WO2020248763A1 - 一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构 - Google Patents

一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248763A1
WO2020248763A1 PCT/CN2020/090403 CN2020090403W WO2020248763A1 WO 2020248763 A1 WO2020248763 A1 WO 2020248763A1 CN 2020090403 W CN2020090403 W CN 2020090403W WO 2020248763 A1 WO2020248763 A1 WO 2020248763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
rotary sealing
sealing cover
barrel
rotary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/090403
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
盛富春
徐志伟
盛楠
Original Assignee
烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司
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Application filed by 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 filed Critical 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司
Publication of WO2020248763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248763A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/42—Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
    • B28C5/4203—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/4262—Closures; Sealing mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a seal for the mixing barrel of a concrete mixer truck, and can also be used for rotary seals in other similar occasions.
  • the mixer truck is still mainly open.
  • the problem is that the mixer truck has poor weather resistance and cannot meet the requirements of concrete quality. It also seriously affects the forward development of concrete quality and cannot meet the requirements of energy saving and green construction.
  • this field proposes a mixer truck with a rotary seal.
  • the hollow shaft rotary seal structure (refer to the invention patent with application number CN201710753539.8 and publication date 2017.11.14) is one of the representative ones. , It changes the sealing cover for blocking the mixing drum into a rotatable form to make it rotate with the mixing drum, which greatly reduces the radius of gyration of the dynamic seal and reduces the relative linear velocity of the sealing part. The sealing effect is good, the wear is small, and it is reliable. High performance, low maintenance difficulty.
  • the hollow shaft rotary seal in the prior art is compressed by hydraulic cylinders or cylinders.
  • the problems are: 1.
  • the hydraulic (air) cylinder needs to be compressed at all times during operation. Due to the continuous rotation of the mixing drum, the vehicle During walking, large axial and radial forces are generated, causing the cylinder rod to continuously enter and exit and swing, and wear will be greater after a long time; 2.
  • the pressure is small and cannot meet the pressure requirements of the rotary seal. The sealing effect is not good; 3.
  • the slewing support is required. One is that the slewing support is heavy, and the other is that it cannot offset the destructive force caused by the rotation and turbulence of the mixing drum. The slewing support device is seriously worn and has a low life.
  • the present invention proposes a screw-compressed clutch type rotary sealing mechanism, which aims to: (1) reduce the wear of hydraulic cylinder/cylinder components; (2) improve the sealing effect; (3) reduce the wear of the rotary support device (4) Reduce the weight of the device; (5) Reduce energy consumption; (6) Reduce the cost of the device.
  • a spirally compressed clutch type rotary sealing mechanism is used for sealing a rotary barrel.
  • the rotary barrel is installed on the frame and revolves under the drive of a rotary driving device.
  • the rear end of the rotary barrel is installed with the same
  • the central cylinder of the shaft, the central cylinder and the rotating barrel rotate integrally, the rotary sealing mechanism includes a rotary sealing cover, the rotary sealing cover is provided with a through hole in the center and is sleeved on the central cylinder through the through hole, the rotary sealing cover
  • the outer edge of the rotary drum is provided with a first sealing device for contact with the rear edge of the rotating barrel, characterized in that: the outer cylindrical surface of the central barrel is provided with an external thread, and the through hole of the rotary sealing cover There is a nut matched with the external thread;
  • the rotary sealing mechanism further includes a moving mechanism and a clutch mechanism
  • the moving mechanism includes a moving frame and a moving drive mechanism for driving the moving frame to move relative to the frame;
  • the clutch mechanism includes a first part, a second part and a third part.
  • the first part and the second part are mounted on the rotary sealing cover, and the third part is mounted on the movable frame and located between the first part and the Between the second parts; the first part and the third part constitute a meshing assembly, and the third part is also used to pull the second part back when the moving frame moves.
  • the first component and the third component are gear plates or pressing plates that mesh with each other.
  • the first part is a front sprocket mounted on the rear of the rotary sealing cover
  • the third part is a rear sprocket mounted on the movable frame through a clutch sleeve
  • the second part It is a clutch disc installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover.
  • the clutch disc is located behind the front sprocket and is spaced from the front sprocket.
  • the clutch sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the clutch disc, and the rear sprocket is located at the front sprocket. And the clutch disc.
  • the first component is a front tooth plate installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover
  • the third component is a rear tooth plate installed on the movable frame through a hook plate
  • the hook plate is It is arranged in the forward and backward direction
  • the second component is a hanger installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover
  • the hanger is in the shape of a gate, and has two sets of longitudinal rods running forward and backward, and the two ends are respectively connected to the rear ends of the two longitudinal rods
  • the front end of the vertical rod is connected with the rear part of the rotary sealing cover
  • the hook plate is used to contact the hanger to prevent the rotary sealing cover from rotating
  • the hook plate and the rear tooth plate are also used to Then pull the hanger.
  • the mechanism also includes a mobile bearing mechanism for supporting the mobile frame to move.
  • the mobile bearing mechanism includes a track and a wheel frame that runs on the track, and the wheel frame is installed on the movable frame body.
  • the mechanism also includes a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure between the mobile frame and the mobile carrying mechanism.
  • the rotating bucket is the mixing bucket on the mixer truck
  • the frame is the main frame of the mixer truck
  • the center tube is the center barrel on the mixing bucket
  • the movable frame body is For the cross beam
  • the moving drive mechanism is a telescopic cylinder.
  • the mechanism also includes a second sealing device arranged at the front end of the nut, and the second sealing device is in contact with the external thread.
  • a feed hopper is also installed on the beam, and a feed cylinder is connected to the discharge end of the feed hopper.
  • the feed cylinder extends into the center cylinder, and the rotary
  • the sealing mechanism also includes a third sealing device arranged between the feeding barrel and the center barrel.
  • the present invention has the following positive effects: (1) The present invention realizes the opening and closing of the rotary sealing cover by means of the screw mechanism and the rotary power of the mixing barrel, with large sealing and pressing force and good effect; (2) Hydraulic cylinder or The cylinder as a mobile driving mechanism only intervenes when the cover is opened and closed. When the mixer truck is running normally, the telescopic cylinder is in a non-working state, which is not easy to wear and has a long service life; (3) The rotary sealing cover is directly sleeved on the center barrel without a rotary support device.
  • the clutch mechanism can prevent the rotary sealing cover from rotating when the cover is opened and closed, and cooperate with the screw mechanism to complete the opening and closing action.
  • it can also cooperate with the moving mechanism to push /Pull the rotary sealing cover close to or away from the external thread, thereby shortening the stroke of the threaded part, improving the efficiency of the switch cover, reducing the cost, reducing the weight, reducing the energy consumption, and making the structure more compact;
  • This device cooperates with pressure sensor and controller to facilitate mechanization and automatic operation.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary sealing cover and the clutch mechanism when the front tooth plate and the back tooth plate are engaged in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary sealing cover and the clutch mechanism after the front tooth plate and the back tooth plate are separated in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure sensor arranged on the track.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure sensor arranged on the beam.
  • a spirally compressed clutch type rotary sealing mechanism is used for sealing a rotary barrel.
  • the rotary barrel is installed on the frame and revolves under the drive of a rotary driving device.
  • the rear end of the rotary barrel is installed with the same
  • the central cylinder of the shaft, the central cylinder and the rotating barrel rotate integrally, the rotary sealing mechanism includes a rotary sealing cover for sealing the opening at the rear end of the rotary barrel, the center of the rotary sealing cover is provided with a through hole and passes through the through hole It is sleeved on the central cylinder, and the outer edge of the rotary sealing cover is provided with a first sealing device for contact with the rear edge of the rotary barrel.
  • An external thread is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the central cylinder, and a nut matched with the external thread is provided at the through hole of the rotary sealing cover.
  • the rotary sealing mechanism also includes a moving mechanism and a clutch mechanism.
  • the moving mechanism includes a moving frame and a moving drive mechanism for driving the moving frame to move relative to the frame.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a first part, a second part and a third part.
  • the first part and the second part are mounted on the rotary sealing cover, and the third part is mounted on the movable frame and located between the first part and the Between the second parts; the first part and the third part constitute a meshing assembly.
  • the third component is also used to pull the second component backward when the movable frame moves.
  • the first component and the third component are gear plates or pressure plates that mesh with each other.
  • the rotating sealing cover When the rotating sealing cover is close to the rotating barrel, the first part and the second part are engaged by the moving mechanism.
  • the rotating sealing cover cannot follow the rotating barrel or the central barrel to rotate, and can only move back and forth relative to the central barrel under the action of the external thread to realize the rotary seal Opening and closing of the cover.
  • the moving mechanism pushes/pulls the rotary sealing cover through the clutch mechanism to realize the rapid movement of the rotary sealing cover.
  • the rotary sealing mechanism in this embodiment is used in a mixer truck device.
  • the rotating bucket is the mixing bucket 1 on the mixer truck
  • the frame is the main frame of the mixer truck
  • the center tube is the center barrel 2 on the mixing bucket 1
  • the movable frame is a beam. 6.
  • the moving drive mechanism is a telescopic cylinder 7.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 can be a hydraulic cylinder, or an air cylinder, or an electric screw rod or other mechanical or human device.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 has an intermediate position, which is used for some operations that require a half-opening of the rotary sealing cover.
  • the first component is the front sprocket 9 installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover 3, and the third component is the rear sprocket 10 installed on the movable frame through the clutch sleeve 11.
  • the two parts are the clutch disc 12 installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover 3 through a cylindrical part.
  • the clutch disc 12 is located behind the front sprocket 9 and is spaced apart from the front sprocket 9.
  • the clutch sleeve 11 is set On the outside of the clutch disk 12, the rear sprocket 10 is located between the front sprocket 9 and the clutch disk 12.
  • the chainring can be partial or a complete ring.
  • the clutch sleeve 11 can be cylindrical or frame-shaped, including several columns with tooth plates or tooth discs and horizontal rings connecting the columns.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 After closing, the telescopic cylinder 7 is extended to the middle position to disengage the gear plate, and the rotary sealing cover 3 starts to rotate with the mixing barrel 1, after which the telescopic cylinder 7 is pressure-relieved and is in an unstressed state, reducing wear and energy consumption.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 When the rotary sealing cover 3 is opened, the telescopic cylinder 7 first shrinks, and the rear gear plate 10 moves forward following the beam 6 and meshes with the front gear plate 9. After that, the mixing barrel 1 and the center barrel 2 start to rotate in reverse, because the gear plate is already engaged , The rotary sealing cover 3 cannot rotate, so it moves backward under the action of the screw mechanism. The rotary sealing cover 3 gradually opens. During this process, the telescopic cylinder 7 will also extend.
  • the mechanism also includes a movable bearing mechanism for supporting the movable frame to move.
  • the mobile bearing mechanism includes a rail 19 and a wheel frame 18 running on the rail 19, and the wheel frame 18 is mounted on the mobile frame body.
  • the mechanism also includes a pressure sensor 20 for detecting the pressure between the mobile frame and the mobile bearing mechanism.
  • the pressure sensor 20 can be installed on the rail 19 as shown in FIG. 5, or may be installed on the rail 19 as shown in FIG. 6 on the beam.
  • the pressure sensor 20 can monitor the torque received by the rotary sealing cover 3, and then infer whether it has been compressed.
  • the pressure value is greater than the set value, the telescopic cylinder 7 is controlled to extend and the gear plate is released. open.
  • the rail 19 When the pressure sensor 20 is arranged on the rail 19, the rail 19 may be hinged with the frame at the rear end and connected with the frame at the front end via a spring, so as to transmit the pressure value to the sensor. It is also possible to set a cover plate at the front of the rail 19, and place the pressure sensor 20 under the cover plate. When the sensor is working, the cover plate is compressed. When driving, the telescopic cylinder 7 is located in the middle position, and the wheel frame 18 is located in the middle and rear of the rail 19 Part, the cover plate is not compressed, and even bumps can protect the pressure sensor 20 from additional shocks, and improve its service life and the reliability of the entire system.
  • the mechanism also includes a second sealing device 8 arranged at the front end of the nut 3-1, and the second sealing device 8 is in contact with the external thread 2-1.
  • a feed hopper 5 is also installed on the beam 6, and the discharge end of the feed hopper 5 is connected with a feed cylinder 5-1, and the feed cylinder 5-1 extends into the center In the barrel 2, the rotary sealing mechanism further includes a third sealing device 13 arranged between the feeding barrel 5-1 and the central barrel 2.
  • the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the clutch mechanism: the first part is the front tooth plate 14 installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover 3, and the third part is through the hook plate. 17
  • the rear tooth plate 15 installed on the movable frame body, the hook plate 17 is arranged forward and backward
  • the second component is the hanger 16 installed at the rear of the rotary sealing cover 3
  • the hanger 16 is in the shape of a door Or arched structure, with two sets of longitudinal rods running forward and backward and cross rods whose ends are respectively connected to the rear ends of the two longitudinal rods.
  • the front ends of the longitudinal rods are connected to the rear of the rotary sealing cover 3, and the hook
  • the plate 17 is used for contacting the hanger 16 to prevent the rotary sealing cover 3 from rotating, and the hook plate 17 and the rear tooth plate 15 are also used for pulling the hanger 16 backward.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 In addition to being able to extend and retract to the extreme position, the telescopic cylinder 7 also has an intermediate position.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 When the rotary sealing cover 3 is opened, the telescopic cylinder 7 first shrinks to the middle position, and then the hanger 16 hits the hook plate 17 when rotating with the rotary sealing cover 3, stops rotating, and then the telescopic cylinder 7 contracts, and the rear tooth plate 15 follows the cross beam 6 Move forward and engage with the front tooth plate 14, then the mixing barrel 1 and the central barrel 2 start to rotate in the opposite direction. Because the tooth plate is already engaged, the rotary sealing cover 3 cannot rotate, and can only move backward under the action of the screw mechanism. The sealing cover 3 is gradually opened. During this process, the telescopic cylinder 7 is stretched under force.
  • the telescopic cylinder 7 After closing, the telescopic cylinder 7 is first extended to the middle position to disengage the tooth plate, the rotary sealing cover 3 starts to rotate with the mixing barrel 1, the hanger 16 is separated from the hook plate 17, and then the telescopic cylinder 7 is extended to the hook plate 17 and The position or limit position where the hanger 16 cannot be touched prevents the hook plate 17 and the rear tooth plate 15 from colliding with the hanger 16, after which the telescopic cylinder 7 is released from pressure and is in an unstressed state.
  • the above-mentioned clutch mechanism can also be transformed into other structural forms by changing the shape and position. It can only block the rotation of the rotary sealing cover through a similar meshing or biting structure, so that the screw can be tightened or loosened, and the cover can be quickly opened and closed by pushing and pulling. , Are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • This mechanism can also be used in other rotary seal occasions, so I won’t repeat them here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，用于旋转桶的密封，旋转桶的后端设有与其同轴且一体回转的中心筒，回转密封机构包括回转密封盖，中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，回转密封盖上设有与外螺纹相配合的螺母；机构还包括移动机构和离合机构；离合机构包括第一部件、第二部件和第三部件，第一部件和第二部件安装在回转密封盖上，第三部件安装在移动架体上且位于第一部件和第二部件之间；第一部件与第三部件构成啮合组件，第三部件还用于随移动架体动作时向后拉动所述第二部件。本发明通过螺纹机构驱动回转密封盖开关，且伸缩缸只在开关时介入，具有密封效果好、伸缩缸磨损小和无需回转支撑装置的优点。

Description

一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于混凝土搅拌车搅拌桶的密封，也可用于其它类似场合的回转密封。
 背景技术
目前，搅拌车还是以敞口为主，存在的问题是搅拌车耐候性不好，满足不了混凝土质量的要求，也严重地影响了混凝土质量的向前发展，无法满足节能、绿色施工的要求。为解决上述问题，本领域提出了带有回转密封的搅拌车，中空轴式回转密封结构（参考申请号为CN201710753539.8、公开日为2017.11.14的发明专利）是其中具有代表性的一种，它将封堵搅拌筒的密封盖改为可回转的形式，使之随搅拌桶转动，大大缩小了动密封的回转半径，降低了密封部位的相对线速度，密封效果好，磨损小，可靠性高，维护难度低。
然而，现有技术中的中空轴回转密封是靠液压缸或气缸压紧的，存在的问题是：1、在运行时液压（气）缸需要始终压紧，由于搅拌桶在不断的旋转，车辆在行走，产生较大的轴向和径向力，导致缸杆在不停的进出和摆动，时间久了磨损会较大；2、对于气缸，压力小，满足不了回转密封的压力要求，造成密封效果不好；3、需要回转支撑，一是回转支撑重量大，二是不能抵消搅拌桶旋转和颠簸产生的破坏力，回转支撑装置磨损严重，寿命低。
 技术问题
本发明提出了一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其目的是：（1）减小液压缸/气缸元件的磨损；（2）提高密封效果；（3）减小回转支撑装置的磨损；（4）减轻装置重量；（5）减少能耗；（6）降低装置的成本。
 技术解决方案
本发明技术方案如下：
一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，用于旋转桶的密封，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封机构包括回转密封盖，所述回转密封盖中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的第一密封装置，其特征在于：所述中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，所述回转密封盖的通孔处设有与所述外螺纹相配合的螺母；
所述回转密封机构还包括移动机构和离合机构；
所述移动机构包括移动架体和用于驱动所述移动架体相对于机架移动的移动驱动机构；
所述离合机构包括第一部件、第二部件和第三部件，所述第一部件和第二部件安装在回转密封盖上，所述第三部件安装在移动架体上且位于第一部件和第二部件之间；所述第一部件与第三部件构成啮合组件，所述第三部件还用于随移动架体动作时向后拉动所述第二部件。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述第一部件和第三部件是相互啮合的齿盘或压板。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖后部的前齿盘，所述第三部件是通过离合套安装在移动架体上的后齿盘，所述第二部件是安装在回转密封盖后部的离合盘，所述离合盘位于前齿盘的后方且与前齿盘之间留有间距，所述离合套套装在离合盘外侧，后齿盘位于前齿盘与离合盘之间。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖后部的前牙板，所述第三部件是通过勾板安装在移动架体上的后牙板，所述勾板为前后走向设置，所述第二部件是安装在回转密封盖后部的挂架，所述挂架为门字形，具有两组前后走向的纵杆以及两端分别与两支纵杆后端相连接的横杆，所述纵杆的前端与回转密封盖的后部相连接，所述勾板用于与挂架相接触以阻止回转密封盖旋转，所述勾板和后牙板还用于向后拉动挂架。
作为该机构的进一步改进：还包括移动承载机构，用于支撑移动架体进行移动。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述移动承载机构包括轨道和在轨道上行走的轮架，所述轮架安装在移动架体上。
作为该机构的进一步改进：还包括用于检测移动架体与移动承载机构之间压力的压力传感器。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述旋转桶为搅拌车上的搅拌桶，所述机架为搅拌车的主车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶上的中心料筒，所述移动架体为横梁，所述移动驱动机构为伸缩缸。
作为该机构的进一步改进：还包括设置在螺母前端的第二密封装置，所述第二密封装置与所述外螺纹相接触。
作为该机构的进一步改进：所述横梁上还安装有进料斗，所述进料斗的出料端连接有进料筒，所述进料筒伸入到所述中心料筒中，所述回转密封机构还包括设置在进料筒与中心料筒之间的第三密封装置。
 有益效果
相对于现有技术，本发明具有以下积极效果：（1）本发明通过螺纹机构借助搅拌桶的回转动力实现回转密封盖的开闭，密封压紧力大、效果好；（2）液压缸或气缸作为移动驱动机构只在开关盖时介入，搅拌车正常行驶时伸缩缸处于非工作状态，不易磨损，使用寿命长；（3）回转密封盖直接套装在中心料筒上，无需回转支撑装置，减轻了装置重量，降低了成本，减少了后期维护量；（4）离合机构一方面可以在开关盖时防止回转密封盖转动，配合螺纹机构完成开关盖动作，另一方面还能够配合移动机构推/拉回转密封盖，使其靠近或远离外螺纹，从而缩短了螺纹部分的行程，提高了开关盖的效率，降低了成本，减轻了重量，减少了能耗，结构更加紧凑；（5）本装置配合压力传感器、控制器便于实现机械化和自动化操作。
 附图说明
图1为实施例一的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A部分的局部放大图。
图3为实施例二中前牙板和后牙板啮合时，回转密封盖和离合机构部分的结构示意图。
图4为实施例二中前牙板和后牙板脱开后，回转密封盖和离合机构部分的结构示意图。
图5为压力传感器设置在轨道上的结构示意图。
图6为压力传感器设置在横梁上的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的技术方案：
一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，用于旋转桶的密封，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封机构包括用来密封旋转桶后端开口的回转密封盖，所述回转密封盖中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的第一密封装置。
所述中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹，所述回转密封盖的通孔处设有与所述外螺纹相配合的螺母。
所述回转密封机构还包括移动机构和离合机构。
所述移动机构包括移动架体和用于驱动所述移动架体相对于机架移动的移动驱动机构。
所述离合机构包括第一部件、第二部件和第三部件，所述第一部件和第二部件安装在回转密封盖上，所述第三部件安装在移动架体上且位于第一部件和第二部件之间；所述第一部件与第三部件构成啮合组件。
所述第三部件还用于随移动架体动作时向后拉动所述第二部件。
一般的，所述第一部件和第三部件是相互啮合的齿盘或压板。
回转密封盖靠近旋转桶时，通过移动机构使第一部件和第二部件啮合，回转密封盖无法跟随旋转桶或中心筒旋转，只能在外螺纹的作用下相对于中心筒前后移动，实现回转密封盖的开闭。当外螺纹和螺母脱开后，由移动机构通过离合机构来推/拉回转密封盖，实现回转密封盖的快速移动。
实施例一
如图1和2，本实施例中的回转密封机构用于搅拌车装置。具体的，所述旋转桶为搅拌车上的搅拌桶1，所述机架为搅拌车的主车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶1上的中心料筒2，所述移动架体为横梁6，所述移动驱动机构为伸缩缸7。伸缩缸7可以是液压缸，也可以是气缸，还可以是电动丝杆或其它机械或人力装置。伸缩缸7除了能够伸出和收缩到极限位置，还有一个中间位置，用于一些需要回转密封盖半开的操作。
本实施例中，所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖3后部的前齿盘9，所述第三部件是通过离合套11安装在移动架体上的后齿盘10，所述第二部件是通过筒状部件安装在回转密封盖3后部的离合盘12，所述离合盘12位于前齿盘9的后方且与前齿盘9之间留有间距，所述离合套11套装在离合盘12外侧，后齿盘10位于前齿盘9与离合盘12之间。
齿盘可以是局部的，也可以是完整的环形。离合套11可以是筒状，也可以做成框架式，包括几个带有牙板或齿盘的立柱以及连接立柱的横环。
回转密封盖3闭合时，伸缩缸7收缩，后齿盘10跟随横梁6向前移动、与前齿盘9啮合，然后继续推动回转密封盖3向前移动使螺母3-1与外螺纹2-1相接触，之后搅拌桶1和中心料筒2开始旋转，由于齿盘已经啮合，回转密封盖3无法回转，因而在螺纹机构的作用下向前移动，直至第一密封装置4压紧，完成闭合动作。闭合后，伸缩缸7伸长到中间位置，使齿盘脱开，回转密封盖3开始跟随搅拌桶1转动，之后伸缩缸7泄压，处于不受力状态，减少磨损和能耗。
回转密封盖3打开时，伸缩缸7先收缩，后齿盘10跟随横梁6向前移动、与前齿盘9啮合，之后搅拌桶1和中心料筒2开始反向旋转，由于齿盘已经啮合，回转密封盖3无法回转，因而在螺纹机构的作用下向后移动，回转密封盖3逐渐打开，该过程中伸缩缸7也会随之伸长，当螺母3-1与外螺纹2-1脱开后，后齿盘10与前齿盘9也脱开，伸缩缸7再伸长，后齿盘10与前齿盘9脱开、向后移动后与离合盘12相接触，推动回转密封盖3继续向后移动到极限位置，将回转密封盖3彻底打开。
进一步的，为了避免伸缩缸7磨损，本机构还包括移动承载机构，用于支撑移动架体进行移动。
如图5和6，所述移动承载机构包括轨道19和在轨道19上行走的轮架18，所述轮架18安装在移动架体上。
进一步的，本机构还包括用于检测移动架体与移动承载机构之间压力的压力传感器20，该压力传感器20可以如图5所示安装在轨道19上，也可以如图6所示设置在横梁6上。
闭合回转密封盖3时，可以通过压力传感器20监测回转密封盖3所受的扭矩，继而推测出是否已经压紧，当压力值大于设定值，再控制伸缩缸7伸长，使齿盘脱开。
当压力传感器20设置在轨道19上时，轨道19可以是后端与车架铰接、前端通过弹簧与车架连接的，以便将压力值传递到传感器。还可以在轨道19前部设置一个盖板，将压力传感器20放在盖板下方，传感器工作时，盖板被压缩，行驶时，伸缩缸7位于中间位置，轮架18位于轨道19的中后部，盖板不被压缩，即使颠簸也可以保护压力传感器20免受额外冲击，提高其使用寿命和整个系统的可靠性。
机构还包括设置在螺母3-1前端的第二密封装置8，所述第二密封装置8与所述外螺纹2-1相接触。
作为搅拌车，所述横梁6上还安装有进料斗5，所述进料斗5的出料端连接有进料筒5-1，所述进料筒5-1伸入到所述中心料筒2中，所述回转密封机构还包括设置在进料筒5-1与中心料筒2之间的第三密封装置13。
实施例二
如图3和4，本实施例与实施例一的主要区别在于离合机构部分：所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖3后部的前牙板14，所述第三部件是通过勾板17安装在移动架体上的后牙板15，所述勾板17为前后走向设置，所述第二部件是安装在回转密封盖3后部的挂架16，所述挂架16为门字形或拱形结构，具有两组前后走向的纵杆以及两端分别与两支纵杆后端相连接的横杆，所述纵杆的前端与回转密封盖3的后部相连接，所述勾板17用于与挂架16相接触以阻止回转密封盖3旋转，所述勾板17和后牙板15还用于向后拉动挂架16。
伸缩缸7除了能够伸出和收缩到极限位置，还有一个中间位置。
回转密封盖3打开时，伸缩缸7先收缩到中间位置，然后挂架16随回转密封盖3回转时碰到勾板17、停止转动，然后伸缩缸7收缩，后牙板15跟随横梁6向前移动、与前牙板14啮合，之后搅拌桶1和中心料筒2开始反向旋转，由于牙板已经啮合，回转密封盖3无法回转，只能在螺纹机构的作用下向后移动，回转密封盖3逐渐打开，该过程中伸缩缸7受力伸长，当螺母3-1与外螺纹2-1脱开后，伸缩缸7再伸长到极限位置，后牙板15与前牙板14脱开、向后移动后与挂架16相接触，推动回转密封盖3继续向后移动到极限位置，将回转密封盖3彻底打开。
回转密封盖3闭合时，伸缩缸7先收缩，后牙板15跟随横梁6向前移动、与前牙板14啮合，然后继续推动回转密封盖3向前移动使螺母3-1与外螺纹2-1相接触，之后搅拌桶1和中心料筒2开始旋转，由于牙板已经啮合，回转密封盖3无法回转，只能在螺纹机构的作用下向前移动，直至第一密封装置4压紧，完成闭合动作。闭合后，伸缩缸7先伸长到中间位置，使牙板脱开，回转密封盖3开始跟随搅拌桶1转动，挂架16脱离勾板17，然后伸缩缸7再伸长到勾板17和挂架16接触不到的位置或极限位置，防止勾板17和后牙板15与挂架16碰撞，之后伸缩缸7泄压、处于不受力状态。
显而易见，上述离合机构也可以通过形状、位置的改动变换为其它结构形式，只能是通过类似啮合或咬合的结构阻挡回转密封盖回转，使螺旋旋紧或松开、通过推拉动作实现快速开关盖，都在本发明的保护范围之内。
本机构也可以用于其它回转密封的场合，在此不做一一赘述。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，用于旋转桶的密封，所述旋转桶安装在机架上、且在回转驱动装置的驱动下回转，所述旋转桶的后端安装有与其同轴的中心筒，所述中心筒与旋转桶一体回转，所述回转密封机构包括回转密封盖（3），所述回转密封盖（3）中心处设有通孔且通过该通孔套装在中心筒上，回转密封盖（3）的外边缘处设有用于与所述旋转桶的后端边缘相接触的第一密封装置（4），其特征在于：所述中心筒的外圆柱面上设有外螺纹（2-1），所述回转密封盖（3）的通孔处设有与所述外螺纹（2-1）相配合的螺母（3-1）；
    所述回转密封机构还包括移动机构和离合机构；
    所述移动机构包括移动架体和用于驱动所述移动架体相对于机架移动的移动驱动机构；
    所述离合机构包括第一部件、第二部件和第三部件，所述第一部件和第二部件安装在回转密封盖（3）上，所述第三部件安装在移动架体上且位于第一部件和第二部件之间；所述第一部件与第三部件构成啮合组件，所述第三部件还用于随移动架体动作时向后拉动所述第二部件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述第一部件和第三部件是相互啮合的齿盘或压板。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖（3）后部的前齿盘（9），所述第三部件是通过离合套（11）安装在移动架体上的后齿盘（10），所述第二部件是安装在回转密封盖（3）后部的离合盘（12），所述离合盘（12）位于前齿盘（9）的后方且与前齿盘（9）之间留有间距，所述离合套（11）套装在离合盘（12）外侧，后齿盘（10）位于前齿盘（9）与离合盘（12）之间。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述第一部件是安装在回转密封盖（3）后部的前牙板（14），所述第三部件是通过勾板（17）安装在移动架体上的后牙板（15），所述勾板（17）为前后走向设置，所述第二部件是安装在回转密封盖（3）后部的挂架（16），所述挂架（16）为门字形，具有两组前后走向的纵杆以及两端分别与两支纵杆后端相连接的横杆，所述纵杆的前端与回转密封盖（3）的后部相连接，所述勾板（17）用于与挂架（16）相接触以阻止回转密封盖（3）旋转，所述勾板（17）和后牙板（15）还用于向后拉动挂架（16）。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：还包括移动承载机构，用于支撑移动架体进行移动。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述移动承载机构包括轨道（19）和在轨道（19）上行走的轮架（18），所述轮架（18）安装在移动架体上。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：还包括用于检测移动架体与移动承载机构之间压力的压力传感器（20）。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述旋转桶为搅拌车上的搅拌桶（1），所述机架为搅拌车的主车架，所述中心筒为搅拌桶（1）上的中心料筒（2），所述移动架体为横梁（6），所述移动驱动机构为伸缩缸（7）。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：还包括设置在螺母（3-1）前端的第二密封装置（8），所述第二密封装置（8）与所述外螺纹（2-1）相接触。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构，其特征在于：所述横梁（6）上还安装有进料斗（5），所述进料斗（5）的出料端连接有进料筒（5-1），所述进料筒（5-1）伸入到所述中心料筒（2）中，所述回转密封机构还包括设置在进料筒（5-1）与中心料筒（2）之间的第三密封装置（13）。
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CN108858783A (zh) * 2018-09-18 2018-11-23 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 搅拌车回转密封系统
CN109366736A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-02-22 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 非固定回转轴的搅拌车回转密封装置
CN109624087A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-16 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 一体式回转密封系统
CN109808066A (zh) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-28 安徽星马专用汽车有限公司 一种混凝土搅拌车气压驱动侧开式尾盖装置及使用方法
CN110103339A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2019-08-09 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构
CN210190163U (zh) * 2019-06-12 2020-03-27 烟台盛利达工程技术有限公司 一种螺旋压紧的离合式回转密封机构

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