WO2020196248A1 - 六フッ化タングステンの製造方法、その精製方法、および六フッ化タングステン - Google Patents
六フッ化タングステンの製造方法、その精製方法、および六フッ化タングステン Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020196248A1 WO2020196248A1 PCT/JP2020/012268 JP2020012268W WO2020196248A1 WO 2020196248 A1 WO2020196248 A1 WO 2020196248A1 JP 2020012268 W JP2020012268 W JP 2020012268W WO 2020196248 A1 WO2020196248 A1 WO 2020196248A1
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- C01G41/00—Compounds of tungsten
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- the present invention relates to a method for producing tungsten hexafluoride, a method for purifying the same, and tungsten hexafluoride.
- Tungsten is a metal with a high melting point and low electrical resistance, and is widely used as a material for various electronic materials in the form of a single metal or its VDD.
- Tungsten hexafluoride is usually produced by the reaction of tungsten metal (W) and fluorine gas (F 2 ), but in the produced tungsten hexafluoride derived from by-products and raw materials due to hydrolysis. Will contain hydrogen fluoride (HF).
- Patent Document 1 describes a means for continuously discharging an impurity gas component from a condenser in a state where tungsten hexafluoride is refluxed (Example of Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 As a result of the examination by the present inventor, the method for purifying tungsten hexafluoride described in Patent Document 1 has been improved in terms of achieving both high yield of tungsten hexafluoride and reduction of hydrogen fluoride concentration. It turned out that there was room.
- the following steps (1) or (2) are generally used as a method for producing tungsten hexafluoride by reacting tungsten with a fluorine element-containing compound gas such as fluorine gas or nitrogen trifluoride gas.
- a fluorine element-containing compound gas such as fluorine gas or nitrogen trifluoride gas.
- the mixture containing tungsten hexafluoride produced in (1) or (2) contains impurities such as hydrogen fluoride derived from by-products and raw materials produced by hydrolysis.
- the boiling point of tungsten hexafluoride is 17.1 ° C.
- the boiling point of hydrogen fluoride is 19.5 ° C. Therefore, it is known that it is difficult to selectively remove low boiling impurities such as hydrogen fluoride, which is close to the boiling point of tungsten hexafluoride.
- Patent Document 1 when the hydrogen fluoride concentration is reduced until the tungsten hexafluoride has the desired high purity by performing continuous discharge using a distillation apparatus, the tungsten hexafluoride is distilled off. It has been found that the amount increases and the yield drops significantly. For example, in Example 1 of Patent Document 1, when tungsten hexafluoride having a hydrogen fluoride concentration of 0.12 ppm was obtained, the yield of tungsten hexafluoride was 85.7%. That is, it was found that lowering the concentration of hydrogen fluoride and increasing the yield of tungsten hexafluoride show a trade-off relationship.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing tungsten hexafluoride and a method for purifying tungsten hexafluoride, which can obtain high-purity tungsten hexafluoride in a high yield while reducing the concentration of hydrogen fluoride. ..
- the present inventor conducted a further diligent study, and found that tungsten hexafluoride in which the impurity gas containing hydrogen fluoride was concentrated was placed in the distillation tower in a state where the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation tower was completely refluxed.
- the discharge operation of purging the tungsten hexafluoride, which is obtained in the gas phase and enriched with impurities containing hydrogen fluoride, from the upper part of the condenser twice or more the total purge amount can be reduced.
- the yield of tungsten hexafluoride can be increased while reducing the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in tungsten fluoride, and have completed the present invention.
- the "discharge operation” is defined as a series of operations consisting of the following “reservoir operation” and the subsequent “purge operation” at the time of the distillation, the "discharge operation” is repeated.
- a method for producing tungsten hexafluoride is provided, which comprises a “discharging step” for obtaining tungsten hexafluoride.
- a mixture containing impurities containing hydrogen fluoride and tungsten hexafluoride is distilled, and at the time of the distillation, a discharge operation in which the above-mentioned storage operation and purge operation are alternately performed is performed at least twice.
- a method for purifying tungsten hexafluoride is provided, which comprises a discharge step of obtaining tungsten oxide.
- Tungsten hexafluoride containing hydrogen fluoride Tungsten hexafluoride having a hydrogen fluoride content of 100 mass ppm or less in the entire tungsten hexafluoride is provided.
- a method for producing tungsten hexafluoride and a method for purifying tungsten hexafluoride, which obtain tungsten hexafluoride in high yield while reducing the concentration of hydrogen fluoride, and six obtained by using these. Tungsten hexafluoride is provided.
- the outline of the method for producing tungsten hexafluoride of the present embodiment will be described.
- the method for producing tungsten hexafluoride of the present embodiment is a reaction step of reacting tungsten with a fluorine element-containing compound gas to obtain a mixture containing tungsten hexafluoride and an impurity containing hydrogen fluoride, and distilling the mixture.
- the discharge step of obtaining tungsten hexafluoride by performing the discharge operation of alternately performing the storage operation and the purge operation shown below at least twice is included.
- the formula (1) or in a mixture comprising a chemical reaction tungsten hexafluoride produced by equation (2), derived from the raw material (fluorine element-containing compound gas 2 such as F) of the reaction Hydrogen fluoride usually remains. Further, when the fluorine element-containing compound gas itself is hydrolyzed by water, a small amount of hydrogen fluoride is generated.
- the origin of hydrogen fluoride contained in the crude tungsten hexafluoride as a raw material for distillation is merely an example and is not particularly limited.
- the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the crude tungsten hexafluoride of the distillation raw material is not particularly limited, but it is usually 6% by mass or less based on the total mass of the crude tungsten hexafluoride of the distillation raw material including impurities. It is good, more preferably 1% by mass or less. It is preferable to use these distillation raw materials in which hydrogen fluoride is less than a predetermined amount because the purge amount in the distillation step is relatively small and the load of the distillation operation can be further reduced.
- the "purge amount” refers to the total amount of gas purged outside the system, such as tungsten hexafluoride or hydrogen fluoride, in the "discharge step" during the distillation step.
- the mixture containing tungsten hexafluoride in which impurities containing hydrogen fluoride are concentrated is produced in the gas phase portion in the distillation tower.
- the hydrogen fluoride contained in the tungsten hexafluoride also referred to as crude hexafluoride tungsten
- the total value of the purge amount can be 5% by mass or less of the amount charged, and the amount of hydrogen fluoride contained in the crude tungsten hexafluoride is
- the purge amount can be 1% by mass or less with respect to the amount of crude tungsten hexafluoride charged. Therefore, the yield of tungsten hexafluoride can be increased while reducing the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in tungsten hexafluoride. As a result, high-purity tungsten hexafluoride can be purified and produced in high yield.
- the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot by vaporizing the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot and collecting it in a liquid state in the receiver, the high CrF 5 , SbF 5 , NbF 5 , TaF 5, etc.
- Boiling impurities reaction products of impurities that may be mixed in the raw material tungsten and fluorine element-containing compounds, which have a boiling point of 200 ° C. or lower and a boiling point relatively higher than the boiling point of hydrogen fluoride.
- the tungsten hexafluoride in the receiver may be filled in the storage container from the receiver in a liquid state.
- Tungsten hexafluoride in the receiver may be vaporized and collected in a liquid state in a storage container.
- the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot may be vaporized and collected directly in the storage container in a liquid state. As a result, even higher purity tungsten hexafluoride can be realized.
- a mixture containing an impurity containing hydrogen fluoride and tungsten hexafluoride is distilled, and at the time of the distillation, the accumulation operation and the purge operation shown above are alternately performed. It includes a discharge step of obtaining tungsten hexafluoride by performing the discharge operation at least twice. It is possible to reduce the content of low boiling impurities such as hydrogen fluoride in tungsten hexafluoride.
- tungsten hexafluoride According to the method for purifying tungsten hexafluoride of the present embodiment, it is used as a CVD raw material gas for producing a high-purity tungsten powder useful for a sputtering target or a conductive paste material, or as a CVD raw material gas for semiconductor production.
- Tungsten hexafluoride can be provided.
- tungsten hexafluoride is used as a CVD raw material gas for semiconductor manufacturing, it is possible to suppress the inclusion of impurities in the film formed by CVD. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of adverse effects on the device due to the diffusion of impurities and the like. Therefore, by using the tungsten hexafluoride obtained by the production method of the present embodiment, a device having excellent reliability can be realized.
- the method for producing tungsten hexafluoride of the present embodiment can include a reaction step (S100), a purification step (S110), and if necessary, a filling step (S120).
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the flow of each step (S100 to S120).
- the method for producing tungsten hexafluoride of the present embodiment is not limited to the above steps, and may be a combination of one or more known operations such as purification, collection, deaeration, and liquid transfer, if necessary. Good. Any one or more of these operations may be performed a plurality of times. The order of execution of each operation can be appropriately selected.
- reaction step (S100) tungsten and a fluorine element-containing compound gas can be reacted to obtain a mixture containing an impurity containing hydrogen fluoride and tungsten hexafluoride.
- This impurity is composed of components other than tungsten hexafluoride.
- the above-mentioned reaction formula (1) or (2) can be adopted.
- the reaction formula (1) for reacting a tungsten metal with a fluorine gas can be used from the viewpoint of production stability.
- impurities derived from the raw material tungsten metal in addition to the tungsten hexafluoride compound, impurities derived from the raw material tungsten metal, impurities derived from fluorine gas, or impurities mixed in during the production process are contained. included.
- impurities in addition to low boiling impurities such as hydrogen fluoride, high boiling impurities such as CrF 5, SbF 5 , NbF 5 , and TaF 5 may be contained.
- the tungsten hexafluoride mixture may be collected in a collection container, and the collection container may be degassed.
- gaseous tungsten hexafluoride can be collected and solidified in a collection container cooled to about ⁇ 50 ° C.
- the gas layer on the upper part of the collection container is removed by a vacuum pump.
- the inside of the collection container may be replaced with an inert gas such as helium and degassed.
- the tungsten hexafluoride mixture may be heated to, for example, about 10 ° C. to be liquefied and collected.
- the next purification step (S110) is a distillation step of distilling and purifying the tungsten hexafluoride mixture.
- the tungsten hexafluoride mixture obtained in the above collection step may be distilled and purified.
- distillation method a known distillation means can be used, and for example, any one of batch distillation and continuous distillation is used.
- This distillation means can be used in combination with any one of atmospheric pressure distillation, vacuum distillation (vacuum distillation) and pressure distillation.
- the distillation apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes a distillation pot 110, a distillation column 120, a condenser 130, and a receiver 150.
- the distillation pot 110, the distillation column 120 and the condenser 130 are connected to each other. Further, the distillation pot 110 and the receiver 150 (receiver) are connected.
- the tungsten hexafluoride mixture (liquid) is transferred from the collection container to the distillation pot 110.
- the liquid may be transferred from a product tank different from the collection container to the distillation pot 110.
- the distillation pot 110 heats the introduced tungsten hexafluoride mixture (liquid).
- the heating temperature of the distillation vessel 110 can be adjusted to, for example, about 20 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the heated tungsten hexafluoride (gas) moves to the distillation column 120.
- the distillation column 120 may be a filling type in which a filling material is put inside, or a shelf type in which a plurality of shelf boards are provided.
- the filling material contained in the distillation column 120 is not particularly limited as long as it is a known regular filling material or irregular filling material.
- the filler may be made of metal, ceramic, or plastic, preferably made of corrosion-resistant metal, and more preferably made of nickel or SUS from the viewpoint of low cost and ease of handling. This makes it possible to suppress the mixing of metal impurities in the distillation process.
- irregular fillings such as packing type, ring type and ball type may be used.
- the distillation tower 120 containing the filling moves the tungsten hexafluoride (gas) moved from the distillation pot 110 to the condenser 130, and the tungsten hexafluoride (liquid) recirculated from the condenser 130 and the surface of the filling. Make gas-liquid contact above.
- the condenser 130 is connected to the top of the distillation column 120.
- the condenser 130 cools the tungsten hexafluoride (gas) that has passed through the distillation column 120, and transfers the cooled tungsten hexafluoride (liquid) from the lower part of the condenser 130 via a reflux line to the column of the distillation column 120. Return to the inside (reflux).
- the above recirculation conditions can be appropriately controlled by, for example, adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the condenser 130, the refrigerant temperature at the inlet and outlet, the temperature inside the column, the heat medium flow rate of the distillation vessel, and the like.
- the internal temperature of the condenser 130 may be set to an appropriate temperature according to the internal pressure in the condenser 130, for example, 5 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 8 ° C to 70 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 50. °C. If the internal pressure is high, the internal temperature may be set high. As a result, gaseous hydrogen fluoride can be selectively stored in the upper part of the condenser 130.
- the discharge step of performing the discharge operation of alternately performing the storage operation and the purge operation shown in (1) at least twice is carried out.
- the production method of the present embodiment can efficiently remove hydrogen fluoride by having such an operation of total reflux (reservoir operation), purge and purge stop (purge operation), and the loss rate of tungsten hexafluoride. Can be reduced.
- the hydrogen fluoride concentration in the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot decreases due to the purging, and the hydrogen fluoride is purged in a state where the gas phase part is not sufficiently concentrated. Therefore, the loss rate of tungsten hexafluoride increases. Therefore, the tungsten hexafluoride enriched with hydrogen fluoride can be purged by stopping the purging and maintaining the total reflux state until hydrogen fluoride is concentrated in the gas phase.
- the discharge operation may include additional operations other than the accumulation operation and the purge operation, or may not include the additional operation, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Further, the discharge step may include another operation between the first and second repeated discharge operations, or includes other operations, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. It does not have to be.
- the above discharge operation can be repeated so as to obtain tungsten hexafluoride that satisfies the following conditions.
- Conditions There is no particular limitation on the upper limit of the content of hydrogen fluoride in tungsten hexafluoride after the discharge step, but it is usually 100 mass ppm or less on a mass basis with respect to the entire tungsten hexafluoride, which is preferable. Is 10 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1 ppm or less, and further preferably 0.1 mass ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the fluorinated content is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1 mass ppb or more on a mass basis.
- the content of hydrogen fluoride is reduced, and high-purity tungsten hexafluoride having excellent production stability of the product can be realized.
- tungsten hexafluoride satisfying such conditions can be obtained.
- the nth discharge operation (n ⁇ 2) the purge amount of the first purge operation is V1
- the purge amount of the second purge operation is V2 ...
- the nth purge amount is Vn
- the total value ( ⁇ V) of this purge amount is the “content of hydrogen fluoride in the crude tungsten hexafluoride charged in the distillation pot” a, and the “content of hydrogen fluoride remaining in the tungsten hexafluoride after the discharge step”.
- the content of hydrogen fluoride in the crude hexafluoride tungsten charged in the distillation pot is 0.1 to 5% by mass with respect to the total mass of the crude hexafluoride tungsten, and is discharged.
- ⁇ V is the amount of crude tungsten hexafluoride charged.
- n may be an integer of 2 or more from the viewpoint of reducing the hydrogen fluoride concentration, and may be 3 or more, 5 or more or 10 or more, and the lower limit of n is, for example, from the viewpoint of productivity in the manufacturing process. , 50 or less, 30 or less, 20 or less.
- the storage tank is heated above the boiling point of tungsten hexafluoride, and the condenser is heated to six feet.
- the distillation operation is started by cooling below the boiling point of tungsten oxide.
- the total reflux state means a state in which purging to the outside of the system is not performed and the return from the reflux line is a constant flow rate.
- the time of the reservoir operation can be set according to the content of hydrogen fluoride in the tungsten hexafluoride.
- the purge amount can be appropriately controlled according to the content ratio of hydrogen fluoride contained, so that the loss rate can be further reduced.
- the purged gas is discharged to the outside of the distillation apparatus 100 via the exhaust gas pump 160.
- the purity of tungsten hexafluoride is, for example, 99.99% or more, preferably 99.999% or more, and more preferably 99.99999% or more in terms of mass with respect to the whole. Can be done.
- the loss rate can be, for example, 5% or less, preferably 3% or less, and more preferably 1% or less in terms of mass with respect to 100% of the charged amount.
- the reflux is stopped.
- the tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot 110 is collected in the receiver 150 (reception tank). Tungsten hexafluoride remaining in the condenser 130 and the distillation column 120 is discharged to the outside of the system by the exhaust gas pump 160. In order to improve the yield of tungsten hexafluoride, the tungsten hexafluoride remaining in the condenser 130 and the distillation column 120 may be mixed with the next distillation operation.
- the gas component content of the purged portion and the recovered tungsten hexafluoride can be measured by, for example, a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer.
- step S160 after the distillation step (step S150), the recovered tungsten hexafluoride is vaporized and filled in a storage container.
- high boiling impurities such as CrF 5, SbF 5 , NbF 5 , and TaF 5 can be left in the distillation pot 110, so that the content of high boiling impurities in the storage container to be filled can be reduced.
- high-purity tungsten hexafluoride can be realized.
- the storage container of the present embodiment is filled with tungsten hexafluoride obtained by the above purification method. Tungsten hexafluoride in the storage container can be stored as a liquid. As a result, storability and transportability can be improved.
- the storage container can be provided with a metal container having an internal space, an entrance / exit of tungsten hexafluoride provided in the metal container, and a valve provided at the entrance / exit. Tungsten hexafluoride introduced from the doorway is stored in the internal space inside the metal container. Thereby, the handleability of tungsten hexafluoride can be improved.
- At least the inside (inner wall in contact with tungsten hexafluoride) of the metal container of the storage container is made of corrosion-resistant metal.
- the corrosion resistant metal include nickel, nickel-based alloy, stainless steel (SUS), manganese steel, aluminum, aluminum-based alloy, titanium, titanium-based alloy, platinum and the like.
- the metal container is more preferably made of nickel such as nickel and nickel-based alloy or made of SUS. This makes it possible to store and transport tungsten hexafluoride while maintaining high purity.
- Example 1 Fluorine gas was reacted with a tungsten metal to obtain a mixture containing an impurity containing hydrogen fluoride and tungsten hexafluoride.
- the obtained mixture was transferred to a distillation pot 110 of a distillation facility (distillation apparatus 100) shown in FIG. 2 equipped with a distillation column 120 having a column diameter of 40 A and a length of 1200 mm.
- a distillation pot 110 As the filling of the distillation column 120, a stainless steel Raschig ring having a diameter of 6 mm ⁇ 6 mm was used, and a distillation pot 110 was installed at the bottom of the column and a condenser 130 was installed at the top of the column.
- a gas purge was installed at the top of the condenser 130 and a reflux line was installed at the bottom of the condenser 130.
- a gas purge line is provided from the upper part of the condenser 130 while returning the entire amount of tungsten hexafluoride (reflux liquid) from the lower part of the condenser 130 to the inside of the distillation column 120 via the reflux line. It has a structure for removing low boiling impurities in the gas phase.
- distillation purification is performed based on the following (distillation conditions), and the discharge operation of purging the following purge amount immediately after the elapse of the following total reflux time is performed by the following purge. I went a few times.
- the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the liquid in the collector before distillation was 73.82 mass ppm, whereas the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the liquid in the distillation pot after distillation was 0.09 mass ppm.
- the loss rate of tungsten hexafluoride after distillation was 0.35% by mass (yield: 99.65% by mass).
- Example 2 The tungsten hexafluoride in the distillation pot 110 obtained in Example 1 was vaporized, filled in another tank (receiver 150), and recovered. The tungsten hexafluoride recovered in the receiver 150 did not contain high boiling impurities. It is probable that the high boiling impurities were left in the distillation pot 110.
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Abstract
Description
W+3F2 → WF6 ・・・(1)
W+2NF3 → WF6+N2 ・・・(2)
通常、(1)または(2)で製造される六フッ化タングステンを含む混合物中には、加水分解による副生物や原料に由来して、フッ化水素等の不純物が含まれている。
タングステンとフッ素元素含有化合物ガスとを反応させて、六フッ化タングステンとフッ化水素を含む不純物とを含む混合物を得る反応工程と、
前記混合物を蒸留し、当該蒸留時において、「排出操作」を、下記「溜め操作」とその後に行う「パージ操作」とからなる一連の操作と定義したとき、該「排出操作」を繰り返し行うことで、六フッ化タングステンを得る「排出工程」と、を含む、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法が提供される。
(操作)
溜め操作:蒸留塔内を全還流状態とした上で、前記フッ化水素が濃縮された混合物ガスを蒸留塔内の気相部に得る。
パージ操作:前記気相部に設けた凝縮器の上部から前記混合物ガスをパージし、その後、パージを停止する。
フッ化水素を含む不純物と六フッ化タングステンとを含む混合物を蒸留し、当該蒸留時において、上記に示す溜め操作とパージ操作とを交互に行う排出操作を少なくとも2回以上行うことで、六フッ化タングステンを得る排出工程と、を含む、六フッ化タングステンの精製方法が提供される。
フッ化水素を含む六フッ化タングステンであって、
前記フッ化水素の含有量が、当該六フッ化タングステン全体中、100質量ppm以下である、六フッ化タングステンが提供される。
本実施形態の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法は、タングステンとフッ素元素含有化合物ガスとを反応させて、六フッ化タングステンとフッ化水素を含む不純物とを含む混合物を得る反応工程と、混合物を蒸留し、当該蒸留時において、下記に示す溜め操作とパージ操作とを交互に行う排出操作を少なくとも2回以上行うことで、六フッ化タングステンを得る排出工程と、を含むものである。
(操作)
・溜め操作:蒸留塔内を全還流状態とした上で、フッ化水素が濃縮された混合物ガスを蒸留塔内の気相部に得る。
・パージ操作:凝縮器の上部から混合物ガスをパージし、その後、パージを停止する。
本発明において、蒸留原料の粗六フッ化タングステン中に含まれるフッ化水素の由来について、前記は例示であって、特に限定されるものではない。蒸留原料の粗六フッ化タングステン中のフッ化水素濃度についても特に制限はないが、当該蒸留原料の粗六フッ化タングステンの、不純物を含む質量全体に対して通常6質量%以下とするのが良く、さらに好ましくは、1質量%以下である。これらの、フッ化水素が所定量以下の蒸留原料を用いると、蒸留工程におけるパージ量が相対的に少なくなるので、より蒸留操作の負荷が軽減できるので好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、「パージ量」とは、当該蒸留工程中の「排出工程」において、六フッ化タングステンまたはフッ化水素など、系外にパージされるガスの総量を指す。
このため、六フッ化タングステン中のフッ化水素濃度を低減しつつも、六フッ化タングステンの収率を高められることができる。これにより、収率よく、高純度の六フッ化タングステンを精製・製造することができる。
したがって、本実施形態の製造方法で得られた六フッ化タングステンを使用することにより、信頼性に優れたデバイスを実現できる。
図2に示す蒸留装置100は、蒸留釜110、蒸留塔120、凝縮器130、および受器150を備える。蒸留釜110、蒸留塔120および凝縮器130は、互いに接続される。また、蒸留釜110と受器150(受槽)とが接続されている。
・溜め操作:蒸留塔120内を全還流状態とした上で、フッ化水素が濃縮された混合物ガスを蒸留塔120内の気相部に得る。
・パージ操作:凝縮器130の上部からフッ化水素を含む不純物が濃縮された混合物ガスをパージした後、そのパージを停止する。
連続的に気相部をパージする場合、パージによって蒸留釜内の六フッ化タングステン中のフッ化水素濃度が低下することに伴い、気相部にフッ化水素が十分に濃縮されない状態でパージされるため、六フッ化タングステンのロス率が増加してしまう。そこで、パージを停止し、気相中にフッ化水素が濃縮されるまで、全還流状態を保持することにより、フッ化水素が濃縮された六フッ化タングステンをパージすることができる。したがって、溜め操作とパージ操作を繰り返すことにより、連続排出の場合と比べて、効率的にフッ化水素を除去できるため、全体のパージ量を低減し、六フッ化タングステンのロス率を低減することが可能となる。
また、上記排出工程には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において、繰り返しの第1回目と第2回目の排出操作の間に他の操作が含まれていてもよく、または他の操作が含まれていなくてもよい。
(条件)
条件:排出工程後の六フッ化タングステン中におけるフッ化水素の含有量の上限値に特別な制限はないが、六フッ化タングステン全体に対して、質量基準で通常100質量ppm以下であり、好ましくは10質量ppm以下であり、より好ましくは質量1ppm以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.1質量ppm以下である。当該フッ化の含有量の下限値は、特に限定されないが、例えば、質量基準で0.1質量ppb以上としてもよい。このようにフッ化水素の含有量が低減されており、製品の製造安定性に優れた高純度の六フッ化タングステンを実現できる。上記排出操作を繰り返し行うことで、このような条件を満たす六フッ化タングステンが得られる。
このパージ量の合計値(ΔV)は、「蒸留釜に仕込む粗六フッ化タングステン中のフッ化水素の含量」をa、「排出工程後の六フッ化タングステン中に残存するフッ化水素の含有量」をb、「蒸留工程を通じた六フッ化タングステンのロス量(後述)」をcとしたとき、「a-b+c」と定まる。
好ましい態様の例を挙げると、蒸留釜に仕込む粗六フッ化タングステン中のフッ化水素の含量が、粗六フッ化タングステンの質量全体に対して0.1~5質量%であり、かつ、排出工程後の六フッ化タングステン中におけるフッ化水素の含有量が、六フッ化タングステン全体に対して、100質量ppm以下となるような実施態様の場合、ΔVは、粗六フッ化タングステンの仕込み量100質量%に対して、例えば、0.1質量%以上5質量%以下とすることができ、好ましくは0.3質量%以上3質量%以下、より好ましくは0.5質量%以上1.0質量%以下である。
nの下限は、フッ化水素濃度の低減の観点から、2以上の整数であればよく、3以上、5以上、10以上でもよく、nの下限は、製造工程における生産性の観点から、例えば、50以下でもよく、30以下でもよく、20以下でもよい。
蒸留塔底部に貯槽があり、蒸留塔頂部に凝縮器にあり、凝縮器下部から還流ラインが設置されている蒸留装置において、貯槽を六フッ化タングステンの沸点以上に加熱し、凝縮器を六フッ化タングステンの沸点以下まで冷却することで、蒸留操作が開始される。全還流状態とは、系外へのパージが行われておらず、還流ラインからの戻りが一定流量となっている状態を示す。凝縮器出口部分の気相成分中のフッ化水素濃度が一時間以上変化しない場合、パージ操作の開始可能時期とすることが好ましい。1回当りのパージ量については、凝縮器の空塔容積の3倍以上を最小パージ量とすることが好ましい。
本実施形態によれば、ロス率は、仕込み量100%に対して、例えば、質量換算で5%以下、好ましくは3%以下、より好ましくは1%以下とすることができる。
凝縮器130および蒸留塔120中に残留する六フッ化タングステンは、排ガスポンプ160により系外に排出する。六フッ化タングステンの収率を向上させるため、凝縮器130および蒸留塔120中に残留する六フッ化タングステンを次回蒸留操作分と混合してもよい。
フッ素ガスとタングステン金属とを反応させて、フッ化水素を含む不純物と六フッ化タングステンとを含む混合物を得た。得られた混合物を、塔径40A、長さ1200mmの蒸留塔120を具備した図2に示す蒸留設備(蒸留装置100)の蒸留釜110に移液した。
ここで、蒸留塔120の充填物はφ6mm×6mmのステンレス製ラシヒリングを用い、塔底に蒸留釜110、塔頂に凝縮器130を設置した。凝縮器130の頂部にガスパージを設置し、凝縮器130の下部に還流ラインを設置した。図2の蒸留装置100は、凝縮器130の下部から還流ラインを介して、六フッ化タングステンの全量(還流液)を蒸留塔120の塔内に戻しつつ、凝縮器130の上部からガスパージラインを介して、気相中の低沸不純物を除去する構造を備える。
続いて、上記の蒸留装置100を用いて、以下に示す(蒸留条件)に基づいて蒸留精製を行い、下記の全還流時間の経過直後に下記のパージ量をパージする排出操作を、下記のパージ回数行った。
・蒸留釜110の内温:20℃
・凝縮器130の内温:10℃
・全還流時間:パージ1~6回目:15min、パージ7~16回目:20min
・パージ回数:16回(ガスパージラインのバルブの開閉回数)
・合計パージ量:仕込み量100質量%に対して、0.35質量%
なお、六フッ化タングステン(WF6)の沸点:17.1℃、フッ化水素(HF)の沸点:19.5℃である。
実施例1で得られた蒸留釜110の六フッ化タングステンを気化させて、別のタンク(受器150)に充填し、回収した。受器150中に回収された六フッ化タングステン中には、高沸不純物が含まれていなかった。高沸不純物は蒸留釜110に釜残したものと考えられる。
110 蒸留釜
120 蒸留塔
130 凝縮器
150 受器
160 排ガスポンプ
Claims (13)
- タングステンとフッ素元素含有化合物ガスとを反応させて、六フッ化タングステンとフッ化水素を含む不純物とを含む混合物を得る反応工程と、
前記混合物を蒸留し、当該蒸留時において、下記に示す溜め操作とパージ操作とを交互に行う排出操作を少なくとも2回以上行うことで、六フッ化タングステンを得る排出工程と、を含む、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。
(操作)
溜め操作:蒸留塔内を全還流状態とした上で、前記フッ化水素が濃縮された混合物ガスを前記蒸留塔内の気相部に得る。
パージ操作:前記気相部に設けた凝縮器の上部から前記混合物ガスをパージし、その後、パージを停止する。 - 請求項1に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記排出工程は、下記の条件を満たす六フッ化タングステンを得るように前記排出操作を繰り返し行う、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。
(条件)
六フッ化タングステン中におけるフッ化水素の含有量が100質量ppm以下である。 - 請求項1または2に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記排出操作を繰り返し行った後の、前記パージ操作におけるパージ量の合計値は、前記排出工程への前記六フッ化タングステンの仕込み量100質量%に対して、0.1質量%以上5質量%以下である、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記凝縮器の内部温度が5℃以上100℃以下である、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記排出工程で得られた前記六フッ化タングステンを気化させて、保管容器に充填する充填工程を含む、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
蒸留前後における前記六フッ化タングステンのロス率が、仕込み量100%に対して、質量換算で5%以下である、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記排出工程後における六フッ化タングステンが、CrF5、SbF5、NbF5、及びTaF5からなる群から選ばれる一または二以上の高沸不純物を含まない、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記蒸留は、蒸留塔を備える蒸留装置を使用して行うものである、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の六フッ化タングステンの製造方法であって、
前記排出工程後における六フッ化タングステンはCVD原料ガスとして使用するものである、六フッ化タングステンの製造方法。 - フッ化水素を含む不純物と六フッ化タングステンとを含む混合物を蒸留し、当該蒸留時において、下記に示す溜め操作とパージ操作とを交互に行う排出操作を少なくとも2回以上行うことで、六フッ化タングステンを得る排出工程と、を含む、六フッ化タングステンの精製方法。
(操作)
溜め操作:蒸留塔内を全還流状態とした上で、前記フッ化水素が濃縮された混合物ガスを蒸留塔内の気相部に得る。
パージ操作:前記気相部に設けた凝縮器の上部から前記混合物ガスをパージし、その後、パージを停止する。 - 請求項10に記載の六フッ化タングステンの精製方法であって、
前記排出工程は、下記の条件を満たす六フッ化タングステンを得るように前記排出操作を繰り返し行う、六フッ化タングステンの精製方法。
(条件)
六フッ化タングステン中におけるフッ化水素の含有量が100質量ppm以下である。 - 請求項10または11に記載の六フッ化タングステンの精製方法であって、
前記排出工程で得られた前記六フッ化タングステンを気化させて、保管容器に充填する充填工程を含む、六フッ化タングステンの精製方法。 - フッ化水素を含む六フッ化タングステンであって、
前記フッ化水素の含有量が、当該六フッ化タングステン全体中、100質量ppm以下である、六フッ化タングステン。
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| JP2003238161A (ja) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-27 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 六フッ化タングステンの精製法 |
| CN101070190A (zh) * | 2007-06-16 | 2007-11-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 | 六氟化钨气体的纯化方法 |
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