WO2020074011A1 - 推草机 - Google Patents

推草机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020074011A1
WO2020074011A1 PCT/CN2019/111715 CN2019111715W WO2020074011A1 WO 2020074011 A1 WO2020074011 A1 WO 2020074011A1 CN 2019111715 W CN2019111715 W CN 2019111715W WO 2020074011 A1 WO2020074011 A1 WO 2020074011A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
self
propelled
propelled motor
motor
lawnmower
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/111715
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董建华
焦万春
泰列·亚历山大
拉姆·史蒂芬
Original Assignee
常州格力博有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 常州格力博有限公司 filed Critical 常州格力博有限公司
Priority to EP19870559.2A priority Critical patent/EP3864950A4/en
Priority to US17/283,248 priority patent/US20210337727A1/en
Publication of WO2020074011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020074011A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/76—Driving mechanisms for the cutters
    • A01D34/78—Driving mechanisms for the cutters electric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/67—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator
    • A01D34/68—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator with motor driven cutters or wheels
    • A01D34/69—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator with motor driven cutters or wheels with motor driven wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/67—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator
    • A01D34/68—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator with motor driven cutters or wheels
    • A01D34/6806—Driving mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/006—Control or measuring arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/006—Control or measuring arrangements
    • A01D34/008—Control or measuring arrangements for automated or remotely controlled operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/67—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator
    • A01D34/68—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator with motor driven cutters or wheels
    • A01D34/6806—Driving mechanisms
    • A01D34/6818—Motor starting mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/67—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator
    • A01D34/68—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis hand-guided by a walking operator with motor driven cutters or wheels
    • A01D2034/6843—Control levers on the handle of the mower
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D2101/00—Lawn-mowers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of garden machinery, in particular to a grass pusher.
  • the grass pusher is a common garden tool.
  • the traditional self-propelled grass pusher drives the front wheel or the rear wheel through the reducer to realize the self-propelled function.
  • the speed will decrease or even stop.
  • the reason for this phenomenon is that the load becomes larger during the climbing process, and the power of the self-propelled motor cannot reach the load. Claim. If only the power of the self-propelled motor of the self-propelled lawnmower is increased, when the self-propelled lawnmower is operated on flat ground, the power of the self-propelled motor will be lower, and the motor will not reach the maximum efficiency ratio, resulting in energy loss. Large, causing waste.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a lawnmower with good energy saving effect and convenient operation.
  • the present invention provides a lawnmower including a casing, a push rod connected to the casing, a walking wheel for supporting the lawnmower, and a self-propelled driving wheel for driving the walking wheel Self-propelled motor and a control electric board for controlling the start-up and shutdown of the self-propelled motor.
  • the walking wheel includes a pair of front walking wheels and a pair of rear walking wheels.
  • the self-propelled motor includes a first self-propelled motor and A second self-propelled motor
  • the lawnmower further includes a first control element and a second control element
  • the first control element is used to control the control electric board to start or turn off the first self-propelled motor
  • the The second control element is used to control the control electric board to start or turn off the second self-propelled motor.
  • the push rod is U-shaped, and includes a first handle and a second handle extending rearward and upward along the rear of the housing, and a first handle connecting the first handle and the second handle Three handles, the third handle is located on the top of the push rod.
  • the first control element is a self-propelled pull rod provided near the third handle, when the self-propelled pull rod is pulled to make the self-propelled pull rod fit the third handle, The first self-propelled motor is started; the self-propelled pull rod is released, the self-propelled pull rod is restored to the initial position, and the first self-propelled motor is turned off.
  • the second control element is a push button provided near the top of the push rod, the push button is connected to the control electric board, and the push button is pushed to control the control electric board Turn on or turn off the second self-propelled motor.
  • a self-propelled switch box is provided on the push rod, and the push button is provided on the self-propelled switch box.
  • the second control element is provided on the control board to detect the power of the first self-propelled motor and compare it with a set value, when the first self-propelled motor When the power is higher than the upper limit of the set value, the control board controls the second self-propelled motor to start, and when the power of the first self-propelled motor is lower than the lower limit of the set value, the control board Controlling the second self-propelled motor to be turned off.
  • the upper limit of the set value is 300-350W, and the lower limit of the set value is 200-250W.
  • the power of the first self-propelled motor is calculated by the second control element detecting the current of the first self-propelled motor.
  • the second control element is an angular velocity sensor provided on the axle of the walking wheel, and the angular velocity sensor is used to transmit the current angular velocity information of the walking wheel to the control board,
  • the control board activates or deactivates the second self-propelled motor according to the received angular velocity information.
  • the control board calculates the current walking speed of the lawnmower based on the received angular velocity information and compares it with the set value. When the current walking speed of the lawnmower is lower than When the lower limit of the set value is reached, the control board controls the second self-propelled motor to start. When the current walking speed of the lawnmower is higher than the upper limit of the set value, the control board controls the first 2. The self-propelled motor is turned off.
  • the upper limit of the set value is 1.4-2m / s
  • the lower limit of the set value is 0-1m / s.
  • the upper limit of the set value is 1.5 m / s
  • the lower limit of the set value is 0.5 m / s.
  • the lawnmower further includes a first reduction mechanism connected to the first self-propelled motor and a second reduction mechanism connected to the second self-propelled motor, the first reduction mechanism And the second reduction mechanism are equipped with clutches.
  • control electric board is a PCB board
  • first self-propelled motor and the second self-propelled motor are electrically connected to the PCB board, respectively.
  • the lawnmower further includes a power supply assembly provided on the housing, and the first self-propelled motor and the second self-propelled motor are powered by the power supply assembly.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the lawnmower of the present invention controls the control electric board to start or shut down the first self-propelled motor by setting a first control element, and at the same time sets a second control element to control the control electric board to start or Turn off the second self-propelled motor, so that when a single self-propelled motor drive can meet the work requirements, only the first self-propelled motor works; when a single self-propelled motor drive cannot meet the work requirements, the second self-propelled motor starts to work, achieving four Wheel drive; separate control of the first self-propelled motor and the second self-propelled motor, not only has energy saving effect, but also is convenient for operation, maintenance and repair.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the lawnmower of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-propelled switch box and push button in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the working principle of the lawnmower shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic view of a second embodiment of the lawnmower of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the working principle of the lawnmower shown in FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the lawnmower of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the front running wheel in FIG. 6 provided with an angular velocity sensor.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the working principle of the lawnmower shown in FIG. 6.
  • the present invention discloses a self-propelled lawnmower 100.
  • the lawnmower 100 includes a casing 1, a push rod 2 connected to the casing 1, a walking wheel for supporting the lawnmower 100, a self-propelled motor for driving the walking wheel to self-propelled, A control electric board 5 for controlling the starting and closing of the self-propelled motor and a cover (not shown) assembled and matched with the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a blade and a motor for driving the blade to rotate, and the blade and the motor are combined to form a power assembly 11.
  • the blade is provided at the bottom of the casing 1 and can be rotated along a rotation axis perpendicular to the ground to cut the grass on the ground.
  • the housing 1 is also provided with a power supply assembly (not shown). The power supply assembly is used to provide power to the lawnmower 100 to ensure the effective mowing.
  • the push rod 2 is U-shaped, and includes a first handle 21 and a second handle 22 extending rearward and upward along the rear of the housing 1 and a third handle connecting the first handle 21 and the second handle 22 A handle 23, the third handle 23 is located on the top of the push rod 2, so that the operator can stand behind the push rod 2 and grasp the third handle 23 of the push rod 2 to operate.
  • the first handle 21, the second handle 22, and the third handle 23 may be integrally formed, or may be assembled and connected, as long as it is convenient to operate the lawnmower 100, which is not limited herein.
  • Each of the first handle 21 and the second handle 22 is provided with a folding structure 24, which is used to adjust the angle of the push rod 2 so as to facilitate folding and placement of the lawnmower 100.
  • the casing 1 is also provided with a height adjustment assembly 12 for adjusting the height between the casing 1 and the ground, thereby adjusting the cutting height.
  • the second handle 22 is provided with a main knife switch box 25 at a position close to the third handle 23, and the main knife switch box 25 is provided with a start switch (not shown), a start button 26 and a return spring (not shown) ,
  • the start switch is connected to the motor and used to start the motor.
  • the lawnmower 100 further includes a main knife switch lever 27 disposed near the third handle 23, and the main knife switch lever 27 is disposed above the main knife switch box 25 and connected to the start switch.
  • the walking wheels include a pair of front walking wheels 31 and a pair of rear walking wheels 32;
  • the self-propelled motor includes a first self-propelled motor 41 that drives the front walking wheels 31 to self-propelled, and the rear walking wheels 32 are self-propelled
  • a second self-propelled motor 42, the first self-propelled motor 41 and the second self-propelled motor 42 are powered by the power supply assembly, and the first self-propelled motor 41 and the second self-propelled motor 42 are
  • the control board 5 is electrically connected.
  • control electric board 5 is a PCB board, and the first self-propelled motor 41 and the second self-propelled motor 42 are electrically connected to the PCB board respectively, so that the PCB board controls the first self-propelled motor
  • the motor 41 is turned on and off, and the second self-propelled motor 42 is turned on and off.
  • the first self-propelled motor 41 is used to drive the front walking wheel 31 to self-propelled
  • the second self-propelled motor 42 is used to drive the rear walking wheel 32 to self-propelled; of course, the The first self-propelled motor 41 can also be used to drive the rear walking wheel 32 to self-propelled.
  • the second self-propelled motor 42 is used to drive the front walking wheel 31 to self-propelled, which is not limited herein.
  • the lawnmower 100 further includes a first reduction mechanism 43 connected to the first self-propelled motor 41 and a second reduction mechanism 44 connected to the second self-propelled motor 42, the first reduction mechanism 43 and The second reduction mechanism 44 is provided with clutches (not shown).
  • the clutch of the first reduction mechanism 43 is used to prevent the output shaft of the first reduction mechanism 43 from being in front when the first self-propelled motor 41 is not in operation.
  • the wheel axle of the walking wheel 31 is in contact, and the clutch of the second reduction mechanism 44 is used to prevent the output shaft of the second reduction mechanism 44 from contacting the wheel axle of the rear running wheel 32 when the second self-propelled motor 42 is not in operation.
  • the first self-propelled motor 41 and / or the second self-propelled motor 42 are in the off state, even if the lawnmower 100 is in the self-propelled state, the first self-propelled motor 41 and / or the second self-propelled motor 42 are also It will not be driven in reverse by the front running wheel 31 and the rear running wheel 32.
  • the clutch is the prior art, and the specific structure and power principle of the clutch can be referred to the patent CN201721623687.X, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the first reduction mechanism 43 is disposed near the first self-propelled motor 41, and both are disposed near the front traveling wheel 31; the second reduction mechanism 44 is disposed near the second self-propelled motor 42, and both are nearby
  • the rear walking wheel 32 is set; in this way, it is convenient to control the electric board 5 to control the corresponding first self-propelled motor 41 and second self-propelled motor 42 to start or shut down, and then use the corresponding first reduction mechanism 43 to drive the corresponding front travel
  • the wheels 31 are self-propelled, and the corresponding second speed-reduction mechanism 44 is used to drive the corresponding rear travel wheels 32 to self-propelled.
  • the lawnmower 100 further includes a first control element and a second control element.
  • the first control element is connected to the control electric board 5 for controlling the control electric board 5 to start or shut down the first Walking motor 41; the second control element is used to control the control board 5 to start or turn off the second self-propelled motor 42.
  • the first control element is a self-propelled pull rod 6 provided near the top of the push rod 2, and the self-propelled pull rod 6 is provided near the third handle 23;
  • the first self-propelled motor 41 is activated; when the self-propelled pull rod 6 is released, the self-propelled pull rod 6 returns to the initial position, and the first A self-propelled motor 41 is turned off.
  • the main knife switch pull rod 27 is provided on one side of the third handle 23, and the self-propelled pull rod 6 is provided on the other side of the third handle 23, so that when the lawnmower 100 is started, The main knife switch pull rod 27 and the self-propelled pull rod 6 can be pulled to fit the third handle 23 at the same time, which is convenient for the operator to grasp.
  • Embodiment 1 Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3, which is the first embodiment of the lawnmower 100 of the present invention.
  • the second control element is a push button 7 disposed near the top of the push rod 2, the push button 7 is connected to the control electric board 5, and the push button 7 is pushed back and forth to control
  • the control board 5 activates or deactivates the second self-propelled motor 42.
  • the first handle 21 is provided with a self-propelled switch box 28, and the push button 7 is provided on the self-propelled switch box 28.
  • the control board 5 will control the second self-propelled motor 42 to turn on the power, thereby controlling the second self-propelled motor 42 to start;
  • backward (Or forward) when the push button 7 is toggled the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to turn off the power, thereby controlling the second self-propelled motor 42 to be turned off.
  • the self-propelled pull rod 6 When the lawnmower 100 of this embodiment is walking, the self-propelled pull rod 6 is pulled to make the self-propelled pull rod 6 fit with the third handle 23. At this time, the first self-propelled motor 41 is started and driven by the first reduction mechanism 43 The front traveling wheel 31 is self-propelled, and the second self-propelled motor 42 is in a standby state. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the premise that the second self-propelled motor 42 can be turned on is that the first self-propelled motor 41 is in a starting state. That is, when the first self-propelled motor 41 is stopped, even if the push button 7 is in the on state, the second self-propelled motor 42 will not be turned on. Of course, in other embodiments, the control between the first self-propelled motor 41 and the second self-propelled motor 42 may be independent of each other.
  • the push button 7 is used to enable the second self-propelled motor 42 to start and drive the rear walking wheel 32 to self-walk through the second reduction mechanism 44 to realize four-wheel drive; otherwise, when the flat ground resistance is not large or downhill, the push button 7 can be used Turning off the second self-propelled motor 42 effectively saves energy and makes the lawnmower 100 last longer.
  • the operator can turn off (ie release) the self-propelled pull rod 6 to make The first self-propelled motor 41 is turned off to further save electric energy.
  • Embodiment 2 Please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5, which is a second embodiment of the lawnmower 100 of the present invention.
  • the second control element is a detection module (not shown), which is provided on the control board 5 and used to detect the power of the first self-propelled motor 41 and The set values are compared to determine whether the second self-propelled motor 42 needs to be turned on or off.
  • the power of the first self-propelled motor 41 can be calculated by the detection module detecting the current of the first self-propelled motor 41, and The detection module transmits the calculated power of the first self-propelled motor 41 to the control board 5, so that the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to start or shut down according to the received power of the first self-propelled motor 41.
  • the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to start, when the first self-propelled motor 41 When the power is lower than the lower limit of the set value, the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to be turned off.
  • the upper limit of the set value is 300-350W, preferably 320W; the lower limit of the set value is 200-250W, preferably 240W.
  • the lawnmower 100 ′ of this embodiment pulls the self-propelled pull rod 6 when walking, so that the self-propelled pull rod 6 fits with the third handle 23.
  • the first self-propelled motor 41 starts and passes through the first deceleration mechanism 43
  • the front traveling wheel 31 is driven to drive autonomously, and the second autonomous motor 42 is in a standby state.
  • the walking load of the lawnmower 100 When encountering thick grass and a relatively large climbing resistance, the walking load of the lawnmower 100 'is large. If the detection module detects that the power of the first self-propelled motor 41 is large and exceeds the upper limit of the set value, The second self-propelled motor 42 is started and the rear travel wheel 32 is driven by the second reduction mechanism 44 to realize self-propelled four-wheel drive, and then the operating power of the first self-propelled motor 41 is reduced to avoid overloading the first self-propelled motor 41.
  • the detection module detects that the power of the first self-propelled motor 41 is lower and lower than the setting At the lower limit of the value, the second self-propelled motor 42 is turned off, so that the efficiency of the first self-propelled motor 41 is in a better state; of course, if the self-propelled speed of the lawnmower 100 'is still too high at this time, the operator can turn off (That is, loosen) the self-propelled pull rod 6 turns off the first self-propelled motor 41, saves electric energy, and makes the lawn mower 100 'last longer.
  • Embodiment 3 Please refer to FIGS. 6 to 8, which is a third embodiment of the lawnmower 100 of the present invention.
  • the second control element is an angular velocity sensor 7 'provided on the axle of the front running wheel 31 or the rear running wheel 32.
  • the angular velocity sensor 7' is used to The angular velocity information is transmitted to the control board 5, and the control board 5 determines whether the second self-propelled motor 42 needs to be turned on or off based on the received angular velocity information.
  • the control board 5 can calculate the current walking speed of the lawnmower 100 "based on the angular velocity information of the walking wheel, and compare it with the set value: when the grass is pushed
  • the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to start, when the current walking speed of the lawnmower 100" is higher than the set value
  • the upper limit of the control board 5 controls the second self-propelled motor 42 to turn off.
  • the upper limit of the set value is 1.4-2m / s, preferably 1.5m / s; the lower limit of the set value is 0-1m / s, preferably 0.5m / s.
  • the grass pusher 100 "of this embodiment pulls the self-propelled pull rod 6 when walking, so that the self-propelled pull rod 6 is fitted to the third handle 23.
  • the first self-propelled motor 41 starts and passes through the first deceleration mechanism 43
  • the front traveling wheel 31 is driven to drive autonomously, and the second autonomous motor 42 is in a standby state.
  • the walking speed of the lawnmower 100 is between the upper and lower limits of the set value, and only the first self-propelled motor 41 is used to drive the two front
  • the walking wheel 31 is self-propelled to meet the work requirements.
  • the walking speed of the grass pusher 100 decreases, if the control board 5 calculates that the walking speed of the grass pusher 100" decreases and is below the lower limit of the set value , Start the second self-propelled motor 42 and drive the rear walking wheels 32 to self-walk through the second reduction mechanism 44 to realize four-wheel drive, and then the walking speed of the lawnmower 100 "is at a normal level.
  • the self-propelled speed of the lawnmower 100 is accelerated due to the small resistance. If the control board 5 calculates that the walking speed of the lawnmower 100 "is faster and higher than the setting At the upper limit of the fixed value, the second self-propelled motor 42 is turned off, so that the walking speed of the lawnmower 100 "is at a normal level; of course, if the self-propelled speed of the lawnmower 100" is still too high at this time, the operator can turn off ( That is, the self-propelled pull rod 6 turns off the first self-propelled motor 41 to save electric energy and make the lawn mower 100 "last longer.
  • the housing and the housing 1 are snap-fitted to cover the housing 1, the power assembly 11, the first self-propelled motor 41, the second self-propelled motor 42, the control board 5 and other structures
  • the first self-propelled motor 41, the second self-propelled motor 42 and the control board 5 caused by dust, water stains, etc., to ensure that the lawnmower 100, 100 ', 100 "can be safe , Stable work, extended the life of the lawn mower 100, 100 ', 100 ".
  • the lawnmower 100, 100 ', 100 "of the present invention controls the startup or shutdown of the first self-propelled motor 41 by setting a first control element, and at the same time sets a second control element to control the second self-propelled motor 42 is started or turned off, so that when a single self-propelled motor drive can meet the working requirements, it can control only the first self-propelled motor 41 to achieve two-wheel drive; when a single self-propelled motor drive cannot meet the work requirements, it can control the first
  • the second self-propelled motor 42 starts to work and realizes four-wheel drive; the first self-propelled motor 41 and the second self-propelled motor 42 are controlled separately, which not only has energy saving effect, but also is convenient for operation, maintenance and maintenance.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
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Abstract

一种推草机，包括壳体（1）、用于支撑推草机（100）的行走轮、用于驱动行走轮自走的自走电机以及用于控制自走电机启动与关闭的控制电板（5）。所述行走轮包括一对前行走轮（31）和一对后行走轮（32），所述自走电机包括第一自走电机（41）和第二自走电机（42）。推草机还包括第一控制元件和第二控制元件，所述第一控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第一自走电机，所述第二控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。该推草机可根据需要选择两轮驱动或四轮驱动，操作维护方便。

Description

推草机
本申请要求了申请日为2018年10月9日，申请号为201811172312.5，发明名称为“推草机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及园林机械领域，尤其涉及一种推草机。
背景技术
推草机是一种常见的园林工具，传统的自走推草机是通过减速器驱动前轮或者后轮来实现自走功能。自走推草机在割草过程中遇到爬坡时会出现速度降低甚至停止不前的现象，出现这样的现象的原因是爬坡过程中负载变大，自走电机功率达不到负载的要求。若仅增加自走推草机的自走电机的功率，那么当自走推草机在平地上运行时，会造成自走电机的功率较低，无法使电机达到最大效率比，造成能量损失过大，造成浪费。
有鉴于此，有必要设计一种改进的推草机，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种节能效果佳、操作方便的推草机。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种推草机，包括壳体、与所述壳体相连的推杆、用于支撑所述推草机的行走轮、用于驱动所述行走轮自走的自走电机以及用于控制所述自走电机启动与关闭的控制电板，所述行走轮包括一对前行走轮和一对后行走轮，所述自走电机包括第一自走电机和第二自走电机，所述推草机还包括第一控制元件和第二控制元件，所述第一控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第一自走电机，所述第二控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述推杆呈U型设置，并包括沿所述壳体后部向后上方延伸的第一手柄和第二手柄以及连接所述第一手柄和第二手柄的第三手柄，所述第三手柄位于所述推杆的顶部。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一控制元件为靠近所述第三手柄设置的自走拉杆，拉动所述自走拉杆，使所述自走拉杆与所述第三手柄相贴合时，所述第一自走电机启动；松开所述自走拉杆，所述自走拉杆恢复至初始位置，所述第一自走电机关闭。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二控制元件为靠近所述推杆顶部设置的推钮，所述推钮与所述控制电板相连，推动所述推钮，以控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述推杆上设置有自走开关盒，所述推钮设置在所述自走开关盒上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二控制元件设置在所述控制电板上，用于检测所述第一自走电机的功率并与设定值进行比较，当所述第一自走电机的功率高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机启动，当所述第一自走电机的功率低于设定值的下限时， 所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机关闭。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述设定值的上限为300-350W，所述设定值的下限为200-250W。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一自走电机的功率由所述第二控制元件检测所述第一自走电机的电流计算获得。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二控制元件为设置在所述行走轮的轮轴上的角速度传感器，所述角速度传感器用于将所述行走轮当前的角速度信息传递给所述控制电板，所述控制电板根据接收到的角速度信息启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述控制电板根据接收到的角速度信息计算出所述推草机当前的行走速度，并与设定值进行比较，当所述推草机当前的行走速度低于设定值的下限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机启动，当所述推草机当前的行走速度高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机关闭。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述设定值的上限为1.4-2m/s，所述设定值的下限为0-1m/s。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述设定值的上限为1.5m/s，所述设定值的下限为0.5m/s。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述推草机还包括与所述第一自走电机相连的第一减速机构和与所述第二自走电机相连的第二减速机构，所述第一减速机构和第二减速机构内均设有离合器。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述控制电板为PCB板，所述第一自走电机和第二自走电机分别与所述PCB板电连接。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述推草机还包括设置在所述壳体上的电源组件，所述第一自走电机和第二自走电机由所述电源组件供电。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的推草机通过设置第一控制元件来控制所述控制电板启动或关闭第一自走电机，同时设置第二控制元件来控制所述控制电板启动或关闭第二自走电机，从而当单个自走电机驱动能满足工作需求时，仅第一自走电机工作；当单个自走电机驱动不能满足工作需求时，第二自走电机开始工作，实现四轮驱动；将第一自走电机和第二自走电机分开单独控制，不仅具有节能效果，而且操作、维修维护均方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明推草机的第一实施例立体示意图。
图2是图1中自走开关盒和推钮的结构示意图。
图3是图1所示推草机的工作原理电路图。
图4是本发明推草机的第二实施例立体示意图。
图5是图4所示推草机的工作原理电路图。
图6是本发明推草机的第三实施例立体示意图。
图7是图6中设置有角速度传感器的前行走轮的结构示意图。
图8是图6所示推草机的工作原理电路图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
请参阅图1所示，本发明揭示了一种自走驱动的推草机100。所述推草机100包括壳体1、与所述壳体1相连的推杆2、用于支撑所述推草机100的行走轮、用于驱动所述行走轮自走的自走电机、用于控制所述自走电机启动与关闭的控制电板5以及与所述壳体1组装配合的罩壳(未图示)。
所述壳体1内设置有刀片和用于驱动所述刀片旋转的电机，所述刀片与所述电机组合形成动力组件11。所述刀片设置在所述壳体1的底部，并可沿垂直于地面的旋转轴旋转，以对地面的青草进行切割。所述壳体1上还设置有电源组件(未图示)，所述电源组件用于为所述推草机100提供电源，保证割草工作有效进行。
所述推杆2呈U型设置，并包括沿所述壳体1后部向后上方延伸的第一手柄21和第二手柄22以及连接所述第一手柄21和第二手柄22的第三手柄23，所述第三手柄23位于所述推杆2的顶部，从而操作者可以站在推杆2的后方，抓握推杆2的第三手柄23进行操作。所述第一手柄21、第二手柄22及第三手柄23可以一体成型设置，也可以装配连接组成，只要方便对推草机100进行操作即可，于此不予限制。
所述第一手柄21和第二手柄22上均设置有折叠结构24，所述折叠结构24用于对推杆2的角度进行调整，从而便于推草机100的折叠放置。所述壳体1上还设有调高组件12，所述调高组件12用于调整所述壳体1与地面之间的高度，从而调整切割高度。
所述第二手柄22的靠近第三手柄23的位置处设置有主刀开关盒25，所述主刀开关盒25内设置有启动开关(未图示)、启动按钮26及复位弹簧(未图示)，所述启动开关与所述电机相连，用于启动所述电机。所述推草机100还包括靠近所述第三手柄23设置的主刀开关拉杆27，所述主刀开关拉杆27设于所述主刀开关盒25的上方并与所述启动开关相连。
当要启动所述推草机100的刀片时，首先按下所述启动按钮26，然后拉动所述主刀开关拉杆27，使所述主刀开关拉杆27与所述第三手柄23相贴合，此时所述主刀开关拉杆27拉动所述启动开关，使所述电机启动并驱动所述刀片旋转，进行切割工作；当切割工作完成后，松开所述主刀开关拉杆27，所述主刀开关拉杆27在复位弹簧的作用下恢复至初始位置，此时启动开关关闭、刀片停止旋转。
本发明的推草机100在启动时，需要先按下启动按钮26，然后再拉动主刀开关拉杆27，利用该两次动作，可防止在无意间触碰到启动按钮26而发生误启动，安全系数较高。
所述行走轮包括一对前行走轮31和一对后行走轮32；所述自走电机包括驱动所述前行走轮31自走的第一自走电机41和驱动所述后行走轮32自走的第二自走电机42，所述第一自走电机41和第二自走电机42由所述电源组件供电，且所述第一自走电机41和第二自走 电机42分别与所述控制电板5电性连接。本发明中，所述控制电板5为PCB板，所述第一自走电机41和第二自走电机42分别与所述PCB板电连接，以便由所述PCB板控制所述第一自走电机41的启动和关闭、第二自走电机42的启动和关闭。
需要说明的是：本实施例中，第一自走电机41用于驱动所述前行走轮31自走，第二自走电机42用于驱动所述后行走轮32自走；当然，所述第一自走电机41也可用于驱动所述后行走轮32自走，此时所述第二自走电机42用于驱动所述前行走轮31自走，于此不予限制。
所述推草机100还包括与所述第一自走电机41相连的第一减速机构43和与所述第二自走电机42相连的第二减速机构44，所述第一减速机构43和第二减速机构44内均设有离合器(未图示)，所述第一减速机构43的离合器用于在第一自走电机41不工作时，使第一减速机构43的输出轴不与前行走轮31的轮轴接触，所述第二减速机构44的离合器用于在第二自走电机42不工作时，使第二减速机构44的输出轴不与后行走轮32的轮轴接触，从而当第一自走电机41和/或第二自走电机42处于关闭状态时，即使所述推草机100处于自走状态，所述第一自走电机41和/或第二自走电机42也不会被所述前行走轮31和后行走轮32反向驱动。所述离合器为现有技术，且所述离合器的具体结构和动力原理可参CN201721623687.X号专利，于此不再详细说明。
本发明中，所述第一减速机构43靠近第一自走电机41设置，且均靠近所述前行走轮31设置；所述第二减速机构44靠近第二自走电机42设置，且均靠近所述后行走轮32设置；如此设置，便于控制电板5控制对应的第一自走电机41和第二自走电机42启动或关闭，继而利用对应的第一减速机构43驱动对应的前行走轮31自走、利用对应的第二减速机构44驱动对应的后行走轮32自走。
所述推草机100还包括第一控制元件和第二控制元件，所述第一控制元件与所述控制电板5相连，用于控制所述控制电板5启动或关闭所述第一自走电机41；所述第二控制元件用于控制所述控制电板5启动或关闭所述第二自走电机42。
具体来讲，所述第一控制元件为靠近所述推杆2顶部设置的自走拉杆6，所述自走拉杆6靠近所述第三手柄23设置；拉动所述自走拉杆6，使所述自走拉杆6与所述第三手柄23相贴合时，所述第一自走电机41启动；松开所述自走拉杆6，所述自走拉杆6恢复至初始位置，所述第一自走电机41关闭。当然，为了增加安全性，也可在除拉动自走拉杆6之外增加额外的动作，来实现第一自走电机41的启动和关闭，也是可以预料的。
所述主刀开关拉杆27设置在所述第三手柄23的一侧、所述自走拉杆6设置在所述第三手柄23的另一侧，如此设置，在启动所述推草机100时，可同时将所述主刀开关拉杆27和自走拉杆6拉动至与第三手柄23相贴合，便于操作者抓握。
所述第二控制元件控制所述第二自走电机42启动或关闭的方式有多种，以下说明书部分将对其中三种实施例进行详细描述，但不应以此为限。
实施例一、请参阅图1至图3所示，为本发明推草机100的第一实施例。在本实施例中，所述第二控制元件为靠近所述推杆2顶部设置的推钮7，所述推钮7与所述控制电板5相连，前后推动所述推钮7，可控制所述控制电板5启动或关闭所述第二自走电机42。
具体来讲，所述第一手柄21上设置有自走开关盒28，所述推钮7设置在所述自走开关盒28上。当操作者向前(或向后)拨动所述推钮7时，所述控制电板5会控制第二自走电机42接通电源，从而控制第二自走电机42启动；当向后(或向前)拨动所述推钮7时，所述控制电板5会控制第二自走电机42断开电源，从而控制第二自走电机42关闭。
本实施例的推草机100在行走时，拉动自走拉杆6，使自走拉杆6与第三手柄23相贴合，此时，第一自走电机41启动并通过第一减速机构43驱动前行走轮31自行走，第二自走电机42处于待机状态。需要注意的是：在本实施例中，第二自走电机42能够开启的前提是第一自走电机41处于启动状态。也就是说，当第一自走电机41停止时，即使推钮7处于开启状态，第二自走电机42也不会开启。当然，在其他实施例中，第一自走电机41与第二自走电机42两者之间的操控可相互独立。
当推草机100在平地上行走时，仅利用第一自走电机41驱动两个前行走轮31自走，即可满足工作需求；当遇到厚草和爬坡阻力比较大时，推动所述推钮7，使第二自走电机42启动并通过第二减速机构44驱动后行走轮32自行走，实现四轮驱动；反之，在平地阻力不大或下坡时，可利用推钮7关闭第二自走电机42，有效节约电能，使推草机100续航时间更长，当然，若此时的自走速度仍然过大，操作者可关闭(即松开)自走拉杆6，使第一自走电机41关闭，进一步节约电能。
实施例二、请参阅图4与图5所示，为本发明推草机100的第二实施例。在本实施例中，所述第二控制元件为一检测模块(未图示)，该检测模块设置在所述控制电板5上，用于检测所述第一自走电机41的功率并与设定值进行比较，以此来判断是否需要启动或关闭第二自走电机42。
具体来讲，因所述第一自走电机41的电源电压的变动较小，故第一自走电机41的功率可由所述检测模块检测所述第一自走电机41的电流计算获得，且检测模块将计算获得的第一自走电机41的功率传递给控制电板5，以便控制电板5根据接收到的第一自走电机41的功率来控制第二自走电机42启动或关闭。优选的，当所述第一自走电机41的功率高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板5控制所述第二自走电机42启动，当所述第一自走电机41的功率低于设定值的下限时，所述控制电板5控制所述第二自走电机42关闭。所述设定值的上限为300-350W，优选为320W；所述设定值的下限为200-250W，优选为240W。
本实施例的推草机100’在行走时，拉动自走拉杆6，使自走拉杆6与第三手柄23相贴合，此时，第一自走电机41启动并通过第一减速机构43驱动前行走轮31自行走，第二自走电机42处于待机状态。
当推草机100’在平地上行走时，由于阻力较小，此时第一自走电机41的功率较小，仅 利用第一自走电机41驱动两个前行走轮31自走，即可满足工作需求。
当遇到厚草和爬坡阻力比较大时，推草机100’的行走负载较大，若此时检测模块检测到第一自走电机41的功率较大且超过设定值的上限时，启动第二自走电机42并通过第二减速机构44驱动后行走轮32自行走，实现四轮驱动，继而降低第一自走电机41的运行功率，避免第一自走电机41过载。
当推草机100’处于下坡时，由于阻力较小，推草机100’的自走负载较低，若此时检测模块检测到第一自走电机41的功率较低且低于设定值的下限时，关闭第二自走电机42，使第一自走电机41的效率处于较佳的状态；当然，若此时推草机100’的自走速度仍然过大，操作者可关闭(即松开)自走拉杆6，使第一自走电机41关闭，节约电能，使推草机100’续航时间更长。
实施例三、请参阅图6至图8所示，为本发明推草机100的第三实施例。在本实施例中，所述第二控制元件为设置在所述前行走轮31或后行走轮32的轮轴上的角速度传感器7’，所述角速度传感器7’用于实时将所述行走轮当前的角速度信息传递给所述控制电板5，所述控制电板5根据接收到的角速度信息来判断是否需要启动或关闭所述第二自走电机42。
具体来讲，由于行走轮的大小固定，因此所述控制电板5可以根据行走轮的角速度信息计算出推草机100”当前的行走速度，并与设定值进行比较：当所述推草机100”当前的行走速度低于设定值的下限时，所述控制电板5控制所述第二自走电机42启动，当所述推草机100”当前的行走速度高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板5控制所述第二自走电机42关闭。所述设定值的上限为1.4-2m/s，优选为1.5m/s；所述设定值的下限为0-1m/s，优选为0.5m/s。
本实施例的推草机100”在行走时，拉动自走拉杆6，使自走拉杆6与第三手柄23相贴合，此时，第一自走电机41启动并通过第一减速机构43驱动前行走轮31自行走，第二自走电机42处于待机状态。
当推草机100”在平地上行走时，由于阻力较小，此时推草机100”的行走速度处于设定值的上限与下限之间，仅利用第一自走电机41驱动两个前行走轮31自走，即可满足工作需求。
当遇到厚草和爬坡阻力比较大时，推草机100”的行走速度降低，若此时控制电板5计算出推草机100”的行走速度降低且低于设定值的下限时，启动第二自走电机42并通过第二减速机构44驱动后行走轮32自行走，实现四轮驱动，继而使推草机100”的行走速度处于正常水平。
当推草机100”处于下坡时，由于阻力较小，推草机100”的自走速度加快，若此时控制电板5计算出推草机100”的行走速度较快且高于设定值的上限时，关闭第二自走电机42，使推草机100”的行走速度处于正常水平；当然，若此时推草机100”的自走速度仍然过大，操作者可关闭(即松开)自走拉杆6，使第一自走电机41关闭，节约电能，使推草机100”续航时间更长。
结合上述三个实施例，可以得出以下结论：当单个自走电机驱动能满足工作需求时，仅第一自走电机41工作，实现两个前行走轮31自走；当单个自走电机驱动不能满足工作需求时，第二自走电机42开始工作，实现四轮驱动。将第一自走电机41和第二自走电机42分开单独控制，不仅具有节能效果，而且操作、维修维护均方便。
所述罩壳与所述壳体1卡扣配合，用于对所述壳体1、动力组件11、第一自走电机41、第二自走电机42、控制电板5等结构进行遮罩，以防止灰尘、水渍等造成电源组件、动力组件11、第一自走电机41、第二自走电机42及控制电板5的损坏，保证推草机100、100’、100”能够安全、稳定的工作，延长了推草机100、100’、100”的使用寿命。
综上所述，本发明的推草机100、100’、100”通过设置第一控制元件来控制第一自走电机41的启动或关闭，同时设置第二控制元件来控制第二自走电机42的启动或关闭，从而当单个自走电机驱动能满足工作需求时，可以仅控制第一自走电机41工作，实现两轮驱动；当单个自走电机驱动不能满足工作需求时，可控制第二自走电机42开始工作，实现四轮驱动；将第一自走电机41和第二自走电机42分开单独控制，不仅具有节能效果，而且操作、维修维护均方便。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种推草机，包括壳体、与所述壳体相连的推杆、用于支撑所述推草机的行走轮、用于驱动所述行走轮自走的自走电机以及用于控制所述自走电机启动与关闭的控制电板，所述行走轮包括一对前行走轮和一对后行走轮，其特征在于：所述自走电机包括第一自走电机和第二自走电机，所述推草机还包括第一控制元件和第二控制元件，所述第一控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第一自走电机，所述第二控制元件用于控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述推杆呈U型设置，并包括沿所述壳体后部向后上方延伸的第一手柄和第二手柄以及连接所述第一手柄和第二手柄的第三手柄，所述第三手柄位于所述推杆的顶部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述第一控制元件为靠近所述第三手柄设置的自走拉杆，拉动所述自走拉杆，使所述自走拉杆与所述第三手柄相贴合时，所述第一自走电机启动；松开所述自走拉杆，所述自走拉杆恢复至初始位置，所述第一自走电机关闭。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述第二控制元件为靠近所述推杆顶部设置的推钮，所述推钮与所述控制电板相连，推动所述推钮，以控制所述控制电板启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述推杆上设置有自走开关盒，所述推钮设置在所述自走开关盒上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述第二控制元件设置在所述控制电板上，用于检测所述第一自走电机的功率并与设定值进行比较，当所述第一自走电机的功率高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机启动，当所述第一自走电机的功率低于设定值的下限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机关闭。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述设定值的上限为300-350W，所述设定值的下限为200-250W。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述第一自走电机的功率由所述第二控制元件检测所述第一自走电机的电流计算获得。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述第二控制元件为设置在所述行走轮的轮轴上的角速度传感器，所述角速度传感器用于将所述行走轮当前的角速度信息传递给所述控制电板，所述控制电板根据接收到的角速度信息启动或关闭所述第二自走电机。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述控制电板根据接收到的角速度信息计算出所述推草机当前的行走速度，并与设定值进行比较，当所述推草机当前的行走速度低于设定值的下限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机启动，当所述推草机当前的行走 速度高于设定值的上限时，所述控制电板控制所述第二自走电机关闭。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述设定值的上限为1.4-2m/s，所述设定值的下限为0-1m/s。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述设定值的上限为1.5m/s，所述设定值的下限为0.5m/s。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述推草机还包括与所述第一自走电机相连的第一减速机构和与所述第二自走电机相连的第二减速机构，所述第一减速机构和第二减速机构内均设有离合器。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述控制电板为PCB板，所述第一自走电机和第二自走电机分别与所述PCB板电连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的推草机，其特征在于：所述推草机还包括设置在所述壳体上的电源组件，所述第一自走电机和第二自走电机由所述电源组件供电。
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