WO2020133266A1 - 一种中药材气调储藏系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种中药材气调储藏系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133266A1
WO2020133266A1 PCT/CN2018/125038 CN2018125038W WO2020133266A1 WO 2020133266 A1 WO2020133266 A1 WO 2020133266A1 CN 2018125038 W CN2018125038 W CN 2018125038W WO 2020133266 A1 WO2020133266 A1 WO 2020133266A1
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Prior art keywords
airtight
group
enclosures
humidity
gas
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PCT/CN2018/125038
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭晓光
周华华
刘智君
孙双双
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天津森罗科技股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020197027148A priority Critical patent/KR20200083375A/ko
Priority to KR1020227011775A priority patent/KR102525632B1/ko
Priority to CN201880074302.XA priority patent/CN111601759B/zh
Priority to JP2019547444A priority patent/JP7377715B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2018/125038 priority patent/WO2020133266A1/zh
Publication of WO2020133266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133266A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • B65D81/20—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/744—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents heating or cooling through the walls or internal parts of the container, e.g. circulation of fluid inside the walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/747—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents dehumidifying, dewatering or draining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/08—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H04L67/125—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks involving control of end-device applications over a network

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine storage, in particular to a modified atmosphere storage system of traditional Chinese medicine and its control method.
  • Chinese medicinal materials play a huge role in disease prevention and health care. Its quality has an important relationship with its origin, storage method and environment. During storage, Chinese medicinal materials are subject to temperature, humidity, air , Light, mold and pests, and other factors often appear moldy, moth-eaten, discolored, oily, weathered, etc., which reduces the efficacy, disappears and even produces toxic and side effects, especially for the storage of a large number of Chinese medicinal materials. The problem is more serious, which not only affects its economic benefits, but also makes the effectiveness and safety of the clinical application of Chinese medicinal materials lose protection.
  • the modified atmosphere insecticide/maintenance technology is an effective method for storage by regulating the oxygen concentration in the storage environment of Chinese medicinal materials. Studies have shown that the modified atmosphere curing method can not only kill insects and prevent mildew, but also maintain the original characteristics of medicinal materials and reduce the loss of efficacy. It is considered to be a scientific maintenance method.
  • the core provisions of the "Chinese Medicines Storage Management Regulations" (SB/T11094-2014) clearly stipulate that Chinese medicinal materials shall not be fumigated with aluminum phosphide or abused with sulfur fumigation during storage. Chinese medicinal materials stored for more than 30 days shall be modified by modified atmosphere Storage and other maintenance methods.
  • the present invention proposes a Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system, including: a central control device; and one or more Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage systems, one of which is a Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system
  • the system manages one or more gas-tight envelopes storing Chinese medicinal materials; wherein, the central control device is configured to monitor one or more Chinese medicinal materials gas-regulated storage sub-systems in real time to control one or more gas-tight envelopes in oxygen Content and humidity.
  • the central control device is configured to monitor and control the temperature of one or more airtight enclosures.
  • the central control device is configured to monitor and control the carbon dioxide content of one or more airtight enclosures.
  • the Chinese herbal medicine modified atmosphere storage sub-system includes: a comprehensive inspection and control device configured to generate execution instructions based on information from one or more sensors; and one or more execution devices configured to receive Execute instructions to adjust one or more of the oxygen content, humidity, temperature, and carbon dioxide content of one or more airtight enclosures.
  • the integrated inspection and control device is configured to send information from one or more sensors to the central control device.
  • the integrated inspection and control device is configured to compare with a corresponding predetermined threshold based on information from one or more sensors.
  • the integrated inspection and control device is configured to receive an instruction of the central control device to update the predetermined threshold.
  • one or more of the execution devices includes one or more of a hypoxic device, a humidity control device, an air conditioning system, and a control valve.
  • the modified atmosphere storage sub-system of Chinese medicinal materials includes a plurality of airtight enclosures, and the oxygen content and humidity of each airtight enclosure can be individually controlled.
  • each group of airtight enclosures includes one or more airtight enclosures
  • each group of airtight enclosures contains oxygen Volume and humidity can be controlled separately.
  • each group of airtight enclosures includes one or more airtight enclosures
  • each group of airtight enclosures contains oxygen
  • the amount can be controlled separately, and the humidity of each air-tight envelope in at least one group of air-tight envelopes can be individually controlled.
  • a method for controlling Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system includes: real-time monitoring of one or more Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-systems, wherein one Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-system manages one or more air-tight enclosures storing Chinese medicinal materials ; And real-time control of oxygen content and humidity in one or more airtight enclosures.
  • the method as described above further includes: generating an execution instruction based on information from one or more sensors; and receiving the execution instruction to adjust one or more of the oxygen content, humidity, temperature, and carbon dioxide content of the one or more airtight enclosures or More.
  • the method as described above further includes sending information from one or more sensors to the central control device.
  • the method as described above further includes comparing the information from one or more sensors with a corresponding predetermined threshold.
  • the method as described above further includes receiving an instruction of the central control device to update the predetermined threshold.
  • the invention can realize multi-system and multi-space centralized control through the central control device, and can also be connected with user terminal equipment to transmit data to the terminal user in real time.
  • it automatically generates the most suitable conservation storage or insecticidal control parameters to meet the needs of large and medium-sized traditional Chinese medicinal materials storage, reduce unnecessary manual operations, and reduce the professional level of storage management personnel.
  • Requirements, improve management efficiency can achieve traceability management of the storage system, ensure that the entire process of Chinese herbal medicines is controlled, reduce enterprise operating costs, and at the same time improve the quality assurance of Chinese herbal medicines.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a modified atmosphere storage system of Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a control schematic diagram of a modified atmosphere storage system of Chinese herbal medicines according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modified atmosphere storage sub-system of Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A is a schematic diagram of a purity adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is a schematic diagram of a purity adjustment unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of connection of an independent parallel type Chinese medicine medicinal materials gas storage subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of connection of a grouped parallel type Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection of a grouped parallel type Chinese medicine medicinal materials gas storage sub-system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of connection of a group-series tandem storage system of Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a group-series tandem storage system of Chinese medicinal materials according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a gas adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a gas distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a hypoxia method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a structural block diagram of an intelligent warehousing expert system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a structural block diagram of a parameter setting module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a structural block diagram of an information query module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a structural block diagram of a real-time display module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a structural block diagram of a fault information module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a structural block diagram of a data storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a structural block diagram of a remote control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a structural block diagram of a custom warehouse management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, according to the restrictions of the area of the Chinese herbal medicine storage warehouse and the floor where the warehouse is located, multiple areas can be set for the Chinese herbal medicine atmosphere storage system 100, and one or more Chinese herbal medicine gas can be set in each area Transfer storage subsystems 110-120, etc.
  • the central control device 130 is in communication with the integrated inspection and control device 221-223 of the Chinese medicinal materials gas-controlled storage sub-system 110-120, and receives the information sent by each Chinese medicinal materials gas-controlled storage sub-system 110-120. Realize centralized and real-time monitoring of the operation status of each sub-system, and centralized display of environmental parameters in the curing space of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
  • a Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage subsystem includes an integrated inspection and control device 221, which receives various sensors in the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage subsystem, such as temperature and humidity sensor 231, pressure sensor, O 2 Sensors, CO 2 sensors, gas flow sensors, etc. or other related detection devices, analyze the content of the information and compare the data with the built-in parameters, send commands to each device to control the gas flow rate, composition, etc.
  • Devices that receive instructions and deliver gas include, but are not limited to, hypoxic device 241, humidity control device 242, air conditioning system 243, control valve 244, valve actuator 245, and the like.
  • the comprehensive inspection and control device 221 sends the received information of each sensor and related detection device, as well as the results of the analysis, comparison and processing of the data to the central control device 210. All other controlled atmosphere storage sub-systems work in this way.
  • the central control device 130 is communicatively connected with the end user 140, and transmits real-time data of the modified atmosphere storage system of Chinese herbal medicines to each end user 141-142. According to user needs and monitoring and management needs, one or more end users 141-142 can be set.
  • the terminal user may be a PC, a mobile phone, or a Pad.
  • each active air-conditioning maintenance storage subsystem Set the gas parameters in the airtight enclosed space of each active air-conditioning maintenance storage subsystem through the intelligent storage expert system or other software and system in the central control device 210, and receive the data sent by each air-conditioning maintenance storage subsystem 110-120 Information, analysis and real-time, centralized monitoring of each Chinese herbal medicine modified atmosphere storage subsystem 110-120.
  • the intelligent storage expert system or other software and systems automatically control the operating state of the hypoxic device 241 to ensure that clean, low-oxygen gas is produced after drying, purification, filtration, and nitrogen and oxygen separation.
  • PID precise humidity control is regulated, and the humidified gas and non-humidified gas are adjusted by regulating the humidity control device 242, air conditioning system 243, control valve 244, valve actuator 245 proportion.
  • the low-oxygen gas with appropriate humidity is sent to the airtight enclosure space through the pipeline and the gas on-off control valve.
  • the terminal detection device in the airtight enclosure space detects various gases in the airtight enclosure structure in real time through various sensors, such as temperature and humidity sensor 231, pressure sensor 232, O 2 sensor 232, CO 2 sensor, gas flow sensor 235, etc.
  • Parameters real-time transmission of the detected value to the integrated inspection and control device 221-223, and then uploaded to the central control device 210.
  • the data of multiple active air-conditioning maintenance storage sub-systems are uploaded to the central control system 210 through their respective comprehensive inspection and control devices 221-223, and communicate with user terminal equipment (such as PC, mobile phone or Pad, etc.) to view each sub-system in real time Operating data.
  • the number of user terminal devices can be set to one or more according to user needs.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modified atmosphere storage sub-system of Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 includes a set of hypoxic device 111, humidity control device 112, airtight as shown Enclosure 113 and integrated inspection and control device 114.
  • the hypoxic device 111 may include a gas compression unit 301, a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302, and the like.
  • the gas compression unit 301 and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 together form the main body of the hypoxic device 111, and provide a power gas source for other equipment.
  • the hypoxic device 111 may also include other elements or be implemented by other technologies in the art.
  • the gas compression unit 301 may be a reciprocating piston type, a rotary vane type, a rotary screw type, or the like.
  • the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 includes molecular sieve nitrogen production equipment, membrane nitrogen production equipment, or other nitrogen production equipment.
  • an air cleaning device (not shown) is included between the gas compression unit 301 and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 to clean the gas output by the gas compression unit 301.
  • the air cleaning device includes multi-stage filtering equipment and/or air drying equipment.
  • the Chinese herbal medicine modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 may further include a gas adjustment device.
  • the gas regulating part may include a purity regulating unit 303 and a gas distribution unit 304; wherein, the purity regulating unit 303 and the gas distribution unit 304 are respectively connected to the two outlets of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 and the gas-tight enclosure Between the air inlets 305 of the structure 113.
  • This connection method is only one possible connection method, and other connection methods are also possible.
  • the purity adjustment unit 303 and the gas distribution unit 304 may be connected to one outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302, or to the two air inlets of the airtight enclosure 113, respectively.
  • the purity adjustment unit 303 and the gas distribution unit 304 may be integrated in the same device.
  • the humidity control device 112 includes a dehumidification unit and a humidification unit, or a device having both functions.
  • the humidity control device 112 adjusts the humidity of the gas entering the airtight envelope 113.
  • the humidity control device 112 may be disposed at any position on the pipeline between the hypoxic device 111 and the airtight envelope 113.
  • the humidity control device 112 may be controlled to provide gases of different humidity.
  • the PID of the gas humidity entering the airtight enclosed space is precisely controlled, and the ratio of humidified gas to non-humidified gas is adjusted to maintain the humidity stability in the space and keep the moisture of the medicinal materials constant.
  • the humidity control device 112 when the humidity in the airtight envelope 113 is higher than the first predetermined value/lower than the second predetermined value, the humidity control device 112 is controlled to provide the first humidity gas to reduce/the second humidity gas to The humidity in the airtight envelope 113 is increased.
  • the humidity control device 112 is controlled to stop working or provide a third humidity gas to maintain the airtight envelope 113 Humidity, thereby controlling the humidity of the airtight envelope 113 to a set range.
  • the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system 100 may include one or more airtight enclosures 1131-1134. Multiple airtight envelopes 1131-1134 can be used in combination.
  • the airtight envelope 113 may be warehouses, file cabinets, storage boxes, flexible tents, bags and other airtight containers with different volumes and different forms. According to the quantity, type, grade, curing time and curing purpose of the Chinese medicinal materials to be stored, one or more of the above airtight enclosure structures 113 can be selected for use in combination.
  • the volume of the air-tight envelope 113 varies, not only the bottom, facade and top of the envelope should be air-tightened; more importantly, the supporting air-tight doors, cables, pipelines, etc. should also be processed.
  • the air exchange rate of airtight warehouses and airtight tents should not be greater than 0.05/d. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be controlled at 0.02/d; the air exchange rate of airtight storage cabinets should not be greater than 0.02/d, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be controlled at 0.01/d.
  • the system when the volume of the airtight enclosure 113 is large, for example, more than 100 m 3 or more, the system may be equipped with an oxygenation device 117 to ensure the airtight enclosure 113 to facilitate the safe handling of medicinal materials.
  • the content of various gases when the volume of the airtight enclosure 113 is more than 500 m 3 , in order to facilitate the safe entry and exit of the worker, the Chinese medicinal materials gas storage system may be equipped with a breathing device (not shown).
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 113 may further include a gas detection device 115 to detect the temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, etc. of the gas in the gas-tight enclosure structure 113.
  • a gas detection device 115 to detect the temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, etc. of the gas in the gas-tight enclosure structure 113.
  • each of the airtight envelopes 1131-1134 includes gas detection devices 1151-1154.
  • the signals collected by the gas detection devices 1151-1154 in each airtight envelope 1131-1134 are uploaded to the integrated inspection and control device 114 in their respective sub-areas.
  • the integrated monitoring device 114 compares the received data with the set value, and automatically controls the operating status of the hypoxic device 111, the humidity control device 112, the air conditioning system 116, the control valve 118, etc. through the feedback command; the integrated monitoring device 114 will monitor all
  • the data is uploaded to the central control device 130 for data integration.
  • the Chinese herbal medicine modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 may further include a control valve 118.
  • each Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 includes one or more control valves 1181-1184, which may be provided between the humidity control device 112 and the air outlet 105 of each airtight enclosure 113 Both include control valve 118.
  • the control valve 118 is connected to the processor 108, and the processor 108 controls the volume of the gas flowing into the airtight enclosure 113 and the gas flow rate by controlling its switch.
  • the airtight enclosures 1131-1134 can be connected in various ways, for example, independent parallel connection, group parallel connection, grouping Series connection, etc.
  • the diameter of each on-off control valve 1181-1184 must match the air volume, connection form, etc. of the air-conditioning maintenance moisture control system.
  • the gas flow rate can be controlled at 5-10m/s; when the airtight enclosure structure 1131-1134 is connected in group series connection, the gas flow rate can be Control at 3-5m/s.
  • Each Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 is equipped with one or more control valves 118 or branch valve actuators (not shown in the figure) for controlling the flow and discharge of gas. According to one embodiment of the invention, an airtight envelope is not a necessary feature.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 114 may include a gas detection unit 307, a processor 308, a display screen 309, and the like.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 114 can program control the operating status, start and stop sequence of the auxiliary equipment in the sub-system, and can realize the independent setting, display, storage, etc. of parameters in the airtight enclosed space of multiple Chinese herbal medicines, and control the gas regulating system
  • the operation of the system and the opening and closing of the corresponding airtight enclosure control valve 118 are started and stopped to realize centralized and independent inspection and control of the storage environment parameters in the airtight enclosure 113.
  • the gas detection unit 307 receives the signal of the gas detection device 115 to realize gas detection.
  • the gas detection device 115 and the gas detection unit 307 may be implemented in various ways.
  • the gas detection device 115 may be only one sensor, which realizes sampling of gas, and sends electrical signals, infrared signals, and other signals for gas detection to the gas detection unit for processing.
  • the gas detection device 115 may include a processing part of an electric signal or an infrared signal, and send the processed signal to the gas detection unit 307.
  • the gas detection unit 307 converts it to the corresponding concentration or other measurement of one or more gases according to the received signal, and sends it to the processor 308.
  • the processor 308 controls the start/stop of the gas compression unit and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit according to the concentration of oxygen and/or other gases in the airtight enclosure 113; and controls the purity adjustment device and the gas distribution device to replace the airtight enclosure 113 In the gas. Further, the processor 308 displays the concentration of oxygen and/or other gases in the airtight enclosure 113 to the user through the display screen 309.
  • the processor 308 controls the humidity adjusting device to provide gas with different humidity according to the humidity of the airtight enclosure 113 to replace the gas in the airtight enclosure 113. Further, the processor displays the humidity of the airtight enclosure 113 to the user through the display screen 309.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 114 may further include an input unit (not shown in the figure).
  • the user can interact with the display unit 309 through the input unit to control the modified Chinese herbal medicine storage sub-system 300 of the present invention.
  • the display screen 309 may be a touch screen, which has both display and input functions.
  • the air-conditioning system 116 may also be configured in the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage sub-system 300 as needed.
  • the air-conditioning system 116 includes an air-conditioning control device 1161, an air-conditioning compressor 1162, a heat exchanger, a fan 117, and the like.
  • the heat exchangers and fans are installed in the airtight envelope 113, and each air-conditioning system 116 includes one or more heat exchangers and fans 1171-1174.
  • the air-conditioning control device 1161 is connected to the integrated inspection and control device 114, and the integrated inspection and control device 114 sends a command to the air-conditioning control device 1161 according to the gas distribution in the airtight envelope 113.
  • the air-conditioning control device 1161 receives the command, and controls the operation of the air-conditioning compressor 1162, the heat exchanger and the fan 117, and further regulates the temperature of the gas in the air-tight envelope 113 and the like.
  • the purity adjustment unit 400 includes an air inlet 401, an air outlet 402, and a pipeline 403 between the air inlet 401 and the air outlet 402.
  • the air inlet 401 is connected to the air outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302.
  • the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 can provide nitrogen gas with different flow rates and different concentrations.
  • the pipeline 403 includes one or more branch valves, for example, a first branch valve 407, a second branch valve 408, and a third branch valve 409.
  • One end of the multiple branches 404-406 is connected to each branch valve 407-409 in sequence, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 402.
  • the purity adjusting unit 400 includes an air inlet 401, an air outlet 402, and a pipe 403 between the air inlet 401 and the air outlet 402.
  • the air inlet 401 is connected to the air outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302.
  • the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 can provide nitrogen gas with different flow rates and different concentrations.
  • the pipeline 403 includes one or more branches 404-406, for example: a first branch 304, a second branch 405, and a third branch 406.
  • Each end of the plurality of pipelines 404-406 includes branch valves 407-409.
  • Multiple branches 404-406 may be connected to the gas source 420.
  • the gas source 420 may be a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 or other gas source.
  • multiple branches 404-406 can provide nitrogen gas with different concentrations and different flows.
  • multiple branches 404-406 may have different pipe diameters; or valves 407-409 may have different sizes.
  • the processor 308 can control the opening and closing of the valves 407-409.
  • the purity adjustment unit 400 includes a gas detection unit 411 for detecting the concentration of oxygen and other gases in the gas.
  • the gas detection unit 411 may be provided in the gas outlet 402 or in the pipeline 403. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the gas detection unit 411 may be disposed on the gas pipeline outside the purity adjustment unit 400.
  • the purity adjustment unit 400 includes a flow detection unit (not shown in the figure) for detecting the flow rate of the gas provided by the purity adjustment device.
  • the flow rate detection device may be installed in the air outlet 402 or in the pipeline 403.
  • the flow detection unit may be disposed on the gas pipeline outside the purity adjustment unit 400.
  • the gas detection unit 411 and the flow detection unit may be integrated with each other.
  • the processor 308 controls the concentration and flow rate of the gas provided by the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 and the concentration and flow rate of the gas provided by the plurality of branches 404-406, thereby providing the required in the purity adjustment device 400 Flow and concentration of gas. Since the gas compression unit 301 and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 are the main energy-consuming equipment in the modified atmosphere storage system of Chinese medicinal materials, therefore, to improve the efficiency of low-oxygen replacement in the airtight enclosed space, a variety of nitrogen with different purity can be used. In order to reduce the operation time of the gas compression unit 301 and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302, the energy consumption is reduced. The purity adjustment unit 400 and the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 302 of the present invention cooperate with each other, making it possible to finely adjust the gas entering the airtight envelope 113.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of connection of an independent parallel-type Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of airtight envelopes 531-534 share a comprehensive inspection and control device 510, hypoxic device, and humidity control device.
  • the hypoxic device and the humidity control device may be combined into one hypoxic humidity control device 520.
  • Each airtight enclosure 531-534 and the hypoxic humidity control device 520 include control valves 541-544 to control the flow rate of gas flowing into and out of the airtight enclosure 531-534.
  • Each airtight enclosure 531-534 also contains gas detection devices 551-554 to detect the temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, etc. of the gas in the airtight enclosure, and send all data To comprehensive inspection and control device 510.
  • each The gas-tight enclosure structure adopts independent parallel connection.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 510 issues a command to close the control valve 542 -544, the control valve 541 is opened, and the comprehensive inspection and control device sends an instruction to reduce the oxygen and humidity of the airtight enclosure 531.
  • Other airtight enclosed spaces are handled in a similar manner to achieve independent adjustment of parameters within each airtight enclosed space.
  • the parameters in each airtight enclosed space are transmitted to the integrated inspection and control device 510 through the respective internal gas detection devices to complete data processing, display and storage.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of connection of a grouped parallel type Chinese medicine medicinal materials gas storage subsystem according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • multiple airtight envelopes 631-633,641-643,651-653 share a comprehensive inspection and control device 610, hypoxic device and humidity control device.
  • the hypoxic device and the humidity control device may be combined into one hypoxic humidity control device 620.
  • Multiple airtight enclosures are divided into groups, for example, the first group includes airtight enclosures 631-633; the second group includes airtight enclosures 641-643; the Nth group includes airtight enclosures 651-653 Wait.
  • each gas-tight envelope 631-633 also contains a gas detection device.
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 631 includes a gas detection device 6911
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 632 includes a gas detection device 6912
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 633 includes a gas detection device 6913, and the like.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 610 In order to detect the temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, etc. of the gas in the airtight envelope structure where it is located, and send all the data to the integrated inspection and control device 610.
  • on-off control valves can be set on each branch or independent humidity control units can be configured to adjust the opening of the branch control valve of each airtight enclosed space to try to make the same group each
  • the parameter area in the warehouse is consistent.
  • the first group includes airtight enclosures 631-633 including control valves 660; the second group includes airtight enclosures 641-643 including control valves 670; the Nth group includes airtight enclosures 651-653 including control valves 680 etc.
  • the control valves 660-680 are the total control valves for each group of hermetic enclosure structures.
  • the air inlet of each airtight enclosure also includes a control valve.
  • the airtight enclosure 632 includes a branch control valve 661 on the inlet pipe
  • the airtight enclosure 641 includes an branch control on the inlet pipe
  • the valve 662 and the pipeline at the air inlet of the airtight enclosure 633 include a branch control valve 663 and the like.
  • the structures in the other groups of airtight envelopes are similar to the first group.
  • the system can automatically cut off the branch control valve.
  • the system can automatically detect the pressure in the space according to the terminal pressure detection sensor in the space. Value, the system can automatically vent some nitrogen or adjust the operating frequency of the nitrogen system.
  • the low-oxygen humidity control device 620 has a strong ability to reduce oxygen and control humidity, and the storage conditions required for various medicinal materials are basically the same, in order to avoid waste of resources, multiple spaces can be grouped in parallel in a single type operating.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection of a grouped parallel type Chinese medicine medicinal materials gas storage subsystem according to another embodiment of the present invention. Its structure and connection method are similar to those in Fig. 6, but the difference lies in that it contains multiple humidity control devices 731-733 in the same TCM storage subsystem.
  • Each group of airtight enclosures includes a moisture control device.
  • the first group includes an airtight enclosure including a first humidity control device 731;
  • the second group includes an airtight enclosure including a second humidity control device 732;
  • the Nth group includes an airtight enclosure including an Nth humidity control Device 733, etc.
  • the humidity control device is installed between the hypoxic device 720 and the main control valve of each group of airtight enclosures.
  • a set of humidity control devices 731-733 with adjustable humidification amount are arranged on each main road.
  • the system can simultaneously adjust the gas in multiple groups and multiple unqualified spaces.
  • the system can automatically switch to other modified atmosphere maintenance spaces of the corresponding branch.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of connection of a group-series tandem storage system of Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of airtight envelopes and the like share a comprehensive inspection and control device 810, a hypoxic device, and a humidity control device.
  • the hypoxic device and the humidity control device may be combined into one hypoxic humidity control device 820.
  • the multiple airtight envelopes are divided into several groups.
  • the first group includes airtight envelopes 831-833.
  • each gas-tight envelope 831-833 also contains a gas detection device.
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 831 includes a gas detection device 841
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 832 includes a gas detection device 842
  • the gas-tight enclosure structure 833 includes a gas detection device 843, and the like.
  • the integrated inspection and control device 810 In order to detect the temperature, humidity, pressure, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, etc. of the gas in the airtight enclosing structure, and send all the data to the integrated inspection and control device 810.
  • on-off control valves can be set on each branch or independent humidity control units can be configured to adjust the opening of the branch control valve of each airtight enclosed space, as far as possible
  • the parameter area in the warehouse is consistent.
  • the first group includes an airtight envelope 831-833 including a control valve 850 and the like.
  • the control valve 850 is the main control valve of the first group of airtight enclosures.
  • the other groups are similar to the first group structure and the included device units.
  • each group of airtight enclosures can be independently adjusted, or when the oxygen and humidity control capabilities of hypoxic devices and humidity control devices allow Several groups of modified atmosphere maintenance spaces with the same storage parameters are controlled simultaneously. In the airtight enclosed space connected in series and in series, the parameters of the same group of airtight enclosed space are the same.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a group-series tandem storage system of Chinese medicinal materials according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure and connection method are similar to those in FIG. 8, the difference is that, in the same modified atmosphere storage subsystem of Chinese medicinal materials, multiple humidity control devices 931-934 are included.
  • Each group of airtight enclosures includes a moisture control device.
  • the first group includes an airtight enclosure including a first humidity control device 931;
  • the second group includes an airtight enclosure including a second humidity control device 932;
  • the Nth group includes an airtight enclosure including an Nth humidity control Device 934, etc.
  • the humidity control device is installed between the hypoxic device 920 and the main control valve of each group of airtight enclosures.
  • the Chinese medicinal materials stored in each group of air-conditioning maintenance devices are the same or similar and do not interfere with each other. Improve the efficiency and flexibility of system applications.
  • a set of humidity control devices are arranged on each series of main roads, which can independently control the humidity and various gas contents in multiple sets of airtight envelopes. In the airtight enclosed space connected in series and in series, the parameters of the same group of airtight enclosed space are the same.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a gas adjustment method of a Chinese herbal medicine modified atmosphere storage sub-system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gas regulating method 1000 includes the following steps: In step 1010, a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit is used to provide a first gas at a first concentration; in step 1020, a valve on a pipeline is controlled to provide a variable flow or concentration support ⁇ Road gas.
  • step 1020 different concentrations of nitrogen are provided in a gradient manner.
  • step 1020 may include: in step 1021, controlling a valve on the pipeline to provide branch gas at a first flow rate.
  • step 1022 after a period of time, the valve on the pipeline is controlled to provide branch gas at a second flow rate.
  • step 1023 after a period of time, the valve on the pipeline is controlled to provide a bypass gas with a third flow rate.
  • the first flow is smaller than the second flow
  • the second flow is smaller than the third flow.
  • multiple valves on multiple branches can be controlled to open simultaneously or partially open; or partially closed or fully closed, so that a variety of branch gas with different flows can be provided for selection.
  • step 1020 may include: in step 1022, controlling a valve on the pipeline to provide branch gas at a first concentration.
  • the valve on the pipeline is controlled to provide branch gas with a second concentration.
  • the valve on the pipeline is controlled to provide branch gas with a third concentration.
  • the first concentration is less than the second concentration
  • the second concentration is less than the third concentration.
  • multiple valves on multiple branches can be controlled to open simultaneously or partially open; or partially closed or fully closed, so that a variety of branch gases with different concentrations can be provided for selection.
  • the adjustment of flow rate and concentration can be performed simultaneously to achieve the effect of rapid replacement.
  • a second gas with a second concentration is provided by a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit; in step 1040, a valve on the pipeline is controlled, a branch gas with a variable flow rate; wherein the second concentration is greater than the first concentration. Since the required oxygen concentration in the airtight envelope is usually very low, if high concentration nitrogen is directly supplied for replacement, the replacement efficiency is not high, and the energy consumption is also likely to increase. The use of gradient oxygen reduction can minimize energy consumption and provide replacement efficiency.
  • the use of a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit to provide different concentrations of nitrogen is a gradient method, and the addition of variable flow branch gas is also a gradient method.
  • the modified atmosphere storage subsystem of Chinese medicinal materials of the present invention can achieve the purpose of high efficiency and energy saving.
  • a third gas with a third concentration is provided by a nitrogen-oxygen separation unit; in step 1060, a valve on the pipeline is controlled, and a branch gas with a variable flow rate; wherein the third concentration is greater than the second concentration.
  • Adopt multi-gradient mode to successively achieve the low oxygen content required by the airtight envelope structure to form a low oxygen environment.
  • the gas adjustment method further includes: after a preset time, adjust the valves of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit and/or multiple branches to provide gases of different concentrations.
  • the gas adjustment method further includes: detecting the concentration of the gas in the airtight envelope, and adjusting the nitrogen generator and/or the valves on the multiple branches according to the detected concentration. For example: when the gas concentration in the airtight enclosure reaches the first value, adjust the valves on the nitrogen generator and/or pipeline to provide the first concentration of gas; when the gas concentration in the airtight enclosure reaches the second At the value, adjust the valves on the nitrogen generator and/or pipeline to provide the second concentration of gas; and so on, until the gas in the airtight enclosure reaches the required concentration.
  • the gas adjustment method further includes: detecting the concentration of the gas provided by the purity adjustment device, and adjusting the nitrogen generator and/or the valves on the multiple branches according to the detected concentration and flow rate. For example: when the concentration of the gas in the purity adjustment device reaches the first value, adjust the valves on the nitrogen generator and/or the pipeline to provide the gas at the first concentration; when the concentration of the gas in the purity adjustment device reaches the second value, adjust Valves on the nitrogen generator and/or piping to provide a second concentration of gas.
  • the gas concentration and purity adjustment device provided in the gas-tight enclosure structure and the corresponding gas time can be integrated to more accurately control the nitrogen generator and/or multiple branches valve.
  • the concentration of the output gas of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit is adjusted according to the concentration of the gas in the airtight enclosure.
  • the concentration or time of the gas provided by the purity adjusting device adjust the valves on multiple branches. Therefore, the present invention provides a very flexible gas purity adjustment method, which can maximize the efficiency of gas replacement in the gas-tight enclosure structure and reduce energy consumption.
  • the gas distribution device 1100 includes an air inlet 1101, an air outlet 1102, and a pipeline 1103 between the air inlet 1101 and the air outlet 1102.
  • the air inlet 1101 is connected to the air outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 1102.
  • the nitrogen-oxygen separation unit 1102 can provide nitrogen gas with different flow rates and different concentrations.
  • the pipeline includes one or more branches, for example, a first branch 1104, a second branch 1105, and a third branch 1106.
  • each of the plurality of air lines 1104-1106 is connected to the line 1104, and the other end is connected to the same or different gas sources through valves 1107-1109, such as a first gas source, a second gas source, and a third gas source.
  • the multiple gas sources may be carbon dioxide, argon, or other gases.
  • the gas of each gas source is cleaned and/or dried.
  • multiple branches 1104-1106 may be connected to the same or different gas sources.
  • the processor 308 can control the opening and closing of the valves 1107-1109 to provide gas from the various gas sources to the pipeline 1104.
  • a control method such as a purity adjustment device can also be applied to the gas distribution device 1100 to provide more accurate gas distribution .
  • the outlet of the gas distribution device is merged with the pipeline after the outlet of the purity adjustment device, and then enters the airtight enclosure structure to reduce the entrance of the airtight enclosure structure.
  • the gas distribution device can also choose to enter the airtight enclosure independently.
  • a flow meter is included before entering the airtight enclosure to measure the total flow into the airtight enclosure.
  • the gas distribution device may be integrated into the same device as the purity adjustment device.
  • the pipelines of different gas sources can be close to the pipelines of the purity adjustment device and the two can be combined into the same device.
  • each pipeline can be connected to either compressed air or different air sources so that these pipelines can be used more flexibly.
  • each valve has a different ID. In the control part, it is possible to set which gas source the valve is connected to according to the ID, so as to realize different control.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for storing Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the preservation method 1200 includes the following steps: In step 1210, a gas of a first concentration is provided by a hypoxic device.
  • a gas regulating device is used to provide different concentrations, flow rates, and/or types of gases, such as carbon dioxide, argon, or other types of gases.
  • a humidity control device is used to adjust the humidity of the gas.
  • a second concentration of gas is provided using a hypoxic device; wherein the second concentration is greater than the first concentration.
  • the method of this embodiment provides a method for reducing the oxygen content in the airtight envelope in a gradient manner.
  • an auxiliary gas for improving the insecticidal effect is provided, such as carbon dioxide, argon, or other types of gas, which can reduce the time of low oxygen and save energy.
  • the method of the present invention further includes: adjusting the humidity of the gas entering the airtight enclosure.
  • the method of the present invention further includes: using the gas regulating portion to provide the bypass gas.
  • the bypass gas can be compressed air.
  • the supply of bypass gas can reduce the gas flow provided by the hypoxic device, thereby reducing energy consumption. Further, providing branch gas does not reduce the efficiency of gas replacement.
  • the method of the present invention further includes: utilizing nitrogen production in response to a period of time or information from the gas detection device or the gas detection device after the gas adjustment device or the gas detection device of the gas-tight enclosure structure Partially provide a second concentration of gas or change the flow rate of branch gas.
  • the invention provides a very flexible control method, which can control the nitrogen generator to provide different concentrations of nitrogen in response to a predetermined program, or the change of the gas concentration output by the gas regulating device, or the change of the gas concentration of the gas-tight envelope structure Or, control valves on multiple branches to provide branch gas with different flows.
  • one embodiment of the present invention may be to provide a second concentration of gas using a nitrogen-making portion in response to information from a gas detection device of a gas-tight enclosure; and in response to a period of time or from a gas regulating device or The information of the gas detection device after the gas adjustment device changes the flow rate of the branch gas.
  • the method of the present invention further includes: using gas regulation in response to a period of time or information from the gas detection device or the gas detection device after the gas adjustment device or the gas detection device of the gas-tight enclosure Partially change the flow of different kinds of gas.
  • the present invention also proposes an intelligent warehousing expert system, which can realize functions such as modified atmosphere maintenance and controlled atmosphere insecticide, and can also realize other auxiliary storage management functions.
  • the central control device 110 sets the parameters and manages the real-time management of the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system through the intelligent storage expert system.
  • the specific implementation method is as follows:
  • the intelligent warehousing expert system 1300 includes, but is not limited to, a parameter setting module 1310, an information query module 1320, a real-time display module 1330, a data storage module 1340, a fault information module 1350, a remote monitoring module 1360, and a custom warehouse management module 1370.
  • a parameter setting module 1310 an information query module 1320
  • a real-time display module 1330 a data storage module 1340
  • a fault information module 1350 a remote monitoring module 1360
  • custom warehouse management module 1370 The function of each module will be described in detail below.
  • the equipment mentioned in this system is the above-mentioned Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system or Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system.
  • the parameter setting module 1400 can set various parameters of the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system, such as selecting the working mode, setting the number, time, article number or batch number of the medicinal materials stored, etc. Parameters such as medium oxygen content, temperature, humidity, pressure, etc. According to other embodiments of the present invention, it is also possible to select corresponding medicinal materials in the intelligent warehousing expert system, and the system automatically generates corresponding modified atmosphere parameters.
  • the system automatically generates modified atmosphere parameters: oxygen content 3%, temperature 5°C, humidity value 50%RH, etc.; choose centipedes, the system automatically generates modified atmosphere parameters: oxygen content 5%, temperature 5°C, humidity value: 50%RH etc.
  • the parameters listed here are for reference only and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Of course, according to the actual storage needs, the user can also manually input the modified atmosphere parameters.
  • the parameter setting module 1400 includes selecting a working mode and a warehouse 1410, setting an oxygen content 1420, setting a temperature and humidity 1430, setting a storage time 1440, selecting a medicinal material variety and a storage volume 1450, selecting a batch number and inspection 1460 etc.
  • Selecting the working mode and the warehouse 1410 may include selecting a specific warehouse and setting its insecticidal mode, maintenance mode, or other working modes. At the same time, the oxygen content 1420, temperature and humidity 1430 and storage time 1440 are set accordingly according to the selected working mode.
  • the system automatically generates a modified atmosphere parameter with an oxygen content of 3%-5%, preferably 3%, a temperature of 5°C-20°C, preferably below 5°C; humidity range: 35%-60%RH, preferably 50%, etc. ;
  • the air conditioning parameter of the centipede is selected as oxygen content 3%-5%, preferably 5%, temperature 5°C-20°C, preferably below 5°C, 35%-65%RH, preferably 50%, etc.;
  • staff members preferably set various parameters.
  • the parameters listed here are for reference only and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the information query module 1500 is a structural block diagram of an information query module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information query module 1500 is a large database in which various information is collected. As shown in FIG. 15, the information query module 1500 includes, but is not limited to, query of basic information of medicinal materials 1510, query of insecticidal tune parameters 1520, query of maintenance tune parameters 1530, query of medicinal materials with storage 1540, query of best time 1550, different medicinal materials Inquiry about common pests 1560.
  • the query of basic information of medicinal materials 1510 includes querying the main origin, growing habits and harvest season of medicinal materials, main medicinal ingredients and prescribed lower limits, common storage problems, and other similar medicinal materials.
  • Insect control parameters 1520 and maintenance control parameters 1530 can realize the query of the best insect control and maintenance control parameters for hundreds or even thousands of Chinese herbal medicines.
  • the insecticidal/maintenance modified atmosphere query method of pickled vegetables may be: query by name, classification query, origin query, etc.
  • the classification query may include: plant tissue medicinal materials, such as roots and rhizomes, flowers, fruits, seeds, grasses; animal medicinal materials; mineral medicinal materials, etc., for classification query.
  • roots and rhizomes include: Dendrobium, ginseng, dried ginger, dangshen, angelica, rehmannia glutinosa, yam, panax notoginseng, etc.; flowers include: sophora japonica, honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, jasmine, etc.; seeds include: barley , Peach kernels, cypress kernels, bitter almonds, etc.; animal medicinal materials include: clams, hedgehog skin, dog kidney, deer whip, antler, venison, snake, white flower snake, black snake, nine-spotted insect, gecko, cricket, centipede , Ground dragon, earthworm, turtle shell, leech, purple river car, golden chicken, whole scorpion, silkworm, pangolin, hive, mulberry chrysalis, buffalo horn, snake slough, etc.; mineral medicines include: borax, gall Alum, magnet, ochre, cinnabar, etc.
  • the insecticidal/gas control parameters of Lycium barbarum are oxygen content 3%-5%, temperature 5°C-20°C, humidity range: 35%-60%RH, and optimal storage time 3-6 Monthly; Baiziren's insecticidal/maintenance modified atmosphere parameters are oxygen content 2%-4%, temperature 5°C-20°C, 35%-60%RH, optimal storage time 3-6 months; centipede insecticidal/ The parameters of curing atmosphere are 3%-5% oxygen content, 5-20°C temperature and 35%-65%RH. The best storage time is 6-12 months.
  • the parameters here are only one embodiment of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any way. It is worth noting that the insecticidal modified atmosphere parameters and maintenance modified atmosphere parameters of medicinal materials can be different.
  • the compatible or compatible medicinal materials that is, two or more medicinal materials have the same storage property.
  • Inquiry on the same storage of medicinal materials 1540 can use the special smell, moisture absorption performance or the characteristics of the unique chemical composition of insect repellent and mildew emitted by different kinds of Chinese medicinal materials to prevent the occurrence of insects and mildew in other Chinese medicinal materials, saving medicinal materials.
  • Storage cost For example, the same storage of paeonol and Alisma can make paeonol not easy to change color, and Alisma is not easy to grow insects; the storage of whole scorpion, hippocampus, purple river car and zanthoxylum has anti-insect effect.
  • the module has an editing function. By setting the permission level, the types of medicinal materials and related information can be added as needed to expand the database.
  • the best time query 1550 includes the best insecticidal time and the best maintenance time query. Strict control of insecticide curing time can preserve the integrity of medicinal materials and preserve the medicinal properties of medicinal materials.
  • the common pest query 1560 can be combined with the medicinal material storage query 1540 to reduce the storage and storage costs of the medicinal materials and improve the quality of the medicinal materials.
  • the real-time display module 1600 can realize real-time display of the various parameters mentioned above on the display screen or terminal device, such as the working mode of the device 1610, the oxygen content of the airtight curing structure 1620, and the temperature and humidity of the airtight curing structure 1630 ⁇ Equipment running status 1640, equipment cumulative running time 1650, warehouse number and the belonging warehouse area 1660 and other information.
  • the real-time display module may display information: the working mode is the insecticidal working mode, the warehouse number is the warehouse No. 1, the storage area belongs to the insecticidal area 1, the medicinal material is medlar, the storage capacity is 100 stacks, and the atmosphere adjustment parameter is The oxygen content is 3%, the temperature is 10°C, the relative humidity is 55%, the equipment operation state is the nitrogen filling and oxygen reduction stage, and the equipment cumulative operation time is 12 hours.
  • the information displayed here is only one embodiment of the present invention, and other parameter information may be displayed depending on the device, season of medicinal material storage, medicinal material storage, etc.
  • the fault information module 1700 includes early warning values and alarm values for various parameter indexes of the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system. As shown in FIG. 17, the fault information module 1700 includes but is not limited to the warning information 1710, the alarm information 1720, the maintenance information 1730, the hypoxic alarm 1740 in the equipment room and the hall, and the emergency call alarm 1750 function in the warehouse. The fault information module 1700 monitors the operation status of the equipment and the safety status of the warehouse through the information of each part to protect the safety of the equipment.
  • the integrated inspection and control device sends the received information to the expert control system of the central control device.
  • the sending method can be 4-20mA analog signal, 485 communication signal or wireless network.
  • the alarm will give an early warning reminder, sound and light alarm or alarm shutdown to remind the staff.
  • the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system may automatically shut down. For example, when the warehouse corridor and equipment room are in a low-oxygen state, and the oxygen content is less than 17%, the alarm will issue an alarm prompt to ensure the safety of the Chinese medicinal materials modified atmosphere storage system, warehouse and staff.
  • the data storage module 1800 can realize the cumulative operation information of the equipment 1810, the cumulative information of the atmosphere adjustment parameters of the warehouse 1820, the cumulative alarm information 1830, the entered information 1840, the cumulative number and variety of insecticides 1850, and the information of the personnel at work 1860, etc. Content storage function.
  • Cumulative operation information 1810 of the warehouse and equipment may include: temperature and humidity, oxygen content, on/off status, cumulative operation time of the system, fault alarm information, etc.
  • the data storage module 1810 can export a data table or a graph as needed.
  • the data storage module 1800 can record all the information of the whole process of medicinal materials from storage, storage to storage, and realize the traceable management of the storage of medical materials.
  • FIG. 19 is a structural block diagram of a data storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 19, the functions that the remote monitoring module 1900 can realize are: equipment status and accumulated time 1910, warehouse related parameters 1920, alarm information 1930, parameter query and setting 1940 and other modules, and modules can also be added according to demand information.
  • the remote monitoring module 1900 can upload the above data such as 1910-1940 to the user terminal (such as PC, mobile phone, Pad, etc.).
  • the user terminal receives the data, and the user can check the running status of the system and perform operations such as parameter query and data analysis.
  • different users have different levels of viewing and analyzing operation rights.
  • the implementation of the remote monitoring module 1900 may be: transmitting the data collected by the terminal to a remote device. Furthermore, install an industrial router 1970 in each insecticide or maintenance warehouse to enable it to connect to the Internet through 4G/WIFI/broadband and other methods.
  • a cloud box 1980 is installed in each insecticide or maintenance warehouse to collect and store data from all sensors in the warehouse. Configure the internal communication parameters of Cloud Box 1980 so that it can push the important parameters of gas production to the corresponding staff.
  • cameras and hard disk recorders can be installed in each insecticide or maintenance warehouse, equipment room, corridor and other places to remotely check the status of the warehouse; a private cloud can be installed in the central control center 1950, and a cloud box can be installed in the private cloud
  • the matching configuration software and data software store all the collected data in the database and access it according to the permission settings (for example, advanced users or ordinary users).
  • an industrial firewall 1960 at the 1950 network outlet of the central data center it is used to intercept network attacks on the central data center from external networks and protect the network security of the data center.
  • the industrial router 1970 can realize that the device establishes a network connection with the central information center 1950.
  • the data software of the information center can directly read all the data inside the cloud box 1980, and store it in the data center for data analysis.
  • the custom warehouse management module includes: a personnel management module 2010, a warehouse management module 2020, a warehouse division module 2030, and a fire safety prevention module 2040.
  • corresponding sub-modules can also be expanded according to actual application conditions.
  • the custom warehouse management module is open, and relevant information can be implanted according to the needs, and the modules can be divided according to the needs, which is convenient for personnel management and guarantees the quality of work, and at the same time can further ensure the quality of Chinese herbal medicines.
  • the personnel management module 2010 may input the name, work number, position, daily work record of the staff, the status of on-site check-in, etc., and store or upload the information for preparation as required Shift view.
  • the warehousing management module 2020 can record the names of Chinese medicinal materials, inventory, the amount of each delivery, the remaining quantity, the delivery time, the delivery person, etc. according to the divided warehouse area, which is convenient for later information traceability. Other modules can customize specific functions as needed.

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Abstract

一种中药材气调储藏系统及其控制方法，包括：中央控制装置（130）；以及一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统（110-120），其中一个中药材气调储藏分系统（110-120）管理一个或多个存储中药材的气密围护结构（113）；中央控制装置（130）经配置以实时监视一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统（110-120），控制一个或多个气密围护结构（113）中氧含量和湿度。通过中央控制装置（130）既可以实现多系统、多空间集中控制，又能与用户终端设备相连，实时将数据传输给终端用户；同时，还能实现针对不同种类药材杀虫或养护的需求，自动生成最适宜的养护储藏或杀虫调控参数，满足大中型中药材仓储需要，减少不必要的人工操作，提高了中药材品质保证。

Description

一种中药材气调储藏系统及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及中药储藏领域，特别地涉及一种中药材气调储藏系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
中药材作为一种药用价值高的作物，在疾病预防和保健方面发挥着巨大作用，其品质与其产地、储藏的方式及环境有重要关系，中药材在储藏过程中，受温度、湿度、空气、光照、霉菌和害虫等因素的影响，常常会出现发霉、虫蛀、变色、泛油、风化等现象，使药效降低、消失甚至产生毒副作用，特别是对大量中药材的存储，这种问题更为严重，不仅影响其经济效益，更使中药材临床应用的有效性和安全性失去保障。
气调杀虫/养护技术是通过调控中药材储存环境中的氧浓度来进行储存的一种有效方法。研究表明，气调养护法不仅可以杀虫、防霉，而且还能够保持药材原有的品相特征，减少药效损耗，被认为是一种科学的养护方法。《中药材仓储管理规范》(SB/T11094-2014)的核心条款中明确规定，中药材在储存过程中不得用磷化铝熏蒸、不得滥用硫黄熏蒸，储存30天以上的中药材应采用气调储存等养护方法。
对于药企而言，面临着药材种类繁多、仓储量大等问题，如何采用现代化 技术手段，满足中药材仓储过程中“杀虫防虫、防霉抑菌、保性状、控水分”等需求，实现中药材经济、安全、高效的仓储化管理迫在眉睫。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种中药材气调储藏系统，包括：中央控制装置；以及一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，其中一个中药材气调储藏分系统管理一个或多个存储中药材的气密围护结构；其中，中央控制装置经配置以实时监视一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，控制一个或多个气密围护结构中氧含量和湿度。
如上所述的系统，其中中央控制装置经配置以监视和控制一个或多个气密围护结构的温度。
如上所述的系统，其中中央控制装置经配置以监视和控制一个或多个气密围护结构的二氧化碳含量。
如上所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括：综合检控装置，其经配置以基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息生成执行指令；以及一个或多个执行装置，其经配置以接收执行指令调整一个或多个气密围护的氧含量、湿度、温度和二氧化碳含量中的一者或多者。
如上所述的系统，其中综合检控装置经配置以来自一个或多个传感器的信息发送到中央控制装置。
如上所述的系统，其中综合检控装置经配置以基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息与对应的预定阈值比较。
如上所述的系统，其中综合检控装置经配置以接收中央控制装置的更新预定阈值的指令。
如上所述的系统，其中一个或多个执行装置包括低氧装置、控湿装置、空调系统、控制阀中的一者或多者。
如上所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多个气密围护结构，各个气密围护结构的含氧量和湿度可以单独控制。
如上所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护，各组气密围护结构的含氧量和湿度可以单独控制。
如上所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护，各组气密围护结构的含氧量可以单独控制，至少一组气密围护结构中各个气密围护结构的湿度可以单独控制。
一种中药材气调储藏系统控制方法，包括：实时监视一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，其中一个中药材气调储藏分系统管理一个或多个存储中药材的气密围护结构；以及实时控制一个或多个气密围护结构中氧含量和湿度。
如上所述的方法，进一步包括：基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息生成执行指令；以及接收执行指令调整一个或多个气密围护的氧含量、湿度、温度和二氧化碳含量中的一者或多者。
如上所述的方法，进一步包括将来自一个或多个传感器的信息发送到中央控制装置。
如上所述的方法，进一步包括基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息与对应的预定阈值比较。
如上所述的方法，进一步包括接收中央控制装置的更新预定阈值的指令。
本发明通过中央控制装置既可以实现多系统、多空间集中控制，又能与用户终端设备相连，实时将数据传输给终端用户。同时，实现针对不同种类药材杀虫或养护的需求，自动生成最适宜的养护储藏或杀虫调控参数，满足大中型中药材仓储需要，减少不必要的人工操作，降低对仓储管理人员专业水平的要求，提高管理效率，可实现仓储系统可追溯管理，保证中药材全过程受控，降 低企业运营成本，同时提高了中药材品质保证。
附图说明
下面，将结合附图对本发明的优选实施方式进行进一步详细的说明，其中：
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏系统示意图；
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏系统控制示意图；
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏分系统示意图；
图4A是根据本发明的一个实施例的纯度调节单元的示意图；
图4B是根据本发明的另一个实施例的纯度调节单元的示意图；
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的独立并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图；
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的分组并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图；
图7是根据本发明的另一个实施例的分组并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图；
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例的分组串联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图；
图9是根据本发明的另一个实施例的分组串联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图；
图10是根据本发明的一个实施例的气体调节方法的流程图；
图11是根据本发明一个实施例的配气装置的示意图；
图12是根据本发明一个实施例的低氧方法的流程图；
图13是根据本发明的一个实施例的智能仓储专家系统的结构框图；
图14是根据本发明的一个实施例的参数设置模块的结构框图；
图15是根据本发明的一个实施例的信息查询模块的结构框图；
图16是根据本发明的一个实施例的实时显示模块的结构框图；
图17是根据本发明的一个实施例的故障信息模块的结构框图；
图18是根据本发明的一个实施例的数据存储模块的结构框图；
图19是根据本发明的一个实施例的远程控制模块的结构框图；以及
图20是根据本发明的一个实施例的自定义仓储管理模块的结构框图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在以下的详细描述中，可以参看作为本申请一部分用来说明本申请的特定实施例的各个说明书附图。在附图中，相似的附图标记在不同图式中描述大体上类似的组件。本申请的各个特定实施例在以下进行了足够详细的描述，使得具备本领域相关知识和技术的普通技术人员能够实施本申请的技术方案。应当理解，还可以利用其它实施例或者对本申请的实施例进行结构、逻辑或者电性的改变。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏系统的示意图。如图1所示，按照中药材仓储库房的面积、仓储库房所处楼层等限制条件，可对中药材气调储藏系统100设置多个区域，每个区域内可设置一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统110-120等。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏系统控制示意图。结合图1和图2所示，中央控制装置130与中药材气调储藏分系统110-120的综合 检控装置221-223通信连接，接收各中药材气调储藏分系统110-120发出的信息，实现集中、实时监控各分系统的运行状态，对中药材养护空间内环境参数集中显示等。
如图2所示，221-223分别代表单个中药材气调储藏分系统的综合监测装置。以一个中药材气调储藏分系统为例，一个中药材气调储藏分系统包括一个综合检控装置221，其接收中药材气调储藏分系统中各传感器，如温湿度传感器231、压力传感器、O 2传感器，CO 2传感器、气体流量传感器等或其他相关检测装置发出的信息，分析信息内容并将数据与内置的参数进行比对，发送指令至各装置以控制各处气体流速、组成等。接收指令并输送气体的装置包括但不限于低氧装置241、控湿装置242、空调系统243、控制阀244、阀门执行器245等。同时，综合检控装置221将接收的各传感器及相关检测装置的信息，以及将数据进行分析比对、处理的结果发送至中央控制装置210。其他各个气调养护储藏分系统均以此种方式工作。
中央控制装置130与终端用户140通信连接，将中药材气调储藏系统的实时数据传输至各终端用户141-142。根据用户需求以及监控管理的需要，可设置一个或者多个终端用户141-142。本发明中所说终端用户可以为PC机、手机、Pad等。
通过中央控制装置210中智能仓储专家系统或其他软件、系统等对各主动气调养护储藏分系统气密围护空间中的气体参数进行设置，接收各个气调养护储藏分系统110-120发送的信息，分析并对各个中药材气调储藏分系统110-120进行实时、集中监控。智能仓储专家系统或其他软件、系统等自动控制低氧装置241的运行状态，确保经干燥、净化、过滤及氮氧分离之后制取洁净的低氧气体。根据各气密围护空间内中药材养护储藏所需要的湿度进行PID精确控湿调控，通过调控控湿装置242、空调系统243、控制阀244、阀门执行器245等调节加湿气体与非加湿气体的比例。通过管路及气体通断控制阀等将 湿度适宜的低氧气体送至气密围护空间。气密围护空间内的终端检测装置通过各种传感器，如温湿度传感器231、压力传感器232、O 2传感器232、CO 2传感器、气体流量传感器235等实时检测气密围护结构内气体各项参数，将检测值实时传输给综合检控装置221-223，再上传至中央控制装置210。多个主动气调养护储藏分系统的数据通过各自的综合检控装置221-223上传至中央控制系统210，并与用户终端设备(例如，PC、手机或者Pad等)等通讯，实时查看各分系统的运行数据。用户终端设备的数量可根据用户需求设置一个或多个。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏分系统示意图。以中药材气调储藏分系统300为例，结合图1和图3所示，一个中药材气调储藏分系统300包括如图所示的一套低氧装置111、控湿装置112、气密围护结构113和综合检控装置114。
低氧装置111可以包括气体压缩单元301、氮氧分离单元302等。气体压缩单元301和氮氧分离单元302一起构成了低氧装置111的主体，并且为其它设备提供动力气源。当然，低氧装置111也可以包括其他元件或者以本领域的其他技术实现。进一步地，气体压缩单元301可以为往复活塞式，旋转叶片式或旋转螺杆式等。氮氧分离单元302包括分子筛制氮设备、膜制氮设备或其他制氮设备。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在气体压缩单元301和氮氧分离单元302之间包括空气洁净装置(图中未示出)，以对气体压缩单元301输出的气体进行清洁。举例而言，空气洁净装置包括多级过滤设备和/或空气干燥设备。
根据本发明的一个实施例，中药材气调储藏分系统300还可以包括气体调节装置。根据本发明的一个实施例，气体调节部分可以包括纯度调节单元303和配气单元304；其中，纯度调节单元303、配气单元304分别连接在氮氧分离单元302的两个出口和气密围护结构113的进气口305之间。此种连接方式仅仅为一种可能的连接方式，其他的连接方式也是可能的。例如，纯度调节单 元303和配气单元304可以连接在氮氧分离单元302的一个出口上，或者分别连接到气密围护结构113的两个进气口上。进一步地，根据本发明的另一种实施方式，纯度调节单元303和配气单元304可以整合在同一设备中。
根据本发明的一个实施例，控湿装置112包括除湿单元和增湿单元，或者兼具两种功能的设备。控湿装置112调整进入气密围护结构113气体的湿度。根据本发明的一个实施例，控湿装置112可以设置在低氧装置111和气密围护结构113之间管路上的任何位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例，控湿装置112可以经控制以提供不同湿度的气体。根据中药材养护储藏需求对进入气密围护空间内的气体湿度进行PID精确控制，调节加湿气体与非加湿气体的比例，以维持空间内湿度稳定性，保持药材水分恒定。
具体而言，当气密围护结构113中的湿度高于第一预定值/低于第二预定值，控湿装置112被控制以提供第一湿度的气体以降低/第二湿度的气体以升高气密围护结构113中的湿度。当气密围护结构113中的湿度低于第三预定值/高于第四预定值，控湿装置112被控制以停止工作或者提供第三湿度的气体以维持气密围护结构113中的湿度，从而将气密围护结构113的湿度控制在设定的范围。
根据本发明的一个实施例，中药材气调储藏系统100可以包括一个或者多个气密围护结构1131-1134。多个气密围护结构1131-1134可以组合使用。气密围护结构113可以为不同容积、不同形式的库房、文件柜、保管箱、以及柔性帐篷、袋子等气密容器。根据所要储藏的中药材的数量、类别、品级、养护时间及养护目的等条件，可以选择以上一种或者几种气密围护结构113组合使用。
气密围护结构113容积大小不一，不仅要对围护结构的底部、立面及顶部等进行气密处理；更重要的是配套气密门、线缆、管路等也应进行处理。一般 而言，气密库房及气密帐篷的换气率应不大于0.05/d，根据本发明一个优选的实施例，宜将其控制在0.02/d；气密储藏柜换气率应不大于0.02/d，根据本发明一个优选的实施例，宜将其控制在0.01/d。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当气密围护结构113的容积较大，例如超过100m 3以上时，为便于安全取放药材，系统可配置增氧装置117，以保障气密围护结构113内各种气体的含量。根据本发明的另一个实施例，当气密围护结构113容积在500m 3以上时，为便于工作人员安全进出，中药材气调储藏系统可配置呼吸装置(图中未示出)等。
气密围护结构113内还可以包括气体检测装置115以探测气密围护结构113中气体的温度、湿度、压力、氧气含量、二氧化碳含量等。根据本发明的一个实施例，每一个气密围护结构1131-1134内均包括气体检测装置1151-1154。
各气密围护结构1131-1134内的气体检测装置1151-1154采集到的信号均上传至各自分区域内的综合检控装置114。综合监控装置114将收到的数据与设定值进行比对，通过反馈指令自动控制低氧装置111、控湿装置112、空调系统116、控制阀118等运行状态；综合监控装置114将所有监测数据上传至中央控制装置130进行数据集成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，中药材气调储藏分系统300还可以包括控制阀118。根据本发明的一个实施例，每个中药材气调储藏分系统300包括一个或多个控制阀1181-1184，可以设置控湿装置112与每个气密围护结构113的出气口105之间均包括控制阀118。控制阀118连接至处理器108，处理器108通过控制其开关以实现控制流入气密围护结构113中气体的体积及气体流速等。
中药材气调储藏分系统包括多个气密围护结构1131-3314时，气密围护结构1131-1134的连接方式可以有多种，例如，可以独立并联式连接、分组并联 式连接、分组串联式连接等。多个气密围护结构1131-1134组合式使用时，各通断控制阀1181-1184通径要与气调养护控湿系统的气量、连接形式等匹配。例如，当气密围护结构1131-1134采用独立或分组并联式连接时，气体流量可以控制在5-10m/s；当气密围护结构1131-1134采用分组串联式连接时，气体流量可以控制在3-5m/s。每个中药材气调储藏分系统300均配置一个或多个控制阀118，或配置支路阀门执行器(图中未示出)，用于控制气体的流动、排放等。根据本发明的一个实施方式，气密围护结构并非必要特征。
综合检控装置114可以包括气体检测单元307、处理器308和显示屏309等。综合检控装置114可对分系统内的配套设备运行状态、启停顺序等进行程序控制，并可实现多个中药材气密围护空间内参数的独立设置、显示、存储等，控制气体调节系统的运行与相应气密围护空间通断控制阀门118的启停，实现气密围护结构113内储藏环境参数等集中、独立检控。
气体检测单元307接收气体检测装置115的信号以实现气体的检测。气体检测装置115和气体检测单元307可以以多种方式实现。例如，气体检测装置115可以仅为一个传感器，其实现对气体采样，并将针对采样气体检测的电信号、红外信号等信号发送到气体检测单元进行处理。或者，气体检测装置115可以包括电信号或红外信号的处理部分，而将经处理的信号发送到气体检测单元307。气体检测单元307根据接收的信号将其转换为对应的一个或多种气体的浓度或其他量度，并发送到处理器308。
处理器308根据气密围护结构113中氧气和/或其他气体的浓度，控制气体压缩单元、氮氧分离单元的启动/停止；以及控制纯度调节装置和配气装置置换气密围护结构113中的气体。进一步地，处理器308通过显示屏309向使用者展示气密围护结构113中氧气和/或其他气体的浓度。
处理器308根据气密围护结构113的湿度，控制湿度调节装置提供不同湿度的气体以置换气密围护结构113中的气体。进一步地，处理器通过显示屏309 向使用者展示气密围护结构113的湿度。
根据本发明的一个实施例，综合检控装置114还可以包括输入单元(图中未示出)。使用者可以通过输入单元和显示屏309进行交互，对本发明的中药材气调储藏分系统300进行控制。例如，设定气密围护结构113中氧气和/或其他气体的希望浓度；设定气体压缩单元301、氮氧分离单元302、控制纯度调节单元303和配气单元304的工作程序；或者控制气体检测装置115的灵敏度等。根据本发明的一个实施例，显示屏309可以为触摸屏，同时兼具显示和输入功能。
根据本发明的一个实施例，依需要，中药材气调储藏分系统300还可配置空调系统116。所述的空调系统116包括空调控制装置1161、空调压缩机1162以及换热器及风机117等。换热器及风机安装于气密围护结构113内，每个空调系统116包括一个或多个换热器及风机1171-1174。空调控制装置1161连接至综合检控装置114，综合检控装置114根据气密围护结构113内气体分布情况，向空调控制装置1161发送指令。空调控制装置1161接收指令，并控制空调压缩机1162以及换热器及风机117工作，进一步调控气密围护结构113内气体温度等。
图4A是根据本发明的一个实施例的纯度调节单元的示意图。如图4A所示，纯度调节单元400包括进气口401、出气口402以及在进气口401和出气口402之间的管路403。进气口401与氮氧分离单元302的出气口相连。根据本发明的一个实施例，氮氧分离单元302能够提供不同流量和不同浓度的氮气。进一步地，在管路403上包括一个或多个支路阀门，例如：第一支路阀门407、第二支路阀门408以及第三支路阀门409。多个支路404-406的一端依次连接在各支路阀门407-409，另一端与出气口402连接。
图4B是根据本发明的另一个实施例的纯度调节单元的示意图。如图4B所示，纯度调节单元400包括进气口401、出气口402以及在进气口401和出气 口402之间的管路403。进气口401与氮氧分离单元302的出气口相连。根据本发明的一个实施例，氮氧分离单元302能够提供不同流量和不同浓度的氮气。进一步地，在管路403上包括一个或多个支路404-406，例如：第一支路304、第二支路405以及第三支路406。多个管路404-406的一端各自包括支路阀门407-409。多个支路404-406可以连接到气源420。气源420可以为氮氧分离单元302或者其他气源。
根据本发明的一个实施例，多个支路404-406可以提供不同浓度和不同流量的氮气。举例而言，多个支路404-406可以具有不同的管径；或者阀门407-409可以具有不同的大小。处理器308可以控制阀门407-409的开启和关闭。
根据本发明的一个实施例，纯度调节单元400包括气体检测单元411，用来检测气体中氧气等气体的浓度。气体检测单元411可以设置在出气口402中，也可以设置在管路403中。根据本发明的另一个实施例，气体检测单元411可以设置在纯度调节单元400之外的气体管路上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，纯度调节单元400包括流量检测单元(图中未示出)，用来检测纯度调节装置提供的气体的流量。流量检测装置可以设置在出气口402中，也可以设置在管路403中。根据本发明的另一个实施例，流量检测单元可以设置在纯度调节单元400之外的气体管路上。根据本发明的一个实施例，气体检测单元411和流量检测单元可以相互集成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，处理器308控制氮氧分离单元302提供的气体的浓度和流量以及多个支路404-406提供的气体的浓度和流量，从而在纯度调节装置400中提供所需流量和浓度的气体。由于气体压缩单元301和氮氧分离单元302是中药材气调储藏系统中主要的能耗设备，因此，提高气密围护空间内的低氧置换效率，可采用多种不同纯度的氮气置换，以减少气体压缩单元301和氮氧分离单元302的运行时间，减少能耗。而本发明的纯度调节单元400与 氮氧分离单元302相互配合，使得对进入气密围护结构113中的气体进行精细调节成为可能。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的独立并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图。如图5所示，多个气密围护结构531-534共用一个综合检控装置510、低氧装置和控湿装置。此处可将低氧装置和控湿装置合并成一个低氧控湿装置520。每个气密围护结构531-534与低氧控湿装置520之间包括控制阀541-544，控制流入和流出气密围护结构531-534的气体流速等。每个气密围护结构531-534内部还包含气体检测装置551-554，以探测其所在气密围护结构中气体的温度、湿度、压力、氧气含量、二氧化碳含量等，并将所有数据发送至综合检控装置510。
当多个气密围护结构中各自存放不同种类的中药材，且各种药材所需的储藏条件一致，即低氧装置、控湿装置与控制阀的通径等匹配情况下，可对各气密围护结构采用独立并联式连接。
如图5所示，当有多个中药材气密围护结构531-534需要进行独立调节时，例如，对气密围护结构531进行独立调节时，综合检控装置510发出指令关闭控制阀542-544，打开控制阀541，综合检控装置发送指令，对气密围护结构531降氧控湿处理。其他气密围护空间处理方式类似，以实现各气密围护空间内参数的独立调节。各气密围护空间内的参数通过各自内部的气体检测装置传送至综合检控装置510，完成数据处理、显示与存储。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的分组并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图。如图6所示，多个气密围护结构631-633,641-643,651-653共用一个综合检控装置610、低氧装置和控湿装置。此处可将低氧装置和控湿装置合并成一个低氧控湿装置620。多个气密围护结构分成若干组，如第一组包括气密围护结构631-633；第二组包括气密围护结构641-643；第N组包括气密围护结构651-653等。
根据本发明的一个实施例，每个气密围护结构631-633内部还包含气体检测装置。例如，气密围护结构631中包括气体检测装置6911，气密围护结构632中包括气体检测装置6912，气密围护结构633中包括气体检测装置6913等。以探测其所在气密围护结构中气体的温度、湿度、压力、氧气含量、二氧化碳含量等，并将所有数据发送至综合检控装置610。如图6所示，根据需要，可在每组支路上设置通断控制阀门或可配置独立控湿单元，调节每个气密围护空间的支路控制阀的开度，尽量使同组各库房内参数区域一致。如第一组包括气密围护结构631-633包括控制阀660；第二组包括气密围护结构641-643包括控制阀670；第N组包括气密围护结构651-653包括控制阀680等。控制阀660-680为各组气密围护结构的总控制阀。
在每组气密围护结构中，每个气密围护结构的进气口处也包括控制阀。以第一组气密围护结构631-633为例，气密围护结构632进气口处管道上包括支路控制阀661、气密围护结构641进气口处管道上包括支路控制阀662，以及气密围护结构633进气口处管道上包括支路控制阀663等。其他各组气密围护结构中结构均与第一组气密围护结构类似。
当检测到某个中药材储藏空间内的参数达标后，系统可以自动切断该支路控制阀。为确保使用的安全性，当同组的多个空间均合格后，同组仅有一个或几个不合格，系统能够自动依据空间内终端压力检测传感器进行空间内压力安全检测，当超出设定值，系统能够自动放空部分氮气或调节制氮系统的工作频率。
当低氧控湿装置620具有较强的降氧控湿能力，且各种药材所需的储藏条件基本一致时，为避免资源浪费，可单次对多个空间进行分组并联式降氧控湿操作。
图7是根据本发明的另一个实施例的分组并联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图。其结构及连接方式与图6类似，所不同之处在于，在同一个中药材 气调储藏分系统中，包含多个控湿装置731-733。每一组气密围护结构包括一个控湿装置。例如，第一组包括气密围护结构包括第一控湿装置731；第二组包括气密围护结构包括第二控湿装置732；第N组包括气密围护结构包括第N控湿装置733等。控湿装置安装于低氧装置720与每组气密围护结构的总控制阀之间。
为实现各气密空间的快速降氧控湿，在图6的基础上，在每组主管路上配置一套加湿量可调的控湿装置731-733。当多组的气密围护空间出现少数几个空间内参数不合格时，系统能够同时对多组的、多个参数不合格的空间内气体进行独立调节。当同组内某个或某几个气调空间内参数合格后，系统可自动切换至对应的支路的其他气调养护空间。
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例的分组串联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图。如图8所示，多个气密围护结构等共用一个综合检控装置810、低氧装置和控湿装置。此处可将低氧装置和控湿装置合并成一个低氧控湿装置820。多个气密围护结构分成若干组，如第一组包括气密围护结构831-833。
根据本发明的一个实施例，每个气密围护结构831-833内部还包含气体检测装置。例如，气密围护结构831中包括气体检测装置841，气密围护结构832中包括气体检测装置842，气密围护结构833中包括气体检测装置843等。以探测其所在气密围护结构中气体的温度、湿度、压力、氧气含量、二氧化碳含量等，并将所有数据发送至综合检控装置810。
如图8所示，根据需要，可在每组支路上设置通断控制阀门或可配置独立控湿单元，调节每个气密围护空间的支路控制阀的开度，尽量使同组各库房内参数区域一致。如第一组包括气密围护结构831-833包括控制阀850等。控制阀850为第一组气密围护结构的总控制阀。其他各组均与第一组结构及包含的装置单元类似。
当多个气调养护空间内存放的中药材种类相同或相近且不相互干扰时，可 以采用如图8所示的分组串联形式连接，以提高降氧控湿速率。如图8所示，串联的气密围护空间数量不宜过多，以免难增加控制难度。为避免降氧控湿对其他组气密围护空间的参数干扰，每组气密围护结构可独立调控，或者在低氧装置、控湿装置的降氧控湿能力允许的情况下，对储藏参数相同的几组气调养护空间同时调控。采用分组串联形式连接的气密围护空间中，同组气密围护空间的各项参数相同。
图9是根据本发明的另一个实施例的分组串联式中药材气调储藏分系统连接示意图。其结构及连接方式与图8类似，所不同之处在于，在同一个中药材气调储藏分系统中，包含多个控湿装置931-934。每一组气密围护结构包括一个控湿装置。例如，第一组包括气密围护结构包括第一控湿装置931；第二组包括气密围护结构包括第二控湿装置932；第N组包括气密围护结构包括第N控湿装置934等。控湿装置安装于低氧装置920与每组气密围护结构的总控制阀之间。
当低氧装置和控制装置足以对气调养护结构降氧控湿的情况下，每组气调养护装置内存放的中药材种类相同或相近且不相互干扰时，可以采用分组串联形式连接，以提高系统应用的效率及灵活性。在图8所示连接形式的基础上，在每组串联的主管路上各配置一套控湿装置，可对多组的气密围护结构内的湿度、各类气体含量等进行独立调控。采用分组串联形式连接的气密围护空间中，同组气密围护空间的各项参数相同。
图10是根据本发明的一个实施例的中药材气调储藏分系统气体调节方法的流程图。如图10所示，气体调节方法1000包括如下步骤：在步骤1010，利用氮氧分离单元提供第一浓度的第一气体；在步骤1020，控制管路上的阀门，提供可变流量或浓度的支路气体。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在步骤1020，以梯度的方式提供不同浓度的氮气。具体而言，根据本发明的一种实施方式，步骤1020可以包括：在步骤1021， 控制管路上的阀门，提供第一流量的支路气体。可选地，在步骤1022，经过一段时间后，控制管路上的阀门，提供第二流量的支路气体。可选地，在步骤1023，经过一段时间后，控制管路上的阀门，提供第三流量的支路气体。其中，第一流量小于第二流量，第二流量小于第三流量。根据本发明的一种实施方式，多个支路上的多个阀门可以经控制而同时开启或者部分开启；或者部分关闭或者全部关闭，从而能够提供多种不同流量的支路气体以供选择。
根据本发明的另一种实施方式，步骤1020可以包括：在步骤1022，控制管路上的阀门，提供第一浓度的支路气体。可选地，在步骤1022，经过一段时间后，控制管路上的阀门，提供第二浓度的支路气体。可选地，在步骤1023，经过一段时间后，控制管路上的阀门，提供第三浓度的支路气体。其中，第一浓度小于第二浓度，第二浓度小于第三浓度。根据本发明的一个实施例，多个支路上的多个阀门可以经控制而同时开启或者部分开启；或者部分关闭或者全部关闭，从而能够提供多种不同浓度的支路气体以供选择。根据本发明的一个实施例，流量与浓度的调节可以同时进行，以达到快速置换的效果。
在步骤1030，利用氮氧分离单元提供第二浓度的第二气体；在步骤1040，控制管路上的阀门，可变流量的支路气体；其中，第二浓度大于第一浓度。由于气密围护结构中要求的氧气浓度通常很低，如果直接提供高浓度氮气进行置换，置换效率并不高，能耗也容易增加。而采用梯度降氧的方式可以最大限度地减少能耗，提供置换效率。本发明的方法中，利用氮氧分离单元提供不同浓度的氮气是一种梯度方式，而增加可变流量的支路气体也同样是一种梯度方式。由此，本发明的中药材气调储藏分系统可以达到高效节能的目的。
在步骤1050，利用氮氧分离单元提供第三浓度的第三气体；在步骤1060，控制管路上的阀门，可变流量的支路气体；其中，第三浓度大于第二浓度。采用多梯度方式，逐次达到气密围护结构所需的低氧含量，形成低氧环境。
根据本发明的一个实施例，气体调节方法还包括：经过预设的时间后，对 氮氧分离单元和/或多个支路上的阀门进行调整，以提供不同浓度的气体。
根据本发明的一个实施例，气体调节方法还包括：检测气密围护结构中气体的浓度，并根据检测的浓度对制氮机和/或多个支路上的阀门进行调整。例如：当气密围护结构中气体的浓度达到第一值时，调整制氮机和/或管路上的阀门以提供第一浓度的气体；当气密围护结构中气体的浓度达到第二值时，调整制氮机和/或管路上的阀门以提供第二浓度的气体；以此类推，直至气密围护结构中气体达到需要的浓度。
根据本发明的一个实施例，气体调节方法还包括：检测纯度调节装置提供的气体的浓度，并根据检测的浓度和流量对制氮机和/或多个支路上的阀门进行调整。例如：当纯度调节装置的气体的浓度达到第一值时，调整制氮机和/或管路上的阀门以提供第一浓度的气体；当纯度调节装置的气体的浓度达到第二值时，调整制氮机和/或管路上的阀门以提供第二浓度的气体。
根据本发明的一个实施例，可以整合气密围护结构中气体的浓度和纯度调节装置提供的气体的浓度以及相应的时间，以更为精准地控制制氮机和/或多个支路上的阀门。例如，根据气密围护结构中气体的浓度调整氮氧分离单元输出气体的浓度。根据纯度调节装置提供的气体的浓度或者时间，调整多个支路上的阀门。由此，本发明提供一种非常灵活的气体纯度调节方式，可以最大限度地提高气密围护结构中气体置换的效率，降低能耗。
图11是根据本发明一个实施例的配气装置示意图。如图11所示，配气装置1100包括进气口1101、出气口1102以及在进气口1101和出气口1102之间的管路1103。进气口1101与氮氧分离单元1102的出气口相连。根据本发明的一个实施例，氮氧分离单元1102能够提供不同流量和不同浓度的氮气。进一步地，在管路上包括一个或多个支路，例如：第一支路1104、第二支路1105以及第三支路1106。多个空气管路1104-1106的一端分别连接在管路1104上，另一端通过阀门1107-1109连接到相同或不同的气源，例如第一气源、第二气 源和第三气源。根据本发明的一个实施例，多种气源可以为二氧化碳、氩气或其他气体。根据本发明的一个实施例，各个气源的气体经过洁净处理和/或干燥处理。
根据本发明的一个实施例，多个支路1104-1106可以连接相同或者不同的气源。处理器308可以控制阀门1107-1109的开启和关闭，从而向管路1104提供来自各个气源的气体。根据本发明的一种实施方式，当多个支路1104-1106连接到相同种类的气源时，如纯度调节装置的控制方法也可以应用于配气装置1100中以提供更为精准的配气。
根据本发明的一个实施例，配气装置的出口与纯度调节装置的出口之后的管路合并，然后再进入气密围护结构，以减少气密围护结构的入口。当然，配气装置也可以选择独立进入气密围护结构。根据本发明的一个实施例，在进入气密围护结构之前包括流量计，以测量进入气密围护结构的总流量。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，配气装置可以与纯度调节装置整合为同一个装置。例如，不同气源的管路可以与纯度调节装置的管路靠近而将二者合并为同一装置。根据本发明的一个实施例，各个管路既可以连接压缩空气也可以连接不同的气源从而可以更为灵活地使用这些管路。根据本发明的一个实施方式，各个阀门具有不同的ID，在控制部分中，可以根据ID来设定阀门连接的是哪种气源，从而实现不同的控制。
图12是根据本发明一个实施例的中药材保存方法的流程图。如图所示，保存方法1200包括如下步骤：在步骤1210，利用低氧装置提供第一浓度的气体。在步骤1220，利用气体调节装置提供不同浓度、流量和/或种类的气体，例如二氧化碳、氩气或其他种类的气体。在步骤1230，利用控湿装置调节气体的湿度。在步骤1240，利用低氧装置提供第二浓度的气体；其中第二浓度大于第一浓度。本实施例的方法提供了一种以梯度方式降低气密围护结构内氧含量的方法。在步骤1220则提供了用于提高杀虫效果的辅助气体，例如二氧化碳、 氩气或其他种类的气体，从而可以降低低氧的时间，节省能源。
根据本发明的一个实施方式，本发明的方法进一步包括：调节进入气密围护结构中气体的湿度。
根据本发明的一个实施方式，本发明的方法进一步包括：利用气体调节部分提供支路气体。支路气体可以为压缩空气。支路气体的提供可以减少低氧装置提供的气体流量，从而减少能耗。进一步地，提供支路气体并不会降低气体置换的效率。
根据本发明的一个实施方式，本发明的方法进一步包括：响应于经过一段时间或者来自气体调节装置或者气体调节装置之后的气体检测装置或者气密围护结构的气体检测装置的信息，利用制氮部分提供第二浓度的气体或者改变支路气体的流量。本发明提供一种非常灵活的控制方式，响应于预定的程序，或者气体调节装置输出的气体浓度的变化，或者气密围护结构的气体浓度的变化，可以控制制氮机提供不同浓度的氮气，或者控制多个支路上的阀门提供不同流量的支路气体。
举例而言，本发明的一个实施方式可以为响应于来自气密围护结构的气体检测装置的信息，利用制氮部分提供第二浓度的气体；以及响应于经过一段时间或者来自气体调节装置或者气体调节装置之后的气体检测装置的信息，改变支路气体的流量。
同样的控制方式也可以应用于不同种类气体的提供。根据本发明的一个实施方式，本发明的方法进一步包括：响应于经过一段时间或者来自气体调节装置或者气体调节装置之后的气体检测装置或者气密围护结构的气体检测装置的信息，利用气体调节部分改变不同种类的气体的流量。
为了实现上述方法流程，本发明还提出了一种智能仓储专家系统，可以实现气调养护和气调杀虫等功能，同时还可以实现其它附属仓储管理功能。中央控制装置110通过智能仓储专家系统，对中药材气调储藏系统进行设定参数并 实时管理。具体实现方式如下：
图13为根据本发明的一个实施例的智能仓储专家系统的结构框图。如图13所示，智能仓储专家系统1300包括但不限于参数设置模块1310、信息查询模块1320、实时显示模块1330、数据存储模块1340、故障信息模块1350、远程监控模块1360和自定义仓储管理模块1370。各模块的功能将在下文中详细描述。此系统中所提到的设备，即为上述的中药材气调储藏系统或者中药材气调储藏分系统。
图14是根据本发明的一个实施例的参数设置模块的结构框图。根据本发明的一个实施例，参数设置模块1400可以设置中药材气调储藏系统的各个参数，如选择工作模式，设置储藏中药材的数量、时间、货号或批次号等，气密围护结构中氧含量、温度、湿度、压力等参数等。根据本发明的其他实施例，也可以通过在智能仓储专家系统中选择药材类，系统自动生成相应的气调参数。例如：选择枸杞，系统自动生成气调参数：氧含量3％，温度5℃，湿度值50％RH等；选择蜈蚣，系统自动生成气调参数：氧含量5％，温度5℃，湿度值：50％RH等。此处所列举参数仅为参考，不用于限制本发明的保护范围。当然，根据实际储藏需要，用户也可以手动输入气调参数。
如图14所示，参数设置模块1400，包括选择工作模式及库房1410、设置氧含量1420、设置温湿度1430、设置入库时间1440、选择药材品种及入库量1450、选择批次号及检验员1460等。
其中选择工作模式及库房1410可以包括选择特定的库房，设定其杀虫模式、养护模式或者其他工作模式等。同时，根据所选的工作模式相应设置含氧量1420、温湿度1430及入库时间1440。
选择药材品种及入库量1450，可从系统内存储的药材种类中选择所要存储的药材品种。例如：选择枸杞后，系统自动生成气调参数氧含量3％-5％，优选3％，温度5℃-20℃，优选5℃以下；湿度范围：35％-60％RH，优选50％等；选择 蜈蚣的气调参数为氧含量3％-5％，优选5％，温度5℃-20℃，优选5℃以下，35％-65％RH，优选50％等。工作人员根据经验及系统推荐，优选设置各项参数。此处所列举参数仅为参考，不用于限制本发明的保护范围。
图15是根据本发明的一个实施例的信息查询模块的结构框图。信息查询模块1500为多种信息汇集的大型数据库。如图15所示，信息查询模块1500包括但不限于药材基本信息查询1510、杀虫气调参数查询1520、养护气调参数查询1530、药材同贮性查询1540、最佳时间查询1550、不同药材常见害虫查询1560。
其中，药材基本信息查询1510包含查询药材的主要产地、生长习性及采收季节、主要药性成分及规定下限值、贮藏常见问题、其它相似药材等。杀虫气调参数查询1520和养护气调参数查询1530可以实现上百种乃至上千种中药材的最佳杀虫及养护气调参数的查询。根据本发明的一个实施例，腌菜的杀虫/养护气调查询方式可以为：根据名称查询、分类查询、产地查询等多种查询方式。例如，分类查询可以包括：植物组织类药材，如根与根茎类、花类、果实类、种子类、草叶类；动物类药材；矿物类药材等进行分类查询。
更进一步的，例如：根与根茎类包括：石斛、人参、干姜、党参、当归、地黄、山药、三七等；花类包括：槐花、金银花、菊花、茉莉花等；种子类包括：薏仁、桃仁、柏子仁、苦杏仁等；动物类药材包括：蛤蜊、刺猬皮、狗肾、鹿鞭、鹿茸、鹿肉、蕲蛇、白花蛇、乌梢蛇、九香虫、壁虎、蟋蟀、蜈蚣、地龙、土鳖虫、鳖甲、水蛭、紫河车、鸡内金、全蝎、僵蚕、穿山甲片、蜂房、桑螵蛸、水牛角、蛇蜕等；矿物类药材包括：硼砂、胆矾、磁石、代赭石、朱砂等。
更进一步的，例如，枸杞的养杀虫/护气调参数为氧含量3％-5％、温度5℃-20℃，湿度范围：35％-60％RH，最佳储藏时间3-6个月；柏子仁的杀虫/养护气调参数为氧含量2％-4％、温度5℃-20℃，35％-60％RH，最佳储藏时间3-6个 月；蜈蚣的杀虫/养护气调参数为氧含量3％-5％、温度5℃-20℃，35％-65％RH最佳储藏时间6-12个月。此处参数仅为本发明的一个实施例，不对本发明的保护范围做任何限定。值得说明的是，药材的杀虫气调参数和养护气调参数可以不同。
根据药材名称查询与之相克或相容的药材，即两种或者多种药材同贮性。查询药材同贮性1540可以利用不同品种的中药材所散发的特殊气味、吸潮性能或特有驱虫去霉化学成分的性质来防止另一种中药材发生虫、霉变质等，节约药材的贮藏成本。例如：丹皮与泽泻同贮，可使丹皮不易变色，泽泻也不易生虫；全蝎、海马、紫河车与花椒同贮具有防虫效果等。该模块具有编辑功能，通过设定的权限等级，可根据需要增添药材种类及相关信息，扩大数据库。
最佳时间查询1550包括最佳杀虫时间及最佳养护时间查询。严格控制杀虫养护时间，可以保存药材的完整性，保留药材的药性。常见害虫查询1560可以与药材同贮性查询1540结合，减少药材储藏贮存成本，提高药材的质量。
图16是根据本发明的一个实施例的信息查询模块的结构框图。根据需要，实时显示模块1600可以实现在显示屏或者终端设备上实时显示上述提到的各种参数，如设备的工作模式1610、气密养护结构的氧含量1620、气密养护结构的温湿度1630、设备运行状态1640、设备累计运行时间1650、库房号及所属库区1660等信息。
举例而言，实时显示模块可能显示信息：工作模式为杀虫工作模式，库房号为1号库房，所属库区为杀虫1区，储存药材为枸杞，储藏量为100垛，气调参数为氧含量3％、温度10℃、相对湿度为55％，设备运行状态为充氮降氧阶段，设备累计运行时间为12小时等信息。此处显示信息仅为本发明的一个实施例，根据设备的不同、存储药材的季节及存储药材等的不同，还可能显示其他参数信息。
图17是根据本发明的一个实施例的故障信息模块的结构框图。故障信息 模块1700中包括对中药材气调储藏系统的各项参数指标预警值及报警值。如图17所示，故障信息模块1700包括但不限于预警信息1710、报警信息1720、维护保养信息1730、设备间及穿堂低氧报警1740、库房紧急呼救报警1750功能等。故障信息模块1700通过各部分信息监视设备运转状态、库房安全状态，保护设备的安全。
中药材气调储藏系统工作过程中，综合检控装置将接收的信息发送至中央控制装置的专家控制系统。发送方式可以为4-20mA模拟量信号、485通讯信号或无线网络等方式。当中药材气调储藏系统中某一项或者某几项参数指标达到预警或报警值时，报警器将发出预警提示、声光报警或者报警停机，以提示工作人员。根据本发明的一个实施例，当参数指标严重超过预设值低于预设值时，中药材气调储藏系统可能会自动停机。例如，当库房走廊及设备间处于低氧状态，且氧含量低于17％时，警报器会发出报警提示，保障中药材气调储藏系统、库房及工作人员的安全。
图18是根据本发明的一个实施例的数据存储模块的结构框图。如图18所示，数据存储模块1800可以实现设备累计运行信息1810、库房气调参数累计信息1820、累计报警信息1830、录入的信息1840、累计杀虫数量及品种1850、工作中人员信息1860等内容的存储功能。
库房及设备累计运行信息1810可以包括：中药材气调储藏系统的温湿度、氧含量、开/停机状态、系统累计运行时间、故障报警信息等。根据本发明的一个实施例，数据存储模块1810可根据需要导出数据表格或曲线图。数据存储模块1800可以记录药材从入库、储藏到出库的全过程的所有信息，实现药材储藏的可追溯管理。
图19是根据本发明的一个实施例的数据存储模块的结构框图。如图19所示，远程监控模块1900可实现的功能有：设备状态及累计时间1910、库房相关参数1920、报警信息1930、参数查询及设置1940等模块，也可依需求信息 增加模块。
根据本发明的一个实施例，远程监控模块1900可以将上述数据如1910-1940上传至用户终端(如PC、手机、Pad等)。用户终端接收数据，用户可以可以查看系统运行状态、并进行参数查询以及数据分析等操作。根据本发明的一个实施例，不同用户具有不同等级的查看、分析操作权限。
根据本发明的一个实施例，远程监控模块1900的实现方式可以为：将终端采集的数据传输至远程设备。更进一步的，在每个杀虫或养护库房安装一台工业路由器1970，使其通过4G/WIFI/宽带等方式能够连接到互联网。每个杀虫或养护库房安装一台云盒子1980，用于采集并储存库房内所有传感器的数据。配置云盒子1980内部通讯参数使其能够将采气的重要参数推送至相应工作人员。根据需要可在每个杀虫或养护库房、设备间、走廊等地点安装摄像头以及硬盘录像机，远程查看库房的状态；可以在中央控制中心1950安装一套私有云，在私有云内安装与云盒子配套的组态软件与数据软件，将采集的所有数据存储到数据库内，根据权限设置(例如，高级用户或者普通用户)进行访问。通过在中央数据中心1950网络出口增加工业防火墙1960，用于拦截外部网络对中央数据中心的网络攻击，保护数据中心的网络安全。工业路由器1970可以实现该设备与中央信息中心1950建立网络联系，信息中心的数据软件可直接读取云盒子1980内部的所有数据，并存储到数据中心并进行数据分析。
图20是根据本发明的一个实施例的自定义仓储管理模块的结构框图。如图20所示，自定义仓储管理模块包括：人员管理模块2010、仓储管理模块2020、库区划分模块2030以及消防安全防范模块2040等。根据本发明的一个实施例，还可以根据实际应用情况拓展相应子模块。自定义仓储管理模块为开放性的，可依需求植入相关信息，并可依需求进行模块划分，方便人员的管理并且保证工作的质量，同时可以更进一步的保证中药材的品质。
举例而言，根据本发明的一个实施例，人员管理模块2010可录入工作人 员姓名、工号、岗位、每日工作记录，到岗签到情况等，并将信息储存或上传，以备根据需要进行调档查看。仓储管理模块2020可以根据划分的库区记录中药材名称、库存量、每次提货量、剩余量、提货时间、提货人等，方便后期的信息追溯等。其他模块根据需要可以自定义具体功能。
上述实施例仅供说明本发明之用，而并非是对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此，所有等同的技术方案也应属于本发明公开的范畴。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种中药材气调储藏系统，包括：
    中央控制装置；以及
    一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，其中一个中药材气调储藏分系统管理一个或多个存储中药材的气密围护结构；
    其中，中央控制装置经配置以实时监视一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，控制一个或多个气密围护结构中氧含量和湿度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中中央控制装置经配置以监视和控制一个或多个气密围护结构的温度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中中央控制装置经配置以监视和控制一个或多个气密围护结构的二氧化碳含量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括：
    综合检控装置，其经配置以基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息生成执行指令；以及
    一个或多个执行装置，其经配置以接收执行指令调整一个或多个气密围护的氧含量、湿度、温度和二氧化碳含量中的一者或多者。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，其中一个或多个执行装置包括低氧装置、控湿装置、空调系统、控制阀中的一者或多者。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多个气密围护结构，各个气密围护结构的氧含量和湿度可以单独控制。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护，各组气密围护结构的含氧量和湿度可以单独控制。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护结构，各组气密围护 结构的氧含量可以单独控制，至少一组气密围护结构中各个气密围护结构的湿度可以单独控制。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多个气密围护结构，各个气密围护结构通过独立的控制阀连接到低氧装置和/或控湿装置，形成独立并联结构。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护结构，各组气密围护结构包括独立的组控制阀，各个气密围护结构包括独立的控制阀，各个气密围护结构通过其控制阀和组控制阀连接到低氧装置和/或控湿装置，形成分组并联结构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其中各组气密围护结构包括独立的组控湿装置，各个气密围护结构通过其控制阀和组控制阀连接到组控湿装置，再连接到共同的低氧装置。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中中药材气调储藏分系统包括多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护，各组气密围护结构包括独立的组控制阀，各个气密围护结构通过组控制阀连接到低氧装置和/或控湿装置，形成分组串联结构。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中各组气密围护结构包括独立的组控湿装置，各个气密围护结构通过组控制阀连接到其组控湿装置，再连接到共同的低氧装置。
  14. 一种中药材气调储藏系统控制方法，包括：
    实时监视一个或多个中药材气调储藏分系统，其中一个中药材气调储藏分系统管理一个或多个存储中药材的气密围护结构；以及
    实时控制一个或多个气密围护结构中氧含量和湿度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，进一步包括：
    基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息生成执行指令；以及
    接收执行指令调整一个或多个气密围护的氧含量、湿度、温度和二氧化碳含量中的一者或多者。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，进一步包括将来自一个或多个传感器的信息发送到中央控制装置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，进一步包括基于来自一个或多个传感器的信息与对应的预定阈值比较。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，进一步包括接收中央控制装置的更新预定阈值的指令。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中中药材气调储藏分系统多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护结构，其中所述方法进一步包括单独控制各组气密围护结构的氧含量和湿度。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中中药材气调储藏分系统多组气密围护结构，每组气密围护结构包括一个或多个气密围护结构，其中所述方法进一步包括单独控制各组气密围护结构的氧含量；以及单独控制至少一组气密围护结构中各个气密围护结构的湿度。
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