WO2020184083A1 - Film polarisant, plaque polarisante et procédé de fabrication de film polarisant - Google Patents

Film polarisant, plaque polarisante et procédé de fabrication de film polarisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020184083A1
WO2020184083A1 PCT/JP2020/006246 JP2020006246W WO2020184083A1 WO 2020184083 A1 WO2020184083 A1 WO 2020184083A1 JP 2020006246 W JP2020006246 W JP 2020006246W WO 2020184083 A1 WO2020184083 A1 WO 2020184083A1
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Prior art keywords
polarizing film
stretching
pva
based resin
treatment
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PCT/JP2020/006246
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
かおる ▲黒▼原
後藤　周作
善則 南川
Original Assignee
日東電工株式会社
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Application filed by 日東電工株式会社 filed Critical 日東電工株式会社
Priority to JP2021504861A priority Critical patent/JP7267396B2/ja
Priority to KR1020217028175A priority patent/KR20210137019A/ko
Priority to CN202080017275.XA priority patent/CN113508317A/zh
Publication of WO2020184083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020184083A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polarizing film, a polarizing plate, and a method for producing the polarizing film.
  • a liquid crystal display device which is a typical image display device, has polarizing films arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal cell due to the image forming method.
  • a method for producing a polarizing film for example, a method in which a laminate having a resin base material and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -based resin layer is stretched and then dyed to obtain a polarizing film on the resin base material is used. It has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). According to such a method, a thin polarizing film can be obtained, which is attracting attention as it can contribute to the thinning of image display devices in recent years. However, the thin polarizing film has a problem that the shrinkage is large and cracks are likely to occur in a high temperature environment.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and a main object thereof is to obtain a polarizing film, a polarizing plate, and a method for producing such a polarizing film in which shrinkage and cracking are suppressed in a high temperature environment. To provide.
  • the polarizing film of the present invention is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film containing iodine, and contains 0.1% by weight to 1.0% by weight of alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher.
  • the alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher is at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin and ethylene glycol.
  • the polarizing film has a thickness of 8 ⁇ m or less.
  • a polarizing plate is provided. This polarizing plate has the above-mentioned polarizing film and a protective layer arranged on at least one side of the polarizing film.
  • a method for producing the above-mentioned polarizing film comprising immersing the polarizing film in a treatment solution containing an alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher.
  • the production method further comprises introducing the alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher into the polarizing film and then heating the laminate.
  • the stretching comprises stretching in water.
  • the present invention by introducing alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher into the polarizing film, it is possible to obtain a polarizing film in which shrinkage and cracking are suppressed in a high temperature environment.
  • the polarizing film according to the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -based resin film containing iodine, and contains 0.1 alcohol having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher (hereinafter, may be referred to as high boiling point alcohol). Contains% to 1.0% by weight.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • Contains% to 1.0% by weight When the polarizing film contains such a high boiling point alcohol in a predetermined amount, it is possible to obtain a polarizing film in which shrinkage and cracking are suppressed in a high temperature environment.
  • Such a high boiling point alcohol can be typically introduced into the polarizing film between the underwater stretching treatment and the drying shrinkage treatment, as will be described later in Section C regarding the production method.
  • the high boiling point alcohol functions as a plasticizer, the flexibility of the finally obtained polarizing film is improved, and shrinkage can be suppressed in a high temperature environment. It is presumed that cracks can also be suppressed.
  • the content of the high boiling point alcohol in the polarizing film is preferably 0.1% by weight to 0.9% by weight, more preferably 0.1% by weight to 0.8% by weight, and further preferably 0. It is 2% by weight to 0.7% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.2% by weight to 0.6% by weight. If the content is too low, the effect of high boiling alcohol may not be obtained. If the content is too high, the degree of polarization may decrease significantly in a high temperature and high humidity environment.
  • the boiling point of the high boiling point alcohol is 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably 180 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 250 ° C. or higher.
  • the upper limit of the boiling point can be, for example, 310 ° C.
  • high boiling point alcohols include higher alcohols, alcohols having a ring structure (for example, aromatic alcohols and alicyclic alcohols), and polyhydric alcohols. Specific examples include glycerin, ethylene glycol, butanol, phenol, and pentanol.
  • the high boiling point alcohol may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Preferred are glycerin and ethylene glycol. These can impart good flexibility to the resulting polarizing film and, as a result, suppress shrinkage and cracking in a high temperature environment.
  • the thickness of the polarizing film is, for example, 8 ⁇ m or less, preferably 7 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the polarizing film can be 1 ⁇ m in one embodiment and 2 ⁇ m in another embodiment.
  • the polarizing film preferably exhibits absorption dichroism at any wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm.
  • the simple substance transmittance of the polarizing film is preferably 42.0% or more, more preferably 42.5% or more, and further preferably 43.0% or more. On the other hand, the simple substance transmittance is preferably 47.0% or less, and more preferably 46.0% or less.
  • the degree of polarization of the polarizing film is preferably 99.90% or more, more preferably 99.95% or more. On the other hand, the degree of polarization is preferably 99.998% or less.
  • the simple substance transmittance is typically a Y value measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and corrected for luminosity factor.
  • the single transmittance is a value when the refractive index of one surface of the polarizing plate is converted to 1.50 and the refractive index of the other surface is converted to 1.53.
  • the degree of polarization is typically calculated by the following formula based on the parallel transmittance Tp and the orthogonal transmittance Tc measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and corrected for luminosity factor.
  • Polarization degree (%) ⁇ (Tp-Tc) / (Tp + Tc) ⁇ 1/2 x 100
  • the polarizing film has a shrinkage rate in the absorption axis direction after heating at a temperature of 85 ° C. for 120 hours, preferably 0.20% or less, more preferably 0.18% or less, still more preferably 0.16% or less. It is particularly preferably 0.14% or less. According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a polarizing film having a small shrinkage rate in such a high temperature environment.
  • the shrinkage rate is a shrinkage rate for a sample having a size of 10 cm in the absorption axis direction and 10 cm in the transmission axis direction.
  • the polarizing film may be produced by using a single resin film, or may be produced by using a laminate of two or more layers.
  • Specific examples of the polarizing film obtained by using the laminated body include a polarizing film obtained by using a laminated body of a resin base material and a PVA-based resin layer coated and formed on the resin base material.
  • the polarizing film obtained by using the laminate of the resin base material and the PVA-based resin layer coated and formed on the resin base material is, for example, a resin base material obtained by applying a PVA-based resin solution to the resin base material and drying it.
  • a PVA-based resin layer is formed on the PVA-based resin layer to obtain a laminate of a resin base material and a PVA-based resin layer; stretching and dyeing the laminate to form a PVA-based resin layer as a polarizing film. obtain.
  • a high boiling point alcohol is introduced into the polarizing film.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer containing a halide and a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is formed on one side of the resin base material.
  • Stretching typically includes immersing the laminate in an aqueous boric acid solution for stretching. Further, stretching may further include, if necessary, stretching the laminate in the air at a high temperature (eg, 95 ° C. or higher) prior to stretching in boric acid aqueous solution.
  • the laminate is subjected to a drying shrinkage treatment in which the laminate is shrunk by 2% or more in the width direction by heating while being conveyed in the longitudinal direction.
  • the production method of the present embodiment includes subjecting the laminate to an aerial auxiliary stretching treatment, a dyeing treatment, an underwater stretching treatment, and a drying shrinkage treatment in this order.
  • the crystallinity of PVA can be enhanced, and high optical characteristics can be achieved.
  • by increasing the orientation of PVA in advance it is possible to prevent problems such as deterioration of PVA orientation and dissolution when immersed in water in a subsequent dyeing step or stretching step, resulting in high optical characteristics. Will be possible to achieve.
  • the PVA-based resin layer is immersed in a liquid, the disorder of the orientation of the polyvinyl alcohol molecules and the decrease in the orientation can be suppressed as compared with the case where the PVA-based resin layer does not contain a halide.
  • the obtained laminate of the resin base material / polarizing film may be used as it is (that is, the resin base material may be used as the protective layer of the polarizing film), or the resin base material is peeled off from the laminate of the resin base material / polarizing film. Then, an arbitrary appropriate protective layer according to the purpose may be laminated on the peeled surface. Details of the method for producing the polarizing film will be described later in Section C.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the polarizing plate 100 has a polarizing film 10, a first protective layer 20 arranged on one side of the polarizing film 10, and a second protective layer 30 arranged on the other side of the polarizing film 10.
  • the polarizing film 10 is the polarizing film of the present invention described in the above section A.
  • One of the first protective layer 20 and the second protective layer 30 may be omitted.
  • one of the first protective layer and the second protective layer may be a resin base material used for producing the above-mentioned polarizing film.
  • the first and second protective layers are formed of any suitable film that can be used as a protective layer for the polarizing film.
  • the material that is the main component of the film include cellulose-based resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based, polycarbonate-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polyethersulfone-based, and polysulfone-based. , Polystyrene-based, polycarbonate-based, polyolefin-based, (meth) acrylic-based, acetate-based transparent resins and the like.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • polyester-based polyvinyl alcohol-based
  • polycarbonate-based polyamide-based
  • polyimide-based polyimide-based
  • polyethersulfone-based polysulfone-based
  • thermosetting resins such as (meth) acrylic, urethane, (meth) acrylic urethane, epoxy, and silicone, or ultraviolet curable resins can also be mentioned.
  • glassy polymers such as siloxane-based polymers can also be mentioned.
  • the polymer film described in JP-A-2001-343529 (WO01 / 37007) can also be used.
  • a resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted imide group in the side chain and a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and a nitrile group in the side chain.
  • the polymer film can be, for example, an extruded product of the above resin composition.
  • the thickness of the protective layer (outer protective layer) arranged on the side opposite to the display panel is typically 300 ⁇ m or less, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less. It is 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the outer protective layer is the thickness including the thickness of the surface treatment layer.
  • the thickness of the protective layer (inner protective layer) arranged on the display panel side when the polarizing plate 100 is applied to the image display device is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and further preferably 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m. is there.
  • the inner protective layer is a retardation layer with any suitable retardation value.
  • the in-plane retardation Re (550) of the retardation layer is, for example, 110 nm to 150 nm.
  • nx is the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximized (that is, the slow-phase axis direction), and “ny” is the in-plane direction orthogonal to the slow-phase axis (that is, phase-advance). It is the refractive index in the axial direction), “nz” is the refractive index in the thickness direction, and “d” is the thickness (nm) of the layer (film).
  • a PVA-based resin solution is applied and dried on one side of a long thermoplastic resin base material to form a PVA-based resin layer. Includes: stretching and dyeing the laminate to form a PVA-based resin layer as a polarizing film; and introducing high-boiling alcohol into the polarizing film. By introducing a high boiling point alcohol, it is possible to realize a polarizing film in which shrinkage and cracking are suppressed in a high temperature environment.
  • the PVA-based resin solution further comprises a halide.
  • the above-mentioned production method comprises an aerial auxiliary stretching treatment, a dyeing treatment, an underwater stretching treatment, and a drying shrinkage treatment in which the laminate is shrunk by 2% or more in the width direction by heating while being conveyed in the longitudinal direction. Is included in this order.
  • the introduction of the high boiling point alcohol can preferably be carried out between the underwater stretching treatment and the drying shrinkage treatment.
  • the content of the halide in the PVA-based resin solution is preferably 5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin.
  • the drying shrinkage treatment is preferably carried out using a heating roll, and the temperature of the heating roll is preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C.
  • the shrinkage ratio in the width direction of the laminated body by the drying shrinkage treatment is preferably 2% or more.
  • the polarizing film described in the above item A can be obtained.
  • a polarizing film having excellent optical properties typically, single transmittance and unit absorbance
  • thermoplastic resin base material a thermoplastic resin base material and a PVA-based resin layer
  • any appropriate method can be adopted.
  • a coating liquid containing a halide and a PVA-based resin is applied to the surface of the thermoplastic resin base material and dried to form a PVA-based resin layer on the thermoplastic resin base material.
  • the content of the halide in the PVA-based resin layer is preferably 5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin.
  • any appropriate method can be adopted as the coating method of the coating liquid.
  • a roll coating method, a spin coating method, a wire bar coating method, a dip coating method, a die coating method, a curtain coating method, a spray coating method, a knife coating method (comma coating method, etc.) and the like can be mentioned.
  • the coating / drying temperature of the coating liquid is preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
  • the thickness of the PVA-based resin layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thermoplastic resin base material Before forming the PVA-based resin layer, the thermoplastic resin base material may be surface-treated (for example, corona treatment or the like), or the easy-adhesion layer may be formed on the thermoplastic resin base material. By performing such a treatment, the adhesion between the thermoplastic resin base material and the PVA-based resin layer can be improved.
  • thermoplastic resin base material any suitable thermoplastic resin film can be adopted. Details of the thermoplastic resin base material are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-73580. The entire description of the publication is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the coating liquid contains a halide and a PVA-based resin as described above.
  • the coating liquid is typically a solution in which the halide and the PVA-based resin are dissolved in a solvent.
  • the solvent include water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, various glycols, polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylpropane, and amines such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, water is preferred.
  • the PVA-based resin concentration of the solution is preferably 3 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solvent.
  • the content of the halide in the coating liquid is preferably 5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin.
  • Additives may be added to the coating liquid.
  • the additive include a plasticizer, a surfactant and the like.
  • the plasticizer include polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and glycerin.
  • the surfactant include nonionic surfactants. These can be used for the purpose of further improving the uniformity, dyeability, and stretchability of the obtained PVA-based resin layer.
  • any suitable resin can be used as the PVA-based resin.
  • polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers can be mentioned.
  • Polyvinyl alcohol is obtained by saponification of polyvinyl acetate.
  • the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is obtained by saponifying the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • the degree of saponification of the PVA-based resin is usually 85 mol% to 100 mol%, preferably 95.0 mol% to 99.95 mol%, and more preferably 99.0 mol% to 99.93 mol%. ..
  • the degree of saponification can be determined according to JIS K 6726-1994. By using a PVA-based resin having such a degree of saponification, a polarizing film having excellent durability can be obtained. If the degree of saponification is too high, gelation may occur.
  • the average degree of polymerization of the PVA-based resin can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
  • the average degree of polymerization is usually 1000 to 10000, preferably 1200 to 4500, and more preferably 1500 to 4300.
  • the average degree of polymerization can be determined according to JIS K 6726-1994.
  • any suitable halide can be adopted.
  • iodide and sodium chloride Iodides include, for example, potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide. Of these, potassium iodide is preferred.
  • the amount of the halide in the coating liquid is preferably 5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin, and more preferably 10 parts by weight to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin. It is a department. If the amount of the halide exceeds 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA-based resin, the halide may bleed out and the finally obtained polarizing film may become cloudy.
  • the orientation of the polyvinyl alcohol molecules in the PVA-based resin is increased.
  • the stretched PVA-based resin layer is immersed in a liquid containing water, the polyvinyl alcohol molecules become more oriented. The orientation may be disturbed and the orientation may decrease.
  • the laminate of the thermoplastic resin and the PVA-based resin layer is stretched in boric acid water, when the laminate is stretched in boric acid water at a relatively high temperature in order to stabilize the stretching of the thermoplastic resin, The tendency of the degree of orientation to decrease is remarkable.
  • stretching a PVA film alone in boric acid water is generally performed at 60 ° C.
  • stretching of a laminate of A-PET (thermoplastic resin base material) and a PVA-based resin layer is performed. It is carried out at a high temperature of about 70 ° C., and in this case, the orientation of PVA at the initial stage of stretching may decrease before it is increased by stretching in water.
  • a laminate of a PVA-based resin layer containing a halide and a thermoplastic resin base material is prepared, and the laminate is stretched at a high temperature (auxiliary stretching) in air before being stretched in boric acid water.
  • Crystallization of the PVA-based resin in the PVA-based resin layer of the laminated body after the auxiliary stretching can be promoted.
  • the disorder of the orientation of the polyvinyl alcohol molecules and the decrease in the orientation can be suppressed as compared with the case where the PVA-based resin layer does not contain a halide.
  • thermoplastic resin base material can be stretched while suppressing the crystallization of the thermoplastic resin base material, and the thermoplastic resin base material is excessively crystallized in the subsequent drawing in boric acid in water. This solves the problem that the stretchability is lowered, and the laminated body can be stretched at a higher magnification.
  • the PVA-based resin when the PVA-based resin is applied on the thermoplastic resin base material, it is compared with the case where the PVA-based resin is applied on a normal metal drum in order to suppress the influence of the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin base material. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the coating temperature, and as a result, the crystallization of the PVA-based resin becomes relatively low, which may cause a problem that sufficient optical characteristics cannot be obtained. On the other hand, by introducing the auxiliary stretching, even when the PVA-based resin is coated on the thermoplastic resin, the crystallinity of the PVA-based resin can be enhanced, and high optical characteristics can be achieved. Become.
  • the stretching method of the aerial auxiliary stretching may be fixed-end stretching (for example, a method of stretching using a tenter stretching machine) or free-end stretching (for example, a method of uniaxial stretching through a laminate between rolls having different peripheral speeds). Good, but in order to obtain high optical properties, free end stretching can be positively adopted.
  • the aerial stretching treatment includes a heating roll stretching step of stretching the laminated body in the longitudinal direction due to a difference in peripheral speed between the heating rolls.
  • the aerial stretching treatment typically includes a zone stretching step and a heating roll stretching step.
  • the order of the zone stretching step and the heating roll stretching step is not limited, and the zone stretching step may be performed first, or the heating roll stretching step may be performed first.
  • the zone stretching step may be omitted.
  • the zone stretching step and the heating roll stretching step are performed in this order.
  • the film in the tenter stretching machine, is stretched by grasping the end portion of the film and widening the distance between the tenters in the flow direction (the widening of the distance between the tenters is the stretching ratio).
  • the distance of the tenter in the width direction (perpendicular to the flow direction) is set to approach arbitrarily. Preferably, it can be set to be closer to the free end stretch with respect to the stretch ratio in the flow direction.
  • the contraction rate in the width direction (1 / stretching ratio) 1/2 .
  • the aerial auxiliary extension may be performed in one step or in multiple steps.
  • the draw ratio is the product of the draw ratios of each stage.
  • the stretching direction in the aerial auxiliary stretching is preferably substantially the same as the stretching direction in the underwater stretching.
  • the draw ratio in the aerial auxiliary stretching is preferably 2.0 to 3.5 times.
  • the maximum draw ratio when the aerial auxiliary stretching and the underwater stretching are combined is preferably 5.0 times or more, more preferably 5.5 times or more, and further preferably 6.0 times the original length of the laminated body. That is all.
  • the "maximum draw ratio" means the draw ratio immediately before the laminate breaks, and separately confirms the draw ratio at which the laminate breaks, and means a value 0.2 lower than that value.
  • the stretching temperature of the aerial auxiliary stretching can be set to an arbitrary appropriate value depending on the forming material of the thermoplastic resin base material, the stretching method, and the like.
  • the stretching temperature is preferably the glass transition temperature (Tg) or higher of the thermoplastic resin base material, more preferably the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the thermoplastic resin base material (Tg) + 10 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably Tg + 15 ° C. or higher.
  • the upper limit of the stretching temperature is preferably 170 ° C.
  • insolubilization treatment is performed after the aerial auxiliary stretching treatment and before the underwater stretching treatment and the dyeing treatment.
  • the insolubilization treatment is typically performed by immersing a PVA-based resin layer in an aqueous boric acid solution.
  • the dyeing treatment is typically performed by dyeing the PVA-based resin layer with a dichroic substance (typically iodine).
  • a cross-linking treatment is performed after the dyeing treatment and before the underwater stretching treatment.
  • the cross-linking treatment is typically performed by immersing a PVA-based resin layer in an aqueous boric acid solution. Details of the insolubilization treatment, the dyeing treatment and the cross-linking treatment are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-73580 (above).
  • the underwater stretching treatment is performed by immersing the laminate in a stretching bath. According to the underwater stretching treatment, the thermoplastic resin base material or the PVA-based resin layer can be stretched at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature (typically, about 80 ° C.), and the PVA-based resin layer is crystallized. Can be stretched at a high magnification while suppressing the above. As a result, a polarizing film having excellent optical characteristics can be produced.
  • any appropriate method can be adopted as the stretching method of the laminated body. Specifically, it may be fixed-end stretching or free-end stretching (for example, a method of uniaxial stretching through a laminate between rolls having different peripheral speeds). Preferably, free end stretching is selected.
  • the stretching of the laminate may be carried out in one step or in multiple steps. When performed in multiple stages, the draw ratio (maximum draw ratio) of the laminated body described later is the product of the draw ratios of each stage.
  • the underwater stretching is preferably carried out by immersing the laminate in a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid water stretching).
  • a boric acid aqueous solution as the stretching bath, it is possible to impart rigidity to withstand the tension applied during stretching and water resistance that does not dissolve in water to the PVA-based resin layer.
  • boric acid can generate a tetrahydroxyboric acid anion in an aqueous solution and crosslink with a PVA-based resin by hydrogen bonding.
  • the PVA-based resin layer can be imparted with rigidity and water resistance, can be stretched satisfactorily, and a polarizing film having excellent optical characteristics can be produced.
  • the boric acid aqueous solution is preferably obtained by dissolving boric acid and / or borate in water as a solvent.
  • the boric acid concentration is preferably 1 part by weight to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 2.5 parts by weight to 6 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 3 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water. Is.
  • an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving a boron compound such as borax, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde or the like in a solvent can also be used.
  • iodide is added to the above stretching bath (boric acid aqueous solution).
  • iodide elution of iodine adsorbed on the PVA-based resin layer can be suppressed.
  • Specific examples of iodide are as described above.
  • the concentration of iodide is preferably 0.05 parts by weight to 15 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.5 parts by weight to 8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the stretching temperature (liquid temperature of the stretching bath) is preferably 40 ° C. to 85 ° C., more preferably 60 ° C. to 75 ° C. At such a temperature, the PVA-based resin layer can be stretched at a high magnification while suppressing dissolution.
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the thermoplastic resin base material is preferably 60 ° C. or higher in relation to the formation of the PVA-based resin layer. In this case, if the stretching temperature is lower than 40 ° C., it may not be stretched well even when the plasticization of the thermoplastic resin base material by water is taken into consideration.
  • the immersion time of the laminate in the stretching bath is preferably 15 seconds to 5 minutes.
  • the stretching ratio by stretching in water is preferably 1.5 times or more, more preferably 3.0 times or more.
  • the total draw ratio of the laminated body is preferably 5.0 times or more, more preferably 5.5 times or more, with respect to the original length of the laminated body.
  • high boiling point alcohol is introduced after the stretching treatment in water (and typically before the drying shrinkage treatment described later).
  • the introduction of high boiling alcohol can be done in any suitable manner.
  • the laminate may be immersed in a treatment liquid containing a high boiling point alcohol, or the treatment liquid containing a high boiling point alcohol may be applied to the surface of the polarizing film of the laminate.
  • the introduction of high boiling alcohol can be done by immersion. Immersion can be done in any suitable manner.
  • a high boiling point alcohol may be added to the washing bath for the washing treatment to serve as a bath for the treatment liquid, or a bath for the treatment liquid may be used instead of the washing bath.
  • a bath for the treatment liquid may be provided separately from the washing bath. May be good.
  • high boiling point alcohol can be added to the washing bath (washing liquid) of the washing treatment.
  • the high boiling point alcohol concentration of the treatment liquid (cleaning liquid) is preferably 0.03% by weight to 1.0% by weight.
  • Dry shrinkage treatment can preferably be carried out after the introduction of the high boiling point alcohol.
  • the high boiling point alcohol functions as a plasticizer during the drying shrinkage treatment, and the flexibility of the finally obtained polarizing film can be improved.
  • the drying shrinkage treatment may be performed by heating the entire zone by zone heating, or by heating the transport roll (using a so-called heating roll) (heating roll drying method). Preferably, both are used.
  • heating roll By drying using a heating roll, it is possible to efficiently suppress the heating curl of the laminate and produce a polarizing film having an excellent appearance.
  • the crystallization of the thermoplastic resin base material can be efficiently promoted and the crystallinity can be increased, which is relatively low. Even at the drying temperature, the crystallinity of the thermoplastic resin base material can be satisfactorily increased.
  • the rigidity of the thermoplastic resin base material is increased so that it can withstand the shrinkage of the PVA-based resin layer due to drying, and curling is suppressed.
  • the laminated body can be dried while being maintained in a flat state, so that not only curling but also wrinkles can be suppressed.
  • the laminated body can be improved in optical characteristics by shrinking in the width direction by a drying shrinkage treatment. This is because the orientation of PVA and the PVA / iodine complex can be effectively enhanced.
  • the shrinkage ratio in the width direction of the laminate by the drying shrinkage treatment is preferably 1% to 10%, more preferably 2% to 8%, and particularly preferably 4% to 6%.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the drying shrinkage treatment.
  • the laminate 200 is dried while being transported by the transport rolls R1 to R6 heated to a predetermined temperature and the guide rolls G1 to G4.
  • the transport rolls R1 to R6 are arranged so as to alternately and continuously heat the surface of the PVA resin layer and the surface of the thermoplastic resin base material.
  • one surface of the laminate 200 (for example, thermoplastic) is arranged.
  • the transport rolls R1 to R6 may be arranged so as to continuously heat only the resin base material surface).
  • the drying conditions can be controlled by adjusting the heating temperature of the transport roll (temperature of the heating roll), the number of heating rolls, the contact time with the heating roll, and the like.
  • the temperature of the heating roll is preferably 60 ° C. to 120 ° C., more preferably 65 ° C. to 100 ° C., and particularly preferably 70 ° C. to 80 ° C.
  • the crystallinity of the thermoplastic resin can be satisfactorily increased, curling can be satisfactorily suppressed, and an optical laminate having extremely excellent durability can be produced.
  • the temperature of the heating roll can be measured with a contact thermometer. In the illustrated example, six transport rolls are provided, but there is no particular limitation as long as there are a plurality of transport rolls.
  • the number of transport rolls is usually 2 to 40, preferably 4 to 30.
  • the contact time (total contact time) between the laminate and the heating roll is preferably 1 second to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 20 seconds, and further preferably 1 to 10 seconds.
  • the heating roll may be provided in a heating furnace (for example, an oven) or in a normal production line (in a room temperature environment). Preferably, it is provided in a heating furnace provided with a blowing means.
  • a heating furnace provided with a blowing means.
  • the temperature of hot air drying is preferably 30 ° C to 100 ° C.
  • the hot air drying time is preferably 1 second to 300 seconds.
  • the wind speed of hot air is preferably about 10 m / s to 30 m / s. The wind speed is the wind speed in the heating furnace and can be measured by a mini-vane type digital anemometer.
  • thermoplastic resin base material / polarizing film obtained as described above may be used as it is as a polarizing plate (the thermoplastic resin base material may be used as a protective layer); polarized light of the laminate.
  • the thermoplastic resin base material may be peeled off and used as a polarizing plate having a protective layer / polarizing film configuration; another protection is provided on the peeled surface of the thermoplastic resin base material.
  • the layers may be bonded together and used as a polarizing plate having a protective layer / polarizing film / protective layer configuration.
  • Thickness Measured using an interference film thickness meter (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., product name "MCPD-3000").
  • the single-unit transmittance Ts measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer is the single-unit transmittance of the polarizing film. The transmittance was used.
  • ⁇ Shrinkage rate is smaller than that of Comparative Example 1 (absolute value in the negative direction is smaller)
  • ⁇ The shrinkage rate is the same as that of Comparative Example 1.
  • ⁇ The shrinkage rate is larger than that of Comparative Example 1 (the absolute value in the negative direction is larger).
  • an acrylic polymer solution (40% by mass).
  • the acrylic polymer had a weight average molecular weight of 570,000 and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of ⁇ 68 ° C.
  • the acrylic polymer solution (40% by mass) is diluted with ethyl acetate to 20% by mass, and an isocyanurate form of hexamethylene diisocyanate (coronate manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.) is added to 500 parts by mass (solid content 100 parts by mass) of this solution.
  • HX C / HX 2 parts by mass (solid content 2 parts by mass), dibutyltin dilaurate (1 mass% ethyl acetate solution) 2 parts by mass (solid content 0.02 part by mass) as a cross-linking catalyst, and mix and stir. This was performed to prepare an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive solution.
  • the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive solution is applied to a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (polyester film) having a thickness of 38 ⁇ m and heated at 130 ° C. for 1 minute to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m to protect the surface.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the polarizing plate to which the above surface protective film was attached was attached onto a glass plate via an adhesive to prepare a test sample.
  • a load of 200 g is applied to the central portion of this test sample (surface protective film side) by a guitar pick (manufactured by HISTORY, model number "HP2H (HARD)") as shown in FIG. 4, and is orthogonal to the absorption axis of the polarizer.
  • a load of 50 reciprocations was repeated at a distance of 100 mm in the direction in which the load was applied. The above load was applied at one place. The load was applied at high speed (5 m / min) and low speed (1 m / min), respectively.
  • the test sample was left in an environment of 80 ° C.
  • thermoplastic resin base material an amorphous isophthalic copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 ⁇ m) having a long shape and a Tg of about 75 ° C. was used.
  • One side of the resin base material was corona-treated.
  • a PVA aqueous solution (coating liquid).
  • the PVA aqueous solution was applied to the corona-treated surface of the resin base material and dried at 60 ° C. to form a PVA-based resin layer having a thickness of 13 ⁇ m to prepare a laminate.
  • the obtained laminate was uniaxially stretched at the free end 2.4 times in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) between rolls having different peripheral speeds in an oven at 130 ° C. (aerial auxiliary stretching treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed in an insolubilizing bath at a liquid temperature of 40 ° C.
  • a cycloolefin-based film (manufactured by ZEON, product name "G-Film") as a protective layer (protective film) is bonded to the surface of the polarizing film with a UV curable adhesive (thickness 1.0 ⁇ m), and then a resin base is used. The material was peeled off to obtain a polarizing plate having a protective layer / polarizing film structure. The concentration of glycerin in the polarizing film of the obtained polarizing plate was 0.30% by weight.
  • Table 1 shows the single transmittance of the obtained polarizing plate (substantially, a polarizing film). Furthermore, the evaluation results of (4) and (5) above are also shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the glycerin concentration in the treatment bath was 0.68% by weight. The obtained polarizing plate (or polarizing film) was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 A polarizing plate (protective film / polarizing film) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. This polarizing plate was cut into a size of 10 cm in the absorption axis direction and 10 cm in the transmission axis direction, and the cut pieces were used as test samples as they were (that is, without being attached to a glass plate via an adhesive). This test sample was measured using a CNC image measuring machine (QickVision (QV606) manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd.) at four points not including the film edge as shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the dimensions were accurately measured. After that, it was put into a heating oven (85 ° C.) for 120 hours, taken out from the oven, and the dimensions were measured again accurately.
  • a heating oven 85 ° C.
  • the shrinkage rate in the absorption axis direction was calculated from the initial length and evaluated as follows with reference to Comparative Example 2 (described later). The results are shown in Table 1. ⁇ : Shrinkage rate is smaller than that of Comparative Example 2 (absolute value in the negative direction is smaller) ⁇ : The shrinkage rate is the same as that of Comparative Example 2. ⁇ : The shrinkage rate is larger than that of Comparative Example 2 (the absolute value in the negative direction is larger).
  • Example 4 A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 2. The obtained polarizing plate was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 5 A laminate of the resin base material / PVA-based resin layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the laminate was subjected to an aerial auxiliary stretching treatment in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, the laminate was cut into an auxiliary stretching axis direction of 15 cm ⁇ 10 cm, and the short side of the sample was fixed with a dedicated stretching jig, and the mixture was placed in an insolubilizing bath at a liquid temperature of 30 ° C. (boric acid was added to 100 parts by weight of water). It was immersed in (an aqueous solution of boric acid obtained by blending 3 parts by weight) for 30 seconds (insolubilization treatment).
  • the finally obtained polarizing film was placed in a dyeing bath having a liquid temperature of 30 ° C. (an aqueous iodine solution obtained by mixing iodine and potassium iodide in a weight ratio of 1: 7 with respect to 100 parts by weight of water). Immersion was carried out for 60 seconds while adjusting the concentration so that the simple substance transmittance (Ts) was 42.0% ⁇ 0.2% (staining treatment). Next, it was immersed in a cross-linked bath at a liquid temperature of 30 ° C. (an aqueous boric acid solution obtained by blending 3 parts by weight of potassium iodide and 5 parts by weight of boric acid with respect to 100 parts by weight of water) for 30 seconds. (Crossing treatment).
  • the total draw ratio is 5 in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction).
  • the uniaxial stretching was performed so as to be 5.5 times (underwater stretching treatment).
  • the laminate is immersed in a treatment bath at a liquid temperature of 20 ° C. (an aqueous solution of 3 wt% potassium iodide and 1 wt% ethylene glycol) for 3 seconds to wash the laminate and ethylene in a PVA-based resin layer (polarizing film).
  • Glycol was introduced (cleaning treatment and introduction of ethylene glycol).
  • a polarizing film having a thickness of 5.0 ⁇ m was formed on the resin substrate.
  • a cycloolefin-based film manufactured by ZEON, product name "G-Film" as a protective layer (protective film) is bonded to the surface of the polarizing film with a UV curable adhesive (thickness 1.0 ⁇ m), and then a resin base is used. The material was peeled off to obtain a polarizing plate having a protective layer / polarizing film structure.
  • a test sample having a size of 4 cm in the absorption axis direction and 4 cm in the transmission axis direction was cut out from the obtained polarizing plate.
  • This test sample is attached to a glass plate via an adhesive, and four points not including the film edge as shown in FIG. 3 (b) are measured using a CNC image measuring machine (QickVision (QV606) manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd.). It was long and the dimensions were measured accurately. After that, it was put into a heating oven (85 ° C.) for 120 hours, taken out from the oven, and after measuring the dimensions accurately again, the shrinkage rate in the absorption axis direction was calculated from the initial length, and the following was performed based on Comparative Example 3 (described later). I evaluated it in this way.
  • Example 6 A polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the ethylene glycol concentration in the treatment bath was 3% by weight. The obtained polarizing plate (or polarizing film) was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 1 A polarizing plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that high boiling point alcohol was not added to the washing bath (washing liquid). The obtained polarizing plate (or polarizing film) was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 A polarizing plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that high boiling point alcohol was not added to the washing bath (washing liquid). The obtained polarizing plate (or polarizing film) was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 A polarizing plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that high boiling point alcohol was not added to the washing bath (washing liquid). The obtained polarizing plate (or polarizing film) was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the polarizing plate (polarizing film) of the embodiment of the present invention contains a predetermined amount of high boiling point alcohol, so that shrinkage in a high temperature environment is suppressed. Further, the polarizing plates (polarizing films) of Examples 1 and 2 have significantly suppressed cracks as compared with Comparative Example 1.
  • the polarizing film and the polarizing plate of the present invention are suitably used for a liquid crystal display device.
  • Polarizing film 10 Polarizing film 20 First protective layer 30 Second protective layer 100 Polarizing plate

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un film polarisant dans lequel le rétrécissement et le craquage dans un environnement à haute température sont supprimés. Un film polarisant selon la présente invention est formé d'un film de résine à base d'alcool polyvinylique contenant de l'iode, et contient de 0,1 à 1,0 % en poids d'un alcool ayant un point d'ébullition de 100 °C ou plus. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'alcool ayant un point d'ébullition de 100 °C ou plus est la glycérine et/ou l'éthylène glycol. Une plaque polarisante selon la présente invention comprend le film polarisant susmentionné et une couche protectrice qui est disposée sur au moins un côté du film polarisant.
PCT/JP2020/006246 2019-03-08 2020-02-18 Film polarisant, plaque polarisante et procédé de fabrication de film polarisant WO2020184083A1 (fr)

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KR1020217028175A KR20210137019A (ko) 2019-03-08 2020-02-18 편광막, 편광판, 및 해당 편광막의 제조 방법
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JP5568800B2 (ja) * 2010-09-08 2014-08-13 日東電工株式会社 耐水化された光学異方性フィルムの製造方法、及び画像表示装置
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TWI548899B (zh) * 2014-03-14 2016-09-11 Nitto Denko Corp A method for producing an optical film laminate comprising a polarizing film, and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the polarizing film
WO2016104741A1 (fr) * 2014-12-26 2016-06-30 富士フイルム株式会社 Polariseur, plaque de polarisation, et dispositif d'affichage d'image
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WO2018212091A1 (fr) * 2017-05-19 2018-11-22 日本化薬株式会社 Élément polarisant et plaque polarisante et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides utilisant celui-ci

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JPWO2020184083A1 (ja) 2021-11-25

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