WO2020098090A1 - 一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人 - Google Patents

一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098090A1
WO2020098090A1 PCT/CN2018/123661 CN2018123661W WO2020098090A1 WO 2020098090 A1 WO2020098090 A1 WO 2020098090A1 CN 2018123661 W CN2018123661 W CN 2018123661W WO 2020098090 A1 WO2020098090 A1 WO 2020098090A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
walking
drive
cantilever device
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/123661
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王吉岱
孙爱芹
王智伟
魏军英
付恩鹏
郝木新
梁茂轩
郭帅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Shandong University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shandong University of Science and Technology filed Critical Shandong University of Science and Technology
Priority to US16/483,836 priority Critical patent/US11196236B2/en
Publication of WO2020098090A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098090A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/02Sensing devices
    • B25J19/021Optical sensing devices
    • B25J19/023Optical sensing devices including video camera means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/02Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages travelling along a guideway

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of electric power inspection equipment, and particularly relates to a walking and climbing robot along an overhead line.
  • high-voltage transmission lines In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of high-voltage transmission lines, high-voltage transmission lines must be regularly inspected.
  • the patrol inspection of high-voltage transmission lines is very necessary to protect the safety of the power grid.
  • High-voltage transmission lines are widely distributed, and the geographical environment in some regions is more complicated.
  • the manual patrol method is no longer applicable because of the high labor intensity and low patrol inspection accuracy. Only new inspection methods can be sought. With the development of mobile robot technology, it provides a new technical platform for the inspection of overhead high-voltage transmission lines.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a walking and climbing robot along an overhead line, which can realize automatic crossing of obstacles.
  • a walking and climbing robot along an overhead line including a support structure installed with inspection equipment;
  • the walking and climbing robot along an overhead line also includes:
  • a cantilever device base connected to a side of the support structure
  • the front cantilever device, the middle cantilever device and the rear cantilever are sequentially installed on the base of the cantilever device in the front-rear direction Arm device
  • the front cantilever device and the rear cantilever device have the same structure;
  • the front cantilever device / rear cantilever device includes a No. 1 drive wheel, a No. 1 walking drive mechanism, a No. 1 spreading mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a No. 1 flexible rotation Institution and No.1 Lifting Organization;
  • the No. 1 walking driving mechanism is connected with the No. 1 driving wheel, and drives the No. 1 driving wheel to rotate
  • the bottom of the No. 1 traveling drive mechanism is mounted on the No. 1 spreading mechanism, the No. 1 spreading mechanism is used to drive the No. 1 driving wheel and the No. 1 traveling drive mechanism to move in the left-right direction simultaneously The opening and closing action of the No. 1 driving wheel;
  • the clamping mechanism is located below the No. 1 drive wheel and is configured to define an overhead line in the wheel groove of the No. 1 drive wheel;
  • the clamping mechanism is configured with a tension spring for automatically returning after the clamping mechanism deviates below the No. 1 drive wheel;
  • the No. 1 flexible slewing mechanism is located below the No. 1 opening mechanism, and is connected to the No. 1 opening mechanism; the No. 1 flexible slewing mechanism is configured to drive the No. 1 opening mechanism to achieve a level A certain angle of rotation in the direction;
  • the No. 1 lifting mechanism is located below the No. 1 flexible slewing mechanism, and is used to drive the No. 1 driving wheel, the No. 1 walking driving mechanism, the No. 1 opening mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the No. 1 flexible slewing mechanism
  • the mechanism synchronizes the ascent and descent actions
  • the middle cantilever device includes a No. 2 drive wheel, a No. 2 walking drive mechanism, a No. 2 opening mechanism, a No. 2 flexible slewing mechanism and a No. 2 lifting mechanism; the No. 2 walking drive mechanism is connected to the No. 2 drive wheel, And drive the No. 2 drive wheel to rotate;
  • the bottom of the No. 2 traveling drive mechanism is mounted on the No. 2 spreading mechanism, the No. 2 spreading mechanism is used to drive the No. 2 driving wheel and the No. 2 traveling drive mechanism to move in the left-right direction simultaneously The opening and closing action of the second driving wheel;
  • the second flexible opening mechanism is located below the second opening mechanism, and is connected to the second opening mechanism; the second flexible opening mechanism is configured to drive the second opening mechanism to achieve a level A certain angle of rotation in the direction;
  • the No. 2 lifting mechanism is located below the No. 2 flexible slewing mechanism, and is used to drive the No. 2 driving wheel, No. 2 traveling drive mechanism, No. 2 opening mechanism and No. 2 flexible slewing mechanism to synchronize Realize ascending and descending movements;
  • the support structure is provided with a controller, wherein the controller and the No. 1 walking drive mechanism, No. 2 walking drive mechanism, No. 1 opening mechanism, No. 2 opening mechanism, No. 1 lifting mechanism and Lift No. 2 is connected.
  • the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism have the same structure
  • the No. 1 travel drive mechanism / No. 2 travel drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a bushing, and a motor base; wherein:
  • the driving motor is connected to the first driving wheel / second driving wheel through a shaft sleeve, and the driving motor is mounted on the motor base;
  • the motor base is installed on the first opening mechanism / the second opening mechanism
  • the drive motor is connected to the controller through a control line.
  • the first opening mechanism and the second opening mechanism have the same structure
  • the first opening mechanism / the second opening mechanism includes an opening and closing base, a linear guide rail, a load-bearing slider, an opening and closing motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, an opening and closing screw, and a screw nut; wherein:
  • the linear guide rail and the opening and closing screw are installed above the opening and closing base, and are arranged along the left and right directions;
  • the load-bearing slider is mounted on a linear guide
  • the opening and closing motor is installed below the opening and closing base
  • One end of the opening and closing motor is connected to the driving gear, and the driven gear is located above the driving gear and meshes with the driving gear;
  • the driven gear is installed at one end of the opening and closing screw; the screw nut is installed on the opening and closing screw;
  • the bottom of the No. 1 travel drive mechanism / No. 2 travel drive mechanism is mounted on the load-bearing slider and the screw nut;
  • the opening and closing motor is connected to the controller through a control line.
  • the first flexible slewing mechanism and the second flexible slewing mechanism have the same structure;
  • No. 1 flexible slewing mechanism / No. 2 flexible slewing mechanism includes a needle roller bearing, a bearing base, a polyester elastic block and a limit bar; [0038] A circular groove for accommodating the needle bearing is provided at the bottom of the first opening mechanism / the second opening mechanism;
  • the outer ring of the needle roller bearing extends into the circular groove and is fixedly connected with the first opening mechanism / second opening mechanism;
  • the inner ring of the needle roller bearing is connected to the bearing base;
  • the inner side of the polyester elastic block has an opening adapted to the outer contour of the bearing base
  • the bearing base is connected to the polyester elastic block by an interference fit
  • a groove for receiving the lower end of the limit bar is provided;
  • opening mechanism No. 1 / opening mechanism No. 2 is also provided with a limiting groove for accommodating the upper end of the limiting bar
  • the limiting groove is located directly above the groove, and the width of the limiting groove is greater than the width of the limiting bar;
  • the clamping mechanism includes a clamping wheel, a clamping wheel seat, an upper support seat, a lower support seat, and the tension spring;
  • clamping wheel is installed at one end of the clamping wheel base, and is located below the No. 1 driving wheel;
  • the upper support base and the lower support base are fixedly installed;
  • At least one of the upper support seat and the lower bearing seat has a vertical annular side wall
  • the other end of the clamping wheel seat has an annular connecting seat; the other end of the clamping wheel seat is located between the upper support seat and the lower support seat and is sleeved on the annular side wall, and can surround the annular side The wall swings back and forth;
  • Two tension springs are symmetrically installed between the clamping wheel seat and the upper support seat, one of the tension springs is used to apply a diagonally forward force to the clamping wheel seat, and the other tension spring is used to The clamping wheel seat exerts an oblique rearward force.
  • the lifting mechanism No. 1 / lifting mechanism No. 2 has the same structure;
  • the No. 1 lifting mechanism / No. 2 lifting mechanism includes a cantilever device outer tube, a guide block, a cantilever device inner tube, and a lifting push rod;
  • the lifting rod is connected to the bottom of the outer tube of the cantilever device through the lifting rod base;
  • the lifting push rod is connected to the inner tube of the cantilever device, and is used to drive the inner tube of the cantilever device to move up and down;
  • the lifter is connected to the controller via a control line.
  • the inspection equipment includes a camera, an infrared detector and a wireless signal transceiver;
  • the camera and the infrared detector are respectively connected to the wireless signal transceiver through a line.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the climbing climbing robot walking along an overhead line in the present invention includes three cantilever devices, and each cantilever device is provided with a driving wheel, and the three driving wheels can be hung at the same time, and cooperate with the clamping wheel to protect effect.
  • each cantilever device is provided with a driving wheel, and the three driving wheels can be hung at the same time, and cooperate with the clamping wheel to protect effect.
  • at least two cantilever devices simultaneously hang on the line, so that the robot will not fall off the line due to shaking, thereby ensuring the stability of the robot's operation.
  • the robot of the present invention crosses an obstacle such as a shock hammer, it can directly hit the clamping mechanism, omitting the obstacle escaping step, thereby improving the obstacle escaping efficiency.
  • the invention can clearly transmit the traveled line information to the ground base station through the 4G network, ensuring the quality of the inspection work of the overhead line; it can also be remotely controlled and can be widely applied to the inspection work of the overhead line.
  • the invention realizes the stable driving along the 10kV ⁇ 500kV overhead line, and can cross the line equipment such as the anti-vibration hammer and the suspension clamp installed on the overhead line.
  • the invention realizes automatic control when walking and crossing obstacles, and has the advantages of short obstacle crossing time, high efficiency, large climbing angle, stable structure, light weight, simple operation and good real-time performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a walking and climbing robot walking along an overhead line in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a climbing robot walking along an overhead line in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a walking driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a walking driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention (driving wheels are omitted in the figure);
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of an opening mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an assembly structure diagram of a lifting mechanism, a flexible slewing mechanism, and a clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a lifting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a lower support base in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a clamping wheel base in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an assembly diagram of the opening and closing base and the needle bearing in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an opening and closing base in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1- front cantilever device 2-charging stand, 3-charging plug, 4-compression spring, 5-support structure, 6-inspection equipment, 7-cantilever device base, 8-rear cantilever device, 9-medium cantilever device, 10-bearing slider, 11-linear guide, 12-drive wheel, 13-bushing, 14-ball bearing, 15-steel sleeve, 16-needle bearing, 17-clamping wheel, 18 -Clamping wheel base, 19-Tension spring, 20-Upper support base, 21-Lower support base, 22-Cantilever outer tube, 23-Lifting push rod base, 24-Lifting push rod, 25-Cantilever mounting Tube, 26-bearing base; 27-polyester elastic block, 28-limit bar, 29-needle roller bearing, 30-opening and closing motor, 31-driving gear, 32-opening and closing base, 33-driven gear, 34 -Open and close screw, 35-Screw nut, 36-Drive motor, 37
  • a walking and climbing robot along an overhead line includes a supporting structure 5, a cantilever device base 7, and three cantilever devices. among them:
  • the support structure 5 in this embodiment may adopt, for example, a box structure.
  • the support structure 5 is provided with a controller (not shown) for implementing automatic control of other mechanisms.
  • the inspection structure 6 is also provided on the support structure 5, for example, including a camera, an infrared detector, and a wireless signal transceiver.
  • the camera and the infrared detector are respectively connected to the wireless signal transceiver through a line.
  • the wireless signal transceiver is connected to the base station control center located on the ground through a wireless signal.
  • the inspection device 6 in this embodiment is installed directly below the support structure 5.
  • the inspection equipment 6 transmits the captured line image information to the base station control center on the ground through a wireless network bridge, so that the ground staff can determine the location of the damaged power line and its surrounding environment for maintenance.
  • the cantilever mounting base 7 is connected to a certain side portion of the support structure 5, such as the right side portion of the support structure 5 in FIG. 1 (of course, it may also be the left side portion of the support structure 5 in FIG. 1).
  • the cantilever device base 7 is arranged in the front-rear direction and is used for installing the cantilever device.
  • the cantilever device base 7 uses a rectangular mounting plate.
  • Each cantilever device is sequentially mounted on the cantilever device base 7 in the front-rear direction.
  • three cantilever devices are defined, from front to back are a front cantilever device 1, a middle cantilever device 9, and a rear cantilever device 8.
  • the structure of the front cantilever device 1 and the rear cantilever device 8 are completely the same.
  • the middle cantilever device 9 Compared with the other two cantilever devices, the middle cantilever device 9 lacks the following clamping mechanism. On the one hand, the middle cantilever device does not need a separate cable, and on the other hand, the middle cantilever device requires a charging mechanism to be installed. Except for this, the remaining structure of the middle cantilever device 9 is completely the same as the structure of the front cantilever device 1 and the rear cantilever device 8, which will be described in detail below.
  • the previous cantilever device 1 is used as an example for description:
  • the front cantilever device 1 includes a driving wheel 12, a walking driving mechanism, a spreading mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a flexible slewing mechanism, and a lifting mechanism.
  • a driving wheel 12 When the robot walks or crosses obstacles, the driving wheel 12 is hung on the overhead line for walking.
  • the walking driving mechanism is used to drive the driving wheel 12 to achieve walking. specific,
  • the walking driving mechanism includes a driving motor 36, a sleeve 13, a ball bearing 14, a steel sleeve 15, a needle bearing 16, a motor base 37 and other components. among them:
  • the driving motor 36 is connected to the driving wheel 12 through the sleeve 13 and can drive the driving wheel 12 to rotate.
  • the drive motor 36 is mounted on the motor base 37.
  • the motor base 37 is also provided with a mounting hole 39 for achieving connection with the expansion mechanism (detailed below
  • the driving motor 36 in this embodiment is connected to the controller through a control line, and the controller controls the action.
  • the opening mechanism is used to drive the driving wheel 12 and the walking driving mechanism to move in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, so as to realize the opening and closing action of the driving wheel 12 to complete the obstacle crossing process.
  • the opening mechanism includes an opening and closing base 32, a linear guide 11, a load-bearing slider 10, an opening and closing motor 30, a driving gear 31, a driven gear 33, an opening and closing screw 34, and a screw Nut 35. among them:
  • the linear guide 11 and the opening and closing screw 34 are installed above the opening and closing base 32, and are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • each of the linear guide rails 11 is provided with two load-bearing sliders 10 respectively.
  • the load-bearing slider 10 can slide back and forth along the linear guide 11.
  • Mounting holes 40 are provided on each load-bearing slider 19, since mounting holes 39 are provided on the motor base 37,
  • the bolts that pass through the mounting hole 39 and the mounting hole 40 can be used to control the motor base 37 and the load-bearing slider 19 System.
  • the opening and closing motor 30 is installed below the opening and closing base 32. One end of the opening and closing motor 30 is connected to the driving gear 31, and the driven gear 33 is located above the driving gear 31 and meshes with the driving gear 31.
  • the driven gear 33 is mounted on one end of the opening and closing screw 34; the screw nut 35 is mounted on the opening and closing screw 34.
  • the screw nut 35 can slide along the opening and closing screw 34.
  • the screw nut 35 is connected to the motor base 37 by bolts
  • the opening and closing motor 30 is connected to the controller through a control line, and the controller controls the operation of the opening and closing motor 30.
  • the opening and closing motor 30 operates, and drives the driving gear 31 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 33 to rotate, so that the screw nut 35 moves along the opening and closing screw 34 left and right. Since the screw nut 35 is connected to the motor base 37, the driving wheel 12 and the walking driving mechanism can be driven to move in the left-right direction.
  • the flexible rotation mechanism is located below the opening mechanism and is connected to the opening mechanism.
  • the flexible slewing mechanism is used to drive the corresponding expansion mechanism to achieve a certain angle of rotation in the horizontal direction, so that each cantilever device has a certain angle of rotation, can cross the bridge, and can cross more obstacles.
  • the flexible slewing mechanism includes a needle bearing 29, a bearing base 26, a polyester elastic block 27, and a limit bar 28. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the outer ring of the needle bearing 29 is connected to the opening and closing base 32.
  • a circular groove 44 for accommodating the needle bearing 29 is provided in the lower portion of the front side of the opening and closing base 32, and the outer ring of the needle bearing 29 extends into the circular groove 44 and is fixed.
  • the above-mentioned fixed connection method may be, for example, bolt connection and the like.
  • the inner ring of the needle bearing 29 is connected to the bearing base 26 by bolts.
  • the inner side of the polyester elastic block 27 has an opening corresponding to the outer contour of the bearing base 26, for example, the outer contour of the bearing base 26 is square, then the inner side of the polyester elastic block 27 opens a square hole.
  • a certain side portion of the polyester elastic block 27, for example, the rear side portion is provided with a groove for accommodating the limit bar 28 (Not shown), the groove is, for example, square, and the limiting bar 28 may also be long. The lower end of the limiting bar 28 extends into the groove.
  • a limiting groove 45 is further provided on the opening and closing base, and the limiting groove 45 is located on the rear side of the circular groove 44.
  • the above-mentioned limiting groove 45 may be designed as a square.
  • the upper end of the limiting bar 28 extends into the limiting groove 45.
  • the limiting groove 45 is located directly above the groove.
  • the width of the limiting bar 28 is smaller than the width of the limiting groove 45, so as to ensure that the opening and closing base 32 swings slightly under the drive of the outer ring of the needle bearing 29.
  • the motion of the needle bearing 29 in this embodiment is a passive motion, that is, it can be rotated under the action of external obstacles, thereby driving the opening and closing base 32 to move at a certain angle in the horizontal direction
  • At least one of the upper end and the lower end of the limit bar 28 needs to be fixed, for example, a bolt.
  • each cantilever device has a certain rotation angle, can cross the bridge, and even cross more obstacles.
  • the design of the limiting bar 28 and the limiting groove 45 allows the opening and closing base 32 to have only a small amount of swing.
  • the bearing base 26 may be fixed to the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device described below, for example, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the clamping mechanism in this embodiment is located below the drive wheel 12, and is configured to define the overhead line in the wheel groove of the drive wheel 12, so as to ensure the stability of the operation of each cantilever device on the overhead line.
  • the clamping mechanism includes a clamping wheel 17, a clamping wheel seat 18, a tension spring 19, an upper support seat 20 and a lower support seat 21. among them:
  • the clamping wheel 17 is installed at one end of the clamping wheel base 18, and is located below the driving wheel 12.
  • the upper support base 20 and the lower support base 21 are fixedly installed.
  • the lower support base 21 in this embodiment is composed of an upper section 41, a middle section 42 and a lower section 43 connected in sequence
  • the outer contour of the upper section 41 is ring-shaped; the outer contour of the middle section 42 is ring-shaped, that is, has a vertical annular side wall; the outer contour of the lower section 43 is square.
  • the section size of the middle section 42 is larger than the section size of the upper section 41 and the section size of the lower section 43.
  • the lower section 43 of the lower support base 21 extends into the outer tube 22 of the cantilever device described below and is fixed by bolts.
  • the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device can pass through the lower support base 21 upward through the through hole as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the middle section 42 is placed on top of the outer tube 22 of the cantilever device.
  • the upper support base 21 is also circular, and the lower surface of the upper support base 21 and the upper surface of the lower support base 21 (upper section 41) are connected by bolts.
  • the other end of the clamping wheel seat 18 has an annular connecting seat 44 (ie, a connecting seat with an annular hole), and the other end of the clamping wheel seat 18 is located on the upper support seat 20 and the lower support seat 21 Between, and nested on the middle section 42.
  • annular connecting seat 44 ie, a connecting seat with an annular hole
  • the clamping mechanism can swing back and forth around the middle section 42 (axis).
  • two tension springs 19 are symmetrically installed between the clamping wheel seat 18 and the upper support seat.
  • One tension spring 19 is used to apply a diagonally forward force to the clamping wheel base 18, and the other tension spring 19 is used to apply a diagonally backward force to the clamp wheel base 18.
  • the clamping wheel 17 can be kept directly under the driving wheel 12. When the clamping mechanism passes an obstacle, it may swing forward or backward.
  • the lifting mechanism is located below the flexible slewing mechanism and is used to drive the remaining mechanisms to realize the ascent and descent actions.
  • the lifting mechanism can drive the driving wheel, the walking driving mechanism, the spreading mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the flexible swing mechanism to realize the ascending and descending action synchronously.
  • the lifting mechanism drives the driving wheel, the walking driving mechanism, the spreading mechanism and the flexible slewing mechanism to realize the ascent and descent actions simultaneously.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a cantilever device outer tube 22, a guide block 38, a cantilever device inner tube 25, and a lifting push rod 24; the cantilever device outer tube 22 passes through the guide block 38 and the cantilever device The inner tube 25 is connected.
  • the lifting push rod 24 is connected to the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device, and is used to drive the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device to move up and down.
  • the guide block 38 can ensure the directionality of the movement of the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device in the outer tube 22 of the cantilever device.
  • the lifter push rod 24 is connected to the bottom of the cantilever device outer tube 22 through the lifter pusher base 23. [0142] The lifter 24 is connected to the controller through a control line and is controlled by the controller.
  • the middle cantilever device 9 has the same driving wheels, traveling drive mechanism, spreading mechanism, flexible slewing mechanism and lifting mechanism as the front cantilever device 1 and the rear cantilever device 8.
  • the middle cantilever device 9 further includes a charging mechanism (located on the left side of the middle cantilever device).
  • the charging mechanism includes a charging plug 3, the charging plug 3 is connected to the charging base 2 through the compression spring 4, and the charging base 2 is connected to the inner tube 25 of the cantilever device through a bolt.
  • the charging plug 3 is connected to the controller through a line.
  • the climbing robot walking along an overhead line in this embodiment has three cantilever devices that walk on a power transmission line through a walking drive mechanism; the lifting and lowering actions of the robot in the vertical direction are realized through a lifting mechanism, That is, the state of extension and contraction; the opening and closing action of the walking drive mechanism is realized by the opening mechanism, that is, the state of opening and closing.
  • the three cantilever devices in this embodiment cooperate to perform an orderly expansion, contraction, opening, and closing action to achieve the function of crossing the obstacle.
  • the robot When encountering an obstacle such as a suspension clamp, the robot stops walking, lifts the front cantilever device 1 through the lifting mechanism, opens the driving wheel 12 of the front cantilever device 1 through the opening mechanism, and lowers the front cantilever device 1 through the lifting mechanism Sink, the robot moves forward, the front cantilever device 1 is raised by the lifting mechanism, the front cantilever device 1 is closed by the opening mechanism, the front cantilever device 1 is sunk by the lifting mechanism, and the robot moves forward; the robot is moving forward by the lifting mechanism
  • the cantilever device 9, the driving wheel 12 of the middle cantilever device 9 is opened by the opening mechanism, the middle cantilever device 9 is sunk by the lifting mechanism, the robot moves forward, the middle cantilever device 9 is raised by the lifting mechanism, and closed by the opening mechanism
  • Middle cantilever device 9, the middle cantilever device 9 sinks through the lifting mechanism, and the robot moves forward;
  • the rear cantilever device 8 is raised by the lifting mechanism, the driving wheel 12 of the rear cantilever device
  • the rear cantilever device 8 is raised by the lifting mechanism, the rear cantilever device 8 is closed by the opening mechanism, and the rear cantilever device 8 is sunk by the lifting mechanism. Obstacle. When encountering obstacles such as anti-vibration hammers and other obstacles, because the clamping mechanism of the front and rear cantilever devices can directly hit the obstacles, the robot does not need to be able to directly pass through. [0150] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to enumerating the above embodiments, it should be noted that any person skilled in the art under the teaching of this specification, made All equivalent substitutions-obviously deformed forms fall within the substantive scope of this specification and should be protected by the present invention.

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Abstract

一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人,其包括支撑结构(5),支撑结构内包含控制器,支撑结构的某一侧部有前、中、后三只悬臂装置(1、9、8),其中,三只悬臂装置通过悬臂装置底座(7)与支撑结构相连,前、后悬臂装置位于支撑结构的两端,前、后悬臂装置包括位于顶部的行走驱动机构,中部的张开机构、柔性回转机构、夹紧机构以及下方的举升机构,中间悬臂装置包括顶部的行走驱动机构,中部的张开机构、柔性回转机构,下方的举升机构和中悬臂装置前侧的充电机构。该机器人实现了沿220kV~500kV架空线路的稳定行走与攀爬,可跨越安装于架空线路上的防震锤、悬垂线夹等线路设备。具有越障能力强、越障效率高、爬坡角度大、结构稳固、重量轻、操作简单、实时性好等特点。

Description

一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于电力巡检设备技术领域, 尤其涉及一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人 背景技术
[0002] 为了保证高压输电线安全稳定的运行, 必须定期对高压输电线进行检修。 高压 输电线的巡检检查对保护电网的安全是非常必要的, 高压输电线分布广泛, 部 分地区地理环境较为复杂, 人工巡检方式由于劳动强度大, 巡检精度低, 已经 不再适用, 因此只能寻求新的巡检方式。 随着移动机器人技术的发展, 为架空 高压输电线线的巡检提供了新的技术平台。
[0003] 目前研究的巡检机器人, 无论是沿架空线路行驶还是沿导线行驶, 均需要跨越 障碍物, 不仅极大影响机器人的巡检效率, 而且机器人本身也存在安全隐患。 相较于沿导线行驶的机器人, 沿架空线路行驶的机器人能够“居高临下”, 因此 巡检线路的视场角大, 巡检效果好, 但架空线路的耐张塔头结构复杂, 使得机 器人难以逾越, 机器人的实用性受到了极大制约。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明的目的在于提出一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 能够实现障碍物的自 动跨越。
[0005] 本发明为了实现上述目的, 采用如下技术方案:
[0006] 一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 包括安装有巡检设备的支撑结构;
[0007] 所述沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人还包括:
[0008] 连接于所述支撑结构某一侧部的悬臂装置底座以及
[0009] 在所述悬臂装置底座上沿前后方向依次安装的前悬臂装置、 中悬臂装置和后悬 臂装置;
[0010] 所述前悬臂装置和后悬臂装置具有相同的结构; 前悬臂装置 /后悬臂装置包括 一号驱动轮、 一号行走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 夹紧机构、 一号柔性回转机 构和一号举升机构;
[0011] 其中, 一号行走驱动机构与所述一号驱动轮连接, 并带动所述一号驱动轮转动
[0012] 一号行走驱动机构的底部安装于所述一号张开机构上, 所述一号张开机构用于 带动所述一号驱动轮和一号行走驱动机构同时沿左右方向运动以实现所述一号 驱动轮的开合动作;
[0013] 夹紧机构位于一号驱动轮下方, 且被配置为用于限定架空线路在一号驱动轮的 轮槽内;
[0014] 所述夹紧机构配置有用于在该夹紧机构偏离一号驱动轮下方后自动归位的拉力 弹簧;
[0015] 一号柔性回转机构位于一号张开机构的下方, 且与所述一号张开机构相连; 所 述一号柔性回转机构被配置为用于带动所述一号张开机构实现水平方向内一定 角度的转动;
[0016] 所述一号举升机构位于一号柔性回转机构的下方, 且用于带动所述一号驱动轮 、 一号行走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 夹紧机构和一号柔性回转机构同步实现 上升和下降动作;
[0017] 中悬臂装置包括二号驱动轮、 二号行走驱动机构、 二号张开机构、 二号柔性回 转机构和二号举升机构; 二号行走驱动机构与所述二号驱动轮连接, 并带动所 述二号驱动轮转动;
[0018] 二号行走驱动机构的底部安装于所述二号张开机构上, 所述二号张开机构用于 带动所述二号驱动轮和二号行走驱动机构同时沿左右方向运动以实现所述二号 驱动轮的开合动作;
[0019] 二号柔性回转机构位于二号张开机构的下方, 且与所述二号张开机构相连; 所 述二号柔性回转机构被配置为用于带动所述二号张开机构实现水平方向内一定 角度的转动; [0020] 所述二号举升机构位于所述二号柔性回转机构的下方, 且用于带动所述二号驱 动轮、 二号行走驱动机构、 二号张开机构和二号柔性回转机构同步实现上升和 下降动作;
[0021] 所述支撑结构内设有控制器, 其中, 控制器与所述一号行走驱动机构、 二号行 走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 二号张开机构、 一号举升机构和二号举升机构相 连。
[0022] 优选地, 所述一号行走驱动机构和二号行走驱动机构具有相同的结构;
[0023] 所述一号行走驱动机构 /二号行走驱动机构包括驱动电机、 轴套和电机座; 其 中:
[0024] 驱动电机通过轴套与所述一号驱动轮 /二号驱动轮连接, 驱动电机安装于电机 座上;
[0025] 电机座安装于所述一号张开机构 /二号张开机构上;
[0026] 驱动电机通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。
[0027] 优选地, 所述一号张开机构和二号张开机构具有相同的结构;
[0028] 所述一号张开机构 /二号张开机构包括开合底座、 直线导轨、 承重滑块、 开合 电机、 驱动齿轮、 从动齿轮、 开合丝杠以及丝杠螺母; 其中:
[0029] 直线导轨和开合丝杠安装于开合底座的上方, 且沿所述左右方向布置;
[0030] 承重滑块安装于直线导轨上;
[0031] 开合电机安装于所述开合底座的下方;
[0032] 开合电机的一端与驱动齿轮相连, 从动齿轮位于驱动齿轮上方且与所述驱动齿 轮啮合;
[0033] 从动齿轮安装于开合丝杠的一个端部; 丝杠螺母安装于开合丝杠上;
[0034] 所述一号行走驱动机构 /二号行走驱动机构的底部安装于承重滑块和丝杠螺母 上;
[0035] 开合电机通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。
[0036] 优选地, 所述一号柔性回转机构和二号柔性回转机构具有相同的结构;
[0037] 一号柔性回转机构 /二号柔性回转机构包括滚针轴承、 轴承底座、 聚酯弹性块 和限位条; [0038] 在一号张开机构 /二号张开机构的底部设有容纳滚针轴承的圆形凹槽;
[0039] 滚针轴承的外圈伸入所述圆形凹槽内并与所述一号张开机构 /二号张开机构固 连;
[0040] 滚针轴承的内圈与所述轴承底座相连;
[0041] 聚酯弹性块的内侧具有与所述轴承底座的外轮廓相适应的开孔;
[0042] 轴承底座通过过盈配合与所述聚酯弹性块连接;
[0043] 在聚酯弹性块的某一侧部设有用于容纳限位条的下端的凹槽;
[0044] 在一号张开机构 /二号张开机构的底部还设有用于容纳限位条的上端的限位槽
[0045] 限位槽位于所述凹槽的正上方, 且所述限位槽的宽度大于限位条的宽度;
[0046] 限位条的下端伸入所述凹槽内, 上端伸入所述限位槽内。
[0047] 优选地, 所述夹紧机构包括夹紧轮、 夹紧轮座、 上支撑座、 下支撑座以及所述 拉力弹簧;
[0048] 其中夹紧轮安装于夹紧轮座的一端, 且位于所述一号驱动轮的下方;
[0049] 所述上支撑座与下支撑座均为固定安装;
[0050] 上支撑座与下轴承座中的至少一个具有竖向的环形侧壁;
[0051] 夹紧轮座的另一端具有环形连接座; 夹紧轮座的另一端位于上支撑座与下支撑 座之间并套置于所述环形侧壁上, 且可绕所述环形侧壁前后摆动;
[0052] 在夹紧轮座与上支撑座之间对称安装有两个所述拉力弹簧, 其中一个拉力弹簧 用于向夹紧轮座施向斜前方的作用力, 另一个拉力弹簧用于向所述夹紧轮座施 向斜后方的作用力。
[0053] 优选地, 所述一号举升机构 /二号举升机构具有相同的结构;
[0054] 所述一号举升机构 /二号举升机构包括悬臂装置外管、 导向块、 悬臂装置内管 和举升推杆;
[0055] 其中, 悬臂装置外管通过导向块与悬臂装置内管连接;
[0056] 举升推杆通过举升推杆底座与所述悬臂装置外管的底部连接;
[0057] 举升推杆与悬臂装置内管连接, 且用于带动所述悬臂装置内管上下运动;
[0058] 举升推杆通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。 [0059] 优选地, 所述巡检设备包括摄像头、 红外探测仪和无线信号收发器;
[0060] 其中, 摄像头、 红外探测仪分别通过线路与所述无线信号收发器相连。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0061] 本发明具有如下优点:
[0062] 本发明中的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 包括三个悬臂装置, 在每个悬臂装置 上均设有驱动轮, 三个驱动轮可以同时挂线, 同时配合夹紧轮起到保护作用。 在越障时, 至少有两个悬臂装置同时挂线, 使得机器人不会因为晃动而从线路 上掉下, 从而保证了机器人的运行稳定性。 另外, 本发明中的机器人在跨越防 震锤等障碍物时, 能够直接撞开夹紧机构, 省略了越障步骤, 从而提高了越障 效率。 此外, 本发明能够将行走过的线路信息通过 4G网络清晰地传输给地面基 站, 保证了架空线路巡检工作的质量; 还可远程控制, 可广泛应用于架空线路 的巡检工作。 本发明实现了沿 10kV〜 500kV架空线路稳定行驶, 可跨越安装于架 空线路的防震锤、 悬垂线夹等线路设备。 本发明很好实现了行走、 越障时的自 动控制, 其具有越障时间短、 效率高、 爬坡角度大、 结构稳固、 重量轻、 操作 简单、 实时性好等优点。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0063] 图 1为本发明实施例中沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人的结构示意图;
[0064] 图 2为本发明实施例中沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人的剖视图;
[0065] 图 3为本发明实施例中行走驱动机构的结构示意图;
[0066] 图 4为本发明实施例中行走驱动机构的结构示意图 (图中省略了驱动轮) ; [0067] 图 5为本发明实施例中张开机构的结构示意图;
[0068] 图 6为本发明实施例中举升机构、 柔性回转机构和夹紧机构的装配结构图; [0069] 图 7为本发明实施例中举升机构的内部结构示意图;
[0070] 图 8为本发明实施例中下支撑座的结构示意图;
[0071] 图 9为本发明实施例中夹紧轮座的结构示意图;
[0072] 图 10为本发明实施例中开合底座与滚针轴承的装配示意图; [0073] 图 11为本发明实施例中开合底座的结构示意图。
[0074] 其中, 1-前悬臂装置, 2 -充电座, 3 -充电插头, 4 -压簧, 5 -支撑结构, 6 -巡检设 备, 7 -悬悬臂装置底座, 8 -后悬臂装置, 9 -中悬臂装置, 10-承重滑块, 11-直线 导轨, 12 -驱动轮, 13 -轴套, 14 -滚珠轴承, 15 -钢套, 16 -滚针轴承, 17 -夹紧轮 , 18 -夹紧轮座, 19 -拉力弹簧, 20 -上支撑座, 21 -下支撑座, 22 -悬臂装置外管, 23 -举升推杆底座, 24 -举升推杆, 25 -悬臂装置内管, 26 -轴承底座; 27 -聚酯弹性 块, 28 -限位条, 29 -滚针轴承, 30 -开合电机, 31 -驱动齿轮, 32 -开合底座, 33- 从动齿轮, 34 -开合丝杠, 35 -丝杠螺母, 36 -驱动电机, 37 -电机座, 38 -导向块, 39、 40 -安装孔, 41-上段, 42 -中段, 43 -下段, 44 -圆形凹槽, 45 -限位槽。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0075] 下面结合附图以及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明:
[0076] 结合图 1和图 2所示, 一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 包括支撑结构 5、 悬臂 装置底座 7以及三个悬臂装置。 其中:
[0077] 本实施例中的支撑结构 5例如可以采用箱体结构。
[0078] 支撑结构 5内设有控制器 (未示出) , 用于实现对其他机构的自动化控制。
[0079] 此外, 在支撑结构 5上还设有巡检设备 6, 例如包括摄像头、 红外探测仪和无线 信号收发器等。 其中, 摄像头、 红外探测仪分别通过线路与无线信号收发器相 连。
[0080] 无线信号收发器通过无线信号连接位于地面上的基站控制中心。
[0081] 优选地, 本实施例中的巡检设备 6安装于支撑结构 5的正下方。
[0082] 巡检设备 6将拍摄的线路图像信息通过无线网桥传到地面的基站控制中心, 便 于地面工作人员确定损坏的输电线位置及其周围环境状况, 以便进行维修。
[0083] 悬臂装底座 7连接于支撑结构 5的某一侧部, 例如图 1中支撑结构 5的右侧部 (当 然还可以是图 1中支撑结构 5的左侧部) 。 悬臂装置底座 7为前后方向布置, 用于 安装悬臂装置。
[0084] 优选地, 悬臂装置底座 7采用长方形安装板。
[0085] 各个悬臂装置沿前后方向依次安装在悬臂装置底座 7上。 [0086] 如图 1中, 定义三个悬臂装置, 从前往后依次为前悬臂装置 1、 中悬臂装置 9和 后悬臂装置 8。 其中, 前悬臂装置 1和后悬臂装置 8的结构完全相同。
[0087] 中悬臂装置 9与其他两个悬臂装置相比缺少下述的夹紧机构, 一方面由于中悬 臂装置无需单独挂线, 另一方面由于中悬臂装置需要安装充电机构。 除此之外 , 中悬臂装置 9的其余结构与前悬臂装置 1、 后悬臂装置 8的结构完全相同, 下面 具体介绍。
[0088] 以前悬臂装置 1为例进行说明:
[0089] 前悬臂装置 1包括驱动轮 12、 行走驱动机构、 张开机构、 夹紧机构、 柔性回转 机构和举升机构。 其中在机器人行走或越障时, 驱动轮 12挂在架空线路上, 用 于行走。
[0090] 行走驱动机构用于带动驱动轮 12实现行走。 具体的,
[0091] 如图 2、 图 3和图 4所示, 行走驱动机构包括驱动电机 36、 轴套 13、 滚珠轴承 14 、 钢套 15、 滚针轴承 16和电机座 37等部件。 其中:
[0092] 驱动电机 36通过轴套 13与驱动轮 12连接, 并可带动驱动轮 12转动。
[0093] 驱动电机 36安装于电机座 37上。
[0094] 此外, 在电机座 37上还设有安装孔 39 , 用于实现与张开机构的连接 (下面详述
'、 。
[0095] 本实施例中的驱动电机 36通过控制线路与控制器连接, 由控制器控制动作。
[0096] 张开机构用于带动驱动轮 12和行走驱动机构沿图 1中的左右方向运动, 从而实 现驱动轮 12的开合动作, 以完成越障过程。 具体的,
[0097] 如图 5所示, 张开机构包括开合底座 32、 直线导轨 11、 承重滑块 10、 开合电机 3 0、 驱动齿轮 31、 从动齿轮 33、 开合丝杠 34以及丝杠螺母 35。 其中:
[0098] 直线导轨 11和开合丝杠 34安装于开合底座 32的上方, 且沿左右方向布置。
[0099] 本实施例中的直线导轨 11有两条, 在每条直线导轨 11上分别设有两个承重滑块 10。
[0100] 承重滑块 10可沿直线导轨 11进行往复滑动。
[0101] 在各个承重滑块 19上均设有安装孔 40, 由于在电机座 37上设置安装孔 39 , 因而
, 可以通过穿过安装孔 39和安装孔 40的螺栓, 实现电机座 37和承重滑块 19的控 制。
[0102] 开合电机 30安装于开合底座 32的下方。 开合电机 30的一端与驱动齿轮 31相连, 从动齿轮 33位于驱动齿轮 31上方且与驱动齿轮 31啮合。
[0103] 从动齿轮 33安装于开合丝杠 34的一个端部; 丝杠螺母 35安装于开合丝杠 34上。
丝杠螺母 35可沿开合丝杠 34滑动。 此外, 丝杠螺母 35通过螺栓与电机座 37相连
[0104] 开合电机 30通过控制线路与控制器连接, 并由控制器控制开合电机 30动作。
[0105] 下面对张开机构的动作原理具体说明:
[0106] 在控制器的控制下, 开合电机 30动作, 并带动驱动齿轮 31转动, 从而带动从动 齿轮 33转动, 从而使得丝杠螺母 35沿开合丝杠 34左右运动。 由于丝杠螺母 35与 电机座 37连接, 进而可以带动驱动轮 12和行走驱动机构左右方向运动。
[0107] 当开合电机 30带动驱动轮 12和行走驱动机构向右运动时, 实现驱动轮 12的开动 作, 当开合电机 30带动驱动轮 12和行走驱动机构向左运动时, 实现驱动轮 12的 合动作。
[0108] 柔性回转机构位于张开机构的下方, 且与张开机构相连。
[0109] 该柔性回转机构用于带动对应的张开机构在水平方向上实现一定角度的转动, 从而使得各个悬悬臂装置均具有一定的转动角度, 可以过桥, 可以跨越更多的 障碍。
[0110] 如图 6所示, 柔性回转机构包括滚针轴承 29、 轴承底座 26、 聚酯弹性块 27和限 位条 28。 如图 10和图 11所示, 滚针轴承 29的外圈与开合底座 32相连。
[0111] 具体的, 在开合底座 32的前侧下部设有用于容纳滚针轴承 29的圆形凹槽 44, 滚 针轴承 29的外圈伸入圆形凹槽 44内并固定。 上述固定连接方式例如可以为螺栓 连接等等。
[0112] 滚针轴承 29的内圈通过螺栓与轴承底座 26相连。
[0113] 此外, 聚酯弹性块 27的内侧具有与轴承底座 26的外轮廓相适应的开孔, 例如轴 承底座 26的外侧轮廓为方形, 则聚酯弹性块 27的内侧开设方形的孔。
[0114] 上述设计, 便于聚酯弹性块 27与轴承底座 26进行过盈配合。
[0115] 此外, 在聚酯弹性块 27的某一侧部, 例如后侧部设有用于容纳限位条 28的凹槽 (未示出) , 凹槽例如为方形, 限位条 28也可以为长条形。 限位条 28的下端伸 入上述凹槽内。
[0116] 如图 11所示, 在开合底座上还设有一限位槽 45 , 限位槽 45位于圆形凹槽 44的后 侧。
[0117] 上述限位槽 45可以设计为方形。 限位条 28的上端伸入该限位槽 45内。
[0118] 限位槽 45位于凹槽的正上方。 本实施例中的限位条 28宽度小于限位槽 45的宽度 , 以保证开合底座 32在滚针轴承 29外圈的带动下有小幅摆动。
[0119] 需要说明的是, 本实施例中滚针轴承 29的运动为被动式运动, 即在外界障碍物 的作用下即可实现转动, 从而带动开合底座 32在水平方向内一定角度的活动量
[0120] 本实施例中限位条 28的上端和下端中的至少有一端需要固定, 例如螺栓固定。
[0121] 柔性回转机构, 使得各个悬臂装置均具有一定的转动角度, 可以过桥, 甚至跨 越更多的障碍。 而通过限位条 28、 限位槽 45的设计, 使得开合底座 32仅仅有小 范围的摆动量。
[0122] 轴承底座 26例如可以固定在下述悬臂装置内管 25上, 如图 7所示。
[0123] 本实施例中的夹紧机构位于驱动轮 12的下方, 且被配置为用于限定架空线路在 驱动轮 12的轮槽内, 以保证各个悬臂装置在架空线路上运行的稳定性。 如图 6所 示, 夹紧机构包括夹紧轮 17、 夹紧轮座 18、 拉力弹簧 19、 上支撑座 20和下支撑 座 21。 其中:
[0124] 夹紧轮 17安装于夹紧轮座 18的一端, 且位于驱动轮 12的下方。
[0125] 在夹紧轮 17的作用下, 架空线路处于驱动轮 12的轮槽内, 保证了机器人行走的 稳定性。
[0126] 本实施例中的上支撑座 20与下支撑座 21均为固定安装。
[0127] 如图 8所示, 本实施例中下支撑座 21由上段 41、 中段 42和下段 43依次连接组成
[0128] 上段 41的外侧轮廓呈环形; 中段 42的外侧轮廓呈环形, 即具有一个竖向的环形 侧壁; 下段 43的外侧轮廓呈方形。 中段 42截面尺寸大于上段 41的截面尺寸、 下 段 43截面尺寸。 [0129] 在下支撑座 21的内侧设有供下述悬臂装置内管 25向上穿过的通孔 (未示出) 。
[0130] 下支撑座 21的下段 43伸入到下述悬臂装置外管 22内, 并通过螺栓进行固定。 而 悬臂装置内管 25则可以经由上述通孔向上穿过下支撑座 21, 如图 2所示。
[0131] 安装后, 中段 42置于悬臂装置外管 22的顶部。 上支撑座 21也为圆环形, 且上支 撑座 21的下部表面与下支撑座 21 (上段 41) 的上部表面通过螺栓连接。
[0132] 如图 9所示, 夹紧轮座 18的另一端具有环形连接座 44 (即具有环形孔的连接座 ) , 夹紧轮座 18的另一端位于上支撑座 20与下支撑座 21之间, 并套置于中段 42 上。
[0133] 在碰到障碍物时, 夹紧机构可绕中段 42 (轴线) 进行前后摆动。
[0134] 此外, 在夹紧轮座 18与上支撑座之间对称安装有两个拉力弹簧 19。
[0135] 一个拉力弹簧 19用于向夹紧轮座 18施向斜前方的作用力, 另一个拉力弹簧 19用 于向夹紧轮座 18施向斜后方的作用力。 通过两个拉力弹簧 19相对平衡的作用力 , 可保持夹紧轮 17位于驱动轮 12的正下方。 夹紧机构经过障碍物时, 可能会产 生向前或向后的摆动。
[0136] 在两个拉力弹簧 19的作用下, 能够使得夹紧轮在偏离驱动轮 12的下方后自动归 位。
[0137] 举升机构位于柔性回转机构的下方, 用于带动其余各个机构实现上升和下降动 作。
[0138] 对于前悬臂装置 1和后悬臂装置 8而言, 举升机构可以带动驱动轮、 行走驱动机 构、 张开机构、 夹紧机构和柔性回转机构同步实现上升和下降动作。 而对于中 悬臂装置 9 , 举升机构则带动驱动轮、 行走驱动机构、 张开机构和柔性回转机构 同步实现上升和下降动作。
[0139] 如图 6和图 7所示, 举升机构包括悬臂装置外管 22、 导向块 38、 悬臂装置内管 25 和举升推杆 24; 悬臂装置外管 22通过导向块 38与悬臂装置内管 25连接。
[0140] 举升推杆 24与悬臂装置内管 25连接, 且用于带动悬臂装置内管 25上下运动。 在 运动过程中, 导向块 38可以保证悬臂装置内管 25在悬臂装置外管 22内运动的方 向性。
[0141] 举升推杆 24通过举升推杆底座 23与悬臂装置外管 22的底部连接。 [0142] 举升推杆 24通过控制线路与控制器连接, 并由控制器控制。
[0143] 在上面已经介绍过, 中悬臂装置 9具有与前悬臂装置 1、 后悬臂装置 8相同的驱 动轮、 行走驱动机构、 张开机构、 柔性回转机构和举升机构。
[0144] 此外, 中悬臂装置 9还包括充电机构 (位于中悬臂装置左侧) 。
[0145] 其中, 充电机构包括充电插头 3, 充电插头 3通过压簧 4与充电座 2连接, 充电座 2通过螺栓与悬臂装置内管 25连接。 充电插头 3与控制器通过线路相连。
[0146] 本实施例中的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其三只悬悬臂装置通过行走驱动机 构实现在输电线上的行走; 通过举升机构实现机器人在竖直方向的上升和下降 动作, 即伸开、 收缩状态; 通过张开机构实现行走驱动机构的开合动作, 即打 开、 闭合的状态。
[0147] 基于上述结构, 在遇到障碍物时, 本实施例中的三只悬臂装置相配合进行有序 的伸开、 收缩, 打开、 闭合动作以实现对障碍物的跨越功能。
[0148] 下面对本实施例中沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人的工作过程进行详细说明:
[0149] 以跨越悬垂线夹为例: 在输电线上行走时, 前悬臂装置 1、 中悬臂装置 9、 后悬 臂装置 8通过驱动轮 12挂线, 且前悬臂装置 1、 中悬臂装置 9、 后悬臂装置 8的举 升机构处于收缩状态, 张开机构处于闭合状态, 夹紧机构处于压紧状态。 当遇 到障碍物如悬垂线夹时, 机器人停止行走, 通过举升机构抬起前悬臂装置 1, 通 过张开机构打开前悬臂装置 1的驱动轮 12, 通过举升机构使前悬臂装置 1下沉, 机器人前行, 通过举升机构抬起前悬臂装置 1, 通过张开机构关闭前悬臂装置 1 , 通过举升机构使前悬臂装置 1下沉, 机器人前行; 通过举升机构抬起中悬臂装 置 9 , 通过张开机构打开中悬臂装置 9的驱动轮 12, 通过举升机构使中悬臂装置 9 下沉, 机器人前行, 通过举升机构抬起中悬臂装置 9 , 通过张开机构关闭中悬臂 装置 9 , 通过举升机构使中悬臂装置 9下沉, 机器人前行; 通过举升机构抬起后 悬臂装置 8 , 通过张开机构打开后悬臂装置 8的驱动轮 12, 通过举升机构使后悬 臂装置 8下沉, 机器人前行, 通过举升机构抬起后悬臂装置 8 , 通过张开机构关 闭后悬臂装置 8 , 通过举升机构使后悬臂装置 8下沉, 机器人前行, 完成越障。 当遇到障碍物如防震锤等障碍物时, 因为前后悬臂装置的夹紧机构可以直接撞 开障碍物, 使得机器人无需能够直接前行通过。 [0150] 当然, 以上说明仅仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 本发明并不限于列举上述实施例 , 应当说明的是, 任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本说明书的教导下, 所做出的 所有等同替代-明显变形形式, 均落在本说明书的实质范围之内, 理应受到本发 明的保护。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 包括安装有巡检设备的支撑结构; 其特征在于:
所述沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人还包括:
连接于所述支撑结构某一侧部的悬臂装置底座以及 在所述悬臂装置底座上沿前后方向依次安装的前悬臂装置、 中悬臂装 置和后悬臂装置;
所述前悬臂装置和后悬臂装置具有相同的结构; 前悬臂装置 /后悬臂 装置包括一号驱动轮、 一号行走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 夹紧机构 、 一号柔性回转机构和一号举升机构;
一号行走驱动机构与所述一号驱动轮连接, 并带动所述一号驱动轮转 动;
一号行走驱动机构的底部安装于所述一号张开机构上, 所述一号张开 机构用于带动所述一号驱动轮和一号行走驱动机构同时沿左右方向运 动以实现所述一号驱动轮的开合动作;
夹紧机构位于一号驱动轮下方, 且被配置为用于限定架空线路在一号 驱动轮的轮槽内; 所述夹紧机构配置有用于在该夹紧机构偏离一号 驱动轮下方后自动归位的拉力弹簧;
一号柔性回转机构位于一号张开机构的下方, 且与所述一号张开机构 相连; 所述一号柔性回转机构被配置为用于带动所述一号张开机构实 现水平方向内一定角度的转动;
所述一号举升机构位于一号柔性回转机构的下方, 且用于带动所述一 号驱动轮、 一号行走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 夹紧机构和一号柔性 回转机构同步实现上升和下降动作;
中悬臂装置包括二号驱动轮、 二号行走驱动机构、 二号张开机构、 二 号柔性回转机构和二号举升机构; 二号行走驱动机构与所述二号驱动 轮连接, 并带动所述二号驱动轮转动;
二号行走驱动机构的底部安装于所述二号张开机构上, 所述二号张开 机构用于带动所述二号驱动轮和二号行走驱动机构同时沿左右方向运 动以实现所述二号驱动轮的开合动作;
二号柔性回转机构位于二号张开机构的下方, 且与所述二号张开机构 相连; 所述二号柔性回转机构被配置为用于带动所述二号张开机构实 现水平方向内一定角度的转动;
所述二号举升机构位于所述二号柔性回转机构的下方, 且用于带动所 述二号驱动轮、 二号行走驱动机构、 二号张开机构和二号柔性回转机 构同步实现上升和下降动作;
所述支撑结构内设有控制器, 其中, 控制器与所述一号行走驱动机构 、 二号行走驱动机构、 一号张开机构、 二号张开机构、 一号举升机构 和二号举升机构相连。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征在于, 所述一号行走驱动机构和二号行走驱动机构具有相同的结构; 所述一号行走驱动机构 /二号行走驱动机构包括驱动电机、 轴套和电 机座; 其中:
驱动电机通过轴套与所述一号驱动轮 /二号驱动轮连接, 驱动电机安 装于电机座上;
电机座安装于所述一号张开机构 /二号张开机构上; 驱动电机通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征在于, 所述一号张开机构和二号张开机构具有相同的结构;
所述一号张开机构 /二号张开机构包括开合底座、 直线导轨、 承重滑 块、 开合电机、 驱动齿轮、 从动齿轮、 开合丝杠以及丝杠螺母; 其中 直线导轨和开合丝杠安装于开合底座的上方, 且沿所述左右方向布置 承重滑块安装于直线导轨上;
开合电机安装于所述开合底座的下方; 开合电机的一端与驱动齿轮相连, 从动齿轮位于驱动齿轮上方且与所 述驱动齿轮 U齿合;
从动齿轮安装于开合丝杠的一个端部; 丝杠螺母安装于开合丝杠上; 所述一号行走驱动机构 /二号行走驱动机构的底部安装于承重滑块和 丝杠螺母上;
开合电机通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征在于, 所述一号柔性回转机构和二号柔性回转机构具有相同的结构; 一号柔性回转机构 /二号柔性回转机构包括滚针轴承、 轴承底座、 聚 酯弹性块和限位条;
在一号张开机构 /二号张开机构的底部设有容纳滚针轴承的圆形凹槽
滚针轴承的外圈伸入所述圆形凹槽内并与所述一号张开机构 /二号张 开机构固连;
滚针轴承的内圈与所述轴承底座相连;
聚酯弹性块的内侧具有与所述轴承底座的外轮廓相适应的开孔; 轴承底座通过过盈配合与所述聚酯弹性块连接; 在聚酯弹性块的某一侧部设有用于容纳限位条的下端的凹槽; 在一号张开机构 /二号张开机构的底部还设有用于容纳限位条的上端 的限位槽;
限位槽位于所述凹槽的正上方, 且所述限位槽的宽度大于限位条的宽 度;
限位条的下端伸入所述凹槽内, 上端伸入所述限位槽内。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征在于, 所述夹紧机构包括夹紧轮、 夹紧轮座、 上支撑座、 下支撑座以及所述 拉力弹簧;
其中夹紧轮安装于夹紧轮座的一端, 且位于所述一号驱动轮的下方; 所述上支撑座与下支撑座均为固定安装; 上支撑座与下轴承座中的至少一个具有竖向的环形侧壁;
夹紧轮座的另一端具有环形连接座; 夹紧轮座的另一端位于上支撑座 与下支撑座之间并套置于所述环形侧壁上, 且可绕所述环形侧壁前后 摆动;
在夹紧轮座与上支撑座之间对称安装有两个所述拉力弹簧, 其中一个 拉力弹簧用于向夹紧轮座施向斜前方的作用力, 另一个拉力弹簧用于 向所述夹紧轮座施向斜后方的作用力。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征在于, 所述一号举升机构 /二号举升机构具有相同的结构; 所述一号举升机构 /二号举升机构包括悬臂装置外管、 导向块、 悬臂 装置内管和举升推杆;
其中, 悬臂装置外管通过导向块与悬臂装置内管连接;
举升推杆通过举升推杆底座与所述悬臂装置外管的底部连接; 举升推杆与悬臂装置内管连接, 且用于带动所述悬臂装置内管上下运 动;
举升推杆通过控制线路与所述控制器连接。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人, 其特征 在于,
所述巡检设备包括摄像头、 红外探测仪和无线信号收发器; 其中, 摄像头、 红外探测仪分别通过线路与所述无线信号收发器相连
PCT/CN2018/123661 2018-11-15 2018-12-25 一种沿架空线路行走攀爬机器人 Ceased WO2020098090A1 (zh)

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CN115319771A (zh) * 2022-09-14 2022-11-11 辽宁工业大学 一种三臂越障式高压线巡检机器人
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CN117188295B (zh) * 2023-10-26 2025-09-23 深圳市人工智能与机器人研究院 一种双轨攀爬机构
CN118572560A (zh) * 2024-08-02 2024-08-30 国网山东省电力公司宁阳县供电公司 用于架空输电线路防震锤的复位装置
CN118876031A (zh) * 2024-09-29 2024-11-01 中电建电力运维管理有限公司 一种电力工程安防运维机器人

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