Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/407—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
  • A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
  • A61K31/502—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
  • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a drug and a method of treating or preventing diabetic complications using the drug.
• Insulin a hormone produced by pancreatic ⁇ cells, causes cells such as muscle, liver, and fat to take up glucose in the blood when the glucose concentration in the blood (also called “blood sugar level”) rises. By promoting it, the blood glucose level in the blood is adjusted to a constant concentration. Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which there is a problem in the mechanism of lowering the blood glucose level in blood due to insufficient insulin secretion in the body or due to a decrease in the sensitivity of cells to insulin. If the blood glucose level in the blood continues to be high (also referred to as “hyperglycemic condition"), damage to microvessels in the kidney, retina, nerves, etc., or arteriosclerosis is further promoted, resulting in myocardial infarction.
• Diabetes treatment is generally focused on lowering the blood glucose level in the blood.
• insulin injection or hypoglycemia such as insulin secretagogue, insulin resistance improver, ⁇ -glucosidase inhibitor, etc.
• the drug is widely applied as a treatment.
• SMTP Stachybotrys microspora triprenylphenol
• JP-A-2004-224737A JP-A-2004-224738
• No. 111203 it is known to have a thrombolytic promoting action and an angiogenesis inhibiting action.
• the SMTP compound induces a conformational change of plasminogen.
• the SMTP compound increases the sensitivity of plasminogen to t-PA and the binding of plasminogen to thrombus and the like, and promotes the dissolution of thrombus. Furthermore, according to J Biol Chem 2014; 289: 35826-35838, it has been shown that the SMTP compound has an excellent anti-inflammatory effect.
• diabetic neuropathy diabetic nephropathy
• DKD diabetic nephropathy
• DN diabetic nephropathy
• diabetic complications for example, diabetic neuropathy has a high frequency of onset and develops from an early stage after the onset of diabetes and shows various clinical features.
• advanced diabetic neuropathy affects the prognosis of life, such as lowering the quality of life (QOL) of patients and increasing the mortality rate in patients with autonomic neuropathy.
• QOL quality of life
• diabetic kidney disease requires treatment such as dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation as the symptoms progress. For this reason, further development of drugs, therapeutic methods or preventive methods for diabetic complications is required.
• Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most highly occurring complications of diabetes.
• the details of its pathogenic mechanism are unknown, but it has been suggested that hyperglycemic conditions may contribute to the accumulation of sorbitol in the body, deficiency of nutritional substances, and related blood flow disorders.
• the reason why the above effect is obtained is unknown, but it is said that the compound represented by the formula (I) is excellent in the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy by improving the blood flow disorder.
• Diabetic kidney disease is also one of the most highly occurring complications of diabetes.
• the present invention states that the compound represented by the formula (I) is excellent in the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications such as diabetic kidney disease by improving angiopathy. Those are guessing.
• the problems solved by the embodiments according to the present disclosure are a drug having an excellent therapeutic or preventive effect on diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease, and a drug of a compound represented by the formula (I). Is to provide new uses as.
• Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects.
• a drug used for diabetic complications containing a compound represented by the following formula (I) as an active ingredient.
• L represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms
• X represents a hydroxy group or a carboxy group
• n represents an integer of 0 to 2
• R represents a hydrogen atom.
• it represents a substituent having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.
• the agent according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the compound represented by the formula (I) is a compound represented by the following formula (IA).
• X is -CHY-C (CH 3 ) 2 Z, and Y and Z are independently -H or -OH, or together to form a single bond, R. Represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.
• ⁇ 3> The agent according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the compound represented by the formula (I) is a compound represented by the following formula (II) or formula (III).
• X 1 , X 2 and X 3 are independently -CHY-C (CH 3 ) 2 Z, and Y and Z are independently -H or -OH, respectively.
• R 1 represents any one of (A) to (D) below.
• A An amino compound selected from the group consisting of a natural amino acid, a D-form of a natural amino acid, and a compound in which at least one carboxy group is replaced with a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or a hydroxymethyl group in the D-form of a natural amino acid and a natural amino acid. Residues excluding one amino group (excluding- (CH) 2- OH),
• B) Includes an aromatic group or a secondary amino group having at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, a sulfonic acid group and a secondary amino group as a substituent or as a part of the substituent.
• Aromatic amino acid residues represented by the following formula (II-1) (in the formula, R 3 is a substituent that may or may not be present independently, and if present, a hydroxy group. , A carboxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 0 or 1, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and * represents a bond site),.
• (D) -L 1- L 2- R 4 Substituent group in the formula, L 1 represents a linking group having a carboxy group and having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and L 2 is -NH-.
• R 2 is a natural amino acid having two amino groups, a D form of a natural amino acid having two amino groups, and a D form of a natural amino acid having two amino groups and a natural amino acid having two amino groups.
• the compounds represented by the formula (I) are the following SMTP-0, the following SMTP-1, the following SMTP-4, the following SMTP-5D, the following SMTP-6, the following SMTP-7, the following SMTP-8, The following SMTP-11-14, the following SMTP-18-29, the following SMTP-36, the following SMTP-37, the following SMTP-42, the following SMTP-43, the following SMTP-43D, the following SMTP-44, the following SMTP-44D, the following The agent according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, which comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of SMTP-46 and the following SMTP-47.
• * represents the binding site.
• ⁇ 6> The agent according to ⁇ 4>, wherein the compound represented by the formula (I) contains the SMTP-27.
• ⁇ 7> The drug according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the diabetic complication is diabetic neuropathy.
• ⁇ 8> The drug according to ⁇ 7>, wherein the diabetic neuropathy is a multiple neuropathy.
• ⁇ 10> The drug according to any one of ⁇ 7> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the diabetic neuropathy is a neuropathy due to type 2 diabetes.
• the diabetic neuropathy is a neuropathy due to type 2 diabetes.
• the diabetic complication is diabetic kidney disease.
• the agent according to ⁇ 11>, wherein the diabetic kidney disease is diabetic nephropathy.
• the diabetic nephropathy is When the eGFR value (ml / min / 1.73 m 2 ) is 30 or more and less than 90 and the urinary albumin value (mg / gCr) is less than 30, The eGFR value (ml / min / 1.73 m 2 ) is 30 or more and less than 90, and the urinary albumin value (mg / gCr) is 30 or more.
• the drug according to ⁇ 12> which is a disease satisfying any one condition selected from the group consisting of.
• ⁇ 14> The drug according to any one of ⁇ 11> to ⁇ 13>, wherein the diabetic kidney disease is nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes.
• An amount of the drug according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 14> effective for treating or preventing diabetic complications is applied to a subject having diabetic complications or at risk of developing diabetic complications.
• ⁇ 16> The method according to ⁇ 15>, wherein the effective amount for treating or preventing the diabetic complications is 0.001 mg / kg body weight to 200 mg / kg body weight per adult.
• ⁇ 17> The compound of the above formula (I) for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications.
• a drug having an excellent therapeutic or preventive effect on diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease, and a novel use of the compound represented by the formula (I) as a pharmaceutical.
• diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease
• a novel use of the compound represented by the formula (I) as a pharmaceutical can be provided.
• the contents of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.
• the description of the constituents described below may be based on the representative embodiments of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited to such embodiments.
• the upper limit value or the lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of another numerical range described stepwise. ..
• the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the examples.
• the amount of each component in the composition such as a drug is the same as the case where a plurality of substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, unless otherwise specified, the plurality of applicable substances present in the composition. Means the total amount of.
• the notation that does not describe substitution and non-substitution includes those having no substituent as well as those having a substituent.
• the term "process" in the present specification is not limited to an independent process, and even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes, the term “process” will be used as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved. included.
• % by mass and % by weight are synonymous, and “parts by mass” and “parts by weight” are synonymous.
• a combination of two or more preferred embodiments is a more preferred embodiment.
• the drug according to the present disclosure is a drug used for diabetic complications containing a compound represented by the above formula (I) as an active ingredient.
• L represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms
• X represents a hydroxy group or a carboxy group
• n represents an integer of 0 to 2
• R represents a hydrogen atom or a molecular weight of 1000. Represents the following substituents.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms represented by L may be linear, branched or cyclic. It may also contain unsaturated bonds. Of these, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group that may contain a linear or branched unsaturated bond is preferable.
• the group represented by -L-X n is represented by the following formula (V)
• formula (Y1) ⁇ is preferably represented by any one of (Y4).
• Z 1 and Z 2 are independent hydrogen atoms or hydroxy groups, or together form a single bond.
• "*" in the chemical formula indicates a bond position.
• the substituent having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less in R of the formula (I) is a substituent having a molecular weight of 1 or more and 800 or less from the viewpoint of therapeutic or preventive effect on diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease.
• a substituent having a molecular weight of 15 or more and 700 or less is more preferable, and a substituent having a molecular weight of 15 or more and 600 or less is further preferable.
• R in the formula (I) include ⁇ -amino acids (in this case, the nitrogen atom bonded to R corresponds to the ⁇ -amino group of the ⁇ -amino acid).
• the ⁇ -amino acid is not particularly limited, and may be a natural amino acid or an unnatural amino acid. Further, it may be an amino acid derivative in which a substituent is introduced into a natural amino acid. Further, when the ⁇ -amino acid has two or more amino groups, any amino group may be removed. Among them, ⁇ -amino acid may have at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of natural amino acids, D-forms of natural amino acids, or hydroxy groups, carboxy groups and alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• the "amino acid” in the present disclosure may be an L-form amino acid or a D-form amino acid.
• the natural amino acid is not particularly limited as long as it is an amino acid that can exist in nature.
• Examples thereof include phenylalanine, homocystine, diaminopimelic acid, diaminopropionic acid, serine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan.
• Examples of the substituent in the amino acid derivative in which the substituent is introduced into the natural amino acid include a nitro group, a hydroxy group, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 16 carbon atoms, a ureido group, a thioureido group, a carboxy group, and a hydrogen atom from fluoresamine. Examples include groups formed by removing one.
• the substituent in the amino acid derivative may further have a substituent if possible.
• the substituents contained in the substituents are the same as those in the amino acid derivative.
• R in the formula (I) examples include amino sugars (in this case, the nitrogen atom bonded to R corresponds to the amino group of the amino sugar).
• the amino sugar is not particularly limited as long as it is a sugar derivative having at least one amino group. Specifically, for example, glucosamine, galactosamine, mannosamine, neuraminic acid and the like can be mentioned.
• the R of the formula (I) is an aromatic group having at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, a sulfonic acid group and a secondary amino group as a substituent or as a part of the substituent, or an aromatic group. Also included are aromatic groups that may contain a secondary amino group and a nitrogen atom. Examples of the aromatic group include a group represented by the following structural formula. In each structural formula, * represents a binding site.
• the R of the formula (I) is an aromatic amino acid residue represented by the following formula (II-1) (R 3 in the formula is a substituent that may or may not be present, and if it is present, it is hydroxy. It represents at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a group, a carboxy group and an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. N represents an integer of 0 or 1, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and * represents an integer of 0 to 5. Representing a bond site.
• the alkyl group may further have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a hydroxy group, an alkenyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a sulfhydryl group, and the like (in this case). ,
• the nitrogen atom bonded to R corresponds to the amino group of the aromatic amino acid).
• Examples of the aromatic amino acid residue represented by the formula (II-1) include a group represented by the following structural formula. * Represents the binding site.
• the R of the formula (I) includes a heterocyclic group.
• the heterocyclic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a cyclic group containing a hetero atom, and may be either an aliphatic heterocyclic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group.
• a hetero atom a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and the like can be mentioned.
• R of the formula (I) is preferably a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a hetero atom.
• it is a heterocyclic group composed of a heterocyclic compound selected from the group consisting of purine, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, and pyrazolone by removing one hydrogen atom.
• the heterocyclic group is composed of a heterocyclic compound selected from the group consisting of purine, pyridine, and pyrazolone by removing one hydrogen atom.
• the position at which the hydrogen atom is removed from the heterocyclic compound is not particularly limited. Above all, it is preferable that the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom of the heterocyclic compound is removed.
• the heterocyclic group in R may have a substituent.
• the substituent in the heterocyclic group include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, a carboxy group, a carbamoyl group and a sulfonic acid group.
• the substituent in the heterocyclic group is preferably at least one selected from a phenyl group and a carbamoyl group.
• the number of substituents in the heterocyclic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 or more and 3 or less.
• R in the formula (I) examples include alkyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic. Among them, the alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably linear or branched, and more preferably linear.
• the number of carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 6. The carbon number of the alkyl group does not include the carbon number of the substituent on the alkyl group.
• the alkyl group in R may have a substituent.
• Substituents in the alkyl group include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 16 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a carbamoyl group, and a sulfonic acid group.
• Amino group, carbamoyloxy group, ureido group, thioureide group, alkyl sulfide group, alkyl disulfide group group composed by removing R from the compound represented by the formula (I), and removing one hydrogen atom from fluoresamine.
• the number of substituents in the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 or more and 3 or less. Further, the substituent in the alkyl group may further have a substituent if possible. The substituents contained in the substituents are the same as the substituents in the alkyl group.
• the aryl group can be mentioned as the R of the formula (I).
• the aryl group is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and further preferably a phenyl group.
• the aryl group in R may have a substituent.
• substituent in the aryl group include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfonic acid group, a carbamoyl group and an arylcarbonyl group. Among them, at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfonic acid group, a carbamoyl group and an arylcarbonyl group is preferable.
• the number of substituents in the aryl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 or more and 3 or less. Further, the substituent in the aryl group may further have a substituent if possible. The substituents contained in the substituents are the same as the substituents in the aryl group. Further, if possible, the substituents in the aryl group may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure.
• the compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure may be obtained by chemical synthesis, or may be obtained by purifying from a culture of a filamentous fungus, for example, Stachybotrys microspora.
• a method for purifying the compound represented by the formula (I) from a culture of filamentous fungi for example, the object is from a culture obtained when a predetermined added organic amino compound is added to a culture solution of Stachybotrys microspora.
• Methods include purifying the compounds of. These methods are described, for example, in JP-A-2004-224737, JP-A-2004-224738, and International Publication No. 2007/111203.
• the compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure may be an enantiomer, a diastereomer, and a mixture of enantiomers or diastereomers.
• the enantiomers, diastereomers, and mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers may be obtained by chemical synthesis or by purification from a culture of filamentous fungi. When it is obtained by purification from a culture of filamentous fungi, isomers corresponding to each can be obtained by using D-form or L-form of the added organic amino compound added to the medium of filamentous fungi.
• the compound represented by the formula (I) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (IA).
• X is -CHY-C (CH 3 ) 2 Z, and Y and Z are independently -H or -OH, or together to form a single bond.
• R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.
• R in formula (IA) is synonymous with R in formula (I), and so is the preferred embodiment.
• X 1 is -CHY-C (CH 3 ) 2 Z, and Y and Z are independently -H or -OH, or together to form a single bond.
• R 1 represents any one of the following (A) to (D).
• Residues excluding one amino group (excluding- (CH) 2- OH)
• B Includes an aromatic group or a secondary amino group having at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, a sulfonic acid group and a secondary amino group as a substituent or as a part of the substituent. And an aromatic group that may contain a nitrogen atom
• C Aromatic amino acid residues represented by the following formula (II-1) (in the formula, R 3 is a substituent that may or may not be present independently, and if present, a hydroxy group. , A carboxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 0 or 1, m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and * represents a bond site),.
• L 1 represents a linking group having a carboxy group and having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• L 2 is -NH-.
• R 4 is or 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl alkyl group having an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms below It represents a polyheterocyclic group represented by the formula (II-2)).
• the above (A) is selected from the group consisting of a natural amino acid, a D-form of a natural amino acid, and a compound in which at least one carboxy group is replaced with a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or a hydroxymethyl group in the D-form of a natural amino acid and a natural amino acid. It is a residue obtained by removing one amino group from the amino compound (excluding ⁇ (CH) 2- OH).
• the natural amino acid is not particularly limited as long as it is a naturally occurring amino acid, and examples thereof include ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid and ⁇ -amino acid.
• Such amino acids may be obtained from natural products, or may be artificially obtained by a method such as organic synthesis.
• natural amino acids for example, as ⁇ -amino acids, glycine, alanine, threonine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, cysteine, cystine, methionine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glutamine, arginine, lysine, hydroxylysine, ornithine, citrulin.
• ⁇ -amino acids include ⁇ -alanine and the like.
• ⁇ -amino acid include ⁇ -aminobutyric acid and carnitine.
• ⁇ -amino acid include 5-aminolevulinic acid and 5-aminovaleric acid.
• Examples of the compound in which at least one carboxy group is replaced with a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or a hydroxymethyl group in the above-mentioned natural amino acid or D-form of a natural amino acid include aminoalcohol and amine.
• Examples of such amino alcohols include 2-aminoethanol and the like.
• the above (B) is an aromatic group having at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, a sulfonic acid group and a secondary amino group as a substituent or as a part of the substituent, or a secondary amino. It is an aromatic group that contains a group and may contain a nitrogen atom. Examples of the aromatic group include a group represented by the following structural formula. In each structural formula, * represents a binding site.
• (II) the compound in the case where R 1 is (C) will be described.
• (C) is a formula (II-1) an aromatic amino acid residue (wherein R 3 is not to be substituents even represented, if present, hydroxy group, carboxy It represents at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a group and an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
• N represents an integer of 0 or 1
• m represents an integer of 0 to 5
• * represents a bond site.
• the above alkyl group may further have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a hydroxy group, an alkenyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a sulfhydryl group, and the like (in this case, R 1 ).
• the nitrogen atom to be bonded corresponds to the amino group of the aromatic amino acid).
• Examples of the aromatic amino acid residue represented by the above formula (II-1) include a group represented by the following structural formula. * Represents the binding site.
• X 2 and X 3 are independently -CHY-C (CH 3 ) 2 Z, and Y and Z are independently -H or -OH, or together.
• R 2 is a D-form of a natural amino acid having two amino groups, a D-form of a natural amino acid having two amino groups, and a D-form of a natural amino acid having two amino groups and a natural amino acid having two amino groups.
• the n represents an integer of 0 to 9, preferably an integer of 0 to 6, more preferably an integer of 1 to 5, and even more preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
• the m represents an integer of 0 to 9, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.
• the p represents an integer of 0 to 9, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.
• the q represents an integer of 0 to 9, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.
• m + q is preferably an integer of 0 to 9, more preferably an integer of 0 to 6, still more preferably an integer of 1 to 5, and particularly preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
• Examples of natural amino acids having two amino groups include hydroxylysine, citrulline, cystine, homocystine, diaminopimelic acid, diaminopropionic acid, lysine and ornithine as ⁇ -amino acids.
• H 2 N- (CH) 2 ) k- NH 2 H 2 N- (CH) 2 ) k- NH 2 (k is an integer of 1 to 10, preferably an integer of 1 to 6, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 4).
• the compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (II) or the formula (III).
• specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (I) include the compounds shown in Tables 6 to 8 below.
• the compounds represented by the formula (I) include SMTP-0, SMTP-1, SMTP-4, SMTP-5D, SMTP-6, SMTP-7, SMTP-8, and SMTP-11 to 14. Selected from the group consisting of SMTP-18-29, SMTP-36, SMTP-37, SMTP-42, SMTP-43, SMTP-43D, SMTP-44, SMTP-44D, SMTP-46 and SMTP-47. It is preferable to include at least one.
• the compound represented by the formula (I) more preferably contains SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D.
• the compound represented by the formula (I) may contain either SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D, or may contain both SMTP-27 and SMTP-44D.
• the compounds of formula (I) used in the present disclosure are included in the drug in free form, in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters, or in the form of solvates.
• Inorganic or organic acids are suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) used in the present disclosure.
• the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
• the organic acid include citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
• a compound containing an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, or an alkaline earth metal, a basic amine, or a basic amino acid is also a compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure.
• an alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a carboxylic acid, preferably methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, propionic acid or the like is a pharmaceutical compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure.
• water or the like is suitable for forming a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate of the compound represented by the formula (I) used in the present disclosure.
• the description of specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (I) such as SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D described above includes the forms such as salts thereof.
• the types of carriers and pharmaceutical additives used in the preparation of the agents according to the present disclosure are not particularly limited.
• the agent according to the present disclosure includes a compound represented by the formula (I) according to the present disclosure, a pharmaceutically acceptable solid carrier (for example, gelatin or lactose), or a liquid carrier (for example, water, physiological saline). Alternatively, it may be formulated using an aqueous glucose solution).
• the drug according to the present disclosure may be used as a pharmaceutical composition.
• the type of pharmaceutical additive used in the pharmaceutical composition containing the agent according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited.
• the pharmaceutical composition containing the drug according to the present disclosure includes a compound represented by the formula (I) according to the present disclosure, a pharmaceutically acceptable solid carrier (for example, gelatin or lactose), or a liquid carrier (for example, for example). , Water, saline solution or aqueous glucose solution) may be a pharmaceutical composition.
• the agent according to the present disclosure has an effective amount of 0.001 mg / kg to 200 mg / kg per 1 kg of body weight per adult, although it depends on the type of the compound used as the active ingredient and the severity of diabetic complications. Administration is preferred, 0.01 mg / kg to 60 mg / kg is more preferred, and 0.1 mg / kg to 50 mg / kg is even more preferred.
• the number of administrations is not particularly limited, and it may be used as a single administration, repeated administrations, or continuous administrations.
• the administration interval and administration period can be selected by those skilled in the art according to clinical findings, imaging findings, blood findings, coexisting diseases or medical history. In the present disclosure, for example, when the effective amount or dose per 1 kg of body weight is 0.001 mg, the effective amount or dose is expressed as "0.001 mg / kg" or "0.001 mg / kg body weight". Sometimes.
• continuous administration may be performed for up to 24 hours per day from the viewpoint that the affected area is in continuous contact with the drug according to the present disclosure.
• the method of administration is not particularly limited, and various administration routes such as intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration or oral administration can be selected.
• intravenous administration specifically, intravenous injection or infusion may be used from the viewpoint of rapidly and surely administering a desired dose to the patient.
• a method can be adopted in which 10% of the single dose is rapidly intravenously infused and 90% of the single dose is infused over 30 minutes to 1 hour.
• the drug according to the present disclosure is a drug used for diabetic complications.
• the agent according to the present disclosure may be used for two or more types of diabetic complications described later.
• diabetic complications include diabetic neuropathy, diabetic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, arteriosclerosis, diabetic foot lesions, cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction.
• the agents according to the present disclosure can be suitably used for diabetic neuropathy and diabetic kidney disease.
• the diabetic neuropathy includes multiple neuropathy and mononeuropathy. Examples of multiple neuropathy include sensory neuropathy, motor neuropathy, and autonomic neuropathy, and the agents according to the present disclosure can be suitably used for any diabetic neuropathy.
• diabetic nephropathy can be mentioned as an example.
• diabetic nephropathy means that the eGFR value (ml / min / 1.73 m 2 ), which is the converted glomerular filtration rate calculated from the serum creatinine level, age, and gender, is 30 or more and less than 90, and the urinary albumin level.
• the eGFR value (ml / min / 1.73 m 2 ) is 30 or more and less than 90
• the urinary albumin value (mg / gCr) is 30 or more, and the eGFR value (ml / min / 1).
• the agent according to the present disclosure can be suitably used for any diabetic kidney disease.
• the urinary albumin value can be calculated by urinary albumin (g / dL) / creatinine (mg / dL), and the urinary albumin amount can be measured by using an immunoturbidimetric method, a latex aggregation method, or the like.
• the male eGFR value can be calculated from 194 ⁇ (serum creatinine value ⁇ 1.094 ) ⁇ (age ⁇ 0.287 ).
• the female eGFR value can be calculated from 194 x (serum creatinine level- 1.094 ) x (age -0.287 ) x 0.739.
• the serum creatinine level can be measured by using a commercially available kit such as LabAssay TM Creatinine, an enzyme method, a Jaffe method, or the like.
• the agent according to the present disclosure may be an agent used for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications, but more preferably an agent used for the treatment or prevention of diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease.
• treatment may be any improvement or suppression of symptoms, and suppression of aggravation and reduction or alleviation of symptoms are also included in this term.
• prevention means inhibition of onset, reduction of onset risk, delay of onset, and the like.
• used for diabetic complications means that it is used when symptoms due to diabetic complications are found and when symptoms due to diabetic complications are predicted to occur.
• the agents according to the present disclosure are used to treat symptoms due to diabetic complications, suppress the progression of the symptoms, or alleviate the symptoms.
• the agents according to the present disclosure are used in combination depending on the time of use or the symptoms at the time of use, and are not interpreted in a limited manner.
• the symptoms due to diabetic complications are found, or when the symptoms due to diabetic complications are predicted to occur, the cases may be mentioned during or after the treatment of diabetes.
• urine sugar is not confirmed (so-called urine sugar negative), hyperglycemia is also included in this case. If there is a possibility of diabetic complications, it may be used without being limited to the above-mentioned time.
• hypoglycemia means that any of group A is satisfied, group B is satisfied, or group A is satisfied, and group B is also satisfied. Alternatively, it means that the group C is satisfied and any of the group D is satisfied. Or, it means that both of the E groups are satisfied.
• Group A ⁇ Fasting blood glucose level is 126 mg / dL or higher ⁇ 75 g
• blood glucose level 2 hours after glucose tolerance is 200 mg / dL or higher ⁇ Anytime blood glucose level is 200 mg / dL or higher
• Group B ⁇ Hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) is 6.5% or more of total hemoglobin C group ⁇ Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is less than 6.5% of total hemoglobin D group
• HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c
• Fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg / dL to 125 mg / dL -At 75 g OGTT
• the blood glucose level 2 hours after glucose loading was 140 mg / dL to 199 mg / dL.
• Group E ⁇ Fasting blood glucose is 100 mg / dL to 109 mg / dL ⁇ HbA1c is 5.6% to 5.9% of total hemoglobin
• the diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease includes diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease due to type 1 diabetes and diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes.
• the agent according to the present disclosure can be used for any of them, but can be suitably used for diabetic neuropathy due to type 2 diabetes or diabetic kidney disease.
• the agents according to the present disclosure can also be used prophylactically even when diabetic complications other than diabetic neuropathy or diabetic kidney disease have developed.
• the drug according to the present disclosure may be used without being limited to human use. As other application targets, it may be used for domestic animals such as cows, horses and sheep, and non-human animals such as pets such as dogs, cats and monkeys.
• the agents according to the present disclosure may be used alone or in combination with other agents used for at least one or more diabetic complications.
• Other drugs used for diabetic complications include drugs that control blood glucose levels, drugs that suppress the increase in polyol metabolic activity, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antispasmodics. Examples thereof include drugs used for conventionally known diabetic complications such as antiarrhythmic drugs and drugs for treating neuropathic pain. It is expected that the therapeutic effect will be enhanced by using the drug according to the present disclosure in combination with another drug.
• the agent according to the present disclosure can be used at the same time as other agents or at different times.
• the drug according to the present disclosure may be a pharmaceutical composition contained in the drug in a free form, in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester, or in the form of a solvate.
• the method for treating or preventing the present disclosure is preferably a method for treating or preventing diabetic complications using a drug used for treating or preventing diabetic complications.
• the method of treating or preventing the present disclosure comprises administering an effective amount of the agent according to the present disclosure to a subject having diabetic complications or at risk of developing diabetic complications.
• the treatment method or preventive method according to the present disclosure has effects such as suppression of aggravation of diabetic complications, reduction or alleviation of symptoms, inhibition of onset of diabetic complications, reduction of onset risk or delay of onset. Be done.
• the aspects such as the dose, administration interval, administration period, and administration method of the drug according to the present disclosure in the therapeutic method or the preventive method according to the present disclosure are the same as those aspects in the above-mentioned agent according to the present disclosure.
• the therapeutic or prophylactic method according to the present disclosure is applicable to any of the above diabetic complications.
• Compound Another aspect of the present disclosure is preferably a drug used for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications, the above-mentioned compound represented by the above formula (I) for treating or preventing diabetic complications. ..
• Yet another aspect of the disclosure is the use of the compound of formula (I) in the manufacture of a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diabetic complications.
• the details of the usage and the like for treating or preventing diabetic complications are the same as the above-mentioned method for treating or preventing diabetic complications, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
• SMTP-27, SMTP-44D, edaravone, pregabalin, and metformin For the production of SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D, the method described in JP-A-2004-224738 was used. The culture obtained when 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid or D-4-hydroxyphenylglycine is added as an added organic amino compound to the medium of Stachybotrys microspora IFO30018 strain is purified to purify SMTP-27 or SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D was obtained.
• SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D To the dry product of SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D obtained by purification, add 0.3 N (0.3 mol / L) aqueous NaOH solution and physiological saline (0.9% NaCl to water) to 50 mg. A / mL solution was prepared. Then, using a 0.3 N (0.3 mol / L) HCl aqueous solution and physiological saline, adjust the concentration of SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D to 10 mg / mL and the pH to be weakly alkaline, and perform filtration sterilization. It was divided into small portions and stored frozen at ⁇ 30 ° C. SMTP-27 or SMTP-44D was diluted with physiological saline and used as needed.
• cryopreserved product was dissolved in 1 mg / mL with physiological saline immediately before the test.
• Edaravone (trade name: Radicut, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation) used a 1.5 mg / mL stock solution.
• pregabalin (trade name: Lyrica OD Tablets 25 mg, Pfizer Japan Inc.)
• Metformin (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) used bulk powder.
• the above drugs were prepared and diluted with physiological saline as needed.
• Example 1 Test using a diabetic neuropathy model animal
• STZ Streptozotocin
• STZ administration 0 week One week after administration of streptozotocin, blood was collected from the tail vein of mice, and the blood glucose level (BS) was measured using an autologous blood glucose meter (product name: Medisafe (registered trademark) Mini GR-102, manufactured by Terumo Corporation). It was measured. Mice having a blood glucose level of 400 mg / dL or more were designated as diabetic mice.
• the day of streptozotocin (STZ) administration is set to the 0th week.
• Non-diabetic mice were produced in the same manner as diabetic mice except for the above.
• mice prepared above were referred to as STZ group, SMTP-44D (0.3 mg / kg) group, SMTP-44D (3 mg / kg) group, SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group, edaravone group, and Twelve animals were randomly assigned to each group as the pregabalin group. In addition, 12 non-diabetic mice were used as a control group.
• the term "SMTP-44D group” refers to the three groups of the SMTP-44D (0.3 mg / kg) group, the SMTP-44D (3 mg / kg) group, and the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group. May mean something else.
• the SMPP-44D group, edaravone group, and pregabalin group received SMPP-44D (0.3 mg / kg, 3 mg / kg, or 30 mg / kg, respectively) from the day after the first week to the fourth week after STZ administration. ), Edaravone (dose of 10 mg / kg), or pregabalin (dose of 10 mg / kg) was intraperitoneally administered once a day for 3 consecutive weeks.
• physiological saline was intraperitoneally administered once a day for 3 consecutive weeks from the day following the 1st week after the administration of STZ to the 4th week.
• physiological saline was intraperitoneally administered once a day at the same time as the administration of physiological saline in the STZ group for 3 consecutive weeks.
• the streptozotocin (STZ) administration date was set to week 0, and every week from week 0 to week 4 (that is, total). The following measurements were made 5 times).
• the following von Frey test and hot plate test were performed, and the hind plantar blood flow rate, body weight (BW), and blood glucose level (BS) using the above-mentioned self-blood glucose measuring device were measured.
• the 0th week represents the 0th day, that is, the measurement was performed on the 0th day, the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day, and the 28th day.
• the measurement results of body weight (BW) and blood glucose level (BS) are shown in Table 9.
• BW body weight
• BS blood glucose level
• sciatic nerve, oxidative stress (MAlondialdehyde; MDA), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF- ⁇ , IL-1 ⁇ , and IL-6) were measured.
• mice in the STZ group, the SMTP-44D group, the edaravone group, the pregabalin group, and the control group were each placed in a grid-like box and allowed to stand for 30 minutes. After standing, an acrylic disk (diameter; 20 cm, height (that is, thickness of the acrylic disk); 25 cm) was placed on an EC hot plate (model number: EC1200) maintained at 49 ° C to 50 ° C, and inside the acrylic disk. I put the mouse in. The measurement was started after the mouse landed on the EC hot plate. The time from landing of the mouse to the movement of the mouse to jump or lick the hind limbs was evaluated as a thermal threshold value (seconds; s).
• the measurement was completed 30 seconds after the start of the measurement. The measurement was performed three times at intervals of 30 minutes. After calculating the average value of the thermal threshold (seconds; s) three times for one mouse, the average value of 12 mice in each group was calculated. The measurement results are shown in Table 10.
• mice in the STZ group, SMTP-44D group, edaravone group, pregabalin group, and control group were subjected to hind plantar blood flow (PU) under isoflurane anesthesia using a Full-Field Laser Perfusion Imager. It was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 10.
• mice in the STZ group, SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group, edaravone group, pregabalin group, and control group were dissected, and the sciatic nerve was removed.
• the sciatic nerve was fixed with neutral buffered formalin, embedded in epon resin, and semicin sections were prepared and stained with toluidine blue.
• the cross section of the sciatic nerve was microscopically examined at a magnification of 400 using a microscope equipped with a digital camera.
• the thickness of myelin ((diameter of axon containing myelin-diameter of axon) / 2) and G-ratio (diameter of axon / diameter of axon containing myelin) were measured. The results are shown in Table 11.
• the ELISA Assay Kit was used for the TNF- ⁇ concentration, the IL-1 ⁇ concentration, and the IL-6 concentration.
• Total protein concentration was measured using the Pierce TM BCA Protein Assay Kit.
• the levels of inflammatory cytokines in total protein are TNF- ⁇ concentration (pg / mL), IL-1 ⁇ concentration (pg / mL), IL-6 concentration (pg / mL), and total protein. Calculated from the concentration ( ⁇ g / mL). The results are shown in Table 11.
• Example 2 Test using a diabetic nephropathy model animal
• Male db / db mice (16 weeks old) were used as type 2 diabetes model mice.
• the right abdomen is incised about 2 cm under isoflurane anesthesia, the renal arteries and veins and ureters are ligated, and then the right kidney is removed. It was used as a model mouse.
• male C57BL / 6J mice (16 weeks old) were used.
• the diabetic nephropathy model mice prepared above were used as the DN group, the SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) group, the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group, and the metformin group, with 6 mice per group. Randomly assigned. In addition, the above 6 male C57BL / 6J mice were used as a control group.
• the SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) and SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) groups are from 6 to 16 weeks of age with SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg dose) or SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg). The dose) was administered intraperitoneally (ip) once every two days for 10 consecutive weeks.
• physiological saline was intraperitoneally administered once every two days for 10 consecutive weeks from the 6th week to the 16th week.
• metformin 300 mg / kg was orally administered once a day for 10 consecutive weeks (ip) from 6 to 16 weeks of age.
• mice in the DN group, SMTP-27 group, SMTP-44D group, metformin group, and control group had body weight (BW), blood glucose level (BS), urine volume (UF), and urinary albumin. (Alb), serum creatinine (Scr), creatinine clearance (Ccr), and tubular regeneration score were measured.
• creatinine clearance (Ccr; mL / dL) was measured by measuring serum creatinine concentration (Scr; mg / dL) and urinary creatinine concentration (Ucr; mg / dL) using LabAssay TM Creatinine. min) was calculated.
• Urine albumin concentration (Ualb; mg / hr / kg) was measured using Albuwell M. The measurement results are shown in Table 12.
• Kidney fixation was performed in a 10% neutral buffered formalin solution for Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining.
• HE Hematoxylin Eosin
• the paraffin block was sliced into 3 ⁇ m sections with a microtome, placed on a slide glass, the sections were stretched with a paraffin extender at 52 ° C., and dried sufficiently in a paraffin melter at 37 ° C. overnight.
• the sections were deparaffinized and washed with water, stained with Meyer's hematoxylin stain for 1 minute, and washed with running water for 15 minutes. Then, the sections were stained with an eosin stain for 45 seconds, dehydrated with 80% to 100% ethanol, permeated with xylene, and sealed with marinol.
• Specimens in each group were microscopically examined at 100x magnification using an optical microscope. Regenerated tubules were evaluated as 0 points for no lesions, 1 point for minor changes, 2 points for mild changes, 3 points for moderate changes, and 4 points for severe changes. Point) was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 12.
• Example 1 [Changes in body weight (BW) after administration of SMTP-44D, edaravone, or pregabalin]
• Control group body weight (week 0; 22.8 ⁇ 0.2 g, week 1; 22.8 ⁇ 0.1 g, week 2; 23.3 ⁇ 0.1 g, week 3; 23.75 ⁇ 0 .2 g, 4th week; 24.3 ⁇ 0.2 g) increased by 1.5 g between 0 and 4 weeks.
• the weight of the STZ group (0th week; 23.7 ⁇ 0.3g, 1st week; 21.8 ⁇ 0.3g, 2nd week; 21.25 ⁇ 0.4g, 3rd week; 20.8) ⁇ 0.6 g, 4th week; 20.1 ⁇ 0.5 g) decreased by 3.6 g between the 0th and 4th weeks.
• Weight of SMPP-44D (30 mg / kg) group (week 0; 23.0 ⁇ 0.4 g, week 1; 21.7 ⁇ 0.5 g, week 2; 21.6 ⁇ 0.5 g, 3 weeks Eyes; 21.3 ⁇ 0.6 g, 4 weeks; 21.5 ⁇ 0.5 g) decreased by 1.5 g between 0 and 4 weeks.
• the body weight of the edarabon (10 mg / kg) group (week 0; 23.4 ⁇ 0.3 g, week 1; 21.9 ⁇ 0.4 g, week 2; 21.6 ⁇ 0.4 g, 3 weeks Eyes; 21.3 ⁇ 0.5 g, 4 weeks; 21.0 ⁇ 0.5 g) decreased by 2.4 g between 0 and 4 weeks.
• Weight of the pregavalin (10 mg / kg) group (week 0; 21.8 ⁇ 0.3 g, week 1; 21.4 ⁇ 0.3 g, week 2; week 21.3 ⁇ 0.4 g, week 3; 21.0 ⁇ 0.2 g, 4th week; 20.4 ⁇ 0.2 g) decreased by 1.4 g between 0 and 4 weeks.
• Blood glucose level in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group (week 0; 203.5 ⁇ 5.5 mg / dL, week 1; 535.5 ⁇ 28.7 mg / dL, week 2; 597.3 ⁇ 44 .8 mg / dL, 3rd week; 638.7 ⁇ 34.2 mg / dL, 4th week; 580.3 ⁇ 42.9 mg / dL), blood glucose level in the edaravon (10 mg / kg) group (0th week; 221) .0 ⁇ 7.3 mg / dL, 1st week; 566.0 ⁇ 32.6 mg / dL, 2nd week; 567.5 ⁇ 28.0 mg / dL, 3rd week; 617.7 ⁇ 37.3 mg / dL , 4 weeks; 565.3 ⁇ 35.1 mg / dL, and blood glucose levels in the pregavalin (10 mg / kg) group (0 weeks; 192.2 ⁇ 5.3 mg / dL, 1
• Mechanical threshold of STZ group (0th week; 4.8 ⁇ 0.2g, 1st week; 4.1 ⁇ 0.2g, 2nd week; 3.3 ⁇ 0.2g, 3rd week; 3.4 ⁇ 0.2 g, 4th week; 3.4 ⁇ 0.2 g) is the mechanical threshold of the control group (0th week; 4.8 ⁇ 0.2 g, 1st week; 4.7 ⁇ 0.3 g, 2nd week; 4.7 ⁇ 0.2g, 3rd week; 4.9 ⁇ 0.2g, 4th week; 4.6 ⁇ 0.2g), which was significantly lower than that of the 1st week.
• Mechanical threshold of SMPT-44D (3 mg / kg) group (week 0; 4.9 ⁇ 0.2 g, week 1; 4.2 ⁇ 0.1 g, week 2; 4.0 ⁇ 0.1 g, 3rd week; 3.9 ⁇ 0.2g, 4th week; 4.0 ⁇ 0.1g), mechanical threshold of SMTP-44D (30mg / kg) group (0th week; 4.9 ⁇ 0.1g) , 1st week; 3.9 ⁇ 0.2g, 2nd week; 5.4 ⁇ 0.1g, 3rd week; 5.3 ⁇ 0.1g, 4th week; 5.2 ⁇ 0.1g), Mechanical threshold of the edarabon (10 mg / kg) group (week 0; 5.1 ⁇ 0.1 g, week 1; 4.1 ⁇ 0.1 g, week 2; 4.6 ⁇ 0.2 g, 3 weeks Eyes; 4.8 ⁇ 0.1 g, Week 4; 5.1 ⁇ 0.2 g), and mechanical thresholds for the pregavalin (10 mg
• Thermal threshold of STZ group (0th week; 20.6 ⁇ 1.0s, 1st week; 16.4 ⁇ 0.9s, 2nd week; 14.1 ⁇ 1.3s, 3rd week; 12.6 ⁇ 0.8s, 4th week; 13.0 ⁇ 1.2s) is the thermal threshold of the control group (0th week; 20.8 ⁇ 0.8s, 1st week; 21.2 ⁇ 0.8s, Compared with 2nd week; 19.6 ⁇ 1.0s, 3rd week; 20.0 ⁇ 0.9s, 4th week; 20.4 ⁇ 0.9s), it decreased significantly from the 1st week.
• Thermal threshold of SMPT-44D (30 mg / kg) group (week 0; 21.3 ⁇ 0.4 s, week 1; 15.0 ⁇ 0.7 s, week 2; 18.0 ⁇ 1.2 s, 3rd week; 18.4 ⁇ 1.3s, 4th week; 18.2 ⁇ 1.1s) and thermal threshold of the pregavalin (10mg / kg) group (0th week; 22.2 ⁇ 0.8s, 1) Weeks; 15.7 ⁇ 0.7s, 2nd week; 17.3 ⁇ 1.1s, 3rd week; 17.7 ⁇ 0.9s, 4th week; 17.9 ⁇ 1.1s) Significant improvement was observed from the second week compared with the group.
• Hindfoot blood flow in the STZ group (0th week; 230.9 ⁇ 13.6PU, 1st week; 128.9 ⁇ 10.6PU, 2nd week; 141.7 ⁇ 7.2PU, 3rd week; 130 .7 ⁇ 10.2 PU, 4th week; 122.5 ⁇ 7.3 PU) is the hindfoot blood flow in the control group (0th week; 186.8 ⁇ 18.8 PU, 1st week; 213.1 ⁇ 16.1 PU, 2nd week; 200.2 ⁇ 9.7 PU, 3rd week; 197.5 ⁇ 17.6 PU, 4th week; 188.5 ⁇ 8.6 PU), significant from 1st week Decreased to.
• Hindplantar blood flow in the SMTP-44D (0.3 mg / kg) group did not show any significant improvement as compared with the STZ group.
• Hindfoot blood flow in the SMPP-44D (3 mg / kg) group did not show any significant improvement as compared with the STZ group.
• Hindfoot blood flow in the SMPP-44D (3 mg / kg) group did not show any significant improvement as compared with the STZ group.
• Hindfoot blood flow in the SMPP-44D (3 mg / kg) group (week 0; 210.7 ⁇ 14.1 PU, week 1; 154.8 ⁇ 12.8 PU, week 2; 169.3 ⁇ 7.
• Hindplantar blood flow in the pregabalin (10 mg / kg) group (week 0; 214.2 ⁇ 7.6 PU, week 1; 159.8 ⁇ 6.3 PU, week 2; 144.7 ⁇ 8.3 PU, The 3rd week; 152.7 ⁇ 9.5PU, the 4th week; 151.2 ⁇ 8.0PU) showed a significant improvement from the 4th week as compared with the STZ group.
• the sciatic nerve blood flow (1461.0 ⁇ 55.0 PU) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group and the sciatic nerve blood flow (1336.1 ⁇ 46.7 PU) in the edaravon (10 mg / kg) group were the same as those in the STZ group. In comparison, a significant improvement was observed.
• Sciatic nerve conduction velocity (54.9 ⁇ 1.2 m / s) in the SMTP-44D (0.3 mg / kg) group, sciatic nerve conduction velocity (56.9 ⁇ 2.8 m) in the SMTP-44D (3 mg / kg) group
• the sciatic nerve conduction velocity (55.9 ⁇ 1.4 m / s) in the / s) and pregavalin (10 mg / kg) groups was not significantly improved compared to the STZ group.
• Sciatic nerve conduction velocity (63.8 ⁇ 2.0 m / s) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group and sciatic nerve conduction velocity (63.6 ⁇ 1.8 m / s) in the edarabon (10 mg / kg) group.
• the myelin thickness (1.29 ⁇ 0.03 ⁇ m) in the pregabalin (10 mg / kg) group was not significantly improved as compared with the STZ group. It was found that the G-ratio (0.657 ⁇ 0.004) in the STZ group was significantly increased as compared with the G-ratio (0.556 ⁇ 0.008) in the control group. G-ratio (0.585 ⁇ 0.004) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group and G-ratio (0.619 ⁇ 0.005) in the edaravone (10 mg / kg) group were compared with the STZ group. A significant improvement was observed. G-ratio (0.665 ⁇ 0.006) in the pregabalin (10 mg / kg) group did not show any significant improvement compared to the STZ group.
• Oxidative stress (2.98 ⁇ 0.39 nmol / mg protein) in the edaravone (10 mg / kg) group and oxidative stress (4.02 ⁇ 0.59 nmol / mg protein) in the pregabalin (10 mg / kg) group were the same as those in the STZ group. No significant improvement was observed in comparison.
• TNF- ⁇ 26.35 ⁇ 3.01 pg / mg protein
• IL-6 228.39 ⁇ 16.83 pg / mg protein
• TNF- ⁇ 9.68 ⁇ 0.85 pg
• TNF- ⁇ (15.22 ⁇ 2.51 pg / mg protein) and IL-6 (143.41 ⁇ 8.08 pg / mg protein) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group, and edaravon (10 mg / kg) group.
• .41 pg / mg protein) and IL-6 (166.60 ⁇ 13.57 pg / mg protein) showed a significant improvement as compared with the STZ group.
• IL-1 ⁇ (48.42 ⁇ 8.12 pg / mg protein) in the STZ group was significantly increased as compared with IL-1 ⁇ (11.89 ⁇ 2.01 pg / mg protein) in the control group.
• IL-1 ⁇ (24.90 ⁇ 4.05 pg / mg protein) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group and IL-1 ⁇ (24.54 ⁇ 4.52 pg / mg protein) in the edaravone (10 mg / kg) group A significant improvement was observed as compared with the STZ group.
• IL-1 ⁇ (58.04 ⁇ 4.47 pg / mg protein) in the pregabalin (10 mg / kg) group did not show any significant improvement as compared with the STZ group.
• Urinary albumin (0.9 ⁇ 0.3 mg / hr / kg) in the DN group was significantly increased as compared with urinary albumin (0.4 ⁇ 0.1 mg / hr / kg) in the control group. It was confirmed that there was.
• Urine albumin (0.3 ⁇ 0.1 mg / hr / kg) in the SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) group, urinary albumin (0.3 ⁇ 0.1 mg / kg) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group The urinary albumin (0.1 ⁇ 0.0 mg / hr / kg) in the / kg) and metformin (300 mg / kg) groups showed a significant improvement as compared with the DN group. It was found that the serum creatinine (0.8 ⁇ 0.0 mg / dL) in the DN group was significantly increased as compared with the serum creatinine (0.3 ⁇ 0.0 mg / dL) in the control group. ..
• Serum creatinine (0.4 ⁇ 0.1 mg / dL) in the SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) group and serum creatinine (0.4 ⁇ 0.1 mg / dL) in the SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group are DN.
• Significant improvement was observed compared to the group.
• Serum creatinine (0.6 ⁇ 0.0 mg / dL) in the metformin (300 mg / kg) group did not show a significant improvement compared to the DN group. It was found that the creatinine clearance (24.9 ⁇ 1.8 ⁇ L / min) in the DN group was significantly lower than that in the control group (59.9 ⁇ 7.4 ⁇ L / min). ..
• SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) group creatinine clearance (37.4 ⁇ 4.9 ⁇ L / min), SMTP-44D (30 mg / kg) group creatinine clearance (34.7 ⁇ 7.5 ⁇ L / min), metformin (34.7 ⁇ 7.5 ⁇ L / min)
• the creatinine clearance (23.5 ⁇ 3.0 ⁇ L / min) in the 300 mg / kg) group was not significantly improved as compared with the DN group. It was found that the tubular regeneration score (0.7 ⁇ 0.2 points) in the DN group was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.2 ⁇ 0.2 points). Was done.
• the tubular regeneration score (0.0 ⁇ 0.0 points) of the SMTP-27 (30 mg / kg) group was significantly improved as compared with the DN group.
• the tubular regeneration score (0.5 ⁇ 0.2 points) of the metformin (300 mg / kg) group was not significantly improved as compared with the DN group.
• the SMTP-44D group showed a dose-dependent improvement effect on diabetic neuropathy equal to or higher than that of the edaravone group and the pregabalin group. Furthermore, the SMTP-27 group and the SMTP-44D group have been shown to have an improving effect on diabetic kidney disease equal to or higher than that of the metformin group. From the above results, it can be seen that the drug containing the compound represented by the formula (I) according to the present disclosure has a therapeutic effect and a preventive effect on diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy and diabetic kidney disease. Recognize.

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