WO2020129414A1 - 集積回路、電源回路 - Google Patents
集積回路、電源回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020129414A1 WO2020129414A1 PCT/JP2019/042298 JP2019042298W WO2020129414A1 WO 2020129414 A1 WO2020129414 A1 WO 2020129414A1 JP 2019042298 W JP2019042298 W JP 2019042298W WO 2020129414 A1 WO2020129414 A1 WO 2020129414A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an integrated circuit and a power supply circuit.
- An AC-DC converter is a circuit that generates an output voltage at a target level from an AC voltage. Generally, when the input AC voltage is cut off, the output voltage drops. In such a case, since the load of the AC-DC converter may not operate normally, the AC-DC converter may be provided with a detection circuit that detects that the AC voltage is cut off (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the detection circuit that detects the interruption of the AC voltage is made up of many discrete components, which leads to an increase in the cost of the AC-DC converter.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an integrated circuit capable of detecting interruption of an AC voltage at low cost.
- a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is based on an inductor current flowing in an inductor to which a voltage from a rectifier circuit that rectifies an AC voltage is applied, and an output voltage generated from the AC voltage.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a power supply circuit that generates an output voltage from a predetermined AC voltage, and a rectifier circuit that rectifies the predetermined AC voltage and an inductor to which the voltage from the rectifier circuit is applied.
- an integrated circuit that drives a transistor that controls the inductor current based on the inductor current flowing in the inductor and the output voltage the integrated circuit including: a current value of the inductor current; A state in which the current value of the inductor current is smaller than the first current value based on a comparison circuit that compares the current value and a first comparison result indicating that the current value of the inductor current is larger than the first current value.
- a timer circuit that outputs a first signal that indicates that the AC voltage has been cut off when the AC voltage continues for a predetermined time.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an AC-DC converter 10. It is a figure which shows an example of power factor improvement IC25. It is a figure for explaining operation of power factor improvement IC25.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the AC-DC converter 10 when an AC voltage is input. It is a figure for demonstrating operation
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an AC-DC converter 10 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
- the AC-DC converter 10 is a step-up chopper type power supply circuit that generates an output voltage Vout of a target level from an AC voltage Vac of a commercial power supply.
- the load 11 is, for example, a DC-DC converter or an electronic device that operates with a DC voltage
- the microcomputer 12 is a control circuit that reduces the power consumption of the load 11, for example, when the AC voltage Vac is cut off.
- the AC-DC converter 10 includes a full-wave rectifier circuit 20, capacitors 21, 22, 34, an inductor 23, a diode 24, a power factor correction IC 25, an NMOS transistor 26, and resistors 30 to 33.
- the full-wave rectifier circuit 20 full-wave rectifies the applied predetermined AC voltage Vac and outputs it as the voltage Vrec to the capacitor 21 and the inductor 23.
- the AC voltage Vac is, for example, a voltage of 100 to 240 V and a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz.
- the capacitor 21 smoothes the voltage Vrec, and the capacitor 22 constitutes a step-up chopper circuit together with the inductor 23, the diode 24, and the NMOS transistor 26. Therefore, the charging voltage of the capacitor 22 becomes the DC output voltage Vout.
- the output voltage Vout is 400V, for example.
- the power factor correction IC 25 is an integrated circuit that controls switching of the NMOS transistor 26 so that the level of the output voltage Vout becomes a target level (for example, 400 V) while improving the power factor of the AC-DC converter 10. Specifically, the power factor correction IC 25 drives the NMOS transistor 26 based on the inductor current IL flowing in the inductor 23 and the output voltage Vout. Although details of the power factor correction IC 25 will be described later, the power factor correction IC 25 is provided with terminals CS, FB, CONT, COMP, and OUT. The power factor correction IC 25 is provided with terminals other than the above-mentioned five terminals CS, FB, CONT, COMP and OUT, but they are omitted here for convenience.
- the NMOS transistor 26 is a transistor for controlling electric power to the load 11 of the AC-DC converter 10.
- the NMOS transistor 26 is a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the NMOS transistor 26 may be, for example, a bipolar transistor or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) as long as it can control power.
- the gate electrode of the NMOS transistor 26 is connected so as to be driven by the signal from the terminal OUT.
- the resistor 35, the resistor 36, and the diode 37 are connected between the gate electrode of the NMOS transistor 26 and the terminal OUT.
- the resistors 30 and 31 form a voltage dividing circuit for dividing the output voltage Vout, and generate a feedback voltage Vfb used when switching the NMOS transistor 26.
- the feedback voltage Vfb generated at the node to which the resistors 30 and 31 are connected is applied to the terminal FB.
- the resistor 32 is a resistor for detecting the inductor current IL, one end of which is connected to the source electrode of the NMOS transistor 26 and the other end of which is connected to the terminal CS.
- the voltage indicating the inductor current IL which is input to the terminal CS, is the voltage Vcs.
- the voltage Vcs is a voltage applied to the terminal CS from an inverting amplifier circuit (not shown) that inverts and amplifies the voltage generated in the resistor 32 with the source electrode of the grounded NMOS transistor 26 as a reference (0 V), for example. You can In this case, the voltage Vcs applied to the terminal CS increases as the inductor current IL increases. Such positive/negative inversion may be performed inside the power factor correction IC 25.
- the resistor 33 and the capacitor 34 which will be described in detail later, are elements for phase compensation of the power factor correction IC 25 that is feedback-controlled, and are provided between the terminal COMP and the ground.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power factor correction IC 25.
- the power factor correction IC 25 is configured to include a drive signal generation circuit 50, a drive circuit 51, a comparator 52, and a detection circuit 53.
- the terminals are drawn at positions different from those in FIG. 1 for the sake of convenience, for example, the terminal CONT is provided on the same side as the terminal OUT, but wirings, elements, etc. connected to the respective terminals are not shown in the drawing. 1 and FIG. 2 are the same.
- the drive signal generation circuit 50 is a circuit that generates a drive signal Vq1 that turns on and off the NMOS transistor 26 based on the voltage Vcs indicating the inductor current IL and the feedback voltage Vfb.
- the drive signal generation circuit 50 includes comparators 70 and 77, a delay circuit 71, a pulse circuit 72, a turn-on timer circuit 73, OR circuits 74 and 78, an error amplification circuit 75, an oscillation circuit 76, and an SR flip-flop 79. It
- the comparator 70 is a circuit that detects whether the current value of the inductor current IL is substantially zero. Specifically, the comparator 70 has a voltage Vcs applied to the terminal CS and a reference voltage Vref1 (for example, several mV) which is slightly larger than zero and corresponds to a current value Ia (second current value) of several mA, for example. Are compared with each other to detect whether the current value of the inductor current IL is substantially zero (hereinafter, "nearly zero" is simply referred to as zero for convenience).
- H-level high-level (hereinafter, referred to as H-level) signal Vz indicating that the inductor current IL is zero is detected by the comparator. It is output from 70.
- the delay circuit 71 delays and outputs the signal Vz for a predetermined time.
- the pulse circuit 72 (first pulse circuit) outputs the H-level pulse signal Vp1 (first pulse signal) when the delay circuit 71 outputs the H-level signal Vz.
- the turn-on timer circuit 73 (second pulse circuit) has a pulse signal Vp2 (second pulse circuit) for turning on the NMOS transistor 26 when the power factor correction IC 25 is activated or when the AC voltage Vac is cut off and the pulse signal Vp1 is not output. 2 pulse signal) is output. Specifically, when the pulse signal Vp1 is not output for a predetermined period, the H-level pulse signal Vp2 is output for each predetermined cycle.
- the OR circuit 74 calculates and outputs the logical sum of the pulse signals Vp1 and Vp2. Therefore, in this embodiment, the OR circuit 74 outputs the pulse signal Vp1 or the pulse signal Vp2 as the pulse signal Vp3.
- the error amplification circuit 75 is a circuit that amplifies an error between the feedback voltage Vfb applied to the terminal FB and a predetermined reference voltage Vref0.
- the reference voltage Vref0 is a voltage determined according to the output voltage Vout of the target level.
- a resistor 33 and a capacitor 34 for phase compensation are connected between the output of the error amplification circuit 75 and the ground via a terminal COMP.
- the voltage at the node where the output of the error amplification circuit 75 and the terminal COMP are connected is referred to as voltage Ve.
- the oscillation circuit 76 outputs a ramp wave Vr whose amplitude gradually increases each time the high-level pulse signal Vp3 is input.
- the comparator 77 compares the magnitude of the voltage Ve with the magnitude of the ramp wave Vr and outputs a signal Vc1 as a comparison result.
- the voltage Ve is applied to the inverting input terminal of the error amplifying circuit 75
- the ramp wave Vr is applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the error amplifying circuit 75. Therefore, when the level of the ramp wave Vr is lower than the level of the voltage Ve, the signal Vc1 becomes low level (hereinafter, referred to as L level), and when the level of the ramp wave Vr becomes higher than the level of the voltage Ve, the signal Vc1 becomes H. It becomes a level.
- the OR circuit 78 calculates the logical sum of the signal Vc1 and an H level signal Voc (described later) indicating that an overcurrent has occurred, and outputs the result. Therefore, the OR circuit 78 outputs the H-level signal Vc1 or the signal Voc as the pulse signal Vp4.
- the signal Vp3 is input to the S input of the SR flip-flop 79 (driving signal output circuit), and the signal Vp4 is input to the R input. Therefore, the drive signal Vq1 which is the Q output of the SR flip-flop 79 becomes H level when the signal Vp3 becomes H level. On the other hand, when the signal Vp4 goes high, the drive signal Vq1 goes low.
- the drive circuit 51 is a buffer circuit that drives the NMOS transistor 26 based on the drive signal Vq1. Specifically, the drive circuit 51 drives the NMOS transistor 26 having a large gate capacitance and the like with the signal Vdr having the same logic level as the input signal. Further, the drive circuit 51 turns on the NMOS transistor 26 based on the H level drive signal Vq1, and turns off the NMOS transistor 26 based on the L level drive signal Vq1.
- the comparator 52 is a circuit for detecting whether the inductor current IL is in an overcurrent state by comparing the voltage Vcs and the reference voltage Vref2.
- the “overcurrent” means a state in which the inductor current IL has a current value Ib (for example, a current value which is 90% of the current value allowed for the inductor 23 and the NMOS transistor 26). Therefore, in the present embodiment, the level of the voltage Vref2 is set so that the voltage Vcs becomes higher than the reference voltage Vref2 when the inductor current IL exceeds the current value Ib.
- the comparator 52 changes the voltage Voc to the H level when the voltage Vcs becomes larger than the reference voltage Vref2 in the overcurrent state. As a result, the drive signal Vq1 becomes L level, and as a result, the NMOS transistor 26 is turned off.
- the detection circuit 53 is a circuit for detecting whether or not the AC voltage Vac is cut off.
- the “state in which the AC voltage Vac is cut off” means, for example, a state in which the AC voltage Vac is not supplied to the AC-DC converter 10 and is not applied to the full-wave rectification circuit 20.
- the detection circuit 53 includes a comparator 100 and a timer circuit 101.
- the comparator 100 is a circuit that compares the current value of the inductor current IL with the current value Ic based on the magnitude of the voltage Vcs and the voltage Vref3.
- the “current value Ic (first current value)” is, for example, a positive current value (for example, several tens mA) that is larger than the current value Ia detected by the comparator 70 and is close to zero.
- the signal Vc2 output as a comparison result from the comparator 100 becomes L level when the current value of the inductor current IL is larger than the current value Ic, and becomes H level when it is smaller than the current value Ic.
- the timer circuit 101 is a circuit for measuring a state where the current value of the inductor current IL is smaller than the current value Ic.
- the timer circuit 101 When the current value of the inductor current IL is smaller than the current value Ic for a predetermined time Tx, the timer circuit 101 outputs an H-level signal Vd (first signal) indicating that the AC voltage Vac is cut off. Output.
- Vd first signal
- the timer circuit 101 outputs an L level signal.
- Vd second signal
- the “predetermined time Tx” is a time set to determine whether or not the AC voltage Vac is cut off based on the state in which the current value of the inductor current IL is smaller than the current value Ic. Therefore, the “predetermined time Tx” is, for example, when the consumption current of the load 11 is a predetermined value, in the half cycle of the AC voltage Vac, the AC voltage Vac is applied to the full-wave rectification circuit 20, and the NMOS transistor is used. It is set so that the inductor current IL when 26 is turned on is longer than the period when it is smaller than the current value Ic and shorter than the half cycle of the AC voltage Vac. For example, when the half cycle of the AC voltage Vac is 10 ms, the predetermined time Tx is 1.5 ms, and a time of about 10 to 20% of the half cycle is set.
- the timer circuit 101 includes a D flip-flop 110, a counter 111, and a signal output circuit 112.
- the signal Vc2 is input to the D input of the D flip-flop 110 (holding circuit), and the drive signal Vq1 is inverted and input to the C input. Therefore, when the D input is at the H level at the falling timing (timing at which the NMOS transistor 26 is turned off from on) when the drive signal Vq1 becomes the L level, that is, when the inductor current IL is smaller than the current value Ic, the Q output is output. It becomes H level. On the other hand, when the D input is at the L level at the timing when the drive signal Vq1 becomes the L level, that is, when the inductor current IL is larger than the current value Ic, the Q output becomes the L level.
- the counter 111 increments the count value C based on the clock signal CLK having a predetermined cycle when the Q output of the D flip-flop 110 is at the H level. Further, the counter 111 resets the count value C when the Q output of the D flip-flop 110 is at the L level. Therefore, the count value C of the counter 111 is incremented when the H level signal Vc2 (first comparison result) indicating that the inductor current IL is smaller than the current value Ic is held in the D flip-flop 110. The count value C of the counter 111 is reset when the L-level signal Vc2 (second comparison result) indicating that the inductor current IL is larger than the current value Ic is held in the D flip-flop 110.
- the signal output circuit 112 outputs an H level signal Vd (first signal) when the count value C of the counter 111 reaches a predetermined count value C1 corresponding to a predetermined time Tx. On the other hand, the signal output circuit 112 outputs the L-level signal Vd (second signal) until the count value C of the counter 111 reaches the count value C1.
- the comparator 70 changes the signal Vz to the H level (not shown in FIG. 3). Further, at time t1 after the delay time of the delay circuit 71 has passed from time t0, the pulse circuit 72 outputs the pulse signal Vp1.
- the SR flip-flop 79 outputs the drive signal Vq1 at H level, so that the signal Vdr also becomes H level.
- the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on and the inductor current IL increases.
- the pulse signal Vp1 when the pulse signal Vp1 is output, the pulse signal Vp3 also becomes the H level, so that the amplitude of the ramp wave Vr from the oscillation circuit 76 increases. Then, at time t2, when the amplitude level of the ramp wave Vr becomes higher than the level of the voltage Ve, the comparator 77 changes the signal Vc1 to the H level. As a result, the SR flip-flop 79 is reset and the signal Vdr also becomes L level. When the signal Vdr becomes L level, the NMOS transistor 26 is turned off, and the inductor current IL gradually decreases. When the inductor current IL decreases at time t3 and reaches the current value Ia, the operation at time t0 is repeated.
- the feedback voltage Vfb becomes constant when the AC-DC converter 10 generates the output voltage Vout of the target level from the predetermined AC voltage Vac and supplies the power to the constant load.
- the voltage Ve output from the error amplification circuit 75 is also constant, and thus the period during which the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on (for example, the period from time t0 to t1) is also constant.
- the current value of the inductor current IL is also increased.
- the peak waveform of the inductor current IL has the same waveform as the voltage Vrec, and the power factor is improved.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing details of changes in main signals of the power factor correction IC 25 from the interruption of the AC voltage Vac to the return thereof.
- the AC voltage Vac is cut off at time t100 and the AC voltage Vac is restored at time t101.
- the power factor correction IC 25 operates as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the D flip-flop 110 of the timer circuit 101 holds the signal Vc2 which is the comparison result from the comparator 100 at the timing when the signal Vq1 at time t11 becomes L level.
- the D flip-flop 110 holds the L level signal Vc2.
- the Q output of the D flip-flop 110 becomes L level, and the count value C of the counter 111 is also reset. Therefore, at time t11, the signal Vd from the signal output circuit 112 also becomes L level.
- the NMOS transistor 26 When the signal Vq1 becomes H level at time t14 after the inductor current IL becomes zero, the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on.
- the current value of the inductor current IL is also substantially zero and does not increase.
- the D flip-flop 110 holds the signal Vc2 which is the comparison result from the comparator 100, as at times t11 and t13.
- the comparator 100 outputs the H-level signal Vc2, so that the Q output of the D flip-flop 110 changes to the H level.
- the counter 111 increments the count value C.
- the turn-on timer circuit 73 outputs the pulse signal Vp2 instead of the pulse circuit 72.
- the drive signal Vq1 also changes as shown in FIG. From time t16 to time t101 when the AC voltage Vac is restored, the current value of the inductor current IL is substantially zero. Therefore, during this period, the current value of the inductor current IL does not exceed the current value Ic. Therefore, during this period, the counter 111 is not reset and the count value C continues to be incremented.
- the microcomputer 12 control circuit shown in FIG. 1 can set the load 11 to which the output voltage Vout is applied to a light load or a no load state (a state in which current consumption is small).
- the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on based on the H-level signal Vq1, and the inductor current IL increases.
- the microcomputer 12 shown in FIG. 1 stops the control for setting the load 11 to the light load state or the no load state.
- the pulse circuit 72 restarts operation instead of the turn-on timer circuit 73. After that, for example, the operations from time t10 to t12 are repeated. As a result, the AC-DC converter 10 performs the operation described with reference to FIGS. Note that, as described above, the signal Vd from the detection circuit 53 is output to the terminal CONT. Therefore, the user of the power factor correction IC 25 can grasp that the AC voltage Vac is cut off by monitoring the level of the terminal CONT.
- the AC-DC converter 10 of this embodiment has been described above.
- the power factor correction IC 25 includes a detection circuit 53 that detects that the AC voltage Vac is cut off. Therefore, when implementing the AC-DC converter 10, it is not necessary to configure the circuit for detecting the AC voltage Vac with discrete components or the like. Therefore, by using the power factor correction IC 25, the AC-DC converter 10 can detect that the AC voltage Vac is cut off at low cost.
- the inductor current IL also increases.
- the interrupted AC voltage Vac is restored based on the signal Vc2 which is the result of comparison between the current value of the inductor current IL and the current value Ic (that is, the AC voltage Vac is completely reduced). Is being applied to the wave rectifier circuit 20). In this way, the power factor correction IC 25 can detect not only the interruption of the AC voltage Vac but also the restoration.
- timer circuit 101 for example, a charging circuit or the like that charges a capacitor with a predetermined bias current may be used to measure the predetermined time Tx.
- the use of the counter 111 allows the predetermined time Tx to be measured accurately.
- the D flip-flop 110 of the present embodiment latches (holds) the signal Vc2 which is the comparison result of the comparator 100 at the falling timing of the drive signal Vq1, which is the timing when the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on. ..
- the drive signal Vq1 is at the L level
- the NMOS transistor 26 is in the on state, so that the inductor current IL corresponding to the AC voltage Vac flows in the state where the AC voltage Vac is input. ..
- the signal Vc2 that is the comparison result of the inductor current IL and the current value Ic can be held at the timing when the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on, not at the timing when the NMOS transistor 26 is turned off. .. Therefore, the detection circuit 53 can accurately detect whether or not the AC voltage Vac is cut off.
- the turn-on timer circuit 73 since the turn-on timer circuit 73 operates after the AC voltage Vac is cut off, the NMOS transistor 26 is periodically turned on. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the detection of the return of the AC voltage Vac can be performed by the detection circuit 53 at the time of detecting the interruption.
- the inductor current IL becomes smaller than the current value Ic when the AC voltage Vac is applied to the full-wave rectifier circuit 20 and the NMOS transistor 26 is turned on in the half cycle of the AC voltage Vac. It is set to be longer than the period and shorter than the half cycle of the AC voltage Vac. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to detect whether or not the AC voltage Vac is cut off in a short time.
- the microcomputer 12 sets the load 11 in a light load state. Therefore, since the output voltage Vout is prevented from being greatly reduced, it is possible to generate the output voltage Vout of the target level in a short time when the AC voltage Vac is restored.
- the signal Vd from the detection circuit 53 is output to the terminal CONT, but it is not limited to this.
- a logic circuit for turning off the NMOS transistor 26 based on the H level signal Vd may be provided.
- the counter 111 may decrement the count value C without incrementing it. Even when such a counter is used, the timer circuit 101 similar to that of the present embodiment can be realized.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明の第2の態様は、所定の交流電圧から出力電圧を生成する電源回路であって、前記所定の交流電圧を整流する整流回路と、前記整流回路からの電圧が印加されるインダクタと、前記インダクタに流れるインダクタ電流と、前記出力電圧と、に基づいて前記インダクタ電流を制御するトランジスタを駆動する集積回路と、を含み、前記集積回路は、前記インダクタ電流の電流値と、第1電流値とを比較する比較回路と、前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より大きいことを示す第1比較結果に基づいて、前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より小さい状態が所定の時間継続すると、前記交流電圧が遮断されたことを示す第1信号を出力するタイマ回路と、を備えることを特徴とする電源回路である。
この出願は、2018年12月18日に出願された日本特許出願、特願2018-236164に基づく優先権を主張し、その内容を援用する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態であるAC-DCコンバータ10の構成を示す図である。AC-DCコンバータ10は、商用電源の交流電圧Vacから目的レベルの出力電圧Voutを生成する昇圧チョッパー型の電源回路である。
AC-DCコンバータ10は、全波整流回路20、コンデンサ21,22,34、インダクタ23、ダイオード24、力率改善IC25、NMOSトランジスタ26、及び抵抗30~33を含んで構成される。
図2は、力率改善IC25の構成の一例を示す図である。力率改善IC25は、駆動信号生成回路50、駆動回路51、コンパレータ52、及び検出回路53を含んで構成される。なお、図2において、例えば、端子CONTを、端子OUTと同じ側に設ける等、便宜上、図1と異なる位置に端子を描いているが、夫々の端子に接続される配線、素子等は、図1及び図2で同じである。
駆動信号生成回路50は、インダクタ電流ILを示す電圧Vcsと、帰還電圧Vfbとに基づいて、NMOSトランジスタ26をオンオフする駆動信号Vq1を生成する回路である。駆動信号生成回路50は、コンパレータ70,77、遅延回路71、パルス回路72、ターンオンタイマ回路73、OR回路74,78、誤差増幅回路75、発振回路76、及びSRフリップフロップ79を含んで構成される。
駆動回路51は、駆動信号Vq1に基づいてNMOSトランジスタ26を駆動するバッファ回路である。具体的には、駆動回路51は、入力される信号と同じ論理レベルの信号Vdrで、ゲート容量等の大きいNMOSトランジスタ26を駆動する。また、駆動回路51は、Hレベルの駆動信号Vq1に基づいて、NMOSトランジスタ26をオンし、Lレベルの駆動信号Vq1に基づいて、NMOSトランジスタ26をオフする。
コンパレータ52は、電圧Vcsと、基準電圧Vref2とを比較することにより、インダクタ電流ILが過電流の状態にあるかを検出するための回路である。なお「過電流」とは、インダクタ電流ILが、電流値Ib(例えば、インダクタ23やNMOSトランジスタ26に許容される電流値の90%の電流値)となる状態をいう。このため、本実施形態では、インダクタ電流ILが電流値Ibを超えると、電圧Vcsが基準電圧Vref2より大きくなるよう、電圧Vref2のレベルが定められている。なお、コンパレータ52は、過電流状態となり、電圧Vcsが基準電圧Vref2より大きくなると、電圧VocをHレベルに変化させる。この結果、駆動信号Vq1はLレベルになるため、結果的に、NMOSトランジスタ26はオフされる。
検出回路53は、交流電圧Vacが遮断された状態であるか否かを検出するための回路である。なお、ここで「交流電圧Vacが遮断された状態」とは、例えば、交流電圧VacがAC-DCコンバータ10に供給されず、全波整流回路20に印加されていない状態をいう。検出回路53は、コンパレータ100、及びタイマ回路101を含んで構成される。
<<<交流電圧Vacが入力されている場合>>>
図3を参照しつつ、AC-DCコンバータ10が所定の交流電圧Vacから目的レベルの出力電圧Voutを生成し、一定の負荷に電力を供給している際の力率改善IC25の動作を説明する。なお、ここでは、力率改善IC25のうち、駆動信号生成回路50及び駆動回路51の動作を中心に説明する。
図5及び図6を参照しつつ、交流電圧Vacが遮断された際の力率改善IC25の動作について説明する。なお、図6は、交流電圧Vacが遮断から復帰するまでの力率改善IC25の主要な信号の変化の詳細を示す図である。本実施形態では、時刻t100において、交流電圧Vacが遮断され、時刻t101に、交流電圧Vacが復帰したこととする。また、ここでは、交流電圧Vacが入力されている際には、力率改善IC25は、図3及び図4で示した動作をしている。
以上、本実施形態のAC-DCコンバータ10について説明した。力率改善IC25は、交流電圧Vacが遮断されたことを検出する検出回路53を含んでいる。このため、AC-DCコンバータ10を実現する際には、交流電圧Vacを検出する回路をディスクリート部品等で構成する必要がない。したがって、力率改善IC25を用いることにより、AC-DCコンバータ10は、低コストで交流電圧Vacが遮断されたことを検出することが可能である。
11 負荷
12 マイコン
20 全波整流回路
21,22,34 コンデンサ
23 インダクタ
24,37 ダイオード
25 力率改善IC
26 NMOSトランジスタ
30~33,35,36 抵抗
50 駆動信号生成回路
51 駆動回路
52,70,77,100 コンパレータ
53 検出回路
71 遅延回路
72 パルス回路
73 ターンオンタイマ回路
74,78 OR回路
79 SRフリップフロップ
101 タイマ回路
110 Dフリップフロップ
111 カウンタ
112 信号出力回路
Claims (8)
- 交流電圧を整流する整流回路からの電圧が印加されるインダクタに流れるインダクタ電流と、前記交流電圧から生成される出力電圧と、に基づいて、前記インダクタ電流を制御するトランジスタをスイッチングする集積回路であって、
前記インダクタ電流の電流値と、第1電流値とを比較する比較回路と、
前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より小さいことを示す第1比較結果に基づいて、前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より小さい状態が所定の時間継続したことを検出すると、前記交流電圧が遮断されたことを示す第1信号を出力するタイマ回路と、
を備えることを特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項1に記載の集積回路であって、
前記タイマ回路は、
前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より大きいことを示す第2比較結果に基づいて、前記交流電圧が前記整流回路に印加されたことを示す第2信号を出力すること、
を特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項2に記載の集積回路であって、
前記インダクタ電流は、前記交流電圧が前記整流回路に印加されている際に前記トランジスタがオンとなると大きくなる電流であり、
前記タイマ回路は、
前記トランジスタがオンされる毎に、前記比較回路の比較結果を保持する保持回路と、
前記保持回路が、前記第2比較結果を保持している場合にカウント値をリセットし、前記保持回路が、前記第1比較結果を保持している場合に前記カウント値を変化させるカウンタと、
前記カウント値が前記所定の時間に対応する所定のカウント値になるまで前記第1信号を出力し、前記カウント値が前記所定のカウント値になると前記第2信号を出力する信号出力回路と、
を含むことを特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項3に記載の集積回路であって、
前記保持回路は、
前記トランジスタをスイッチングさせるための駆動信号の論理レベルが、前記トランジスタをオフさせる論理レベルとなるタイミングに基づいて、前記比較回路の比較結果を保持すること、
を特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項4に記載の集積回路であって、
前記インダクタ電流が減少して第2電流値となる毎に第1パルス信号を出力する第1パルス回路と、
前記第1パルス信号の出力が停止されると、所定周期の第2パルス信号を出力する第2パルス回路と、
前記第1パルス信号及び前記第2パルス信号に基づいて、前記駆動信号を出力する駆動信号出力回路と、
を備えること、
を特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載の集積回路であって、
前記所定の時間は、
前記交流電圧の半周期の期間のうち、前記交流電圧が前記整流回路に印加され、かつ前記トランジスタがオンされた際に前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より小さくなる期間より長く、前記半周期の期間より短い時間であること、
を特徴とする集積回路。 - 請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載の集積回路であって、
前記第1信号が出力される端子を含み、
前記端子には、前記第1信号に基づいて、前記出力電圧が印加される負荷の消費電力を低下させる制御回路が接続されること、
を特徴とする集積回路。 - 所定の交流電圧から出力電圧を生成する電源回路であって、
前記所定の交流電圧を整流する整流回路と、
前記整流回路からの電圧が印加されるインダクタと、
前記インダクタに流れるインダクタ電流と、前記出力電圧と、に基づいて前記インダクタ電流を制御するトランジスタを駆動する集積回路と、
を含み、
前記集積回路は、
前記インダクタ電流の電流値と、第1電流値とを比較する比較回路と、
前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より大きいことを示す第1比較結果に基づいて、前記インダクタ電流の電流値が前記第1電流値より小さい状態が所定の時間継続すると、前記交流電圧が遮断されたことを示す第1信号を出力するタイマ回路と、
を備えることを特徴とする電源回路。
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| JP2006343549A (ja) | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | Canon Inc | 画像形成装置 |
| JP2006352976A (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | スイッチング電源用半導体装置 |
| KR100904299B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-03 | 2009-06-25 | 주식회사 실리콘마이터스 | 역률 보상 회로 및 그 구동 방법 |
| JP5136364B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-06 | 2013-02-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 力率改善回路の制御方式 |
| KR101739549B1 (ko) * | 2010-03-12 | 2017-05-25 | 페어차일드코리아반도체 주식회사 | 역률 보상 회로 및 역률 보상 회로의 구동 방법 |
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| JP2010154642A (ja) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Hitachi Ltd | 3相インバータの電源回路保護装置 |
| WO2017010031A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 放電装置、電源装置および放電方法 |
| JP2017028778A (ja) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-02-02 | 富士電機株式会社 | スイッチング電源装置 |
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