Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
  • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
  • G01R31/67—Testing the correctness of wire connections in electric apparatus or circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
  • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
  • G01R31/68—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board
  • G01R31/69—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board of terminals at the end of a cable or a wire harness; of plugs; of sockets, e.g. wall sockets or power sockets in appliances
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/12—Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
  • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
  • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/14—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network the power network being locally controlled, e.g. home energy management systems [HEMS]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
  • Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
  • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Definitions

• the invention relates to methods for identifying an assignment of phase lines to connections of an unbalanced electrical device.
• the method according to the invention is intended to determine which of a plurality of phase lines is connected to which connection of a plurality of connections of the electrical device.
• the invention also relates to a device that is set up to carry out the method according to the invention and an unbalanced electrical device with such a device.
• unbalanced electrical devices that are connected to several phase lines of an electrical distribution network are known.
• a device is, for example, a bidirectionally operable battery inverter which is connected on the input side to a rechargeable battery and on the output side to a plurality of phase lines of a distribution network for a building which carry an AC voltage.
• the battery inverter can be used to supply certain consumers of the building with electrical power even in the event of a failure of a public power supply network (EVN) to which the building's distribution network is connected.
• ETN public power supply network
• the battery inverter can also be used for the purpose of energy management in the distribution network of the building.
• a power flow from the public EVN into the distribution network can be influenced in a targeted manner via a charging and / or discharging power of the battery, which is controlled by the battery inverter.
• electrical energy obtained from the public EVN via the network connection point can be kept below a maximum value within a billing period.
• Such influencing of the power obtained via the network connection point often has to be phase-selective, that is to say separately for each phase line. For this, it is necessary that an assignment or a connection of the individual phase lines to the individual connections of the battery inverter is not only known, but is also made in a correct manner.
• the electrical device When the electrical device is connected to the distribution network manually, however, it can happen that individual phase lines are not connected to the connections that are actually intended for them, but instead are interchanged, for example. This can lead to incorrect operation of the electrical device (here: the battery inverter) in the distribution network and / or partial overloading of the distribution network, and possibly damage the device itself or damage other consumers connected to the distribution network.
• the electrical device here: the battery inverter
• US 2010/0164473 A1 discloses a method for identifying phases on an energy meter arranged on the consumer side in a multi-phase electrical energy distribution network comprising a transformer station.
• a signal generator provides a different signal on each of a plurality of phases leaving the substation.
• a signal discriminator detects each of the various signals at a consumer of electrical energy.
• US 2010/0164473 A1 discloses a multi-phase power distribution network with a substation, a signal generator for delivering a different signal on each of several phases leaving the substation and a signal discriminator.
• the signal discriminator is used to detect each of the various signals from a consumer of electrical power.
• the document AT 517620 A1 discloses a device of an energy system.
• the device has inputs which can be conductively connected to at least one current converter and at least one voltage converter.
• a test device for testing a wiring of the at least one current converter and the at least one voltage converter is set up to apply a first test signal to a secondary side of the voltage converter and at the same time to impress a second test signal into a primary side of the current converter OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
• the invention is based on the object of demonstrating a method with which an assignment, in particular a correct or an incorrect assignment or a connection, in particular a correct or an incorrect connection of phase lines to connections of an unbalanced electrical device, can be identified.
• the method should be as simple and inexpensive to implement as possible. When using the method, existing components of the unbalanced device should be used as far as possible.
• the invention is also based on the object of demonstrating a device which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention and an electrical device having such a device.
• the object of the invention is achieved by a method for identifying an assignment of phase lines to connections of an electrical device with the features of independent claim 1.
• the dependent claims 2 to 9 are directed to preferred embodiments of the method.
• the claim 10 relates to a device for performing the method.
• the independent claims 1 1 and 12 are directed to an unbalanced electrical device with a device according to the invention.
• a method according to the invention for identifying an assignment of phase lines of an electrical distribution network to connections of an unbalanced electrical device, the device being connected to several phase lines of the electrical distribution network comprises the steps:
• identification of an assignment of phase lines of an electrical distribution network to connections of an unbalanced electrical device also means identification of a connection of phase lines of an electrical distribution network to connections of an unbalanced electrical device.
• the method can identify a correct assignment or an incorrect assignment of the phase lines to the connections of the electrical device.
• a distribution network is to be understood in particular as an AC distribution network.
• An “unbalanced electrical device” is to be understood as an electrical device that is set up to generate different power flows in its operation via the at least two different connections - and thus in the phase lines connected to it.
• the term “unbalanced load” means in particular that the power flows differ not only at one point in time, but also on average over time, for example averaged over several network periods, in the connected phase lines.
• the term “unbalanced load profile” within the application is also to be understood in the sense of a multi-phase power profile averaged over time over several network periods, in the sense of an envelope curve or a power amplitude of an otherwise sinusoidal electrical power within the individual phase lines.
• the unbalanced load profile can include, for example, the time course of a difference between the powers in the individual phase lines.
• the method makes use of the fact that the unbalanced device is able to set outputs at its connections according to different target parameters.
• different target parameters By setting different target parameters at the respective connections of the electrical device, different power flows are generated via the respective connections of the device, and thus also different power flows in the phase lines connected to the respective connections. It goes without saying that this is of course only the case for each of the respective connections if the corresponding connection is also connected to a phase line. If, on the other hand, a connection is not connected to a phase line, it is an open connection, and no power flow can be generated at or through it.
• the measurement parameters detected in or on the phase lines via the detection unit also differ due to the different power flows in the phase lines.
• characteristic Signal forms that are set via the target parameters at the connections of the unbalanced device, at least in a form that can be distinguished from one another and are temporally correlated to the target parameters and also present in the measurement parameters that are detected on the phase lines.
• the form of the signal forms in the measurement parameters can be lower than the signal forms present at the connections of the electrical device and specified by the target parameters.
• the signal shapes are superimposed by power flows from other consumers that are connected to individual phase lines. This leads to an influence on the signal forms and in particular to their weakening. Nevertheless, it turns out that the characteristics of the signal forms in the phase lines, even if they are overlaid by the power flows of the other consumers, are still sufficiently present to distinguish the phase lines from one another.
• the form of the signal forms is also sufficient to assign the measurement parameters to the respective target parameters, taking into account a temporal correlation, and thus to be able to carry out a traceability of the phase lines to the connections of the device.
• By comparing the measurement parameters with the target parameters it can be identified on the one hand whether the multiple phase lines are correctly connected to the multiple connections of the electrical device. If the assignment or connection of the phase lines to the connections is made incorrectly, the method can also be used to determine which changes are required for a correct connection of the phase lines to the connections of the device, in other words which phase line with which connection is correct must be connected.
• An advantage here is that the unbalanced electrical device itself is capable of generating different power flows via the respective connections of the device, and thus also different power flows in the phase lines connected to the respective connections.
• a separate signal generator is therefore not required to generate the unbalanced load profile, since the unbalanced electrical device itself has the appropriate functionality.
• the device As will be explained in more detail in connection with the device according to the invention, many components required for carrying out the method according to the invention, for example a control unit and an evaluation unit, are usually present in the electrical device anyway. Their capacity is often sufficient so that the required functionalities can be carried out by the components which are present in the electrical device anyway.
• the device at least a predominant part of it, is an integral part of the device itself. Therefore, the method is simple by means of a corresponding program adaptation within the control software and is therefore not very large Effort and inexpensive to implement. But even if the device for carrying out the method according to the invention is designed as a separate unit, which in particular can also be part of the detection unit, it can be used for a large number of different unbalanced devices.
• the method according to the invention it is often sufficient to carry out the method according to the invention only once on the unbalanced device, for example after its installation - as a quasi-final test.
• the device costs only once, but can be used for a variety of unbalanced devices.
• the method can therefore also be carried out relatively inexpensively and inexpensively in this case too.
• a start, possibly also an end, of the setting of the set parameters of the unbalanced load profile is signaled by the electrical device.
• characteristic points in time when the unbalanced load profile is set at the connections of the unbalanced load electrical device are synchronized in time with the start of detection - and possibly also the end of detection - of the measurement parameters on the phase lines. This is advantageous in order to check a temporal correlation of the respective signal forms when comparing the measurement parameters with the target parameters.
• the measurement parameters are designed as non-electrical parameters.
• the measurement parameters, as well as the target parameters can be thermal parameters, for example.
• the target parameters and / or the measurement parameters are of an electrical nature, that is to say they are each designed as electrical parameters.
• the desired electrical parameters by means of which the unbalanced load profile is set at the connections of the electrical device, and / or the electrical measurement parameters, which are detected in or on the phase lines, a current I (t), a Include voltage U (t), power P (t), and / or a phase difference f between current I (t) and voltage U (t).
• the unbalanced load profile is not only to be understood as different active powers that are set at the connections. Rather, it is also possible to set different reactive powers and / or different ratios of active and reactive power at the connections of the device via the target parameters. Likewise, different reactive powers or different ratios of active and reactive power can also be detected via the measurement parameters on the phase lines.
• the method advantageously comprises signaling a correct assignment or an incorrect assignment of the phase lines to the respective connections on the basis of the comparison. In this way, for example, an installer of the electrical device can receive feedback immediately after installation as to whether the phase lines have been correctly connected to the connections of the device. If the connections of the electrical device are incorrectly assigned to the phase lines, the phase lines can be separated from the connections and reconnected in a correct manner.
• correct assignment of the phase lines to the connections means that each of the connections is also connected to the phase line which is provided for this connection. Conversely, this means that if at least one connection is connected to a phase line that is not provided for it, there is an incorrect assignment of the phase line to the respective connections.
• a correct or an incorrect assignment can be signaled visually or acoustically.
• the signaling can also be sent by radio to a communication device, for example a smartphone, an operator or an installer of the electrical device.
• an incorrect assignment does not necessarily have to be corrected by changing the connection of the phase lines to the connections of the device on the hardware side.
• an incorrect assignment of the phase lines to the connections is reacted to by means of a software change in the device itself or in a control device connected to the device.
• separate connection designations for the individual connections of the electrical device can be provided in software. Each connection designation is clearly assigned to a corresponding connection. If an incorrect or unintended assignment should result when the method is carried out, the assignment of the connection designations to the connections within the software can be adapted so that the originally intended phase lines are addressed while the connection designations are retained.
• the software change can be carried out automatically when the method is carried out, quasi as an additional method step, and can be triggered by the signaling of an incorrect assignment.
• the target parameters of the unbalanced load profile are specified by the device itself or by a control device connected to the device. These are usually target parameters that are particularly strong have pronounced signal forms and are usually created and stored explicitly for identifying the assignment of the phase lines to the connections, that is to say exclusively for test purposes. The stored target parameters are then called up and specified when the method is to be carried out on the device.
• the control device connected to the device can be a control device set up for energy management of a building.
• the control device connected to the device can also comprise a separately designed device for carrying out the method, in particular its control unit.
• the set parameters assigned to the unbalanced load profile are set at the connections during normal operation of the device. This is the case, for example, if a pronounced unbalanced load profile is already present or foreseeable at certain times during normal operation of the device. It is within the scope of the invention that electrical quantities are measured at the connections of the electrical device and used for determining the target parameters. This is advantageous, for example, as an additional check of the set parameters to be set at the connections.
• the electrical variables or the target parameters can be communicated by the device, for example to a separately implemented device for carrying out the method which is connected to the device.
• the target parameters of the unbalanced load profile have current amplitudes which are constant over time but differ between the connections within a time period At of at least 30s. This is possible if the power flows of additional energy-consuming or energy-generating devices which are connected to the phase lines of the distribution network are small compared to those power flows which are caused by the electrical device and flow through each of the connections. In such a case, a current amplitude that is constant over time, but different for the individual connections, is sufficient to generate an unbalanced load profile at the same voltage at the connections, so that the measurement parameters can be traced back to the target parameters and thus an identification of the assignment the phase lines to the connections is guaranteed.
• a device for identifying an assignment of phase lines of an electrical distribution network to connections of an unbalanced electrical device is provided with a detection unit for detecting a measurement parameter on each of the several Phase lines of the electrical distribution network to which the device is connected.
• the device comprises an evaluation unit for comparing the measurement parameters detected on the phase lines with set parameters, the set parameters being set at the connections of the device and being assigned to an unbalanced load profile.
• the unbalanced load profile is generated at the respective connections of the electrical device and in the phase lines connected to the respective connections by setting the target parameters. Of course, this is only the case for each of the respective connections if the corresponding connection is also connected to a phase line.
• the device is characterized in that it has a control unit which is designed and set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
• the measurement parameters possibly also the target parameters, can each be electrical in nature, that is, they can each be designed as electrical parameters.
• An unbalanced electrical device includes a plurality of connections via which the device can be connected, in particular connected, to a multiplicity of phase lines of an electrical distribution network.
• the electrical device is characterized in that it comprises a device according to the invention for identifying an assignment of the phase lines of the electrical distribution network to the connections, or that it is connected to such a device according to the invention.
• the evaluation unit or the control unit of the device can be formed by at least one corresponding unit which is present in the device anyway.
• Such a unit can be a microprocessor, for example, which is not yet fully utilized with the control and evaluation functions to be carried out for the device anyway and thus still has free capacities with regard to such functions.
• the device is selected from a group which comprises the following device classes:
• an energy feeding device in particular a photovoltaic (PV) inverter, - an energy consuming electrical device, and
• PV photovoltaic
• FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for identifying an assignment of
• FIG. 3 shows a device according to the invention for identifying an assignment of
• Phase lines of a distribution network to connections of an electrical device in a second embodiment Phase lines of a distribution network to connections of an electrical device in a second embodiment.
• the electrical device 1 is, by way of example, a device 1 that both feeds in energy and consumes energy, in particular a battery inverter that can be operated bidirectionally.
• the device 1 has a plurality of phase connections U, V, W which are connected to phase lines L1, L2, L3 of the electrical distribution network 3.
• the device comprises a connection NL, which is connected to a neutral conductor N of the electrical distribution network 3.
• the distribution network 3 is designed, for example, as a house distribution network of a building, which is connected on one side to the public energy supply network EVN.
• the device 1 is set up to both feed electrical power in the form of an unbalanced load profile into the distribution network 3 and also to draw or consume electrical energy from the distribution network 3. With the electrical energy fed into the distribution network 3 or withdrawn from the distribution network 3, the electrical device 1 can in particular discharge or recharge a battery connected to it (not shown in FIG. 1).
• An electrical consumer 1 1 is additionally connected to the distribution network 3.
• the consumer 1 1 is shown as an example as a three-phase consumer, which is connected to each of the phase lines L1, L2, L3 and to the neutral conductor N. It is however, it is also possible that the consumer 1 1 is a one- or two-phase consumer.
• additional single-phase or multi-phase consumers can also be connected to the distribution network 3.
• an energy-feeding device can also be connected to the distribution network 3.
• the electrical device 1 is intended to uniquely connect each of the connections U, V, W to a specific phase line L1, L2, L3. Specifically, it is intended that a first connection U be connected to a first phase line L1, a second connection V to a second phase line L2 and a third connection W to a third phase line L3. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical device 1 with its connections U, V, W is incorrectly connected to the phase lines L1, L2, L3 of the distribution network 3. By way of example, a first connection U is still connected to the first phase line L1 correctly assigned to it. In contrast, a second connection V is incorrectly connected to the third phase line L3 and a third connection W is incorrectly connected to the second phase line L2. The connection NL is correctly connected to the neutral conductor N of the distribution network 3.
• a device 10 for control and for data exchange is connected to the device 1.
• the control technology and data technology connection is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a dashed line.
• the device 10 comprises a control unit 5 and an evaluation unit 4 connected to it.
• the device 10 is connected to a detection unit 2, which is set up each with an electrical parameter 21a, 21b, 21c, in particular a time profile of the electrical parameters 21a, 21 b, 21c to be detected on each of the plurality of phase lines L1, L2, L3, to which the electrical device 1 is also connected.
• the detection unit 2 comprises current sensors 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 for the detection of currents 11, I2, I3 through the phase lines L1, L2, L3 and voltage sensors 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 in order to determine a voltage of the phase lines L1, L2, L3.
• the device 10 In order to identify or determine an assignment of the phase lines L1, L2, L3, which of the phase lines L1, L2, L3 is connected to which of the connections U, V, W of the device 1, the device 10, in particular its control unit 5, Set parameters 20a, 20b, 20c assigned to device 1 with an unbalanced load profile as setpoints. In response to this, the device 1 sets the desired parameters 20a, 20b, 20c assigned to the predetermined unbalanced load profile at its connections U, V, W. In other words, the device 1 thus an electrical power flow via the connections U, V, W, which corresponds to the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the predetermined unbalanced load profile.
• a start for traversing the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c is signaled by the device 1 of the device 10.
• the device 10 controls the detection device 2 to carry out measurements of current 11, I2, I3 and voltage U 1, U2, U3 on each of the phase lines L1, L2, L3.
• the values measured by the detection unit 2 are transmitted to the device 10, in particular its evaluation unit 4, as measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21c.
• the evaluation unit 4 determines a currently existing assignment of the phase lines L1, L2 by comparing the measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c with the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the predetermined unbalanced load profile. L3 or its electrical connection with the connections U, V, W of the device 1.
• FIG. 2 shows diagrams of the measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c measured on the phase lines L1, L2, L3 in comparison to the known parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the unbalanced load profile as a function of time t because they are known .
• the comparison is carried out on the basis of an electrical power P (t) as setpoint and measurement parameters.
• the powers P (t) determined by the evaluation unit 4 from the measurements of current 11, I2, I3 and voltage U 1, U2, U3 for each of the phase lines L1, L2, L3 are as measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c in
• the individual diagrams are illustrated in the form of solid lines.
• the powers P (t) specified for the respective connections U, V, W, that is to say the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the shooting load profile, are each represented in the form of a dashed line.
• the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c are shown in FIG. 2 in the diagrams of those phase lines L1, L2, L3 in which they would occur if the phase lines L1, L2, L3 were correctly assigned to the connections U, V, W. .
• the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c and measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c shown in the diagrams are each to be understood in terms of an enveloping function or as time-dependent power amplitudes of the otherwise sinusoidal instantaneous electrical powers.
• the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the exemplary unbalanced load profile of FIG. 2 have different sawtooth-like power increases or power drops as signal forms for each connection U, V, W.
• the power flow generated by the device 1 via the connection U - ie the target parameter 20a - is characterized by a sawtooth-like power dip that repeats at a time interval t beginning - end .
• the power flow generated by the device 1 via the connection V - ie the target parameter 20b - has two successive sawtooth-like power increases.
• the over the connection W generated by the device 1 power flow - ie the target parameter 20c - includes a sawtooth-like increase in power followed by two sawtooth-like drops in power.
• the via terminals V and W of the device 1 as a target parameter 20b, 20c generated power flows are repeated after the time interval t Anf - tEnd-
• the measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21c determined by means of the detection unit 2 on the phase lines L1, L2, L3 - here the measured electrical powers P (t) - are evaluated by the evaluation unit 4 with the time profiles of the connections U, V , W set desired parameters 20a, 20b, 20c compared.
• a comparison of the measurement parameter 21a determined on the first phase line L1 with the set parameter 20a set on the first connection U reveals a temporal correspondence of the sawtooth-like power drops. It can therefore be assumed that the first phase line L1 is correctly connected to the first connection U.
• a comparison of the measurement parameter 21 b determined on the second phase line L2 with the target parameter set on the second connection V does not provide a match between the sawtooth-like power drops or power increases.
• the second phase line L2 is not connected to the second terminal V, as is correctly provided.
• the third phase line L3 is not - as intended - connected to the third terminal W assigned to it.
• the power drops or power increases of the measurement parameter 21 b measured on the second phase line L2 match the power drops and power increases of the target parameter 20 c set at the third connection W.
• a corresponding match also results from a comparison of the measurement parameter 21c determined on the third phase line L3 with the setpoint parameter 20b set at the second connection V. From this it can be concluded that the second phase line L2 is incorrectly connected to the third connection W and the third phase line L3 is connected to the second connection V.
• the device 10 can signal the incorrect assignment of the phase lines L2, L3 to the connections V, W.
• the incorrect assignment can be corrected on the one hand by disconnecting the electrical connection of the phase lines L2, L3 to the connections W, V, for example by a qualified electrician, and restoring them in the correct assignment.
• the incorrect assignment can also be caused by a software change on the device 1 itself or corrected on a control device upstream of the device 1. The latter is illustrated schematically in FIG. 1.
• the connections U, V, W of the device 1 are assigned specific connection designations R, S, T within the software.
• connection designation S via the second connection V of the second phase line L2 and the connection designation T (via the third connection W) is assigned to the third phase line L3.
• connection designation S becomes the third connection W and thus the second phase line L2 within the software of the device 1 , and the connection designation T are assigned to the second connection V and thus to the third phase line L3.
• the connection designation S is linked to the second phase line L2 and the connection designation T to the third phase line L3.
• the waveforms shown in FIG. 2 in the time profiles of the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c are purely exemplary in nature and other signal types are alternatively possible.
• the signal shapes of the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c should, on the one hand, differ from one another, in particular by their shape and / or by the time of the occurrence of a signal shape, in order to ensure traceability to the connections U, V, W assigned to them.
• the further variations generated by the further devices are not signal shapes that are constant over time (as shown in FIG. 2) (that is, only an offset within the superimposition), but also variations that vary over time. So that the signal shapes of the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c can be identified in the measuring parameters 21a, 21b, 21c, an adaptive adaptation of the target parameters is dependent on the further variations already detected in the phase lines L1, L2, L3 possible.
• the more the further variations occur in the measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21c the more pronounced the signal shapes of the target parameters 20a 20b, 20c can also be selected.
• a certain signal form of the Setpoint parameters 20a, 20b, 20c are repeated with a frequency which is characteristic of the respective connection U, V, W and which is different from a network frequency of the distribution network 3.
• This signal form can thus also be detected in the measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c of the phase lines L1, L2, L3 connected to the connections U, V, W.
• the measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21 c can be analyzed by means of a Fourier transformation for the existence of the frequencies characteristic of the connections U, V, W.
• FIG. 3 shows a device 10 according to the invention for identifying an assignment of phase lines L1, L2, L3 of a distribution network 3 to connections U, V, W of an electrical device 1 in a second embodiment. 3 corresponds in many features to FIG. 1, which is why reference is made to the description of FIG. 1 with regard to the similar features. Therefore, only the differences of the second embodiment relative to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are explained below.
• the electrical device 1 of FIG. 3 has a detection device 9 with current sensors 9u, 9v, 9w and voltage sensors (not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity).
• the detection device 9 is able to detect currents IU, IV, IW flowing through the outputs U, V, W and voltages UU, UV, UW present at the outputs U, V, W as electrical quantities and the electrical quantities thus detected to communicate with device 10.
• device 1 receives no specification regarding an unbalanced load profile to be set at its connections U, V, W. Rather, device 1 in FIG. 3 decides when the method for identifying an assignment of phase lines L1, L2, L3 to the connections U, V, W is started.
• the method can be carried out during normal operation of the device 1, for example when an unbalanced load profile suitable for the method is present or expected at the connections U, V, W of the device 1. If this is the case, the device 1 signals to the device 10 a start time t beginning of the method. The device 1 then measures at its connections U, V, W the currents IU, IV, IW flowing through the connections U, V, W and the voltages UU, UV, UW prevailing there as electrical quantities. As also described in FIG. 1, the device 1 signals a start point in time t beginning of the method at which the detection of the electrical quantities begins.
• the device 10 then - triggered by the signaling of the start time from the device 1 - controls the detection unit 2 connected to it for the detection of measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21c on the phase lines L1, L2, L3.
• the detection of the Electrical quantities at the connections U, V, W of the device 1 and the measurement parameters 21 a, 21 b, 21 c on the phase lines L1, L2, L3 take place over a predetermined period of time or until they are through the device 1 or the device 10 is ended.
• the device 1 of the device 10 advantageously also signals an end time t End, which ends the detection of the electrical variables at the connections U, V, W or the measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 2c on the phase lines L1, L2, L3 .
• the device 1 communicates the electrical quantities or their time profiles to the device 10.
• the evaluation unit 4 of the device interprets the communicated electrical quantities - possibly after further processing of them - as target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the unbalanced load profile set.
• a comparison of the target parameters 20a, 20b, 20c of the unbalanced load profile with the measurement parameters 21a, 21b, 21c determined on the phase lines L1, L2, L3, as well as - if required - a correction of an incorrect assignment of phase lines L1, L2, L3 and connections U, V, W then proceed analogously to the manner described in FIG. 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
• Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

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• 2018
  • 2018-09-28 DE DE102018124124.0A patent/DE102018124124B3/de active Active
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