CN111961782B - Vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting method and device - Google Patents
Vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111961782B CN111961782B CN202010750840.5A CN202010750840A CN111961782B CN 111961782 B CN111961782 B CN 111961782B CN 202010750840 A CN202010750840 A CN 202010750840A CN 111961782 B CN111961782 B CN 111961782B
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 261
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 708
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 342
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 156
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite comprises the following steps that A) reducing and smelting treatment is carried out on the vanadium titano-magnetite by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag; b) Increasing the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron; c) And carrying out reduction treatment on the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, prevention of the freezing of reduced iron liquid at the bottom of the furnace, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal smelting, in particular to a method and a device for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite.
Background
At present, the mature process for smelting vanadium titano-magnetite is a blast furnace flow, but the process can only recover iron and partial vanadium, titanium can not be extracted and applied at all, and besides, titanium-containing blast furnace slag can not be used as a building material raw material like common blast furnace slag due to high TiO2 content (20-25%), so that the titanium-containing blast furnace slag is piled up in a large quantity. The non-blast furnace method mainly comprises a pre-reduction-electric furnace method, a reduction-grinding method, a sodium roasting-pre-reduction-electric furnace method and the like. The non-blast furnace process only adopts a pre-reduction-electric furnace method to carry out test research on a production scale, and other researches basically stay in laboratory research and expansion test research stages. Although the pre-reduction-electric furnace method has short flow, environmental protection and high production efficiency, the problems of high energy consumption, difficult smelting of high titanium slag, lower recovery rate of vanadium and titanium and the like exist, and particularly the problem that the formation of titanium carbonitride in the deep reduction stage worsens the smelting operation is particularly remarkable, and the industrial production is difficult to realize in the current technology; the reduction grinding method has low operation temperature and high comprehensive utilization rate of vanadium, titanium and iron, but has long process flow, high grinding cost, small production scale and lower economical efficiency than the pre-reduction electric furnace method; the sodium roasting pre-reduction furnace method has high vanadium-titanium recovery rate, but the sodium treatment agent is added in a large amount.
In the related art, inexpensive coal can be used as a reducing agent and fuel in the side-blown reduction method, but the metal reduced in the side-blown reduction material zone has low carbon and high melting point, is liable to freeze the furnace bottom, and severely erodes the heat-resistant material if the temperature is kept too high. The side-blown combustion heat release area is mainly arranged on a slag layer, the temperature of upper slag is higher than that of a lower metal molten pool in the smelting process, the upper slag contains iron and has a low melting point, the lower metal contains carbon and has a high melting point, and the lower metal molten pool is easy to freeze in the smelting process. If the temperature is kept too high, the refractory is severely eroded, accidents are easy to occur, and the requirement of the refractory is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. For this purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting method.
The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of:
a) Reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag;
b) Increasing the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron;
C) And carrying out reduction treatment on the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid.
Therefore, the method for reducing and smelting the vanadium titano-magnetite has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, prevention of the freezing of the reduced iron liquid at the bottom of the furnace, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
In some embodiments, in step B), a carbon-containing molten iron is added to the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain the carburetted molten iron, the carbon-containing molten iron having a carbon content greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron and a temperature greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron.
In some embodiments, a portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted to obtain the carbon-containing molten iron; optionally, a waste graphite electrode is added to the portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron added to the waste graphite electrode is insulated to perform the carburetion.
In some embodiments, the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than or equal to 4wt% and less than or equal to 6wt%, optionally the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than or equal to 4.5wt% and less than or equal to 5.5wt%, optionally the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite to the carbon-containing molten iron added to the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1: (0.2-0.3).
In some embodiments, the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃ or greater and 1650 ℃ or less, optionally the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃.
In some embodiments, in the step a), the liquid slag has a temperature of 1300 ℃ to 1450 ℃;
in the step B), the temperature of the carbureted iron liquid is 1400-1500 ℃;
in the step C), the temperature of the titanium slag liquid is 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃.
In some embodiments, in step B), carbon-containing iron nuggets are added to the vanadium-containing iron bath to obtain the carburetted iron bath.
The application also provides a vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000, which comprises a side-blowing furnace, wherein the side-blowing furnace comprises:
the furnace body is provided with a furnace chamber, a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a bottom wall and a top wall, wherein the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall in a first preset direction, the third side wall is opposite to the fourth side wall in a second preset direction, a titanium slag liquid outlet and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet are formed in the second side wall, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction;
The first retaining wall and the second retaining wall are arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall at intervals along the first preset direction, at least one part of the first retaining wall is positioned in the furnace chamber, at least one part of the second retaining wall is positioned in the furnace chamber, a molten iron tank is defined between the first retaining wall and the first side wall, between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, a side-blowing reduction smelting tank is defined between the first retaining wall and the second retaining wall, between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, an electric heating reduction tank is defined between the second retaining wall and the second side wall, between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, the lower part of the side-blowing reduction smelting tank is communicated with the lower part of the molten iron tank, and the lower part of the side-blowing reduction tank is communicated with the lower part of the electric heating reduction tank;
the side-blowing spray gun is arranged on at least one of the third side wall and the fourth side wall, and is arranged opposite to the side-blowing reduction smelting pool; and
and a graphite electrode, wherein a part of the graphite electrode stretches into the electrothermal reduction pond.
In some embodiments, the top wall is provided with a side-blown smelting feed inlet, a side-blown smelting exit flue, an electrothermal reduction feed inlet, and an electrothermal reduction exit flue, the side-blown smelting feed inlet and the side-blown smelting exit flue open to the side-blown reduction smelting tank, and the electrothermal reduction feed inlet and the electrothermal reduction exit flue open to the electrothermal reduction tank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a process flow chart of a method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross-sectional view of a vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in fig. 1, the method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A) Reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag;
b) Increasing the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron;
c) And carrying out reduction treatment on the liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid.
In the step A), the vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air, wherein the reducing agent and the fuel can be pulverized coal and coal. The vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag, the vanadium-containing molten iron is positioned below the liquid slag, and a heating area is positioned in the area where the liquid slag is positioned for continuous reduction smelting treatment. The vanadium-containing molten iron has low carbon content and higher melting point than liquid slag, and is easy to freeze. If the heating temperature of the area where the liquid slag is located is increased, the temperatures of the liquid slag and the vanadium-containing molten iron are higher than the melting point of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the continuous high temperature can seriously erode the heat-resistant material of the furnace, so that the service life of the furnace is shortened, and more energy sources are wasted.
In the step B), the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron; the vanadium-containing molten iron is improved and the carbon content is increased, so that compared with the vanadium-containing molten iron, the carburetted molten iron has high carbon content and low melting point, and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of a furnace. Because the melting point of the carburetted iron liquid is low, the carburetted iron liquid can be prevented from freezing without increasing the temperature of the carburetted iron liquid by increasing the temperature of the liquid slag. Therefore, under the condition that the carburetted molten iron is not frozen, the problem of corrosion of heat-resistant materials caused by the increase of the temperature of liquid slag can be avoided, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In the step C), the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid are further subjected to reduction smelting, and at the moment, electric heating reduction or other reduction methods can be adopted to further reduce the iron element and the vanadium element in the liquid slag. In the process, flux and reducing agent can be added, and the carbon content in the carburetted molten iron is high, so that the carbon element in the carburetted molten iron deeply reduces the iron element and the vanadium element in the liquid slag to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid, so that more iron element and vanadium element enter the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the recovery rate of the iron element and the vanadium element is improved. And (3) refining vanadium from the vanadium-containing molten iron to prepare iron, refining titanium from the titanium slag liquid to recycle the titanium, and completing the reduction smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite to refine useful metals.
Therefore, the method for reducing and smelting the vanadium titano-magnetite has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, prevention of the freezing of the reduced iron liquid at the bottom of the furnace, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
In some embodiments, in step B), adding a carbon-containing molten iron to the vanadium-containing molten iron to obtain a carburised molten iron, the carbon-containing molten iron having a carbon content greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron and a temperature greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron;
The carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is larger than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is larger than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron. The carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased by adding the carbon-containing molten iron, and the temperature is also increased. The mixed molten liquid obtained by adding the carbon-containing molten iron into the vanadium-containing molten iron and mixing the carbon-containing molten iron with the vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted molten iron, so that the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased, and the carbon content is increased. Therefore, compared with vanadium-containing iron liquid, the carbureted iron liquid has high carbon content, low melting point and high temperature, and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of the furnace.
The method of vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting apparatus 10000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a side-blown furnace 1000, the side-blown furnace 1000 including a furnace body 100, a first retaining wall 201, a second retaining wall 202, a side-blown lance 211, and a graphite electrode 221.
The furnace body 100 comprises a first side wall 101, a second side wall 102, a third side wall 103, a fourth side wall 104, a bottom wall 105 and a top wall 106, wherein a furnace chamber 200 is defined among the first side wall 101, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103, the fourth side wall 104, the bottom wall 105 and the top wall 106, and a titanium slag liquid outlet 107 and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108 are arranged on the second side wall 102. The first side wall 101 and the second side wall 102 are opposite in a first preset direction, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104 are opposite in a second preset direction, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction. This first preset direction is indicated by arrow a in fig. 2.
The first retaining wall 201 and the second retaining wall 202 are disposed between the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104 at intervals along the first preset direction, at least a portion of the first retaining wall 201 is located in the cavity 200, and at least a portion of the second retaining wall 202 is located in the cavity 200. A molten iron tank 203 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the first side wall 101, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, a side-blowing reduction smelting pool 210 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the second retaining wall 202, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, and an electrothermal reduction pool 220 is defined among the second retaining wall 202, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104. The lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is communicated with the lower part of the molten iron tank 203, and the lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is communicated with the lower part of the electrothermal reduction tank 220;
a side-blown lance 211 is provided on at least one of the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, the side-blown lance 211 being provided opposite to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. A portion of the graphite electrode 221 extends into the electrothermal reduction cell 220.
According to the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first retaining wall 201 is arranged, and the molten iron tank 203 communicated with the side-blowing reduction smelting tank 210 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the first side wall 101, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, so that carbon-containing molten iron can be added into vanadium-containing molten iron in the side-blowing reduction smelting tank 210 through the molten iron tank 203, and the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron are mixed to obtain the carbureted molten iron.
Because the melting point of the carburetion molten iron is low and the temperature is high, the carburetion molten iron can be prevented from freezing without increasing the temperature of the carburetion molten iron by increasing the temperature of the liquid slag. Therefore, under the condition that the carburetted molten iron is not frozen, the problem of corrosion of heat-resistant materials caused by the increase of the temperature of liquid slag can be avoided, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In addition, because the carbon content in the carburetted molten iron is higher, more iron and vanadium elements in the liquid slag in the electrothermal reduction pool 220 can be deeply reduced, so that more iron and vanadium elements enter the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the recovery rate of the iron and vanadium elements is further improved.
Therefore, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, low running cost, long service life, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 includes a side-blown furnace 1000 and an induction furnace (not shown in the drawing), and the side-blown furnace 1000 includes a furnace body 100, a first retaining wall 201, a second retaining wall 202, a side-blown lance 211, and a graphite electrode 221.
The furnace body 100 includes a first side wall 101, a second side wall 102, a third side wall 103, a fourth side wall 104, a bottom wall 105 and a top wall 106, and a furnace chamber 200 is defined between the first side wall 101, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103, the fourth side wall 104, the bottom wall 105 and the top wall 106.
The top wall 106 is provided with a side-blown smelting feed inlet 212 and a side-blown smelting outlet 213, and the reducing agent and the vanadium titano-magnetite can be added into the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 of the furnace chamber 200 through the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212. A side-blown lance 211 is provided on at least one of the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, the side-blown lance 211 being provided opposite to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. The side-blown lance 211 may add fuel and oxygen-enriched air to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 to perform a reduction smelting process on the vanadium titano-magnetite to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag.
Wherein, cheap coal can be used as a reducing agent and fuel, and the mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite to the reducing agent (coal) is 1: (0.1-0.3), and the oxygen volume concentration of the oxygen-enriched air is 60% -99%. After the vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment, vanadium iron liquid carbon, liquid slag and high-temperature flue gas are produced, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled and dust is collected to obtain combustible gas. The vanadium-containing molten iron has low carbon content, the melting point is higher than that of liquid slag, and the situation of furnace bottom freezing is easy to occur.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower end of the second retaining wall 202 is positioned above the bottom wall 105 such that the second retaining wall 202 is spaced apart from the bottom wall 105. Thereby allowing the side-blown reduction smelting cell 210 to communicate with the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the space below the second retaining wall 202.
The carbon-containing molten iron may be added to the vanadium-containing molten iron located in the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 through the molten iron tank 203, and the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron may be mixed to obtain the carbureted molten iron.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than or equal to 1500 ℃ and less than or equal to 1650 ℃, optionally the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃. Therefore, the requirement of raising the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron can be met, and the waste of energy sources and the corrosion of heat-resistant materials of the furnace body 100 can be reduced by making the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron less than or equal to 1650 ℃.
In some embodiments, the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than or equal to 4wt% and less than or equal to 6wt%. Therefore, the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron can be effectively increased, namely, the carbon content of the carburetted molten iron can be effectively increased.
Optionally, the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is more than or equal to 4.5wt% and less than or equal to 5.5wt%.
Alternatively, the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%.
When the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is more than or equal to 4wt% and less than or equal to 6wt%, the carbon content is more than or equal to 4wt% and can meet the carburetion requirement, and the higher the carbon content is, the better the melting point reducing effect is, and the 6wt% carbon content is basically saturated at the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron. When the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is more than or equal to 4.5wt% and less than or equal to 5.5wt%, the requirement of carburetion can be met. When the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%, an excellent carbureting effect can be achieved, so that the carbureting molten iron is not frozen.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of vanadium titano-magnetite to carbon-containing molten iron added to the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1: (0.2-0.3). Adding 1: (0.2-0.3) the mass ratio of the carbon-containing molten iron, so that the carburetted molten iron has a lower melting point and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of the furnace.
The temperature of the liquid slag can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron without increasing the temperature of the liquid slag due to the reduced melting point of the carburised molten iron. In step A), the temperature of the liquid slag is 1300-1450 ℃. The temperature range of 1300-1450 ℃ can not only enable the liquid slag to be melted for reduction smelting treatment, but also reduce the waste of energy and reduce the corrosion to heat-resistant materials.
The temperature of the carburetted molten iron obtained by mixing the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1400-1500 ℃. The temperature range of 1400-1500 ℃ can not only prevent the carbureted iron liquid from freezing, but also reduce the waste of energy and the erosion to heat-resistant materials.
The carburetted iron liquid and the liquid slag may enter the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the space between the second retaining wall 202 and the bottom wall 105. The top wall 106 also has an electrothermal reduction feed port 222 and an electrothermal reduction smoke outlet 223, and a reducing agent and a flux may be added into the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the electrothermal reduction feed port 222 so as to perform electrothermal reduction on the carbureted iron liquid and the liquid slag. The electrothermal reduction may be performed using the graphite electrode 221. As shown in fig. 2, the graphite electrode 221 may be vertically disposed, and a portion of the graphite electrode 221 may penetrate into the electrothermal reduction cell 220.
The temperature of the titanium slag liquid is 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃; the temperature range of 1600-1700 ℃ can enable the iron element and the vanadium element in the titanium slag liquid to be deeply reduced, and the recovery rate of the iron element and the vanadium element is improved.
The vanadium-containing molten iron and the titanium slag liquid can be obtained by carrying out electrothermal reduction on the carbureted molten iron and the liquid slag. The second side wall 102 is provided with a titanium slag liquid outlet 107 and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108. The vanadium-containing molten iron is discharged from the electrothermal reduction pool 220 through the vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108, and the titanium slag liquid is discharged from the electrothermal reduction pool 220 through the titanium slag liquid outlet 107.
In some embodiments, the induction furnace is further comprised, the induction furnace being provided with a heat preservation layer. A portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron and a carburant are added to an induction furnace. The heat insulating layer is used for insulating and heating vanadium-containing molten iron in the induction furnace, the carburant is melted in the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the carbon-containing molten iron after carburetion is discharged into the molten iron tank 203.
In some embodiments, a spent graphite electrode is added to a portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and a portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron added to the spent graphite electrode is incubated for carburetion.
The waste graphite electrode has high carbon content and pure carbon element, and waste materials are consumed in production, so that the waste graphite electrode is recycled again, the energy waste is reduced, and the cost is saved.
In some embodiments, the outlet ports of the electrothermal reduction outlet ports 223 open into the side-blown smelting outlet ports 213.
The side-blown smelting exit 213 may exhaust high temperature flue gases generated by the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. The electrothermal reduction smoke outlet 223 can discharge the high temperature smoke generated by the electrothermal reduction cell 220. The outlet of the thermal reduction outlet 223 is led to the side-blown smelting outlet 213, so that the high-temperature flue gas generated by the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the electrothermal reduction tank 220 are discharged together, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled and collected to obtain the combustible gas.
In some embodiments, the side-blown smelting feed 212 is a diagonal feed, and carbon-containing iron nuggets may be added to the vanadium-containing iron bath through the side-blown smelting feed 212 to increase the carbon content of the vanadium-containing iron bath to obtain a carbureted iron bath.
When the block pig iron with high carbon content is directly put into the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210, the block pig iron has high density and can quickly settle to the bottom of the furnace, so that the quick carburization of a lower molten pool is ensured, and the carbon content of vanadium-containing molten iron is improved. When the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212 is an inclined feed inlet, molten iron is slowly fed in, so that accidents caused by molten iron spraying are avoided.
Meanwhile, molten iron with higher temperature can be directly fed into the bottom of the side-blown reduction smelting pool 210 through the molten iron tank 203 to heat the carbureted molten iron.
A method of vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
a) Reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag;
b) Increasing the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron;
c) And carrying out reduction treatment on the liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid.
In the step A), the vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air, wherein the reducing agent and the fuel can be pulverized coal and coal. The vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag, the vanadium-containing molten iron is positioned below the liquid slag, and a heating area is positioned in the area where the liquid slag is positioned for continuous reduction smelting treatment. The vanadium-containing molten iron has low carbon content and higher melting point than liquid slag, and is easy to cause bottom freezing. If the heating temperature of the area where the liquid slag is located is increased, the temperatures of the liquid slag and the vanadium-containing molten iron are higher than the melting point of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the continuous high temperature can seriously erode the heat-resistant material of the furnace, so that the service life of the furnace is shortened, and more energy sources are wasted.
In the step B), the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron; the vanadium-containing molten iron is improved and the carbon content is increased, so that compared with the vanadium-containing molten iron, the carburetted molten iron has high carbon content and low melting point, and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of a furnace. Because the melting point of the carburetted iron liquid is low, the carburetted iron liquid can be prevented from freezing without increasing the temperature of the carburetted iron liquid by increasing the temperature of the liquid slag. Therefore, under the condition that the carburetted molten iron is not frozen, the problem of corrosion of heat-resistant materials caused by the increase of the temperature of liquid slag can be avoided, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In the step C), the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid are further subjected to reduction smelting, and at the moment, an electrothermal reduction method is adopted to further reduce iron elements and vanadium elements in the liquid slag. In the process, flux and reducing agent are added to carry out reduction reaction on the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid. Because the carbon content in the carburetted molten iron is higher, the carbon element in the carburetted molten iron deeply reduces the iron element and the vanadium element in the liquid slag to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid, so that more iron element and vanadium element enter the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the recovery rate of the iron element and the vanadium element is improved. And (3) refining vanadium from the vanadium-containing molten iron to prepare iron, refining titanium from the titanium slag liquid to recycle the titanium, and completing the reduction smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite to refine useful metals.
Therefore, the method for reducing and smelting the vanadium titano-magnetite has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, prevention of the freezing of the reduced iron liquid at the bottom of the furnace, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
In the step B), adding carbon-containing molten iron into the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carburetted molten iron, wherein the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron;
the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is larger than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is larger than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron. The carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased by adding the carbon-containing molten iron, and the temperature is also increased. The mixed molten liquid obtained by adding the carbon-containing molten iron into the vanadium-containing molten iron and mixing the carbon-containing molten iron with the vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted molten iron, so that the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased, and the carbon content is increased. Therefore, compared with vanadium-containing iron liquid, the carbureted iron liquid has high carbon content, low melting point and high temperature, and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of the furnace.
The method of vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting apparatus 10000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a side-blown furnace 1000, the side-blown furnace 1000 including a furnace body 100, a first retaining wall 201, a second retaining wall 202, a side-blown lance 211, and a graphite electrode 221.
The furnace body 100 comprises a first side wall 101, a second side wall 102, a third side wall 103, a fourth side wall 104, a bottom wall 105 and a top wall 106, wherein a furnace chamber 200 is defined among the first side wall 101, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103, the fourth side wall 104, the bottom wall 105 and the top wall 106, and a titanium slag liquid outlet 107 and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108 are arranged on the second side wall 102. The first side wall 101 and the second side wall 102 are opposite in a first preset direction, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104 are opposite in a second preset direction, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction. This first preset direction is indicated by arrow a in fig. 2.
The first retaining wall 201 and the second retaining wall 202 are disposed between the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104 at intervals along the first preset direction, at least a portion of the first retaining wall 201 is located in the cavity 200, and at least a portion of the second retaining wall 202 is located in the cavity 200. A molten iron tank 203 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the first side wall 101, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, a side-blowing reduction smelting pool 210 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the second retaining wall 202, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, and an electrothermal reduction pool 220 is defined among the second retaining wall 202, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104. The lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is communicated with the lower part of the molten iron tank 203, and the lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is communicated with the lower part of the electrothermal reduction tank 220;
A side-blown lance 211 is provided on at least one of the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, the side-blown lance 211 being provided opposite to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. A portion of the graphite electrode 221 extends into the electrothermal reduction cell 220.
According to the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first retaining wall 201 is arranged, and the molten iron tank 203 communicated with the side-blowing reduction smelting tank 210 is defined among the first retaining wall 201, the first side wall 101, the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, so that carbon-containing molten iron can be added into vanadium-containing molten iron in the side-blowing reduction smelting tank 210 through the molten iron tank 203, and the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron are mixed to obtain the carbureted molten iron.
Because the melting point of the carburetion molten iron is low and the temperature is high, the carburetion molten iron can be prevented from freezing without increasing the temperature of the carburetion molten iron by increasing the temperature of the liquid slag. Therefore, under the condition that the carburetted molten iron is not frozen, the problem of corrosion of heat-resistant materials caused by the increase of the temperature of liquid slag can be avoided, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In addition, because the carbon content in the carburetted molten iron is higher, more iron and vanadium elements in the liquid slag in the electrothermal reduction pool 220 can be deeply reduced, so that more iron and vanadium elements enter the vanadium-containing molten iron, and the recovery rate of the iron and vanadium elements is further improved.
Therefore, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, low running cost, long service life, high recovery rate of iron element and vanadium element and the like.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 includes a side-blown furnace 1000 and an induction furnace (not shown in the drawing), and the side-blown furnace 1000 includes a furnace body 100, a first retaining wall 201, a second retaining wall 202, a side-blown lance 211, and a graphite electrode 221.
The furnace body 100 includes a first side wall 101, a second side wall 102, a third side wall 103, a fourth side wall 104, a bottom wall 105 and a top wall 106, and a furnace chamber 200 is defined between the first side wall 101, the second side wall 102, the third side wall 103, the fourth side wall 104, the bottom wall 105 and the top wall 106.
The top wall 106 is provided with a side-blown smelting feed inlet 212 and a side-blown smelting outlet 213, and the reducing agent and the vanadium titano-magnetite can be added into the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 of the furnace chamber 200 through the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212. A side-blown lance 211 is provided on at least one of the third side wall 103 and the fourth side wall 104, the side-blown lance 211 being provided opposite to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. The side-blown lance 211 may add fuel and oxygen-enriched air to the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 to perform a reduction smelting process on the vanadium titano-magnetite to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag.
Wherein, cheap coal can be used as a reducing agent and fuel, and the mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite to the reducing agent (coal) is 1:0.2, the oxygen volume concentration of the oxygen-enriched air is 90%. After the vanadium titano-magnetite is subjected to reduction smelting treatment, vanadium iron liquid carbon, liquid slag and high-temperature flue gas are produced, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled and dust is collected to obtain combustible gas. The vanadium-containing molten iron has low carbon content, the melting point is higher than that of liquid slag, and the situation of furnace bottom freezing is easy to occur.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower end of the second retaining wall 202 is positioned above the bottom wall 105 such that the second retaining wall 202 is spaced apart from the bottom wall 105. Thereby allowing the side-blown reduction smelting cell 210 to communicate with the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the space below the second retaining wall 202.
The carbon-containing molten iron may be added to the vanadium-containing molten iron located in the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 through the molten iron tank 203, and the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron may be mixed to obtain the carbureted molten iron.
The temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron was 1500 ℃. Therefore, the requirement of improving the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron can be met, the waste of energy sources can be reduced, and the corrosion to the heat-resistant material of the furnace body 100 can be reduced.
The carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron was 5.23wt%. When the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%, an excellent carbureting effect can be achieved, so that the carbureting molten iron is not frozen.
The mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite to the carbon-containing molten iron added into the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1:0.25. adding 1: the carbon-containing molten iron with the mass ratio of 0.25 ensures that the carbureted molten iron has a lower melting point and is not easy to freeze at the bottom of the furnace.
The temperature of the liquid slag can be reduced by increasing the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron without increasing the temperature of the liquid slag due to the reduced melting point of the carburised molten iron. In the step A), the temperature of the liquid slag is 1350 ℃, so that the liquid slag can be melted for reduction smelting treatment, the waste of energy sources can be reduced, and the corrosion to heat-resistant materials can be reduced.
The temperature of the carburetted molten iron obtained by mixing the carbon-containing molten iron and the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1450 ℃, so that the carburetted molten iron can not be frozen, the waste of energy sources can be reduced, and the corrosion to heat-resistant materials can be reduced.
The carburetted iron liquid and the liquid slag may enter the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the space between the second retaining wall 202 and the bottom wall 105. The top wall 106 also has an electrothermal reduction feed port 222 and an electrothermal reduction smoke outlet 223, and a reducing agent and a flux may be added into the electrothermal reduction cell 220 through the electrothermal reduction feed port 222 so as to perform electrothermal reduction on the carbureted iron liquid and the liquid slag. The electrothermal reduction may be performed using the graphite electrode 221. As shown in fig. 2, the graphite electrode 221 may be vertically disposed, and a portion of the graphite electrode 221 may penetrate into the electrothermal reduction cell 220.
The temperature of the titanium slag liquid is 1650 ℃, and the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1600 ℃; the method can deeply reduce the iron element and the vanadium element in the titanium slag liquid, and improves the recovery rate of the iron element and the vanadium element.
The vanadium-containing molten iron and the titanium slag liquid can be obtained by carrying out electrothermal reduction on the carbureted molten iron and the liquid slag. The second side wall 102 is provided with a titanium slag liquid outlet 107 and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108. The vanadium-containing molten iron is discharged from the electrothermal reduction pool 220 through the vanadium-containing molten iron outlet 108, and the titanium slag liquid is discharged from the electrothermal reduction pool 220 through the titanium slag liquid outlet 107.
The vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device 10000 further comprises an induction furnace, and the induction furnace is provided with a heat preservation layer. A portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron and a carburant are added to an induction furnace. The heat preservation layer carries out heat preservation and heating on vanadium-containing molten iron in the induction furnace, and the carburant is melted in the vanadium-containing molten iron. The carbon-containing molten iron after carburetion is discharged into the molten iron tank 203.
And adding a waste graphite electrode into a part of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and preserving the heat of the part of the vanadium-containing molten iron added with the waste graphite electrode so as to carry out carburetion.
The waste graphite electrode has high carbon content and pure carbon element, and waste materials are consumed in production, so that the waste graphite electrode is recycled again, the energy waste is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The outlet of electrothermal reduction outlet 223 leads to side-blown smelting outlet 213. The side-blown smelting exit 213 may exhaust high temperature flue gases generated by the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210. The electrothermal reduction smoke outlet 223 can discharge the high temperature smoke generated by the electrothermal reduction cell 220. The outlet of the thermal reduction outlet 223 is led to the side-blown smelting outlet 213, so that the high-temperature flue gas generated by the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the electrothermal reduction tank 220 are discharged together, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled and collected to obtain the combustible gas.
The side-blown smelting feed inlet 212 is an oblique feed inlet, and carbon-containing iron blocks can be added into the vanadium-containing molten iron through the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212, so that the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron is increased, and the carburetted molten iron is obtained.
When the block pig iron with high carbon content is directly put into the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210, the block pig iron has high density and can quickly settle to the bottom of the furnace, so that the quick carburization of a lower molten pool is ensured, and the carbon content of vanadium-containing molten iron is improved. When the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212 is an inclined feed inlet, molten iron is slowly fed in, so that accidents caused by molten iron spraying are avoided.
The application is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application as claimed.
The vanadium titano-magnetite composition in examples 1 to 3 was about 55.13wt% of TFe, about 8.24wt% of FeO, about 13.78wt% of TiO2, about 1.74wt% of V2O5, and the balance of impurities. The process flow is shown in fig. 1, and the device is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Example 1
Vanadium titano-magnetite and lump coal according to the mass ratio of 1: mixing in a proportion of 0.15, directly putting into a side-blown reduction smelting pool 210, spraying pulverized coal and oxygen-enriched air in a side-blown manner, wherein 250kg of pulverized coal is required to be sprayed into each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite for treatment, and the consumption of oxygen and air are respectively 310Nm3 and 20Nm3 (the oxygen-enriched concentration is 95%). The side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is stirred vigorously under the action of the side-blown lance 211, the height of foam slag is 1m from the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212, and the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 can maintain a relatively stable state. The temperature of the liquid slag is 1300-1450 ℃. The carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%, the adding mass of the carbon-containing molten iron is 30% of the mass of the vanadium titano-magnetite, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃.
The CO content of the flue gas above the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is 40.93vol%, and the flue gas with high temperature is used as coal gas after being cooled and decontaminated. The liquid slag flowing out of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 contained 12.66wt% iron and the carbureted molten iron contained 2.11wt%.
The liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron flow into an electrothermal reduction pool 220, lime and crushed coal (the amount of lime and crushed coal added to each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite is 30kg and 20kg respectively) are added from an electrothermal reduction feed inlet 222, the liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron are mainly heated for the titanium slag liquid in a resistance way through the heat supply of a graphite electrode 221, the heat release of the electric arc is reduced, the liquid slag is reduced until the temperature of the titanium slag liquid is raised to 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the lower vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃.
The contents of Fe and TiO2 in the titanium slag liquid discharged from the electrothermal reduction tank 220 are respectively 1.56wt% and 42.39wt%, and the contents of C and V in the vanadium-containing molten iron are respectively 3.45wt% and 1.24wt%. 295kg of titanium slag and 847kg of vanadium-containing molten iron are produced by treating each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite. 303kg of vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted in an induction furnace, graphite is used as a carburant, and the vanadium-containing molten iron with the carbon content of 5 weight percent is used as carbon-containing molten iron.
Treatment results: the annual treatment of 10 ten thousand tons of vanadium titano-magnetite requires 1.7 ten thousand tons of lump coal, 2.5 ten thousand tons of coal dust and 3100 ten thousand Nm3 of oxygen to produce 5.44 ten thousand tons of vanadium-containing molten iron and 2.95 ten thousand tons of titanium slag.
Example 2
Vanadium titano-magnetite and lump coal according to the mass ratio of 1: mixing in a proportion of 0.2, directly putting into a side-blown reduction smelting pool 210, spraying pulverized coal and oxygen-enriched air in a side-blown manner, and treating each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite by injecting 220kg of pulverized coal, wherein the consumption of oxygen and air are respectively 300Nm3 and 40Nm3 (the oxygen-enriched concentration is 90.71%). The side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is stirred vigorously under the action of the side-blown lance 211, the height of foam slag is 1m from the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212, and the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 can maintain a relatively stable state. The temperature of the liquid slag is 1300-1450 ℃. The carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 4.5 weight percent, the adding mass of the carbon-containing molten iron is 36.36 percent of the mass of the vanadium titano-magnetite, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃.
The CO content of the flue gas above the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is 39.85vol%, and the flue gas with high temperature is used as coal gas after being cooled and decontaminated. The liquid slag flowing out of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 contained 15.55wt% iron and the carbureted molten iron contained 1.91wt%.
The liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron flow into an electrothermal reduction pool 220, lime and crushed coal (the amount of lime and crushed coal added to each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite is 30kg and 25kg respectively) are added from an electrothermal reduction feed inlet 222, the electric arc heat release is reduced by mainly carrying out resistance heating on the titanium slag liquid in a graphite electrode 221 heating mode, the liquid slag is reduced to the titanium slag liquid, the temperature is increased to 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the lower vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃.
The contents of Fe and TiO2 in the titanium slag liquid discharged from the electrothermal reduction pond are respectively 1.94wt% and 42.22wt%, and the contents of C and V in the vanadium-containing molten iron are respectively 2.85wt% and 1.24wt%. 296kg of titanium slag and 904kg of vanadium-containing molten iron are produced by treating each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite. 364kg of vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted in an induction furnace, graphite is used as a carburant, and the carbon content is increased to 4.5 weight percent and then the molten iron is used as carbon-containing molten iron.
Treatment results: the annual treatment of 10 ten thousand tons of vanadium titano-magnetite requires the consumption of 2.25 ten thousand tons of lump coal, 2.2 ten thousand tons of coal dust and 3000 ten thousand Nm3 of oxygen, and 5.40 ten thousand tons of vanadium-containing molten iron and 2.96 ten thousand tons of titanium slag are produced.
Example 3
Vanadium titano-magnetite and lump coal according to the mass ratio of 1: mixing in a proportion of 0.25, directly putting into a side-blown reduction smelting pool 210, spraying pulverized coal and oxygen-enriched air in a side-blown manner, wherein 180kg of pulverized coal is required to be sprayed into each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite for treatment, and the consumption of oxygen and air are respectively 300Nm3 and 70Nm3 (the oxygen-enriched concentration is 85.05%). The side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is stirred vigorously under the action of the side-blown lance 211, the height of foam slag is 1m from the side-blown smelting feed inlet 212, and the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 can maintain a relatively stable state. The temperature of the liquid slag is 1300-1450 ℃. The carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.5 percent by weight, the adding amount of the carbon-containing molten iron is 24.50 percent of the mass of the vanadium titano-magnetite, and the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃.
The CO content of the flue gas above the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 is 39.85vol%, and the flue gas with high temperature is used as coal gas after being cooled and decontaminated. The liquid slag flowing out of the side-blown reduction smelting tank 210 contained 13.99wt% iron and the carbureted molten iron contained 2.24wt%.
The liquid slag and the carbureted molten iron flow into an electrothermal reduction pool 220, lime and crushed coal (the amount of lime and crushed coal added to each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite is 30kg and 20kg respectively) are added from an electrothermal reduction feed inlet 222, the electric arc heat release is reduced by mainly carrying out resistance heating on the titanium slag liquid in a graphite electrode 221 heating mode, the liquid slag is reduced to the titanium slag liquid, the temperature is increased to 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the lower vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃.
The contents of Fe and TiO2 in the titanium slag liquid discharged from the electrothermal reduction pond are 2.33wt% and 41.82wt%, respectively, and the contents of C and V in the vanadium-containing molten iron are 3.45wt% and 1.27wt%, respectively. And (3) treating 300kg of titanium slag produced by each ton of vanadium titano-magnetite, and 788kg of vanadium-containing molten iron. 245kg of vanadium-containing molten iron is carbureted in an induction furnace, graphite is used as a carburant, and the carbon content is increased to 5.5 weight percent and then the molten iron is used as carbon-containing molten iron.
Treatment results: the annual treatment of 10 ten thousand tons of vanadium titano-magnetite requires the consumption of 2.7 ten thousand tons of lump coal, 1.8 ten thousand tons of coal dust and 3000 ten thousand Nm3 of oxygen, and 5.43 ten thousand tons of vanadium-containing molten iron and 3 ten thousand tons of titanium slag are produced.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A) Reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite by using a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-enriched air so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and liquid slag;
b) Increasing the carbon content of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain a carbureted molten iron;
c) Carrying out reduction treatment on the liquid slag and the carbureted iron liquid so as to obtain vanadium-containing molten iron and titanium slag liquid;
adding carbon-containing molten iron to the vanadium-containing molten iron in the step B) so as to obtain the carbureted iron, wherein the carbon-containing molten iron contains carbon with a carbon content greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron, the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is greater than that of the vanadium-containing molten iron, and carbureting a part of the vanadium-containing molten iron so as to obtain the carbon-containing molten iron; adding a waste graphite electrode to a portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron in an induction furnace, and maintaining a temperature of the portion of the vanadium-containing molten iron added to the waste graphite electrode so as to perform the carburetion.
2. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 4wt% or more and 6wt% or less.
3. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 4.5wt% or more and 5.5wt% or less.
4. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein the carbon content of the carbon-containing molten iron is 5.23wt%.
5. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the vanadium titano-magnetite to the carbon-containing molten iron added to the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1: (0.2-0.3).
6. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the carbon-containing molten iron is 1500 ℃ or higher and 1650 ℃ or lower.
7. The method for reducing and smelting vanadium titano-magnetite according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step A), the temperature of the liquid slag is 1300-1450 ℃;
in the step B), the temperature of the carbureted iron liquid is 1400-1500 ℃;
in the step C), the temperature of the titanium slag liquid is 1600-1700 ℃, and the temperature of the vanadium-containing molten iron is 1550-1600 ℃.
8. The method of vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting according to claim 1, wherein in step B) carbon-containing iron nuggets are added to the vanadium-containing iron nuggets in order to obtain the carburetted iron nugget.
9. The vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device is characterized by comprising a side-blown furnace, wherein the side-blown furnace comprises:
The furnace body is provided with a furnace chamber, a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a bottom wall and a top wall, wherein the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall in a first preset direction, the third side wall is opposite to the fourth side wall in a second preset direction, a titanium slag liquid outlet and a vanadium-containing molten iron outlet are formed in the second side wall, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction;
the first retaining wall and the second retaining wall are arranged between the third side wall and the fourth side wall at intervals along the first preset direction, at least one part of the first retaining wall is positioned in the furnace chamber, at least one part of the second retaining wall is positioned in the furnace chamber, a molten iron tank is defined between the first retaining wall and the first side wall, between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, a side-blown reduction smelting tank is defined between the first retaining wall and the second retaining wall, between the third side wall and the fourth side wall, and between the first retaining wall and the lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank, and between the lower part of the side-blown reduction smelting tank and the lower part of the electric heating reduction tank are communicated;
The side-blowing spray gun is arranged on at least one of the third side wall and the fourth side wall, and is arranged opposite to the side-blowing reduction smelting pool; and
a graphite electrode, a part of which extends into the electrothermal reduction cell;
the induction furnace is provided with an insulating layer;
the top wall is provided with a side-blowing smelting feed inlet, a side-blowing smelting smoke outlet, an electrothermal reduction feed inlet and an electrothermal reduction smoke outlet.
10. The vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device according to claim 9, wherein the side-blown smelting feed inlet and the side-blown smelting outlet flue are open to the side-blown reduction smelting tank, and the electrothermal reduction feed inlet and the electrothermal reduction outlet flue are open to the electrothermal reduction tank.
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| CN212894799U (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-04-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Vanadium titano-magnetite reduction smelting device |
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| CN105755208A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-13 | 钢铁研究总院 | Ladle carburizing method |
| CN106048107A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 东北大学 | Smelting reduction production and thermal refining method for titanium-containing slag mixture |
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