WO2020224335A1 - 一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置 - Google Patents

一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020224335A1
WO2020224335A1 PCT/CN2020/079807 CN2020079807W WO2020224335A1 WO 2020224335 A1 WO2020224335 A1 WO 2020224335A1 CN 2020079807 W CN2020079807 W CN 2020079807W WO 2020224335 A1 WO2020224335 A1 WO 2020224335A1
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Prior art keywords
barrel
rotary sealing
rotary
frame
rotating
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PCT/CN2020/079807
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
盛镝
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盛镝
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Publication of WO2020224335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020224335A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
    • B28C5/4203—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/4262—Closures; Sealing mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary sealing device used for a concrete mixer truck, and can also be used for sealing other rotary tank mechanisms with similar structures.
  • the invention patent proposed a hollow-shaft rotary sealed concrete mixer truck, which adopts a sealing cover structure that rotates synchronously with the mixing drum, and changes the dynamic sealing part between the feed barrel and the feed hopper, reducing the dynamic seal
  • the radius of gyration at the location reduces the relative linear velocity, improves the sealing effect and reliability, and reduces wear and maintenance workload.
  • the front and rear opening and closing of the rotary sealing cover device requires a separate power system, such as an oil cylinder or a cylinder with a strong driving force, and the cost is relatively high.
  • the oil cylinder or cylinder is installed on the frame, and the piston rod part is connected with the rotary sealing cover.
  • the mixing barrel and rotary sealing cover will inevitably shake relative to the frame and other parts.
  • the invention proposes a self-sealing spiral rotary sealing device for a rotary barrel, and its purpose is to reduce the cost and failure rate of the opening and closing action parts of the rotary sealing cover.
  • a self-sealing screw-type rotary sealing device for a rotary barrel The rotary barrel is mounted on a frame and revolves under the drive of a rotary driving device.
  • the rear end of the rotary barrel is provided with a central barrel coaxial with the rotary barrel.
  • the central cylinder and the rotary barrel rotate integrally, the rotary sealing device includes a rotary sealing cover, the center of the rotary sealing cover is provided with a through hole and the through hole is sleeved on the central cylinder, and the outer edge of the rotary sealing cover is provided with
  • the main sealing ring is in contact with the rear edge of the rotating barrel;
  • the outer cylindrical surface of the central cylinder is provided with an external thread, and the through hole of the rotary sealing cover is fitted with a matching external thread Nut
  • the rotary sealing device includes an anti-rotation guide device movably installed on the frame.
  • the anti-rotation guide device has at least a first station and a second station: when the anti-rotation guide device is located at the first station, the anti-rotation guide The device is matched with the rotary sealing cover to prevent the rotary sealing cover from rotating with the central cylinder and to guide the rotary sealing cover to move back and forth; when the anti-rotation guide device is located in the second station, the anti-rotation guide device is disengaged from the According to the coordination between the rotary sealing cover, the rotary sealing cover rotates with the center cylinder.
  • the anti-rotation guide device is a swing frame mounted on the frame through a rotational connection, and the upper end of the swing frame is provided with a guide post, and the guide post is used to interact with the rotating sealing cover
  • the convex posts on the upper part are in contact with each other.
  • the guide column or the convex column is also provided with a pressure sensor, and further includes an indicating device connected with the pressure sensor or a control device connected with the pressure sensor;
  • the indicating device is used to prompt the operator to operate the swing frame to disengage the guide post from the convex post;
  • the control device is used to control the swing frame to make the guide post contact or disengage the convex post.
  • the convex column and the guide column are in sliding fit or rolling fit.
  • the rear end of the central barrel is provided with a limiting convex ring to prevent the nut from falling off the central barrel.
  • the front end of the central cylinder is provided with an inner sealing ring, and the rear end surface of the inner sealing ring is used to contact the front end surface of the nut.
  • the rotating bucket is a mixing bucket of a mixer truck
  • the frame is a frame of the mixer truck
  • the center tube is a center barrel in the mixing bucket
  • a hopper is also installed on the frame, and the discharge port of the hopper is in communication with the rear end of the central barrel;
  • the rear cover of the feed hopper is hingedly installed at the rear end of the feed opening;
  • the rotary sealing device also includes a lead screw, a connecting rod, a sliding block, a clutch mechanism, a gear and a ring gear;
  • the screw is installed on the frame through a rotary connection, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded hole that is threaded with the screw, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the slider through a rotary connection,
  • the back side of the back cover is provided with a sliding groove running up and down, and the sliding block is slidingly matched with the sliding groove;
  • the gear ring is arranged on the central barrel, the gear meshes with the gear ring, and the gear
  • the clutch mechanism is connected with the lead screw. When the clutch mechanism is in the engaged state, the lead screw follows the gear and the ring gear to rotate. When the clutch mechanism is in the separated state, the transmission between the lead screw and the gear ring is interrupted.
  • the feeding hopper is installed on the frame through a connecting frame and a spring, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper, the upper end of the spring is connected with the connecting frame, and the lower end is connected with the The frame is connected.
  • the front upper part of the hopper is provided with a splash cover, and a spray washing device is also provided on the splash cover.
  • the upper rear part of the feeding hopper is also provided with a rainproof plate.
  • the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: (1)
  • the present invention adds a threaded fitting mechanism to the center barrel and uses a movable anti-rotation guide device to guide the rotary sealing cover when it moves back and forth to achieve
  • the high-power oil cylinder/cylinder in the prior art is omitted, the cost is reduced, and the problem that the oil cylinder or the cylinder is prone to failure due to turbulence is avoided.
  • the main sealing ring is elastic, and the thread fitting has self-locking characteristics, so this structure can ensure good airtightness and reliability when the rotary sealing cover is closed (3)
  • the present invention also proposes an improved scheme of using the rotary power of the mixing barrel to drive the opening and closing of the rear cover of the feeding hopper, which further reduces the equipment cost.
  • Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of part I in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing frame and the convex column part, and the view direction is from back to front.
  • Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the feed hopper installed on the frame through the connecting piece and the spring, and the view direction is from back to front.
  • a self-sealing screw-type rotary sealing device for a rotary barrel.
  • the rotary barrel is mounted on a frame and revolves under the drive of a rotary drive device.
  • the rear end of the rotary barrel is mounted with a coaxial
  • the central cylinder, the central cylinder and the rotating barrel rotate integrally, the rotary sealing device includes a rotary sealing cover 2, the rotary sealing cover 2 is provided with a through hole in the center and is sleeved on the central cylinder through the through hole, the rotary sealing cover
  • the outer edge of 2 is provided with a main sealing ring 3 for contact with the rear edge of the rotating barrel.
  • the rotating bucket is the mixing bucket 1 of the mixing truck
  • the frame is the frame of the mixing truck
  • the center tube is the center barrel 4 in the mixing bucket 1.
  • the outer cylindrical surface of the central barrel 4 is provided with an external thread
  • the through hole of the rotary sealing cover 2 is equipped with a nut 7 matching the external thread
  • the rotary sealing device includes an anti-rotation guide device movably installed on the frame.
  • the anti-rotation guide device has at least a first station and a second station: when the anti-rotation guide device is located at the first station, the anti-rotation guide The device is matched with the rotary sealing cover 2 to prevent the rotary sealing cover (3) from rotating with the central cylinder and guide the rotary sealing cover 2 to move forward and backward; when the anti-rotation guide device is located in the second station, the anti-rotation guide The device is disengaged from the cooperation between the rotary sealing cover 2, and the rotary sealing cover rotates with the center barrel 4.
  • the anti-rotation guide device is a swing frame 10 mounted on the frame through a rotational connection, and the upper end of the swing frame 10 is provided with a guide post, and the guide post is used to interact with the rotating frame.
  • the protruding posts 9 on the sealing cover 2 are in contact.
  • the swing frame 10 may be manually operated or driven by an air cylinder.
  • a set of swing frames 10 are provided on the left and right sides of the vehicle body, and the convex posts 9 on the rotary sealing cover 2 are two groups evenly distributed.
  • the protruding post 9 and the guide post are in sliding fit or rolling fit.
  • the friction resistance is relatively large, and the surface of the guide post needs to be smooth; preferably, a rolling fit method is used: a rotatable slip ring is provided on the convex post 9 and the slip ring contacts the guide post to make the convex
  • the post 9 rolls along the guide post to reduce friction; alternatively, corresponding rollers or other rolling parts are provided on the guide post, and the rolling part contacts the convex post 9.
  • the rear end of the central barrel 4 is provided with a limiting convex ring to prevent the nut 7 from falling off the external thread.
  • the front end of the central barrel 4 is provided with an inner sealing ring 8, and the rear end surface of the inner sealing ring 8 is used to contact the front end surface of the nut 7.
  • the soft inner sealing ring 8 can play a sealing role after the rotary sealing cover 2 is closed, without affecting the sealing of the main sealing ring 3 of the mixing tank 1.
  • the guide post or the convex post 9 is also provided with a pressure sensor, and further includes an indicating device connected with the pressure sensor or a control device connected with the pressure sensor.
  • an indicating device connected with the pressure sensor or a control device connected with the pressure sensor.
  • a hopper 6 is also installed on the frame.
  • the discharge port of the hopper 6 communicates with the rear end of the central barrel 4, and a sealing device is provided at the connection.
  • the feed hopper 6 is mounted on the frame through a connecting frame 18 and a spring 19.
  • the connecting frame 18 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 6, and the upper end of the spring 19 is connected to the connecting frame 18. The lower end is connected with the frame.
  • the rear cover 11 is hingedly mounted at the rear end of the feed hopper 6 to open and close;
  • the rotary sealing device further includes a lead screw 14, a connecting rod 13, a sliding block 12, a clutch mechanism, a gear 17 and a ring gear 16;
  • the lead screw 14 is mounted on the frame through a rotary connection, one end of the connecting rod 13 is provided with a threaded hole that is threaded with the lead screw 14, and the other end of the connecting rod 13 is connected to the sliding plate by a rotary connection.
  • the block 12 is connected, the back side of the back cover 11 is provided with a sliding groove running up and down, the sliding block 12 is slidingly fitted with the sliding groove; the gear ring 16 is arranged on the central barrel 4, and the gear 17 is The gear ring 16 is meshed, and the gear 17 is connected to the lead screw 14 through the clutch mechanism.
  • the clutch mechanism When the clutch mechanism is in the engaged state, the lead screw 14 follows the gear 17 and the gear ring 16 to rotate. In the separated state, the transmission between the screw 14 and the ring gear 16 is interrupted.
  • Implementation mode 1 The gear 17 is mounted on the frame through a rotational connection, and the clutch mechanism includes a clutch cylinder 15 and a sliding sleeve.
  • the cylinder body of the clutch cylinder 15 is mounted on the frame, and the piston rod part is connected to the frame.
  • the sliding sleeve is connected, one end of the sliding sleeve is used to connect with the end of the lead screw 14 through a sliding fit, and the other end is used to connect with the gear 17 through a sliding fit.
  • the gear 17 always meshes with the ring gear 16, and the power between the gear 17 and the screw 14 is transmitted by the sliding sleeve.
  • the sliding sleeve moves to one end with the clutch cylinder 15, the sliding sleeve is on the side of the gear 17 or the screw 14 The sliding fit on the side is disengaged and power transmission is interrupted.
  • the sliding sleeve moves to the other end, the sliding fits at both ends are in an engaged state to realize power transmission.
  • the sliding fit can be flat key, keyway fit, or spline fit.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a clutch cylinder 15 and a sliding sleeve.
  • the cylinder body of the clutch cylinder 15 is installed on the frame, the piston rod part is connected with the sliding sleeve, and the gear 17 is installed by rotating connection.
  • the sliding sleeve is connected to the end of the lead screw 14 through a sliding fit.
  • the sliding sleeve and the screw 14 are always in a sliding fit, but the gear 17 moves with the sliding sleeve. When the gear 17 moves to one end, it disengages from the gear ring 16, and when it moves to the other end, it contacts the gear ring. 16 meshing.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a clutch cylinder 15 and a bump.
  • the cylinder body of the clutch cylinder 15 is installed on the frame, and the piston rod part is connected with the lead screw 14.
  • the lead screw 14 is rotatable at the same time It also has a space for moving back and forth relative to the frame.
  • a convex block is installed at the front end of the lead screw 14, and the gear 17 is provided with a special-shaped hole matching the convex block.
  • the clutch mechanism can also have a variety of other structural forms, for example, the connection relationship of the above-mentioned slidingly fitted parts is interchanged, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • the lead screw 14 rotates with the center barrel 4, and the connecting rod 13 moves forward and backward under the guidance of the sliding groove, and the sliding block 12 controls the opening and closing of the rear cover 11 at the same time. After the power is interrupted, the rotation of the center barrel 4 is independent of the lead screw 14.
  • a soft rain-proof plate 5 is also arranged on the top of the feeding hopper 6 to prevent rain when the feeding hopper 6 is half open, without affecting the feeding pipe in place when feeding.
  • the top of the feeding hopper 6 is also provided with a cover plate, and a water spray device is provided on the cover plate for cleaning the external threads on the rotary sealing cover 2 and the central barrel 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，旋转桶安装在机架上、后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，还包括套装在中心筒上的回转密封盖，回转密封盖的外边缘处设有用于与旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的主密封圈，中心筒上设有外螺纹，回转密封盖的通孔处安装有与外螺纹相配合的螺母；回转密封装置包括活动安装在机架上的防转导向装置，用于防止回转密封盖随中心筒一起转动并引导回转密封盖前后移动。本发明借助搅拌桶回转动力实现回转密封盖开合的目的，省去了现有技术中的大功率油（气）缸等装置，降低了成本，避免了油缸或气缸因颠簸易出现故障的问题，具有结构简单、操作方便、成本低、可靠性高和维护量小的优点。

Description

一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于混凝土搅拌车的回转密封装置，也可以用于其它相似结构的旋转罐式机构的密封。
 背景技术
为了解决传统的搅拌车回转密封盖装置密封性差、可靠性低、维护量大的问题，现有技术中提出了诸多改进方案，例如申请日为2017年08月29日、申请号为CN201710753539.8的发明专利中提出了一种中空轴回转密封的混凝土搅拌运输车，其采用跟随搅拌桶同步回转的密封盖结构，将动密封部分改到进料筒与进料斗之间，缩小了动密封处的回转半径，降低了相对线速度，提升了密封效果和可靠性，减少了磨损和维护工作量。
然而上述技术方案中，回转密封盖装置的前后开合需要单独的动力系统，例如油缸或驱动力较强的气缸，成本较高。另一方面，该油缸或气缸是安装在车架上的，活塞杆部分与回转密封盖连接，在搅拌车运输过程中，由于颠簸，搅拌桶与回转密封盖难免相对于车架等部件晃动，导致油缸受力，易出现磨损和故障，增加故障点和维护工作量。
 技术问题
本发明提出了一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其目的是：降低回转密封盖开合动作部分的成本和故障率。
 技术解决方案
本发明技术方案如下：
一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封装置包括回转密封盖，所述回转密封盖中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的主密封圈；所述中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，所述回转密封盖的通孔处安装有与所述外螺纹相配合的螺母；
所述回转密封装置包括活动安装在机架上的防转导向装置，所述防转导向装置至少具有第一工位和第二工位：防转导向装置位于第一工位时，防转导向装置与所述回转密封盖相配合，用于防止回转密封盖随中心筒一起旋转并引导所述回转密封盖前后移动；防转导向装置位于第二工位时，防转导向装置脱开与所述回转密封盖之间的配合，回转密封盖随中心筒一起旋转。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述防转导向装置为通过转动连接方式安装在机架上的摆动架，所述摆动架的上端设有导向柱，所述导向柱用于与所述回转密封盖上的凸柱相接触。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述导向柱或凸柱上还设有压力传感器，还包括与所述压力传感器相连接的指示装置或者与所述压力传感器相连接的控制装置；
所述指示装置用于提示操作人员操作摆动架使导向柱与凸柱脱开；
所述控制装置用于控制摆动架使导向柱与凸柱接触或脱开。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述的凸柱与所述导向柱之间为滑动配合或者是滚动配合。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述中心筒的后端设有限位凸环，用于防止螺母从中心筒上脱落。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述中心筒的前端设有内密封圈，所述内密封圈的后端面用于与所述螺母的前端面相接触。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述旋转桶为搅拌车的搅拌桶，所述机架为搅拌车的车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶中的中心料筒；
所述车架上还安装有进料斗，所述进料斗的出料口与所述中心料筒的后端相连通；
进料斗的后端入料口处通过铰接方式安装前后开合的后盖；
所述回转密封装置还包括丝杠、连杆、滑块、离合机构、齿轮和齿圈；
所述丝杠通过转动连接方式安装在车架上，所述连杆的一端设有与所述丝杠螺纹配合的螺纹孔，连杆的另一端通过转动连接方式与所述滑块相连接，所述后盖的背侧设有上下走向的滑槽，所述滑块与滑槽滑动配合；所述齿圈设置在中心料筒上，所述齿轮与所述齿圈相啮合，所述齿轮通过所述离合机构与所述丝杠相连接，当离合机构处于接合状态时，丝杠跟随齿轮及齿圈转动，当离合机构处于分离状态时，丝杠与齿圈之间的传动中断。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述进料斗通过连接架和弹簧安装在车架上，所述连接架与进料斗固定连接，所述弹簧上端与所述连接架相连接、下端与所述车架相连接。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述的进料斗上的前上部设有防溅盖，在防溅盖上还设置有喷洗装置。
作为该装置的进一步改进：所述的进料斗上的后上部还设置有防雨板。
 有益效果
相对于现有技术，本发明具有以下积极效果：（1）本发明通过在中心料筒上增加螺纹配合机构，并使用可移动的防转导向装置在回转密封盖前后移动时为其导向，达到了借助搅拌桶回转动力实现回转密封盖开合的目的，省去了现有技术中的大功率油缸/气缸，降低了成本，避免了油缸或气缸因颠簸易出现故障的问题，具有结构简单、操作方便、成本低、可靠性高和维护量小的优点；（2）主密封圈具有弹性，同时螺纹配合具有自锁特性，故而本结构可以确保回转密封盖关闭时的良好密闭性和可靠性；（3）本发明还提出了利用搅拌桶的回转动力驱动进料斗后盖开闭的改进方案，进一步降低了设备成本。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图。
图2为图1中I部分的局部放大图。
图3为摆动架、凸柱部分的结构示意图，视图方向为由后向前。
图4为进料斗通过连接件和弹簧安装在车架上的结构示意图，视图方向为由后向前。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的技术方案：
如图1，一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封装置包括回转密封盖2，所述回转密封盖2中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖2的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的主密封圈3。
本实施例中，所述旋转桶为搅拌车的搅拌桶1，所述机架为搅拌车的车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶1中的中心料筒4。
如图1和2，所述中心料筒4的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，所述回转密封盖2的通孔处安装有与所述外螺纹相配合的螺母7；
所述回转密封装置包括活动安装在车架上的防转导向装置，所述防转导向装置至少具有第一工位和第二工位：防转导向装置位于第一工位时，防转导向装置与所述回转密封盖2相配合，用于防止回转密封盖（3）随中心筒一起旋转并引导所述回转密封盖2前后移动；防转导向装置位于第二工位时，防转导向装置脱开与所述回转密封盖2之间的配合，回转密封盖随中心料筒4一起旋转。
如图3，优选的，所述防转导向装置为通过转动连接方式安装在车架上的摆动架10，所述摆动架10的上端设有导向柱，所述导向柱用于与所述回转密封盖2上的凸柱9相接触。该摆动架10可是手动操作式的，也可以是气缸驱动。本实施例中，车体的左右两侧各设置一组摆动架10，回转密封盖2上的凸柱9为均布的两组。
所述的凸柱9与所述导向柱之间为滑动配合或者是滚动配合。滑动配合时摩擦阻力较大，需要导向柱表面较为光滑；优选使用滚动配合方式：所述凸柱9上设有可转动的滑环，所述滑环与所述导向柱相接触，可以使凸柱9沿导向柱滚动，减小摩擦；或者，所述导向柱上设置有相应的滚轮或其它滚动部件，滚动部件与凸柱9相接触。
所述中心料筒4的后端设有限位凸环，用于防止螺母7从外螺纹上脱落。
如图2，所述中心料筒4的前端设有内密封圈8，所述内密封圈8的后端面用于与所述螺母7的前端面相接触。软质的内密封圈8可以在回转密封盖2关闭后起密封作用，同时又不影响搅拌桶1的主密封圈3的密封。
需要打开回转密封盖2时，手动移动摆动架10，或通过气缸等机构驱动摆动架10自动就位，然后控制搅拌桶1与中心料筒4旋转，开始时回转密封盖2随同搅拌桶1回转，直至凸柱9接触到导向柱，导向柱阻止回转密封盖2继续回转，回转密封盖2开始沿着中心料筒4上的外螺纹向后移动，完成开盖动作，移动时，凸柱9上的滑环在导向柱上滚动。关盖动作与开盖相反。不需要开关盖时，手动或自动收起摆动架10，使回转密封盖2可以自由转动。
所述导向柱或凸柱9上还设有压力传感器，还包括与所述压力传感器相连接的指示装置或者与所述压力传感器相连接的控制装置。当压力传感器检测到的接触力较大时，说明预紧力足够，可以确保回转密封盖2已经闭合，此时所述指示装置可以提示操作人员操作摆动架10使导向柱与凸柱9脱开，也可以是通过控制装置自动收起摆动架10。
由于螺纹具有自锁特性，且主密封圈3具有一定的弹性，因此预紧锁紧后，回转密封盖2不会开启。
如图1，所述车架上还安装有进料斗6，所述进料斗6的出料口与所述中心料筒4的后端相连通，连通处设有密封装置。
如图4，所述进料斗6通过连接架18和弹簧19安装在车架上，所述连接架18与进料斗6固定连接，所述弹簧19上端与所述连接架18相连接、下端与所述车架相连接。
如图1，进料斗6的后端入料口处通过铰接方式安装前后开合的后盖11；
所述回转密封装置还包括丝杠14、连杆13、滑块12、离合机构、齿轮17和齿圈16；
所述丝杠14通过转动连接方式安装在车架上，所述连杆13的一端设有与所述丝杠14螺纹配合的螺纹孔，连杆13的另一端通过转动连接方式与所述滑块12相连接，所述后盖11的背侧设有上下走向的滑槽，所述滑块12与滑槽滑动配合；所述齿圈16设置在中心料筒4上，所述齿轮17与所述齿圈16相啮合，所述齿轮17通过所述离合机构与所述丝杠14相连接，当离合机构处于接合状态时，丝杠14跟随齿轮17及齿圈16转动，当离合机构处于分离状态时，丝杠14与齿圈16之间的传动中断。
所述离合机构的实现方式至少有以下几种：
实现方式一：所述齿轮17通过转动连接方式安装在车架上，所述离合机构包括离合气缸15和滑套，所述离合气缸15的缸体安装在车架上、活塞杆部分与所述滑套相连接，所述滑套一端用于通过滑动配合方式与丝杠14的端部相连接、另一端用于通过滑动配合方式与所述齿轮17相连接。齿轮17始终与齿圈16啮合，齿轮17与丝杠14之间的动力依靠滑套传输，当滑套随离合气缸15移动到一端时，滑套与齿轮17一侧或是与丝杠14一侧的滑动配合脱开，中断动力传输，当滑套移动到另一端时，两端的滑动配合均处于接合状态，实现动力传输。所述的滑动配合可以是平键、键槽配合，也可以是花键配合等。
实现方式二：所述离合机构包括离合气缸15和滑套，所述离合气缸15的缸体安装在车架上、活塞杆部分与所述滑套相连接，所述齿轮17通过转动连接方式安装滑套上，所述滑套通过滑动配合方式与丝杠14的端部相连接。滑套与丝杠14之间始终是滑动配合的，但齿轮17是随滑套移动的，当齿轮17移动到一端时，脱开与齿圈16的啮合，移动到另一端时，与齿圈16啮合。
实现方式三：所述离合机构包括离合气缸15和凸块，所述离合气缸15的缸体安装在车架上、活塞杆部分与所述丝杠14相连接，丝杠14在可回转的同时还具有相对于车架前后移动的空间，凸块安装在丝杠14前端，所述齿轮17上设有与所述凸块相配合的异形孔。离合气缸15驱动凸块与异形孔配合后，可以实现齿轮17至丝杠14的动力传输，凸块与异形孔脱开后，丝杠14不再跟随齿轮17转动。
显而易见地，离合机构还可以有多种其它结构形式，例如将上述滑动配合的部件的连接关系进行互换等等，在此不做赘述。
当动力传输接合时，丝杠14跟随中心料筒4回转，此时连杆13在滑槽的导向下前后移动，同时通过滑块12控制后盖11开合。动力中断后，中心料筒4的回转与丝杠14无关。
在进料斗6的顶部还设置有软质防雨板5，用于在进料斗6半开时防雨，又不影响加料时的加料管到位。进料斗6顶部还还设置有盖板，在盖板上设置有喷水装置，用于清洗回转密封盖2和中心料筒4上的外螺纹。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封装置包括回转密封盖（2），所述回转密封盖（2）中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖（2）的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的主密封圈（3），其特征在于：所述中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，所述回转密封盖（2）的通孔处安装有与所述外螺纹相配合的螺母（7）；
    所述回转密封装置包括活动安装在机架上的防转导向装置，所述防转导向装置至少具有第一工位和第二工位：防转导向装置位于第一工位时，防转导向装置与所述回转密封盖（2）相配合，用于防止回转密封盖（2）随中心筒一起旋转并引导所述回转密封盖（2）前后移动；防转导向装置位于第二工位时，防转导向装置脱开与所述回转密封盖（2）之间的配合，回转密封盖随中心筒一起旋转。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述防转导向装置为通过转动连接方式安装在机架上的摆动架（10），所述摆动架（10）的上端设有导向柱，所述导向柱用于与所述回转密封盖（2）上的凸柱（9）相接触。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述导向柱或凸柱（9）上还设有压力传感器，还包括与所述压力传感器相连接的指示装置或者与所述压力传感器相连接的控制装置；
    所述指示装置用于提示操作人员操作摆动架（10）使导向柱与凸柱（9）脱开；
    所述控制装置用于控制摆动架（10）使导向柱与凸柱（9）接触或脱开。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述的凸柱（9）与所述导向柱之间为滑动配合或者是滚动配合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述中心筒的后端设有限位凸环，用于防止螺母（7）从中心筒上脱落。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述中心筒的前端设有内密封圈（8），所述内密封圈（8）的后端面用于与所述螺母（7）的前端面相接触。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述旋转桶为搅拌车的搅拌桶（1），所述机架为搅拌车的车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶（1）中的中心料筒（4）；
    所述车架上还安装有进料斗（6），所述进料斗（6）的出料口与所述中心料筒（4）的后端相连通；
    进料斗（6）的后端入料口处通过铰接方式安装前后开合的后盖（11）；
    所述回转密封装置还包括丝杠（14）、连杆（13）、滑块（12）、离合机构、齿轮（17）和齿圈（16）；
    所述丝杠（14）通过转动连接方式安装在车架上，所述连杆（13）的一端设有与所述丝杠（14）螺纹配合的螺纹孔，连杆（13）的另一端通过转动连接方式与所述滑块（12）相连接，所述后盖（11）的背侧设有上下走向的滑槽，所述滑块（12）与滑槽滑动配合；所述齿圈（16）设置在中心料筒（4）上，所述齿轮（17）与所述齿圈（16）相啮合，所述齿轮（17）通过所述离合机构与所述丝杠（14）相连接，当离合机构处于接合状态时，丝杠（14）跟随齿轮（17）及齿圈（16）转动，当离合机构处于分离状态时，丝杠（14）与齿圈（16）之间的传动中断。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述进料斗（6）通过连接架（18）和弹簧（19）安装在车架上，所述连接架（18）与进料斗（6）固定连接，所述弹簧（19）上端与所述连接架（18）相连接、下端与所述车架相连接。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述的进料斗（6）上的前上部设有防溅盖，在防溅盖上还设置有喷洗装置。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的旋转桶自密封的螺旋式回转密封装置，其特征在于：所述的进料斗（6）上的后上部还设置有防雨板（5）。
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