WO2020062386A1 - 汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件 - Google Patents

汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062386A1
WO2020062386A1 PCT/CN2018/112209 CN2018112209W WO2020062386A1 WO 2020062386 A1 WO2020062386 A1 WO 2020062386A1 CN 2018112209 W CN2018112209 W CN 2018112209W WO 2020062386 A1 WO2020062386 A1 WO 2020062386A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
receiving unit
unit
wave
time difference
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112209
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢志辉
Original Assignee
谢志辉
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Publication date
Application filed by 谢志辉 filed Critical 谢志辉
Publication of WO2020062386A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062386A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2965—Measuring attenuation of transmitted waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/08—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
    • B60R2021/0016—Fall in water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0027—Post collision measures, e.g. notifying emergency services
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01204—Actuation parameters of safety arrangents
    • B60R2021/01211—Expansion of air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01204—Actuation parameters of safety arrangents
    • B60R2021/01252—Devices other than bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01286—Electronic control units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a car launching escape system and its ultrasonic component, and in particular to a car launching escape system and ultrasonic component that assist in quickly receiving and sending information about the launching of a vehicle to grasp rescue opportunities.
  • the Taiwanese Patent No. M416576 "Automobile Rescue System” is used to solve the above problems.
  • the patent includes the car body, inflation mechanism, water level sensor and control unit.
  • the car body is provided with sides, and the inflation mechanism is located on the
  • the side also includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a floating ball and a floating ball control module.
  • the high-pressure gas bottle is located in the car body, the floating ball is located outside the car body.
  • the floating ball control module is connected to the high-pressure gas bottle and the floating ball and includes a fixed ring, Starter and driver of gas cylinder inflation switch; water level sensor is located outside the vehicle, and the control unit is electrically connected to the water level sensor and the float control module; thus, it can start when the water level sensor detects that the water level is too high
  • the inflating mechanism inflates the floating ball of the inflating mechanism quickly to prevent the car body from sinking, thereby saving the driver ’s life.
  • help lamp on the top of the lamp, which can flash and let the driver wait for rescue; however,
  • the water level sensor and the buoy move upward due to the buoyancy of the water, but are subject to the tension of the spring as a resistance, which affects the operating time of the buoy and delays the sensor.
  • the first opportunity is the problem that the car escape system needs to continue to overcome and solve.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an automobile launching escape system and an ultrasonic component thereof, and the object thereof is to provide an automobile launching escape system and an ultrasonic component thereof which assist in quickly receiving and transmitting automobile launch information and grasping a rescue opportunity.
  • the difference between the reflectance and penetration of the ultrasonic wave and the set value is calculated based on the acoustic impedance principle of the ultrasonic wave colliding with the air and entering the water; and the ultrasonic wave is measured when the vehicle falls into the water
  • the reflection time difference and the difference between the reflection distance and the set value is indeed achieve the advantage of grasping the rescue opportunity of a car launching to reduce casualties.
  • an ultrasonic component which includes at least: a casing, an accommodation space is contained in the casing, at least one perforation is formed on at least one side of the casing, and at least two correspondingly disposed on the casing.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit projects an ultrasonic wave
  • the receiving unit receives the ultrasonic wave Ultrasonic wave
  • the receiving unit analyzes the speed of the ultrasonic wave and converts it into a transmittance or a reflectance, or the receiving unit analyzes the time when the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit projects the ultrasonic wave and the time at which the ultrasonic wave is received by the receiving unit A time difference between time gaps, or the receiving unit analyzes a reflection distance based on the time difference
  • the computing unit passes the receiving unit The transmittance is compared with a built-in transmittance set value, or the calculation unit compares the reflectivity transmitted
  • the ultrasonic component as described above, wherein when the time difference is smaller than the time difference setting value, the calculation unit generates the falling water signal and transmits it to the signal transmitting unit.
  • the time difference is the set value of the time difference.
  • the ultrasonic component described above wherein the reflection distance is one half of the time difference times the speed of the ultrasonic wave, or the reflection distance is the time difference times the speed of the ultrasound wave.
  • the ultrasonic component as described above, wherein when the reflection distance is smaller than the reflection distance setting value, the calculation unit generates the falling water signal and transmits it to the signal transmitting unit.
  • the ultrasonic component described above wherein the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit transmits the ultrasonic wave toward the receiving unit.
  • the ultrasonic component described above wherein the ultrasonic wave has a penetration wave, and after the receiving unit analyzes that the velocity of the transmitted wave is greater than the velocity of the ultrasonic wave, the receiving unit analyzes the penetration rate.
  • the calculation unit generates the falling water signal and transmits it to the signal transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit After the receiving unit analyzes that the speed of the transmitted wave is greater than the speed of the ultrasonic wave, the receiving unit analyzes the reflectance.
  • the receiving unit further analyzes the reflectance according to the transmittance; when the reflectance is less than the set value of the reflectance, the calculating unit generates the water signal and transmits the signal to the Signal transmitting unit.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit is an ultrasonic signal transmitting element or an ultrasonic signal transmitting device.
  • the inventor proposes a car launch escape system, which is disposed on a vehicle.
  • the car launch escape system includes at least: at least one of the ultrasonic components described above; and a host Board, which is electrically connected to the ultrasonic component, and after the motherboard receives the launch signal transmitted by the signal transmitting unit, the motherboard is electrically connected to a motor of the vehicle to open at least one window, and electrically connected to the vehicle An electromagnetic switch to unlock at least one seat belt.
  • the car launch escape system wherein the car launch escape system is further provided with an uninterruptible power system, which keeps the power required by the car launch escape system from being interrupted.
  • the above-mentioned automobile escape system wherein the automobile escape system is further electrically connected to an application (Application, APP) installed in one of the vehicle or a mobile communication device held by a driver of the vehicle, After receiving the falling water signal, the car escape system launches the automatic positioning function of the application.
  • Application Application, APP
  • the above-mentioned automobile escape system wherein the motherboard is further electrically connected to a horn of the vehicle, so that the motherboard can activate the horn to emit a sound after receiving the launch signal.
  • the above-mentioned automobile escape system wherein the main board is provided with a control unit, and the control unit is electrically connected to the motor, the plurality of lights, and at least one of the horns, respectively.
  • FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a device arrangement of a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a device arrangement (a) of a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a device arrangement of a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic component of the present invention (2).
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a device arrangement of a second preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a system setting of a preferred embodiment of a car launch escape system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system operation of a preferred embodiment of a car launch escape system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system setting of the second preferred embodiment of the automobile launch escape system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the system operation of the second preferred embodiment of the automobile launch escape system according to the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic component 1 of the present invention includes at least: a casing 11 and an ultrasonic module 12.
  • the casing 11 has an accommodation space 111 inside, at least two perforations 112 are formed on two opposite sides of the casing (11), and at least two shielding sheets 113 corresponding to the two sides of the perforations 112, An angle ⁇ is sandwiched between the shielding sheet 113 and the side of the casing 11. In addition, the angle ⁇ is between 5 degrees and 65 degrees.
  • the casing 11 is a shell of one shape and an accommodating space 111 is formed inside the accommodating space 111.
  • the accommodating space 111 is filled with air.
  • Each of the side portions is provided with at least one of the perforations 112, and one of the shielding sheets 113 is provided on the upper and lower sides of each of the perforations 112.
  • the shielding sheets 113 on the upper and lower sides of the perforation 112 are parallel to each other, and one of the shielding sheets 113 of the perforation 112 and the side of the casing 11 are sandwiched between 5 to 65 degrees. At this angle ⁇ , the other shielding piece 113 and the side portion of the casing 11 are sandwiched to complement each other at the angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ between the shielding sheet 113 and the casing 11 is to prevent a user from washing the car or raining or other non-falling water from splashing directly into the casing 11 to cause misjudgment.
  • the ultrasonic module 12 is disposed in the accommodation space 111.
  • the ultrasonic module 12 includes an ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121, a receiving unit 122, a computing unit 123 electrically connected to the receiving unit 122, and A signal transmitting unit 124 electrically connected to the computing unit 123, preferably the receiving unit 122 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121, or the computing unit 123 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 continuously or periodically projects an ultrasonic wave U
  • the receiving unit 122 receives the ultrasonic wave U, preferably the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 transmits the speed of the ultrasonic wave U , Frequency or wavelength to the receiving unit 122;
  • the receiving unit 122 analyzes the speed of the ultrasonic wave U and converts it into a transmission rate or a reflectance, or the receiving unit 122 analyzes the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 to project the ultrasonic wave
  • the ultrasonic wave U After the ultrasonic wave U contacts an obstacle O (see FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C), the ultrasonic wave U is divided into a penetrating wave U1 and a collision generated after penetrating the obstacle O.
  • a reflected wave U2 generated after the obstacle O in other words, the ultrasonic wave U has the transmitted wave U1 and the reflected wave U2; the receiving unit 122 analyzes the speed of the transmitted wave U1 of the ultrasonic wave U and converts Is the transmission rate or the reflectivity of the obstacle O, or the time when the receiving unit 122 analyzes the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 to project the ultrasonic wave U and the time when the receiving unit 122 receives the reflected wave U2
  • the time difference between the gaps, or the receiving unit 122 analyzes the reflection distance between the obstacle O and the ultrasonic module 12 according to the time difference.
  • the calculation unit 123 compares the transmittance transmitted by the receiving unit 122 with a built-in transmittance setting value, or the calculation unit 123 compares the transmittance transmitted by the receiving unit 122 with the built-in transmittance. Comparison of a reflectance set value, or the calculation unit 123 compares the time difference passed by the receiving unit 122 with a built-in time difference set value, or the calculation unit 123 compares the reflection passed by the receiving unit 122 The distance is compared with the built-in reflection distance setting.
  • the calculation unit 123 When the transmittance is different from the transmittance setting value, or the reflectance is different from the reflectance setting value, or the time difference is different from the time difference setting value, or the reflection distance is different from When there is a difference in the reflectance setting value, the calculation unit 123 generates a water signal and transmits it to the signal transmitting unit 124.
  • the signal transmitting unit 124 sends the water signal by a wired method or a wireless method.
  • the calculation unit 123 when the transmittance is greater than the transmittance set value, or the reflectance is less than the reflectance set value, or the time difference is less than the time difference set value, or the reflection distance is less than the reflectance setting
  • the calculation unit 123 When the value is set, the calculation unit 123 generates the falling water signal and transmits it to the signal transmitting unit 124, and the signal transmitting unit 124 sends the falling water signal by wired or wireless means.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 is one of an ultrasonic signal transmitting element or an ultrasonic signal transmitting device.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 in the form of the ultrasonic signal transmitting element emits the ultrasonic wave
  • the receiving unit 122 receives the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121.
  • the ultrasonic wave and analyze the transmittance, the reflectance, the time difference, or the reflection distance.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 and the receiving unit 122 are disposed on the same side of the accommodating space 111.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 and the receiving unit 122 are disposed in the accommodating space 111.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 transmits the ultrasonic wave U
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 transmits the ultrasonic wave U toward the lower half of the accommodation space 111, and then the ultrasonic wave U collides with the obstacle O located in the lower half of the accommodation space 111 to generate the reflected wave U2.
  • the obstacle O is water, for example, water enters the accommodation space 111 from the perforation 112; a portion of the accommodation space 111 not occupied by water is air.
  • the receiving unit 122 receives the reflected wave U2 and marks a receiving time.
  • the receiving unit 122 subtracts the starting time from the starting time to obtain the time difference.
  • the receiving unit 12) passes the time difference to the computing unit 123.
  • the calculation unit 123 has a built-in time difference setting value.
  • the calculation unit 123 checks, compares, or calculates a difference between the time difference and the time difference setting value.
  • the calculation unit 123 When the time difference is different from the time difference setting value, for example, when the time difference When it is smaller than the time difference setting value, the calculation unit 123 generates the falling water signal and transmits the falling water signal to the signal transmitting unit 124, and then the signal transmitting unit 124 sends the falling water signal by wire or wirelessly. It is specifically stated that when the obstacle O is not present in the accommodation space 111, the ultrasonic wave U collides with the bottom of the casing 11 and generates the reflected wave U2, and the time difference measured at this time can be used as the Time difference setting value.
  • the receiving unit 122 analyzes the reflection distance between the obstacle O and the ultrasonic module 12 according to the time difference, and the reflection time is a half of the time difference multiplied by the speed of the ultrasonic wave U or the reflection
  • the distance is the time difference multiplied by the speed of the ultrasonic wave U, or the reflection distance is one-half the time difference multiplied by the speed of the reflected wave U2.
  • the receiving unit 122 passes the reflection distance to the computing unit 123.
  • the calculation unit 123 has the reflection distance setting value built in. The calculation unit 123 checks, compares or calculates the difference between the reflection distance and the reflection distance setting value.
  • the calculation unit 123 When the reflection distance is different from the reflection ratio setting value, For example, when the reflection distance is less than the reflection distance setting value, the calculation unit 123 generates the falling water signal and transmits the falling water signal to the signal transmitting unit 124, and then the signal transmitting unit 124 sends the falling water signal by wire or wirelessly.
  • the ultrasonic wave U collides with the bottom of the casing 11 and generates the reflected wave U2, and the time difference measured at this time can be used as the Time difference setting value
  • the reflection distance setting value is one half of the time difference setting value multiplied by the speed of the ultrasonic wave U, or the reflection distance setting value is one half of the time difference setting value multiplied. At the speed of this reflected wave U2.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 and the receiving unit 122 are disposed on opposite sides of the accommodation space 111.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 is disposed on the upper half of the accommodation space 111.
  • the receiving unit 122 is disposed in the lower half of the receiving space 111, and the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 transmits the ultrasonic wave U toward the lower half of the receiving space 111.
  • the ultrasonic signal transmitting unit 121 is directed toward the receiving space 111.
  • the receiving unit 122 transmits the ultrasonic wave U. Then, the ultrasonic wave penetrates the obstacle O located in the lower half of the accommodation space 111 to generate the transmitted wave U1.
  • the obstacle O is water, and the obstacle O covers the receiving unit.
  • 122 for example, water enters the accommodation space 111 from the perforation 112 and covers the receiving unit 122; a portion of the accommodation space 111 not occupied by water is air.
  • the receiving unit 122 receives the transmitted wave U1 and analyzes the speed of the transmitted wave U1 and the transmittance. For example, after the receiving unit 122 analyzes that the speed of the transmitted wave U1 is greater than the speed of the ultrasonic wave U, then The receiving unit 122 calculates the transmittance; the receiving unit 122 transmits the transmittance to the calculating unit 123.
  • the calculation unit 123 has the transmittance set value built-in, preferably the transmittance set value is 0.
  • the calculation unit 123 checks, compares or calculates the transmittance and the transmittance set value. Difference, when the transmission rate is different from the transmission rate setting value, for example, when the transmission rate is greater than the transmission rate setting value, or when the transmission rate is greater than 0, the calculation unit 123 generates The launch signal is transmitted to the signal transmitting unit 124, and the signal transmitting unit 124 sends the launch signal in a wired or wireless manner.
  • the incompressibility of water is 2.2 ⁇ 10 9 (Pa)
  • the incompressibility of air is 1 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa)
  • the incompressibility of water is greater than the incompressibility of air.
  • the incompressibility of the medium increases, it becomes faster, so when the car falls into the water, the water will cover the receiving unit 122, causing the speed of the transmitted wave U1 to be greater than the speed of the ultrasonic wave U.
  • the receiving unit 122 analyzes the transmittance using the following formula:
  • T is the transmittance
  • ⁇ 1 is the density of air
  • C 1 is the velocity of the ultrasonic wave U
  • ⁇ 2 is the density of water
  • C 2 is the velocity of the ultrasonic wave U 1 of the ultrasonic wave U
  • ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2, and C 1 are independently different constants and stored in the receiving unit 122
  • C 2 is measured by the receiving unit 122.
  • the obstacle O is water
  • the receiving unit 122 analyzes the reflectance using the following formula:
  • R is the reflectivity
  • ⁇ 1 is the density of air
  • C 1 is the velocity of the ultrasonic wave U
  • ⁇ 2 is the density of water
  • C 2 is the velocity of the penetrating wave U1 of the ultrasonic wave U
  • ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and C 1 are each a different constant and are stored in the receiving unit 122
  • C 2 is measured by the receiving unit 122.
  • the obstacle O is water
  • the above-mentioned ultrasonic component 1 is particularly suitable for the characteristics of the ultrasonic wave U between two different media (for example, air and water) after the vehicle falls into the water.
  • the transmittance, the time difference, and the reflection distance are respectively different from the reflection rate setting value, the transmission rate setting value, the time difference setting value, and the reflection distance setting value, so as to detect whether the car falls into the water, which is helpful Quickly receive and send out information on falling water, and be able to grasp the opportunity of rescue.
  • a water-permeable layer 114 is further provided on the inner side of the perforation 112, and the water-permeable layer 114 is a fiber-containing material layer or a cloth layer; please refer to FIG. 2 together, which is the second preferred embodiment of the ultrasonic component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are system block diagrams of a preferred embodiment of the car launch escape system of the present invention.
  • the motherboard 21 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic component 1.
  • the motherboard 21 receives the launch signal transmitted by the signal transmitting unit 124.
  • the motherboard 21 is electrically connected to a motor 31 of a vehicle (3) to turn on at least one The vehicle window 32 and an electromagnetic switch 33 electrically connected to the vehicle 3 to release at least one seat belt 34.
  • the car launch escape system 2 is further provided with a uninterruptible power system 22, which keeps the power required by the car launch escape system 2 uninterrupted.
  • the automobile launch escape system 2 includes the above-mentioned ultrasonic component 1 and a motherboard 21.
  • the motherboard 21 is provided with a control unit 211, and the control unit 211 is electrically The motor 31 and the electromagnetic switch 33 are connected to the vehicle 3, wherein the motor 31 is electrically connected to the window 32 of the vehicle 3, and the electromagnetic switch 33 is electrically connected to the seat belt 34 of the vehicle 3. 3 After falling into water and the motherboard 21 receives the falling water signal transmitted by the transmitting unit 124 electrically connected, the motherboard 21 opens at least one of the car windows 32 through the motor 31 and unlocks it through the electromagnetic switch 33 At least one safety belt 34 is provided to facilitate the escape of the personnel in the vehicle 3.
  • the uninterruptible power system 22 provides the power required by the vehicle escape system 2 after the vehicle 3 falls into the water and the power is interrupted.
  • At least one of the ultrasonic waves may be installed in the front side of the front of the vehicle 3, the rear side of the rear of the vehicle, the front left door, the front right door, the rear left door, and the rear right door.
  • Component 1 when the ultrasonic component 1 on the front side of the vehicle head detects an abnormality (the falling water signal), in other words, after the motherboard 21 receives the falling water signal transmitted by the signal transmitting unit 124, the motherboard 21 notifies before and after the start The motors of the windows and sunroof of the left and right sides of the door and the sunroof lower the windows and open the sunroof; when the ultrasonic member 1 on the rear side of the rear detects an abnormality, the main board 21 notifies the left and right doors before and after the opening The motors of the windows and sunroof make the windows lower and the sunroof open; when the ultrasonic member 1 in the current left door or the ultrasonic member 1 in the rear left door detects an abnormality, the motherboard 21 notifies the right The exit
  • the roof sunroof of the vehicle 3 may be equipped with one of the ultrasonic members 1.
  • the main board 21 controls to close the sunroof and open the window motors of all the left and right doors. So that the window is under the window.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system operation of the second preferred embodiment of the car launch escape system according to the present invention.
  • the car launch escape system 2 may further be electrically connected to a vehicle 3 or the vehicle.
  • the application 4 in one of the devices such as the mobile communication device held by the driver.
  • the car launch escape system 2 starts the automatic positioning function of the application 4 after receiving the launch signal, wherein the application 4
  • One of the functions, such as sending a help message or a help phone can also be performed through a voice assistant or automatic dialing.
  • the vehicle 3 is internally networked.
  • the application program 4 is set.
  • the car launch escape system 2 When the car launch escape system 2 receives the launch signal, it electrically connects the application program 4 and starts the automatic positioning function, so that the rescuers know where it fell into water. At the same time as the function is activated, the application 4 can further send a help message through a voice assistant to let rescuers know.
  • the control unit 211 of the motherboard 21 may further electrically connect a horn 36 and a plurality of lights 35 of the vehicle 3 so that after the motherboard 21 receives the falling water signal, The horn 36 is activated to emit a sound, and each of the vehicle lights 35 is activated to blink and emit light.
  • the motherboard 21 of the car launch escape system 2 is electrically connected to the horn 36 of the vehicle 3, and when the car launch escape system 2 receives the launch signal, it drives the horn 36 makes a sound so that the rescuer can use the sound to find the place where the water fell.
  • the automobile water escape system and the ultrasonic component of the present invention use the ultrasonic wave U in two
  • the characteristics of different media for example, air and water
  • the reflectance, the transmittance, the time difference, and the reflection distance of the ultrasonic wave U are respectively set with the reflectance set value and the penetration.
  • Rate setting value, the time difference setting value and the reflection distance setting value to detect whether the car falls into the water or not, which helps to quickly receive and send out water information, and can grasp the opportunity of rescue to reduce the advantage of casualties. .

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Abstract

一种汽车落水逃生系统（2）及其超音波构件（1），该超音波构件（1）包括有一壳体（11）及一超音波模组（12），而汽车落水逃生系统（2）包括有至少一该超音波构件（1）及一主机板（21）。所述汽车落水逃生系统（2）及其超音波构件（1）于一车辆（3）上安装可发射一超音波（U）的一超音波讯号发射讯号单元（121），于该车辆（3）落水时，藉由该超音波（U）由空气碰撞及进入水的声波阻抗原理，计算出该超音波（U）的反射率R及穿透率T与设定值的差异，以及测得该超音波（U）的反射时间差及反射距离与设定值的差异。藉以快速发出汽车落水讯息，确实达到把握汽车落水的救援先机以减少人员伤亡。

Description

汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件 技术领域
本发明是有关于一种汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件，特别是有关于一种协助将汽车落水资讯快速接收并发出以把握救援先机的汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件。
背景技术
按，在政府的宣导资料中常教育民众当驾车不慎落水时，因车头负载引擎的重量而容易下沉，若遇上述情况时，乘坐于车辆内的民众应保持冷静，于第一时间解开束缚的安全带后尽快打开车窗，趁车辆下沉前由车窗口爬出；若是汽车已完全沉入水中，车门将会受水压的内外差影响而不易打开，电动车窗也会因为进水而无法启动，此时，汽车约90秒就会完全下沉，受困者必须及时找到车上尖锐物品敲击前后挡风玻璃，才能有逃生的机会，若无法在短短的90秒内掌握逃生的机会，受困民众的求生机会将非常渺茫。
中国台湾专利第M416576号的“汽车落水自救系统”即用以解决上述的问题，该专利包括车体、充气机构、水位感测器及控制单元；车体设有侧面，充气机构位于车体的侧面并包括有高压气瓶、浮球及浮球控制模组，高压气瓶设于车体内，浮球设于车体外，浮球控制模组连结于高压气瓶与浮球并包括固定环、气瓶充气开关启动器及驱动器；水位感测器设于车体外，控制单元与水位感测器及浮球控制模组电连结；藉此，当水位感测器测得水位过高时能够启动充气机构，使充气机构的浮球迅速充气，避免车体沉没，进而拯救驾驶的性命；更进一步地，于车灯顶部设有求救灯，求救灯能够闪烁发光而让驾驶者等待救援；然而，当车辆落水时，该水位感测器与该浮筒因水的浮力作用而往上，但受到弹簧的张力为阻力的缘故，影响了浮筒的作动时间而延误感测器的讯号发射时间，并延缓浮球充气的时机，最后导致车内受困人员被救援的时机；因此，如何藉由创新的设计，有效帮助于汽车落水时将求救讯息快速发出，以掌握救援的先机，乃是汽车落水逃生系统需持续努力克服与解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明主要目的为提供一种汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件，其目的在于提供一种协助将汽车落水资讯快速接收并发出以把握救援先机的汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件，主要于车辆上安装可发射超音波的超音波讯号发射讯号单元。于车辆落水时，藉由超音波由空气碰撞及进入水的声波阻抗原理，计算出该超音波的反射率及穿透率与设定值的差异；以及，于车辆落水时测得该超音波的反射时间差及反射距离与设定值的差异。进而，快速发出汽车落水讯息，确实达到把握汽车落水的救援先机以减少人员伤亡的优势。
根据本发明的目的，提出一种超音波构件，至少包括有：一壳体，其内部容设有一容置空间，该壳体的至少一侧部开设有至少一穿孔，以及至少二对应设置于该穿孔二侧的遮蔽片，其中该遮蔽片与该壳体的该侧部夹设一角度；以及，一超音波模组，设置于该容置空间内，该超音波模组包括有一超音波讯号发射单元、一接收单元、一电性连接该接收单元的计算单元，以及一电性连接该计算单元的讯号发射单元；其中，该超音波讯号发射单元投射一超音波，该接收单元接收该超音波；该接收单元分析该超音波的速度并转换为一穿透率或一反射率，或者该接收单元分析该超音波讯号发射单元投射该超音波的时间与该接收单元接收该超音波的时间之间差距的一时间差，或者该接收单元并根据该时间差分析出一反射距离；该计算单元将该接收单元所传递的该穿透率与内建的一穿透率设定值比较，或者该计算单元将该接收单元所传递的该反射率与内建的一反射率设定值比较，或者该计算单元将该接收单元所传递的该时间差与内建的一时间差设定值比较，或者该计算单元将该接收单元所传递的该反射距离与内建的一反射距离设定值比较；当该穿透率与该穿透率设定值有差异时，或者该反射率与该反射率设定值有差异时，或者该时间差与该时间差设定值有差异时，或者该反射距离与该反射率设定值有差异时，该计算单元产生一落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元，该讯号发射单元藉由一有线方式或一无线方式发出该落水讯号。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该超音波讯号发射单元及该接收单元设置于该容置空间的相同侧，且该超音波讯号发射单元于发射该超音波时，同步 传递一起始时间至该接收单元；该超音波具有一反射波，该接收单元接收该反射波并标记一接收时间，该接收单元将该接收时间减去该起始时间即为该时间差。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中当该时间差小于该时间差设定值时，该计算单元产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中当该超音波碰撞该壳体的底部并产生该反射波时，该时间差即为该时间差设定值。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该反射距离为二分之一的该时间差乘以该超音波的速度，或该反射距离为该时间差乘以该超音波的速度。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中当该反射距离小于该反射距离设定值时，该计算单元产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该超音波讯号发射单元与该接收单元设置于该容置空间的相对侧。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该超音波讯号发射单元朝向该接收单元发射该超音波。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该超音波具有一穿透波，当该接收单元分析出该穿透波的速度大于该超音波的速度之后，该接收单元分析该穿透率。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中当该穿透率大于该穿透率设定值时，该计算单元产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该穿透率设定值为0。
当该接收单元分析出该穿透波的速度大于该超音波的速度之后，该接收单元分析该反射率。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该接收单元依据该穿透率而进一步地分析出该反射率；当该反射率小于该反射率设定值时，该计算单元产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该反射率设定值为1。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该角度介于5度至65度之间。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该超音波讯号发射单元为一超音波讯号发射元件或一超音波讯号发射装置。
如上所述的超音波构件，其中该穿孔内侧部进一步设置有一透水层，该透水层为一含纤维材层或布层。
此外，根据本发明的目的，本发明人另提出一种汽车落水逃生系统，设置于一车辆上，该汽车落水逃生系统至少包括有；至少一如前所述的该超音波构件；以及一主机板，电性连接该超音波构件，当该主机板接收该讯号发射单元发射的该落水讯号后，该主机板电性连接该车辆的一马达以开启至少一车窗，以及电性连接该车辆的一电磁开关以解开至少一安全带。
如上所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其中该汽车落水逃生系统进一步设置有一不断电系统，该不断电系统使该汽车落水逃生系统所需的电力不中断。
如上所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其中该汽车落水逃生系统进一步电性连接一安装于该车辆或该车辆驾驶者所持有的行动通讯装置其中的一装置内部的应用程式(Application，APP)，该汽车落水逃生系统于接收该落水讯号后，启动该应用程式的自动定位功能。
如上所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其中该应用程式进一步透过一语音助理或自动拨号其中的一方式进行发送一求救简讯或一求救电话其中的一功能。
如上所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其中该主机板进一步电性连接该车辆的一喇叭，以于该主机板接收该落水讯号后启动该喇叭发出声响。
如上所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其中该主机板设一控制单元，该控制单元电性分别连结该马达、复数个车灯及至少一个该喇叭。
附图说明
图1A：本发明超音波构件其一较佳实施例的装置设置方块图。
图1B：本发明超音波构件其一较佳实施例的装置设置示意图(一)。
图1C：本发明超音波构件其一较佳实施例的装置设置示意图(二)。
图2：本发明超音波构件其二较佳实施例的装置设置方块图。
图3：本发明汽车落水逃生系统其一较佳实施例的系统设置方块图。
图4：本发明汽车落水逃生系统其一较佳实施例的系统运作示意图。
图5：本发明汽车落水逃生系统其二较佳实施例的系统设置示意图。
图6：本发明汽车落水逃生系统其二较佳实施例的系统运作示意图。
图号说明：
1    超音波构件
11   壳体
111  容置空间
112  穿孔
113  遮蔽片
114  透水层
12   超音波模组
121  超音波讯号发射单元
122  接收单元
123  计算单元
124  讯号发射单元
2    汽车落水逃生系统
21   主机板
211  控制单元
22   不断电系统
3    车辆
31   马达
32   车窗
33   电磁开关
34   安全带
35   车灯
36   喇叭
4    应用程式
O    障碍物
U    超音波
U1   穿透波
U2   反射波
θ   角度
具体实施方式
首先，请参阅图1A至图1C所示，其中本发明的超音波构件1至少包括有：一壳体11及一超音波模组12。
该壳体11，其内部容设有一容置空间111，该壳体(11)的二相对侧部各开设有至少一穿孔112，以及至少二对应设置于该穿孔112二侧的遮蔽片113，其中该遮蔽片113与该壳体11的该侧部夹设一角度θ；此外，该角度θ介于5度至65度之间。在本发明其一较佳实施例中，该壳体11为一方形态样的外壳且内部形成有一个该容置空间111，该容置空间111填具有空气，该壳体11的左、右二个该侧部各开设有至少一个该穿孔112，每个该穿孔112的上、下侧各设置有一个该遮蔽片113。较佳地，该穿孔112的上、下侧的该遮蔽片113彼此平行，该穿孔112的其中一个该遮蔽片113与该壳体11的该侧部夹设成介于5度至65度的该角度θ，另一个该遮蔽片113与该壳体11的该侧部夹设成该角度θ的互补角。其中该遮蔽片113与该壳体11之间的该角度θ为了防止使用者洗车或雨天或其他非落水因素的水直接溅入该壳体11内而产生误判的情形。
该超音波模组12，设置于该容置空间111内，该超音波模组12包括有一超音波讯号发射单元121、一接收单元122、一电性连接该接收单元122的计算单元123，以及一电性连接该计算单元123的讯号发射单元124，较佳地该接收单元122与该超音波讯号发射单元121电性连接，或者该计算单元123与该超音波讯号发射单元121电性连接。其中，该超音波讯号发射单元121连续地或每间隔一周期地投射一超音波U，该接收单元122接收该超音波U，较佳地该超音波讯号发射单元121传递该超音波U的速度、频率或波长给该接收单元122；该接收单元122分析该超音波U的速度并转换为一穿透率或一反射率，或者该接收单元122分析该超音波讯号发射单元121投射该超音波U的时间与该接收单元122接收该超音波U的时间之间差距的一时间差，或者该接收单元122并根据该时间差分析出一反射距离。
以下为更详细的说明，该超音波U于接触一障碍物O(参阅图1B及图1C)后，该超音波U分为穿透该障碍物O后所产生的一穿透波U1及碰撞该障碍物O后所产生的一反射波U2，换言之该超音波U具有该穿透波U1及该反射波U2；该接收单元122并分析该超音波U的该穿透波U1的速度并转换为对该障碍物O 的该穿透率或该反射率，或者该接收单元122并分析该超音波讯号发射单元121投射该超音波U的时间与该接收单元122接收该反射波U2的时间之间差距的该时间差，或者该接收单元122并根据该时间差分析出该障碍物O与该超音波模块12的该反射距离。
接着，该计算单元123将该接收单元122所传递的该穿透率与内建的一穿透率设定值比较，或者该计算单元123将该接收单元122所传递的该反射率与内建的一反射率设定值比较，或者该计算单元123将该接收单元122所传递的该时间差与内建的一时间差设定值比较，或者该计算单元123将该接收单元122所传递的该反射距离与内建的一反射距离设定值比较。当该穿透率与该穿透率设定值有差异时，或者该反射率与该反射率设定值有差异时，或者该时间差与该时间差设定值有差异时，或者该反射距离与该反射率设定值有差异时，该计算单元123产生一落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，该讯号发射单元124藉由一有线方式或一无线方式发出该落水讯号。例如，当该穿透率大于该穿透率设定值时，或者该反射率小于该反射率设定值时，或者该时间差小于该时间差设定值时，或者该反射距离小于该反射率设定值时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。此外，该超音波讯号发射单元121为一超音波讯号发射元件或一超音波讯号发射装置等其中的一种。在本发明其一较佳实施例中，以该超音波讯号发射元件态样呈现的该超音波讯号发射单元121发射该超音波，而该接收单元122接收该超音波讯号发射单元121所投射的该超音波，并分析该穿透率、该反射率、该时间差或该反射距离。
请同时参阅图1B，该超音波讯号发射单元121及该接收单元122设置于该容置空间111的相同侧，例如该超音波讯号发射单元121及该接收单元122设置于该容置空间111的上半部，且该超音波讯号发射单元121于发射该超音波U时，同步传递一起始时间至该接收单元122。该超音波讯号发射单元121朝向该容置空间111的下半部发射该超音波U，接着该超音波U碰撞位于该容置空间111的下半部的该障碍物O后产生该反射波U2，在本实施例中该障碍物O为水，例如水从该穿孔112进入该容置空间111；该容置空间111中未被水占据的部分为空气。该接收单元122接收该反射波U2并标记一接收时间，该接收单元122将该接收时间减去该起始时间即为该时间差，该接收单元12)并将该时间差传 递给该计算单元123。该计算单元123内建有该时间差设定值，该计算单元123核对、比较或计算该时间差与该时间差设定值的差异，当该时间差与该时间差设定值有差异时，例如当该时间差小于该时间差设定值时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，接着该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。特别说明的是，当该容置空间111中没有该障碍物O时，该超音波U碰撞该壳体11的底部并产生该反射波U2，此时所测得的该时间差即可做为该时间差设定值。
此外，该接收单元122并根据该时间差分析出该障碍物O与该超音波模组12的该反射距离，该反射距离为二分之一的该时间差乘以该超音波U的速度或该反射距离为该时间差乘以该超音波U的速度，或者该反射距离为二分之一的该时间差乘以该反射波U2的速度，该接收单元122并将该反射距离传递给该计算单元123。该计算单元123内建有该反射距离设定值，该计算单元123核对、比较或计算该反射距离与该反射距离设定值的差异，当该反射距离与该反射率设定值有差异时，例如当该反射距离小于该反射距离设定值时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，接着该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。特别说明的是，当该容置空间111中没有该障碍物O时，该超音波U碰撞该壳体11的底部并产生该反射波U2，此时所测得的该时间差即可做为该时间差设定值，该反射距离设定值为二分之一的该时间差设定值乘以该超音波U的速度，或者该反射距离设定值为二分之一的该时间差设定值乘以该反射波U2的速度。
请同时参阅图1C，该超音波讯号发射单元121与该接收单元122设置于该容置空间111的相对侧，例如该超音波讯号发射单元121设置于该容置空间111的上半部，该接收单元122设置于该容置空间111的下半部，该超音波讯号发射单元121朝向该容置空间111的下半部发射该超音波U，较佳地该超音波讯号发射单元121朝向该接收单元122发射该超音波U。接着该超音波穿透位于该容置空间111的下半部的该障碍物O后产生该穿透波U1，在本实施例中该障碍物O为水，且该障碍物O覆盖该接收单元122，例如水从该穿孔112进入该容置空间111并覆盖该接收单元122；该容置空间111中未被水占据的部分为空气。该接收单元122接收该穿透波U1并分析该穿透波U1的速度及该穿透率，例如当该接收单元122分析出该穿透波U1的速度大于该超音波U的速度之后，接着 该接收单元122就计算该穿透率；该接收单元122并将该穿透率传递给该计算单元123。该计算单元123内建有该穿透率设定值，较佳地该穿透率设定值为0，该计算单元123核对、比较或计算该穿透率与该穿透率设定值的差异，当该穿透率与该穿透率设定值有差异时，例如当该穿透率大于该穿透率设定值时，或者当该穿透率大于0时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。特别说明的是，水的不可压缩率为2.2×10 9(Pa)，空气的不可压缩率为1×10 5(Pa)，水的不可压缩率大于空气的不可压缩率，由于音波的速度会随着介质的不可压缩率增加而变快，因此当汽车落水后，水会覆盖该接收单元122，导致该穿透波U1的速度大于该超音波U的速度。
该接收单元122使用下列公式分析该穿透率：
Figure PCTCN2018112209-appb-000001
其中，T为该穿透率，ρ 1为空气密度，C 1为该超音波U的速度，ρ 2为水的密度，C 2为该超音波U的该穿透波U 1的速度；其中，ρ 1、ρ 2及C 1各自独立地为不同的常数并储存于该接收单元122，C 2由该接收单元122所测得。于图1C实施例中，该障碍物O为水，该容置空间111中未被该障碍物O填满的部分为空气，因此举例ρ 1＝0.0012g/cm 3，C 1＝0.331×10 5cm/sec，ρ 2＝1.00g/cm 3，C 2＝1.43×10 5cm/sec，经计算后T＝0.00117。于该穿透率设定值为0的实施例中，该计算单元123核对、比较或计算该穿透率与该穿透率设定值的差异，当该穿透率(T＝0.00117)大于该穿透率设定值(为0)时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。
该接收单元122使用下列公式分析该反射率：
Figure PCTCN2018112209-appb-000002
其中，R为该反射率，ρ 1为空气密度，C 1为该超音波U的速度，ρ 2为水的密度，C 2为该超音波U的该穿透波U1的速度；其中，ρ 1、ρ 2及C 1各自独立地为不同的常数并储存于该接收单元122，C 2由该接收单元122所测得。于图1C实施例中，该障碍物O为水，该容置空间111中未被该障碍物O填满的部分为空气，因此举例ρ 1＝0.0012g/cm 3，C 1＝0.331×10 5cm/sec，ρ 2＝1.00g/cm 3，C 2＝1.43x10 5cm/sec，经计算后R＝0.99883。于该反射率设定值为1的实施例中，该计算单元123核对、比较或计算该反射率与该反射率设定值的差异，当该反射率(R＝0.99883)小于该反射率设定值(为1)时，该计算单元123产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元124，该讯号发射单元124藉由有线方式或无线方式发出该落水讯号。
前述超音波构件1尤其适用于汽车落水后，藉由该超音波U在两个不同介质物(例如分别为空气与水)之间的特性，所导致该超音波U的该反射率、该穿透率、该时间差及该反射距离分别与该反射率设定值、该穿透率设定值、该时间差设定值及该反射距离设定值的差异，来检测汽车落水与否，有助于落水资讯快速接收及发出，而能够把握救援的先机。
此外，该穿孔112内侧部进一步设置有一透水层114，而该透水层114为一含纤维材层或布层；请一并参阅图2所示，为本发明超音波构件其二较佳实施例的装置设置方块图，其中以含纤维材层或布层态样显示的该透水层114设置于该等穿孔112的内部，可用以阻挡外部的灰尘，达到预防因灰尘而产生的误判而影响落水资讯的运作。
再者，为了达到上述的目的，本发明人另提出一种汽车落水逃生系统2，请参阅图3与图4所示，为本发明汽车落水逃生系统其一较佳实施例的系统设置方块图，以及系统运作示意图，其中本发明的汽车落水逃生系统2至少包括有：至少一如上述的超音波构件1及一主机板21。
该主机板21，电性连接该超音波构件1，该主机板21接收该讯号发射单元124发射的该落水讯号，该主机板21电性连接一车辆(3)的一马达31以开启至少一车窗32，以及电性连接该车辆3的一电磁开关33以解开至少一安全带34。此外，该汽车落水逃生系统2进一步设置有一不断电系统22，该不断电系统22使该汽车落水逃生系统2所需的电力不中断。在本发明其一较佳实施例中，该汽车落水逃生系统2包括一个上述的超音波构件1，以及一个该主机板21，该主 机板21设有一控制单元211，而该控制单元211电性连接该车辆3的该马达31与该电磁开关33，其中该马达31电性连接该车辆3的该车窗32，而该电磁开关33电性连接该车辆3的该安全带34，当该车辆3落水后而该主机板21接获电性连接的该发射单元124所发射的该落水讯号后，该主机板21经由该马达31开启至少一个该车窗32，以及经由该电磁开关33解开至少一个该安全带34，以利该车辆3内的人员顺利逃生；此外，该不断电系统22于该车辆3落水而电力中断后，以提供该汽车落水逃生系统2所需的电力。
再者，可分别于该车辆3的车头前侧，及车尾后侧，及前左车门内，及前右车门内，及后左车门内，及后右车门内各安装至少一个该超音波构件1；当车头前侧的该超音波构件1侦测到异常(该落水讯号)时，换言之该主机板21接收到该讯号发射单元124发射的该落水讯号后，该主机板21通知启动前后的左右两侧车门的车窗及天窗的马达，使车窗下降及天窗打开；当车尾后侧的该超音波构件1侦测异常时，该主机板21通知启动开启前后的左右两侧车门的车窗及天窗的马达，使车窗下降及天窗打开；当前左车门内的该超音波构件1或后左车门的该超音波构件1侦测异常时，该主机板21通知启动开启前右车门的车窗及后右车门的车窗，逃生方向为落水方向的相反侧；当前右车门内的该超音波构件1或后右车门的该超音波构件1侦测异常时，该主机板21通知启动开启前左车门的车窗及后左车门的车窗。进一步，该车辆3的车顶天窗可安装一个该超音波构件1，当车顶的该超音波构件1侦测异常时，该主机板21控制关闭天窗并开启所有左右两侧车门的车窗马达，使车窗下窗。
此外，请一并参阅图5所示，为本发明汽车落水逃生系统其二较佳实施例的系统运作示意图，其中该汽车落水逃生系统2可进一步电性连接一安装于该车辆3或该车辆3驾驶者所持有的行动通讯装置等其中的一种装置内部的应用程式4，该汽车落水逃生系统2于接收该落水讯号后，启动该应用程式4的自动定位功能，其中该应用程式4亦可进一步透过一语音助理或自动拨号等其中的一种方式进行发送一求救简讯或一求救电话等其中的一种功能；在本发明其一较佳实施例中，该车辆3内部连网而设置该应用程式4，当该汽车落水逃生系统2于接收该落水讯号后，则电性连接该应用程式4而启动自动定位功能，以让救援者知悉其落水处；再者，当自动定位功能启动的同时，该应用程式4亦可进一步透过一语音助理进行求救简讯的发送，同步让救援者知悉。
再者，请参阅图5及图6，该主机板21的控制单元211亦可进一步电性连接该车辆3的一喇叭36及复数个车灯35，以于该主机板21接收该落水讯号后启动该喇叭36发出声响，以及启动各该车灯35闪烁发光。在本发明其一较佳实施例中，该汽车落水逃生系统2的该主机板21电性连接该车辆3的该喇叭36，当该汽车落水逃生系统2接收该落水讯号后，则驱动该喇叭36发出声响，以使该救援者透过该声响找出落水的地点。
由上述的实施说明可知，本发明汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件与现有技术与产品相较之下，本发明的汽车落水逃生系统及其超音波构件藉由该超音波U在两个不同介质物(例如分别为空气与水)的间的特性，所导致该超音波U的该反射率、该穿透率、该时间差及该反射距离分别与该反射率设定值、该穿透率设定值、该时间差设定值及该反射距离设定值的差异，来检测汽车落水与否，有助于落水资讯快速接收及发出，而能够把握救援的先机以减少人员伤亡的优势。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种超音波构件，其特征在于，至少包括有：
    一壳体(11)，其内部容设有一容置空间(111)，该壳体(11)的至少一侧部开设有至少一穿孔(112)，以及至少二对应设置于该穿孔(112)二侧的遮蔽片(113)，其中该遮蔽片(113)与该壳体(11)的该侧部夹设一角度(θ)；以及
    一超音波模组(12)，设置于该容置空间(111)内，该超音波模组(12)包括有一超音波讯号发射单元(121)、一接收单元(122)、一电性连接该接收单元(122)的计算单元(123)，以及一电性连接该计算单元(123)的讯号发射单元(124)；
    其中，该超音波讯号发射单元(121)投射一超音波(U)，该接收单元(122)接收该超音波(U)；该接收单元(122)分析该超音波(U)的速度并转换为一穿透率或一反射率，或者该接收单元(122)分析该超音波讯号发射单元(121)投射该超音波(U)的时间与该接收单元(122)接收该超音波(U)的时间之间差距的一时间差，或者该接收单元(122)并根据该时间差分析出一反射距离；该计算单元(123)将该接收单元(122)所传递的该穿透率与内建的一穿透率设定值比较，或者该计算单元(123)将该接收单元(122)所传递的该反射率与内建的一反射率设定值比较，或者该计算单元(123)将该接收单元(122)所传递的该时间差与内建的一时间差设定值比较，或者该计算单元(123)将该接收单元(122)所传递的该反射距离与内建的一反射距离设定值比较；当该穿透率与该穿透率设定值有差异时，或者该反射率与该反射率设定值有差异时，或者该时间差与该时间差设定值有差异时，或者该反射距离与该反射率设定值有差异时，该计算单元(123)产生一落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元(124)，该讯号发射单元(124)藉由一有线方式或一无线方式发出该落水讯号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该超音波讯号发射单元(121)及该接收单元(122)设置于该容置空间(111)的相同侧，且该超音波讯号发射单元(121)于发射该超音波(U)时，同步传递一起始时间至该接收单元(122)；该超音波(U)具有一反射波(U2)，该接收单元(122)接收该反射波(U2)并标记一接收时间，该接收单元(122)将该接收时间减去该起始时间即为该时间差。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，当该时间差小于该时间差设定值时，该计算单元(123)产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元(124)。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，当该超音波(U)碰撞该 壳体(11)的底部并产生该反射波(U2)时，该时间差即为该时间差设定值。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该反射距离为二分之一的该时间差乘以该超音波(U)的速度，或该反射距离为该时间差乘以该超音波(U)的速度。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，当该反射距离小于该反射距离设定值时，该计算单元(123)产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元(124)。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该超音波讯号发射单元(121)与该接收单元(122)设置于该容置空间(111)的相对侧。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该超音波讯号发射单元(121)朝向该接收单元(122)发射该超音波(U)。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该超音波(U)具有一穿透波(U1)，当该接收单元(122)分析出该穿透波(U1)的速度大于该超音波(U)的速度之后，该接收单元(122)使用下列公式分析该穿透率：
    Figure PCTCN2018112209-appb-100001
    其中，T为该穿透率，ρ 1为空气密度，C 1为该超音波(U)的速度，ρ 2为水的密度，C 2为该穿透波(U1)的速度；ρ 1、ρ 2及C 1各自独立地为不同的常数并储存于该接收单元(122)，C 2由该接收单元(122)所测得。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，当该穿透率大于该穿透率设定值时，该计算单元(123)产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元(124)。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该穿透率设定值为0。
  12. 如权利要求7所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该超音波(U)具有一穿透波(U1)，当该接收单元(122)分析出该穿透波(U1)的速度大于该超音波(U)的速度之后，该接收单元(122)使用下列公式分析该反射率：
    Figure PCTCN2018112209-appb-100002
    其中，R为该反射率，ρ 1为空气密度，C 1为该超音波(U)的速度，ρ 2为水的密度，C 2为该超音波(U)的该穿透波(U1)的速度；其中，ρ 1、ρ 2及C 1各自独立地为不同的常数并储存于该接收单元(122)，C 2由该接收单元(122)所测得；当该反射率小于该反射率设定值时，该计算单元(123)产生该落水讯号并传递给该讯号发射单元(124)。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该反射率设定值为1。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的超音波构件，其特征在于，该角度(θ)介于5度至65度之间。
  15. 一种汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，设置于一车辆(3)上，该汽车落水逃生系统(2)至少包括有：
    至少一如权利要求1所述的超音波构件(1)；以及
    一主机板(21)，电性连接该超音波构件(1)，当该主机板(21)接收该讯号发射单元(124)发射的该落水讯号后，该主机板(21)电性连接该车辆(3)的一马达(31)以开启至少一车窗(32)，以及电性连接该车辆(3)的一电磁开关(33)以解开至少一安全带(34)。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，该汽车落水逃生系统(2)设置有一不断电系统(22)，该不断电系统(22)使该汽车落水逃生系统(2)所需的电力不中断。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，该汽车落水逃生系统(2)电性连接一安装于该车辆(3)或该车辆(3)驾驶者所持有的行动通讯装置其中的一装置内部的应用程式(4)，该汽车落水逃生系统(2)于接收该落水讯号后，启动该应用程式(4)的自动定位功能。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，该应用程式(4)透过一语音助理或自动拨号其中的一方式进行发送一求救简讯或一求救电话其中的一功能。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，该主机板(21)电性连接该车辆(3)的一喇叭(36)，以于该主机板(21)接收该落水讯号后启动该喇叭(36)发出声响。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的汽车落水逃生系统，其特征在于，该主机板(21)设一控制单元(211)，该控制单元(211)电性分别连结该马达(31)、复数个车灯(35) 及至少一喇叭(36)。
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