WO2020211689A1

WO2020211689A1 - Smelting method and smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic mineral materials using short process

Info

Publication number: WO2020211689A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/083785
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李东波; 刘诚; 黎敏; 尉克俭; 茹洪顺; 李曰荣; 徐小锋; 曹珂菲; 李兵; 陈学刚; 郭亚光
Original assignee: 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-04-17
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2020-10-22
Also published as: CN109880955A; ZA202005923B; CN109880955B

Abstract

Disclosed is a smelting method and smelting device for processing an iron-based polymetallic mineral using a short process. The smelting system used in the smelting method includes a bath smelting device. A dividing wall (30) is provided in the bath of the bath smelting device. The dividing wall divides the bath into a melting zone (10) and an electrothermal reduction zone (20), and the bottom of the melting zone (10) is connected to the electrothermal reduction zone (20). The smelting method includes transporting the iron-based polymetallic minerals, fuel, flux and oxygen-enriched air to the melting zone, and performing melting and partial reduction to obtain molten liquid; transporting the molten liquid and a reducing agent to the electrothermal reduction zone and performing reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag.

Description

Smelting method and smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic mineral materials in short process

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of metal smelting, in particular to a smelting method and a smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic mineral materials in a short process.

Background technique

Vanadium-titanium magnetite is a more difficult ore to smelt. At present, there are two main types of vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting processes that have been maturely used: one is the blast furnace method, which is to first sinter or pelletize vanadium-titanium magnetite and then add it to the blast furnace to recover iron and vanadium. At present, the main smelting processes using this process are China's Panzhihua Iron and Steel, Chengcheng Iron and Steel, and Russia's Nizhny Tagil Steel Plant. The second is the rotary kiln-electric furnace method. It mainly uses a rotary kiln to pre-reduce vanadium-titanium magnetite iron ore to obtain calcine; then the calcine is added to an electric furnace for reduction smelting to recover iron and vanadium. Currently, New Zealand steel and South Africa Hayward are mainly used for smelting. However, most of the other vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting processes are in the research or industrial test stage, and large-scale industrial production has not been realized.

The blast furnace method is the earliest method developed for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite iron concentrate, which can recover about 90% of iron and about 50% of vanadium, but the titanium element cannot be recovered. The main advantages of blast furnace treatment of vanadium-titanium magnetite are high production efficiency and large production scale. The disadvantages are high comprehensive energy consumption, long process flow, difficult separation of slag and iron, low slag sticking and low desulfurization capabilities. In addition, the blast furnace method requires a higher content of TiO ₂ in the slag, generally less than 25%.

The characteristic of the rotary kiln-electric furnace method is that the vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate obtained by the beneficiation can be directly used for smelting, the process is short, the recovery rate of iron and vanadium is higher than that of the blast furnace method, but the titanium slag cannot be recycled yet. . The prior art (CN107858502A) provides a treatment method for vanadium-titanium magnetite. The treatment method first performs ore dressing, rotary kiln pre-reduction, electric furnace reduction smelting and converter smelting on the vanadium-titanium magnetite coarse ore in sequence to obtain vanadium Slag and semi-steel. Compared with the blast furnace method, the rotary kiln-electric furnace method has lower comprehensive energy consumption, does not require coking and sintering, and has better environmental emission indicators. The disadvantage of the rotary kiln-electric furnace method is that the comprehensive energy consumption is still high, and the dependence on electric energy is strong, and it is difficult to promote in areas with scarce power resources or high power costs.

In view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a short-flow and low-energy smelting method for iron-based polymetallic minerals.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a smelting method and a smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process, so as to solve the problems of long process and high energy consumption in the existing smelting process.

In order to achieve the above objective, according to one aspect of the present invention, a smelting method for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process is provided. The iron-based polymetallic minerals contain iron, titanium, and vanadium. The smelting method uses The smelting system includes a molten pool smelting device. The molten pool of the molten pool smelting device is provided with partition walls to divide the molten pool into a melting zone and an electrothermal reduction zone, and the bottom of the melting zone is connected with the electrothermal reduction zone, and the molten pool is also provided with The first feeding port and the second feeding port connected to the melting zone, the slag discharge port and the metal discharge port connected to the electrothermal reduction zone, and the first feeding port is set at the top of the melting pool smelting device, and the second feeding port is set at On the side wall of the molten pool smelting device, the smelting method includes: transporting iron-based polymetallic minerals, fuel, flux and oxygen-enriched air to the melting zone for melting and partial reduction to obtain molten liquid; transporting molten liquid and reducing agent To the electrothermal reduction zone for reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag.

Further, the melting and partial reduction process includes: adding the iron-based polymetallic mineral material and flux to the melting zone through the first feeding port and/or the second feeding port of the molten pool smelting device, and adding at least one first side blowing spray gun The nozzle is immersed under the solid phase material in the melting zone through the second feeding port, and then the first side blowing spray gun is used to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone to perform the melting and partial reduction process to obtain the molten liquid; preferably The fuel is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal gas and pulverized coal; preferably, the oxygen-enriched air is a gas with a volume concentration of oxygen greater than 50%.

Further, the step of reduction smelting treatment further includes: transporting the molten liquid to the electrothermal reduction zone, and then using a second side blowing spray gun and/or top blowing spray gun to spray the reducing agent above the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone.

Further, the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1450 to 1650°C; preferably, the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1500 to 1600°C.

Further, before performing the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method further includes: pre-treating the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, fuel, flux and reducing agent respectively to make the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, fuel, flux and reducing agent The particle size of the agent is ≤50mm, and the water content is ≤15wt%.

Further, the molten pool smelting system further includes a cylindrical mixing device respectively connected with the first feeding port and/or the second feeding port. Before the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method also includes the use of cylindrical mixing The device performs mixing.

Further, the smelting system further includes a waste heat recovery device, and the smelting method also includes a waste heat recovery step. The waste heat recovery step includes: using a waste heat recovery device to recover the heat in the flue gas generated during the melting and partial reduction process and the reduction smelting process; preferably Ground, after the waste heat recovery treatment, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-200°C; preferably, the waste heat recovery device is a waste heat boiler.

Further, the smelting system further includes a dust collection device, and the smelting method further includes: after the flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery treatment, the dust collection device is used for dust collection treatment.

Further, the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone is 0-500mm, preferably, the height of the bottom wall of the melting zone is higher than the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone, more preferably 150-500mm; Ground, the slope of the receiving portion between the bottom wall of the melting zone and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone is 0-90°, more preferably 30-60°.

Further, the iron-based polymetallic mineral material is selected from vanadium-titanium magnetite and/or sea placer.

This application provides a molten pool smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process. The molten pool smelting device is provided with a molten pool and a partition wall arranged in the molten pool. The partition wall divides the molten pool into melting zones. It is connected with the electrothermal reduction zone, the bottom of the melting zone and the electrothermal reduction zone, and the molten pool is also provided with a first feeding port and a second feeding port connected with the melting zone, and a slag discharge port and a metal discharge port connected with the electrothermal reduction zone, And the first feeding port is arranged on the top of the molten pool smelting device, and the second feeding port is arranged on the side wall of the molten pool smelting device.

Further, the melting zone includes at least one first side blowing spray gun, and the nozzle of the first side blowing spray gun is immersed below the liquid level of the melting zone through the second feeding port to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone.

Further, the electrothermal reduction zone includes: at least one electrode, at least one second side blowing spray gun and at least one top blowing spray gun, and the end of the electrode is located below the solid phase material in the electrothermal reduction zone for supplying heat to the electrothermal reduction process; second The nozzle of the side blowing spray gun and the nozzle of the top blowing spray gun are both located above the liquid level of the electrothermal reduction zone, and are used to spray the reducing agent into the electrothermal reduction zone; preferably, each second side blowing spray gun is respectively arranged on the opposite side of the reduction zone On the wall.

Further, the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone is 0-500mm, preferably, the height of the bottom wall of the melting zone is higher than that of the electrothermal reduction zone, more preferably 150-500mm.

Further, the slope of the receiving part between the bottom wall of the melting zone and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone is 0-90°.

Further, the molten pool smelting device is also provided with a flue, and the flue is arranged on the top of the molten pool corresponding to the electrothermal reduction zone.

Applying the technical solution of the present invention, in the above-mentioned smelting method, the above-mentioned smelting process, the melting and partial reduction process, and the electrothermal reduction process are performed in the same bath smelting device. On the one hand, the area required for the above-mentioned smelting process is small, the configuration height difference of the molten pool smelting device is reduced, and the capital investment in the molten pool smelting device can also be reduced; on the other hand, it can save the melt discharge and The added operation steps improve the production efficiency and reduce the consumption of operators and corresponding tools. In addition, the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process are completed in the same molten pool smelting device, and the electrothermal reduction zone can also use the heat of the molten liquid to maintain a higher temperature, reducing the power consumption during the individual reduction and depletion; Taking into account both melting and reduction and depletion operations, the amount of melt stored in the furnace is relatively large, which can increase the slag storage time and facilitate the separation of titanium slag and vanadium-containing molten iron; at the same time, the flue gas generated by the two processes can be mixed for treatment, reducing construction Investment in two flue gas treatment systems.

Description of the drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a smelting method for processing iron-based polymetallic mineral materials according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a molten pool smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 shows an A-A side view of a molten pool smelting system for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 shows a C-C side view of a molten pool smelting system for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, the above drawings include the following reference signs:

10. Melting zone; 11. The first side blowing spray gun; 101, the first feeding port; 102, the second feeding port; 20, the electrothermal reduction zone; 21, the electrode; 22, the second side blowing spray gun; 23, the top blowing spray gun 24. Flue; 201. Slag discharge port; 202. Metal discharge port; 30. Partition wall.

detailed description

It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with embodiments.

As described in the background art, the existing smelting process has the problems of long flow and high energy consumption. In order to solve the above technical problems, this application provides a smelting method for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process. The iron-based polymetallic minerals contain iron, titanium, and vanadium. The smelting system used in the smelting method includes The molten pool smelting device, the molten pool of the molten pool smelting device is provided with a partition wall 30 to divide the molten pool into a melting zone 10 and an electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the bottom of the melting zone 10 is connected to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, the molten pool The smelting device is provided with a first feeding port 101 and a second feeding port 102 communicating with the melting zone 10, and a slag discharge port 201 and a metal discharge port 202 communicating with the electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the first feeding port 101 is set in the molten pool On the top of the smelting device, the second feeding port 102 is set on the side wall of the molten pool smelting device; the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102, and the slag discharge port 201 are set on the side wall of the molten pool smelting device. At the top, the second feeding port 102 is arranged on the side wall of the melting pool smelting device; the mixing outlet is connected to the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned smelting method includes: The iron-based polymetallic mineral material, fuel, flux and oxygen-enriched air are transported to the melting zone 10 for melting and partial reduction to obtain a molten liquid; the molten liquid and reducing agent are transported to the electrothermal reduction zone 20 for reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing Elemental molten iron and titanium slag.

The partition wall 30 divides the molten pool into a melting zone 10 and an electrothermal reduction zone 20, so that the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process can be completed in one smelting device, and the partition wall 30 can also suppress the melting zone. The unreacted materials in 10 enter the electrothermal reduction zone 20. In the above melting and partial reduction process, the raw materials are fed into the melting zone 10 through the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102, and the heat is provided by the combustion of fuel and oxygen-enriched air, so that the iron-based polymetallic minerals are melted and partially reduced , The addition of the flux can separate the impurities in the iron-based polymetallic mineral material from the iron element in the form of titanium slag, while reducing the melting point to obtain the molten liquid; after the molten liquid is transported to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, the reducing agent and the molten liquid Iron, vanadium, etc. are reduced. At the same time, under the effect of depletion, the liquid phase product and solid phase product in the reduction product system are separated to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag, which are correspondingly passed through the slag outlet 201 and the metal The discharge port 202 discharges.

The above smelting process, melting and partial reduction process and electrothermal reduction process are carried out in the same molten pool smelting device. On the one hand, the area required for the above-mentioned smelting process is small, the configuration height difference of the molten pool smelting device is reduced, and the capital investment in the molten pool smelting device can also be reduced; on the other hand, it can save the melt discharge and The added operation steps improve the production efficiency and reduce the consumption of operators and corresponding tools. In addition, the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process are completed in the same molten pool smelting device, and the electrothermal reduction zone 20 can also use the heat of the molten liquid to maintain a higher temperature, reducing the consumption of electric energy during separate reduction and depletion; The pool takes into account both melting and reduction and depletion operations. The amount of melt stored in the furnace is relatively large, which can increase the slag storage time and facilitate the separation of titanium slag and vanadium-containing molten iron; at the same time, the flue gas generated by the two processes can be mixed for treatment, reducing Investment in the construction of two flue gas treatment systems. Preferably, the iron-based polymetallic mineral material mentioned in this application is selected from vanadium-titanium magnetite and/or sea placer.

The use of the above smelting method has the advantages of short process flow, low energy consumption, low cost and high recovery rate of iron and vanadium elements. In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned melting and partial reduction process includes: adding iron-based polymetallic mineral materials and flux into the melting zone 10 through the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102 of the molten pool smelting device , And immerse the nozzle of at least one first side blowing spray gun 11 under the solid phase material in the melting zone 10 through the second feeding port 102, and then use the first side blowing spray gun 11 to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone 10. In order to carry out the melting and partial reduction process, the molten liquid is obtained. Using the first side blowing spray gun 11 to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the solid phase material in the melting zone 10 can strongly agitate the molten liquid, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of mass and heat transfer, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to improve The subsequent recovery rate of vanadium, etc.

In the above smelting method, the fuel can be of the type commonly used in this field. Preferably, the fuel is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal gas and pulverized coal. Preferably, the combustion coefficient is controlled at 0.4 to 0.65.

In the above-mentioned smelting method, oxygen-enriched air refers to a gas whose volume of oxygen content is higher than 21 vol%. In order to make the fuel burn more fully and improve the efficiency of fuel conversion into heat energy, preferably, the oxygen-enriched air has a volume concentration of oxygen greater than 50% gas. The use of the above-mentioned oxygen-enriched air is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the melting process.

During the above melting and partial reduction process, a small amount of iron and vanadium are also reduced. Most of the iron-based polymetallic minerals undergo deep reduction in the electrothermal reduction process. At the same time, in the electrothermal reduction process, it is necessary to separate the vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag obtained after reduction as much as possible. In order to improve the separation efficiency of the two, preferably, the step of reduction smelting treatment further includes: the molten liquid is transported to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, and then the second side blowing spray gun 22 and/or the top blowing spray gun 23 are used to inject the reducing agent into the electrothermal reduction zone. Zone 20 above the liquid level.

The use of the second side blowing spray gun 22 and/or the top blowing spray gun 23 to spray the reducing agent can increase the contact area between the molten liquid and the reducing agent, so that the two fully react, thereby strengthening the reduction process of metallic vanadium. Spraying the reducing agent above the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is beneficial to prevent the addition of raw materials from causing agitation on the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20, thereby reducing the separation efficiency of vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag during the depletion process. influences.

Preferably, the second side blowing spray guns 22 are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the reduction zone to achieve the purpose of blowing on both sides, which is beneficial to further improve the reduction efficiency. The second side blowing spray gun 22 is preferably a multi-channel multi-fuel composite submerged combustion spray gun.

In order to improve the recovery rate of vanadium, preferably, the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1450-1650°C; preferably, the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1500-1600°C.

In a preferred embodiment, before performing the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method further includes: separately pre-treating the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, fuel, flux and reducing agent to make the iron-based polymetallic mineral material , The particle size of fuel, flux and reducing agent are all ≤50mm, and the water content is all ≤15wt%. The particle size and water content of the iron-based polymetallic mineral material include but are not limited to the above range, and limiting it to the above range is beneficial to improve the melting efficiency of the iron-based polymetallic raw material.

Preferably, the molten pool smelting system further includes a cylinder mixing device respectively connected to the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102. Before the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method also includes the use of a cylinder The mixing device performs mixing.

A certain amount of flue gas is generated during the above-mentioned smelting process, and the flue gas usually contains high heat. In order to reduce energy loss, in a preferred embodiment, the smelting system further includes a waste heat recovery device, and the smelting method further includes a waste heat recovery step. The waste heat recovery step includes: using a waste heat recovery device to recover the melting and partial reduction process and reduction The heat in the flue gas produced during the smelting process. Preferably, the waste heat recovery device is a waste heat boiler. More preferably, after the waste heat recovery treatment, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-200°C.

A certain amount of dust is usually entrained in the flue gas generated in the above-mentioned smelting process. In order to improve the environmental protection of the entire process, in a preferred embodiment, the smelting system further includes a dust collecting device, and the smelting method further includes: After the waste heat recovery treatment, the dust collection device is used for dust collection treatment.

In a preferred embodiment, the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 0-500 mm. Preferably, the height of the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 is higher than the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20. Since the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 is higher than the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the bottom of the melting zone 10 is connected to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, this can separate the molten iron-based polymetallic mineral from the incompletely molten raw materials, The reduction object of the reducing agent is more targeted, which is beneficial to improve the recovery rate of iron and vanadium in the electrothermal reduction process. In order to further increase the recovery rate of vanadium, it is more preferable that the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 150-500 mm.

In order to better increase the flow rate of the molten liquid, in a preferred embodiment, the slope of the receiving portion between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 0-90°, preferably 30°. ~60°.

In the above smelting process, the oxides of Fe and V in the iron-based polymetallic mineral material are reduced to form a metal phase, that is, vanadium-containing molten iron, and at the same time, TiO ₂ , SiO ₂ and CaO combine to form a slag phase. In a preferred embodiment, the weight percentage of the titanium slag whose slag type is TiO ₂ -SiO ₂ -CaO in the titanium slag is 75-90 wt %. The slag type can be adjusted by adding limestone according to the raw material.

In a preferred embodiment, the amount of flux is 0-20% based on the weight percentage of the iron-based polymetallic mineral material. Limiting the amount of flux within the above range is beneficial to control the content of titanium in the titanium slag, so that it can be further applied later.

Another aspect of the present application also provides a molten pool smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the molten pool smelting device is provided with a molten pool and is arranged in the molten pool. The partition wall 30 divides the molten pool into a melting zone 10 and an electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the bottom of the melting zone 10 is connected to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the molten pool smelting device is provided with a first communicating zone 10 The feeding port 101 and the second feeding port 102, as well as the slag outlet 201 and the metal discharge port 202 that are connected to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the first feeding port 101 is set at the top of the molten pool smelting device, and the second feeding port 102 is set at On the side wall of the molten pool smelting device; the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102 and the slag discharge port 201, the first feeding port 101 is set on the top of the molten pool smelting device, and the second feeding port 102 is set on the molten pool smelting On the side wall of the device; the mixing outlet is connected with the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102.

The partition wall 30 divides the molten pool into a melting zone 10 and an electrothermal reduction zone 20, so that the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process can be completed in one smelting device. In the above melting and partial reduction process, the raw materials are fed into the melting zone 10 through the first feeding port 101 and/or the second feeding port 102, and the heat is provided by the combustion of fuel and oxygen-enriched air, so that the iron-based polymetallic minerals are melted and partially reduced , The addition of the flux can separate the impurities in the iron-based polymetallic mineral material from the iron element in the form of titanium slag, while reducing the melting point to obtain the molten liquid; after the molten liquid is transported to the electrothermal reduction zone 20, the reducing agent and the molten liquid Iron, vanadium, etc. are reduced. At the same time, under the effect of depletion, the liquid phase product and solid phase product in the reduction product system are separated to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag, which are correspondingly passed through the slag outlet 201 and the metal The discharge port 202 discharges.

The iron-based polymetallic minerals can be smelted by using the above-mentioned molten pool smelting device, so that the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process can be performed in the same molten pool smelting device. On the one hand, the area required for the above-mentioned smelting process is small, the configuration height difference of the molten pool smelting device is reduced, and the capital investment in the molten pool smelting device can also be reduced; on the other hand, it can save the melt discharge and The added operation steps improve the production efficiency and reduce the consumption of operators and corresponding tools. In addition, the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process are completed in the same molten pool smelting device, and the electrothermal reduction zone 20 can also use the heat of the molten liquid to maintain a higher temperature, reducing the consumption of electric energy during separate reduction and depletion; The pool takes into account both melting and reduction and depletion operations. The amount of melt stored in the furnace is relatively large, which can increase the slag storage time, which is beneficial to the separation of titanium slag and vanadium-containing molten iron, and improves the recovery rate of vanadium; the flue gas produced by the two zones can be Mixed treatment reduces the investment in the construction of two flue gas treatment systems.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the melting zone 10 includes at least one first side blowing spray gun 11, and the nozzle of the first side blowing spray gun 11 is immersed in the solid phase of the melting zone 10 through the second feeding port 102. Below the material, to spray fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone 10. Using the first side blowing lance 11 to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone 10 can strongly agitate the molten liquid therein, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of mass and heat transfer, and at the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the subsequent vanadium and other elements. Recovery rate.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the electrothermal reduction zone 20 includes at least one electrode 21, at least one second side blowing spray gun 22 and at least one top blowing spray gun 23. The end of each electrode 21 is located below the solid phase material in the electrothermal reduction zone 20 for supplying heat to the electrothermal reduction process; the nozzle of the second side blowing spray gun 22 and the nozzle of the top blowing spray gun 23 are both located above the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 , Used to spray the reducing agent into the electrothermal reduction zone 20. Using the second side blowing spray gun 22 and/or the top blowing spray gun 23 to spray the reducing agent can increase the contact area between the molten liquid and the reducing agent, so that the two can fully react. At the same time, the reducing agent is sprayed above the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20, which is beneficial to inhibit the addition of raw materials from causing agitation on the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20, thereby reducing the separation efficiency of vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag during the depletion process Impact.

In order to better increase the flow rate of the molten liquid, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the slope of the receiving portion between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 0 to 90°.

A certain amount of flue gas is generated during the above-mentioned smelting process. In order to facilitate the discharge of flue gas, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the molten pool smelting device is also provided with a flue 24, which is set in The top of the molten pool corresponding to the electrothermal reduction zone 20. In order to accelerate the discharge rate of the flue gas, it is more preferable that the above-mentioned flue 24 is arranged at the top of the molten pool corresponding to the electrothermal reduction zone 20 and close to the melting zone 10.

The application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the application.

The composition of the iron-based polymetallic mineral materials in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 is Fe 45～62wt%, TiO ₂ 7～20wt%, V ₂ O ₅ 0.1～1.2wt%, and the rest are impurities. The process flow is shown in Figure 1. Shown.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, a partition wall 30 is arranged inside the molten pool of the molten pool smelting device to divide the molten pool into a melting zone 10 and an electrothermal reduction zone 20, and the bottom of the melting zone 10 is connected to the electrothermal reduction zone 20 . The materials fed into the furnace are fed into the melting zone from the second feeding port 102. The melting zone 10 includes a first side blowing spray gun 11. The nozzle of the first side blowing spray gun 11 is immersed under the solid phase material in the melting zone 10 to spray to the melting zone 10. Into fuel and oxygen-enriched air.

The electrothermal reduction zone 20 is provided with three electrodes 21 (self-baking electrodes), and AC power is used. A second side blowing spray gun 22 and a top blowing spray gun 23 are provided. The end of each electrode 21 is located below the solid phase material in the electrothermal reduction zone 20 and is used to supply heat to the electrothermal reduction process; the nozzle of the second side blowing spray gun 22 is located above the liquid surface of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 and is used to spray the reducing agent into Electric heating reduction zone 20. The height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 200 mm, and the slope of the receiving portion between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 45°. The molten pool smelting device is also provided with a flue 24, and the flue 24 is arranged at the top of the molten pool corresponding to the electrothermal reduction zone 20. The flue 24 is arranged at the top of the molten pool corresponding to the electrothermal reduction zone 20 and close to the melting zone 10. The reduction smelting temperature during the smelting process is about 1600°C.

Through the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 96% by weight, and the recovery rate of iron is 89% by weight.

Example 2

The difference from Example 1 is:

The fusion zone does not use submerged side blowing guns to inject fuel.

Through the above smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 91wt%, the recovery rate of iron is 86wt%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is 8% higher than that of Example 1.

Example 3

The difference from Example 1 is that the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1550°C.

Through the above smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 87wt%, the recovery rate of iron is 85wt%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is 6% higher than that of Example 1.

Example 4

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone 10 and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is 100 mm.

Through the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 88 wt%, and the recovery rate of iron is 85 wt%.

Example 5

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the materials entering the furnace are added from the first feeding port 101 instead of being injected through the inert gas from the second feeding port 102.

Through the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 93wt%, the recovery rate of iron is 87wt%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is 5% higher than that of Example 1.

Example 6

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that a part of the material entering the furnace is fed from the first feeding port 101, and the other part is sprayed from the second feeding port 102 at the same time.

After the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 97 wt%, and the recovery rate of iron is 87 wt%.

Example 7

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the number of electrodes 21 in the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is two.

Through the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 94 wt%, and the recovery rate of iron is 85 wt%.

Example 8

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the material of the electrode 21 of the electrothermal reduction zone 20 is a graphite electrode.

Through the above-mentioned smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 95 wt%, and the recovery rate of iron is 88 wt%.

Example 9

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the electrothermal reduction zone 20 adopts a top blowing spray gun 23 to add reducing agent.

Through the above smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 94wt%, the recovery rate of iron is 87wt%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is 5% higher than that of Example 1.

Comparative example 1

The difference from Embodiment 1 is that there is no partition wall between the melting zone 10 and the electrothermal reduction zone 20.

Through the above smelting process, the recovery rate of vanadium is 82wt%, the recovery rate of iron is 85wt%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is 5% higher than that of Example 1.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

In the above-mentioned smelting method, the above-mentioned smelting process, the melting and partial reduction process, and the electrothermal reduction process are performed in the same bath smelting device. On the one hand, the area required for the above-mentioned smelting process is small, the configuration height difference of the molten pool smelting device is reduced, and the capital investment in the molten pool smelting device can also be reduced; on the other hand, it can save the melt discharge and The added operation steps improve the production efficiency and reduce the consumption of operators and corresponding tools. In addition, the melting and partial reduction process and the electrothermal reduction process are completed in the same molten pool smelting device, and the electrothermal reduction zone can also use the heat of the molten liquid to maintain a higher temperature, reducing the power consumption during the individual reduction and depletion; Taking into account both melting and reduction and depletion operations, the amount of melt stored in the furnace is relatively large, which can increase the slag storage time and facilitate the separation of titanium slag and vanadium-containing molten iron; at the same time, the flue gas generated by the two processes can be mixed for treatment, reducing construction Investment in two flue gas treatment systems.

The foregoing descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A smelting method for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process, the iron-based polymetallic minerals containing iron element, titanium element and vanadium element, characterized in that the smelting system adopted in the smelting method includes molten pool smelting A partition wall (30) is provided in the molten pool of the molten pool smelting device to divide the molten pool into a melting zone (10) and an electrothermal reduction zone (20), and the melting zone (10) The bottom is in communication with the electrothermal reduction zone (20), and the molten pool is also provided with a first feeding port (101) and a second feeding port (102) communicating with the melting zone (10) and with the electrothermal reduction zone (10). The zone (20) is connected to the slag discharge port (201) and the metal discharge port (202), and the first feed port (101) is arranged at the top of the molten pool smelting device, and the second feed port (102) ) Is arranged on the side wall of the molten pool smelting device, and the smelting method includes:

Transporting the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, fuel, flux and oxygen-enriched air to the melting zone (10) for melting and partial reduction to obtain a molten liquid;

The molten liquid and the reducing agent are transported to the electrothermal reduction zone (20) for reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag.
The smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the step of melting and partial reduction comprises: passing the iron-based polymetallic mineral material and the flux through the first feeding port of the molten pool smelting device ( 101) and/or the second feeding port (102) is added to the melting zone (10), and the nozzle of at least one first side blowing spray gun (11) is immersed in the second feeding port (102) Below the solid material in the melting zone (10), the fuel and the oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into the melting zone (10) by the first side blowing spray gun (11) to perform the melting And a partial reduction process to obtain the molten liquid;

Preferably, the fuel is selected from one or more of the group consisting of natural gas, coal gas and pulverized coal;

Preferably, the oxygen-enriched air is a gas with a volume concentration of oxygen greater than 50%.
The smelting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reduction smelting treatment step further comprises:

The molten liquid is transported to the electrothermal reduction zone (20), and then a second side blowing spray gun (22) and/or top blowing spray gun (23) is used to spray the reducing agent into the electrothermal reduction zone (20) Above the liquid level.
The smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1450 to 1650°C; preferably, the temperature of the reduction smelting treatment is 1500 to 1600°C.
The smelting method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, before performing the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method further comprises: treating the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, the fuel, the The flux and the reducing agent are respectively pretreated so that the particle size of the iron-based polymetallic mineral material, the fuel, the flux and the reducing agent are all ≤50mm, and the water content is all ≤15wt%.
The smelting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, the molten pool smelting system further comprises a cylindrical mixture communicating with the first feeding port (101) and/or the second feeding port (102) respectively Device, before performing the melting and partial reduction process, the smelting method further includes using the cylindrical mixing device for mixing.
The smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the smelting system further comprises a waste heat recovery device, the smelting method further comprises a waste heat recovery step, and the waste heat recovery step includes: using the waste heat recovery device to recover The heat in the flue gas generated during the melting and partial reduction process and the reduction smelting process;

Preferably, after the waste heat recovery treatment, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 100-200°C;

Preferably, the waste heat recovery device is a waste heat boiler.
The smelting method of claim 7, wherein the smelting system further comprises a dust collecting device, and the smelting method further comprises: after the flue gas is subjected to the waste heat recovery treatment, the dust collecting device Carry out dust collection treatment.
The smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone (10) and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (20) is 0-500mm, Preferably, the height of the bottom wall of the melting zone (210) is higher than the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (220), more preferably 150-500mm;

Preferably, the slope of the receiving part between the bottom wall of the melting zone (10) and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (20) is 0-90°, more preferably 30-60°.
The smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the iron-based polymetallic mineral material is selected from vanadium-titanium magnetite and/or sea placer.
A molten pool smelting device for processing iron-based polymetallic minerals in a short process is characterized in that a molten pool and a partition wall (30) arranged in the molten pool are arranged inside the molten pool smelting device. The partition wall (30) divides the molten pool into a melting zone (10) and an electrothermal reduction zone (20). The bottom of the melting zone (10) is in communication with the electrothermal reduction zone (20), and the molten pool is also A first feed port (101) and a second feed port (102) connected to the melting zone (10) are provided, and a slag discharge port (201) and a metal discharge port connected to the electrothermal reduction zone (20) are provided (202), and the first feeding port (101) is provided on the top of the molten pool smelting device, and the second feeding port (102) is provided on the side wall of the molten pool smelting device.
The molten pool smelting device according to claim 11, characterized in that the melting zone (10) comprises at least one first side blowing spray gun (11), and the nozzle of the first side blowing spray gun (11) passes through the The second feeding port (102) is immersed below the liquid level of the melting zone (10) to inject fuel and oxygen-enriched air into the melting zone (10).
The molten pool smelting device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the electrothermal reduction zone (20) comprises:

At least one electrode (21), the end of the electrode (21) is located below the solid phase material in the electrothermal reduction zone (20) for supplying heat to the electrothermal reduction process;

At least one second side blowing spray gun (22) and at least one top blowing spray gun (23), the nozzle of the second side blowing spray gun (22) and the nozzle of the top blowing spray gun (23) are both located in the electric heating reduction zone (20) above the liquid level for spraying reducing agent into the electrothermal reduction zone (20); preferably, each of the second side blowing spray guns (22) are respectively arranged on opposite side walls of the reduction zone on.
The molten pool smelting device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the height difference between the bottom wall of the melting zone (10) and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (20) is 0 to 500mm, preferably, the height of the bottom wall of the melting zone (10) is higher than the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (20), more preferably 150-500mm.
The molten pool smelting device according to claim 14, characterized in that the slope of the receiving part between the bottom wall of the melting zone (10) and the bottom wall of the electrothermal reduction zone (20) is 0-90° .
The molten pool smelting device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the molten pool smelting device is further provided with a flue (24), and the flue (24) is arranged in contact with the electrothermal reduction zone (20). ) Corresponds to the top of the molten pool.