction turns the first elastic piece to obtain a second elastic piece; a third elastic piece is designed according to the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece, wherein the third elastic piece The K value in the first direction and the K value in the second direction are equal, and equal to the K value of the first elastic piece in the first direction and the first elastic piece in the first direction. The sum of the K values in the two directions, the K value is the ratio of the magnitude of the force received by the elastic piece to the magnitude of the displacement of the elastic piece in the direction of the force.
  • the shrapnel structure without mechanical crosstalk can be designed based on the basic shrapnel or the existing shrapnel, which can greatly improve the optical anti-shake performance.
  • the direction where there is no mechanical crosstalk also includes the situation where the mechanical crosstalk is small (for example, the mechanical crosstalk caused by the angle between the force and the direction of movement of the elastic piece within 5°). Because mechanical crosstalk is very weak, it can be ignored.
  • the first elastic sheet includes a first elastic sheet main body and at least one first elastic sheet cantilever, and each first elastic sheet cantilever of the at least one first elastic sheet cantilever extends along the The outer edge of the first elastic piece body extends, one end of each first elastic piece cantilever is connected to the first elastic piece body, and the other end is a free end;
  • the third elastic piece includes a second elastic piece body and at least one first elastic piece body. Two elastic piece cantilevers, each of the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is connected to the second elastic piece body and extends along the outer edge of the second elastic piece body, the at least one second elastic piece The cantilever is axisymmetric.
  • the determining the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to each other on the first elastic piece includes: fixing the free end of the cantilever of the first elastic piece, and The elastic sheet exerts forces in different directions; determines the displacement direction of the first elastic sheet body under the force in the different directions; when the displacement direction of the first elastic sheet body is the same as the force exerted on the first elastic sheet When the directions are the same, the force direction is determined to be the first direction and the second direction.
  • first direction and the second direction perpendicular to each other on the first shrapnel can be based on model simulation or experimental methods.
  • a method for designing a shrapnel including: rotating a first shrapnel by 90° to obtain a second shrapnel; designing a third shrapnel according to the first shrapnel and the second shrapnel, wherein the third shrapnel is in the first
  • the K value in one direction is equal to the K value in the second direction, and is equal to the K value of the first elastic piece in the first direction and the K value of the first elastic piece in the second direction
  • the sum, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the K value is the ratio of the magnitude of the force received by the elastic piece to the magnitude of the displacement of the elastic piece in the direction of the force.
  • the shrapnel structure without mechanical crosstalk can be designed based on the basic shrapnel or the existing shrapnel, which can greatly improve the optical anti-shake performance.
  • the first elastic piece includes a first elastic piece main body and at least one first elastic piece cantilever, and each of the at least one first elastic piece cantilever is along the The outer edge of the first elastic piece body extends, one end of each first elastic piece cantilever is connected to the first elastic piece body, and the other end is a free end;
  • the third elastic piece includes a second elastic piece body and at least one first elastic piece body. Two elastic piece cantilevers, each of the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is connected to the second elastic piece body and extends along the outer edge of the second elastic piece body, the at least one second elastic piece The cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a lens module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lens module in FIG. 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic exploded view of an SMA assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic diagram of the SMA assembly in Figure 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the simulation result of the SMA component in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simulation model of shrapnel provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the shrapnel simulation model in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the shrapnel simulation model in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a shrapnel design method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a method for designing shrapnel provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of a shrapnel structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may include handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. It can also include cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA) computers, tablet computers, laptop computers, laptop computers, and machine-type communication (machine-type communications). type communication (MTC) terminal, point of sales (POS), video camera, video recorder, camera, smart watch, smart wristband, car computer, and other electronic equipment with imaging functions.
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • POS point of sales
  • video camera video recorder
  • camera smart watch
  • smart wristband smart wristband
  • car computer and other electronic equipment with imaging functions.
  • first”, “second”, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first”, “second”, etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • orientation terms such as “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, and “outer” are defined relative to the directions or positions of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these Directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, instead of indicating or implying the specific orientation that the device or component refers to, or the construction and operation in a specific orientation. The position of the components in the figure changes correspondingly, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.
  • the optical axis is the direction in which the optical system transmits light, referring to the chief ray of the central field of view. For a symmetric transmission system, it generally coincides with the rotation center line of the optical system.
  • Focal point the convergence point of light rays parallel to the optical axis after being refracted by the lens.
  • Auto focus uses the principle of light reflection of the subject to image and receive the light reflected by the subject through the lens on the image sensor. After processing by the computer, it drives the electric focusing device to focus.
  • Optical image stabilization refers to the setting of optical components in imaging instruments such as mobile phones or cameras to avoid or reduce instrument jitter in the process of capturing optical signals to improve imaging quality.
  • a common method is to use a gyroscope to detect jitter, and then use the OIS motor to translate or rotate the entire lens in the opposite direction to compensate for the image blur caused by the jitter of the imaging instrument during the exposure.
  • the shape memory effect refers to a certain alloy that is processed into a certain shape at a high temperature, and then cooled to a low-temperature martensitic transformation state, it will undergo a certain limit of plastic deformation, and then heated to a high-temperature matrix In the state, it returns to the effect of the shape before the low temperature deformation.
  • Shape memory alloys are alloys with a shape memory effect. There are two phases in shape memory alloys: high-temperature austenite phase and low-temperature martensite phase. The reason why shape memory alloys have the ability to recover from deformation is due to the thermoelastic martensite transformation inside the material during the deformation process. According to different thermodynamic loading conditions, shape memory alloys exhibit two properties: shape memory effect and pseudo-elasticity. Shape memory alloy materials include nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloys, copper-based shape memory alloys, and iron-based shape memory alloys.
  • Pseudoelasticity also known as superelasticity, shows that under the action of external force, the shape memory alloy has a much larger deformation recovery ability than ordinary metals, that is, the large strain generated during the loading process will recover with unloading .
  • Center symmetry If a figure is rotated 180° around a certain point and can overlap with another figure, then the two figures are said to be centrally symmetrical about this point. This point is called the center of symmetry.
  • the line of symmetry points passes through the center of symmetry and is divided equally by the center of symmetry.
  • Centrally symmetrical graphics Rotate a graphic 180° around a certain point. If the rotated graphic can overlap with the original graphic, then the graphic is called a centrally symmetrical graphic, and this point is its center of symmetry.
  • Axial symmetry If a figure is folded along a certain line and can overlap with another figure, then the two figures are axisymmetric about this line, and this line is called the axis of symmetry.
  • the line of symmetry points is bisected vertically by the axis of symmetry.
  • Axisymmetric graph If a graph is folded in half (folded) along a certain line, the parts on both sides of the line can overlap each other. This graph is called an axisymmetric graph, and the straight line is called its symmetry axis.
  • Rotational symmetry In a plane, a figure can be overlapped with another figure after rotating a certain angle (less than the circumferential angle) around a fixed point, then the two figures form rotational symmetry.
  • Rotationally symmetrical figure In the plane, a figure can be overlapped with itself after rotating a certain angle around a certain point (less than the circumferential angle). This kind of figure is called rotationally symmetrical figure.
  • the center of rotation is in the exact center of the graph.
  • the minimum value of the rotation angle is 360° divided by the number of basic patterns.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may be a device with a camera or photographing function, and the specific form of the electronic device 100 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the following description takes the electronic device 100 as a mobile phone as an example.
  • (a) and (b) in FIG. 1 schematically show the front and back of the electronic device 100 respectively.
  • the electronic device 100 may include a housing 101, a display panel (DP) 102, and a camera compact module (CCM) 103.
  • DP display panel
  • CCM camera compact module
  • the housing 101 is formed with a receiving space for arranging various components of the electronic device 100, and the housing 101 can also play a role in protecting the electronic device 100 and supporting the whole machine.
  • the display screen 102 and the lens module 103 are arranged in the accommodating space of the housing 101 and connected to the housing 101.
  • the housing 101 includes a back cover and a middle frame, and the display screen 102 and the lens module 103 can be fixed on the middle frame.
  • the material of the housing 101 may be metal, plastic, ceramic or glass.
  • the display screen 102 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display screen, etc., where the OLED display screen may be a flexible display screen or a hard display screen.
  • the display screen 102 may be an ordinary regular screen, or a special-shaped screen, a folding screen, etc., for example, the display screen 102 can be relatively freely rotated or folded to form an arc, a sphere, a cylinder, and the like.
  • the display screen 102 may be provided on the front and/or back of the electronic device 100.
  • the front of the electronic device 100 can be understood as the side facing the user when the user uses the electronic device 100
  • the back of the electronic device 100 can be understood as the side facing the user when the user uses the electronic device 100.
  • the lens module 103 is used to capture still images or videos.
  • the lens module 103 can be used to photograph a scene on the front side of the electronic device 100, and in some embodiments may be called a front camera.
  • the lens module 103 is disposed on the back of the electronic device 100, it can be used to photograph a scene on the back side of the electronic device 100, and in some embodiments may be called a rear camera.
  • the user can select the corresponding lens module according to the shooting needs.
  • the lens module 103 can be used to shoot scenes at different distances, such as far, near, or macro, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the installation position of the lens module 103 in FIG. 1 is only schematic.
  • the lens module 103 can be installed at any position on the front of the electronic device 100 except the display screen 102, such as the left side of the earpiece, the middle of the upper part of the electronic device 100, the lower part of the electronic device 100 (or called Chin) or the four corners of the electronic device 100.
  • the lens module 103 is used as a rear camera, it can be installed at any position on the back of the electronic device 100, such as the upper left corner or the upper right corner.
  • the lens module 103 may not be arranged on the main body of the electronic device 100, but on an edge protruding from the main body of the electronic device 100, or arranged on a part that is movable or rotatable relative to the electronic device 100. Above, the part can be extended or rotated from the main body of the electronic device 100.
  • the lens module 103 is rotatable relative to the electronic device 100, the lens module 103 is equivalent to a front camera and a rear camera. That is, by rotating the same lens module 103, the scene on the front side of the electronic device 100 can be taken, or The scene on the back side of the electronic device 100 can be photographed.
  • the lens module 103 when the display screen 101 can be folded, the lens module 103 can be used as a front camera or a rear camera along with the folding of the display screen 102.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of lens modules 103, and it can be one, two, four or even more.
  • one or more lens modules 103 can be provided on the front of the electronic device 100, and/or One or more lens modules 103 are provided on the back of the electronic device 100.
  • the multiple lens modules 103 may be completely the same or different.
  • the lens optical parameters of the multiple lens modules 103 are different, and the lens setting positions are different.
  • the shape is different.
  • the embodiments of the present application also do not limit the relative positions of multiple lens modules when they are installed.
  • the electronic device 100 may further include a protective lens 104 for protecting the lens module 103.
  • the protective lens 104 is disposed on the housing 101 and covers the lens module 103.
  • the protective lens 104 may only cover the front lens module or cover the entire front of the electronic device 100.
  • the protective lens 104 covers the entire front surface of the electronic device 100, it can be used to protect the front lens module and the display screen 102 at the same time, and the protective lens 104 is cover glass (CG).
  • the protective lens 104 is used to protect the rear camera, the protective lens 104 may cover the entire back of the electronic device 100, or may only be arranged at a position corresponding to the rear lens module.
  • the material of the protective lens 104 may be glass, sapphire, ceramics, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the protective lens 104 is transparent, and light outside the electronic device 100 can enter the lens module 103 through the protective lens 104.
  • the electronic device 100 may include more or less components than shown.
  • the electronic device 100 may also include a battery, a flashlight, and a fingerprint recognition module.
  • One or more of components such as groups, earpieces, buttons, sensors, etc., the electronic device 100 may also be provided with a different arrangement of components from those shown in the figure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic exploded view of a lens module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the lens module in FIG. 2.
  • the lens module 200 may be an exemplary structure of the lens module 103 in FIG. 1.
  • the structure of the lens module 200 will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • the optical axis direction of the lens module 200 is defined as the Z direction below, the object direction side in the optical axis direction is the front side, and the direction side opposite to the object is the back side.
  • the first direction perpendicular to the optical axis is the X direction
  • the second direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the first direction is the Y direction.
  • the direction close to the optical axis is the inner side
  • the direction opposite to the optical axis is the outer side.
  • the definitions of the X, Y, and Z directions and the front, back, inner, and outer sides are also applicable to the drawings to be described later.
  • the lens module 200 may include a housing 210, a lens assembly 220, an auto focus (AF) assembly 230, an optical image stabilization (OIS) assembly 240, and an image sensor assembly 250.
  • AF auto focus
  • OIS optical image stabilization
  • the lens assembly 220 mainly includes an optical lens 211 and a lens barrel 212, and the lens assembly 220 is used to image a scene on the object side on an imaging surface on the image side.
  • the optical lens 211 may include at least one lens, and the at least one lens may be different or the same.
  • the at least one lens may include a solid lens and/or a liquid lens.
  • the solid lens may be an optical element made of a transparent material such as plastic or glass, the surface of which is a part of a spherical surface, and it has fixed lens parameters.
  • a liquid lens is an optical element made of one or more liquids without mechanical connection. Its lens parameters can be dynamically adjusted through external control.
  • the number of lenses included in the optical lens 211 is not specifically limited. Those skilled in the art can set the number of lenses accordingly according to actual needs, such as 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 or more. Many, a combination of solid lens and/or liquid lens can also be set according to actual needs, and no further description will be given here.
  • the focal length of the optical lens 211 can be fixed, and the lens assembly 220 is a fixed-focus lens; the focal length of the optical lens 211 can also be adjusted, and the lens assembly 220 is a zoom lens.
  • the focal length of the optical lens 211 can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position between the lenses of the optical lens 211, adjusting the refractive index of the liquid lens, and changing the surface shape (curvature) of the liquid lens.
  • the lens barrel 212 is formed with an accommodation space, and is mainly used to accommodate the optical lens 211.
  • the lens barrel 212 may be a whole, and the optical lens 211 is housed in the integral lens barrel 212, but the relative position between the lenses of the optical lens 211 may be adjusted by other structures.
  • the lens barrel 212 may also include a plurality of lens barrel parts, the lenses of the optical lens 211 are arranged in the plurality of lens barrel parts, and the relative positions between the plurality of lens barrel parts can be adjusted, so as to realize the relative relationship between the lenses. Position adjustment. Therefore, it should be understood that the structure of the lens barrel 212 and the connection manner of the optical lens 211 and the lens barrel 212 in FIGS. 2 and 3 are merely exemplary, and do not impose any limitation on the embodiment of the present application.
  • the AF component 230 is used to realize automatic focusing. As shown in FIG. 3, the AF assembly 230 is connected to the lens barrel 212 in the lens assembly 220. During the auto-focusing process, the AF assembly 230 can push the lens barrel 212 to move up and down along the optical axis, thereby changing the optical center of the optical lens 211 to The distance of the imaging surface (that is, change the image distance) to obtain a clear image. It should be understood that the figure only schematically shows the location of the AF assembly 230, and does not impose any limitation on the specific structure of the AF assembly 230.
  • the OIS component 240 is used to implement optical image stabilization. As shown in FIG. 3, the OIS assembly 240 is connected to the lens barrel 212 in the lens assembly 220. During the optical image stabilization process, the OIS assembly 240 can drive the lens barrel 212 to move along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby making the focus of the optical lens 211 Deviate from the optical axis to obtain a clear image. It should be understood that the figure only schematically shows the location of the SMA assembly 240, and does not impose any limitation on the specific structure of the SMA assembly 240.
  • the AF assembly 230 may be referred to as an AF motor, and the OIS assembly may be referred to as an OIS motor.
  • the lens module 200 may include an AF motor and/or an OIS motor, that is, the lens module 200 may implement auto focus and/or optical image stabilization.
  • the AF motor and the SMA motor may also be integrated in the lens module 200, and one motor can simultaneously realize autofocus and optical image stabilization.
  • the embodiment of the present application only takes the lens module 200 including two components of an AF motor and an OIS motor as an example for description, but it should be understood that the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the sensor assembly 250 is arranged on the rear side of the lens assembly 210 and is mainly used for imaging.
  • the sensor component 250 may include a filter (for example, an infrared cut filter or a filter that filters out other light bands), a sensor, a circuit board, and the like.
  • the infrared cut filter can eliminate unnecessary light projected on the sensor, and prevent the sensor from ghosting, stray light and color cast during imaging.
  • the sensor is a semiconductor chip with hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When exposed to light, it generates electric charges, which are converted into digital signals by the analog-to-digital converter chip.
  • the sensor can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide conductor device (CMOS).
  • CCD charge coupled device
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide conductor device
  • the circuit board may be a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or a printed circuit board (PCB), which is used to transmit electrical signals.
  • FPC flexible printed circuit
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the FPC can be a single-sided flexible board, a double-sided flexible board, a multilayer flexible board, a rigid-flex board, or a flexible circuit board with a mixed structure.
  • the housing 210 is formed with an inner cavity for accommodating the lens assembly 220, the AF assembly 230, the OIS assembly 240 and the like. In addition, the housing 210 can also play a role of protection and support.
  • the structure of the housing 210 in the figure is only exemplary, and does not impose any limitation on the embodiment of the present application. Those skilled in the art can design the shape of the housing 210 accordingly according to actual needs.
  • the lens module 200 may also include connectors, peripheral electronic components and other components (not shown in the figure), which will not be described in detail here.
  • OIS driving devices include voice coil motor (VCM) type, shape memory alloy (shape memory alloy, SMA) type, VCM-SMA type, piezoelectric type, stepping motor type, etc.
  • VCM voice coil motor
  • SMA shape memory alloy
  • VCM-SMA piezoelectric type
  • stepping motor type etc.
  • the SMA type OIS device and the VCM-SMA type OIS device use SMA technology to drive the lens to achieve optical anti-shake.
  • the VCM type OIS device it has a small drive volume, high efficiency, fast speed, low power consumption and low sound And many other advantages.
  • the OIS device using SMA technology has the advantages of greater bearing capacity than VCM-type OIS devices and no magnetic field interference.
  • the working principle of the OIS device using SMA technology is mainly to use nickel-titanium alloy to make a very thin metal wire (for example, 25 microns in diameter), and then pass an electric current into the metal wire, so that the metal wire will be heated quickly by the micro current Deformation, the driving force generated can drive the lens to rotate or translate to achieve optical image stabilization.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic exploded view of an SMA assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the SMA assembly in FIG. 4 on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction.
  • the SMA component 300 may be an example of the OIS component 240 in FIG. 2, that is, the SMA component 300 is used to implement optical anti-shake. 4 and 5, the SMA assembly 300 includes an elastic piece 31, an SMA wire 32, a fixing member 33, and the like.
  • the elastic piece 31 includes an elastic piece main body 311 and at least one elastic piece cantilever 312.
  • Each of the at least one shrapnel cantilever arm 312 protrudes from the shrapnel main body 311 and extends along the edge of the shrapnel main body 311.
  • One end of the elastic piece cantilever 312 is connected to the elastic piece main body 311, and the other end is connected to the fixing member 33.
  • the end of the spring cantilever 312 is provided with a contact portion 312 a, and the contact portion 312 a is used to connect with the fixing member 33.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever is a centrally symmetrical figure, and the at least one shrapnel cantilever is still overlapped with itself after being rotated by 180°.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever includes two shrapnel cantilevers, and the two shrapnel cantilevers are centered symmetrically.
  • the elastic piece 31 also includes two movable jaws 313 connected to the elastic piece main body 311, and the two movable jaws 313 are center-symmetrical.
  • the movable jaw 313 is used to fix one end of the SMA wire 32.
  • the elastic sheet main body 31 is substantially square, and the movable clamping jaw 313 may be located on a diagonal line of the elastic sheet main body 311.
  • the movable clamping jaw 313 may be a folded sheet structure or an interference hole structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as one end of the SMA wire can be fixed.
  • a through hole 314 is also provided on the shrapnel body 311 for light to pass through to reach the sensor group.
  • the through hole 314 is also used to connect with the lens assembly shown in FIG. 2, so that when the shrapnel body 314 moves, the lens assembly can be driven together. Moving parts.
  • the through hole 314 is provided at the center of the elastic sheet body 311. It should be understood that the center position of the elastic sheet body 311 and the center of the through hole 314 are both located on the optical axis of the lens.
  • the elastic sheet 31 in the embodiment of the present application may be a leaf spring, which may be made of materials such as copper alloy, tin bronze, zinc cupronickel, beryllium bronze, silico-manganese steel, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the movable jaw 313 provided on the elastic sheet 31 is made of conductive material.
  • the fixing member 33 is provided with two fixing jaws 331 symmetrically centered, and the fixing jaws 331 are used to fix the other end of the SMA wire.
  • the fixing jaw 331 may be a folded sheet structure or an interference hole structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as the other end of the SMA wire can be fixed.
  • the two fixed clamping jaws 331 on the fixing member 33 and the two movable clamping jaws 313 provided on the elastic sheet main body 311 are in a cross shape on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction.
  • the two fixed clamping jaws 331 and the two movable clamping jaws 313 can be approximately regarded as four corners of a quadrilateral, and the fixed clamping jaws 331 and the movable clamping jaws 313 are staggered around the elastic sheet body 311.
  • the fixing member 33 is also provided with a through hole 332 for light to pass through to reach the sensor assembly.
  • the through hole 314 is provided at the center of the fixing member 33.
  • the fixing member 33 may be a metal plate, an insulating board or a printed circuit board, etc., wherein the fixing jaw 331 is made of a conductive material.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the shape of the fixing member 33, and those skilled in the art can design it according to actual needs.
  • the SMA assembly 300 includes four SMA wires 32. Take one of the SMA wires as an example. One end of the SMA wire 32 is fixed on the movable jaw 313 provided on the elastic sheet body 311, and the other end is fixed on the fixed jaw 331 provided on the fixing member 33. The SMA wire is suspended and connected with other Keep parts at a certain distance. Referring to the SMA wires 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d in FIG. 5, the four SMA wires can be located on the same plane and surround the elastic piece 31 to form a quadrilateral. The SMA wires can be approximately regarded as four sides of the quadrilateral.
  • the SMA wire 32 has the dual functions of sensing and driving, and can generate a large reversible shape response to stress and strain.
  • the position of the fixing member 33 is relatively fixed, and in the following description, it is regarded as a stationary member.
  • One end of the elastic piece cantilever 312 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 33.
  • it is regarded as the fixed end of the elastic piece 31.
  • the shrapnel main body 311 and the movable jaw 313 are movable relative to the fixed end of the shrapnel cantilever 312.
  • it is regarded as the moving end of the shrapnel 31.
  • one end of the SMA wire 32 is connected to the fixed jaw 331 on the fixing member 33, and the other end is connected to the movable jaw 313 on the elastic piece 31.
  • the end of the SMA wire 32 connected to the fixed jaw 331 is the fixed end, and the end connected to the movable jaw 313 is the moving end (or called the free end).
  • the temperature of the SMA wire can be changed by changing the current, so that the SMA wire can output force or displacement to the outside, thereby driving the lens movement.
  • conductive traces may be provided on the fixing member 33 and the elastic sheet main body 311 for current flow. Specifically, whether to provide conductive traces and how to provide conductive traces can be determined according to the material actually used by the fixing member 33, the shape of the fixing member 33, and the shape of the elastic sheet 31, and no further limitation is made here.
  • the fixing jaw 331 and the contact portion 312a of the spring cantilever 312 are fixed.
  • the two can be fixed on the same component, such as a steel sheet or a printed circuit board, or they can be fixed on different components, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fixed end of the fixed jaw 331 and the elastic piece 31 are electrically connected to the printed circuit board (including direct or indirect electrical connection).
  • the SMA wire 32 When the SMA wire 32 is energized, the current can flow from the printed circuit board through the fixed jaw 331, the SMA wire 32, the movable jaw 314, and the elastic cantilever 314, and finally flow back to the printed circuit board through the fixed end of the elastic cantilever 314.
  • the principle of the SMA component 300 to achieve optical anti-shake is as follows: when the electronic device is jittered, the sensor for detecting the posture of the electronic device, such as a gyroscope, can output the jitter angular velocity signal of the electronic device. After receiving the signal, the processor in the electronic device can control the current on the SMA wire, and the SMA wire shrinks or stretches, thereby controlling the movement of the elastic piece 31 (including the elastic piece body 311 and the movable jaw 313).
  • a lens assembly (such as the lens assembly 220 in FIG.
  • the OIS actions in the two directions can be realized respectively, and feedback control in the two directions is required to make the lens position and the electronic device according to The demand position determined by the jitter angular velocity remains consistent.
  • SMA has the dual functions of sensing and driving.
  • the SMA current changes, the length and wire diameter of the SMA wire will change, which in turn causes the resistance of the SMA to change.
  • the drive chip in the electronic device uses a control algorithm to make the error signal zero. For example, by further adjusting the current through the SMA wire, a closed-loop control of the lens position can be achieved.
  • the optical anti-shake is mainly realized by the cooperation of the SMA wire 32 being energized and the elastic deformation of the elastic sheet 31.
  • a mechanical crosstalk effect (crosstalk effect) will appear in the control process. That is, when the OIS in one direction is turned off and only the OIS action in the other direction is performed, the lens will shake in the direction of the non-OIS action.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of simulating the SMA component shown in FIG. 5.
  • the solid line in the figure represents the displacement of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel in the Y direction
  • the dashed line represents the displacement of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel in the X direction.
  • the moving end of the shrapnel in the implementation of the present application includes a shrapnel body and a movable jaw provided on the shrapnel body.
  • the moving end of the shrapnel is equipped with a lens, so the center of the moving end of the shrapnel corresponds to the center of the lens.
  • the numerical values of the abscissa and ordinate in the figure are only exemplary and do not impose any limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application only energizes the SMA wire 32a in the SMA assembly shown in Figure 5 (the SMA wires 32b, 32c, and 32d are not energized), that is, only one SMA wire in the Y direction Power on, the remaining three SMA wires are not powered on.
  • the center of the moving end of the shrapnel not only moves in the Y direction, but also shifts in the X direction.
  • the displacement of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel in the X direction is about 12% of the displacement in the Y direction. In other words, when performing OIS in the Y direction, mechanical crosstalk appears in the X direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application only energizes the SMA wire 32c in the SMA assembly shown in FIG. 5 (the SMA wires 32a, 32b, 32d are not energized), that is, only the X direction One of the SMA wires is energized, and the other three SMA wires are not energized.
  • the center of the moving end of the shrapnel not only moves in the X direction, but also shifts in the Y direction.
  • the displacement of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel in the Y direction is about 12% of the displacement in the X direction. In other words, when performing OIS in the X direction, mechanical crosstalk occurs in the Y direction.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a shrapnel simulation model provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the SMA component is removed from the SMA wire.
  • One end of the spring cantilever 312 is connected to the main body 311 of the spring, and the other end is fixed. Forces in different directions are applied to the movable jaws 313 to obtain the forces and springs in different directions.
  • the relationship between the center displacement direction of the moving end that is, the direction of movement of the shrapnel). It should be understood that after the SMA wire is removed, the force exerted on the movable jaw 313 is equivalent to the force exerted on the movable jaw 313 by the SMA wire.
  • the force when a force is applied to the movable jaws of the elastic piece, the force can be equivalent to a same force applied to the center of the elastic piece and a bending moment for rotating the elastic piece. Since the rotation of the shrapnel caused by the bending moment has nothing to do with the mechanical crosstalk, the embodiment of the present application does not care about the rotation of the shrapnel caused by the bending moment, and only cares about the translation of the center of the shrapnel caused by the force.
  • the force exerted on the movable jaw 313 is recorded as among them
  • the angle between the positive X and X is denoted as ⁇ 1
  • ⁇ 1 is Relative to the angle of X forward and counterclockwise rotation, that is, the direction of the force
  • the range of ⁇ 1 is [0°, 360°].
  • the angle between the positive direction and X is denoted as ⁇ 2
  • ⁇ 2 Relative to the angle of X forward and counterclockwise rotation, that is, the direction of movement of the shrapnel, the range of ⁇ 2 is [0°, 360°].
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of simulation results of the shrapnel simulation model in FIG. 7.
  • the abscissa is the direction of the force applied to the elastic piece (specifically, the movable jaw), and the ordinate is the angle between the force and the displacement direction of the elastic piece.
  • the angle between the force and the displacement in the four directions is 0 (that is, the direction of the force is consistent with the direction of movement of the shrapnel), and In other directions, the acting direction of the force is inconsistent with the movement direction of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel, that is, mechanical crosstalk occurs.
  • Table 1 shows the data of some special directions in Figure 8.
  • the embodiment of the application will provide a shrapnel design method and a shrapnel structure obtained according to the shrapnel design method, which can significantly reduce or eliminate mechanical crosstalk.
  • the shrapnel can be used in the directions of about 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°, that is, two mutually perpendicular directions.
  • the direction of the force is consistent with the displacement direction of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel.
  • there are two mutually perpendicular directions (denoted as the first direction and the second direction in the embodiment of this application), and there is no mechanical crosstalk when force is applied in these two directions. , That is, when a force is applied in these two directions, the direction of movement of the shrapnel is the same as the direction of the force.
  • the K value in any direction represents the magnitude of the force received by the shrapnel and the magnitude of the displacement of the shrapnel in the direction of the force under small deformation.
  • the ratio, the unit is Newton/meter (N/m).
  • the shrapnel has two K values in the above two mutually perpendicular directions. It is assumed that the K value of the shrapnel in the first direction is K 1 , and the K value of the shrapnel in the second direction is K 2 .
  • K 1 represents the ratio of the force applied in the first direction to the displacement of the center of the moving end of the shrapnel in the first direction
  • K 2 represents the force applied in the second direction and the movement of the shrapnel The ratio of the displacement of the end center in the second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are shown by the dashed lines in Figure 9
  • the first direction is 45°-225° direction
  • the second direction is 135°-315° direction .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a shrapnel design method, which can obtain a new shrapnel structure based on the existing shrapnel, and the new shrapnel structure itself has no mechanical crosstalk or only weak mechanical crosstalk.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the shrapnel shown in Fig. 10(a) is the same as the shrapnel in Fig. 9, its K value in the first direction 501 is K 1 , and the K value in the second direction 502 is K 2 .
  • the shrapnel shown in (b) in Figure 10 is axisymmetric with the shrapnel shown in (a) in Figure 10, that is, the shrapnel shown in (b) in Figure 10 is shown by (a) in Figure 10
  • the elastic piece is flipped around the axis of symmetry in the first direction 501 and the second direction 502, and its K value in the first direction 501 is K 2 , and its K value in the second direction 502 is K 1 .
  • the elastic sheet 41 includes an elastic sheet main body 411 and at least one elastic sheet cantilever 412.
  • Each elastic sheet cantilever of the at least one elastic sheet cantilever 412 is connected to the elastic sheet main body 411 and runs along the elastic sheet main body 411. The outer edge extends.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is axially symmetrical.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes a first direction 501 and a second direction 502 that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the K value of the elastic piece 41 in the first direction 501 is equal to the K value in the second direction 502, where K is the force of the elastic piece 41
  • the K value of the shrapnel 41 in the first direction 501 is (K 1 +K 2 ), and the value in the second direction 502
  • the value of K is also (K 1 +K 2 ).
  • the K values of the elastic pieces 41 in two mutually perpendicular directions are equal, so that when the elastic piece 41 applies a force in any direction, the movement direction of the elastic piece 41 is consistent with the direction of the force, which can reduce or eliminate the mechanical crosstalk effect.
  • the K value of the shrapnel 41 in the first direction and the second direction may not be completely equal. Due to process errors, processing errors, etc., when the K value of the shrapnel 41 in the first direction is The effect of reducing mechanical crosstalk can also be achieved when the difference between the K values in the second direction is less than the preset threshold. That is, the K value of the elastic piece 41 in the first direction and the second direction is close or very small. When a force is applied to the elastic piece 41 in any direction, the angle between the movement direction of the elastic piece 41 and the direction of the force is very small, for example, less than 5° , Only produce weak mechanical crosstalk.
  • the following embodiments of the present application are all described by taking the same K value of the elastic sheet in the first direction and the second direction as an example.
  • the difference between the K value of the elastic piece in the first direction and the K value in the second direction is less than the preset threshold.
  • the value of the included angle between the direction of movement of the shrapnel and the direction of the force is less than the preset angle.
  • the preset angle is 5°.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetric, which can be understood as any shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever folded along the axis of symmetry can overlap with another shrapnel cantilever. Or, if the at least one shrapnel cantilever is regarded as a whole, the at least one shrapnel cantilever is an axially symmetrical figure, that is, the at least one shrapnel cantilever can be overlapped with itself after being turned 180° as a whole. In the embodiment of the present application, when the shrapnel is applied to the SMA motor, the symmetry axis of at least one shrapnel cantilever is perpendicular to and intersects the optical axis.
  • the symmetry axis of the first direction 501 and the second direction 502 is the same as the symmetry axis of the at least one spring cantilever 412. Therefore, it can also be said that the first direction 501 and the second direction 502 are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the at least one spring cantilever 412. In this way, the K value of the elastic piece 41 in the first direction 501 and the second direction 502 is equal to the sum of the K value of the elastic piece 31 in the two directions without mechanical crosstalk.
  • the elastic piece 41 further includes a clamping jaw 413 connected to the elastic piece main body 411, and the clamping jaw 413 is centrally symmetrical.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes two clamping jaws 413 which are located on opposite sides of the elastic piece body 411 in the first direction 501 or the second direction 502. It should be understood that the position of the clamping jaw 413 needs to be determined according to the first direction 501 and the second direction 502. For different structures of the shrapnel 31, the direction of no mechanical crosstalk is different.
  • the first direction 501 and the second direction 502 obtained by simulation may be similar to those in FIG. 9 The obtained directions are different.
  • those skilled in the art can determine the position of the clamping jaws and the number of clamping jaws of the elastic piece 41 according to the actual structure of the elastic piece 31, and the embodiment of the present application does not make more restrictions.
  • the number of clamping jaws 413 may be multiple, and the plurality of clamping jaws are center-symmetrical, which can be understood as any one of the plurality of clamping jaws can overlap with another clamping jaw after being rotated 180°. Or, if the plurality of clamping jaws are regarded as a whole, the plurality of clamping jaws are a centrally symmetrical figure, that is, the plurality of clamping jaws can be overlapped with itself after being rotated 180°.
  • the shrapnel cantilever 412 may be located above or below the clamping jaw 413, which can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the shrapnel body 411 can be warped at the jaws 413, so that the jaws 413 and the shrapnel body 411 are on different planes, so that the cantilever 412 of the shrapnel can penetrate above or below the jaws 413 Pass without interference.
  • a through hole 414 is provided in the center of the elastic sheet body 411.
  • the center of the through hole 414 may coincide with the intersection of the first direction 501 and the second direction 502.
  • the shrapnel cantilever 412 and the shrapnel main body 411 may be integrated, that is, the shrapnel cantilever 412 and the shrapnel main body 411 are integrally formed.
  • the shrapnel cantilever 412 and the shrapnel main body 411 may also be fixedly connected, that is, the shrapnel cantilever 412 and the shrapnel main body 411 are fixedly connected by welding or the like.
  • the elastic sheet 41 provided in the embodiment of the present application when applied to an SMA assembly, the elastic sheet 31 in the SMA assembly 300 shown in FIG. 4 can be replaced with the elastic sheet 41 shown in FIG. 10.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an SMA assembly, which includes a fixing piece (for example, the fixing piece 33 in FIG. 4), an elastic piece (for example, the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 10), and a shape memory alloy SMA wire.
  • a fixing piece for example, the fixing piece 33 in FIG. 4
  • an elastic piece for example, the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 10
  • a shape memory alloy SMA wire One end of the SMA wire is connected with the fixing member, and the other end is connected with the elastic sheet.
  • the shrapnel (for example, the shrapnel 41 shown in FIG. 10) includes a shrapnel main body and at least one shrapnel cantilever.
  • Each shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body and extends along the outer edge of the shrapnel body, and the shrapnel cantilever extends
  • the predetermined position of the part is connected with the fixing member.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever is axially symmetrical. It should be understood that the position where the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the fixing member can be specifically determined according to the structure and number of the shrapnel cantilever.
  • the predetermined position may be the end of the shrapnel cantilever, or the middle position of the shrapnel cantilever or other positions.
  • the elastic piece 41 further includes a movable clamping jaw (for example, the clamping jaw 413 in FIG. 10) connected with the elastic piece main body 411, and the movable clamping jaw is centrally symmetrical.
  • the fixing member may include a fixing jaw having a center symmetry.
  • the fixed clamping jaws arranged on the fixed part and the movable clamping jaws arranged on the main body of the elastic sheet are distributed alternately.
  • one end of the SMA wire is connected with the fixed jaw, and the other end is connected with the movable jaw.
  • the number of fixed jaws provided on the fixing member may be two, and the number of movable jaws provided on the main body of the elastic sheet may be two. In this way, two fixed jaws and two movable jaws can form the four corners of a quadrilateral.
  • An SMA wire is connected between an adjacent fixed jaw and a movable jaw, which can realize the lens in one direction. mobile.
  • the number of fixed jaws and the number of movable jaws can also be other numbers, such as 3, 4, 6, etc., so that the staggered fixed jaws and movable jaws can be formed around the main body of the shrapnel. The top corners of hexagons, octagons, dodecagons, etc.
  • An SMA wire is connected between any adjacent fixed clamping jaws and movable clamping jaws, and the SMA wire can realize the movement of the lens in one direction.
  • one movable jaw can fix two SMA wires.
  • a movable clamping jaw or a fixed clamping jaw
  • the number of at least one cantilever of the elastic piece included in the embodiment of the present application may be 1, 2, 4 or more.
  • the specific form of the shrapnel cantilever is described below in conjunction with the drawings.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes an elastic piece cantilever 412 that extends around the elastic piece body 411 to form a closed ring.
  • the line connecting the positions 401a and 401b where the one dome cantilever 412 and the dome body 411 are connected is the symmetry axis of the one dome cantilever 412, and/or the positions 401a and 401b where the dome cantilever 412 is connected to the dome body 411 It is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis of the one elastic cantilever 412. Exemplarily, it can be seen from FIG.
  • the positions 401a and 401b where the shrapnel cantilever 412 connects to the shrapnel body 411 are symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever 412; for the symmetry axis in the Y direction, the shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the shrapnel body 411
  • the line connecting the positions 401a and 401b of is the symmetry axis of the cantilever 412 of the shrapnel.
  • the line connecting the positions 402a and 402b where the shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the fixing member is the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever 412, and/or,
  • the positions 402 a and 402 b at which the shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the fixing member are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever 412. Exemplarily, it can be seen from FIG.
  • the connection line between the positions 402a and 402b where the shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the fixing member is the symmetry axis of the shrapnel cantilever 412; for the symmetry axis in the Y direction, the shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the fixing member
  • the positions 402a and 402b are symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the cantilever 412 of the shrapnel.
  • the shrapnel 41 includes two shrapnel cantilevers 412a and 412b, and the two shrapnel cantilevers are axially symmetrical, wherein the two ends 401a, 401b of the shrapnel cantilever 412a are connected with the shrapnel body 411, The two ends 401c and 401d of the shrapnel cantilever 412b are connected with the shrapnel main body 411.
  • the shrapnel 41 includes two shrapnel cantilevers 412a and 412b.
  • the two shrapnel cantilevers are axially symmetrical.
  • the middle positions of the shrapnel cantilevers 412a and 412b are connected to the shrapnel body 411. Both ends of the cantilevers 412a and 412b are free ends.
  • the middle position 401a of the shrapnel cantilever 412a is connected to the shrapnel main body 411, and the two ends 402a and 402b of the shrapnel cantilever 412a are free ends.
  • the middle position 401b of the shrapnel cantilever 412b is connected with the shrapnel main body 411, and the two ends 402c and 402d of the shrapnel cantilever 412b are free ends.
  • the shrapnel 41 includes four shrapnel cantilevers 412a, 412, 412c, 412d, and one end of each shrapnel cantilever (for example, 401a, 401b, 401c, 401d) is connected to the main body 411 of the elastic sheet, and the other end (for example, 402a, 402b, 402c, 402d) is a free end.
  • the fixed end 401a of the shrapnel cantilever 412a is connected to the shrapnel main body 411, and the other end of the shrapnel cantilever 412a is the free end 402a.
  • shrapnel cantilevers included in the embodiments of the present application are only exemplary.
  • the shrapnel can also include other numbers of shrapnel cantilevers, for example, including shrapnel that is an integer multiple of 2. Cantilever, etc., as long as the cantilever of all shrapnel is axisymmetric.
  • Those skilled in the art can design the number of cantilevers of the shrapnel, the distance between two adjacent shrapnel cantilevers, and the specific structure of the cantilever of the shrapnel according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic flow chart of a shrapnel design method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12, the method 600 includes step 610 to step 630.
  • the first elastic piece may be, for example, the elastic piece 31 shown in FIG. 7, or an elastic piece with mechanical crosstalk in other structures.
  • the first direction and the second direction are directions where there is no mechanical crosstalk. It should be understood that when a force is applied to the elastic piece in a certain direction, the direction of movement of the elastic piece is approximately the same as the direction of the force, and this direction is considered to be a direction where there is no mechanical crosstalk. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the direction in which there is no mechanical crosstalk also includes the presence of weak mechanical crosstalk, which can be ignored because it is very weak.
  • the method shown in FIG. 7 can be used to determine the first direction and the second direction on the first shrapnel.
  • the structure of the first shrapnel is simplified into a simulation model of the shrapnel, and then the first shrapnel (specifically, the The movable clamping jaws on an elastic piece apply forces in different directions to determine the direction when the movement direction of the elastic piece and the angle of the force direction are 0, then the first direction and the second direction can be determined.
  • the first direction and the second direction on the first elastic piece can also be determined experimentally.
  • the obtained second elastic piece and the first elastic piece are an axisymmetric figure, and the second elastic piece and the first elastic piece exchange the K value in the first direction and the K value in the second direction.
  • step 630 when the third elastic piece is designed according to the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece, the structure of the elastic piece cantilever of the third elastic piece is mainly designed.
  • the first elastic piece includes a first elastic piece body and at least one first elastic piece cantilever, and each first elastic piece cantilever of the at least one first elastic piece cantilever extends along the outer edge of the first elastic piece body, and each first elastic piece One end of the cantilever is connected with the main body of the first elastic sheet, and the other end is a free end.
  • the first elastic piece may be the elastic piece 31 as shown in (a) of FIG. 10.
  • the third elastic piece includes a second elastic piece body and at least one second elastic piece cantilever.
  • Each of the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is connected to the second elastic piece body and extends along the second elastic piece body. The outer edge extends, and the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is axially symmetrical.
  • the third elastic piece may be the elastic piece 41 as shown in (c) in FIG. 10 or the elastic piece 41 as shown in FIG. 11.
  • determining the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to each other on the first elastic piece according to simulation may specifically include: fixing the free end of the first elastic piece cantilever, and applying forces in different directions to the first elastic piece ; Determine the direction of displacement of the main body of the first shrapnel under the force of different directions; when the direction of displacement of the main body of the first shrapnel is the same as the direction of the force applied to the first shrapnel, determine the direction of the force as the first direction and the first direction Two directions.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the shrapnel shown in Fig. 13(a) is the same as the shrapnel in Fig. 9, its K value in the first direction 501 is K 1 , and the K value in the second direction 502 is K 2 .
  • the shrapnel shown in Figure 13 (b) is 90° rotationally symmetrical with the shrapnel shown in Figure 13 (a), that is, the shrapnel shown in Figure 13 (b) is shown in Figure 13 (a)
  • the shrapnel shown is rotated 90° around the Z axis, and its K value in the first direction 501 is K 2 , and its K value in the second direction 502 is K 1 .
  • the shrapnel shown in (a) and (b) in Figure 13 can be used to obtain the shrapnel shown in (c) in Figure 13 41.
  • the shrapnel 41 includes a shrapnel main body 411 and at least one shrapnel cantilever 412.
  • Each shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is connected to the shrapnel main body 411 and runs along the shrapnel main body 411. The outer edge extends.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes a first direction 501 and a second direction 502 perpendicular to each other, and the K value of the elastic piece 41 in the first direction 501 is equal to the K value in the second direction 502.
  • the K value of the shrapnel 41 in the first direction 501 is (K 1 +K 2 ), and the value in the second direction 502
  • the value of K is also (K 1 +K 2 ).
  • the K values of the elastic pieces 41 in two mutually perpendicular directions are equal, so that when the elastic piece 41 applies a force in any direction, the movement direction of the elastic piece 41 is consistent with the direction of the force, which can reduce or eliminate the mechanical crosstalk effect.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical, which can be understood as any shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever after being rotated 90° to coincide with another shrapnel cantilever. Or, if the at least one shrapnel cantilever is regarded as a whole, the at least one shrapnel cantilever is a 90° rotationally symmetrical figure, that is, the at least one shrapnel cantilever can overlap itself after being rotated 90° as a whole.
  • the rotation axis of at least one shrapnel cantilever is an optical axis.
  • the elastic piece 41 further includes a clamping jaw 413 connected to the elastic piece main body 411, and the clamping jaw 413 is centrally symmetrical.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes two clamping jaws 413 which are located on opposite sides of the elastic piece body 411 in the first direction 501 or the second direction 502. It should be understood that the position of the clamping jaw 413 needs to be determined according to the first direction 501 and the second direction 502. For different structures of the shrapnel 31, the direction of no mechanical crosstalk is different.
  • the first direction 501 and the second direction 502 obtained by simulation may be similar to those in FIG. 9 The obtained directions are different.
  • those skilled in the art can determine the position of the clamping jaws and the number of clamping jaws of the elastic piece 41 according to the actual structure of the elastic piece 31, and the embodiment of the present application does not make more restrictions.
  • the shrapnel cantilever 412 may be located above or below the clamping jaw 413, which can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the shrapnel body 411 can be warped at the jaws 413, so that the jaws 413 and the shrapnel body 411 are on different planes, so that the cantilever 412 of the shrapnel can penetrate above or below the jaws 413 Pass without interference.
  • a through hole 414 is provided in the center of the elastic sheet body 411.
  • the center of the through hole 414 may coincide with the intersection of the first direction 501 and the second direction 502.
  • the elastic sheet 41 provided in the embodiment of the present application when applied to an SMA assembly, the elastic sheet 31 in the SMA assembly 300 shown in FIG. 4 can be replaced with the elastic sheet 41 shown in FIG. 13.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an SMA assembly, which includes a fixing piece (for example, the fixing piece 33 in FIG. 4), an elastic piece (for example, the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 13), and a shape memory alloy SMA wire.
  • a fixing piece for example, the fixing piece 33 in FIG. 4
  • an elastic piece for example, the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 13
  • a shape memory alloy SMA wire One end of the SMA wire is connected to the fixing piece, and the other end is connected to the elastic sheet.
  • the shrapnel (for example, the shrapnel 41 shown in FIG. 13) includes a shrapnel main body and at least one shrapnel cantilever.
  • Each shrapnel cantilever of the at least one shrapnel cantilever is connected to the shrapnel main body and extends along the outer edge of the shrapnel main body, and the shrapnel cantilever extends
  • the predetermined position of the part is connected with the fixing member.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical. It should be understood that the position where the shrapnel cantilever is connected to the fixing member can be specifically determined according to the structure and number of the shrapnel cantilever.
  • the predetermined position may be the end of the shrapnel cantilever, or the middle position of the shrapnel cantilever or other positions.
  • the at least one shrapnel cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetric, and one of the two adjacent shrapnel cantilevers can be obtained by rotating the other shrapnel cantilever by 90°.
  • the elastic piece 41 further includes a movable clamping jaw (for example, the clamping jaw 413 in FIG. 13) connected with the elastic piece main body 411, and the movable clamping jaw is centrally symmetrical.
  • the fixing member may include a fixing jaw having a center symmetry.
  • the fixed clamping jaws arranged on the fixed part and the movable clamping jaws arranged on the main body of the elastic sheet are distributed alternately.
  • one end of the SMA wire is connected with the fixed jaw, and the other end is connected with the movable jaw.
  • the number of fixed jaws provided on the fixing member and the number of movable jaws provided on the main body of the elastic sheet are equal, and they can be 2, 3, 4, 6, etc., respectively, which are distributed in a staggered manner.
  • the fixed jaws and the movable jaws around the main body of the shrapnel can be approximately polygonal angles.
  • An SMA wire is connected between any adjacent fixed clamping jaws and movable clamping jaws, and the SMA wire can realize the movement of the lens in one direction.
  • the number of at least one cantilever of the elastic piece included in the embodiment of the present application may be 4, 8 or more.
  • the specific form of the shrapnel cantilever is described below in conjunction with the drawings.
  • the elastic piece 41 includes four elastic piece cantilevers 412a, 412, 412c, 412d. One end of each of the four elastic piece cantilevers is connected to the elastic piece body 411, and the other end For the free end.
  • the fixed end 401a of the shrapnel cantilever 412a is connected to the shrapnel main body 411, and the other end of the shrapnel cantilever 412a is the free end 402a.
  • shrapnel cantilevers included in the embodiments of the present application are only exemplary.
  • the shrapnel can also include other numbers of shrapnel cantilevers, for example, including shrapnel that is an integer multiple of 4. Cantilever, etc., as long as the cantilever of all shrapnel is 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • Those skilled in the art can design the number of cantilevers of the shrapnel, the distance between two adjacent shrapnel cantilevers, and the specific structure of the cantilever of the shrapnel according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic flow chart of a shrapnel design method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the method 700 includes step 710 and step 720.
  • the first elastic piece may be, for example, the elastic piece 31 shown in FIG. 7, or an elastic piece with mechanical crosstalk in other structures.
  • the first direction and the second direction in the embodiments of the present application may be understood as absolute directions.
  • step 720 when the third elastic piece is designed according to the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece, the structure of the elastic piece cantilever of the third elastic piece is mainly designed.
  • the first elastic piece is rotated by 90° to obtain the second elastic piece, and the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are equivalent to exchanging the K values in the first direction and the second direction.
  • the first elastic piece includes a first elastic piece body and at least one first elastic piece cantilever, each of the at least one first elastic piece cantilever extends along the outer edge of the first elastic piece body, and each first elastic piece cantilever One end is connected with the main body of the first elastic sheet, and the other end is a free end.
  • the first elastic piece may be the elastic piece 31 as shown in (a) of FIG. 13.
  • the third elastic piece includes a second elastic piece body and at least one second elastic piece cantilever, and each second elastic piece cantilever of the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is connected to the second elastic piece body and runs along the outer side of the second elastic piece body. The edge extends, and the at least one second elastic piece cantilever is 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • the third elastic piece may be the elastic piece 41 as shown in (c) of FIG. 13.
  • the shrapnel body of the shrapnel in the embodiment of the present application may be square (for example, as shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 13), circle, polygon, irregular shape, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that when the cantilever of the shrapnel extends along the edge of the main body of the shrapnel, the shape of the cantilever of the shrapnel can be adjusted and changed according to the shape of the main body of the shrapnel.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the elastic piece 41 is similar to the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 10(c), except that the elastic piece body 411 shown in FIG. 15(a) is approximately circular.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is arranged around the shrapnel main body 411, and the shrapnel cantilever 412 is generally annular.
  • the rest of the structure and the connection relationship of the shrapnel applied to the SMA assembly is similar to (c) and (d) in FIG. 10, and at least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is axisymmetrical.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the elastic piece 41 is similar to the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 10(c), except that the elastic piece body 411 shown in FIG. 15(a) is approximately circular.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is arranged around the sh
  • the cantilever of the shrapnel can be arc, semicircle, broken line, curve, etc. depending on the number of cantilever arms included in the shrapnel.
  • the application examples do not make any limitations.
  • the elastic piece 41 is similar to the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 13(c), except that the elastic piece body 411 shown in FIG. 15(b) is approximately circular.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is arranged around the shrapnel main body 411, each shrapnel cantilever 412 is substantially arc-shaped, and a plurality of shrapnel cantilever arms 412 are enclosed in a substantially circular shape.
  • the rest of the structure and the connection relationship of the shrapnel applied to the SMA assembly is similar to (c) and (d) in Figure 13, at least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is 90° rotationally symmetrical.
  • FIG. 15(b) the elastic piece 41 is similar to the elastic piece 41 shown in FIG. 13(c), except that the elastic piece body 411 shown in FIG. 15(b) is approximately circular.
  • At least one shrapnel cantilever 412 is arranged around the shrapnel main body 411, each shrapne
  • the outer edge of the elastic sheet main body may be polygonal (for example, square), circular or other shapes.
  • a single cantilever of the shrapnel can be arc, semicircle, broken line, curve, square or other shapes, and at least one cantilever of the shrapnel can extend around the main body of the shrapnel to form a polygon, circle or other shapes.
  • an optimized elastic sheet can be used to reduce or eliminate mechanical crosstalk in optical image stabilization, and a combination of multiple elastic sheets can also be used to reduce or eliminate mechanical crosstalk in the OIS process.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic structural diagram of an elastic sheet assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the shrapnel 31a shown in Figure 16(a) is the same as the shrapnel in Figure 9, its K value in the first direction 501 is K 1 , and the K value in the second direction 502 is K 2 .
  • the elastic piece 31b shown in (b) in FIG. 16 is axially symmetrical with the elastic piece 31a shown in (a) in FIG. 16, that is, the elastic piece 31b shown in (b) in FIG. 16 is changed from (a) in FIG. 16
  • the elastic piece 31a shown is flipped around the axis of symmetry in the first direction 501 and the second direction 502, and the K value in the first direction 501 is K 2 , and the K value in the second direction 502 is K 1 .
  • the elastic piece assembly 301 includes an upper elastic piece 31a and a lower elastic piece 31b, and the lower elastic piece 31b can be obtained by turning the upper elastic piece 31a 180°.
  • the upper elastic piece 31a and the lower elastic piece 31 are spaced apart along the Z axis (that is, the optical axis direction). It should be understood that the relative positions of the upper and lower elastic pieces in the elastic piece assembly in the figure are only schematic and should not be construed as limiting the application.
  • the shrapnel assembly 301 includes a first direction 501 and a second direction 502 that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the K value of the shrapnel assembly 301 in the first direction 501 and the K value in the second direction 502 are equal, and It is equal to the sum of the K value of the upper elastic piece 31a in the first direction 501 and the K value of the upper elastic piece 31a in the second direction 502.
  • the K value of the shrapnel assembly 301 in the first direction 501 is (K 1 +K 2 )
  • the K value in the second direction 502 is also (K 1 +K 2 ).
  • the K values of the shrapnel assembly 301 in the two perpendicular directions are equal, so that when a force is applied in any direction on the shrapnel assembly 301, the direction of movement of the shrapnel assembly 301 is consistent with the direction of the force, which can reduce or eliminate mechanical crosstalk effect.
  • the lower elastic piece 31b may also be obtained by rotating the upper elastic piece 31a by 90°, and the elastic piece assembly formed therefrom has the same technical effect as described above, which will not be repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an SMA assembly
  • the SMA assembly includes: a fixing member, an elastic sheet assembly (for example, the elastic sheet assembly 301 shown in FIG. 16) and an SMA wire, one end of the SMA wire is connected to the fixing member, and the other end Connect with the shrapnel assembly.
  • the shrapnel assembly includes an upper shrapnel and a lower shrapnel, and the lower shrapnel can be obtained by flipping or rotating the upper shrapnel by 90°.
  • the upper elastic piece includes an elastic piece main body and an elastic piece cantilever, one end of the elastic piece cantilever is connected with the elastic piece main body, and the other end is connected with the fixing member.
  • the upper elastic piece further includes a movable jaw connected with the main body of the elastic piece, and the movable jaw is symmetrical in the center.
  • the fixed part includes a centrally symmetric fixed clamping jaws, and the fixed clamping jaws and the movable clamping jaws are staggered.
  • One end of the SMA wire is connected with the movable jaw, and the other end is connected with the fixed jaw.
  • the upper elastic piece and the lower elastic piece may respectively correspond to respective fixing members. That is, the components used to implement OIS in the electronic device may include an upper SMA component and a lower SMA component.
  • the upper SMA assembly includes an upper elastic piece, an upper fixing piece corresponding to the upper elastic piece, and an SMA wire connected between the upper elastic piece and the upper fixing piece.
  • the lower SMA assembly includes a lower elastic piece, a lower fixing piece corresponding to the lower elastic piece, and an SMA wire connected between the lower elastic piece and the lower fixing piece.
  • the upper SMA component and the lower SMA component can control OIS separately.
  • the SMA wires in the corresponding positions of the upper SMA component and the lower SMA component are supplied with the same current, then the upper SMA component and the lower SMA component can achieve (c) and (d) in Figure 10 and Figure 13 The similar effects of the shrapnel 41 in (c) and (d).
  • the upper elastic piece and the lower elastic piece may correspond to the same fixing piece, and the SMA wires connected to the upper elastic piece and the lower elastic piece are all connected to the one fixing piece.
  • the number of fixed jaws provided on the one fixing member may be twice the number of movable jaws provided on the upper elastic piece.
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a simulation effect of a shrapnel structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the abscissa is the direction of force
  • the ordinate is the angle between the direction of force and the center displacement direction of the moving end of the shrapnel.
  • Curve 801 can represent the simulation effect of the shrapnel structure shown in Figure 7, and curve 802 can represent the graph 10 or the simulation effect of the shrapnel 41 in FIG. It can be seen from the figure that the fluctuation of the curve 802 on the ordinate is significantly smaller than that of the curve 801. In other words, the mechanical crosstalk phenomenon of the shrapnel 41 is significantly improved.
  • Table 2 shows data for several special directions.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be a connection between two components.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be a connection between two components.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种弹片设计方法及弹片、SMA组件、镜头模组和电子设备。该SMA组件包括：固定件、弹片和形状记忆合金SMA线，所述SMA线的一端与所述固定件相连接，另一端与所述弹片相连接；所述弹片包括弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂；其中，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接，并沿所述弹片主体的外缘延伸；所述弹片悬臂在延伸部分的预定位置与所述固定件相连接；所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称。上述技术方案能够减小或消除SMA组件中的弹片的机械串扰，提高光学防抖性能。

Description

弹片设计方法及弹片、SMA组件、镜头模组和电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及镜头驱动装置领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种弹片设计方法及弹片、SMA组件、镜头模组和电子设备。
背景技术
光学防抖(optical image stabilization，OIS)是一种通过陀螺仪做抖动检测，然后通过OIS马达反方向平移或旋转整个镜头，补偿曝光期间因终端设备抖动引起的图像模糊。
目前常用的OIS驱动装置包括音圈马达(voice coil motor，VCM)式、形状记忆合金(shape memory alloys，SMA)式、压电式、步进马达式等。其中SMA式OIS装置使用了SMA技术来驱动镜头实现光学防抖，具有驱动体积小、效率高、速度快、功耗低、声音小等诸多优点。
SMA式驱动装置一般是在两个相互垂直的方向上带动镜头运动，以追踪电子设备的抖动。但在实际应用中发现，当只进行一个方向的光学防抖时，镜头在另一个方向会发生抖动，产生了机械串扰效应。
发明内容
本申请提供一种弹片设计方法及弹片、SMA组件、镜头模组和电子设备，能够减小或消除SMA组件中的弹片的机械串扰，提高光学防抖性能。
第一方面，提供一种形状记忆合金SMA组件，包括：固定件、弹片和形状记忆合金SMA线，所述SMA线的一端与所述固定件相连接，另一端与所述弹片相连接；所述弹片包括弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂；其中，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接，并沿所述弹片主体的外缘延伸；所述弹片悬臂在延伸部分的预定位置与所述固定件相连接；所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称。
本申请实施例提供的SMA组件中，弹片所包括的弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称，这样弹片存在两个相互垂直的方向，弹片在这两个方向上的K值大致相同。当任意方向的作用力施加于弹片上时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向大致相同，这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰，能够提高光学防抖性能。
应理解，本申请实施例中，弹片的运动方向可以认为是镜头的运动方向。
还应理解，本申请实施例中，至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，可以理解为该至少一个弹片悬臂中的任意一个弹片悬臂沿对称轴翻折都可以与另一个弹片悬臂重合。或者，如果将该至少一个弹片悬臂看做一个整体的话，该至少一个弹片悬臂为一个轴对称图形，即将该至少一个弹片悬臂整体翻转180°后能够与自身重合。本申请实施例中，弹片应用于SMA组件时，至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴与光轴垂直，并与光轴相交。
本申请实施例中，至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称，可以理解为该至少一个弹片 悬臂中的任意一个弹片悬臂旋转90°后都可以与另一个弹片悬臂重合。或者，如果将该至少一个弹片悬臂看做一个整体的话，该至少一个弹片悬臂为一个90°旋转对称图形，即将该至少一个弹片悬臂整体旋转90°后能够与自身重合。本申请实施例中，弹片应用于SMA组件时，至少一个弹片悬臂的旋转轴为光轴。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片在所述第一方向上的K值和在所述第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
弹片上第一方向和第二方向相互垂直且K值相差很小，当在弹片上施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向近似一致。这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。应理解，本申请实施例中，当弹片的机械串扰很小时，本申请实施例认为机械串扰很微弱，可以认为不存在机械串扰。
可选地，当弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值时，对应的，在所述弹片上施加作用力，弹片的运动方向与所述作用力方向之间的夹角数值小于预设角度。应理解，这里不考虑矢量方向。
可选地，所述预设角度为5°。
可选地，所述弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等。
弹片上第一方向和第二方向相互垂直且K值相等，当在弹片上施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向均一致。这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述第一方向和所述第二方向关于所述至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片还包括与所述弹片主体相连接的可动夹爪，所述可动夹爪呈中心对称；所述固定件包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪，所述固定夹爪与所述可动夹爪交错分布；所述SMA线的一端与所述可动夹爪相连接，另一端与所述固定夹爪相连接。
SMA线一端连接可动夹爪，一端连接固定夹爪，当SMA线通入电流时，SMA线长度发生变化，从而带动可动夹爪一端运动。
应理解，本申请实施例中可动夹爪和固定夹爪是相对的描述，即固定件上设置的夹爪相对固定，因此称之为固定夹爪，弹片上设置的夹爪相对固定件可运动，因此称之为可动夹爪。可动夹爪和固定夹爪也可以替换为其他形式的描述，例如将“可动夹爪”替换为“第一夹爪”，该第一夹爪相对固定件可以运动，具体地第一夹爪在SMA线的拉力作用下可以运动；例如将“固定夹爪”替换为“第二夹爪”，该第二夹爪相对固定件固定。
还应理解，本申请实施例中，可动夹爪的数量可以为多个，该多个夹爪是呈中心对称的，可以理解为多个夹爪中的任意一个夹爪旋转180°后都可以与另一个夹爪重合。或者，如果将该多个夹爪看做一个整体的话，该多个夹爪为中心对称图形，即将该多个夹爪整体旋转180°后能够与自身重合。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
弹片主体中心设置的通孔用于与镜头组件相连接，以用于带动镜头运动。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括一个弹片悬臂，所述一个弹片悬臂呈封闭环形，其中，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括一个弹片悬臂，所述一个弹片悬臂呈封闭环形，其中，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述固定件相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述固定件相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述弹片主体相连接，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述固定件相连接。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述弹片主体相连接，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述固定件相连接。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
可选地，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂的数量为M个，M为1，或者M为2的整数倍。
可选地，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂的数量为M个，M为4的整数倍。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片主体的外缘呈方形或圆形。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂绕所述弹片主体的外缘围成方形或圆形。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体为一体式，或者，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体为固定连接式。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述固定件为金属板和/或印刷电路板。
第二方面，提供一种SMA组件，包括：固定件，弹片组件和SMA线，所述SMA线的一端与所述固定件相连接，另一端与所述弹片组件相连接；所述弹片组件包括上弹片和下弹片，所述下弹片由所述上弹片翻转或旋转90°得到；其中，所述上弹片包括弹片主体和弹片悬臂，所述弹片悬臂一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
本申请实施例提供的SMA组件中包括弹片组件，该弹片组件包括上弹片与下弹片，下弹片由所述上弹片翻转或旋转90°得到。这样针对整个弹片组件来说，弹片组件存在两个相互垂直的方向，弹片组件在这两个方向上的K值大致相同。当任意方向的作用力施加于弹片组件上时，弹片组件的运动方向均与作用力方向大致相同，这样对弹片组件施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰，能够提高光学防抖性 能。本申请实施例中，将力与弹片运动方向夹角数值在5°以内所造成的微弱机械串扰认为是不存在机械串扰。
应理解，本申请实施例中，弹片组件的运动方向可以认为是镜头的运动方向。
还应理解，本申请实施例中上弹片与下弹片是相对于的描述，即靠近物侧的弹片称之为上弹片，靠近像侧的弹片称之为下弹片。上弹片与下弹片也可以替换为其他形式的描述，例如将“上弹片”替换为“第一弹片”，该第一弹片位于弹片组件上靠近物侧；将“下弹片”替换为“第二弹片”，该第二弹片位于弹片组件上靠近像侧。第一弹片和第二弹片重叠设置。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片组件在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述上弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述上弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上弹片还包括与所述弹片主体相连接的可动夹爪，所述可动夹爪呈中心对称；所述固定件包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪，所述固定夹爪与所述可动夹爪交错分布；所述SMA线的一端与所述可动夹爪相连接，另一端与所述固定夹爪相连接。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
第三方面，提供了一种弹片，包括：弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接，并沿所述弹片主体的外缘延伸；所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称。
可选地，所述弹片应用于光学防抖马达中。具体地，所述弹片应用于形状记忆合金SMA马达。
本申请实施例中提供弹片中，弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称，这样弹片存在两个相互垂直的方向，弹片在这两个方向上的K值大致相同。当任意方向的作用力施加于弹片上时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向大致相同，这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。当弹片应用于光学防抖时，能够减少或消除机械串扰，提高光学防抖性能。
应理解，本申请实施例中所述的至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称，可以理解为该至少一个弹片悬臂中的任意一个弹片悬臂旋转90°后都可以与另一个弹片悬臂重合。或者，如果将该至少一个弹片悬臂看做一个整体的话，该至少一个弹片悬臂为一个90°旋转对称图形，即将该至少一个弹片悬臂整体旋转90°后能够与自身重合。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片所述弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
弹片上第一方向和第二方向相互垂直且K值相差很小，当在弹片上施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向近似一致。这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。应理解，本申请实施例中，当弹片的机械串扰很小时，本申请实施例认为机械串扰很微弱，可以认为不存在机械串扰。
可选地，当弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈 值时，对应的，在所述弹片上施加作用力，弹片的运动方向与所述作用力方向之间的夹角数值小于预设角度。应理解，这里不考虑矢量方向。
可选地，所述预设角度为5°。
可选地，所述弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等。
弹片上第一方向和第二方向相互垂直且K值相等，当在弹片上施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片的运动方向均与作用力方向均一致。这样对弹片施加任意方向的作用力时均不存在机械串扰。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述第一方向和所述第二方向关于所述至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
也就是说，第一方向和第二方向的对称轴为至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片还包括与所述弹片主体相连接的夹爪，所述夹爪呈中心对称。
可选地，夹爪可以为翻折压片结构或者过盈孔结构。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括一个弹片悬臂，所述一个弹片悬臂呈封闭环形，其中所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
也就是说，当弹片包括一个弹片悬臂时，该一个弹片悬臂围绕弹片主体呈封闭环形。由于该一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，因此该一个弹片悬臂与弹片主体相连接的位置关于弹片悬臂的对称轴对称，或者位于弹片悬臂的对称轴上。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述弹片主体相连接。
也就是说，当弹片包括两个弹片悬臂时，该两个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，弹片悬臂的两端可以与弹片主体相连接，弹片悬臂两端之间的悬臂部分围绕弹片主体延伸。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述弹片主体相连接，所述至少两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端为自由端。
也就是说，当弹片包括两个弹片悬臂时，该两个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，弹片悬臂的两端可以是自由端，弹片悬臂两端之间的悬臂部分与弹片主体相连接。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。
也就是说，当弹片包括四个弹片悬臂时，该四个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，每个弹片悬臂的一端与弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。
也就是说，当弹片应用于SMA组件时，弹片悬臂的自由端用于与第一方面中的固定件相连接。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。
也就是说，当弹片包括四个弹片悬臂时，该四个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称。
可选地，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂的数量为M个，M为1，或者M为2的整数倍。
可选地，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，所述至少一个弹片悬臂的数量为M个，M为4的整数倍。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片主体的外缘呈方形或圆形。
弹片主体的外缘可以根据实际需求设计合适的形状。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个弹片悬臂绕所述弹片主体的外缘围成方形或圆形。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体为一体式，或者，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体为固定连接式。
第四方面，提供一种镜头模组，包括镜头组件和如上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的SMA组件，所述镜头组件与所述SMA组件相连接。
可选地，所述SMA组件中包括的弹片主体中心设置有通孔，所述镜头组件设置于所述通孔中。
第五方面，提供一种镜头模组，包括镜头组件和如上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的SMA组件，所述镜头组件与所述SMA组件相连接。
可选地，所述SMA组件中包括的弹片主体中心设置有通孔，所述镜头组件设置于所述通孔中。
第六方面，提供一种电子设备，包括如上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的SMA组件；或者，包括如上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的SMA组件。
第七方面，提供一种电子设备，包括如上述第四方面或者第五方面所述的镜头模组。
第八方面，提供一种弹片设计方法，包括：确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向，其中所述第一方向和所述第二方向为不存在机械串扰的方向；沿所述第一方向和所述第二方向的对称轴，将所述第一弹片翻转得到第二弹片；根据所述第一弹片和所述第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中所述第三弹片在所述第一方向上的K值和在所述第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述第一弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述第一弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
本申请实施例提供的弹片设计方法中，根据基础弹片或现有弹片可以设计出没有机械串扰的弹片结构，能够大大提升光学防抖性能。
应理解，本申请实施例中，不存在机械串扰的方向也包括机械串扰很小(例如力与弹片运动方向夹角数值在5°内所造成的机械串扰)的情况。因为机械串扰很微弱，可以忽略不计。
结合第八方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿所述第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与所述第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端；所述第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂中 的每个第二弹片悬臂与所述第二弹片主体相连接，并沿所述第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈轴对称。
结合第八方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向，包括：固定所述第一弹片悬臂的自由端，对所述第一弹片施加不同方向的作用力；确定所述第一弹片主体在所述不同方向的作用力下的位移方向；当所述第一弹片主体的位移方向与施加于所述第一弹片上的作用力方向相同时，确定所述作用力方向为所述第一方向和所述第二方向。
可选地，可以根据模型仿真或者实验方法第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向。
第九方面，提供一种弹片设计方法，包括：将第一弹片旋转90°得到第二弹片；根据所述第一弹片和所述第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中所述第三弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述第一弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述第一弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，所述K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
本申请实施例提供的弹片设计方法中，根据基础弹片或现有弹片可以设计出没有机械串扰的弹片结构，能够大大提升光学防抖性能。
结合第九方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿所述第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与所述第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端；所述第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂中的每个第二弹片悬臂与所述第二弹片主体相连接，并沿所述第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种镜头模组的示意性爆炸图；
图3是图2中的镜头模组的示意性剖面图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种SMA组件的示意性爆炸图；
图5是图4中的SMA组件的简化示意图；
图6是图5中的SMA组件仿真结果示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片仿真模型示意图；
图8是图7中的弹片仿真模型的仿真结果示意图；
图9是图7中的弹片仿真模型的仿真结果示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片设计方法的示意性流程图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片设计方法的示意性流程图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种弹片组件的示意性结构图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的弹片结构仿真结果示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
本申请实施例中所涉及的电子设备可以包括手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备。还可以包括蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、智能手机(smart phone)、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、平板型电脑、手提电脑、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端、销售终端(point of sales，POS)、摄像机、录像机、照相机、智能手表(smart watch)、智能手环(smart wristband)、车载电脑以及其他具有成像功能的电子设备等。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
此外，本申请中，“中心”、“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等方位术语是相对于附图中的部件示意放置的方位或位置来定义的，应当理解，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元器件必须具有的特定的方位、或以特定的方位构造和操作，其可以根据附图中部件所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化，因此不能理解为对本申请的限定。
还需说明的是，本申请实施例中以同一附图标记表示同一组成部分或同一零部件，对于本申请实施例中相同的零部件，图中可能仅以其中一个零件或部件为例标注了附图标记，应理解的是，对于其他相同的零件或部件，附图标记同样适用。
为方便理解，下面先对本申请实施例中所涉及的技术术语进行解释和描述。
光轴，为光学系统传导光线的方向，参考中心视场的主光线。对于对称透射系统，一般与光学系统旋转中心线重合。
焦点，与光轴平行的光线经透镜折射后的会聚点。
自动对焦(auto focus，AF)是利用被摄物体的光反射原理，将被摄物体反射的光经过镜头后在图像传感器上成像及接收，通过计算机处理后，带动电动对焦装置进行对焦。
光学防抖(optical image stabilization，OIS)是指在成像仪器例如手机或照相机中，通过光学元器件的设置，来避免或者减少捕捉光学信号过程中出现的仪器抖动现象，以提高成像质量。通常的一种做法是通过陀螺仪做抖动检测，然后通过OIS马达反方向平移或旋转整个镜头，补偿曝光期间因成像仪器抖动引起的图像模糊。
形状记忆效应(shape memory effect，SME)是指特定合金在高温下处理成一定的形状，然后冷却至低温马氏体相变状态后，将进行一定限度的塑性变形，然后再加热到高温母相状态时，又恢复到低温变形前形状的效应。
形状记忆合金(shape memory alloys，SMA)为具有形状记忆效应的合金。形状记忆合金中具有两种相：高温相奥氏体相，低温相马氏体相。形状记忆合金之所以具有变形恢 复能力，是因为变形过程中材料内部发生热弹性马氏体相变。根据不同的热力学载荷条件，形状记忆合金呈现出两种性能：形状记忆效应、伪弹性。形状记忆合金材料包括镍钛基形状记忆合金、铜基形状记忆合金、铁基形状记忆合金等。
伪弹性(pseudoelasticity)，又称超弹性(superelasticity)，表现为在外力作用下，形状记忆合金具有比一般金属大的多的变形恢复能力，即加载过程中产生的大应变会随着卸载而恢复。
中心对称：如果把一个图形绕着某个点旋转180°，能够与另一个图形重合，那么就说这两个图形关于这个点成中心对称，这个点叫做对称中心。对称点连线经过对称中心，且被对称中心平分。
中心对称图形，把一个图形绕着某个点旋转180°，如果旋转后的图形能够与原来的图形重合，那么这个图形叫做中心对称图形，这个点就是它的对称中心。
轴对称：如果把一个图形沿着某条直线翻折，能够与另一个图形重合，那么这两个图形关于这条线成轴对称，这条线叫做对称轴。对称点的连线被对称轴垂直平分。
轴对称图形：如果一个图形沿着某条直线对折(翻折)，直线两旁的部分能够互相重合，这个图形叫做轴对称图形，直线叫做它的对称轴。
旋转对称：在平面内，将一个图形绕着某个定点旋转一定的角度(小于周角)后能够与另一个图形重合，那么这两个图形成旋转对称。
旋转对称图形：在平面内，将一个图形绕着某一定点旋转一定的角度(小于周角)后能与自身重合，这种图形叫做旋转对称图形。旋转中心在图形的正中心。旋转角度的最小值是360°除以基本图案的个数。
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的示意图。电子设备100可以为具有摄像或拍照功能的设备，本申请实施例对电子设备100的具体形式不做特殊限制。以下为了方便说明和理解，是以电子设备100为手机为例进行的说明。示例性的，图1中的(a)和(b)分别示意性地示出了电子设备100的正面和背面。
如图1所示，电子设备100可以包括壳体101、显示屏(display panel，DP)102、镜头模组(camera compact module，CCM)103。
壳体101形成有容纳空间，用于布置电子设备100的各种零部件，壳体101还可以起到保护电子设备100和支撑整机的作用。显示屏102和镜头模组103设置于壳体101的容纳空间中，并与壳体101相连接。在一些实施例中，壳体101包括后盖和中框，显示屏102和镜头模组103可以固定于中框上。壳体101的材质可以是金属的、塑料的、陶瓷的或者玻璃的。
显示屏102可以为液晶显示(liquid crystal display，LCD)屏、有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)显示屏等，其中OLED显示屏可以为柔性显示屏或硬质显示屏。显示屏102可以是普通的规则屏幕，也可以为异形屏幕、折叠屏幕等，例如显示屏102可相对自由转动或折叠形成弧形、球形、圆柱等等。显示屏102可以设置于电子设备100的正面和/或背面。电子设备100的正面可以理解为用户使用该电子设备100时面向用户的一侧，电子设备100的背面可以理解为用户使用电子设备100时背向用户的一侧。
镜头模组103用于捕获静态图像或视频。镜头模组103设置于电子设备100的正面时，可用于拍摄位于电子设备100正面一侧的景象，在一些实施例中可以称之为前置摄像头。 镜头模组103设置于电子设备100的背面时，可用于拍摄位于电子设备100背面一侧的景象，在一些实施例中可以称之为后置摄像头。在拍摄时用户可以根据拍摄需求选择相应的镜头模组。镜头模组103可以用于拍摄不同距离例如远处、近处或微距的景象，本申请实施例不做特殊限定。
应理解，图1中镜头模组103的安装位置仅仅是示意性的。镜头模组103作为前置摄像头时，可以安装于电子设备100的正面上除显示屏102之外的任意位置，例如听筒的左侧、电子设备100的上部中间、电子设备100的下部(或称下巴)或者电子设备100的四个角落等。镜头模组103作为后置摄像头时，可以安装于电子设备100背面的任意位置上，例如左上角或右上角。在其他一些实施例中，镜头模组103还可以不设置在电子设备100的主体上，而设置在相对电子设备100的主体突出的边缘上，或者设置于相对电子设备100可移动或转动的部件上，该部件可以从电子设备100的主体上伸缩或旋转等。当镜头模组103相对电子设备100可以旋转时，镜头模组103相当于前置摄像头和后置摄像头，即通过旋转同一个镜头模组103既可以拍摄位于电子设备100正面一侧的景象，也可以拍摄位于电子设备100背面一侧的景象。在另一些实施例中，当显示屏101可以折叠时，镜头模组103可以随着显示屏102的折叠作为前置摄像头或作为后置摄像头。
本申请实施例对镜头模组103的设置个数不做限定，可以是一个、两个、四个甚至更多，例如可以在电子设备100正面设置一个或多个镜头模组103，和/或在电子设备100背面设置一个或多个镜头模组103。当设置多个镜头模组103时，该多个镜头模组103可以是完全相同的，也可以是不同的，例如该多个镜头模组103的透镜光学参数不同，透镜的设置位置不同，透镜的形态不同等。本申请实施例对多个镜头模组设置时的相对位置也不做任何限定。
可选地，电子设备100还可以包括用于保护镜头模组103的保护镜片104。保护镜片104设置于壳体101上，并覆盖镜头模组103。保护镜片104用于保护前置摄像头时，保护镜片104可以只覆盖前置镜头模组或覆盖电子设备100的整个正面。其中当保护镜片104覆盖电子设备100的整个正面时，可用于同时保护前置镜头模组和显示屏102，保护镜片104即为盖板玻璃(cover glass，CG)。保护镜片104用于保护后置摄像头时，保护镜片104可以覆盖电子设备100的整个背面，也可以只设置于后置镜头模组对应的位置上。保护镜片104的材质可以是玻璃、蓝宝石、陶瓷等，本申请实施例不做特殊限定。在一些实施例中，保护镜片104为透明的，电子设备100外部的光线能够通过保护镜片104进入镜头模组103中。
应理解，图1中示意的结构并不构成对电子设备100的具体限定，电子设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，例如电子设备100还可以包括电池、闪光灯、指纹识别模组、听筒、按键、传感器等元器件中的一种或多种，电子设备100也可以设置与图示不同的部件布置方式。
图2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种镜头模组的示意性爆炸图。图3示出了图2中的镜头模组的示意性剖面图。镜头模组200可以是图1中的镜头模组103的一种示例性结构。下面结合图2和图3对镜头模组200的结构做简要介绍。
为方便描述，以下定义镜头模组200的光轴方向为Z方向，光轴方向上的被摄物体方向侧为前侧，与被摄物体相背的方向侧为后侧。垂直于光轴的第一方向为X方向，垂直于 光轴和第一方向的第二方向为Y方向。在X和Y方向上靠近光轴的方向为内侧，与光轴相背的方向为外侧。同样的，X、Y、Z方向和前、后、内、外侧的定义同样适用于后文将要描述的各幅附图。需要说明的是，上述对X、Y、Z方向和前、后、内、外侧的定义仅仅是为了方便描述本申请实施例中的各零部件之间的位置关系和连接关系，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。
如图所示，镜头模组200可以包括外壳210、镜头组件220、自动对焦(auto focus，AF)组件230、光学防抖(optical image stabilization，OIS)组件240和图像传感器组件250。
镜头组件220主要包括光学镜头211和镜筒212，镜头组件220用于将物侧的景物成像于像侧的成像面上。光学镜头211可以包括至少一个透镜，该至少一个透镜可以是不同的，也可以是相同的。该至少一个透镜可以包括固体透镜和/或液体透镜。其中固体透镜可以是用透明物质例如塑胶(plastic)、玻璃(glass)制成的表面为球面一部分的光学元件，其具有固定的透镜参数。液体透镜是一种使用一种或多种液体制成的无机械连接的光学元件，其透镜参数可以通过外部控制实现动态调整。本申请实施例中对光学镜头211包括的透镜个数不做具体限定，本领域技术人员根据实际需求可以相应设置透镜个数，例如1个、2个、3个、5个、8个或者更多，也可以根据实际需求设置固体透镜和/或液体透镜的组合方式，在此不作更多描述。
光学镜头211的焦距可以是固定的，则镜头组件220为定焦镜头；光学镜头211的焦距也可以进行调节，则镜头组件220为变焦镜头。例如通过调整光学镜头211的各透镜之间的相对位置、调整液体透镜的折射率、改变液体透镜的表面形状(曲率)等可以实现光学镜头211的焦距的调节。
镜筒212形成有容纳空间，主要用于收容光学镜头211。镜筒212可以是一个整体，光学镜头211收容于该整体的镜筒212中，但光学镜头211的透镜之间的相对位置可以通过其他的结构进行调整。镜筒212也可以包括多个镜筒部分，光学镜头211的透镜分组设置于该多个镜筒部分中，该多个镜筒部分之间的相对位置可以进行调整，从而实现透镜之间的相对位置的调整。因此应理解，图2和图3中的镜筒212的结构、光学镜头211与镜筒212的连接方式等仅仅是示例性的，对本申请实施例不造成任何限定。
AF组件230用于实现自动对焦。如图3所示，AF组件230与镜头组件220中的镜筒212相连接，在自动对焦过程中，AF组件230可以推动镜筒212沿光轴上下运动，从而改变光学镜头211的光心到成像面的距离(即改变像距)，以获得清晰的图像。应理解，图中仅示意性表示AF组件230所在的位置，对AF组件230的具体结构不造成任何限定。
OIS组件240用于实现光学防抖。如图3所示，OIS组件240与镜头组件220中的镜筒212相连接，在光学防抖过程中，OIS组件240可以带动镜筒212沿垂直光轴方向运动，从而使光学镜头211的焦点偏离光轴，以获得清晰的图像。应理解，图中仅示意性地表示SMA组件240所在的位置，对SMA组件240的具体结构不造成任何限定。
本申请实施例中，AF组件230可以称为AF马达，OIS组件可以称为OIS马达。在一些实施例中，镜头模组200可以包括AF马达和/或OIS马达，即镜头模组200可以实现自动对焦和/或光学防抖。在一些实施例中，镜头模组200中也可以将AF马达和SMA马达集成于一体，由一个马达同时实现自动对焦和光学防抖。本申请实施例仅以镜头模组 200包括AF马达和OIS马达两个组件为例进行说明，但应理解，本申请实施例不限于此。
传感器组件250设置于镜头组件210的后侧，主要用于成像。具体地，传感器组件250可以包括滤光片(例如红外截止滤光片或滤掉其他的光波段的滤光片)、传感器、线路板等。其中，红外截止滤光片可以消除投射到传感器上的不必要的光线，防止传感器在成像时出现鬼影、杂光和偏色等问题。传感器是一种半导体芯片，表面包含有几十万到几百万的光电二极管，受到光照射时，会产生电荷，通过模数转换器芯片转换成数字信号。传感器可以是电荷耦合元件(charge coupled device，CCD)，也可以是互补金属氧化物导体器件(complementary metal-oxide semiconductor，CMOS)。线路板可以是柔性电路板(flexible printed circuit，FPC)或印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)，用于传输电信号。其中，FPC可以是单面柔性板、双面柔性板、多层柔性板、刚柔性板或混合结构的柔性电路板等。
外壳210形成有内腔，用于收容镜头组件220、AF组件230、OIS组件240等。另外，外壳210也可以起到保护和支撑作用。图中外壳210的结构仅仅是示例性的，对本申请实施例不造成任何限定，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要相应设计外壳210的形状。
镜头模组200还可以包括连接器、以及周边电子元件等元件(图中未示出)，在此不再一一详述。
随着电子设备技术的不断发展，用户对电子设备的摄像功能尤其是光学防抖要求也越来越高。目前常用的OIS驱动装置包括音圈马达(voice coil motor，VCM)式、形状记忆合金(shape memory alloys，SMA)式、VCM-SMA式、压电式、步进马达式等。其中SMA式OIS装置、VCM-SMA式OIS装置因使用了SMA技术来驱动镜头实现光学防抖，相比VCM式OIS装置，其具有驱动体积小、效率高、速度快、功耗低、声音小等诸多优点。并且采用SMA技术的OIS装置具有比VCM式OIS装置更大的承载力、不产生磁场干扰等优点，可以应用于带动比较重的镜头实现光学防抖，同时可以实现双摄中基准较小时的双OIS功能。本申请实施例中的技术方案主要应用于采用SMA技术实现光学防抖的OIS装置中。
采用SMA技术的OIS装置的工作原理主要是用镍钛合金做成非常细(例如直径25微米)的金属丝，然后在金属丝内通入电流，这样金属丝被微电流加热就会快速地发生形变，产生的驱动力能够带动镜头旋转或平移，实现光学防抖。
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的一种SMA组件的示意性爆炸图。为便于理解，图5示出了图4中的SMA组件在垂直光轴方向的平面上的简化示意图。SMA组件300可以是图2中的OIS组件240的一例，即SMA组件300用于实现光学防抖。参考图4和图5，SMA组件300包括弹片31、SMA线32、固定件33等。
弹片31包括弹片主体311和至少一个弹片悬臂312。该至少一个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂312从弹片主体311上伸出，并沿弹片主体311边缘延伸。弹片悬臂312的一端与所述弹片主体311相连，另一端与固定件33相连。示例性的，如图4中所示，弹片悬臂312的末端设置有接触部312a，该接触部312a用于与固定件33相连。该至少一个弹片悬臂为中心对称图形，该至少一个弹片悬臂旋转180°后仍与自身重合。示例性的，该至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，该两个弹片悬臂成中心对称。
弹片31还包括与弹片主体311相连接的两个可动夹爪313，该两个可动夹爪313成 中心对称。可动夹爪313用于固定SMA线32的一端。示例性的，弹片主体31大体呈方形，可动夹爪313可以位于弹片主体311的对角线上。可动夹爪313可以是翻折压片结构或者过盈孔结构，本申请实施例不做限定，只要能够将SMA线的一端固定即可。
弹片主体311上还设置有通孔314，用于光线通过以到达传感器组，该通孔314还用于与例如图2所示的镜头组件相连，从而当弹片主体314运动时可以带动镜头组件一起运动件。通孔314设置于弹片主体311的中心位置。应理解，弹片主体311的中心位置、通孔314的圆心均位于镜头的光轴上。
本申请实施例中弹片31可以为片状弹簧，其可以采用铜合金、锡青铜、锌白铜、铍青铜、硅锰钢等材料制成，本申请实施例不做限定。弹片31上设置的可动夹爪313为可导电材料。
固定件33上设置有呈中心对称的两个固定夹爪331，固定夹爪331用于固定SMA线的另一端。固定夹爪331可以是翻折压片结构或者过盈孔结构，本申请实施例不做限定，只要能够将SMA线的另一端固定即可。固定件33上的两个固定夹爪331与弹片主体311上设置的两个可动夹爪313在垂直光轴方向的平面上，呈十字交叉型。两个固定夹爪331与两个可动夹爪313可以近似看成四边形的四个角，固定夹爪331与可动夹爪313围绕弹片主体311交错分布。
固定件33上还设置有通孔332，用于光线通过以到达传感器组件。通孔314设置于固定件33的中心位置。
本申请实施例中，固定件33可以是金属板、绝缘板或者印刷电路板等，其中固定夹爪331为可导电材料。本申请实施例对固定件33的形状不做具体限定，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要对其进行相应设计。
SMA组件300包括四条SMA线32。以其中一条SMA线为例，SMA线32的一端固定于弹片主体311上设置的可动夹爪313上，另一端固定于固定件33上设置的固定夹爪331上，SMA线悬空且与其他零部件保持一定距离。参考图5中的SMA线32a、32b、32c、32d，四条SMA线可以位于同一平面上，在弹片31的外部围成四边形，SMA线可近似看成四边形的四条边。SMA具有形状记忆效应、高阻尼、高驱动应力应变、高能量密度、较高能效、较低动作频率以及相变诱发塑性等特性。因此，SMA线32具有感知和驱动的双重功能，能产生较大的可逆形状响应应力和应变。
本申请实施例中，固定件33的位置相对固定，在以下描述中，将其视为不动件。弹片悬臂312的一端与固定件33固定连接，在以下描述中，将其视为弹片31的固定端。弹片主体311以及可动夹爪313相对弹片悬臂312的固定端可运动，在以下描述中，将其视为弹片31的运动端。以一条SMA线为例，SMA线32的一端与固定件33上的固定夹爪331连接，另一端与弹片31上的可动夹爪313连接。因此，SMA线32与固定夹爪331连接的一端为固定端，与可动夹爪313连接的一端为运动端(或称自由端)。当在SMA线中通入电流后，通过改变电流大小可以改变SMA线的温度，使得SMA线对外输出力或位移，从而带动镜头运动。
本申请实施例中，固定件33和弹片主体311上可以设置导电迹线，以用于电流流通。具体地，是否要设置导电迹线以及如何设置导线迹线可以根据固定件33实际采用的材料、固定件33的形状、弹片31的形状相应确定，在此不做更多限定。
固定夹爪331和弹片悬臂312的接触部312a固定，二者可以固定于同一部件例如钢片或印刷电路板上，二者也可以固定于不同部件上，本申请实施例不做限定。固定夹爪331与弹片31的固定端与印刷电路板电连接(包括直接或间接电连接)。当SMA线32通电时，电流可以从印刷电路板流经固定夹爪331、SMA线32、可动夹爪314、弹片悬臂314，最后经由弹片悬臂314的固定端流回印刷电路板。
SMA组件300实现光学防抖的原理如下：当电子设备发生抖动时，电子设备内的用于检测电子设备姿态的传感器例如陀螺仪等可以输出电子设备的抖动角速度信号。电子设备内的处理器获取到该信号后可以控制SMA线上电流的大小，SMA线发生收缩或伸长，从而控制弹片31的运动端(包括弹片主体311和可动夹爪313)运动。弹片31上搭载有镜头组件(例如图2中的镜头组件220)，弹片31会带动镜头组件沿垂直光轴方向(即X和/或Y方向)动作以追踪电子设备的抖动，从而抵消电子设备抖动对成像带来的影响，实现光学防抖。
具体地，在光学防抖过程中，通过对X方向和Y方向上的两组SMA线通电可以分别实现两个方向上的OIS动作，两个方向需要做反馈控制，使得镜头位置与电子设备根据抖动角速度所确定的需求位置保持一致。上述提到，SMA具有感知和驱动的双重功能，当SMA电流发生变化时，SMA线的长度、线径会发生变化，进而引起SMA的电阻变化。通过获取四条SMA线的电阻值，可以获知镜头当前的位置，该位置与根据抖动角速度所解算出的需求位置作差可以得到反馈控制的误差信号。电子设备内的驱动芯片通过控制算法使误差信号为零，例如进一步调整通入SMA线的电流，可以实现对镜头位置的闭环控制。
本申请实施例中，光学防抖主要是通过SMA线32通电与弹片31的弹性形变的配合实现。但在实际应用中，由于弹片本身结构的限制，在控制过程中会出现机械串扰效应(crosstalk效应)。即当一个方向上的OIS关闭，只进行另一个方向的OIS动作时，镜头非OIS动作的方向会发生抖动。
具体地，图6示出了对图5所示的SMA组件进行仿真的示意图。其中，图中的实线表示弹片运动端中心在Y方向的位移量，虚线表示弹片运动端中心在X方向上的位移量。应理解，本申请实施中的弹片运动端包括弹片主体和在弹片主体上设置的可动夹爪，弹片运动端搭载镜头，因此弹片运动端中心与镜头中心对应。还应理解，图中横纵坐标的数值仅仅示例性的，对本申请实施例不造成任何限定。
如图6中的(a)所示，本申请实施例仅对图5所示的SMA组件中SMA线32a通电(SMA线32b、32c、32d不通电)，即仅对Y方向的一条SMA线通电，其余三条SMA线不通电。从图中可以看出，弹片运动端中心不仅在Y方向上运动，在X方向上也发生位移，弹片运动端中心在X方向上的位移量约为在Y方向上位移量的12％。换言之，在进行Y方向的OIS时，X方向出现了机械串扰。同理，如图6中的(b)所示，本申请实施例仅对图5所示的SMA组件中的SMA线32c通电(SMA线32a、32b、32d不通电)，即仅对X方向的一条SMA线通电，其余三条SMA线不通电。从图中可以看出，弹片运动端中心不仅在X方向上运动，在Y方向上也发生了位移，弹片运动端中心在Y方向上的位移量约为在X方向上位移量的12％。换言之，在进行X方向的OIS时，在Y方向出现了机械串扰。
可以理解，在对SMA组件中的单条SMA线通电时，虽然会产生机械串扰，但由于其余未通电的SMA线对弹片具有约束作用，因而机械串扰效应会有所减小。为了得到弹片自身所导致的串扰效应，下面实施例中去除SMA线，仅对弹片进行仿真。
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的一种弹片仿真模型示意图。如图7所示，SMA组件去除SMA线，弹片悬臂312的一端与弹片主体311相连，另一端固定，在可动夹爪313上施加不同方向的作用力，可以得到不同方向的作用力与弹片运动端中心位移方向(即弹片运动方向)之间的关系。应理解，去除SMA线后，在可动夹爪313上施加的作用力等效于SMA线对可动夹爪313施加的作用力。
需要说明的是，当在弹片的可动夹爪上施加作用力时，该作用力可以等效为一个施加于弹片中心的相同的作用力和一个使弹片旋转的弯矩。由于该弯矩引起弹片的旋转与机械串扰无关，因此本申请实施例中不关心该弯矩造成的弹片旋转，只关心该作用力引起的弹片中心的平移。
为方便描述，将在可动夹爪313上施加的作用力记为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000001
其中
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000002
与X正向的夹角记为α 1，α 1为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000003
相对X正向逆时针方向旋转的角度，也即力的方向，α 1的范围为[0°,360°]。将弹片运动端中心的位移记为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000004
其中
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000005
与X正向的夹角记为α 2，α 2为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000006
相对X正向逆时针方向旋转的角度，也即弹片运动方向，α 2的范围为[0°,360°]。将
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000007
与
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000008
之间的夹角记为α，
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000009
其中位移矢量
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000010
相对作用力矢量
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000011
顺时针旋转时，记α为负，位移矢量
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000012
相对作用力矢量
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000013
逆时针旋转时，记α为正，α的范围为[-180°,180°]。
图8示出了图7中的弹片仿真模型的仿真结果示意图。如图8所示，横坐标为施加于弹片(具体为可动夹爪)上的作用力的方向，纵坐标为作用力与弹片位移方向之间的夹角。从图中可以看出，当在弹片上施加不同方向的作用力时，只有在四个方向上作用力与位移之间的夹角为0(即作用力的方向与弹片运动方向一致)，而在其他方向上，力的作用方向与弹片运动端中心的运动方向都不一致，即发生机械串扰。表1示出了图8中部分特殊方向的数据。
表1
力的方向(α 1) 0° 90° 180° 270° 45° 135° 225° 315°
位移方向(α 2) 325° 125° 145° 305° 45° 135° 225° 315°
力与位移的夹角(α) -35° 35° -35° 35° 0° 0° 0° 0°
从图8和表1中可以看出，对于图7所示的弹片仿真模型来说，当在弹片的可动夹爪上施加方向为0°、90°、180°、270°(即单条SMA线的拉力方向)，弹片运动端中心的位移方向与作用力方向不一致，存在机械串扰。这就导致在X方向或Y方向关闭OIS，只进行另一方向的OIS动作时，镜头的非OIS方向会发生抖动。在实际控制过程中，虽然X、Y两个方向都在进行反馈控制，可以通过改善算法抑制上述机械串扰，但该串扰会使系统传递函数变得复杂，加大控制难度。通过控制算法只能减弱串扰效应，但不能从根本上解决。实际应用中出现的OIS串扰现象，严重影响OIS性能(即压缩比)。
本申请实施例将提供一种弹片设计方法和根据该弹片设计方法得到的弹片结构，可以显著减弱或消除机械串扰。
从图8和表1中可以看出，对于图7所示的弹片仿真模型来说，在约45°、135°、 225°、315°方向，即两个相互垂直的方向上对弹片的可动夹爪施加作用力时，力的方向与弹片运动端中心的位移方向一致。其实，对于大多数弹片结构而言，其都存在两个相互垂直的方向(本申请实施例中记为第一方向和第二方向)，在这两个方向上施加作用力时不存在机械串扰，即在这两个方向上施加作用力时，弹片的运动方向与作用力方向相同。
对于弹片本身而言，任意一个方向均存在一个K值，本申请实施例中的K值表示的是在小变形情形下，弹片受到的作用力的大小与弹片在该作用力方向上的位移大小之比，单位为牛顿/米(N/m)。弹片在上述两个相互垂直的方向上存在两个K值，假设弹片在第一方向的K值为K 1，弹片在第二方向的K值为K 2。其中，K 1表示的是施加在第一方向上的作用力大小与弹片运动端中心在第一方向的位移大小之比，K 2表示的是施加在第二方向上的作用力大小与弹片运动端中心在第二方向的位移大小之比。对于图7所示的弹片仿真模型来说，其第一方向和第二方向如图9中的虚线所示，第一方向为45°-225°方向，第二方向为135°-315°方向。
参考图9，由于施加于弹片可动夹爪上的任意方向的作用力都可以分解到上述第一方向和第二方向上(即无机械串扰的方向)，容易知道当K 1＝K 2时，弹片运动端中心的位移方向始终与施加的作用力的方向保持一致，因此在弹片的可动夹爪上施加任意方向的作用时都不存在机械串扰。而当K 1≠K 2时，只在第一方向和第二方向上施加作用力时，弹片运动端中心的位移方向始终与施加的作用力的方向保持一致，因此在弹片的可动夹爪上施加第一方向的作用力或施加第二方向的作用力时不存在机械串扰。
具体而言，假定施加在弹片可动夹爪上的作用力为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000014
分解在第一方向上的作用力大小为F 1，
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000015
分解在第二方向上的作用力大小为F 2。假定弹片运动端中心的位移为
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000016
分解在第一方向上的位移大小为D 1，
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000017
分解在第二方向上的位移大小为D 2。当K 1＝K 2时，F 1/D 1＝F 2/D 2，可以得到F 1/F 2＝D 1/D 2，这样第一方向上的分力F 1与第二方向上的分力F 2合成得到合力
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000018
第一方向上的分位移D 1与第二方向上的分位移D 2合成得到合位移
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000019
与
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000020
方向相同。当K 1≠K 2时，只有当
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000021
在第一方向或第二方向上时，
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000022
在另外一个方向上的分力为0，弹片运动端中心沿
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000023
的方向运动，弹片运动端中心的位移方向与施加的作用力的方向保持一致，因此在弹片的可动夹爪上施加第一方向的作用力或施加第二方向的作用力时不存在机械串扰。当
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000024
的方向不在第一方向或第二方向时，
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000025
分解于第一方向和第二方向上，F 1/D 1≠F 2/D 2，可以得到F 1/F 2≠D 1/D 2，这样第一方向上的分力F 1与第二方向上的分力F 2合成得到合力
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000026
第一方向上的分位移D 1与第二方向上的分位移D 2合成得到合位移
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000027
与
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000028
方向不相同，则存在机械串扰。特别地，当K 1与K 2差异较大时，机械串扰明显，严重影响OIS性能。
根据以上原理分析，本申请实施例提供一种弹片设计方法，可以基于现有弹片得到新的弹片结构，该新的弹片结构本身不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。
图10示出了本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图。
如图10所示，图10中的(a)所示的弹片与图9中的弹片相同，其在第一方向501上的K值为K 1，在第二方向502上的K值为K 2。图10中的(b)所示的弹片与图10中的(a)所示的弹片呈轴对称，即图10中的(b)所示的弹片由图10中的(a)所示的弹片以第一方向501和第二方向502的对称轴为轴翻转得到，其在第一方向501上的K值为K 2，在第二方向502上的K值为K 1。为了使第一方向501上的K值与第二方向502上的 K值相等，根据图10中的(a)和(b)所示的弹片可以得到图10中的(c)所示的弹片41。
参考图10中的(c)所示的弹片，弹片41包括弹片主体411和至少一个弹片悬臂412，该至少一个弹片悬臂412中的每个弹片悬臂与弹片主体411相连接，并沿弹片主体411的外缘延伸。该至少一个弹片悬臂412呈轴对称。弹片41包括相互垂直的第一方向501和第二方向502，弹片41在第一方向501上的K值等于在第二方向502上的K值，其中K值为弹片41受到的作用力的大小与弹片41在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。示例性的，根据图10中的(a)和(b)所示的弹片，可以得到弹片41在第一方向501上的K值为(K 1+K 2)，在第二方向502上的K值也为(K 1+K 2)。弹片41在相互垂直的两个方向上的K值相等，这样在弹片41施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片41的运动方向与作用力的方向都一致，可以减少或消除机械串扰效应。
应理解，在实际弹片结构设计中，弹片41在第一方向和第二方向上的K值不一定完全相等，由于工艺误差、加工误差等，当弹片41在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值时也可以实现减小机械串扰的效果。即弹片41在第一方向和第二方向上的K值接近或相差很小时，当在弹片41施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片的运动方向与力的方向夹角很小，例如小于5°，仅产生微弱的机械串扰。
为了方便理解，本申请以下实施例均以弹片在第一方向和第二方向上的K值相等为例进行说明。但应理解，本申请实施例中，弹片在第一方向上的K值与在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值，对应的理解，当在弹片上施加作用力时，弹片的运动方向与作用力方向之间的夹角数值(不考虑方向)小于预设角度。
可选地，该预设角度为5°。
本申请实施例中，至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，可以理解为该至少一个弹片悬臂中的任意一个弹片悬臂沿对称轴翻折都可以与另一个弹片悬臂重合。或者，如果将该至少一个弹片悬臂看做一个整体的话，该至少一个弹片悬臂为一个轴对称图形，即将该至少一个弹片悬臂整体翻转180°后能够与自身重合。本申请实施例中，弹片应用于SMA马达时，至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴与光轴垂直，并与光轴相交。
应理解，本申请实施例中，上述第一方向501和第二方向502的对称轴与该至少一个弹片悬臂412的对称轴相同。因此也可以说上述第一方向501和第二方向502关于该至少一个弹片悬臂412的对称轴对称。这样，弹片41在第一方向501和第二方向502上的K值等于弹片31在两个无机械串扰方向上的K值之和。
可选地，弹片41还包括与弹片主体411相连接的夹爪413，夹爪413呈中心对称。示例性的，弹片41包括两个夹爪413，该两个夹爪413位于弹片主体411在第一方向501或第二方向502上的相对侧。应理解夹爪413的位置需要根据第一方向501和第二方向502确定，对于不同结构的弹片31，其无机械串扰方向不同，仿真得到的第一方向501和第二方向502可能与图9得到的方向不同，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据实际的弹片31的结构，相应确定弹片41的夹爪位置和夹爪数量，本申请实施例不做更多限定。
本申请实施例中，夹爪413的数量可以为多个，多个夹爪呈中心对称，可以理解为多个夹爪中的任意一个夹爪旋转180°后都可以与另一个夹爪重合。或者，如果将该多个夹爪看做一个整体的话，该多个夹爪为中心对称图形，即将该多个夹爪整体旋转180°后能够 与自身重合。
可选地，弹片悬臂412可以位于夹爪413的上方，也可以位于夹爪413的下方，具体可根据实际情况确定。例如图10中的(c)所示，弹片主体411在夹爪413处可以呈翘曲状，使夹爪413与弹片主体411在不同平面，这样弹片悬臂412可以从夹爪413上方或下方穿过而不发生干涉。
可选地，弹片主体411的中心设置有通孔414。通孔414的圆心可以与第一方向501和第二方向502的交点重合。
可选地，弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411可以是一体式的，即弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411为一体成型。弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411也可以是固定连接式的，即弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411是通过焊接等方式固定连接的。
相应地，本申请实施例提供的弹片41应用于SMA组件时，图4所示的SMA组件300中的弹片31可以替换为弹片图10所示的弹片41。
本申请实施例提供一种SMA组件，该SMA组件包括固定件(例如图4中的固定件33)、弹片(例如图10所示的弹片41)和形状记忆合金SMA线。SMA线的一端与固定件相连接，另一端与弹片相连接。弹片(例如图10所示的弹片41)包括弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂，该至少一个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂与弹片主体相连接，并沿弹片主体的外缘延伸，弹片悬臂在延伸部分的预定位置与固定件相连。该至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称。应理解，弹片悬臂与固定件相连接的位置具体可以根据弹片悬臂的结构、数量相应确定，预定位置可以为弹片悬臂的末端，也可以为弹片悬臂的中间位置或其他位置。
可选地，弹片41还包括与弹片主体411相连接的可动夹爪(例如图10中的夹爪413)，该可动夹爪呈中心对称。该固定件可以包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪。在固定件上设置的固定夹爪与在弹片主体上设置的可动夹爪交错分布。示例性的，SMA线的一端与固定夹爪相连接，另一端与可动夹爪相连接。
可选地，在固定件上设置的固定夹爪的数量可以为2个，在弹片主体上设置的可动夹爪的数量可以为2个。这样两个固定夹爪和两个可动夹爪可以构成四边形的四个角，相邻的一个固定夹爪和一个可动夹爪之间连接有一条SMA线，可以实现镜头在一个方向上的移动。但应理解，固定夹爪的数量和可动夹爪的数量还可以为其他数量，例如3个、4个、6个等，这样交错分布的固定夹爪和可动夹爪围绕弹片主体可以形成六边形、八边形、十二边形等的顶角。任意相邻的固定夹爪和可动夹爪之间连接有SMA线，该SMA线可以实现镜头在一个方向上的移动。
应理解，本申请实施例中，一个可动夹爪(或固定夹爪)可以固定两根SMA线。例如一个可动夹爪(或固定夹爪)包括两个翻折压片，每个翻折压片可以固定一根SMA线。
本申请实施例中弹片所包括的至少一个弹片悬臂的数量可以为1个、2个、4个或者更多个。以下结合附图描述弹片悬臂的具体形式。
作为一个示例，参考图10中的(c)，弹片41包括一个弹片悬臂412，该一个弹片悬臂412围绕弹片主体411延伸形成封闭环形。其中该一个弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411相连接的位置401a、401b的连线为该一个弹片悬臂412的对称轴，和/或，该一个弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411相连接的位置401a、401b关于该一个弹片悬臂412的对称轴对称。示例性的，从图10中看该一个弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411相连接的位置401a、401b的连 线穿过通孔414的圆心，也即穿过虚线所示的第一方向501和第二方向502的交点。由于弹片悬臂412为轴对称图形，其包括两条对称轴。针对X方向的对称轴来说，弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411相连接的位置401a、401b关于弹片悬臂412的对称轴对称；针对Y方向的对称轴来说，弹片悬臂412与弹片主体411相连接的位置401a、401b的连线为弹片悬臂412的对称轴。
相应地，参考图10中的(d),当弹片41应用于SMA组件中时，弹片悬臂412与固定件相连接的位置402a、402b的连线为弹片悬臂412的对称轴，和/或，弹片悬臂412与固定件相连接的位置402a、402b关于弹片悬臂412的对称轴对称。示例性的，从图10中看该一个弹片悬臂412与固定件相连接的位置402a、402b的连线穿过通孔414的圆心，也即穿过虚线所示的第一方向501和第二方向502的交点。由于弹片悬臂412为轴对称图形，其包括两条对称轴。针对X方向的对称轴来说，弹片悬臂412与固定件相连接的位置402a、402b的连线为弹片悬臂412的对称轴；针对Y方向的对称轴来说，弹片悬臂412与固定件相连接的位置402a、402b关于弹片悬臂412的对称轴对称。
作为另一个示例，参考图11中的(a)，弹片41包括两个弹片悬臂412a和412b，两个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，其中弹片悬臂412a的两端401a、401b与弹片主体411相连接，弹片悬臂412b的两端401c、401d与弹片主体411相连接。
相应地，参考图11中的(b),当弹片41应用于SMA组件中时，该两个弹片悬臂412a和412b的中间位置与固定件相连接。弹片悬臂412a与固定件相连接的位置402a与弹片悬臂412b与固定件相连接的位置402b关于Y方向的对称轴对称。
作为另一个示例，参考图11中的(c)，弹片41包括两个弹片悬臂412a和412b，两个弹片悬臂呈轴对称，其中弹片悬臂412a和412b的中间位置与弹片主体411相连接，弹片悬臂412a和412b的两端为自由端。示例性的，如图所示，弹片悬臂412a的中间位置401a与弹片主体411相连接，弹片悬臂412a的两端402a和402b为自由端。弹片悬臂412b的中间位置401b与弹片主体411相连接，弹片悬臂412b的两端402c和402d为自由端。
相应地，参考图11中的(d),当弹片41应用于SMA组件中时，该两个弹片悬臂412a和412b的中间位置与弹片主体411相连接，该两个弹片悬臂412a和412b的两端与固定件相连接。换言之，弹片悬臂412a的两个自由端402a和402b与固定件相连接，弹片悬臂412b的两个自由端402c和402d与固定件相连接。
作为又一个示例，参考图11中的(e)，弹片41包括四个弹片悬臂412a、412、412c、412d，该四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端(例如401a、401b、401c、401d)与弹片主体411相连接，另一端(例如402a、402b、402c、402d)为自由端。示例性的，如图所示，以弹片悬臂412a为例，弹片悬臂412a的固定端401a与弹片主体411相连，弹片悬臂412a的另一端为自由端402a。
相应地，参考图11中的(f),当弹片41应用于SMA组件中时，该四个弹片悬臂412a、412、412c、412d中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与弹片主体411相连接，另一端与固定件相连接。换言之，四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的自由端402a、402b、402c、402d与固定件相连。
应理解，本申请实施例中弹片所包括的弹片悬臂的数量和结构形式仅仅是示例性的，在其他一些实施例中，弹片还可以包括其他数量的弹片悬臂，例如包括2的整数倍个弹片 悬臂等，只要保证所有弹片悬臂呈轴对称即可。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需求相应设计弹片悬臂的数量，相邻两个弹片悬臂之间的距离以及弹片悬臂的具体结构形式等，在此不再一一详述。
综上，本申请实施例提供一种弹片设计方法，根据该弹片设计方法得到的弹片结构不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。图12示出了本申请实施例提供的弹片设计方法的示意性流程图。如图12所示，该方法600包括步骤610至步骤630。
610，确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向，其中该第一方向和该第二方向为不存在机械串扰的方向。
示例性的，该第一弹片可以为例如图7所示的弹片31，或者为其他结构形式的存在机械串扰的弹片。
本申请实施例中第一方向和第二方向为不存在机械串扰的方向。应理解，当在某个方向对弹片施加作用力时，弹片的运动方向与作用力的方向大致相同，认为该方向即为不存在机械串扰的方向。即本申请实施例中，不存在机械串扰的方向也包括存在微弱机械串扰时，因其很微弱，可以忽略不计。
示例性地，确定第一弹片上的第一方向和第二方向可以采用如图7所示的方法，将第一弹片的结构简化为弹片仿真模型，然后对第一弹片(具体地可以对第一弹片上的可动夹爪)施加不同方向的作用力，确定出弹片运动方向与与作用力方向夹角为0时的方向，即可以确定第一方向和第二方向。
在其他一些实施例中，也可以通过实验方法确定第一弹片上的第一方向和第二方向。
620，沿第一方向和第二方向的对称轴，将第一弹片翻转得到第二弹片。
第一方向和第二方向的对称轴有两条，因此可以沿着任意一条对称轴将第一弹片翻转。得到的第二弹片与第一弹片为轴对称图形，并且，第二弹片与第一弹片交换了第一方向上的K值和第二方向上的K值。
630，根据第一弹片和第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中第三弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于第一弹片在第一方向上的K值与第一弹片在第二方向上的K值之和，K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
应理解，本申请实施例中的第一方向和第二方向可以理解为是绝对方向。在步骤630中，根据第一弹片和第二弹片设计第三弹片时主要是设计第三弹片的弹片悬臂的结构形式。
可选地，第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，该至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。示例性地，第一弹片可以为如图10中(a)所示的弹片31。
可选地，第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，该至少一个第二弹片悬臂中的每个第二弹片悬臂与第二弹片主体相连接，并沿第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，该至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈轴对称。示例性地，第三弹片可以为如图10中(c)所示的弹片41，或者如图11中所示的弹片41。
可选地，在步骤610中，根据仿真确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向， 具体可以包括：固定第一弹片悬臂的自由端，对第一弹片施加不同方向的作用力；确定第一弹片主体在不同方向的作用力下的位移方向；当第一弹片主体的位移方向与施加于第一弹片上的作用力方向相同时，确定该作用力方向为第一方向和第二方向。
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的一种弹片的示意性结构图。
如图13所示，图13中的(a)所示的弹片与图9中的弹片相同，其在第一方向501上的K值为K 1，在第二方向502上的K值为K 2。图13中的(b)所示的弹片与图13中的(a)所示的弹片呈90°旋转对称，即图13中的(b)所示的弹片是图13中的(a)所示的弹片绕Z轴旋转90°得到，其在第一方向501上的K值为K 2，在第二方向502上的K值为K 1。为了使第一方向501上的K值与第二方向502上的K值相等，根据图13中的(a)和(b)所示的弹片可以得到图13中的(c)所示的弹片41。
参考图13中的(c)所示的弹片，弹片41包括弹片主体411和至少一个弹片悬臂412，该至少一个弹片悬臂412中的每个弹片悬臂与弹片主体411相连接，并沿弹片主体411的外缘延伸。该至少一个弹片悬臂412呈90°旋转对称。弹片41包括相互垂直的第一方向501和第二方向502，弹片41在第一方向501上的K值等于在第二方向502上的K值。示例性的，根据图13中的(a)和(b)所示的弹片，可以得到弹片41在第一方向501上的K值为(K 1+K 2)，在第二方向502上的K值也为(K 1+K 2)。弹片41在相互垂直的两个方向上的K值相等，这样在弹片41施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片41的运动方向与作用力的方向都一致，可以减少或消除机械串扰效应。
本申请实施例中，至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称，可以理解为该至少一个弹片悬臂中的任意一个弹片悬臂旋转90°后都可以与另一个弹片悬臂重合。或者，如果将该至少一个弹片悬臂看做一个整体的话，该至少一个弹片悬臂为一个90°旋转对称图形，即将该至少一个弹片悬臂整体旋转90°后能够与自身重合。本申请实施例中，弹片应用于SMA马达时，至少一个弹片悬臂的旋转轴为光轴。
可选地，弹片41还包括与弹片主体411相连接的夹爪413，夹爪413呈中心对称。示例性的，弹片41包括两个夹爪413，该两个夹爪413位于弹片主体411在第一方向501或第二方向502上的相对侧。应理解夹爪413的位置需要根据第一方向501和第二方向502确定，对于不同结构的弹片31，其无机械串扰方向不同，仿真得到的第一方向501和第二方向502可能与图9得到的方向不同，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据实际的弹片31的结构，相应确定弹片41的夹爪位置和夹爪数量，本申请实施例不做更多限定。
可选地，弹片悬臂412可以位于夹爪413的上方，也可以位于夹爪413的下方，具体可根据实际情况确定。例如图13中的(c)所示，弹片主体411在夹爪413处可以呈翘曲状，使夹爪413与弹片主体411在不同平面，这样弹片悬臂412可以从夹爪413上方或下方穿过而不发生干涉。
可选地，弹片主体411的中心设置有通孔414。通孔414的圆心可以与第一方向501和第二方向502的交点重合。
相应地，本申请实施例提供的弹片41应用于SMA组件时，图4所示的SMA组件300中的弹片31可以替换为弹片图13所示的弹片41。
本申请实施例提供一种SMA组件，该SMA组件包括固定件(例如图4中的固定件33)、弹片(例如图13所示的弹片41)和形状记忆合金SMA线。SMA线的一端与固定 件相连接，另一端与弹片相连接。弹片(例如图13所示的弹片41)包括弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂，该至少一个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂与弹片主体相连接，并沿弹片主体的外缘延伸，弹片悬臂在延伸部分的预定位置与固定件相连。该至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称。应理解，弹片悬臂与固定件相连接的位置具体可以根据弹片悬臂的结构、数量相应确定，预定位置可以为弹片悬臂的末端，也可以为弹片悬臂的中间位置或其他位置。
应理解，本申请实施例中该至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称，则相邻两个弹片悬臂中其中一个弹片悬臂可以由另一个弹片悬臂旋转90°得到。
可选地，弹片41还包括与弹片主体411相连接的可动夹爪(例如图13中的夹爪413)，该可动夹爪呈中心对称。该固定件可以包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪。在固定件上设置的固定夹爪与在弹片主体上设置的可动夹爪交错分布。示例性的，SMA线的一端与固定夹爪相连接，另一端与可动夹爪相连接。
可选地，在固定件上设置的固定夹爪的数量和在弹片主体上设置的可动夹爪的数量相等，分别可以为2个、3个、4个、6个等等，这样交错分布的固定夹爪和可动夹爪围绕弹片主体可以近似为多边形的角。任意相邻的固定夹爪和可动夹爪之间连接有SMA线，该SMA线可以实现镜头在一个方向上的移动。
本申请实施例中弹片所包括的至少一个弹片悬臂的数量可以为4个、8个或者更多个。以下结合附图描述弹片悬臂的具体形式。
作为一个示例，参考图13中的(c)，弹片41包括四个弹片悬臂412a、412、412c、412d，该四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与弹片主体411相连接，另一端为自由端。示例性的，如图所示，以弹片悬臂412a为例，弹片悬臂412a的固定端401a与弹片主体411相连，弹片悬臂412a的另一端为自由端402a。
相应地，参考图13中的(d),当弹片41应用于SMA组件中时，该四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与弹片主体411相连接，另一端与固定件相连接。换言之，四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的自由端与固定件相连。
应理解，本申请实施例中弹片所包括的弹片悬臂的数量和结构形式仅仅是示例性的，在其他一些实施例中，弹片还可以包括其他数量的弹片悬臂，例如包括4的整数倍个弹片悬臂等，只要保证所有弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称即可。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需求相应设计弹片悬臂的数量，相邻两个弹片悬臂之间的距离以及弹片悬臂的具体结构形式等，在此不再一一详述。
综上，本申请实施例提供另一种弹片设计方法，根据该弹片设计方法得到的弹片结构不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰。图14示出了本申请实施例提供的弹片设计方法的示意性流程图。如图14所示，该方法700包括步骤710和步骤720。
710，将第一弹片旋转90°得到第二弹片。
示例性的，该第一弹片可以为例如图7所示的弹片31，或者为其他结构形式的存在机械串扰的弹片。
720，根据第一弹片和第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中第三弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于第一弹片在第一方向上的K值与第一弹片在第二方向上的K值之和，第一方向和第二方向相互垂直，K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与弹片在该作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
应理解，本申请实施例中的第一方向和第二方向可以理解为是绝对方向。在步骤720中，根据第一弹片和第二弹片设计第三弹片时主要是设计第三弹片的弹片悬臂的结构形式。本申请实施例中，将第一弹片旋转90°得到第二弹片，第一弹片和第二弹片相当于交换了第一方向和第二方向的K值。
可选地，第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。示例性地，第一弹片可以为如图13中(a)所示的弹片31。
可选地，第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，至少一个第二弹片悬臂中的每个第二弹片悬臂与第二弹片主体相连接，并沿第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，该至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称。示例性地，第三弹片可以为如图13中(c)所示的弹片41。
可选地，本申请实施例中弹片的弹片主体可以呈方形(例如图10或图13中所示)、圆形、多边形、不规则图形等，本申请实施例不做具体限定。应理解，弹片悬臂沿弹片主体边缘延伸时，弹片悬臂的形状可以随弹片主体的形状相应调整变化。
图15示出了本申请实施例提供的一种弹片结构示意图。如图15中的(a)所示，弹片41与图10中(c)所示的弹片41类似，不同之处在于，图15中的(a)所示的弹片主体411大致呈圆形。至少一个弹片悬臂412围绕弹片主体411四周设置，弹片悬臂412大致呈环形。其余结构以及弹片应用于SMA组件中的连接关系类似于图10中的(c)和(d)，至少一个弹片悬臂412呈轴对称，具体可参考图10中的相关描述，在此不再赘述。应理解，类似于图11中所示的弹片，当弹片主体大致呈圆形时，根据弹片所包括的弹片悬臂数量的不同，弹片悬臂可以呈弧形、半圆、折线形、曲线形等，本申请实施例不做任何限定。
如图15中的(b)所示，弹片41与图13中(c)所示的弹片41类似，不同之处在于，图15中的(b)所示的弹片主体411大致呈圆形。至少一个弹片悬臂412围绕弹片主体411四周设置，每个弹片悬臂412大致呈弧形，多个弹片悬臂412围成大致圆形。其余结构以及弹片应用于SMA组件中的连接关系类似于图13中的(c)和(d)，至少一个弹片悬臂412呈90°旋转对称，具体可参考图13中的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
总而言之，本申请实施例提供的弹片中，弹片主体的外缘可以呈多边形(例如方形)、圆形或其他形状。本申请实施例提供的弹片，单个弹片悬臂可以呈弧形、半圆、折线形、曲线形、方形或其他形状，至少一个弹片悬臂绕弹片主体延伸可以围成多边形、圆形或其他形状。
本申请实施例中可以通过一个优化的弹片减少或消除光学防抖中的机械串扰，也可以通过多个弹片组合减少或消除OIS过程中的机械串扰。
图16示出了本申请实施例提供的一种弹片组件的示意性结构图。
如图16所示，图16中的(a)所示的弹片31a与图9中的弹片相同，其在第一方向501上的K值为K 1，在第二方向502上的K值为K 2。图16中的(b)所示的弹片31b与图16中的(a)所示的弹片31a呈轴对称，即图16中的(b)所示的弹片31b由图16中的(a)所示的弹片31a以第一方向501和第二方向502的对称轴为轴翻转得到，其在第 一方向501上的K值为K 2，在第二方向502上的K值为K 1。
参考图16中的(c)所示，弹片组件301包括上弹片31a和下弹片31b，下弹片31b可以是由上弹片31a翻转180°得到。上弹片31a和下弹片31沿Z轴(即光轴方向)相隔设置。应理解，图中弹片组件中的上下弹片的相对位置仅仅是示意性地，不应理解为对本申请的限定。
对于弹片组件301整体而言，弹片组件301包括相互垂直的第一方向501和第二方向502，弹片组件301在第一方向501上的K值和在第二方向502上的K值相等，且等于上弹片31a在第一方向501上的K值与上弹片31a在第二方向502上的K值之和。这样弹片组件301在第一方向501上的K值为(K 1+K 2)，在第二方向502上的K值也为(K 1+K 2)。弹片组件301在相互垂直的两个方向上的K值相等，这样在弹片组件301上施加任意方向的作用力时，弹片组件301的运动方向与作用力的方向都一致，可以减少或消除机械串扰效应。
可选地，在一些其他实施例中，下弹片31b也可以由上弹片31a旋转90°得到，其形成的弹片组件具有上述相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
相应地，本申请实施例提供一种SMA组件，该SMA组件包括：固定件，弹片组件(例如图16所示的弹片组件301)和SMA线，SMA线的一端与固定件相连接，另一端与弹片组件相连接。弹片组件包括上弹片和下弹片，下弹片可以由上弹片翻转或旋转90°得到。其中，上弹片包括弹片主体和弹片悬臂，所述弹片悬臂一端与弹片主体相连接，另一端与固定件相连接。
可选地，上弹片还包括与弹片主体相连接的可动夹爪，所述可动夹爪呈中心对称。固定件包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪，所述固定夹爪与所述可动夹爪交错分布。所述SMA线的一端与所述可动夹爪相连接，另一端与所述固定夹爪相连接。
在一些实施例中，上弹片和下弹片可以分别对应各自的固定件。也就是说，电子设备中用于实现OIS的组件可以包括上SMA组件和下SMA组件。上SMA组件包括上弹片，与上弹片对应的上固定件，以及在上弹片和上固定件之间连接的SMA线。同理，下SMA组件包括下弹片，与下弹片对应的下固定件，以及在下弹片和下固定件之间连接的SMA线。上SMA组件和下SMA组件可以分别控制OIS。在一些实施例中，将上SMA组件与下SMA组件中对应位置的SMA线通入相同电流，则上SMA组件和下SMA组件可以实现如图10中的(c)和(d)以及图13中的(c)和(d)中的弹片41的类似效果。
在一些实施例中，上弹片和下弹片可以对应同一个固定件，与上弹片和下弹片相连接的SMA线均与该一个固定件相连接。示例性的，该一个固定件上设置的固定夹爪的数量可以是上弹片设置的可动夹爪数量的2倍。
应理解，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要对与弹片组件相连接的固定件进行相应设计，本申请实施例仅做示例性说明，不应理解为对本申请的限定。
图17示出了本申请实施例提供的弹片结构仿真效果示意图。如图17所示，横坐标为施力方向，纵坐标为作用力方向与弹片运动端中心位移方向的夹角，曲线801可以表示图7所示的弹片结构的仿真效果，曲线802可以表示图10或图13中的弹片41的仿真效果。从图中可以看出，曲线802比曲线801的在纵坐标的波动明显减小。也就是说，弹片41的机械串扰现象明显改善。表2示出了几个特殊方向的数据。
表2
Figure PCTCN2020089295-appb-000029
从表中可以看出，优化后的弹片41的机械串扰现象有90％的改善。残余的机械串扰是由于实际仿真过程中的弹片形状比图中简化的弹片仿真模型复杂，可能不能完全满足两个无机械串扰方向交换重合。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中仅以一种基础弹片例如图7所示的弹片31对本申请提供的技术方案进行示例性说明。对于其他结构形式的基础弹片，根据本申请实施例提供的弹片设计方法或者弹片组合结构，可以得到其他形式的弹片或弹片组件，这样的弹片或弹片组件不存在机械串扰或仅存在微弱的机械串扰，能够提升光学防抖性能。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”“相连”“连接”应做广义理解，例如可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体式连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中具体含义。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种形状记忆合金SMA组件，其特征在于，包括：固定件、弹片和形状记忆合金SMA线，
    所述SMA线的一端与所述固定件相连接，另一端与所述弹片相连接；
    所述弹片包括弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂；
    其中，所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接，并沿所述弹片主体的外缘延伸；
    所述弹片悬臂在延伸部分的预定位置与所述固定件相连接；
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述第一方向和所述第二方向关于所述至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，
    所述弹片还包括与所述弹片主体相连接的可动夹爪，所述可动夹爪呈中心对称；
    所述固定件包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪，所述固定夹爪与所述可动夹爪交错分布；
    所述SMA线的一端与所述可动夹爪相连接，另一端与所述固定夹爪相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括一个弹片悬臂，所述一个弹片悬臂呈封闭环形，
    其中，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称；
    其中，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述固定件相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述固定件相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述弹片主体相连接，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述固定件相连接；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述弹片主体相连接，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述固定件相连接；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述弹片主体的外缘呈方形或圆形。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂绕所述弹片主体的外缘围成方形或圆形。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述固定件为金属板和/或印刷电路板。
  11. 一种SMA组件，其特征在于，包括：固定件，弹片组件和SMA线，
    所述SMA线的一端与所述固定件相连接，另一端与所述弹片组件相连接；
    所述弹片组件包括上弹片和下弹片，所述下弹片由所述上弹片翻转或旋转90°得到；
    其中，所述上弹片包括弹片主体和弹片悬臂，所述弹片悬臂一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端与所述固定件相连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述弹片组件在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述上弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述上弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，
    所述上弹片还包括与所述弹片主体相连接的可动夹爪，所述可动夹爪呈中心对称；
    所述固定件包括呈中心对称的固定夹爪，所述固定夹爪与所述可动夹爪交错分布；
    所述SMA线的一端与所述可动夹爪相连接，另一端与所述固定夹爪相连接。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的SMA组件，其特征在于，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
  15. 一种镜头模组，其特征在于，包括镜头组件和如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的SMA组件，所述镜头组件与所述SMA组件相连接。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的SMA组件；或者，包括如权利要求15所述的镜头模组。
  17. 一种弹片，其特征在于，包括：弹片主体和至少一个弹片悬臂，
    所述弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接，并沿所述弹片主体的外缘延伸；
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称或90°旋转对称。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值之间的差值小于预设阈值，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，其中所述K值为所述弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，所述第一方向和所述第二方向关于所述至少一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述弹片还包括与所 述弹片主体相连接的夹爪，所述夹爪呈中心对称。
  21. 根据权利要求17至20中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述弹片主体的中心设置有通孔。
  22. 根据权利要求17至21中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈轴对称时，
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括一个弹片悬臂，所述一个弹片悬臂呈封闭环形，其中所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置的连线为所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴，和/或，所述一个弹片悬臂与所述弹片主体相连接的位置关于所述一个弹片悬臂的对称轴对称；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端与所述弹片主体相连接；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括两个弹片悬臂，所述两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的中间位置与所述弹片主体相连接，所述至少两个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的两端为自由端；
    或者，所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。
  23. 根据权利要求17至21中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称时，
    所述至少一个弹片悬臂包括四个弹片悬臂，所述四个弹片悬臂中的每个弹片悬臂的一端与所述弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端。
  24. 根据权利要求17至23中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述弹片主体的外缘呈方形或圆形。
  25. 根据权利要求17至24中任一项所述的弹片，其特征在于，所述至少一个弹片悬臂绕所述弹片主体的外缘围成方形或圆形。
  26. 一种弹片设计方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第一方向和第二方向，其中所述第一方向和所述第二方向为不存在机械串扰的方向；
    沿所述第一方向和所述第二方向的对称轴，将所述第一弹片翻转得到第二弹片；
    根据所述第一弹片和所述第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中所述第三弹片在所述第一方向上的K值和在所述第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述第一弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述第一弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿所述第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与所述第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端；
    所述第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂中的每个第二弹片悬臂与所述第二弹片主体相连接，并沿所述第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈轴对称。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一弹片上相互垂直的第 一方向和第二方向，包括：
    固定所述第一弹片悬臂的自由端，对所述第一弹片施加不同方向的作用力；
    确定所述第一弹片主体在所述不同方向的作用力下的位移方向；
    当所述第一弹片主体的位移方向与施加于所述第一弹片上的作用力方向相同时，确定所述作用力方向为所述第一方向和所述第二方向。
  29. 一种弹片设计方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将第一弹片旋转90°得到第二弹片；
    根据所述第一弹片和所述第二弹片设计第三弹片，其中所述第三弹片在第一方向上的K值和在第二方向上的K值相等，且等于所述第一弹片在所述第一方向上的K值与所述第一弹片在所述第二方向上的K值之和，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直，所述K值为弹片受到的作用力的大小与所述弹片在所述作用力方向上的位移大小之比。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一弹片包括第一弹片主体和至少一个第一弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第一弹片悬臂中的每个第一弹片悬臂沿所述第一弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述每个第一弹片悬臂的一端与所述第一弹片主体相连接，另一端为自由端；
    所述第三弹片包括第二弹片主体和至少一个第二弹片悬臂，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂中的每个第二弹片悬臂与所述第二弹片主体相连接，并沿所述第二弹片主体的外缘延伸，所述至少一个第二弹片悬臂呈90°旋转对称。
PCT/CN2020/089295 2019-05-22 2020-05-09 弹片设计方法及弹片、sma组件、镜头模组和电子设备 WO2020233418A1 (zh)

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