WO2020228023A1 - 电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃 - Google Patents

电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020228023A1
WO2020228023A1 PCT/CN2019/087281 CN2019087281W WO2020228023A1 WO 2020228023 A1 WO2020228023 A1 WO 2020228023A1 CN 2019087281 W CN2019087281 W CN 2019087281W WO 2020228023 A1 WO2020228023 A1 WO 2020228023A1
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Prior art keywords
electric heating
heating film
mixture
manufacturing
auxiliary agent
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PCT/CN2019/087281
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李圣根
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信义汽车玻璃(深圳)有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/087281 priority Critical patent/WO2020228023A1/zh
Publication of WO2020228023A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020228023A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the technical field of laminated glass, and in particular relates to a method for manufacturing an electric heating film, an electric heating film, and an electric heating laminated glass.
  • the driver In rain, snow, and frost, the driver usually needs to heat the rear glass of a motor vehicle to eliminate the frost and fog attached to the rear glass.
  • the rear glass In the prior art, the rear glass is usually made of laminated glass, and heating wires are arranged between the two glass plates of the laminated glass to generate heat when energized to eliminate frost and fog.
  • the heating wire can effectively heat the rear glass of the car
  • the realization process of this heating method is more complicated, and only an experienced operator can manually arrange the wire, which will result in poor product quality. Stable and low production efficiency.
  • First aspect provide a method for manufacturing an electric heating film to solve the problem of unstable product quality and low production efficiency of automobile rear glass equipped with heating wire in the prior art technical problem.
  • an electric heating film is provided to solve the technical problem of safe and reliable heating of automobile rear glass in the prior art.
  • a method for manufacturing an electric heating film which includes the following steps:
  • S1 Provide PVB resin powder and transparent conductive material, and premix the PVB resin powder and the transparent conductive material to form a first mixture;
  • S2 Provide an extruder, and put the first mixture into the extruder for extrusion processing
  • S3 Provide a plasticizer, and add the plasticizer to the first mixture after extrusion processing to form a second mixture;
  • S4 Provide a functional auxiliary agent and a viscosity auxiliary agent, add the functional auxiliary agent and the viscosity auxiliary agent to the second mixture, and form an electric heating film through rolling treatment.
  • step S4 is specifically:
  • step S5 is further included after the step S4:
  • the electric heating film is subjected to water cooling treatment.
  • the cooling temperature of the air cooling treatment is 21°C to 23°C.
  • the cooling temperature of the overwater cooling treatment is 23°C-25°C.
  • the temperature at the opening of the lip of the casting die of the extruder is 100°C to 170°C.
  • the temperature at the opening of the salivation die lip is 110°C to 140°C.
  • the width of the opening gap of the salivation die lip is 0.5mm ⁇ 1.5mm.
  • the width of the opening gap is 0.7 mm to 1 mm.
  • the functional auxiliary agent and the viscosity auxiliary agent account for 0.3% to 0.7% of the electric heating film.
  • the functional auxiliary agent is a mixture of an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber.
  • the antioxidant accounts for 0.1% to 0.5% of the electric heating film.
  • the ultraviolet absorber accounts for 0.1% to 0.4% of the electric heating film.
  • an electric heating film is provided, which is prepared by the following steps:
  • S1 Provide PVB resin powder and transparent conductive material, and premix the PVB resin powder and the transparent conductive material to form a first mixture;
  • S2 Provide an extruder, and put the first mixture into the extruder for extrusion processing
  • S3 Provide a plasticizer, and add the plasticizer to the first mixture after extrusion processing to form a second mixture;
  • S4 Provide a functional auxiliary agent and a viscosity auxiliary agent, add the functional auxiliary agent and the viscosity auxiliary agent to the second mixture, and form the electric heating film through a rolling process.
  • an electrically heated laminated glass which is prepared by the following steps:
  • S2 providing a first glass plate and a second glass plate, and stacking the first glass plate, the electric heating film and the second glass plate in sequence to form a laminate;
  • the manufacturing method of the electric heating film provided in the embodiments of the application is implemented by pre-mixing the PVB resin powder and the transparent conductive material to form the first mixture, and then adding the first mixture to the extrusion Extrusion treatment is carried out in the machine, and the first mixture after the extrusion treatment is mixed with the plasticizer to form the second mixture. Then the second mixture is mixed with the functional additives and the viscosity additives, and then is pressed The treatment forms an electric heating film. Due to the existence of the transparent conductive material, when the electric heating film is energized, the transparent conductive material in the electric heating film can be energized and generate heat, thereby realizing the overall heating of the electric heating film.
  • the electric heating film when the electric heating film is applied to the rear glass of the automobile, the whole rear glass of the automobile can be heated. Since automobile glass is mostly laminated glass, the electric heating film can be applied to the rear glass of the automobile by sandwiching the two glass plates of the laminated glass, so that the electric heating film is applied to the rear glass of the automobile. Simple and easy to implement, and the product quality stability and production efficiency have been significantly improved.
  • the beneficial effects of the electric heating film provided by the embodiments of the present application are: the electric heating film provided by the embodiments of the present application is made by using the above-mentioned method steps, so that when power is applied, the transparent conductive material inside can be energized and generate heat. In this way, the energized heating performance is realized, and the electric heating film can be attached to external glass products such as the rear glass of the automobile, so as to realize safe and reliable heating of the glass products.
  • the beneficial effects of the energized heating laminated glass provided by the embodiments of the present application are: the energized heating laminated glass provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the above-mentioned electric heating film, and the electric heating film can generate heat when it is energized. Heating laminated glass can achieve uniform heating of the whole when energized, and can be effectively applied to window areas such as automobile rear glass that need to be heated to eliminate frost and fog.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing an electric heating film provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing step S3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an implementation method of step S32 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing an electrically heated laminated glass according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of energized heating laminated glass provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of this application, “multiple” means two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing an electric heating film, which includes the following steps:
  • the transparent conductive material may be a nano-scale transparent conductive material, and specifically may be zinc oxide-graphene powder.
  • the light transmittance of the transparent conductive material formed by zinc oxide-graphene powder can reach 40%-50%. Therefore, the electric heating film 12 can be made to have sufficient light transmittance, and the laminated glass containing the electric heating film 12 is translucent, so that it can be used on the rear glass of an automobile.
  • S2 Provide an extruder, and put the first mixture into the extruder for extrusion processing.
  • the first mixture can be extruded in an extruder to form a molten fluid, and the molten fluid is passed through a filter to remove impurities to facilitate subsequent addition of formulations.
  • the extrusion process of the first mixture is performed under a high temperature and high pressure environment.
  • auxiliary agent may include plasticizers, functional auxiliary agents, and other auxiliary agents that improve the flexibility and functionality of the electric heating film 12.
  • the manufacturing method of the electric heating film provided in the embodiment of the application will be further described below: the manufacturing method of the electric heating film provided in the embodiment of the application, during implementation, the PVB resin powder and the transparent conductive material are pre-mixed to form the first mixture , Then the first mixture is added to the extruder for extrusion processing, the first mixture that has been extruded is then mixed with a plasticizer to form a second mixture, and then the second mixture is combined with functional additives and After the viscosity additives are mixed, the electric heating film 12 is formed by rolling treatment, the thickness of which is preferably 0.76 mm, the water content is 0.35% to 0.45%, and the surface roughness is 25 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m.
  • the transparent conductive material due to the existence of the transparent conductive material, when the electric heating film 12 is energized, the transparent conductive material therein can be energized and generate heat, thereby realizing the overall heating of the electric heating film 12. Then, when the electric heating film 12 is applied to the rear glass of an automobile, it can heat the rear glass of the automobile as a whole. Since automobile glass is mostly laminated glass, the electric heating film 12 can be applied to the rear glass of the automobile by being sandwiched between the two glass plates of the laminated glass, so that the electric heating film 12 is applied to the rear glass of the automobile It has become simple and easy, and the product quality stability and production efficiency have been significantly improved.
  • step S3 is specifically:
  • the auxiliary agent includes a plasticizer, and the plasticizer is added to the first mixture after the extrusion process to form the second mixture.
  • the plasticizer may be a 3GO plasticizer (triethylene glycol diisocaprylate) containing a conductive factor and the like.
  • the auxiliary agent also includes other auxiliary materials such as functional auxiliary agent and viscosity auxiliary agent.
  • the functional auxiliary agent and viscosity auxiliary agent are added to the second mixture and the electric heating film 12 is formed by rolling.
  • the functional auxiliary agent may be a mixture of an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber. So that the electric heating film 12 has the functions of anti-oxidation and anti-ultraviolet rays.
  • the functional auxiliary agent can also adjust its formulation components according to the different functional requirements of the electric heating film 12.
  • the auxiliary agent include a plasticizer
  • the addition of the plasticizer can significantly increase the flexibility and elongation at break and the programmed processing temperature of the electric heating film 12, and improve the forming and processing characteristics of the electric heating film 12, thereby This makes the electric heating film 12 easier to be formed by roll forming.
  • the auxiliary agent include a viscosity auxiliary agent, the viscosity of the melt of the electric heating film 12 can be reduced, and the production energy consumption and production cost of the electric heating film 12 can be reduced, and the electric heating film 12 can be more easily formed.
  • the viscosity aid may be metal salts such as metal terephthalate.
  • the proportion of the viscosity aid in the electric heating film 12 may be 0.003% to 0.005%. It can be 0.003%, 0.0031%, 0.0032%, 0.0033%, 0.0034%, 0.0035%, 0.0036%, 0.0037%, 0.0038%, 0.0039%, 0.0040%, 0.0041%, 0.0042%, 0.0043%, 0.0044%, 0.0045% , 0.0046%, 0.0047%, 0.0048%, 0.0049%, 0.0050%.
  • step S32 is specifically:
  • S322 Adding the viscosity aid to the third mixture, mixing uniformly, and forming an electric heating film 12 through a rolling process.
  • the functional additives and viscosity additives are added step by step, so that after the functional additives are uniformly mixed in the second mixture, the viscosity additives are added, which will help the functional additives and viscosity additives in the electricity
  • the uniformity of the distribution in the heating film 12 ensures that the performance of each part of the electric heating film 12 is consistent.
  • step S4 is further included after step S3:
  • the electric heating film 12 is subjected to water cooling treatment. Specifically, by cooling the electric heating film 12, the surface temperature of the electric heating film 12 can be reduced as quickly as possible, so that the internal structure of the electric heating film 12 becomes stable as soon as possible.
  • the cooling treatment methods include air cooling and overwater cooling.
  • the surface temperature of the electric heating film 12 is within a preset temperature range, it can be air-cooled.
  • the surface temperature of the electric heating film 12 exceeds the preset temperature range, it can be quickly cooled by water to reduce its temperature as soon as possible.
  • it can also be It has been water cooled.
  • the cooling temperature of the air cooling process is 21°C to 23°C.
  • the cooling temperature of the air cooling treatment can be: 21°C, 21.1°C, 21.2°C, 21.3°C, 21.4°C, 21.5°C, 21.6°C, 21.7°C, 21.8°C, 21.9°C, 22°C, 22.1°C, 22.2°C , 22.3°C, 22.4°C, 22.5°C, 22.6°C, 22.7°C, 22.8°C, 22.9°C or 23°C.
  • the cooling temperature of the overwater cooling treatment is 23°C-25°C.
  • the water cooling temperature can be: 23°C, 23.1°C, 23.2°C, 23.3°C, 23.4°C, 23.5°C, 23.6°C, 23.7°C, 23.8°C, 23.9°C, 24°C, 24.1°C, 24.2°C, 24.3°C , 24.4°C, 24.5°C, 24.6°C, 24.7°C, 24.8°C, 24.9°C or 25°C.
  • the water cooling temperature can be set higher than the air cooling temperature to reduce water cooling energy consumption.
  • the temperature at the opening of the lip of the extruder is 100°C to 170°C.
  • the temperature at the opening of the salivation die lip can be 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C, 145°C, 150°C, 155°C, 160°C, 165°C or 170°C.
  • the temperature at the opening of the salivation die lip is 110°C to 140°C.
  • the temperature at the opening of the salivation die lip can be preferably 110°C ⁇ 140°C, so that while ensuring the internal tissue activity of the first mixture, it also avoids damage to the interior of the first mixture due to excessively high temperature at the opening. organization.
  • the width of the opening gap of the salivation die lip is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the opening gap width may be 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, 1.0mm, 1.05mm, 1.1mm, 1.15mm, 1.2mm, 1.25mm, 1.3mm, 1.35mm, 1.40mm, 1.45mm or 1.5mm.
  • the thickness of the extruded first mixture can be ensured to be uniform, which in turn also ensures that the thickness of the finally formed electric heating film 12 is uniform, and that it is sandwiched between the two glass plates.
  • the laminated glass it has enough thickness to ensure the bonding strength between the two glass plates.
  • the width of the opening gap is 0.7 mm to 1 mm.
  • the width of the opening gap may preferably be 0.7 mm to 1 mm. In this way, while ensuring the bonding strength between the finally formed electric heating film 12 and the two glass plates, it also limits the thickness of the electric heating film 12, thereby ensuring that the thickness of the finally formed laminated glass is as thin as possible.
  • the functional auxiliary agent is a mixture of an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber.
  • the electric heating film 12 added with the functional auxiliary agent can not only have electric heating properties, but also have oxidation resistance and UV protection Performance, which delays the aging of the electric heating film 12 when exposed to sunlight.
  • the laminated glass with the electric heating film 12 has a certain anti-ultraviolet performance.
  • the antioxidant accounts for 0.2% to 0.4% of the electric heating film 12.
  • the proportion of antioxidants can be 0.2%, 0.21%, 0.22%, 0.23%, 0.24%, 0.25%, 0.26%, 0.27%, 0.28%, 0.29%, 0.30%, 0.31%, 0.32%, 0.33 %, 0.34%, 0.35%, 0.36%, 0.37%, 0.38%, 0.39%, 0.4%.
  • the ultraviolet absorber accounts for 0.2% to 0.3% of the electric heating film 12.
  • the ultraviolet absorber can account for 0.2%, 0.21%, 0.22%, 0.23%, 0.24%, 0.25%, 0.26%, 0.27%, 0.28%, 0.29%, or 0.30%.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electric heating film 12, which is prepared by the following steps:
  • S1 Provide PVB resin powder and transparent conductive material, and pre-mix PVB resin powder and transparent conductive material to form the first mixture;
  • S2 Provide an extruder, and put the first mixture into the extruder for extrusion processing
  • S3 Provide a plasticizer, and add the plasticizer to the first mixture after extrusion to form a second mixture;
  • S4 Provide functional additives and viscosity additives, add the functional additives and viscosity additives to the second mixture, and form an electric heating film 12 after rolling.
  • the electric heating film 12 provided by the embodiment of the present application is made by adopting the above method steps, so that when it is energized, the transparent conductive material inside can be energized and generate heat, thus achieving its energized heating performance, and the electric heating film 12 It can be attached to external glass products such as automobile rear glass to realize safe and reliable heating of glass products.
  • this application also provides an electrically heated laminated glass, which is prepared by the following steps:
  • S2 Provide a first glass plate 11 and a second glass plate 13, and stack the first glass plate 11, the electric heating film 12, and the second glass plate 13 in order to form a laminated body 10;
  • S3 The laminated body 10 is heated and pressurized to form an electrically heated laminated glass.
  • the energized heating laminated glass provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the above-mentioned electric heating film 12, and the electric heating film 12 can generate heat when energized, so that the energized heating laminated glass can be heated evenly when energized. Furthermore, it can be effectively applied to window areas such as automobile rear glass that need to be heated to eliminate frost.

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Abstract

一种电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃，电加热膜的制造方法包括以下步骤：S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；S2：提供挤压机，将第一混合料放入挤压机内进行挤压处理；S3：提供辅助剂，将辅助剂添加入挤压处理后的第一混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜（12）。当电加热膜（12）应用于汽车后档玻璃时，即可对汽车的后档玻璃实现加热。

Description

电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃 技术领域
本申请属于夹层玻璃技术领域，尤其涉及一种电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃。
 背景技术
在雨雪霜冻天气中，驾驶员通常需要对机动车的后档玻璃进行加热，以消除附着在后档玻璃上的霜雾。现有技术中，后档玻璃通常由夹层玻璃制成，发热金属丝排布于夹层玻璃的两玻璃板之间，以通电发热，消除霜雾。
然而，发热金属丝虽可实现对汽车后档玻璃的有效加热，但这种加热方式的实现工艺较为复杂，且仅能依靠有经验的操作者来人工排布丝线，如此便会导致产品质量不稳定，生产效率低下。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的在于：第一方面：提供一种电加热膜的制造方法，用以解决现有技术中的装设发热金属丝的汽车后档玻璃的产品质量不稳定，生产效率低下的技术问题。
第二方面，提供一种电加热膜，用以解决现有技术中对汽车后档玻璃安全可靠加热的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，提供了一种电加热膜的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将所述PVB树脂粉和所述透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；
S2：提供挤压机，将所述第一混合料放入所述挤压机内进行挤压处理；
S3：提供增塑剂，将所述增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中以形成第二混合料；
S4：提供功能助剂和粘度助剂，将所述功能助剂和所述粘度助剂添加入所述第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜。
进一步地，所述步骤S4具体为：
S41：提供所述功能助剂，将所述功能助剂添加入所述第二混合料中混合均匀以形成第三混合料；
S42：提供所述粘度助剂，将所述粘度助剂添加入所述第三混合料中混合均匀并经辊压处理形成所述电加热膜。
进一步地，在所述步骤S4之后还包括步骤S5：
将所述电加热膜进行空冷冷却处理；
或者，将所述电加热膜进行过水冷却处理。
进一步地，所述空冷冷却处理的冷却温度为21℃~23℃。
进一步地，所述过水冷却处理的冷却温度为23℃~25℃。
进一步地，所述挤压机的流涎模唇的开口处温度为100℃~170℃。
进一步地，所述流涎模唇的开口处温度为110℃~140℃。
进一步地，所述流涎模唇的开口间隙的宽度为0.5mm~1.5mm。
进一步地，所述开口间隙的宽度为0.7mm~1mm。
进一步地，所述功能助剂和所述粘度助剂在所述电加热膜中占比0.3％~0.7％。
进一步地，所述功能助剂为抗氧剂和紫外线吸收剂的混合物。
进一步地，所述抗氧剂在所述电加热膜中占比0.1％~0.5％。
进一步地，紫外线吸收剂在所述电加热膜中占比0.1％~0.4％。
第二方面，提供了一种电加热膜，由以下步骤制得：
S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将所述PVB树脂粉和所述透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；
S2：提供挤压机，将所述第一混合料放入所述挤压机内进行挤压处理；
S3：提供增塑剂，将所述增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中以形成第二混合料；
S4：提供功能助剂和粘度助剂，将所述功能助剂和所述粘度助剂添加入所述第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成所述电加热膜。
第三方面，提供了一种通电加热夹层玻璃，由以下步骤制得：
S1：提供上述的电加热膜；
S2：提供第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板，将所述第一玻璃板、所述电加热膜和所述第二玻璃板依序叠加形成层叠体；
S3：将所述层叠体进行加热加压，以形成所述通电加热夹层玻璃。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本申请实施例提供的电加热膜的制造方法，实施时，先将PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料进行预混合形成第一混合料，随后将第一混合料加入挤压机内进行挤压处理，完成挤压处理的第一混合料再和增塑剂进行混合而形成第二混合料，随后第二混合料与功能助剂和粘度助剂相混合后，经辊压处理形成电加热膜。而由于透明导电材料的存在，这样当电加热膜通电时，其内的透明导电材料即可通电并发热，进而可实现电加热膜的整体加热。那么当电加热膜应用于汽车后档玻璃时，即可对汽车的后档玻璃实现整体加热。由于汽车玻璃多为夹层玻璃，而电加热膜可通过夹设于夹层玻璃的两片玻璃板之间而实现在汽车后档玻璃的应用，如此便使得电加热膜应用于汽车后档玻璃变得简单易行，且产品质量稳定性和生产效率均得以显著提升。
本申请实施例提供的电加热膜的有益效果在于：本申请实施例提供的电加热膜，由于采用上述的方法步骤制成，这样当通电时，其内的透明导电材料即可通电并发热，如此便实现了其通电加热性能，而电加热膜可附着于汽车后档玻璃等外界玻璃制品上，实现对玻璃制品安全可靠的加热。
本申请实施例提供的通电加热夹层玻璃的有益效果在于：本申请实施例提供的通电加热夹层玻璃，由于包括有上述的电加热膜，而电加热膜能够在通电时发热，这样便也使得通电加热夹层玻璃能够在通电时实现整体均匀地加热，进而可有效应用于汽车后档玻璃等需要加热以消除霜雾的视窗区域。
 附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的电加热膜的制造方法的工艺流程图；
图2为图1中步骤S3的一种实现方法的流程图；
图3为图2中步骤S32的一种实现方法的流程图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的通电加热夹层玻璃的制造方法的工艺流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通电加热夹层玻璃的结构示意图。
其中，图中各附图标记：
10—层叠体              11—第一玻璃板           12—电加热膜
13—第二玻璃板。
 本发明的实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图1~5描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
如图1~3和图5所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电加热膜的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料。具体地，在步骤S1中，透明导电材料可采用纳米级的透明导电材料，具体可为氧化锌－石墨烯粉末。而氧化锌－石墨烯粉末所形成的透明导电材料的透光率可达40％~50％。因此可使得电加热膜12具有足够的透光性，进而也使得含有电加热膜12的夹层玻璃呈半透明状态，使其能够被用于汽车的后档玻璃上。
S2：提供挤压机，将第一混合料放入挤压机内进行挤压处理。具体地，第一混合料可在挤压机内经挤出流涎形成熔融流体，熔融流体经过滤网去除杂质，以便于后续制剂的添加。同时，第一混合料的挤压处理过程在高温高压环境下进行。
S3：提供辅助剂，将辅助剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜12。具体地，辅助剂可包括增塑剂和功能助剂等提升电加热膜12柔性和功能性的助剂。
以下对本申请实施例提供的电加热膜的制造方法作进一步说明：本申请实施例提供的电加热膜的制造方法，实施时，先将PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料进行预混合形成第一混合料，随后将第一混合料加入挤压机内进行挤压处理，完成挤压处理的第一混合料再和增塑剂进行混合而形成第二混合料，随后第二混合料与功能助剂和粘度助剂相混合后，经辊压处理形成电加热膜12，其厚度优选为0.76mm，其含水率为0.35％~0.45％，表面粗糙度为25μm~45μm。而由于透明导电材料的存在，这样当电加热膜12通电时，其内的透明导电材料即可通电并发热，进而可实现电加热膜12的整体加热。那么当电加热膜12应用于汽车后档玻璃时，即可对汽车的后档玻璃实现整体加热。由于汽车玻璃多为夹层玻璃，而电加热膜12可通过夹设于夹层玻璃的两片玻璃板之间而实现在汽车后档玻璃的应用，如此便使得电加热膜12应用于汽车后档玻璃变得简单易行，且产品质量稳定性和生产效率均得以显著提升。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，如图2所示，步骤S3具体为：
S31：辅助剂包括增塑剂，将增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的第一混合料中以形成第二混合料。其中，增塑剂可为含有导电因子的3GO增塑剂（三甘醇二异辛酸酯）等。
S32：辅助剂还包括功能助剂和粘度助剂等其他辅助材料，将功能助剂和粘度助剂添加入第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜12。其中，功能助剂可以是抗氧剂和紫外线吸收剂的混合物。以使得电加热膜12具有抗氧化和防紫外线等功能。同时，功能助剂亦可根据电加热膜12的功能需求不同而调整其配方组分。
具体地，通过使得辅助剂包括增塑剂，这样增塑剂的添加即可显著提升电加热膜12的柔韧性和断裂伸长率和程序加工温度，改善电加热膜12的成型加工特性，从而使得电加热膜12更易通过辊压成型。而通过使得辅助剂包括粘度助剂，如此即可降低电加热膜12熔体的粘度，进而可降低电加热膜12的生产能耗和生产成本，使得电加热膜12更易成型。粘度助剂可为对苯二甲酸金属盐等金属盐类。
进一步地，粘度助剂在电加热膜12中占比可为0.003％~0.005％。具体可为0.003％、0.0031％、0.0032％、0.0033％、0.0034％、0.0035％、0.0036％、0.0037％、0.0038％、0.0039％、0.0040％、0.0041％、0.0042％、0.0043％、0.0044％、0.0045％、0.0046％、0.0047％、0.0048％、0.0049％、0.0050％。而通过将粘度助剂的占比设定为0.003％~0.005％，如此可确保电加热膜12熔体状态的粘度维持在最佳状态，避免其粘度过高而难以成型，也避免粘度助剂的加入量过多而降低电加热膜12的化学稳定性。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，如图3所示，步骤S32具体为：
S321：将功能助剂添加入第二混合料中混合均匀以形成第三混合料；
S322：将粘度助剂添加入第三混合料中混合均匀并经辊压处理形成电加热膜12。具体地，通过将功能助剂和粘度助剂分步添加，使得将功能助剂在第二混合料混合均匀后，再加入粘度助剂，这样便有助于功能助剂和粘度助剂在电加热膜12中的分布均匀性，保证了电加热膜12的各个部分性能一致。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，如图1所示，在步骤S3之后还包括步骤S4：
将电加热膜12进行空冷冷却处理；
或者，将电加热膜12进行过水冷却处理。具体地，通过将电加热膜12进行冷却处理，如此可尽快降低电加热膜12的表面温度，使得电加热膜12的内部组织尽快趋于稳定。而冷却处理的方式有空冷冷却处理和过水冷却处理，当电加热膜12表面温度在预设温度范围内时，可将其风冷冷却处理。而当电加热膜12表面温度超过预设温度范围时，可将其进行快速过水冷却以尽快降低其温度，同时，在连续生产时，为提高电加热膜12的生产效率，也可将其进行过水冷却。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，空冷冷却处理的冷却温度为21℃~23℃。具体地，空冷冷却处理的冷却温度可为：21℃、21.1℃、21.2℃、21.3℃、21.4℃、21.5℃、21.6℃、21.7℃、21.8℃、21.9℃、22℃、22.1℃、22.2℃、22.3℃、22.4℃、22.5℃、22.6℃、22.7℃、22.8℃、22.9℃或23℃。通过将空冷温度设定为21℃~23℃，如此可使得经辊压制得的电加热膜12的表面温度尽快降低至室温水平。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，过水冷却处理的冷却温度为23℃~25℃。具体地，水冷冷却温度可为：23℃、23.1℃、23.2℃、23.3℃、23.4℃、23.5℃、23.6℃、23.7℃、23.8℃、23.9℃、24℃、24.1℃、24.2℃、24.3℃、24.4℃、24.5℃、24.6℃、24.7℃、24.8℃、24.9℃或25℃。具体地，由于在水冷过程中，水冷传热较快，处于水液中的电加热膜12的表面温度能够实现快速降低，因而水冷温度可设定高于空冷温度，以降低水冷能耗。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，挤压机的流涎模唇的开口处温度为100℃~170℃。具体地，流涎模唇开口处温度可为100℃、105℃、110℃、115℃、120℃、125℃、130℃、135℃、140℃、145℃、150℃、155℃、160℃、165℃或170℃。通过将流涎模唇的开口处温度设定为100℃~170℃。如此可保证经挤压挤出的第一混合料内部组织活性较高，进而使得辅助剂能够较为容易均匀混合于第一混合料内。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，流涎模唇的开口处温度为110℃~140℃。具体地，流涎模唇的开口处温度可优选为110℃~140℃，如此可在保证第一混合料的内部组织活性的同时，也避免为开口处温度过高而破坏第一混合料的内部组织。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，流涎模唇的开口间隙的宽度为0.5mm~1.5mm。具体地，开口间隙宽度可为0.5mm、0.55mm、0.6mm、0.65mm、0.7mm、0.75mm、0.8mm、0.85mm、0.9mm、0.95mm、1.0mm、1.05mm、1.1mm、1.15mm、1.2mm、1.25mm、1.3mm、1.35mm、1.40mm、1.45mm或1.5mm。如此可保证挤出的第一混合料厚度均一，进而也保证了最终成型的电加热膜12厚度均一，且保证了其在夹设于两玻璃板之间。形成夹层玻璃时，具有足够的厚度以保证与两玻璃板之间的粘接强度。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，开口间隙的宽度为0.7mm~1mm。具体地，开口间隙宽度可优选为0.7mm~1mm。如此可在保证最终成型的电加热膜12与两玻璃板之间的粘接强度的同时，也限制了电加热膜12的厚度，进而保证了最终形成夹层玻璃的厚度尽可能较薄。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，功能助剂为抗氧剂和紫外线吸收剂的混合物。具体地，通过将功能助剂设定为抗氧剂和紫外线吸收剂的混合物，那么加入功能助剂的电加热膜12便能够在具有电加热特性的同时，也具备了抗氧化性和防紫外线性能，这样便延缓了电加热膜12受到阳光照射时的老化现象。同时也使得具有电加热膜12的夹层玻璃具有一定的防紫外线性能。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，抗氧剂在电加热膜12中占比0.2％~0.4％。具体地，抗氧剂占比可为0.2％、0.21％、0.22％、0.23％、0.24％、0.25％、0.26％、0.27％、0.28％、0.29％、0.30％、0.31％、0.32％、0.33％、0.34％、0.35％、0.36％、0.37％、0.38％、0.39％、0.4％。通过将抗氧剂的占比设定为0.2％~0.4％，这样便合理控制了抗氧化剂在电加热膜12中的用量，避免了抗氧化剂过多而造成资料浪费，也避免了抗氧化剂过少而导致电加热膜12的抗氧化性能不足。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，紫外线吸收剂在电加热膜12中占比0.2％~0.3％。具体地，紫外线吸收剂占比可为0.2％、0.21％、0.22％、0.23％、0.24％、0.25％、0.26％、0.27％、0.28％、0.29％或0.30％。通过将紫外线吸收剂的占比设定为0.2％~0.3％，这样便合理控制了紫外线吸收剂在电加热膜12中的用量，避免了紫外线吸收剂过多而影响电加热膜12的导电性能。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电加热膜12，由以下步骤制得：
S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；
S2：提供挤压机，将第一混合料放入挤压机内进行挤压处理；
S3：提供增塑剂，将增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的第一混合料中以形成第二混合料；
S4：提供功能助剂和粘度助剂，将功能助剂和粘度助剂添加入第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜12。
本申请实施例提供的电加热膜12，由于采用上述的方法步骤制成，这样当通电时，其内的透明导电材料即可通电并发热，如此便实现了其通电加热性能，而电加热膜12可附着于汽车后档玻璃等外界玻璃制品上，实现对玻璃制品安全可靠的加热。
如图4和图5所示，本申请还提供了一种通电加热夹层玻璃，由以下步骤制得：
S1：提供上述的电加热膜12；
S2：提供第一玻璃板11和第二玻璃板13，将第一玻璃板11、电加热膜12和第二玻璃板13依序叠加形成层叠体10；
S3：将层叠体10进行加热加压，以形成通电加热夹层玻璃。
本申请实施例提供的通电加热夹层玻璃，由于包括有上述的电加热膜12，而电加热膜12能够在通电时发热，这样便也使得通电加热夹层玻璃能够在通电时实现整体均匀地加热，进而可有效应用于汽车后档玻璃等需要加热以消除霜雾的视窗区域。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将所述PVB树脂粉和所述透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；
    S2：提供挤压机，将所述第一混合料放入所述挤压机内进行挤压处理；
    S3：提供辅助剂，将所述辅助剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S3具体为：
    S31：所述辅助剂包括增塑剂，将所述增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中以形成第二混合料；
    S32：所述辅助剂还包括功能助剂和粘度助剂，将所述功能助剂和所述粘度助剂添加入所述第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成电加热膜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S32具体为：
    S321：将所述功能助剂添加入所述第二混合料中混合均匀以形成第三混合料；
    S322：将所述粘度助剂添加入所述第三混合料中混合均匀并经辊压处理形成所述电加热膜。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤S3之后还包括步骤S4：
    将所述电加热膜进行空冷冷却处理；
    或者，将所述电加热膜进行过水冷却处理。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述空冷冷却处理的冷却温度为21℃~23℃。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述过水冷却处理的冷却温度为23℃~25℃。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述挤压机的流涎模唇的开口处温度为100℃~170℃。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述流涎模唇的开口处温度为110℃~140℃。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述流涎模唇的开口间隙的宽度为0.5mm~1.5mm。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述开口间隙的宽度为0.7mm~1mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述功能助剂为抗氧剂和紫外线吸收剂的混合物。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂在所述电加热膜中占比0.2％~0.4％。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电加热膜的制造方法，其特征在于：紫外线吸收剂在所述电加热膜中占比0.2％~0.3％。
  14. 一种电加热膜，其特征在于：由以下步骤制得：
    S1：提供PVB树脂粉和透明导电材料，将所述PVB树脂粉和所述透明导电材料进行预混合以形成第一混合料；
    S2：提供挤压机，将所述第一混合料放入所述挤压机内进行挤压处理；
    S3：提供增塑剂，将所述增塑剂添加入挤压处理后的所述第一混合料中以形成第二混合料；
    S4：提供功能助剂和粘度助剂，将所述功能助剂和所述粘度助剂添加入所述第二混合料中并经辊压处理形成所述电加热膜。
  15. 一种通电加热夹层玻璃，其特征在于：由以下步骤制得：
    S1：提供权利要求14所述的电加热膜；
    S2：提供第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板，将所述第一玻璃板、所述电加热膜和所述第二玻璃板依序叠加形成层叠体；
    S3：将所述层叠体进行加热加压，以形成所述通电加热夹层玻璃。
PCT/CN2019/087281 2019-05-16 2019-05-16 电加热膜的制造方法、电加热膜和通电加热夹层玻璃 WO2020228023A1 (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1413428A1 (fr) * 2000-05-03 2004-04-28 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuilleté à propriétés de résistance mécanique et d'isolation acoustique
CN101410341A (zh) * 2006-03-23 2009-04-15 株式会社普利司通 夹层玻璃用中间膜、使用它的夹层玻璃及其制造方法
CN102510591A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2012-06-20 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 一种除雾除霜玻璃膜的制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1413428A1 (fr) * 2000-05-03 2004-04-28 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuilleté à propriétés de résistance mécanique et d'isolation acoustique
CN101410341A (zh) * 2006-03-23 2009-04-15 株式会社普利司通 夹层玻璃用中间膜、使用它的夹层玻璃及其制造方法
CN102510591A (zh) * 2011-10-18 2012-06-20 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 一种除雾除霜玻璃膜的制备方法

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