WO2020075871A1 - Rouleau de développement, dispositif de développement et dispositif de formation d'image - Google Patents

Rouleau de développement, dispositif de développement et dispositif de formation d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020075871A1
WO2020075871A1 PCT/JP2019/040516 JP2019040516W WO2020075871A1 WO 2020075871 A1 WO2020075871 A1 WO 2020075871A1 JP 2019040516 W JP2019040516 W JP 2019040516W WO 2020075871 A1 WO2020075871 A1 WO 2020075871A1
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Prior art keywords
coating layer
less
mass
group
developing roller
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PCT/JP2019/040516
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
江川　敏彦
政史 山中
淳子 新井
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信越ポリマー株式会社
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Priority to CN201980066863.XA priority Critical patent/CN112840275B/zh
Publication of WO2020075871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020075871A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a developing roller, a developing device, and an image forming apparatus.
  • a developing roller used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, or a facsimile adopting an electrophotographic method has a function of conveying a developer to an image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed.
  • the developer transportability of the developing roller affects the quality of the image forming apparatus, particularly the print density. In recent years, it has been studied to form unevenness on the surface of the developing roller and adjust the electrical characteristics of various materials forming the developing roller to improve the developer transportability of the developing roller.
  • Developers may adhere to the surface of the developer roller (called “filming”) if it is used for a long period of time.
  • filming is, for example, that the developer is deformed or destroyed by the sliding stress of the blade or the like that comes into pressure contact with the developing roller when the developer is charged or adhered, and further, the development by friction heat with the blade or the like is performed. It is considered to be caused by the melting of the agent.
  • a developing roller in which the occurrence of filming is suppressed as much as possible in the developing roller, and thereby the durable printing performance is stabilized.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a conductive roller containing an ionic liquid, in which the developer is unlikely to adhere to the surface for a long time.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a reactive fluorine-containing copolymer useful as a surface modifier for imparting anti-fingerprint property and surface smoothness to the surface of resins, films, fibers and the like.
  • Patent Document 3 in order to maintain toner releasability and abrasion resistance, perfluoropolyether is contained in the outermost layer, and the surface fluorine atom / carbon atom ratio is 0.1 or more and 0.4 or more. The following members for electrophotography are disclosed.
  • JP, 2011-221442 A JP, 2015-120852, A JP, 2015-28613, A
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a developing roller, a developing device, and an image forming apparatus in which occurrence of filming is favorably suppressed and durability printing performance is excellent.
  • the developing roller of the present invention is a developing roller including an elastic layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of a shaft body and a coating layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer.
  • the coating layer has 20 fluorine atoms on the surface. It is at least atomic% and at most 60 atomic%, and the arithmetic average roughness Ra is at least 0.4 and at least 1.5.
  • the “content of fluorine atoms on the surface” means a value measured by ESCA, which will be shown in Examples described later.
  • the ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to the number of carbon atoms contained in the coating layer is preferably more than 0.4 and 1.0 or less.
  • the ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to the number of carbon atoms contained in the coating layer means a value measured by a measuring method in Examples described later.
  • the coating layer is formed by heating and curing the resin composition for the coating layer, and the content of fluorine atoms in the resin composition for the coating layer is preferably less than 5% by mass.
  • the resin composition for a coating layer comprises (a) a polyol, (b) an isocyanate, (c) a hydroxyl group and a (meth) acrylate copolymer containing 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom, and (d) a surface.
  • a material containing a roughening material and (e) an ion conductive material is preferable.
  • the developing device of the present invention includes the developing roller of the present invention.
  • the image forming apparatus of the present invention includes the developing roller of the present invention.
  • the present invention it is possible to obtain a developing roller, a developing device, and an image forming apparatus in which the occurrence of filming is satisfactorily suppressed and which has excellent durable printing performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of the developing roller of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of the developing roller of the present invention.
  • the developing roller 1 of the present invention is a developing roller including an elastic layer 3 formed on the outer peripheral surface of a shaft body 2 and a coating layer 4 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3.
  • the coating layer 4 has 20 atomic% or more and 60 atomic% or less of fluorine atoms on the surface and has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.4 or more and 1.5 or less.
  • the configuration of the developing roller 1 of the present invention will be described below.
  • the shaft body 2 As the shaft body 2, preferably, a shaft body having conductivity, which is used in a conventionally known developing roller, can be used.
  • the shaft body 2 is preferably made of, for example, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and brass.
  • the shaft body 2 made of such a metal is generally known by the name of "core bar”.
  • the shaft body 2 may include an insulating resin.
  • the insulating resin may be, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
  • the shaft body 2 may include, for example, a core body made of an insulating resin and a plating layer provided on the core body. Such a shaft body 2 can be obtained, for example, by plating a core body made of an insulating resin to make it conductive.
  • the shaft body 2 is preferably a core metal in order to obtain good conductivity.
  • the shape of the shaft body 2 is preferably, for example, a rod shape, a tubular shape, or the like.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shaft body 2 may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a non-circular shape such as a polygonal shape.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 may be subjected to treatments such as cleaning treatment, degreasing treatment, and primer treatment in order to improve the adhesiveness with the elastic layer 3.
  • the axial length of the shaft body 2 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed.
  • the axial length of the shaft body 2 is preferably 250 mm or more and 320 mm or less, and more preferably 260 mm or more and 310 mm or less.
  • the diameter of the shaft body 2 (diameter of the circumscribing circle) is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed.
  • the outer diameter (diameter of the circumscribing circle) of the shaft body 2 is preferably 4 mm or more and 14 mm or less, and more preferably 6 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
  • the elastic layer 3 is formed by heating and curing the rubber composition on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2.
  • the rubber composition for forming the elastic layer 3 preferably contains rubber, a conductivity-imparting agent, and optionally various additives.
  • Examples of the rubber in the rubber composition include silicone or silicone-modified rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (including ethylene propylene diene rubber), styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, natural rubber, acrylic rubber, chloroprene. Examples thereof include rubber, butyl rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, urethane rubber and fluororubber. Silicone or silicone modified rubber or urethane rubber is preferable. Silicone or silicone modified rubber can reduce compression set and is excellent in flexibility in a low temperature environment, and further, heat resistance and charging property. It is particularly preferable in that it has excellent properties.
  • silicone rubber examples include crosslinked products of organopolysiloxane such as dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane.
  • silicone rubber composition examples include addition-curable millable conductive silicone rubber compositions and addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber compositions.
  • the addition-curable millable conductive silicone rubber composition contains, for example, (A) an organopolysiloxane represented by the following average composition formula (1), (B) a filler, and (C) a conductivity-imparting agent. You may R 1 n SiO (4-n) / 2 (1) In the formula (1), n represents a positive number of 1.95 or more and 2.05 or less. R 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be the same or different. The number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more and 12 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less.
  • R 1 examples include alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, hexyl group and dodecyl group, cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, butenyl group and hexenyl group. Examples thereof include an alkenyl group, an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a tolyl group, and an aralkyl group such as a ⁇ -phenylpropyl group.
  • R 1 may be a group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are substituted with a substituent.
  • the substituent may be, for example, a halogen atom, a cyano group or the like.
  • Examples of the hydrocarbon group having a substituent include a chloromethyl group, a trifluoropropyl group, a cyanoethyl group and the like.
  • the organopolysiloxane (A) has a molecular chain terminal such as a trialkylsilyl group such as a trimethylsilyl group, a dialkylaralkylsilyl group such as a dimethylvinylsilyl group, a dialkylhydroxysilyl group such as a dimethylhydroxysilyl group, and a trivinylsilyl group. It is preferably blocked with a triaralkylsilyl group or the like.
  • the (A) organopolysiloxane preferably has two or more alkenyl groups in the molecule.
  • the (A) organopolysiloxane preferably has 0.001 mol% or more and 5 mol% or less (more preferably 0.01 mol% or more and 0.5 mol% or less) of alkenyl groups in R 1 .
  • a vinyl group is particularly preferable as the alkenyl group contained in the organopolysiloxane (A).
  • the (A) organopolysiloxane is obtained by, for example, subjecting one or more organohalosilanes to co-hydrolysis condensation, or ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic polysiloxane such as a trimer or tetramer of siloxane. Can be obtained by The (A) organopolysiloxane may be basically a linear diorganopolysiloxane and may be partially branched. The organopolysiloxane (A) may be a mixture of two or more having different molecular structures.
  • the (A) organopolysiloxane preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 cSt or more, and more preferably 100000 cSt or more and 10000000 cSt or less.
  • the degree of polymerization of the (A) organopolysiloxane is, for example, preferably 100 cSt or more, and more preferably 3000 cSt or more and 10000 cSt or less.
  • Examples of the filler include silica-based fillers.
  • Examples of silica-based fillers include fumed silica and precipitated silica.
  • a surface-treated silica-based filler surface-treated with a silane coupling agent represented by R 2 Si (OR 3 ) 3 can be preferably used.
  • R 2 may be a group having a vinyl group or an amino group, and may be, for example, a glycidyl group, a vinyl group, an aminopropyl group, a methacryloxy group, an N-phenylaminopropyl group, a mercapto group, or the like.
  • R 3 may be an alkyl group, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group or the like.
  • the silane coupling agent is easily available, for example, under the trade names “KBM1003” and “KBE402” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the surface-treated silica-based filler can be obtained by treating the surface of the silica-based filler with a silane coupling agent according to a standard method.
  • As the surface-treated silica-based filler a commercially available product may be used. M.
  • the product name “Zeothix 95” manufactured by HUBER Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
  • the blending amount of the silica-based filler is preferably 11 parts by mass or more and 39 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (A) organopolysiloxane.
  • the average particle diameter of the silica-based filler is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the silica-based filler can be measured as a median diameter by using a particle size distribution measuring device using a laser light diffraction method.
  • the conductivity imparting agent includes carb, metal, metal oxide, metal compound, conductive polymer, ionic liquid and the like.
  • the amount of the conductivity-imparting agent (C) blended is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 1 part by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the (A) organopolysiloxane. Further, the blending amount of the conductivity-imparting agent (C) is preferably 15 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the (A) organopolysiloxane.
  • the addition-curable millable conductive silicone rubber composition may further contain additives other than (A) to (C).
  • additives include auxiliary agents (chain extenders, crosslinking agents, etc.), catalysts, dispersants, foaming agents, antioxidants, antioxidants, pigments, colorants, processing aids, softening agents, plasticizers, Examples thereof include an emulsifier, an ionic conductive agent, a heat resistance improver, a flame retardant improver, an acid acceptor, a thermal conductivity improver, a release agent and a solvent.
  • the dispersant include low molecular weight siloxane and silane.
  • specific examples of the additives include heat resistance improvers such as iron octylate, iron oxide, and cerium oxide.
  • various carbon functional silanes, various olefin-based elastomers, etc. for improving adhesiveness, molding processability and the like may be used.
  • the addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition includes, for example, (D) an organopolysiloxane having two or more alkenyl groups in the molecule, and (E) two or more hydrogen atoms bonded to a silicon atom in the molecule.
  • the organohydrogenpolysiloxane may be contained, (F) a filler, (G) a conductivity-imparting agent, and (H) an addition reaction catalyst.
  • a represents a positive number of 1.5 or more and 2.8 or less, preferably 1.8 or more and 2.5 or less, and more preferably 1.95 or more and 2.05 or less.
  • R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be the same or different. However, at least two of R 4 in one molecule are alkenyl groups. The number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more and 12 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less.
  • R 4 examples include the same groups as those exemplified above as R 1 . Further, it is preferable that at least two of R 4 s in one molecule are alkenyl groups and the other R 4 s are alkyl groups.
  • the alkenyl group is preferably a vinyl group, and the alkyl group is preferably a methyl group.
  • 90% or more of R 4 may be an alkyl group (preferably a methyl group).
  • the content of the alkenyl group in the (D) organopolysiloxane is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 mol / g or more and 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 mol / g or less, and 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ It is more preferably 6 mol / g or more and 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 mol / g or less.
  • the (D) organopolysiloxane is preferably liquid at 25 ° C., and the viscosity at 25 ° C. is preferably 100 mPa ⁇ s or more and 1,000,000 mPa ⁇ s or less, and more preferably 200 mPa ⁇ s or more and 100000 mPa ⁇ s or less. preferable. Further, the average degree of polymerization of the organopolysiloxane (D) is preferably 100 or more and 800 or less, and more preferably 150 or more and 600 or less.
  • b represents a positive number of 0.7 or more and 2.1 or less
  • c represents a positive number of 0.001 or more and 1.0 or less
  • bc is 0.8 or more and 3.0 or less.
  • R 5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be the same or different.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less.
  • R 5 the same groups as those exemplified as the above R 1 can be exemplified.
  • the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane has two or more hydrogen atoms (Si—H) bonded to a silicon atom in one molecule, and preferably has three or more. Further, the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms contained in one molecule of the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane is preferably 200 or less, and more preferably 100 or less.
  • the content of hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms is preferably 0.001 mol / g or more and 0.017 mol / g or less, and 0.002 mol / g or more and 0.015 mol / g or less. It is more preferably g or less.
  • Examples of the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane include trimethylsiloxy group-blocked methylhydrogenpolysiloxane at both terminals, trimethylsiloxy group-blocked dimethylsiloxane / methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer at both terminals, and dimethylhydrogensiloxy group-blocked at both terminals.
  • the blending amount of the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, and 0.3 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (D) organopolysiloxane.
  • the following is more preferable.
  • the molar ratio of Si—H of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane (E) to the alkenyl group of the organopolysiloxane (D) is preferably 0.3 to 5.0, and 0.5 to 2.5. Is more preferable.
  • the filler may be, for example, an inorganic filler.
  • the average particle diameter of the (F) filler is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the (F) filler can be measured as a median diameter by using a particle size distribution measuring device by a laser light diffraction method.
  • the bulk density of the filler is preferably at 0.1 g / cm 3 or more 0.5 g / cm 3 or less, and more preferably less 0.15 g / cm 3 or more 0.45 g / cm 3 .
  • the bulk density of the filler can be determined based on the method of measuring the apparent specific gravity of JIS K6223.
  • Examples of (F) fillers include diatomaceous earth, perlite, mica, calcium carbonate, glass flakes, and hollow fillers.
  • diatomaceous earth, pearlite, and crushed products of expanded perlite can be preferably used.
  • the compounding amount of the (F) filler is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the (D) organopolysiloxane. .
  • Examples of the conductivity-imparting agent include carbon, metal, metal oxide, metal compound, conductive polymer, ionic liquid and the like.
  • the amount of the (G) conductivity-imparting agent added is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less, and preferably 1 part by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the (D) organopolysiloxane. More preferably.
  • the (H) addition reaction catalyst may be any catalyst that can activate the addition reaction between the (D) organopolysiloxane and the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane.
  • Examples of the (H) addition reaction catalyst include a catalyst having a platinum group element.
  • Examples of the catalyst having a platinum group element include platinum-based catalysts (for example, platinum black, chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid, a reaction product of chloroplatinic acid and a monohydric alcohol, and a complex of chloroplatinic acid and an olefin). , Platinum bisacetoacetate, etc.), palladium-based catalysts, rhodium-based catalysts, and the like.
  • the compounding amount of the (H) addition reaction catalyst may be a catalytic amount.
  • the blending amount of the (H) addition reaction catalyst is such that the platinum group element amount is 0.5 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less with respect to the total mass of the (D) organopolysiloxane and the (E) organohydrogenpolysiloxane.
  • the amount is preferably 1 mass ppm or more and 500 mass ppm or less.
  • the elastic layer 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 by heat molding and molding simultaneously or continuously by a known molding method.
  • the method for curing the rubber composition may be any method capable of applying heat necessary for curing the rubber composition, and the elastic layer 3 may be molded by continuous vulcanization by extrusion molding, press molding, mold molding by injection, and the like. It is not limited.
  • the rubber composition is an addition curable millable conductive silicone rubber composition
  • extrusion molding can be selected
  • the rubber composition is an addition curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition.
  • a molding method using a mold can be selected.
  • the elastic body (cured product of the silicone rubber composition) formed on the shaft body 2 may be formed by grinding or polishing.
  • the heating temperature for curing the rubber composition is preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 120 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower in the case of the addition-curable millable conductive silicone rubber composition.
  • the heating time is preferably several seconds or more and 1 hour or less, more preferably 10 seconds or more and 35 minutes or less.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 100 ° C or higher and 300 ° C or lower, more preferably 110 ° C or higher and 200 ° C or lower.
  • the heating time is preferably 5 minutes or more and 5 hours or less, more preferably 1 hour or more and 3 hours or less.
  • secondary vulcanization may be performed, if necessary.
  • addition-curable millable conductive silicone rubber composition for example, curing conditions of 100 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less and 1 hour or more and 20 hours or less are selected. Further, in the case of the addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition, for example, curing conditions of 120 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less and about 2 hours or more and 70 hours or less are selected. Further, the rubber composition can be foamed and cured by a known method to easily form a sponge-like elastic layer having bubbles.
  • the addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition may further contain additives other than (D) to (H).
  • additives include auxiliary agents (chain extenders, crosslinking agents, etc.), foaming agents, dispersants, antioxidants, antioxidants, ion conductive agents, pigments, colorants, processing aids, softening agents, plasticizers.
  • auxiliary agents chain extenders, crosslinking agents, etc.
  • foaming agents dispersants, antioxidants, antioxidants, ion conductive agents, pigments, colorants, processing aids, softening agents, plasticizers.
  • additives include dispersants such as low-molecular-weight siloxane ester, polyether-modified silicone oil, silanol, and phenylsilanediol. Further, heat resistance improvers such as iron octylate, iron oxide and cerium oxide can be mentioned. Further, various carbon functional silanes, various olefin-based elastomers, etc. for improving the adhesiveness, molding processability and the like may be used. Further, a halogen compound or the like which imparts flame retardancy may be used.
  • the viscosity of the addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition at 25 ° C. is preferably 5 Pa ⁇ s or more and 500 Pa ⁇ s or less, and more preferably 5 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200 Pa ⁇ s or less.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 3 is not particularly limited and is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 6 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less.
  • the thickness in this specification indicates the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the developing roller 1.
  • the outer diameter of the elastic layer 3 is not particularly limited and is, for example, preferably 6 mm or more and 25 mm or less, and more preferably 7 mm or more and 21 mm or less.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 is subjected to a surface treatment such as a primer treatment, a corona treatment, a plasma treatment, an excimer treatment, a UV treatment, an itro treatment, and a flame treatment for the purpose of improving adhesion with the coating layer 4.
  • a surface treatment such as a primer treatment, a corona treatment, a plasma treatment, an excimer treatment, a UV treatment, an itro treatment, and a flame treatment for the purpose of improving adhesion with the coating layer 4.
  • the method for forming the elastic layer 3 is not particularly limited.
  • the elastic layer 3 may be formed by a method such as extrusion molding of a silicone rubber composition or LIMS molding. Further, the elastic layer 3 may be formed by grinding, polishing, or the like of the elastic body (cured product of the silicone rubber composition) formed on the shaft body 2.
  • the rubber composition may further contain various additives other than the above.
  • various additives include auxiliaries (chain extenders, crosslinking agents, etc.), catalysts, dispersants, foaming agents, antioxidants, antioxidants, pigments, colorants, processing aids, softeners, plasticizers. , Emulsifiers, heat resistance improvers, flame retardancy improvers, acid acceptors, thermal conductivity improvers, release agents, solvents and the like.
  • the coating layer 4 is provided on the outermost surface of the elastic layer 3 and on the outermost surface of the developing roller 1.
  • the coating layer 4 is obtained by applying the coating layer resin composition to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 or the primer layer formed as desired, and then heating and curing the applied coating layer resin composition. Is formed.
  • the resin composition for a coating layer comprises (a) a polyol, (b) an isocyanate, (c) a hydroxyl group and a (meth) acrylate copolymer containing 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom, and (d) a surface. It contains a roughening material and (e) an ion conductive material.
  • each of the components (a) to (e) of the resin composition for the coating layer will be described.
  • the polyol may be any of various polyols usually used in the preparation of polyurethane, and is preferably at least one polyol selected from polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyacrylate polyol and polycarbonate polyol. .
  • the polyether polyols include, for example, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol-ethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, copolymerized polyols of tetrahydrofuran and alkylene oxide, and various modified products thereof or these A mixture etc. are mentioned.
  • polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol-ethylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, copolymerized polyols of tetrahydrofuran and alkylene oxide, and various modified products thereof or these A mixture etc. are mentioned.
  • Polyester polyol has two or more ester bonds and two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
  • the polyester polyol include a condensation reaction product of a dicarboxylic acid and a polyol.
  • the dicarboxylic acid include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid.
  • Polyacrylate polyols include hydroxyl group-containing monomers and other olefinically unsaturated monomers such as esters of (meth) acrylic acid, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, vinyl esters, maleic acid monoalkyl esters and maleic acid dialkyl esters. , Fumaric acid monoalkyl esters and fumaric acid dialkyl esters, copolymers with ⁇ -olefins and other unsaturated oligomers and polymers.
  • Polycarbonate polyol has two or more carbonate bonds and two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
  • the polycarbonate polyol include a condensation reaction product of a polyol and a carbonate compound.
  • the carbonate compound include dialkyl carbonate, diaryl carbonate, alkylene carbonate and the like.
  • the polyol used as a raw material of the polycarbonate polyol include diols such as hexanediol and butanediol, triols such as 2,4-butanetriol, and the like.
  • the polyol preferably has a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 8,000, and more preferably has a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 5,000, from the viewpoint of excellent compatibility with isocyanate and the like described later.
  • the number average molecular weight is a molecular weight when converted into standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
  • the isocyanate may be any of various isocyanates usually used for preparing polyurethanes, and examples thereof include aliphatic isocyanates, aromatic isocyanates and derivatives thereof.
  • the isocyanate is preferably an aliphatic isocyanate because of its excellent storage stability and easy control of the reaction rate.
  • aromatic isocyanate examples include xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (also referred to as tolylene diisocyanate, TDI), 3,3′-vitrylene-4,4′-diisocyanate, 3,3 '-Dimethyldiphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate uretidinedione (dimer of 2,4-TDI), xylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), paraphenylene diisocyanate (PDI), Examples thereof include trisine diisocyanate (TODI) and metaphenylene diisocyanate.
  • TODI trisine diisocyanate
  • TODI metaphenylene diisocyanate
  • aliphatic isocyanate examples include hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI), orthotoluidine diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate methyl ester, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), norbornane diisocyanate methyl, transcyclohexane.
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • MDI 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • norbornane diisocyanate methyl transcyclohexane.
  • 1,4-diisocyanate and triphenylmethane-4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -triisocyanate examples include 1,4-diisocyanate and triphenylmethane-4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -triisocyanate.
  • a polynuclear polyisocyanate As the derivative, a polynuclear polyisocyanate, a urethane modified product (including a urethane prepolymer) modified with a polyol, a dimer by uretdione formation, an isocyanurate modified product, a carbodiimide modified product, a uretonimine modified product, an alohanate modified product, Examples include urea modified products and buret modified products.
  • the polyisocyanate may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the polyisocyanate preferably has a molecular weight of 500 to 2000, more preferably 700 to 1500.
  • the (b) isocyanate used in the resin composition for coating layer is preferably polyisocyanate.
  • the number of isocyanate groups in one molecule of isocyanate is preferably more than 2, more preferably 2.5 or more, still more preferably 3 or more.
  • the mixing ratio in the mixture of the polyol and the polyisocyanate is not particularly limited, but usually the molar ratio (NCO / OH) of the hydroxyl group (OH) contained in the polyol and the isocyanate group (NCO) contained in the polyisocyanate is 0. It is preferably from 0.7 to 1.15.
  • the molar ratio (NCO / OH) is more preferably 0.85 or more and 1.10 or less from the viewpoint that hydrolysis of polyurethane can be prevented. In practice, considering the working environment and working errors, the amount may be 3 to 4 times the appropriate molar ratio.
  • the resin composition for the coating layer may be used in combination with an auxiliary agent that is usually used in the reaction of (a) polyol and (b) isocyanate, such as a chain extender and a crosslinking agent.
  • auxiliary agent that is usually used in the reaction of (a) polyol and (b) isocyanate, such as a chain extender and a crosslinking agent.
  • chain extenders and crosslinking agents include glycols, hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, amines and the like.
  • the polymer (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as (c) (meth) acrylate copolymer) has at least a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom in the copolymer.
  • Such a copolymer is composed of at least a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate monomer (c-1) and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer (c-2).
  • the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate monomer (c-1) is represented by the following general formula (c-1).
  • Rf is a group represented by the following formula (1) or (2).
  • R 1 is H or a methyl group
  • R 2 is a divalent group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of the divalent group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms represented by R 2 include the following groups.
  • X is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and phenylene, biphenylene or naphthylene which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms.
  • Y represents —O—CO—, —CO—O—, —CONH— or NHCO—.
  • X is preferably 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene, particularly preferably 1,4-phenylene.
  • Particularly preferred divalent groups represented by R 2 and having 2 to 50 carbon atoms include divalent groups having the following structures.
  • the (meth) acrylate compound represented by the general formula (c-1) can be produced by a known method.
  • the hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer (c-2) is represented by the following general formula (c-2).
  • R 3 is H or a methyl group.
  • R 4 is a divalent group having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkylene oxide group having 2 to 20 repeating units.
  • examples of the divalent group represented by R 4 and having 2 to 50 carbon atoms include the divalent groups exemplified for R 2 .
  • the divalent group preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the alkylene oxide group having 2 to 20 repeating units represented by R 4 is more preferably a polyalkylene oxide group having an ethylene oxide group, a propylene oxide group or the like as a repeating unit.
  • the repeating unit of the alkylene oxide in the polyalkylene oxide group is preferably 2 to 20.
  • R 4 includes the following groups.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (c-2) can be produced by a known method, or can be obtained as a commercial product.
  • Commercially available products of the compound represented by the general formula (c-2) include BLEMMER AE-90 manufactured by NOF Corporation, BLEMMER AE-200 manufactured by NOF Corporation, BLEMMER AE-400 manufactured by NOF Corporation, NOF CORPORATION Blemmer AP-400, NOF Corporation Blemmer PE-90, NOF Corporation Blemmer PE-200, NOF Corporation Blemmer PE-350, NOF Corporation Bremmer PP-1000, NOF CORPORATION Blemmer 50PEP-300, NOF Corporation Bremmer 70PEP-350, NOF Corporation Bremmer 55PET-800, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) , Light ester HO-250), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., light ester HOA), 4-hydroxybutyl acryl
  • the (meth) acrylate copolymer containing (c) a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom is a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate monomer (c-1) and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate.
  • a (meth) acrylate (c-3) represented by the following general formula (c-3) can be used as a monomer forming a constituent unit of a copolymer.
  • R 5 is H or a methyl group.
  • R 6 is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.
  • n is an integer of 0 to 4.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 6 includes, for example, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a toluyl group, a xylyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthryl group, a biphenyl group, and the like. There may be mentioned up to 15 aromatic hydrocarbon groups.
  • the substituent of the substituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, methylenedioxy, chlorine atom, NO 2, CN, and the like NHCOCH 3.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon group may contain 1 to 3 substituents, preferably 1 to 2 substituents.
  • (meth) acrylate compound represented by the general formula (c-3) is benzyl methacrylate.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (c-3) can be produced by a known method or can be obtained as a commercial product.
  • Examples of commercially available products include Light Ester BZ (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Fancryl FA-BZM (Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.).
  • (meth) acrylate (c-4) represented by the following general formula (c-4) can also be used as a monomer forming the constitutional unit of the copolymer.
  • R 7 is H or a methyl group.
  • R 8 is H or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.
  • R 8 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.
  • the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have an ether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond or a cyclic structure.
  • R 8 includes a cyclic structure such as an alkyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a dicyclopentanyl group, a dicyclopentenyl group.
  • Particularly preferable R 8 includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having the following structure.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (c-4) can be produced by a known method, or can be obtained as a commercial product.
  • Commercially available products of the compound represented by the general formula (c-4) include BLEMMER CHMA manufactured by NOF Corporation, BLEMMER LMA manufactured by NOF Corporation, BLEMMER SMA manufactured by NOF CORPORATION, and NOF Corporation.
  • Blemmer VMA, NOF Corporation Blemmer CHA, NOF Corporation Blemmer LA, NOF Corporation Blemmer SA, NOF Corporation Blemmer VA, Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. FA-513AS, Hitachi FA-513M manufactured by Kasei Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
  • the content of the (meth) acrylate copolymer containing (c) a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom in the resin composition for the coating layer is (a) a polyol, (b) an isocyanate, It is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of (c) (meth) acrylate copolymer.
  • the coating layer 4 contains a surface roughness material.
  • the surface roughness material is particles that adjust the surface roughness of the coating layer 4.
  • the average particle diameter of the surface roughening material blended in the coating layer 4 is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. By blending such a surface roughness material in the coating layer 4, the surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface can be easily adjusted to an appropriate range. By adjusting the surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 1, the toner transportability is improved and more excellent printing characteristics are obtained.
  • the average particle diameter of the surface roughening material can be measured as a median diameter by using a particle size distribution measuring device using a laser light diffraction method.
  • the kind of the surface roughness material to be mixed in the coating layer 4 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected and used from known fillers (fillers).
  • fillers for example, it may be silica, spherical resin particles, metal oxide or the like.
  • the content of the surface roughness material in the coating layer resin composition is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, and preferably 1 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the coating layer resin composition. Is more preferable.
  • (E) Ionic Conductive Material examples include sodium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate, calcium perchlorate, lithium chloride, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, and potassium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide. Inorganic ionic conductive substances and the like.
  • the content of the ionic conductive material in the coating layer resin composition is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, and 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the coating layer resin composition. Is more preferable.
  • the coating layer 4 may further contain additives other than the above.
  • the coating layer 4 may further contain additives such as a silane coupling agent, a lubricant, a charge control agent, a polymerization catalyst, a dispersant, and a filler.
  • the coating layer 4 is obtained by applying the resin composition for a coating layer onto the elastic layer 3 and containing (a) a polyol component and (c) a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom by heating or the like (
  • the (meth) acrylate copolymer component and the (b) isocyanate component are polymerized and cured.
  • the solvent used for the coating liquid is preferably a solvent capable of dissolving the polyol component and the isocyanate component, and may be, for example, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or the like.
  • the thickness of the coating layer 4 is specifically preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of improving durable printing performance while satisfactorily suppressing filming.
  • the coating of the resin composition for the coating layer includes, for example, a coating method of applying a coating liquid of the resin composition for the coating layer, a dipping method of immersing an elastic layer or the like in the coating liquid, an elastic layer of the coating liquid, etc. It is carried out by a known coating method such as a spray coating method of spraying on.
  • the coating layer resin composition may be directly applied, or the coating layer resin composition may be applied to the coating layer resin composition such as alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, aromatic solvents such as xylene and toluene, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate. You may apply the coating liquid which added volatile solvents, such as ester solvent of this, or water.
  • the method for curing the coating layer resin composition thus coated may be any method capable of applying heat necessary for curing the coating layer resin composition, for example, a coating layer resin composition.
  • Examples of the method include a method of heating an elastic layer or the like coated with No. 2 with a heater, a method of leaving the elastic layer or the like coated with the resin composition under high humidity.
  • the heating temperature when heat-curing the resin composition for a coating layer is, for example, preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, particularly preferably 120 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower, and the heating time is 10 minutes or longer. It is preferably 120 minutes or less, and more preferably 30 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less.
  • the precursor forming the resin and the ionic conductive material may react to be integrated with each other, or may form a composite. Further, the ion conductive material may be dispersed in the resin without reacting with the precursor forming the resin.
  • the coating layer in the present invention is formed by heating and curing the resin composition for a coating layer, and the content of fluorine atoms in the resin composition for a coating layer is preferably less than 5% by mass. 0.1 mass% or more and 5 mass% or less is more preferable, 0.2 mass% or more and 4.5 mass% or less is still more preferable, and 0.2 mass% or more and 4 mass% or less is the most preferable. When it is 0.2% by mass or more, elemental fluorine is transferred to the surface of the coating layer, so that the oil repellency of the surface of the coating layer is improved and filming can be effectively prevented.
  • a large amount of a compound containing a fluorine atom for example, a fluorine-based surfactant or the like
  • the conductivity decreases, so the content of the conductive filler must be increased.
  • the resin becomes harder, so that the abrasion resistance of the coating layer is lowered, the durability printing performance is lowered, and the cost is increased.
  • the conductivity-imparting agent is an ion-conducting agent, it is compounded in a large amount, which causes problems of cost increase and bleeding.
  • the coating layer can be softened, the durability of the coating layer is improved, a developing roller excellent in durable printing performance Obtainable.
  • the coating layer includes (a) a polyol, (b) an isocyanate, (c) a hydroxyl group and a (meth) acrylate copolymer containing 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom, (d) a surface roughness material, And (e) the coating layer resin composition containing the ion conductive material can be formed by heating and curing. Since the coating layer produced by the resin composition for a coating layer in the present invention contains a (meth) acrylate copolymer containing a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom, the fluorine atom is a resin.
  • the coating layer of the present invention since fluorine atoms are present on the surface for a long period of time, the developer melted by the operation of the image forming apparatus hardly adheres to the coating layer and the amount of the developer fixed to the coating layer is significantly increased. It is possible to reduce the number and provide a high-quality image.
  • the fluorine atom on the surface of the coating layer of the developing roller of the present invention is 20 atom% or more and 60 atom% or less.
  • the “content of fluorine atoms on the surface of the coating layer” is a value measured by the measuring method described in Examples below.
  • the coating layer of the developing roller of the present invention has an arithmetic surface roughness Ra of 0.4 or more and 1.5.
  • the arithmetic surface roughness Ra is more preferably 0.6 or more and 1.3 or less.
  • the developer carrying force can be increased.
  • the arithmetic surface roughness Ra is 1.5 or less, the toner does not remain on the unevenness of the surface of the coating layer, and thus filming can be favorably prevented.
  • the arithmetic surface roughness Ra is a value obtained by extracting a part of the roughness curve measured by a roughness meter with a reference length and obtaining the unevenness state of the section by an average value.
  • the fluorine atom / carbon atom in the coating layer of the developing roller of the present invention is more than 0.4 and 1.0 or less.
  • the fluorine atom / carbon atom in the coating layer of the developing roller of the present invention is more preferably 0.6 or more and 0.9 or less.
  • the number of fluorine atoms / carbon atoms is more than 0.4, it has sufficient oil repellency to prevent the adhesion of the developer, so that the releasability of the developer can be improved and the filming can be performed. Can be satisfactorily prevented. Further, when the number of fluorine atoms / carbon atoms is 1.0 or less, the hardness of the coating layer is not too large, so that abrasion of the coating layer can be prevented and durability printing performance can be improved. .
  • the ratio of the number of fluorine atoms to the number of carbon atoms contained in the coating layer (fluorine atom / carbon atom) is the value measured by the measuring method described in the examples below.
  • the developing roller 1 of the present invention may include an intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer or a primer layer between the shaft body 2 and the elastic layer 3 and between the elastic layer 3 and the coating layer 4.
  • an intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer or a primer layer between the shaft body 2 and the elastic layer 3 and between the elastic layer 3 and the coating layer 4.
  • the electrical characteristics of the developing roller 1 are adjusted by adjusting the electrical characteristics thereof. Can be adjusted, whereby the developing performance of the developing roller 1 can be satisfactorily adjusted.
  • those usually used as a primer layer of a developing roller can be used.
  • a material whose resistance value becomes electrostatically conductive or an adhesive is added to an existing primer.
  • a metal-based primer having electrostatic conductivity the developing performance of the developing roller 1 can be favorably maintained.
  • the developing roller 1 of the present invention can be suitably used as a developer carrier in a developing device and an image forming apparatus.
  • the configuration of the image forming apparatus other than the developing roller 1 is not particularly limited. An example of a developing device and an image forming apparatus including the developing roller 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the image forming apparatus 10 includes a plurality of image carriers 11B, 11C, 11M, and 11Y provided in developing units B, C, M, and Y of respective colors (black, cyan, magenta, and yellow) in series on a transfer / conveying belt 6.
  • the developing units B, C, M and Y are arranged in series on the transfer / conveying belt 6.
  • the developing unit B includes an image carrier 11B such as a photoconductor (also referred to as a photosensitive drum), a charging unit 12B such as a charging roller, an exposure unit 13B, a developing device 20B, and an image carrier via the transfer / transport belt 6.
  • a transfer unit 14B which is in contact with the body 11B, for example, a transfer roller, and a cleaning unit 15B are provided.
  • the developing device 20B is an example of the developing device of the present invention, and includes the developing roller 1 of the present invention and a developer 22B as shown in FIG. Therefore, in the image forming apparatus 10, the developing roller 1 is mounted as the developer carrying members 23B, 23C, 23M and 23Y.
  • the developing device 20B includes a housing 21B containing a one-component non-magnetic developer 22B, a developer carrier 23B that supplies the developer 22B to the image carrier 11B, and a developer carrier 23B.
  • the toner supply roller 25B for supplying the developer 22B and the developer amount adjusting means 24B for adjusting the thickness of the developer 22B, for example, a blade are provided.
  • the developer amount adjusting means 24B is in contact with or in pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the developer carrier 23B, as shown in FIG. That is, the developing device 20B is a “contact type developing device”.
  • the developing units C, M, and Y are basically configured similarly to the developing unit B, and the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and the symbols C, M, or Y indicating the respective units, and description thereof will be omitted. .
  • the developer carrier 23B of the developing device 20B is arranged such that the surface thereof contacts or comes into pressure contact with the surface of the image carrier 11B.
  • the developing devices 20C, 20M and 20Y are arranged such that the surfaces of the developing agent carriers 23C, 23M and 23Y are in contact with or in pressure contact with the surfaces of the image carriers 11C, 11M and 11Y. . That is, the image forming apparatus 10 is a “contact type image forming apparatus”.
  • the fixing unit 30 is arranged on the downstream side of the developing unit Y.
  • the fixing unit 30 includes a fixing roller 31, an endless belt supporting roller 33 disposed in the vicinity of the fixing roller 31, a fixing roller 31, and an endless belt inside a housing 34 having an opening 35 through which the recording medium 16 passes.
  • An endless belt 36 wound around the support roller 33 and a pressure roller 32 arranged to face the fixing roller 31 are provided, and the fixing roller 31 and the pressure roller 32 are in contact with each other or pressed against each other via the endless belt 36.
  • the pressure heat fixing device is rotatably supported as described above.
  • a cassette 41 that houses the recording body 16 is installed.
  • the transfer / conveyance belt 6 is wound around a plurality of support rollers 42.
  • Each of the developers 22B, 22C, 22M and 22Y used in the image forming apparatus 10 may be a dry developer or a wet developer as long as the developer can be charged by friction, and a non-magnetic developer or a magnetic developer. It may be an agent.
  • a dry developer or a wet developer as long as the developer can be charged by friction
  • a non-magnetic developer or a magnetic developer It may be an agent.
  • one-component non-magnetic black developer 22B, cyan developer 22C, magenta developer 22M and yellow developer 22Y are contained. Each is stored.
  • the image forming apparatus 10 forms a color image on the recording body 16 as follows. First, in the developing unit B, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the image carrier 11B charged by the charging unit 12B by the exposure unit 13B, and a black electrostatic latent image is formed by the developer 22B supplied by the developer carrier 23B. The image is developed. Then, when the recording body 16 passes between the transfer means 14B and the image carrier 11B, a black electrostatic latent image is transferred onto the surface of the recording body 16. Then, similarly to the developing unit B, the cyan image, the magenta image, and the yellow image are superimposed on the recording medium 16 whose electrostatic latent image is visualized as a black image by the developing units C, M, and Y, respectively. The color image is visualized. Next, the recording body 16 on which the color image is visualized is fixed on the recording body 16 by the fixing means 30 as a permanent image. In this way, a color image can be formed on the recording body 16.
  • the developing device 20B is provided with the developing roller 1, which is excellent in developer transportability and can suppress the occurrence of toner filming, and can contribute to forming a high-density, high-quality image for a long time. Further, the image forming apparatus provided with the developing device 20B can form a high density and high quality image for a long period of time.
  • the developing device and the image forming apparatus of the present invention are not limited to those described above, and various modifications can be made within the range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved.
  • the image forming apparatus is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, but in the present invention, the image forming apparatus is not limited to the electrophotographic method and may be, for example, an electrostatic image forming apparatus. . Further, the image forming apparatus provided with the developing roller of the present invention is not limited to a tandem type color image forming apparatus in which a plurality of image carriers having developing units of respective colors are arranged in series on a transfer / conveying belt. A monochrome image forming apparatus having a single developing unit, a four-cycle type color image forming apparatus in which primary transfer of a developer image carried on an image carrier to an endless belt is sequentially repeated may be used.
  • the developer used in the image forming apparatus is a one-component non-magnetic developer, but in the present invention, it may be a one-component magnetic developer or a two-component non-magnetic developer. A two-component magnetic developer may also be used.
  • the image forming apparatus is a contact type image forming apparatus that is arranged in contact with or in pressure contact with an image carrier, a developer supply roller, a blade, and the like.
  • the image forming apparatus of the present invention may be a non-contact type image forming apparatus in which the surface of the developer carrying member is arranged with a gap so as not to contact the surface of the image carrying member.
  • Example 1 (Formation of primer layer) A shaft body (SUM22, diameter 10 mm, length 275 mm) that has been subjected to electroless nickel plating is washed with ethanol, and a silicone-based primer (trade name “Primer No. 16”, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) on the surface of the shaft body. ) was applied. The shaft treated with the primer was baked at a temperature of 150 ° C. for 10 minutes using a gear oven and then cooled at room temperature for 30 minutes or more to form a primer layer on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.
  • a silicone-based primer trade name “Primer No. 16”, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • a silicone rubber composition for forming the elastic layer was prepared as follows. That is, 100 parts by mass of dimethylpolysiloxane having both ends blocked with dimethylvinylsiloxy groups (polymerization degree of 300), and hydrophobized fumed silica having a BET specific surface area of 110 m 2 / g (trade name: “R-972” ”, Manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), 40 parts by mass of diatomaceous earth (trade name“ Oplite W-3005S ”, manufactured by Chuo Silica Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m and a bulk density of 0.25 g / cm 3.
  • the prepared addition-curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition was injection-molded using a mold, and an elastic body made of a rubber material was molded on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body.
  • the addition curable liquid conductive silicone rubber composition was heated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes to be cured, and secondary vulcanization was performed at 200 ° C. for 4 hours to form an elastic layer having an outer diameter of 16 mm.
  • a resin composition for forming the coating layer was prepared as follows.
  • Table 1 shows the contents (parts by mass) of the united material, (d) surface roughness material, and (e) ion conductive material.
  • composition for coating layer- (A) Acrylic polyol (UH-2041 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by mass (b) Isocyanate (hexamethylene diisocyanate) 25 parts by mass (c) Containing a hydroxyl group and 1 to 10% by mass of fluorine atoms.
  • the resin composition for a coating layer was applied to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer by a spray coating method and heated at 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a coating layer having a layer thickness of 7 ⁇ m. In this way, a developing roller provided with the shaft body, the elastic layer and the coating layer was manufactured.
  • Example 2 (C) Example 1 except that the amount of the (meth) acrylate copolymer containing the hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of the fluorine atom was changed to 0.25% by mass and the amount of silica was changed to 1.5 parts by mass. Similarly, a resin composition for a coating layer was prepared to form a coating layer.
  • Example 3 Similar to Example 1 except that the amount of the (meth) acrylate copolymer containing a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom was changed to 1 part by mass and the amount of silica was changed to 4 parts by mass.
  • a resin composition for a coating layer was prepared to form a coating layer.
  • Example 4 A resin composition for a coating layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 16 parts by mass of the acrylic polyol was added, and 4 parts by mass of the acrylic copolymer fluororesin “Defencer TR-101” was added. Formed.
  • Example 2 Example 1 except that the (c) hydroxyl group and the (meth) acrylate copolymer containing 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom in Example 4 were not added and silica was changed to 5 parts by mass.
  • a resin composition for a coating layer was prepared in the same manner as above to form a coating layer.
  • Example 3 A resin composition for a coating layer as in Example 1, except that 5 parts by mass of (c) a (meth) acrylate copolymer containing a hydroxyl group and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of a fluorine atom was used. Was prepared and a coating layer was formed.
  • an image forming apparatus C610dn2 (model number, manufactured by Oki Data Co., Ltd.) was prepared, and the developing roller of this image forming apparatus was replaced with the developing roller of each Example and each comparative example to obtain an image forming apparatus.
  • the obtained image forming apparatus was evaluated for filming, print density, and image uniformity by the following methods, and the results are shown in Table 1.
  • the resin composition for the coating layer is cut out, 0.01 g is burned and absorbed by a sample combustion device AQF-2100H (Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.), and the absorption liquid is analyzed by an ion chromatograph (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), The content of fluorine was determined.
  • a solid image is printed under the conditions of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55% RH, a temperature of 30 ° C. and a humidity of 80% RH, and a temperature of 10 ° C. and a humidity of 20% RH.
  • the print density of a solid image was measured using a 508 spectral densitometer.
  • Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
  • the developing roller having the coating layer of the present invention is excellent in filming, print density, and image uniformity.

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Abstract

Un rouleau de développement (1) comprend : une couche élastique (3) formée sur la surface périphérique externe d'un corps d'arbre (2) ; et une couche de revêtement (4) formée sur la surface périphérique externe de la couche élastique (3), les atomes de fluor représentant 20-60 % atomiques de la surface de la couche de revêtement (4), et la rugosité moyenne arithmétique Ra de la surface étant de 0,4 à 1,5.
PCT/JP2019/040516 2018-10-12 2019-10-15 Rouleau de développement, dispositif de développement et dispositif de formation d'image WO2020075871A1 (fr)

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