WO2020201180A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat mit reduziertem phosgenüberschuss - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat mit reduziertem phosgenüberschuss Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020201180A1 WO2020201180A1 PCT/EP2020/058894 EP2020058894W WO2020201180A1 WO 2020201180 A1 WO2020201180 A1 WO 2020201180A1 EP 2020058894 W EP2020058894 W EP 2020058894W WO 2020201180 A1 WO2020201180 A1 WO 2020201180A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phosgene
- mol
- dihydroxydiarylalkane
- polycarbonate
- chain terminator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/20—General preparatory processes
- C08G64/22—General preparatory processes using carbonyl halides
- C08G64/24—General preparatory processes using carbonyl halides and phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/04—Aromatic polycarbonates
- C08G64/06—Aromatic polycarbonates not containing aliphatic unsaturation
- C08G64/14—Aromatic polycarbonates not containing aliphatic unsaturation containing a chain-terminating or -crosslinking agent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of polycarbonate by the phase interface process from at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane, phosgene, at least one catalyst and at least one chain terminator, the process enabling a reduced phosgene excess through a defined energy input for dispersing the aqueous and organic phase.
- the process according to the invention leads to a polycarbonate with a low proportion of oligomers and a low proportion of di-chain terminator carbonate.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a defined energy input for dispersing the aqueous and organic phase in a process for the production of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process to reduce the phosgene excess.
- EP-A 05170444 also describes the phase boundary process for producing polycarbonate.
- the phosgenation of a disodium salt of a bisphenol or a mixture of different bisphenols in aqueous-alkaline solution or suspension takes place in the presence of an inert organic solvent or solvent mixture which forms a second organic phase in addition to the aqueous one.
- the resulting oligocarbonates which are mainly present in the organic phase, are condensed with the aid of suitable catalysts to give high molecular weight polycarbonates dissolved in the organic phase, the molecular weight being able to be controlled by suitable chain terminators (e.g. monofunctional phenols).
- the organic phase is then separated off and the polycarbonate is isolated from it by various processing steps.
- DE-A 2 725 967 teaches that it is favorable for the phosgene yield of a process to first bring together aqueous and organic phases containing phosgene in a tube and then to introduce them into a tank-type reactor.
- EP 0 520 272 B1 shows that a small excess of phosgene can be achieved by splitting the flow of the BPA solution.
- the disadvantage of the method is, among other things, the increased effort involved in dosing a second stream of BPA.
- DE 10 2008 012 613 A1 discloses a continuous process for the production of polycarbonate, a dispersant being used to disperse the organic and aqueous phases. Here it is described as advantageous that an oil-in-water dispersion is produced by the disperser.
- this document generally discloses the use of 2 * e 6 W / m 3 to 5 * e 9 W / m 3 , preferably from 5 * e 6 W / m 3 to 1 * e 9 W / m 3, energy input by the disperser.
- an energy input of 1.2 * e 6 W / m 3 is disclosed in the examples of this document, with an oil-in-water dispersion being present. Since the energy input in the examples does not match the generally disclosed areas of the energy input, it suggests that the generally disclosed energy inputs were incorrectly described in the description.
- This document focuses solely on reducing the phosgene content and goes less into the properties of the resulting polycarbonate. In particular, it does not mention either an oligomer content in the polycarbonate or the content of di-chain terminator carbonate.
- the properties of the resulting polycarbonate are, however, influenced by the oligomer content in the PC and also the content of the di-chain terminator carbonate.
- the term “di-chain terminator carbonate” is understood to mean a compound which is formed by the reaction of two chain terminator molecules with phosgene to form a carbonate.
- the properties of the PC that are influenced by this include impact strength, glass transition temperature and behavior at elevated temperatures.
- low molecular weight compounds can lead to bleaching in the production of CDs.
- the formation of a di-chain terminator carbonate results in the loss of chain terminators, which are actually required for the reaction and its viscosity control.
- di-chain terminator carbonate occurs through the reaction of phosgene with the chain terminator.
- the chain terminator is therefore usually only added to the reaction system when the phosgene has been completely converted. This can be done, for example, by using a multi-stage process, in which an oligomer is first produced in a first stage, which is further condensed in a second stage, or that the chain terminator is very late in the process at high conversions, ie one already larger molecular weight build-up of the polycarbonate, is admitted.
- the content of oligomers in the resulting polycarbonate is increased if the chain terminator is only added at high conversions.
- EP 0 408 924 A2 describes the production of low molecular weight polycarbonate with a narrow molecular weight distribution, ie. H. a low proportion of oligomers.
- this prior art proposes a two-stage process in which a phosgene-free bischloroformate with a degree of polymerization of 0 to 6 is capped with, for example, phenol and then the capped bischloroformate obtained is condensed with the addition of a catalyst and a base .
- phenol is added as a chain terminator to the bischloroformate solution at a point in time at which phosgene is no longer present in the solution.
- EP 0 289 826 A2 also relates to the production of polycarbonate with a low proportion of oligomers.
- a bischloroformate with a degree of polymerization of 0 to 6 is assumed.
- this bischloroformate is prepared in a reaction in which a large excess of phosgene (739.3 mmol of phosgene to 250 mmol of bisphenol A) is initially used. The unreacted portion of phosgene is therefore subsequently broken down by adding NaOH. Only then is the chain terminator p-t-butylphenol added. This means that here too the chain terminator is added to the reaction system at a point in time at which phosgene is no longer present.
- EP 0 640 639 A2 describes a two-stage process in which bisphenol A is initially reacted continuously with excess phosgene. The organic and aqueous phases are then separated in a further step, with further bisphenol A and NaOH subsequently being added to the organic phase, as a result of which any phosge which may still be present reacts. Only then is a catalyst and the chain terminator added.
- the present invention was therefore based on the object of providing a process for producing polycarbonate by the phase boundary process, in which at least one disadvantage of the prior art is improved.
- the present invention was based on the object of providing a process for the production of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process in which the phosgene excess can be reduced.
- the method provides a polycarbonate which has a low content of di-chain terminator carbonate.
- the present invention was based in particular on the object of providing a process for the production of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process which yields a polycarbonate which at the same time has a low proportion of oligomers and of di-chain terminator carbonate.
- At least one, preferably all of the above-mentioned objects have been achieved by the present invention.
- the use of a defined input of energy in the dispersion of the aqueous and organic phases can reduce the phosgene excess.
- the reactions of phosgenation of the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane, oligomerization and saponification can be separated by the high phosgene conversion generated. This preferably means that the addition of the at least one chain terminator to the reaction system can take place earlier due to the high phosgene conversion.
- the chain terminator can also be added to the reaction system at a point in time at which phosgene is still present in the reaction system.
- the chain terminator can become a be introduced into the reaction system very early on. “Very early” here means that only oligomeric compounds from the reaction of at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane with the phosgene are present which have an average degree of polymerization of at least one unit and at most five or six units.
- the resulting polycarbonate has a low proportion of di-chain terminator carbonate, although the chain terminator is introduced into a system which contains phosgene.
- the resulting polycarbonate has a narrow molecular weight distribution and thus a low oligomer content.
- the resulting polycarbonate therefore also has the improved properties already described, which result from a low proportion of di-chain terminator carbonate and a low proportion of oligomers.
- the process according to the invention is more economical and more ecological than the processes described in the prior art.
- the phosgene excess can be reduced with the method according to the invention.
- the amount of chain terminator required can be reduced, since less loss results from the formation of di-chain terminator carbonate.
- step (b) Adding at least one chain terminator to the dispersion from step (a) and
- step (c) Adding at least one catalyst to the mixture obtained from step (b), which is characterized in that the energy input through the dispersant in step (a) is 2.5 * e 6 W / m 3 to 5.0 * e 7 W / m 3 , preferably 3.0 * e 6 W / m 3 to 4.0 * e 7 W / m 3 , particularly preferably from 1.0 * e 7 W / m 3 to
- the person skilled in the art is able to convert from 1.22 g / cm 3 J / kg to W / m 3 on the basis of the density of a PC solution at 25 ° C.
- the terms homogenization and dispersion are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the term “homogenization” is preferably understood to mean that a state is sought, preferably obtained, in which the concentrations of the individual components of the composition within any volume element of the aqueous or the organic phase is essentially the same.
- the term “essentially” here is preferably understood to mean a deviation in the concentration of the individual components of the composition of any volume element of at most 5%, preferably at most 3% and particularly preferably at most 1%.
- the phase interface between the aqueous and organic phase is as small as possible.
- the term “dispersion” is also preferably understood to mean the formation of an emulsion, preferably without the presence of an emulsifier, from the aqueous and the organic phase, it being possible for the aqueous and organic phase to contain the further components for producing the polycarbonate. Examples of such an emulsion are the oil-in-water or the water-in-oil dispersion. Homogenization thus differs from dispersion preferably in that there is no concentration gradient of any dissolved substance within one of the phases during the homogenization and the phase boundary surface between the phases is as small as possible.
- the phosgene excess can be successfully reduced further only in certain areas of the energy input.
- the person skilled in the art is able to calculate a corresponding energy input if a reactor is specified.
- the specified energy inputs are mean values. This means that higher values or also lower values of the energy input are preferably not excluded. These can also only occur for a short time.
- the mean values are preferably formed over an entire reactor system. Therefore, the energy input at the corresponding edge zones or also built-in components is included.
- an oil-in-water (ow) or a water-in-oil dispersion (wo) can be produced, with oil the organic phase is to be understood.
- a water-in-oil Dispersion is generated. This has been found to be advantageous for a low content of oligomers and di-chain terminator carbonate in the polycarbonate.
- the organic phase is preferably continuously dispersed into the aqueous phase by means of the dispersant.
- an oil-in-water dispersion is one in which water forms the outer (continuous) and oil the inner (dispersed) phase, i.e. Oil droplets are distributed in water.
- a water-in-oil dispersion is therefore one in which oil forms the outer phase and water forms the inner phase.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the method comprises the step of adding an alkali at least once.
- additional here preferably means an active step of the additional addition.
- such an initial step is preferably not the addition of an alkali lye.
- any addition of an alkali is understood as an addition of an alkali.
- This step of adding an alkali is an exothermic reaction.
- it is preferably carried out in a temperature range from -5 ° C. to 100 ° C., particularly preferably 15 ° C. to 80 ° C., very particularly preferably 25 to 65 ° C., depending on the solvent or solvent mixture, it may be necessary to work under excess pressure.
- different pressures can be used. For example, a pressure of 0.5 to 20 bar (absolute) can preferably be used.
- the process according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one chain terminator is added to the reaction system of process step (b) before the first of the at least one addition of the alkali.
- alkali metal hydroxide can be added before the addition of the at least one chain terminator.
- this amount must not be too high, otherwise the The degree of polymerization of the reaction product R is too high. This means that the person skilled in the art can only add as much alkali hydroxide solution before adding the at least one chain terminator as long as it is guaranteed that the preferences according to the invention with regard to the reaction product R are observed.
- the process according to the invention can be used to reduce the phosgene excess. It is preferred that in process step (a) an excess of phosgene over the sum of the dihydroxydiarylalkanes used of 3 to 20 mol%, preferably 4 to 10 mol%, particularly preferably 5 to 9 mol%, very particularly preferred from 6 to 8 mol% is present.
- mol% are calculated here as follows: mol phosgene / (mol sum of all phenolic OH groups / 2).
- the sum of all phenolic groups is composed, for example, of the dihydroxydiarylalkane with 2 OH groups, the chain terminator with 1 OH group and / or optionally branching agents with, for example, 3 OH groups.
- an alkali in step (a) is preferably not understood as the addition of an alkali.
- the alkali preferably sodium hydroxide, which is used to dissolve the BPA in the aqueous phase.
- the phosgenation step (a) preferably as little free alkali as possible is made available in order to avoid saponification of the phosgene to sodium carbonate (i.e. a loss of phosgene).
- 1.80 moles to 2.20 moles, preferably 1.95 moles -2.05 moles, of alkali metal per mole of dihydroxydiarylalkane are used in step (a).
- the organic phase comprises one or more solvents.
- Suitable solvents are aromatic and / or aliphatic chlorinated ones
- Hydrocarbons preferably dichloromethane, trichlorethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane and chlorobenzene and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, m- / p- / o-xylene or aromatic ethers such as anisole alone, in admixture or in addition to or in admixture with chlorinated hydrocarbons; preference is given to dichloromethane and chlorobenzene and mixtures thereof.
- Another embodiment of the method according to the invention uses solvents which do not dissolve polycarbonate, but only swell. It can therefore also
- Non-solvents for polycarbonate can be used in combination with solvents.
- Solvents soluble in the aqueous phase such as Tetrahydrofuran, 1,3- or 1,4-dioxane, or 1,3-dioxolane can be used when the solvent partner forms the second organic phase.
- Suitable dihydroxydiarylalkanes - referred to above and below, inter alia, as diphenol - are those of the general formula
- HO-Z-OH where Z is a divalent organic radical with 6 to 30 carbon atoms which contains one or more aromatic groups.
- Examples of such compounds that can be used in the process according to the invention are dihydroxydiarylalkanes such as hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenyl, bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfides, bis ( hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ketones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides, 4,4'-bis (hydroxyphenyl) diisopropylbenzenes, and their alkylated, nucleus alkylated and Nuclear halogenated compounds.
- Preferred dihydroxydiarylalkanes are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenyl-propane, 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenyl-ethane, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A (BPA)), 2,4-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis- [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] benzene (Bisphenol M), 2,2-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -methane, 2,2-bis- (3,5- dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -sulfone, 2,4-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, l
- dihydroxydiarylalkanes are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, l, l-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenyl-ethane, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (bisphenol A (BPA)), 2, 2- bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane and 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5 -trimethylcyclohexane (bis-phenol TMC).
- BPA bisphenol A
- polycarbonates are understood as meaning both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates.
- dihydroxydiarylalkane In the case of the production of homopolycarbonates according to the invention, only one dihydroxydiarylalkane is used, in the case of the production of copolycarbonates according to the invention, several dihydroxydiarylalkanes are used, whereby of course the dihydroxydiarylalkanes used, as well as all other chemicals and auxiliaries added to the synthesis with those from their own synthesis, handling and Storage-derived contaminants can be contaminated, although it is desirable to use raw materials that are as clean as possible.
- alkali metal is preferably to be understood as meaning sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or mixtures of these, particularly preferably sodium hydroxide solution.
- the aqueous phase in the phase interface process for the production of the polycarbonate contains alkali, one or more dihydroxydiarylalkanes and water, the concentration of this aqueous solution based on the sum of the dihydroxydiarylalkanes, not calculated as the alkali salt but as the free dihydroxydiarylalkane, preferably between 1 and 30% by weight , particularly preferably between 3 and 25% by weight, very particularly preferably 15 to 18% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous phase.
- the alkali hydroxide used to dissolve the dihydroxydiarylalkanes e.g. Sodium or potassium hydroxide, can be used in solid form or as the corresponding aqueous alkali solution.
- the concentration of the alkali depends on the target concentration of the desired dihydroxydiarylalkane solution, but is usually between 5 and 25% by weight, preferably 5 and 10% by weight, based on 100% alkali, or it is chosen to be more concentrated and then added Water diluted. In the process with subsequent dilution, alkali solutions with concentrations between 15 and 75% by weight, preferably 25 and 55% by weight, optionally tempered, are used.
- Dihydroxydiarylalkane is dependent on the structure of the dihydroxydiarylalkane, but usually ranges from 1.5 mol alkali / mol dihydroxydiarylalkane to 2.5 mol alkali / mol dihydroxydiarylalkane, preferably from 1.8 to 2.2 mol alkali / mol dihydroxydiarylalkane and im particularly preferred case that bisphenol A is used as the sole dihydroxydiarylalkane, from 1.85 to 2.15 mol of alkali, very particularly preferably 2.00 mol of alkali. If more than one dihydroxydiarylalkane is used, these can be dissolved together.
- dihydroxydiarylalkanes Since the solubility of dihydroxydiarylalkanes depends very much on the used Depending on the amount of alkali, it can be advantageous, instead of one solution with two dihydroxydiarylalkanes, to have two solutions, each with one dihydroxydiarylalkane dissolved in a suitable alkali, which are then dosed separately so that the correct mixing ratio is created. Furthermore, it can be advantageous not to dissolve the dihydroxydiarylalkane (s) in alkali but in a dilute dihydroxydiarylalkane solution containing additional alkali.
- the dissolution processes can start from solid dihydroxydiarylalkanes, usually in flake or prill form, or also from molten dihydroxydiarylalkanes.
- the alkali hydroxide or alkali hydroxide used can have been produced, for example, by the amalgam process or the so-called membrane process. Both methods have been used for a long time and are familiar to the person skilled in the art. In the case of sodium hydroxide solution, preference is given to using that produced by the membrane process.
- the dihydroxydiarylalkane (s) are wholly or partly in the form of the corresponding alkali metal salts or dialkali salts.
- Any metered addition of dihydroxydiarylalkane (s) after or during the introduction of phosgene can be carried out for as long as phosgene or its immediate secondary products, the chlorocarbonic acid ester, are present in the reaction solution.
- the organic phase of step (a) additionally comprises at least phosgene.
- the organic phase here already completely or partially comprises the necessary phosgene before the mixture is produced.
- the organic phase preferably already contains all of the required phosgene, including the excess phosgene used.
- the phosgene can be introduced into the organic phase in gaseous or liquid form.
- At least one chain terminator is added to the reaction system of step (a) in step (b).
- the reaction system of step (a) here preferably comprises unconverted phosgene.
- the at least one chain terminator is usually monofunctional.
- the at least one chain terminator is preferably selected from the group consisting of phenol, alkylphenols and their chlorocarbonic acid esters or acid chlorides of monocarboxylic acids, preferably phenol, tert-butylphenol and iso-octylphenol, cumylphenol. Any desired mixtures of the chain terminators mentioned can be used.
- phenol is used as a chain terminator.
- the phenol is preferably used in step (b) in the form of a solution comprising at least one organic solvent and the phenol in a concentration of 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight.
- the aqueous phase is preferably adjusted to a pH of 11.3 to 11.6 at the end of the reaction (ie in step (b)).
- the phenol is preferably added and the pH is adjusted to 11.3 to 11.6 before the catalyst is added.
- p-tert-butylphenol is used as a chain terminator.
- the p-tert-butylphenol is preferably used in step (b) in the form of a solution comprising at least one organic solvent and the p-tert-butylphenol in a concentration of 2 to 25% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight, used.
- the aqueous phase is preferably adjusted to a pH of 11.5 to 11.8 at the end of the reaction (i.e. in step (b)).
- the p-tert-butylphenol is preferably added and the pH is adjusted to 11.5 to 11.8 before the catalyst is added.
- branching agents or branching mixtures can optionally be added to the synthesis.
- branching agents are preferably added before the chain terminator (s).
- Such branching agents are very particularly preferably added in process step (a) with the aqueous phase together with the solution of the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane.
- trisphenols, quarter phenols, acid chlorides of tri- or tetracarboxylic acids or mixtures of polyphenols or acid chlorides are used as branching agents.
- Examples of compounds suitable as branching agents with three or more than three phenolic hydroxyl groups are phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -hepten-2, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4 , 6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -heptane, 1,3,5-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, tri- (4- hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2-bis- (4,4-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexyl] -propane, 2,4-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenol, tetra- (4- hydroxyphenyl) methane.
- branching agents examples include 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, trimesic acid, cyanuric chloride and 3,3-bis- (3-methyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole.
- Particularly preferred branching agents are 3,3-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole and 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane.
- the at least one addition of the alkali is carried out when the dispersion is still an oil-in-water dispersion.
- the addition of alkali, which is aqueous, to a water-in-oil emulsion usually results in a non-ideal molecular weight distribution.
- the at least one chain terminator is preferably added beforehand, this also means that the at least one chain terminator is preferably also added to an oil-in-water dispersion. According to the invention, it is possible for the dispersion to change from water-in-oil to an oil-in-water dispersion during the process.
- the method according to the invention further comprises the step
- step (c) adding at least one catalyst to the mixture obtained from step (b).
- the at least one catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a tertiary amine, an organophosphine and any mixtures.
- the at least one catalyst is very particularly preferably a tertiary amine or a mixture of at least two tertiary amines.
- Tertiary amines are also preferably triethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, N-ethylpiperidine, N-methylpiperidine or Ni / n-propylpiperidine. These compounds are described as typical phase interface catalysts in the literature, are commercially available and are familiar to the person skilled in the art. The catalysts can be added to the synthesis individually, in a mixture or also side by side and one after the other, if appropriate also before the phosgenation, but dosages after the introduction of phosgene are preferred.
- the catalyst or catalysts can be metered in in bulk, in an inert solvent, preferably that or one of those of the organic phase in the polycarbonate synthesis, or else as an aqueous solution.
- tertiary amines as a catalyst, for example, they can be metered in in aqueous solution as their ammonium salts with acids, preferably mineral acids, in particular hydrochloric acid.
- acids preferably mineral acids, in particular hydrochloric acid.
- the total amount of the catalysts used is preferably between 0.001 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.01 to 8 mol%, particularly preferably 0.05 to 5 mol%, based on the moles of dihydroxydiarylalkanes used.
- dispersants are known to the person skilled in the art. According to the invention, it is preferred that at least one nozzle, pipe screen, static mixer, pump and / or jet disperser is used as the dispersant in process step (a). In particular, jet dispersers that allow a preferred direction of metering are preferred. Dispersants suitable for the purposes of the invention are described, for example, in EP-A 1 368 407 and EP-A 1 599 520.
- slot nozzles For example, slot nozzles, ring slot nozzles, hole nozzles, Lefos nozzles or smooth jet nozzles are possible as nozzles.
- the person skilled in the art can select the opening of the nozzle with the aid of his specialist knowledge so that the energy inputs according to the invention result.
- the pressure to be used can preferably be 0.001 to 1 MPa, particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.5 MPa.
- dispersants are used in which the organic and aqueous phases are preferably fed separately from one another and / or only one of the phases is fed to a predispergator by a pump in each case.
- the pressure of these pumps is preferably in each case a maximum of 2.5 MPa, preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 MPa.
- a water-in-oil dispersion is preferably produced by the predisperser.
- Any type of nozzle is suitable as a predispergator, e.g. Slit nozzles, ring slot nozzles, hole nozzles, Lefos nozzles or smooth jet nozzles as well as jet dispersers.
- Any nozzles are also suitable as homogenizing nozzles, e.g. Slit nozzles, ring slot nozzles, hole nozzles, Lefos nozzles or smooth jet nozzles as well as jet dispersers.
- rotating dispersants as described in EP B1 2090605 can be used.
- the predispergator is then followed by the dispersant used according to the invention.
- the energy input defined according to the invention takes place here.
- the process according to the invention is carried out continuously.
- the entire reaction, ie conversion and further condensation, can therefore take place in stirred kettles, tubular reactors, pumped-around reactors or stirred kettle cascades or combinations thereof, with the use of the above-mentioned mixing devices to ensure that the aqueous and organic phases only separate when the synthesis mixture has reacted has, ie it no longer contains saponifiable chlorine from phosgene or chlorocarbonic acid esters.
- the disperser in process step (a) is followed by a flow tube. In such an arrangement, an extremely short dwell time of less than 0.5 s for the mixing carried out can be realized particularly advantageously.
- a pump-around reactor then follows.
- a tank reactor with a pumped circulation loop and a pumped circulation rate of 5 to 15 times, preferably 7.5 to 10 times the flow rate is preferably used as the pumped circulation reactor.
- the residence time of the reaction mixture in this reactor is preferably 2 to 20 minutes, particularly preferably 2 to 5 minutes.
- the pumped reactor is followed by further residence reactors.
- the residence time of the reaction mixture in the pumped-around reactor and the residence reactors is preferably 2 to 20 minutes each.
- the continuous process according to the invention in all of the above-described embodiments and preferences, characterized in that the at least one chain terminator in process step (b) at a time in the reaction system, comprising at least the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane, phosgene and the reaction product R from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane and phosgene is entered, in which the reaction product R is a mixture of compounds and these compounds have an average degree of polymerization of at least one unit and a maximum of six units, which from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane by reaction with the Phosgene were formed.
- the reaction system comprises at least the at least one diydroxydiarylalkane, phosgene and the reaction product R. It can also contain at least one catalyst at this time. However, this is not preferred.
- the reaction system preferably comprises, very particularly preferably, at least one diydroxydiarylalkane, phosgene, the reaction product R and the solvents necessary for carrying out the phase interface process. This is preferably an aqueous alkali lye and at least one organic solvent.
- the chain terminator is thus preferably introduced “early” into the reaction system.
- the time is thereby thereby defines that the reaction product R is a mixture of compounds, these compounds having on average a degree of polymerization of at least one unit and at most six units
- the term “degree of polymerization” is known to the person skilled in the art.
- the degree of polymerization preferably indicates the number of units in the oligomeric reaction product R which have arisen from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane as a result of the reaction with the phosgene.
- the indication of the degree of polymerization is an average value. This results because the degree of polymerization is preferably determined via the number-average molar mass M n .
- the quotient of M n of the oligomer / polymer and the molar mass of the repeating unit (the unit that has arisen from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane through the reaction with the phosgene; preferably the unit represented by the general chemical formula (I) gets formed.
- the number-averaged molar mass M n is preferably determined according to the invention by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This is particularly preferably determined using GPC in accordance with DIN 55672-1: 2016-03, calibrated against bisphenol A polycarbonate standards with dichloromethane as the eluent.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the molecular weights Mw (weight average), Mn (number average) and Mv (viscosity average) are very particularly preferably determined by gel permeation chromatography based on DIN 55672-1: 2007-08 using a BPA-polycarbonate calibration. The calibration was carried out using linear polycarbonates of known molar mass distribution (e.g. from PSS Polymer Standards Service GmbH, Germany).
- the method 2301-0257502-09D (from 2009 in German) from Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, Leverkusen, was used. Dichloromethane was used as the eluent.
- the column combination consisted of crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene resins.
- the GPC can comprise one or more commercially available GPC columns connected in series for size exclusion chromatography, which are selected so that sufficient separation of the molar masses of polymers, in particular of aromatic polycarbonates with weight-average molar masses Mw of 2,000 to 100,000 g / mol, is possible.
- the analytical columns have a diameter of 7.5 mm and a length of 300 mm.
- the particle sizes of the column material are in the range from 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the concentration of the solutions tested was 0.2% by weight.
- the flow rate was set to 1.0 ml / min, the temperature of the solution was 30 ° C.
- the detection took place with the help of a refractive index (RI) detector.
- the method according to the invention is preferably further characterized in that the compounds of the mixture of the reaction product R are represented by the general chemical formula (I):
- Ri and R 2 each independently of one another for H, CI- to C18-alkyl-, CI- to C18-alkoxy, halogen such as CI or Br or for each optionally substituted aryl- or aralkyl, preferably for H or CI to C12-alkyl, particularly are preferably H or C1- to C8-alkyl and very particularly preferably H or methyl,
- R 4 stands for OH or CI
- X for a single bond -SO 2 -, -CO-, -O-, -S-, CI- to C6-alkylene, C2- to C5- alkylidene or C5- to C6-cycloalkylidene, which with CI- to C6- Alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, can also be substituted, furthermore C6- to O2-arylene, which optionally can be fused with further aromatic rings containing heteroatoms, and
- n stands for the degree of polymerization and thus the number of units which have arisen from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane by the reaction with the phosgene and has an average value of 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 5, particularly preferably 1 to 4, very particularly can preferably have 1 to 3.
- the reaction product R can furthermore be partially saponified.
- the chlorine splits off at the chloroformate group and carbonate is formed.
- this side reaction is undesirable according to the invention.
- the reaction product R is a mixture comprising such a saponified product.
- the compounds of the mixture of the reaction product R are preferably represented by the general chemical formula (I) in Ri and R 2 each independently represent H or Cl to C12 alkyl, particularly preferably H or Cl to C8 alkyl and very particularly preferably H or methyl,
- R 4 stands for CI
- X stands for a single bond, C1- to C6-alkylene, C2- to C5-alkylidene or C5- to C6-cycloalkylidene, which can be substituted by methyl or ethyl, and n for the degree of polymerization and thus the number of units which from which at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane is formed by the reaction with the phosgene and can have an average value of 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 5, particularly preferably 1 to 4, very particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- the compounds of the mixture of the reaction product R are very particularly preferably represented by the general chemical formula (I) in which
- Ri and R 2 each independently represent H or methyl
- R 4 stands for OH
- X stands for isopropylidene or 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene
- n stands for the degree of polymerization and thus the number of units which have arisen from the at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane as a result of the reaction with the phosgene, and on average a value of 1 to 6 , preferably 1 to 5, particularly preferably 1 to 4, very particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- the at least one chain terminator is first mixed well before it can react.
- the at least one chain terminator is preferably distributed homogeneously. This can be done, for example, by the Use a static mixer after adding the at least one chain terminator before it reacts.
- the at least one chain terminator is fed to the reaction system as an organic phase and not as an aqueous phase.
- the process according to the invention enables good phase separation at the end of the reaction and both a low water content in the organic phase and a low residual monomer content in the aqueous phase. Furthermore, the incorporation of catalyst components into the product is avoided.
- the at least two-phase reaction mixture containing at most traces, preferably less than 2 ppm, of chlorocarbonic acid esters is allowed to settle for phase separation.
- the aqueous alkaline phase is optionally wholly or partially passed back into the polycarbonate synthesis as an aqueous phase or fed to the waste water treatment, where solvent and catalyst components are separated off and optionally recycled to the polycarbonate synthesis.
- the salt which z. B. can be fed to the chlor-alkali electrolysis, while the aqueous phase is optionally fed back to the polycarbonate synthesis.
- the organic phase containing the polycarbonate can then be purified in various ways known to the person skilled in the art to remove the alkaline, ionic or catalytic contaminants.
- the organic phase also contains after one or more settling processes, optionally supported by passes through settling kettles, stirred kettles, coalescers or separators or combinations of these measures - with water in each or some separation steps, possibly using active or passive mixing devices Can be metered in - still parts of the aqueous alkaline phase in fine droplets and the catalyst (s). After this coarse separation of the alkaline, aqueous phase, the organic phase can be washed one or more times with dilute acids, mineral, carboxylic, hydroxycarboxylic and / or sulphonic acids.
- Aqueous mineral acids in particular hydrochloric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphoric acid or mixtures of these acids, are preferred.
- the concentration of these acids should preferably be in the range from 0.001 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the organic phase can be washed repeatedly with deionized or distilled water.
- the organic phase, optionally dispersed with parts of the aqueous phase is separated off after the individual washing steps by means of settling kettles, stirred kettles, coalescers or separators or a combination of these measures, the washing water being metered in between the washing steps, optionally using active or passive mixing devices can.
- Acids preferably dissolved in the solvent on which the polymer solution is based, can optionally be added between these washing steps or also after washing. Preference is given here to using hydrogen chloride gas, phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid, which can optionally also be used as mixtures.
- the purified polycarbonate solution obtained in this way should preferably not contain more than 5% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 0.5% by weight, of water after the last separation process.
- the isolation of the poly carbonate from the solution can be done by evaporating the solvent by means of temperature, vacuum or a heated entrainment gas.
- Other isolation methods include crystallization and precipitation.
- Polycarbonate melts In the flash process, polymer solutions are repeatedly heated under slight excess pressure to temperatures above the boiling point under normal pressure and these, with respect to normal pressure, superheated solutions are then transferred to a vessel at lower pressure, e.g. Normal pressure, relaxed. It can be advantageous not to let the concentration levels or, in other words, the temperature levels of overheating become too high, but rather to choose a two- to four-stage process.
- the residues of the solvent can either be extracted directly from the melt using evaporation extruders (cf., for example, BE-A 866 991, EP-A 0 411 510, US-A 4 980 105, DE-A 33 32 065), Thin-film evaporators (see, for example, EP-A 0 267 025), falling film evaporators, strand evaporators, foam evaporators (for example US 2012/015763 A1) or by friction compaction (see, for example, EP-A 0 460 450), optionally with the addition of an entrainer such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide or using a vacuum (cf. e.g.
- Polycarbonate granulates can - if possible - be obtained by direct spinning off the melt and subsequent granulation or by using discharge extruders from which spinning is carried out in air or under liquid, usually water. If extruders are used, additives can be added to the polycarbonate melt upstream of the extruder, if appropriate using static mixers or through side extruders in this extruder.
- the polycarbonate solution can be subjected to spray evaporation.
- spraying the polycarbonate solution is either atomized into a vessel with negative pressure after heating, or by means of a nozzle with a heated carrier gas, Eg nitrogen, argon or steam are atomized into a vessel at normal pressure.
- powder (diluted) or flakes (concentrated) of the polymer are obtained, from which the last residues of the solvent may also have to be removed as above.
- Granules can then be obtained by means of a compounding extruder and subsequent spinning.
- additives as described above, can be added to the periphery or to the extruder itself. Often it may be necessary to go through a compaction step for the polymer powder prior to extrusion due to the low bulk density of the powder and flakes.
- the polymer can be largely precipitated from the washed and optionally concentrated polycarbonate solution by adding a nonsolvent for polycarbonate.
- the nonsolvents act as precipitants. It is advantageous here to add a small amount of the nonsolvent first and, if necessary, to insert waiting times between the batches of nonsolvent additions. It can also be advantageous to use different nonsolvents.
- Use as precipitants here are e.g. aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, in particular heptane, i-octane or cyclohexane, alcohols such as e.g. Methanol, ethanol or i-propanol, ketones, e.g. Acetone, or mixtures of these.
- the polymer solution is generally added slowly to the precipitant.
- the polycarbonates obtained in this way are processed into granules as described for spray evaporation and, if necessary, additives are added.
- precipitation and crystallization products or amorphously solidified products in fine-grained form are crystallized by passing over vapors of one or more nonsolvents for polycarbonate, with simultaneous heating below the glass transition temperature, and further condensed to higher molecular weights. If these are oligomers, possibly with different end groups (phenolic and chain terminating ends), one speaks of solid-phase condensation.
- additives serves to extend the service life or to improve the color stability (stabilizers), to simplify processing (e.g. demoulders, flow aids, antistatic agents) or to adapt the polymer properties to certain loads (impact modifiers, such as rubbers; flame retardants, colorants, glass fibers) .
- additives can be added to the polymer melt individually or in any desired mixtures, together or in several different mixtures. This can be done directly when isolating the polymer or after melting the granulate in a so-called Compounding step take place.
- the additives or mixtures thereof can be added to the polymer melt as a solid, preferably as a powder, or as a melt.
- Another type of dosing is the use of masterbatches or mixtures of masterbatches of the additives or additive mixtures.
- Suitable additives are described, for example, in “Additives for Plastics Handbook, John Murphy, Elsevier, Oxford 1999”, in “Plastics Additives Handbook, Hans Zweifel, Hanser, Kunststoff 2001”.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a use of an energy input of 2.5 * e 6 W / m 3 to 5.0 * e 7 W / m 3 , preferably 3.0 * e 6 W / m 3 to 4.0 * e 7 W / m 3 , particularly preferably from 1.0 * e 7 W / m 3 to 3.5 * e 7 W / m 3 in a system comprising an organic phase and an aqueous phase, the organic phase at least one for the polycarbonate suitable solvent and at least part of the phosgene and the aqueous phase contains at least at least one dihydroxydiarylalkane, water, 1.8 mol to 2.2 mol, preferably 1.95 mol to 2.05 alkali per mol of dihydroxydiarylalkane and optionally at least one chain terminator to reduce the phosgene excess in the production of a polycarbonate by the phase boundary process.
- this special energy input preferably also leads to a reduction in the proportion of oligomers in the resulting polycarbonate.
- this specific energy input preferably also leads to a reduction in the content of di-chain terminator carbonate in the resulting polycarbonate.
- the energy input takes place through a disperser.
- Suitable dispersants have already been described above. It is also preferred that the process for producing polycarbonate by the phase boundary process is carried out continuously. It has been found to be particularly advantageous that suitable dispersants can easily be built into existing systems and / or retrofitted. In the use according to the invention, it is further preferred that an excess of phosgene over the sum of the dihydroxydiarylalkanes used of 3 to 20 mol%, preferably 4 to 10 mol%, particularly preferably 5 to 9 mol%, is used.
- the following examples serve to illustrate the invention by way of example and are not to be interpreted as a restriction.
- Dashed line Difference between the two curves (solid and dotted line)
- the oligomer fraction results from the integral of the difference curve between 500-5000 g / mol
- Mn number average
- Mw weight average
- the GPC was initially normalized so that the area below the solid line in the diagram in FIG. 1 was obtained. This area was normalized to 1.
- a Schulz-Flory (SF) distribution was adapted in such a way that it corresponds to the measured distribution in terms of both height and molecular weight (dotted line in FIG. 1). The difference between the measured and adjusted SF distribution gives the difference distribution (dashed line in FIG. 1). In the present cases, the Schulz-Flory distribution is narrower, so that the difference distribution (apart from measurement inaccuracies) is positive. At the maximum, the difference is zero due to the method, so that the difference distribution breaks down into a low-molecular and a high-molecular part (see also FIG. 1).
- 2,2'-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane bisphenol A, BPA
- the solvent of the organic phase was a mixture of approx. 50% by weight methylene chloride and 50% by weight Monochlorobenzene.
- a polycarbonate with the specified weight-average molecular weight was produced, measured by GPC (Waters “Mixed Bed” columns in methylene chloride with BPA homopolycarbonate standard with an Mw of 31,000 g / mol).
- This BPA solution was dispersed in the phosgene solution using a stainless steel filter as a predisperser (pore size of 60 ⁇ m). A water-in-oil dispersion was obtained in all cases. The energy input given in Table 1 was then generated by a rotor pump.
- the reaction mixture was passed into a Link HMR040 mixing pump, which was heated to 25 ° C., so that phosgene had reacted as far as possible at the end of the reaction pump, but was still present.
- 3.29 g / h of p-tert-butylphenol were metered in as a chain terminator as a 3% strength by weight solution in the same solvent mixture as above in examples la, lc and ld, and this reaction mixture was in a further HMR040 pump at 25 ° C at 53.95 g / h. 32% strength by weight sodium hydroxide solution was allowed to react further, so that the pH value at the end of the reaction system was about 11.5.
- 3.29 g / h of p-tert-butylphenol as a chain terminator was added as a 3% strength by weight solution in the same solvent mixture as above.
- a total of 156 g of polycarbonate were continuously obtained in organic solution and passed together with the aqueous phase from the reaction to a phase separation vessel in order to separate them.
- the polycarbonate solution was washed with 10 wt% HCl and dried under normal pressure and room temperature.
- MnO molecular weight with addition of chain terminators
- Example la shows that a high energy input in process step (a) makes it possible to obtain a polycarbonate which has a low content of oligomers and di-chain terminator carbonate.
- the chain terminator was added later.
- Examples 1c and 1d according to the invention show that it is also possible to reduce the phosgene excess with a high energy input. At the same time, a polycarbonate is obtained with a good or even improved content of oligomers and di-chain terminator carbonate.
- NaOH is added before the chain terminator is added. However, the chain terminator was added so early that it is assumed that phosgene is still present in the reaction system.
- Predispersion (with a perforated diaphragm with 5 holes, each 2.5 mm in diameter, with a perforated disc thickness of
- Liquid is dispersed into the other
- Chain terminators in example 2b and comparative example 2c the chain terminator is added here; in example 2a nothing is present here
- NaOH solution NaOH solution
- Phase separation separation vessel (size 4.15 m 3 at a level of 50%).
- process steps (B) and (C) no further streams were used.
- process step (D) the following streams were also used upstream of the first residence reactor:
- process step (D) the following stream of material was also used in the second residence reactor:
- Examples 2a and 2b a phosgene excess of 19% was used.
- comparative example 2c a phosgene excess of 15% was used. Since the bisphenol solution of the comparative example has a different composition than that of the inventive examples, an adjustment of the phosgene excess was necessary. Nevertheless, it can be seen that the energy input disclosed in the examples of DE 10 2008 012 613 A1 gives a polycarbonate which has a relatively high proportion of oligomers. By increasing the energy input (Exa and 2b according to the invention), this proportion can be reduced while maintaining an acceptable di-chain terminator carbonate content. Due to the different energy inputs, in Examples 2a and 2b according to the invention there is a water-in-oil Dispersion in process step (a), while an oil-in-water dispersion was present in comparative example 2c.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080026735.5A CN113614147B (zh) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-30 | 具有减少的光气过量的制备聚碳酸酯的方法 |
| JP2021558548A JP7746162B2 (ja) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-30 | 低減されたホスゲン過剰量を用いるポリカーボネートの生成方法 |
| US17/439,889 US20220185955A1 (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-30 | Process for producing polycarbonate using a reduced phosgene excess |
| KR1020217031064A KR102836958B1 (ko) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-30 | 감소된 포스겐 과잉을 사용한 폴리카르보네이트의 제조 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19166946.4A EP3719052B1 (de) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat mit reduziertem phosgenüberschuss |
| EP19166946.4 | 2019-04-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020201180A1 true WO2020201180A1 (de) | 2020-10-08 |
Family
ID=66092008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/058894 Ceased WO2020201180A1 (de) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-30 | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat mit reduziertem phosgenüberschuss |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220185955A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3719052B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7746162B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102836958B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113614147B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020201180A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113929894B (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-01-30 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种耐高温聚碳酸酯共聚物及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2991273A (en) | 1956-07-07 | 1961-07-04 | Bayer Ag | Process for manufacture of vacuum moulded parts of high molecular weight thermoplastic polycarbonates |
| US2999846A (en) | 1956-11-30 | 1961-09-12 | Schnell Hermann | High molecular weight thermoplastic aromatic sulfoxy polycarbonates |
| US2999835A (en) | 1959-01-02 | 1961-09-12 | Gen Electric | Resinous mixture comprising organo-polysiloxane and polymer of a carbonate of a dihydric phenol, and products containing same |
| US3148172A (en) | 1956-07-19 | 1964-09-08 | Gen Electric | Polycarbonates of dihydroxyaryl ethers |
| US3271367A (en) | 1955-03-26 | 1966-09-06 | Bayer Ag | Thermoplastic polycarbonates of dihydroxydiarylene sulfones and their preparation |
| FR1561518A (de) | 1967-03-10 | 1969-03-28 | ||
| DE1570703A1 (de) | 1964-10-07 | 1970-02-12 | Gen Electric | Hydrolytisch stabile Polycarbonate sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE2036052A1 (en) | 1970-07-21 | 1972-01-27 | Milchwirtschafthche Forschungs und Untersuchungs Gesellschaft mbH, 2100 Hamburg | Working up of additives in fat and protein - contng foodstuffs |
| DE2053876A1 (de) | 1970-11-03 | 1972-05-10 | Buettner Schilde Haas Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trocknen von Kunststoffgranalien |
| DE2063050A1 (de) | 1970-12-22 | 1972-07-13 | Bayer | Verseifungsbeständige Polycarbonate |
| DE2211956A1 (de) | 1972-03-11 | 1973-10-25 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung verseifungsstabiler blockcopolycarbonate |
| US3986269A (en) | 1973-07-04 | 1976-10-19 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Drying plastics |
| DE2725967A1 (de) | 1976-06-09 | 1977-12-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonatoligomeren |
| BE866991A (fr) | 1977-05-14 | 1978-11-13 | Bayer Ag | Procede pour concentrer les solutions avec solidification simultanee |
| EP0003996A1 (de) | 1978-02-22 | 1979-09-19 | Montedison S.p.A. | Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Polycarbonaten aus deren Lösungen, und die so erhaltenen Polycarbonatpulver |
| US4423207A (en) | 1980-12-18 | 1983-12-27 | General Electric Company | Process for recovery of solid thermoplastic resins from solutions thereof in organic solvents |
| DE3332065A1 (de) | 1983-09-06 | 1985-03-21 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung von stabilisierter plycarbonat-formkoerper nach dem entgasungsspritzguss- oder dem entgasungsextrusionsverfahren |
| DE3429960A1 (de) | 1984-08-16 | 1986-02-27 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur isolierung von thermoplastischen polycarbonaten aus seinen loesungen |
| EP0256003A1 (de) | 1981-08-12 | 1988-02-24 | Dow Chemical Co | Verfahren zur umwandlung eines thermoplastischen polymers in spheroidal-agglomerierte granulate. |
| EP0267025A1 (de) | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-11 | ECP ENICHEM POLIMERI S.r.l. (abbreviated: ECP S.r.l.) | Dünnschichtverdampfer für hochviskose Flüssigkeiten |
| EP0289826A2 (de) | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-09 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten mit kontrolliertem Molekulargewicht |
| EP0304691A2 (de) | 1987-08-26 | 1989-03-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
| DE3832396A1 (de) | 1988-08-12 | 1990-02-15 | Bayer Ag | Dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von hochmolekularen polycarbonaten |
| US4980105A (en) | 1989-08-28 | 1990-12-25 | General Electric Company | Method for extruder devolatilization of spiro(bis)indane polycarbonates |
| US4982014A (en) | 1988-08-12 | 1991-01-01 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkanes, their production and their use for the production of high molecular weight polycarbonates |
| EP0408924A2 (de) | 1989-07-20 | 1991-01-23 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten mit kontrolliertem Molekulargewicht aus Bischloroformiaten |
| EP0411510A2 (de) | 1989-08-04 | 1991-02-06 | General Electric Company | Isolierung von Polymeren aus deren Lösung mit der Hilfe von einem Extruder |
| EP0460450A2 (de) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-12-11 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Thermoplasten durch Friktionskompaktierung |
| EP0517044A2 (de) | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-09 | Bayer Ag | Kontinuierliche Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| EP0640639A2 (de) | 1987-06-03 | 1995-03-01 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonat mit hoher Schlagzähigkeit |
| EP0520272B1 (de) | 1991-06-27 | 1995-08-09 | Bayer Ag | Kontinuierliche Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| EP1368407A1 (de) | 2001-02-22 | 2003-12-10 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Verbessertes verfahren zur herstellung von polyetherpolyolen |
| EP1599520A1 (de) | 2003-02-28 | 2005-11-30 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines zweikomponenten-lackgemischs |
| DE102008012613A1 (de) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-10 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat nach dem Phasengrenzflächenverfahren |
| EP2090605B1 (de) | 2008-02-13 | 2011-07-13 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| US20120015763A1 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2012-01-19 | Kazuhiko Isogawa | Golf ball |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0623243B2 (ja) * | 1988-04-29 | 1994-03-30 | 出光石油化学株式会社 | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JPH07165900A (ja) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-06-27 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | 熱安定性の良好なポリカーボネートの製造法 |
| JP3681181B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-17 | 2005-08-10 | 三井化学株式会社 | 芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JP3445062B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-29 | 2003-09-08 | 三菱化学株式会社 | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JP2000212269A (ja) | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-02 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | ポリカ―ボネ―ト樹脂及びそれを用いた光学情報記録媒体用基板、並びに光学情報記録媒体 |
| JP2007271913A (ja) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Nikon Corp | 電子機器 |
| WO2015110447A1 (de) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat nach dem phasengrenzflächenverfahren |
-
2019
- 2019-04-03 EP EP19166946.4A patent/EP3719052B1/de active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202080026735.5A patent/CN113614147B/zh active Active
- 2020-03-30 WO PCT/EP2020/058894 patent/WO2020201180A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-03-30 US US17/439,889 patent/US20220185955A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-03-30 KR KR1020217031064A patent/KR102836958B1/ko active Active
- 2020-03-30 JP JP2021558548A patent/JP7746162B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3271367A (en) | 1955-03-26 | 1966-09-06 | Bayer Ag | Thermoplastic polycarbonates of dihydroxydiarylene sulfones and their preparation |
| US2991273A (en) | 1956-07-07 | 1961-07-04 | Bayer Ag | Process for manufacture of vacuum moulded parts of high molecular weight thermoplastic polycarbonates |
| US3148172A (en) | 1956-07-19 | 1964-09-08 | Gen Electric | Polycarbonates of dihydroxyaryl ethers |
| US2999846A (en) | 1956-11-30 | 1961-09-12 | Schnell Hermann | High molecular weight thermoplastic aromatic sulfoxy polycarbonates |
| US2999835A (en) | 1959-01-02 | 1961-09-12 | Gen Electric | Resinous mixture comprising organo-polysiloxane and polymer of a carbonate of a dihydric phenol, and products containing same |
| DE1570703A1 (de) | 1964-10-07 | 1970-02-12 | Gen Electric | Hydrolytisch stabile Polycarbonate sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| FR1561518A (de) | 1967-03-10 | 1969-03-28 | ||
| DE2036052A1 (en) | 1970-07-21 | 1972-01-27 | Milchwirtschafthche Forschungs und Untersuchungs Gesellschaft mbH, 2100 Hamburg | Working up of additives in fat and protein - contng foodstuffs |
| DE2053876A1 (de) | 1970-11-03 | 1972-05-10 | Buettner Schilde Haas Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trocknen von Kunststoffgranalien |
| DE2063050A1 (de) | 1970-12-22 | 1972-07-13 | Bayer | Verseifungsbeständige Polycarbonate |
| DE2211956A1 (de) | 1972-03-11 | 1973-10-25 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung verseifungsstabiler blockcopolycarbonate |
| US3986269A (en) | 1973-07-04 | 1976-10-19 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Drying plastics |
| DE2725967A1 (de) | 1976-06-09 | 1977-12-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonatoligomeren |
| BE866991A (fr) | 1977-05-14 | 1978-11-13 | Bayer Ag | Procede pour concentrer les solutions avec solidification simultanee |
| EP0003996A1 (de) | 1978-02-22 | 1979-09-19 | Montedison S.p.A. | Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Polycarbonaten aus deren Lösungen, und die so erhaltenen Polycarbonatpulver |
| US4423207A (en) | 1980-12-18 | 1983-12-27 | General Electric Company | Process for recovery of solid thermoplastic resins from solutions thereof in organic solvents |
| EP0256003A1 (de) | 1981-08-12 | 1988-02-24 | Dow Chemical Co | Verfahren zur umwandlung eines thermoplastischen polymers in spheroidal-agglomerierte granulate. |
| DE3332065A1 (de) | 1983-09-06 | 1985-03-21 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung von stabilisierter plycarbonat-formkoerper nach dem entgasungsspritzguss- oder dem entgasungsextrusionsverfahren |
| DE3429960A1 (de) | 1984-08-16 | 1986-02-27 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur isolierung von thermoplastischen polycarbonaten aus seinen loesungen |
| EP0267025A1 (de) | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-11 | ECP ENICHEM POLIMERI S.r.l. (abbreviated: ECP S.r.l.) | Dünnschichtverdampfer für hochviskose Flüssigkeiten |
| EP0289826A2 (de) | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-09 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten mit kontrolliertem Molekulargewicht |
| EP0640639A2 (de) | 1987-06-03 | 1995-03-01 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonat mit hoher Schlagzähigkeit |
| EP0304691A2 (de) | 1987-08-26 | 1989-03-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
| DE3832396A1 (de) | 1988-08-12 | 1990-02-15 | Bayer Ag | Dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, ihre herstellung und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von hochmolekularen polycarbonaten |
| US4982014A (en) | 1988-08-12 | 1991-01-01 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkanes, their production and their use for the production of high molecular weight polycarbonates |
| EP0408924A2 (de) | 1989-07-20 | 1991-01-23 | General Electric Company | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten mit kontrolliertem Molekulargewicht aus Bischloroformiaten |
| EP0411510A2 (de) | 1989-08-04 | 1991-02-06 | General Electric Company | Isolierung von Polymeren aus deren Lösung mit der Hilfe von einem Extruder |
| US4980105A (en) | 1989-08-28 | 1990-12-25 | General Electric Company | Method for extruder devolatilization of spiro(bis)indane polycarbonates |
| EP0460450A2 (de) | 1990-06-02 | 1991-12-11 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Thermoplasten durch Friktionskompaktierung |
| EP0517044A2 (de) | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-09 | Bayer Ag | Kontinuierliche Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| EP0520272B1 (de) | 1991-06-27 | 1995-08-09 | Bayer Ag | Kontinuierliche Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| EP1368407A1 (de) | 2001-02-22 | 2003-12-10 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Verbessertes verfahren zur herstellung von polyetherpolyolen |
| EP1599520A1 (de) | 2003-02-28 | 2005-11-30 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines zweikomponenten-lackgemischs |
| US20120015763A1 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2012-01-19 | Kazuhiko Isogawa | Golf ball |
| EP2090605B1 (de) | 2008-02-13 | 2011-07-13 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten |
| DE102008012613A1 (de) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-10 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat nach dem Phasengrenzflächenverfahren |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102836958B1 (ko) | 2025-07-22 |
| JP2022526966A (ja) | 2022-05-27 |
| JP7746162B2 (ja) | 2025-09-30 |
| KR20210151796A (ko) | 2021-12-14 |
| EP3719052A1 (de) | 2020-10-07 |
| CN113614147B (zh) | 2025-02-14 |
| CN113614147A (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
| US20220185955A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
| EP3719052B1 (de) | 2022-03-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2096131B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat | |
| EP2098553B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat nach dem Phasengrenzflächenverfahren | |
| EP2435151B1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entgasen von lösungsmittelhaltigen polycarbonatlösungen | |
| DE102008008841A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten | |
| EP2090605B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonaten | |
| DE2410716A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung aromatischer polycarbonate nach dem phasengrenzflaechenverfahren in chlorbenzol als loesungsmittel | |
| DE69027518T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung aromatischer Polycarbonate | |
| EP3728392B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat | |
| EP3719052B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat mit reduziertem phosgenüberschuss | |
| EP2435150A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entgasen von lösungsmittelhaltigen polycarbonatlösungen | |
| EP3097135B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat nach dem phasengrenzflächenverfahren | |
| EP1831283B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonaten | |
| EP3719051B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von polycarbonat-zugabezeitpunkt des kettenabbrechers | |
| EP3728399B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines polycarbonats unter verwendung eines organischen lösungsmittels auf der grundlage von chlorkohlenwasserstoffen | |
| DE102004019294A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat | |
| WO2004035654A1 (de) | Verfahren zur abtrennung von restmonomeren und oligomeren aus polycarbonat | |
| EP3728398A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines polycarbonats unter verwendung eines organischen lösungsmittels auf der grundlage von chlorkohlenwasserstoffen |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20713667 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021558548 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20713667 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 202080026735.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1020217031064 Country of ref document: KR |



