CN219776324U

CN219776324U - Smelting device

Info

Publication number: CN219776324U
Application number: CN202320983941.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆金忠; 董越; 曹珂菲; 李晓霞; 吴玲; 张哲铠; 李海春; 刘恺; 黎敏; 张海鑫; 王健龙; 孙晓峰
Original assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp; China Nonferrous Metals Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp; China Nonferrous Metals Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-26
Filing date: 2023-04-26
Publication date: 2023-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to a smelting device, comprising: furnace body, spray gun group and electrode group. The furnace body has furnace roof, stove bottom, lateral wall and partition wall, the partition wall is located the furnace roof and is extended towards the direction of stove bottom to divide into blast zone and the electric heat district of intercommunication with the furnace body, be equipped with first flue and first charge door on the furnace roof in blast zone, be equipped with the second charge door on the lateral wall in first flue and/or blast zone, be equipped with second flue and third charge door on the furnace roof in electric heat district, the below of the lateral wall in blast zone is equipped with the metal discharge mouth, the below of the lateral wall in electric heat district is equipped with the slag tap, the spray gun group includes a plurality of spray guns, at least part spray gun stretches into in the blast zone by the furnace roof, the electrode group includes a plurality of electrodes, at least part electrode stretches into in the electric heat district by the furnace roof. The smelting device can not only deplete metallurgical slag, but also treat miscellaneous materials, thereby being beneficial to the survival and development of enterprises.

Description

Smelting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting equipment, in particular to a smelting device.

Background

At present, advanced pyrometallurgy of copper and nickel at home and abroad is divided into suspension smelting process and molten pool smelting process. Wherein the representative process of the suspension smelting process is a flash smelting process, and the representative process of the molten pool smelting process comprises side-blowing smelting, top-blowing smelting, bottom-blowing smelting and the like. The smelting processes have advantages and disadvantages, and the common problems are that additional slag depletion equipment is needed, and a plurality of smelting equipment are needed to be matched for production. Meanwhile, raw materials required by copper-nickel smelting enterprises in China are highly dependent on import, and raw material sources are difficult to be effectively ensured due to uncertainty of international situation.

The smelting slag produced by the smelting process in the related technology often needs depletion equipment to improve the recovery rate of valuable metals, and on the other hand, needs mass production to reduce the production cost, and has higher requirements on the sources of raw materials and the stability of components. The raw ores required by copper-nickel smelting enterprises in China are highly dependent on import, the raw material sources are difficult to be effectively ensured due to the uncertainty of international situation, and further, the stability of raw material components is low, so that the survival and development of the enterprises are restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a smelting device which can not only deplete metallurgical slag, but also treat miscellaneous materials and is beneficial to the survival and development of enterprises.

The smelting device of the embodiment of the utility model comprises: the furnace body is provided with a furnace top, a furnace bottom, side walls and partition walls, the partition walls are arranged on the furnace top and extend towards the direction of the furnace bottom so as to divide the furnace body into a blowing area and an electric heating area which are communicated, a first flue and a first charging port are arranged on the furnace top of the blowing area, a second charging port is arranged on the side walls of the first flue and/or the blowing area, a second flue and a third charging port are arranged on the furnace top of the electric heating area, a metal discharging port is arranged below the side walls of the blowing area, and a slag discharging port is arranged below the side walls of the electric heating area; the spray gun group comprises a plurality of spray guns, and at least part of the spray guns extend into the spraying area from the furnace top; the electrode group comprises a plurality of electrodes, and at least part of the electrodes extend into the electrothermal region from the furnace roof.

According to the smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first flue and the first charging hole are arranged on the furnace top of the injection zone, and the second charging hole is arranged on the first flue and/or the side wall of the injection zone, so that different materials can be added into the injection zone by the smelting device. For example, the first feed port may be charged with miscellaneous materials and the second feed port may be charged with metallurgical slag. The smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be used for not only depleting metallurgical slag, but also treating miscellaneous materials, so that the application range of the smelting device can be enlarged, and the survival and development of enterprises are facilitated.

In some embodiments, the side wall comprises a side wall and an end wall, the end wall is arranged at two ends of the furnace body in the length direction, the side wall is arranged at two ends of the furnace body in the width direction, the spray gun group comprises a first spray gun, a second spray gun and a third spray gun, the first spray gun extends into the spraying area from the furnace top, the second spray gun extends into the spraying area from the end wall, and the third spray gun extends into the spraying area from the side wall.

In some embodiments, the first flue is defined between the end wall and the furnace roof, the second feed inlet is provided on the end wall of the first flue, and/or the second feed inlet is provided on the end wall of the blowing zone.

In some embodiments, the side walls and the end walls are water jacket-refractory brick structures; and/or the furnace top is of a water jacket-casting material structure; and/or the furnace bottom is of a steel plate-refractory brick structure; and/or the partition wall, the first charging port, the second charging port, the third charging port, the slag discharging port and the metal discharging port are of copper water jacket structures.

In some embodiments, the furnace is a stationary furnace or a rotary furnace.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a smelting apparatus according to an embodiment of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a smelting apparatus according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Reference numerals:

1. a furnace body; 11. a furnace roof; 111. a first feed inlet; 112. a third feed inlet; 113. a second flue; 12. a furnace bottom; 13. a sidewall; 131. end wall; 1311. a second feed inlet; 1312. a metal discharge port; 1313. a slag discharge port; 132. a side wall; 14. partition walls; 15. a first flue; 16. a blowing area; 17. an electric heating zone;

2. a spray gun; 21. a first spray gun; 22. a second spray gun; 23. a third spray gun;

3. an electrode.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

A smelting apparatus and a smelting method thereof according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a smelting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes: furnace body 1, spray gun group and electrode group. The furnace body 1 is provided with a furnace top 11, a furnace bottom 12, side walls 13 and a partition wall 14, wherein the partition wall 14 is arranged on the furnace top 11 and extends towards the furnace bottom 12 to divide the furnace body 1 into a blowing zone 16 and an electric heating zone 17 which are communicated, a first flue 15 and a first charging port 111 are arranged on the furnace top 11 of the blowing zone 16, a second charging port 1311 is arranged on the side walls 13 of the first flue 15 and/or the blowing zone 16, a second flue 113 and a third charging port 112 are arranged on the furnace top 11 of the electric heating zone 17, a metal discharge port 1312 is arranged below the side walls 13 of the blowing zone 16, and a slag discharge port 1313 is arranged below the side walls 13 of the electric heating zone 17.

As shown in fig. 1, the lance group comprises a plurality of lances 2, at least part of the lances 2 extending from the roof 11 into the injection zone 16. The electrode assembly comprises a plurality of electrodes 3, at least part of the electrodes 3 extending from the furnace roof 11 into the electrothermal region 17.

According to the smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first flue 15 and the first charging hole 111 are arranged on the furnace top 11 of the injection zone 16, and the second charging hole 1311 is arranged on the first flue 15 and/or the side wall 13 of the injection zone 16, so that different materials can be added into the injection zone 16 by the smelting device. For example, the first feed port 111 may be charged with miscellaneous materials and the second feed port 1311 may be charged with metallurgical slag. The smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be used for not only depleting metallurgical slag, but also treating miscellaneous materials, so that the application range of the smelting device can be enlarged, and the survival and development of enterprises are facilitated.

It will be appreciated that second feed port 1311 is adapted to feed hot melt material to blowing zone 16. For example, the hot melt material is smelting slag that may be channeled into the blowing zone 16 via launders. In addition, the second charging port 1311 is arranged on the first flue 15 and/or the side wall 13 of the blowing zone 16, so that hot melt materials can be conveniently introduced into the region of the blowing zone 16 away from the electric heating zone 17, and the smelting slag can be more fully reacted in the furnace body 1.

For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the second charging port 1311 is disposed on the first flue 15, smoke can be discharged through the first flue 15, and the first flue 15 can be used for charging, so that the structure of the furnace body 1 can be optimized, and the use effect of the smelting device is better.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the side wall 13 includes a side wall 132 and an end wall 131, the end wall 131 is disposed at two ends of the furnace body 1 in the length direction, the side wall 132 is disposed at two ends of the furnace body 1 in the width direction, the spray gun set includes a first spray gun 212, a second spray gun 222 and a third spray gun 232, the first spray gun 212 extends from the furnace top 11 into the blowing zone 16, the second spray gun 222 extends from the end wall 131 into the blowing zone 16, and the third spray gun 232 extends from the side wall 132 into the blowing zone 16. The metallurgical device of the embodiment of the utility model can ensure that the fuel effect of the materials in the injection zone 16 is better by arranging the first injection gun 212, the second injection gun 222 and the third injection gun 232 to inject the materials in the injection zone 16.

For example, oxygen-enriched air and natural gas may be introduced to injection zone 16 through first lance 212 through compressed air and oxygen-enriched air, and through second lance 222 and third lance 232 to injection zone 16.

Alternatively, the specification and number of the spray guns 2 may be determined according to the actual production scale. The electrodes 3 are graphite electrodes 3, and the specification and the number of the graphite electrodes 3 can be determined according to the actual production scale.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the end wall 131 and the furnace roof 11 define a first flue 15 therebetween, and the second feed port 1311 is provided in the end wall 131 of the first flue 15. Alternatively, the second port 1311 is provided in the end wall 131 of the blowing section 16. The specific location of the second feed inlet 1311 is not particularly limited in the present utility model, and may be designed according to actual requirements of factory building configuration or production requirements.

In some embodiments, the side walls 132 and the end walls 131 may be water jacket-refractory brick structures, the furnace roof 11 may be a water jacket-castable structure, the furnace bottom 12 may be a steel plate-refractory brick structure, and the partition wall 14, the first charging port 111, the second charging port 1311, the third charging port 112, the slag discharge port 1313, and the metal discharge port 1312 may be copper water jacket structures. The material structure of each part of the furnace body 1 is not particularly limited, and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

Alternatively, the furnace body 1 is a stationary furnace body 1. Specifically, the general structure of the furnace body 1 is an electrothermal square narrow and long furnace body 1. The inventors found that the furnace body 1 has few low-temperature dead angles.

Optionally, the furnace body 1 is a rotary furnace body 1, so that the uniformity of combustion materials of the furnace body 1 can be improved, and the materials can react more fully.

According to another embodiment of the present utility model, a smelting method, applied to a smelting apparatus of the present utility model, includes the steps of:

feeding the raw material into the blowing zone 16 through the first feed port 111 or the second feed port 1311;

air and natural gas are introduced into the blowing zone 16 through the lance 2;

adding slag modifier into the electric heating area 17 through a third charging port 112;

heating the material in the electrothermal region 17 through the electrode 3 to form reduced metal and depleted slag;

the reduced metal is discharged through the metal discharge port 1312, and the depleted slag is discharged through the slag discharge port 1313.

According to the smelting method of the embodiment of the utility model, the first flue 15 and the first charging hole 111 are arranged on the furnace top 11 of the injection zone 16, and the second charging hole 1311 is arranged on the first flue 15 and/or the side wall 13 of the injection zone 16, so that different materials can be added into the injection zone 16 by the smelting device. For example, the first feed port 111 may be charged with miscellaneous materials and the second feed port 1311 may be charged with metallurgical slag. The smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be used for not only depleting metallurgical slag, but also treating miscellaneous materials, so that the application range of the smelting device can be enlarged, and the survival and development of enterprises are facilitated.

(1) In a specific embodiment, copper concentrate, miscellaneous materials, quartz stone, lump coal and system return materials are proportioned into a mixture, the mixture is conveyed into a smelting furnace (which can be a flash furnace, a top-blowing furnace, a side-blowing furnace or a bottom-blowing furnace and the like), and copper matte and smelting slag are obtained through smelting.

Distribution ratio of copper concentrate and impurity: 0-100%;

smelting slag operating temperature: 1250-1500 ℃;

the iron-silicon ratio (Fe/SiO 2) of the smelting slag is preferably 0.7-1.6;

smelting slag contains copper: 0.6% -1.2%.

The smelting slag is fed into the injection zone 16 through the launder and through the second feed port 1311, and sulfiding agent and reducing agent are fed into the injection zone 16 through the first feed port 111. The compressed air and the oxygen-enriched air are introduced into the injection zone 16 through the first spray gun 212, the oxygen-enriched air and the natural gas are introduced into the injection zone 16 through the second spray gun 222 and the third spray gun 232, the molten pool is stirred and supplemented with heat, and the aggregation and separation of copper matte in smelting slag are accelerated. The flue gas of the blowing zone 16 is discharged through the first flue 15.

Slag type modifier is added through the third feeding port 112 to further improve slag type, and the effect of lean slag dilution is improved by heating with the electrode 3. The flue gas of the electric heating zone 17 is discharged through a second flue 113.

The copper matte is discharged through the metal tap 1312 and the depleted slag is discharged through the slag tap 1313.

The operation temperature of lean slag is 1250-1400 DEG C

The lean slag iron-silicon ratio (Fe/SiO 2) is preferably 0.7-1.6;

the lean slag contains copper 0.4% -0.6%.

(2) In another specific embodiment, nickel concentrate, miscellaneous materials, quartz stone, lump coal and system return materials are proportioned into a mixture, the mixture is conveyed into a smelting furnace (which can be a flash furnace, a top-blowing furnace, a side-blowing furnace or a bottom-blowing furnace and the like), and nickel matte and smelting slag are obtained through smelting.

Distribution ratio of nickel concentrate and impurity: 0-100%;

smelting slag operating temperature: 1250-1500 ℃;

the iron-silicon ratio (Fe/SiO 2) of the smelting slag is preferably 0.7-1.6;

the smelting slag contains Ni:0.35% -0.8%.

The nickel matte is discharged through the metal tap 1312 and the depleted slag is discharged through the slag tap 1313.

The operation temperature of lean slag is 1250-1400 DEG C

The lean slag iron-silicon ratio (Fe/SiO 2) is preferably 0.7-1.6;

the lean slag contains 0.2% -0.5% of nickel.

(3) In yet another specific embodiment, nickel concentrate, miscellaneous materials, quartz, lump coal, and system return materials are proportioned into a mixture, which is fed into the injection zone 16 through the first feed opening 111. The compressed air and the oxygen-enriched air are introduced into the injection zone 16 through the first spray gun 212, the oxygen-enriched air and the natural gas are introduced into the injection zone 16 through the second spray gun 222 and the third spray gun 232, the molten pool is stirred and supplemented with heat, and the aggregation and separation of copper matte in smelting slag are accelerated. The flue gas of the blowing zone 16 is discharged through the first flue 15.

Slag modifier is added through the third feed port 112 to further improve slag type, and the electrode 3 is matched for heating, so that the nickel content in the smelting slag is reduced, and the recovery rate of valuable metals is improved. The flue gas of the electric heating zone 17 is discharged through a second flue 113. The nickel matte is discharged through the metal tap 1312 and the depleted slag is discharged through the slag tap 1313.

Distribution ratio of nickel concentrate and impurity: 0-100%;

the iron-silicon ratio (Fe/SiO 2) of the slag is preferably 0.7-1.6;

the smelting slag contains 0.2 to 0.5 percent of nickel.

In conclusion, the smelting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be suitable for various materials, and has lower requirements on the components and the forms of raw materials. And the smelting device has high efficiency, high reaction intensity and convenient and safe operation. The flexibility of the production system can be increased, and the survivability of enterprises can be improved.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A smelting apparatus, comprising:

the furnace body is provided with a furnace top, a furnace bottom, side walls and partition walls, the partition walls are arranged on the furnace top and extend towards the direction of the furnace bottom so as to divide the furnace body into a blowing area and an electric heating area which are communicated, a first flue and a first charging port are arranged on the furnace top of the blowing area, a second charging port is arranged on the side walls of the first flue and/or the blowing area, a second flue and a third charging port are arranged on the furnace top of the electric heating area, a metal discharging port is arranged below the side walls of the blowing area, and a slag discharging port is arranged below the side walls of the electric heating area;

the spray gun group comprises a plurality of spray guns, and at least part of the spray guns extend into the spraying area from the furnace top;

the electrode group comprises a plurality of electrodes, and at least part of the electrodes extend into the electrothermal region from the furnace roof.

2. The smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side wall includes a side wall and an end wall, the end wall is arranged at both ends in a length direction of the furnace body, the side wall is arranged at both ends in a width direction of the furnace body, the lance group includes a first lance extending from the furnace top into the injection zone, a second lance extending from the end wall into the injection zone, and a third lance extending from the side wall into the injection zone.

3. The smelting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the end wall and the furnace roof define the first flue therebetween, the second feed port is provided on the end wall of the first flue, and/or the second feed port is provided on the end wall of the injection zone.

4. The smelting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the side walls and the end walls are of a water jacket-refractory brick construction;

and/or the furnace top is of a water jacket-casting material structure;

and/or the furnace bottom is of a steel plate-refractory brick structure;

and/or the partition wall, the first charging port, the second charging port, the third charging port, the slag discharging port and the metal discharging port are of copper water jacket structures.

5. The smelting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the furnace body is a fixed furnace body or a rotary furnace body.