WO2020192361A1 - 一种多重密封高速电磁阀 - Google Patents

一种多重密封高速电磁阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192361A1
WO2020192361A1 PCT/CN2020/077330 CN2020077330W WO2020192361A1 WO 2020192361 A1 WO2020192361 A1 WO 2020192361A1 CN 2020077330 W CN2020077330 W CN 2020077330W WO 2020192361 A1 WO2020192361 A1 WO 2020192361A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve body
valve
insert block
oil
cavity
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PCT/CN2020/077330
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴学舜
张洪川
房中鑫
李均同
杜德峰
李锦会
韩志强
田维
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西华大学
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Application filed by 西华大学 filed Critical 西华大学
Priority to KR1020217033736A priority Critical patent/KR102388299B1/ko
Publication of WO2020192361A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192361A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of solenoid valves, in particular to a two-position two-way direct-acting valve with high response speed and a multiple-sealed high-speed solenoid valve.
  • Electromagnetic valve is an industrial equipment controlled by electromagnetic. It is an automatic basic component used to control fluid. It belongs to actuators and is not limited to hydraulic and pneumatic. It is used in industrial control systems to adjust the direction, flow, speed and Other parameters.
  • the solenoid valve can cooperate with different circuits to achieve the desired control, and the accuracy and flexibility of the control can be guaranteed.
  • solenoid valves There are many types of solenoid valves. Different solenoid valves play a role in different positions of the control system. The most commonly used are check valves, safety valves, directional control valves, speed control valves, etc.
  • the traditional solenoid valve has a closed cavity with through holes at different positions. Each hole is connected to a different oil pipe. In the middle of the cavity is a piston. There are two electromagnets on both sides. The magnet coil on which side is energized will be attracted to the valve body. On either side, by controlling the movement of the valve body to open or close the different oil discharge holes, and the oil inlet hole is normally open, the hydraulic oil will enter the different oil discharge pipes, and then the piston of the cylinder is pushed by the oil pressure. It also drives the piston rod, and the piston rod drives the mechanical device; in this way, the mechanical movement is controlled by controlling the current on and off of the electromagnet.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-seal high-speed solenoid valve, which can increase the cylindrical sealing performance under the condition of high oil inlet pressure, effectively reduce leakage and ensure a higher response speed; the high-speed solenoid valve adopts a column Face seal instead of conical face seal. Compared with conical face, the processing difficulty is low and the cost is low. Furthermore, the cylindrical face seal can have better ductility and facilitate the addition of new oil circuits.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • a multiple-sealed high-speed solenoid valve comprising a valve body left inserting block and a valve body right inserting block.
  • the valve body left inserting block and the valve body right inserting block are connected to form a valve body main body.
  • One side of the valve body left inserting block is fixed End cover, a spring cover is fixed on one side of the right insert block of the valve body; a valve sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the valve body, and a valve core is arranged in the valve sleeve.
  • the valve core is located on the side of the right insert block of the valve body and is connected to the armature ,
  • the armature cooperates with the suction cup type electromagnet;
  • a spring is sleeved on the valve core, and one end of the spring is close to the spring cover;
  • valve body left insert block is structured as follows: its main body shape is a cuboid, one side of the cuboid has a cylindrical discharge section, the valve body left insert block has a first cavity penetrating it, and the valve body left
  • the insert block also has a first mounting hole, a first drain storage chamber connection port and a first oil outlet; the first oil outlet communicates with the first cavity and the outer surface of the left insert block of the valve body, and the first drain
  • the connection port of the oil storage room is located and penetrates the cylindrical expenditure section;
  • the structure of the valve body right insert block is: its main body shape is a rectangular parallelepiped, the valve body right insert block has a second cavity, a second ring groove cavity, a second oil inlet, and a second drain storage chamber connection port , The second drain port and the second mounting hole; the second cavity and the second ring groove cavity together form a cavity penetrating the right insert block of the valve body, and the hole diameter of the second ring groove cavity is larger than the second cavity
  • the second oil drain storage chamber connection port is a through hole that penetrates the right insert block of the valve body, the second oil inlet connects the second ring groove cavity with the outer surface of the right insert block of the valve body, the first The second drain port connects the second cavity with the outer surface of the right insert block of the valve body;
  • valve sleeve The structure of the valve sleeve is as follows: its main body is a hollow cylinder, the valve sleeve has a third cavity extending axially therethrough, and the third oil outlet, the third oil drain groove, and the third oil outlet are sequentially distributed on the valve sleeve. Oil inlet groove and third oil drain;
  • the structure of the valve core is: it has a guide section, a short connecting section, a sealing section, a sealing guide section and a long connecting section in sequence, and the valve core has an axial oil passage axially penetrating it; the guide section, The sealing section and the sealing guide section are both equal-diameter cylinders, the sealing guide section has a cross guide near the sealing section, and the long connecting section has a fourth oil drain port and a fourth positioning pin hole; the fourth drain The oil port connects the axial oil passage with the outer surface of the long connecting section;
  • One side of the armature is a round table that cooperates with the suction cup type electromagnet, and the other side is a hollow cylinder with a valve core matching cavity on this side, and the valve core matching cavity is used to connect the long connecting section of the valve core;
  • the seventh positioning pin hole on the hollow cylinder on one side of the armature communicates with the fourth positioning pin hole on the valve core;
  • the second drain storage chamber connection port on the right insert block of the valve body communicates with the first drain storage chamber connection port on the left insert block of the valve body, At this time, the first cavity of the left insert block of the valve body and the second cavity of the right insert block of the valve body cooperate to form an annular oil chamber; the third oil drain port on the valve sleeve and the right insert block of the valve body
  • the second oil drain port of the valve sleeve communicates with the third oil inlet groove of the valve sleeve and the annular oil chamber, and the third oil drain groove port of the valve sleeve communicates with the connection port of the first oil drain storage chamber of the left insert block of the valve body;
  • the side of the sealing section of the valve core close to the guide section and the side of the third drain groove of the valve sleeve close to the third oil outlet cooperate to form a second sealing surface
  • the sealing guide section of the valve core has a cross guide One side cooperates with the third oil inlet groove of the valve sleeve close to the third oil drain groove to form a first sealing surface; the fourth oil drain port of the valve core and the third oil drain port of the valve sleeve Communicate.
  • valve body left insert block and the valve body right insert block are positioned through the stop.
  • the second oil inlet of the right insert block of the valve body is a threaded hole, the center axis of which is perpendicular to the center axis of the second ring groove cavity and is close to the side of the second mounting hole.
  • the central axis of the second oil drain port of the right insert of the valve body is perpendicular to the central axis of the second mounting hole and parallel to the central axis of the second oil drain reservoir connection port.
  • sealing ring grooves are also provided on the valve sleeve.
  • the two sealing ring grooves are located on both sides of the third oil drain groove.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the valve sleeve and the valve body. The ring is installed in the sealing ring groove.
  • the central axis of the third oil outlet and the central axis of the third oil outlet are perpendicular to each other.
  • a fifth oil drain port is provided on the end cover, and the fifth oil drain port is a threaded through hole whose central axis coincides with the central axis of the end cover; the fifth oil drain port is The axial oil passage of the valve core communicates, and the end cover and the left insert block of the valve body are positioned through a stop.
  • the armature and the suction-cup electromagnet are placed in an electromagnet housing, and the electromagnet housing includes an electromagnet housing connection section connected with the right insert block of the valve body and a rear electromagnet housing main body section;
  • the main body section of the electromagnet shell has an observation slot, an electromagnet installation cavity and an electromagnet positioning hole.
  • a washer is added between the spring and the spring cover to adjust the pretension of the spring.
  • a gasket is added between the end cover and the left insert block of the valve body to adjust the sealing length of the two axial sealing surfaces of the valve core.
  • the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: the cylindrical sealing form is used to facilitate the setting of new oil ports, which is different from a single on-off valve that adopts a conical sealing; it makes the cylindrical sealing more effective under the same accuracy.
  • Good sealing effect reduces the cost while reducing leakage; the design of multiple sealing surfaces can reduce the axial sealing length of a single sealing surface, shorten the opening and closing stroke of the valve core, that is, reduce the distance between the armature and the electromagnet Therefore, the amount of magnetic flux leakage is reduced, the induced electromagnetic force is increased, and the response speed is greatly improved; the design of the annular oil chamber on the valve body can reduce the oil filling time and ensure sufficient oil intake per unit time.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multiple-sealed high-speed solenoid valve of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left insert block of the valve body in the solenoid valve of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right insert block of the valve body in the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the valve sleeve structure of the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure of the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the end cover of the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the spring cover in the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the armature structure in the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnet housing in the solenoid valve of the present invention.
  • the structure of the left insert block of the valve body 12-the first mounting hole; 13-the first cavity; 14-the connection port of the first drain storage chamber; 15-the first oil outlet;
  • the structure of the right insert block of the valve body 16-second cavity; 17-second oil inlet; 18-second mounting hole; 19-second ring groove cavity; 20-second drain storage chamber connection port; 21 -The second drain port;
  • Valve sleeve structure 22-third oil outlet; 23-seal ring groove; 24-third oil inlet groove; 25-third cavity; 26-third oil drain; 27-third oil drain groove;
  • Spool structure 28-axial oil passage; 29-guide section; 30-short connection section; 31-seal section; 32-seal guide section; 33-fourth drain port; 34-long connection section; 35-section Four positioning pin holes;
  • 36-fifth oil drain port 37-fifth mounting hole; 38-sixth mounting hole; 39-spool guide hole; 40-spool matching cavity; 41-seventh positioning pin hole; 42- Axial air hole; 43-electromagnet installation cavity; 44-observation slot; 45-electromagnet installation cavity; 46-electromagnet positioning hole.
  • first means the part installed on the left insert block of the valve body
  • second means the component installed on the right insert block of the valve body
  • third means The part set on the valve sleeve
  • fourth means the part set on the valve core, and so on.
  • the present invention is a multiple-sealed high-speed solenoid valve, as shown in Figure 1, including an oil circuit on-off mechanism and a drive mechanism.
  • the oil circuit on-off mechanism includes a valve body (the valve body left insert block 2, the valve body right insert block 3, etc.) , The valve sleeve 11, the valve core 10 and the end cover 1.
  • the valve body is composed of the valve body left insert block 2 and the valve body right insert block 3, which can be positioned by the stop.
  • the left insert block 2 of the valve body can be divided into a big end and a small end.
  • the shape of the big end is a cuboid, and the shape of the small end is a cylinder.
  • the center axis of the small end coincides with the center of the upper and lower ends of the cuboid;
  • the block 2 has a first mounting hole 12, the first mounting hole 12 shown is coaxial with the small end cylinder and is a through hole;
  • the left insert block 2 of the valve body has a first cavity 13, on the first cavity 13 from the left
  • the first oil outlet 15 connects the outer edge of the first mounting hole 12 with a side surface of the large end of the left insert block 2 of the valve body;
  • the connecting port 14 of the first oil drain storage chamber is a cylindrical through hole at the small end, and its central axis is perpendicular to the central axis of the first oil outlet 15 and the
  • valve body right insert block 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the valve body right insert block 3 has a concentric stepped through hole (including the second cavity 16 and the second ring groove cavity 19) passing through it, and the second ring
  • the hole diameter of the groove cavity 19 is larger than the hole diameter of the second cavity 16.
  • the second oil drain storage chamber connection port 20 is a cylindrical threaded through hole penetrating the left and right side surfaces of the right insert block 3 of the valve body; the second oil inlet 17 is a threaded hole, the center axis of which is connected to the second ring groove cavity 19 The central axis is perpendicular and located on the side close to the second mounting hole 18, which connects the outer edge of the second ring groove cavity 19 with the rear surface of the valve body right insert 3; the central axis of the second drain port 21 is perpendicular to The central axis of the second mounting hole 18 is parallel to the central axis of the connecting port 20 of the second drain storage chamber, and it connects the outer edge of the second mounting hole 18 with the right side surface of the right plug 3 of the valve body.
  • the second drain storage chamber connection port 20 on the right insert block 3 of the valve body is connected with the first drain storage chamber on the left insert block 2 of the valve body
  • the port 14 communicates.
  • the first cavity 13 of the left insert block 2 of the valve body and the second cavity 16 of the right insert block 3 of the valve body cooperate to form an annular oil chamber.
  • the valve sleeve 11 is a hollow cylinder, with a third oil outlet 22, a third oil drain groove 27, a third oil inlet groove 24, and a third oil drain 26 in turn from left to right;
  • the hollow part of the inner ring of the valve sleeve 11 is a spool matching cavity, the diameter of which is the same as the maximum outer diameter of the spool 10; the central axis of the third oil outlet 22 and the central axis of the third oil outlet 26 are perpendicular to each other, And the third oil outlet 22 and the third oil outlet 26 are not through holes;
  • the third oil drain groove 27 and the third oil inlet groove 24 are made by milling, and the milling direction is perpendicular to the center axis of the valve sleeve 11.
  • the milling direction of the three oil inlet groove 24 is parallel to the central axis of the third oil drain 26, and the milling direction of the third oil groove 27 is perpendicular to the central axis of the third oil outlet 26; in addition, the third oil drain 26 is connected to the valve
  • the second oil drain port 21 of the body right insert block 3 communicates, the third oil inlet groove 24 communicates with the annular oil chamber, and the third oil drain groove 27 communicates with the second oil drain reservoir connection port 20.
  • the working surface of the valve core 10 can be divided into five sections in the axial direction, from left to right are the guide section 29, the short connecting section 30, the sealing section 31, the sealing guide section 32 and the long connecting section 34;
  • the guide section 29, the sealing section 31 and the sealing guide section 32 are all cylinders of equal diameter
  • the guide section 29 and the sealing section 31 are shorter in length
  • the sealing guide section 32 is longer and the side close to the sealing section 31 is provided with a cross guide.
  • the sealing section 31 of the valve core 10 close to the guide section 29 side and the third drain groove 27 of the valve sleeve 11 close to the third oil outlet 22 side cooperate to form a second sealing surface
  • the sealing guide section 32 of the valve core 10 The side provided with a cross guide and the third oil inlet groove 24 of the valve sleeve 11 close to the third oil drain groove 27 cooperate to form a first sealing surface;
  • the valve core 10 is provided with an axial oil passage 28,
  • the central axis of the passage 28 coincides with the central axis of the valve core 10 and is a through hole; on the axial oil passage 28, a fourth positioning pin hole 35 and a fourth oil drain port 33 are also provided from left to right.
  • the central axis of the fourth positioning pin hole 35 is parallel to the central axis of the fourth drain port 33, the fourth positioning pin hole 35 is a through hole; the fourth drain port 33 connects the axial oil passage 28
  • the outer edge communicates with the outer surface of the long connecting section 34 and communicates with the third oil drain port 26 of the valve sleeve 11.
  • the end cover 1 can be divided into a large end and a small end, and both the large and small ends are cylindrical; the end cover 1 is provided with a fifth drain port 36, and the fifth drain port 36 is a threaded through hole , Its central axis coincides with the central axis of the end cover 1, the fifth oil drain port 36 is shown and communicates with the axial oil passage 28 of the valve core 10, and the end cover 1 and the valve body left insert 2 are positioned through the stop .
  • the drive mechanism includes an armature 7, a suction-cup electromagnet 6, a spring 9, an electromagnet housing and a spring cover 8.
  • the armature 7 can be divided into two parts, a large end and a small end, and the small end is hollow. Cylinder, the big end is in the shape of a truncated cone, the central axis of the big end coincides with the central axis of the small end, and the outer peripheral diameter of the big end needs to be the same as the outer circumference of the electromagnet.
  • the hollow part of the small end is the valve core matching cavity 40.
  • the outer edge diameter is the same as the outer edge diameter of the long connecting section 34 of the valve core 10; the armature 7 is provided with an axial air hole 42 and a seventh positioning pin hole 41.
  • the axial air hole 42 is located at the large end near the outer edge.
  • the central axis of the hole is parallel to the central axis of the large end, and the number of axial air holes 42 is determined by demand;
  • the seventh positioning pin hole 41 is a through hole on the small end, and its central axis is perpendicular to the central axis of the small end. And it is matched with the fourth positioning pin hole 35 of the valve core 10.
  • the shape of the electromagnet shell is composed of a cuboid and a cylinder.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the cuboid are cubes.
  • the outer diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the length and width of the upper and lower squares.
  • the central axis of the cylinder is perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces of the cuboid and passes through the center of the upper and lower surfaces.
  • the electromagnet mounting cavity 43 and the electromagnet positioning hole 46 there is also an observation slot 44 on the electromagnet housing, the width and thickness of which are the outer edge of the cuboid to the electromagnet
  • the shortest distance of the outer edge of the mounting cavity 43; the shape of the spring cover 8 is cylindrical, and a valve core guide hole 39 is provided on it, which is matched with the long connecting section 34, and the aperture is the same as the outer diameter of the long connecting section 34.
  • the electromagnet selected in the present invention is a ring-shaped suction cup structure, its appearance is cylindrical, and a threaded hole is provided on the opposite circular surface side of the suction cup, which is matched with the electromagnet positioning hole 46 on the electromagnet housing; the device of the present invention It must also include a solenoid valve control device, which is used to send a control signal for opening and closing the oil circuit to the solenoid valve.
  • the spring 9 is located between the sealing guide section 32 of the valve core 10 away from the sealing section 31 and the spring cover 8, and an adjustment washer needs to be added between the spring 9 and the spring cover 8 to adjust the preload of the spring 9; valve sleeve 11 There is a sealing ring between the valve body and the main body of the valve body, and the position is between the third oil outlet 22 and the third oil drain groove 27, and between the third oil drain groove 27 and the third oil inlet groove 24.
  • the upper and lower openings of the oil storage chamber need to be sealed with bolts when working.
  • An adjusting gasket can be added between the end cover 1 and the left insert block 2 of the valve body to adjust the sealing length of the two axial sealing surfaces of the valve core 10.
  • An adjustment gasket can also be added between the magnet mounting housing and the valve body to adjust the stroke of the valve core.
  • the end cover 1, the valve body left insert block 2, the electromagnet housing and the spring cover 8 are provided with non-threaded through holes for connection on the outer edge side, and the valve body right insert block 3 is provided with threaded holes on the upper and lower surfaces.
  • a sealing ring can be installed between the mating surfaces of the valve body left insert block 2 and the valve body right insert block 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其结构为：包括阀体左插块（2）和阀体右插块（3），阀体左插块（2）和阀体右插块（3）相接形成阀体主体，阀体左插块（2）一侧固定有端盖（1），阀体右插块（3）一侧固定有弹簧盖（8）；阀体主体内腔设置有阀套（11），阀套（11）内设置有阀芯（10），阀芯（10）位于阀体右插块（3）的一侧连接衔铁（7），衔铁（7）与吸盘式电磁铁（6）相配合作用；阀芯（10）上套有弹簧（9），弹簧（9）一端紧贴弹簧盖（8）。该多重密封高速电磁阀在高进油压力条件下增加了柱面密封的密封性，还能有效减小泄漏并保证较高响应速度。

Description

一种多重密封高速电磁阀 技术领域
本发明涉及电磁阀领域，具体是一种多重密封高速电磁阀，具有高响应速度的二位二通直动阀。
背景技术
电磁阀(Electromagnetic valve)是用电磁控制的工业设备，是用来控制流体的自动化基础元件，属于执行器，并不限于液压、气动，用在工业控制系统中调整介质的方向、流量、速度和其他的参数。电磁阀可以配合不同的电路来实现预期的控制，而控制的精度和灵活性都能够保证。电磁阀有很多种，不同的电磁阀在控制系统的不同位置发挥作用，最常用的是单向阀、安全阀、方向控制阀、速度调节阀等。
传统电磁阀里有密闭的腔，在不同位置开有通孔，每个孔连接不同的油管，腔中间是活塞，两面是两块电磁铁，哪面的磁铁线圈通电阀体就会被吸引到哪边，通过控制阀体的移动来开启或关闭不同的排油孔，而进油孔是常开的，液压油就会进入不同的排油管，然后通过油的压力来推动油缸的活塞，活塞又带动活塞杆，活塞杆带动机械装置；这样通过控制电磁铁的电流通断就控制了机械运动。
目前，市面上有许多种类高速电磁阀，如施耐德各系列的伺服阀，它们虽能保证较高响应速度和较低泄漏量，但其阀芯和阀孔间所需要的精度要求和加工水准确是国内大部分厂家难以达到的，这也导致制造成本极其昂贵。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多重密封高速电磁阀，在高进油压力条件下增加柱面密封密封性，还能有效减小泄漏并保证较高响应速度；本高速电磁阀采用柱面密封而非锥面密封，相比于锥面，加工难度小成本低；再者做成柱面密封可以有更好的延展性，方便添加新的油路。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种多重密封高速电磁阀，包括阀体左插块和阀体右插块，所述阀体左插 块和阀体右插块相接形成阀体主体，阀体左插块一侧固定有端盖，阀体右插块一侧固定有弹簧盖；阀体主体内腔设置有阀套，所述阀套内设置有阀芯，所述阀芯位于阀体右插块的一侧连接衔铁，所述衔铁与吸盘式电磁铁相配合作用；阀芯上套有弹簧，所述弹簧一端紧贴弹簧盖；
其中，所述阀体左插块的结构为：其主体形状为一长方体，长方体一侧具有圆柱体支出段，所述阀体左插块具有贯穿其的第一空腔，所述阀体左插块还具有第一安装孔、第一泄油储蓄室连接口和第一出油口；所述第一出油口连通第一空腔与阀体左插块外表面，所述第一泄油储蓄室连接口位于且贯穿圆柱体支出段；
所述阀体右插块的结构为：其主体形状为一长方体，阀体右插块具有第二空腔、第二环槽空腔、第二进油口、第二泄油储蓄室连接口、第二泄油口和第二安装孔；所述第二空腔和第二环槽空腔共同组成贯穿阀体右插块的空腔且第二环槽空腔的孔径大于第二空腔的孔径；所述第二泄油储蓄室连接口为贯穿阀体右插块的通孔，所述第二进油口连通第二环槽空腔与阀体右插块外表面，所述第二泄油口连通第二空腔与阀体右插块外表面；
所述阀套的结构为：其主体为一个空心圆柱，所述阀套具有轴向贯穿其的第三空腔，阀套上依次分布有第三出油口、第三泄油槽口、第三进油槽口和第三泄油口；
所述阀芯的结构为：其依次具有导向段、短连接段、密封段、密封导向段和长连接段，且所述阀芯具有轴向贯穿其的轴向油道；所述导向段、密封段和密封导向段均为等直径圆柱体，所述密封导向段靠近密封段处具有十字导向，所述长连接段上具有第四泄油口和第四定位销孔；所述第四泄油口连通轴向油道与长连接段外表面；
所述衔铁一侧为与吸盘式电磁铁配合作用的圆台，另一侧为空心圆柱体且此侧具有阀芯配合空腔，所述阀芯配合空腔用于连接阀芯的长连接段；所述衔铁一侧的空心圆柱体上的第七定位销孔与阀芯上的第四定位销孔相通；
所述阀体左插块与阀体右插块相接时，阀体右插块上的第二泄油储蓄室连接口与阀体左插块上的第一泄油储蓄室连接口相通，此时，阀体左插块的第一 空腔与阀体右插块的第二空腔配合组成一个环形油室；所述阀套上的第三泄油口与所述阀体右插块的第二泄油口相通，所述阀套上的第三进油槽口与环形油室相通，阀套的第三泄油槽口与阀体左插块的第一泄油储蓄室连接口相通；
所述阀芯的密封段靠近导向段一侧与所述阀套的第三泄油槽口靠近第三出油口一侧相配合形成第二密封面，所述阀芯的密封导向段具有十字导向一侧与所述阀套的第三进油槽口靠近第三泄油槽口一侧相配合形成第一密封面；所述阀芯的第四泄油口与所述阀套的第三泄油口相通。
进一步的，所述阀体左插块和阀体右插块通过止口定位。
进一步的，所述阀体右插块的第二进油口为螺纹孔，其中心轴线与第二环槽空腔中心轴线相垂直且靠近第二安装孔一侧。
进一步的，所述阀体右插块的第二泄油口的中心轴线垂直于第二安装孔的中心轴线且与第二泄油储蓄室连接口的中心轴线平行。
进一步的，在阀套上还设置有两条密封圈槽，两条密封圈槽位于所述第三泄油槽口两侧，所述阀套和阀体主体之间设有密封圈，所述密封圈即安装于密封圈槽中。
进一步的，在阀套上，所述第三出油口的中心轴线与所述第三泄油口的中心轴线相互垂直。
进一步的，在所述端盖上设有第五泄油口，且所述第五泄油口为螺纹通孔，其中心轴线和端盖的中心轴线相重合；所述第五泄油口与所述阀芯的轴向油道相通，所述端盖与阀体左插块通过止口定位。
进一步的，所述衔铁与吸盘式电磁铁置于电磁铁壳体内，所述电磁铁壳体包括与阀体右插块相连的电磁铁壳体连接段和后端的电磁铁壳体主体段；所述电磁铁壳体主体段具有观测槽、电磁铁安装腔和电磁铁定位孔。
进一步的，所述弹簧与弹簧盖之间加有垫片，用于调整弹簧的预紧力。
进一步的，所述端盖与阀体左插块之间加有垫片，用于调整阀芯的两道轴向密封面的密封长度。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益技术效果是：采用柱面密封形式，方便新油口的设置，与单一的采用锥面密封的开关阀不同；使柱面密封在同等精度下 有更好的密封效果，在减少泄漏的同时降低了成本；多密封面的设计，可减少单个密封面的轴向密封长度，缩短了阀芯的开闭行程，即减小了衔铁与电磁铁之间的间隙值，从而漏磁量减少，感应电磁力增大，响应速度大大提高；阀体上环形油室的设计，能够减少充油时间，保证单位时间内有足够的进油量。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种多重密封高速电磁阀整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明电磁阀中阀体左插块结构示意图；
图3是本发明电磁阀中阀体右插块结构示意图；
图4是本发明电磁阀中阀套结构示意图；
图5是本发明电磁阀中阀芯结构示意图；
图6是本发明电磁阀中端盖结构示意图；
图7是本发明电磁阀中弹簧盖结构示意图；
图8是本发明电磁阀中衔铁结构示意图；
图9是本发明电磁阀中电磁铁壳体结构示意图。
图中：1-端盖；2-阀体左插块；3-阀体右插块；4-电磁铁壳体连接段；5-电磁铁壳体主体段；6-吸盘式电磁铁；7-衔铁；8-弹簧盖；9-弹簧；10-阀芯；11-阀套；
阀体左插块结构：12-第一安装孔；13-第一空腔；14-第一泄油储蓄室连接口；15-第一出油口；
阀体右插块结构：16-第二空腔；17-第二进油口；18-第二安装孔；19-第二环槽空腔；20-第二泄油储蓄室连接口；21-第二泄油口；
阀套结构：22-第三出油口；23-密封圈槽；24-第三进油槽口；25-第三空腔；26-第三泄油口；27-第三泄油槽口；
阀芯结构：28-轴向油道；29-导向段；30-短连接段；31-密封段；32-密封导向段；33-第四泄油口；34-长连接段；35-第四定位销孔；
其他结构：36-第五泄油口；37-第五安装孔；38-第六安装孔；39-阀芯导向孔；40-阀芯配合空腔；41-第七定位销孔；42-轴向气孔；43-电磁铁安装腔；44-观测槽；45-电磁铁安装腔；46-电磁铁定位孔。
说明：相同或功能相似的部件区分表示，例如，“第一”表示设置在阀体左插块上的部件，“第二”表示设置在阀体右插块上的部件，“第三”表示设置在阀套上的部件，“第四”表示设置在阀芯上的部件，等等。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本发明一种多重密封高速电磁阀，如图1所示，包括油路通断机构和驱动机构，油路通断机构包括阀体(阀体左插块2、阀体右插块3等)、阀套11、阀芯10及端盖1；阀体由阀体左插块2和阀体右插块3构成，它们可通过止口定位。
如图2所示，阀体左插块2可分为大端和小端，其大端外形为长方体，小端外形为圆柱体，小端中心轴线与长方体上下端面中心重合；阀体左插块2具有第一安装孔12，所示第一安装孔12与小端圆柱体同轴且为通孔；阀体左插块2具有第一空腔13，在第一空腔13上从左至右还具有第一出油口15及第一泄油储蓄室连接口14；第一出油口15将第一安装孔12外缘与阀体左插块2大端一处侧表面连通；第一泄油储蓄室连接口14为处于小端的圆柱通孔，其中心轴线同第一出油口15的中心轴线及第一安装孔12中心轴线两两垂直。
如图3所示，阀体右插块3外形为长方体，阀体右插块3具有贯穿其的同心阶梯通孔(包括第二空腔16和第二环槽空腔19)，第二环槽空腔19的孔径大于第二空腔16的孔径；在同心阶梯通孔上，从左至右还设有第二泄油储蓄室连接口20、第二进油口17及第二泄油口；第二泄油储蓄室连接口20为贯穿阀体右插块3左右侧表面的圆柱螺纹通孔；第二进油口17为螺纹孔，其中心轴线与第二环槽空腔19的中心轴线相垂直且位于靠近第二安装孔18一侧，其将第二环槽空腔19外缘与阀体右插块3的后侧表面连通；第二泄油口21的中心轴线垂直于第二安装孔18的中心轴线且与第二泄油储蓄室连接口20的中心轴线平行，其将第二安装孔18外缘与阀体右插块3的右侧表面连通。阀体左插块2和阀体右插块3相接时，阀体右插块3上的第二泄油储蓄室连接口20与阀体左插块2上的第一泄油储蓄室连接口14相通，此时，阀体左插块2的第一空腔13与阀体右插块3的第二空腔16配合组成一个环形油室。
如图4所示，阀套11为一空心圆柱，从左到右依次还设有第三出油口22、第三泄油槽口27、第三进油槽口24及第三泄油口26；阀套11的内圈空心部分为阀芯配合空腔，其直径大小与阀芯10最大外缘直径相同；第三出油口22的中心轴线与第三泄油口26的中心轴线相互垂直，且第三出油口22与第三泄油口26均非通孔；第三泄油槽口27及第三进油槽口24均通过铣削制成，铣削方向都同阀套11中心轴线垂直，第三进油槽口24铣削方向同第三泄油口26的中心轴线平行，第三泄油槽口27铣削方向同第三泄油口26的中心轴线相垂直；此外，第三泄油口26与阀体右插块3的第二泄油口21相通，第三进油槽口24与环形油室相通，第三泄油槽口27与第二泄油储蓄室连接口20相通。
如图5所示，阀芯10工作面在轴向上可分为五段，从左到右分别为导向段29、短连接段30、密封段31、密封导向段32及长连接段34；其中，导向段29、密封段31及密封导向段32均为等直径圆柱体，导向段29与密封段31长度较短，密封导向段32较长且其靠近密封段31一侧做有十字导向；阀芯10的密封段31靠近导向段29一侧与阀套11的第三泄油槽口27靠近第三出油口22一侧相配合形成第二密封面，阀芯10的密封导向段32设有十字导向一侧与阀套11的第三进油槽口24靠近第三泄油槽口27一侧相配合形成第一密封面；此外，阀芯10设有轴向油道28，轴向油道28的中心轴线与阀芯10的中心轴线相重合，且为通孔；在轴向油道28上，从左至右还设有第四定位销孔35及第四泄油口33且都处于长连接段34，同时第四定位销孔35的中心轴线与第四泄油口33的中心轴线平行，第四定位销孔35为通孔；第四泄油口33将轴向油道28外缘与长连接段34的外表面连通，且与阀套11的第三泄油口26相通。
如图6所示，端盖1可分为大端和小端，其大小端均为圆柱体；端盖1上设有第五泄油口36，且第五泄油口36为螺纹通孔，其中心轴线和端盖1的中心轴线相重合，所示第五泄油口36且与阀芯10的的轴向油道28相通，端盖1与阀体左插块2通过止口定位。
如图7至图9所示，驱动机构包括衔铁7、吸盘式电磁铁6、弹簧9、电磁铁壳体及弹簧盖8；衔铁7可分为大端和小端两部分，小端为空心圆柱体，大端呈圆台状，大端中心轴线与小端中心轴线相合，且大端外缘周直径需与电磁铁 外圆周直径相同，其中小端空心部分为阀芯配合空腔40，其外缘直径同阀芯10的长连接段34的外缘直径相同；衔铁7上设有轴向气孔42及第七定位销孔41，轴向气孔42为处在大端靠近外缘处的通孔，其中心轴线与大端中心轴线平行，轴向气孔42个数由需求决定；第七定位销孔41为一处在小端上的通孔，其中心轴线与小端中心轴线相垂直，且其与阀芯10的第四定位销孔35相配合。
电磁铁壳体外形由一个长方体和一个圆柱体构成，长方体上下表面呈正方体状，圆柱体外缘直径小于上下表面正方形的长宽尺寸，且圆柱体中心轴线与长方体的上下表面垂直并经过上下表面中心；以长方体端作为起始，从左至右分别为电磁铁安装腔43及电磁铁定位孔46；电磁铁壳体上还设有一观测槽44，其宽度及厚度均为长方体外边缘到电磁铁安装腔43外缘的最短距离；弹簧盖8外形呈圆柱体，其上设有阀芯导向孔39，其与长连接段34相配合，且孔径与长连接段34的外缘直径相同。
本发明选用的电磁铁为环状吸盘结构，其外观呈圆柱状，且在其吸盘相对的圆面侧设有螺纹孔，与电磁铁壳体上的电磁铁定位孔46相配合；本发明装置还必然包括电磁阀控制装置，其用于向电磁阀发送通断油路的控制信号。
弹簧9处于阀芯10的密封导向段32远离密封段31一侧和弹簧盖8之间，且在弹簧9与弹簧盖8之间需加调整垫片以调整弹簧9预紧力；阀套11和阀体主体之间设有密封圈，位置处在第三出油口22和第三泄油槽口27之间，以及第三泄油槽口27及第三进油槽口24之间，阀体泄油储蓄室的上下开口在工作时需用螺栓封死。端盖1与阀体左插块2之间可加调整垫片以调整阀芯10两道轴向密封面的密封长度。磁铁安装壳体与阀体之间同样可加调整垫片，以调整阀芯的行程。端盖1、阀体左插块2、电磁铁壳体及弹簧盖8靠外缘侧都设有用于连接的非螺纹通孔，阀体右插块3上下表面上都设有螺纹孔，为了保证密封性，阀体左插块2与阀体右插块3的配合面之间可加装密封圈。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，包括阀体左插块(2)和阀体右插块(3)，所述阀体左插块(2)和阀体右插块(3)相接形成阀体主体，阀体左插块(2)一侧固定有端盖(1)，阀体右插块(3)一侧固定有弹簧盖(8)；阀体主体内腔设置有阀套(11)，所述阀套(11)内设置有阀芯(10)，所述阀芯(10)位于阀体右插块(3)的一侧连接衔铁(7)，所述衔铁(7)与吸盘式电磁铁(6)相配合作用；阀芯(10)上套有弹簧(9)，所述弹簧(9)一端紧贴弹簧盖(8)；
    其中，所述阀体左插块(2)的结构为：其主体形状为一长方体，长方体一侧具有圆柱体支出段，所述阀体左插块(2)具有贯穿其的第一空腔(13)，所述阀体左插块(2)还具有第一安装孔(12)、第一泄油储蓄室连接口(14)和第一出油口(15)；所述第一出油口(15)连通第一空腔(13)与阀体左插块(2)外表面，所述第一泄油储蓄室连接口(14)位于且贯穿圆柱体支出段；
    所述阀体右插块(3)的结构为：其主体形状为一长方体，阀体右插块(3)具有第二空腔(16)、第二环槽空腔(19)、第二进油口(17)、第二泄油储蓄室连接口(20)、第二泄油口(21)和第二安装孔(18)；所述第二空腔(16)和第二环槽空腔(19)共同组成贯穿阀体右插块(3)的空腔且第二环槽空腔(19)的孔径大于第二空腔(16)的孔径；所述第二泄油储蓄室连接口(20)为贯穿阀体右插块(3)的通孔，所述第二进油口(17)连通第二环槽空腔(19)与阀体右插块(3)外表面，所述第二泄油口(21)连通第二空腔(16)与阀体右插块(3)外表面；
    所述阀套(11)的结构为：其主体为一个空心圆柱，所述阀套(11)具有轴向贯穿其的第三空腔(25)，阀套(11)上依次分布有第三出油口(22)、第三泄油槽口(27)、第三进油槽口(24)和第三泄油口(26)；
    所述阀芯(10)的结构为：其依次具有导向段(29)、短连接段(30)、密封段(31)、密封导向段(32)和长连接段(34)，且所述阀芯(10)具有轴向贯穿其的轴向油道(28)；所述导向段(29)、密封段(31)和密封导向段(32)均为等直径圆柱体，所述密封导向段(32)靠近密封段(31)处具有十字导向，所述长连接段(34)上具有第四泄油口(33)和第四定位销孔(35)；所述第四 泄油口(33)连通轴向油道(28)与长连接段(34)外表面；
    所述衔铁(7)一侧为与吸盘式电磁铁(6)配合作用的圆台，另一侧为空心圆柱体且此侧具有阀芯配合空腔(40)，所述阀芯配合空腔(40)用于连接阀芯(10)的长连接段(34)；所述衔铁(7)一侧的空心圆柱体上的第七定位销孔(41)与阀芯(10)上的第四定位销孔(35)相通；
    所述阀体左插块(2)与阀体右插块(3)相接时，阀体右插块(3)上的第二泄油储蓄室连接口(20)与阀体左插块(2)上的第一泄油储蓄室连接口(14)相通，此时，阀体左插块(2)的第一空腔(13)与阀体右插块(3)的第二空腔(16)配合组成一个环形油室；所述阀套(11)上的第三泄油口(26)与所述阀体右插块(3)的第二泄油口(21)相通，所述阀套(11)上的第三进油槽口(24)与环形油室相通，阀套(11)的第三泄油槽口(27)与阀体左插块(2)的第一泄油储蓄室连接口(14)相通；
    所述阀芯(10)的密封段(31)靠近导向段(29)一侧与所述阀套(11)的第三泄油槽口(27)靠近第三出油口(22)一侧相配合形成第二密封面，所述阀芯(10)的密封导向段(32)具有十字导向一侧与所述阀套(11)的第三进油槽口(24)靠近第三泄油槽口(27)一侧相配合形成第一密封面；所述阀芯(10)的第四泄油口(33)与所述阀套(11)的第三泄油口(26)相通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体左插块(2)和阀体右插块(3)通过止口定位。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体右插块(3)的第二进油口(17)为螺纹孔，其中心轴线与第二环槽空腔(19)中心轴线相垂直且靠近第二安装孔(18)一侧。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体右插块(3)的第二泄油口(21)的中心轴线垂直于第二安装孔(18)的中心轴线且与第二泄油储蓄室连接口(20)的中心轴线平行。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，在阀套(11)上还设置有两条密封圈槽(23)，两条密封圈槽(23)位于所述第三泄油槽口(27)两侧，所述阀套(11)和阀体主体之间设有密封圈，所述密封圈即安装于密封 圈槽(23)中。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，在阀套(11)上，所述第三出油口(22)的中心轴线与所述第三泄油口(26)的中心轴线相互垂直。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，在所述端盖(1)上设有第五泄油口(36)，且所述第五泄油口(36)为螺纹通孔，其中心轴线和端盖(1)的中心轴线相重合；所述第五泄油口(36)与所述阀芯(10)的轴向油道(28)相通，所述端盖(1)与阀体左插块(2)通过止口定位。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述衔铁(7)与吸盘式电磁铁(6)置于电磁铁壳体内，所述电磁铁壳体包括与阀体右插块(3)相连的电磁铁壳体连接段(4)和后端的电磁铁壳体主体段(5)；所述电磁铁壳体主体段(5)具有观测槽(44)、电磁铁安装腔(45)和电磁铁定位孔(46)。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述弹簧(9)与弹簧盖(8)之间加有垫片，用于调整弹簧(9)的预紧力。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种多重密封高速电磁阀，其特征在于，所述端盖(1)与阀体左插块(2)之间加有垫片，用于调整阀芯(10)的两道轴向密封面的密封长度。
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