WO2020061849A1 - 拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机 - Google Patents

拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020061849A1
WO2020061849A1 PCT/CN2018/107731 CN2018107731W WO2020061849A1 WO 2020061849 A1 WO2020061849 A1 WO 2020061849A1 CN 2018107731 W CN2018107731 W CN 2018107731W WO 2020061849 A1 WO2020061849 A1 WO 2020061849A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
light
hole
housing
light guide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/107731
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘勇
马天航
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201880012004.8A priority Critical patent/CN110325446A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/107731 priority patent/WO2020061849A1/zh
Publication of WO2020061849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020061849A1/zh
Priority to US17/192,881 priority patent/US20210188436A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/56—Accessories
    • G03B17/561—Support related camera accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/80—Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
    • B64U20/87—Mounting of imaging devices, e.g. mounting of gimbals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/10—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
    • F16M11/121—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction constituted of several dependent joints
    • F16M11/123—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction constituted of several dependent joints the axis of rotation intersecting in a single point, e.g. by using gimbals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/2007—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment
    • F16M11/2035—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment in more than one direction
    • F16M11/2071—Undercarriages with or without wheels comprising means allowing pivoting adjustment in more than one direction for panning and rolling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
    • F16M13/04—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles for supporting on, or holding steady relative to, a person, e.g. by chains, e.g. rifle butt or pistol grip supports, supports attached to the chest or head
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13—Flying platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
    • F16M2200/04—Balancing means
    • F16M2200/041—Balancing means for balancing rotational movement of the head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
    • F16M2200/04—Balancing means
    • F16M2200/044—Balancing means for balancing rotational movement of the undercarriage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/006—Apparatus mounted on flying objects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of photographing technology, and in particular, to a photographing device, a gimbal camera, and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • a camera is a device that uses the principle of optical imaging to form and record images. It integrates optical, mechanical, and electronic products.
  • the camera integrates components such as image information conversion, storage, and transmission, and has digital access modes, interactive processing with computers, and real-time shooting.
  • the imaging process of the camera is: the light enters the camera along the lens or lens group, and is converted into a digital signal by the imaging element, and the digital signal is stored in the storage device through the image computing chip.
  • the imaging element of a camera is a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor).
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
  • no supplementary light is provided on the active stabilization camera, or a supplementary light is installed on the base or other parts. Since the fill light is installed on a base or the like, when the gimbal camera rotates, the fill light cannot rotate and track the subject in real time according to the rotation of the gimbal camera, and the fill light effect is poor.
  • the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention provides a photographing device, which includes a housing, a fill light installed in the housing, and a lens module provided in the housing.
  • the fill light and the The relative position and attitude of the lens module are fixed, and the optical axis of the fill light is parallel to the optical axis of the lens module, and the rotation of the housing drives the lens module and the compensation.
  • the light turns.
  • the present invention provides a gimbal camera, including a gimbal and a photographing device.
  • the photographing device includes a casing, a fill light installed in the casing, and a casing.
  • Lens module, the relative position and attitude of the fill light and the lens module are fixed, and the optical axis of the fill light is parallel to the optical axis of the lens module, and the gimbal
  • the camera device is driven to rotate and adjust the shooting direction of the camera device, and the rotation of the casing drives the lens module and the fill light to rotate.
  • the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, including an aircraft main body and a gimbal camera.
  • the gimbal camera includes a gimbal and a photographing device.
  • the photographing device includes a casing, and the casing is installed in the casing.
  • the lens module provided in the housing, the relative position and attitude of the fill light and the lens module are fixed, and the light axis of the fill light and the lens are configured
  • the optical axes of the modules are parallel
  • the gimbal drives the camera to rotate and adjust the shooting direction of the camera
  • the housing rotation drives the lens module and the fill light to rotate
  • the camera is communicatively connected with the aircraft body.
  • the present invention installs a fill light on the housing and maintains a relative position and attitude stability with the lens module, so that the fill light can rotate synchronously with the lens module and track the subject, Fill light effect is good.
  • the optical axis of the fill light is approximately parallel to the optical axis of the lens module, so that the fill light effect of the fill light is stable during the rotation of the shooting device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photographing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a photographing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light guide lens according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fill light according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a gimbal camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic front view structure diagram of a handheld gimbal camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first angle structure of a handheld gimbal camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second angle structure of a handheld gimbal camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle with a gimbal camera, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • housing 10 housing 10; lens hole 11; light hole 12; hood 13; lens portion 131; connection portion 132; housing 14; front case 141; rear case 142; mounting hole 143; mounting portion 144; lens module 20; lens assembly 21; lens plate 22; contact portion 221; heat dissipating component 23; fill light 30; heightened base 31; base 311; conductive joint 312; illuminant 32; lens group 40; light guide lens 41; method The blue part 411; the light guide part 412; the lens protection lens 42; the photographing device 100; the gimbal 200; the pitch axis 201; the heading axis 202; the roll axis 203; the aircraft main body 300; the handpiece 400; and the operation member 401.
  • the photographing device 100 includes a housing 10, a fill light 30 installed in the housing 10, and a lens module 20 provided in the housing 10.
  • the relative position and attitude of the lens module 20 and the lens module 20 are fixed, and the optical axis of the fill light 30 is substantially parallel to the optical axis of the lens module 20.
  • the housing 10 isolates the light emitting portion of the fill light 30 from the lens module 20, and the rotation of the housing 10 drives the lens module 20 and the fill light 30 to rotate.
  • the housing 10 is a hollow structure.
  • the lens module 20 and the fill light 30 are installed in the housing 10.
  • the lens module 20 is installed in the housing 10.
  • the fill light 30 is installed in the housing 10 and can emit light to the outside of the housing 10 along the shooting direction parallel to the lens module 20; or the fill light 30 is installed on the surface of the housing 10 and the fill light 30 can emit light in a shooting direction parallel to the lens module 20.
  • the lens module 20 can receive light that penetrates into the housing 10, wherein the light includes reflected light irradiated by the fill light 30 on the photographic subject, and the lens module 20 converts the light and outputs corresponding image information.
  • the housing 10 isolates the light-emitting portion of the fill light 30 from the lens module 20 to prevent light emitted by the fill light 30 from passing through the housing 10 and affecting the photosensitive performance of the lens module 20 with less interference.
  • the lens module 20 and the fill light 30 are fixed on the housing 10.
  • the photographing device 100 rotates about one of the axes
  • the lens module 20 and the fill light 30 rotate with the housing 10, and the rotation is synchronized.
  • the optical axis of the lens module 20 is arranged substantially parallel to the optical axis of the fill light 30.
  • the light emitted by the fill light 30 is consistent with the direction of the object photographed by the lens module 20.
  • the fill light effect is good and the shooting quality is high.
  • the housing 10 includes a lens hole 11 and a lamp hole 12 arranged in parallel, a lens module 20 is disposed corresponding to the lens hole 11, and a fill light 30 is located in the lamp hole 12.
  • the photographing device 100 further includes a lens group 40 disposed in the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12.
  • the lens hole 11 and the light hole 12 are spaced apart from each other in the housing 10, wherein a center line of the lens hole 11 and a center line of the light hole 12 are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the center axis of the lens module 20 coincides with or parallel to the center line of the lens hole 11.
  • the lens module 20 can shoot the subject through the lens hole 11, and the light can be sensed by the lens module 20 through the lens hole 11. .
  • the central axis of the light of the fill light 30 coincides with or parallel to the center line of the light hole 12.
  • the fill light 30 can emit light toward the subject through the light hole 12, and the light emission direction of the fill light 30 is stable. High light concentration.
  • the light hole 12 penetrates the housing 10, and the fill light 30 is installed in the housing 10 and is spaced from the lens module 20.
  • the housing 10 is provided with a tubular protrusion, and the light hole 12 is formed in a surrounding space of the tubular protrusion.
  • the fill light 30 is installed in the tubular protrusion and separated from the lens module 20 by the wall surface of the housing 10 .
  • a lens group 40 is installed on the housing 10, and the lens group 40 correspondingly closes the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 to prevent foreign objects from entering the housing 10 through the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12.
  • the lens group 40 is made of a light-transmitting material, such as glass, synthetic resin, or the like.
  • a corresponding pattern and shape are set on the lens group 40 to adaptively change the light path received or emitted by the lens group 40 to make the imaging quality of the lens module 20 better.
  • the lens group 40 is composed of a single lens.
  • the lens group 40 is fixed to the housing 10 and closes the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 at the same time.
  • the lens group 40 includes a lens protection lens 42 and a light guide lens 41.
  • the lens protection lens 42 is disposed on the lens hole 11, and the light guide lens 41 is disposed on the lamp hole 12.
  • the lens protection lens 42 and the light guide lens 41 are independently provided and installed on the housing 10 respectively, so that the lens module 20 can receive light transmitted through the lens protection lens 42 and generate corresponding image information.
  • the fill light 30 can emit light outward through the light guide lens 41 so that the lens module 20 can obtain better imaging quality.
  • the lens protection lens 42 and the light guide lens 41 are provided independently, and both are easy to process.
  • the lens protection lens 42 and the light guide lens 41 can respectively adjust the light guide direction and the refraction direction, and have good use flexibility.
  • the light guide lens 41 is plugged into the lamp hole 12.
  • the fill light 30 is provided corresponding to the light hole 12, the light guide lens 41 is plugged and connected to the light hole 12, and the light guide lens 41 and the light hole 12 are closely fitted.
  • the light hole 12 is a hole-like structure.
  • the light hole 12 is a round hole, an elliptical hole, a hole-like structure provided with a positioning plane, and a hole-like structure with an arc-shaped cross section.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the light guide lens 41 matches the light hole 12, that is, the cross section of the light guide lens 41 is substantially the same as the cross section of the light hole 12; or the light guide lens 41 is plugged and connected to the light hole 12, and part of the light guide lens There is a gap between 41 and the inner wall of the lamp hole 12.
  • the light guide lens 41 is plug-in connected to the lamp hole 12 and has high positioning accuracy.
  • the light guide lens 41 is fixed to the assembly position of the housing 10. By adjusting the relative positions of the fill light 30 and the light guide lens 41, the concentration of light transmitted by the fill light 30 through the light guide lens 41 is high. Easy position adjustment.
  • the light guide lens 41 includes a light guide portion 412 and a flange portion 411 protruding from the light guide portion 412.
  • the light guide portion 412 is connected to the light hole 12, and the flange portion 411 is connected to the lens.
  • the protective lens 42 is fitted and assembled to the case 10.
  • the light guide portion 412 and the flange portion 411 are integrally formed.
  • the flange portion 411 abuts against the housing 10 and matches the lens protection lens 42, and the light guide portion 412 is along the lamp hole. 12 extends into the casing 10.
  • the fill light 30 is located in the moving direction of the end of the light guide portion 412.
  • the light guide portion 412 guides the light emitted by the fill light 30 to be transmitted along the light guide lens 41, and emitted outward along the flange portion 411 of the light guide lens 41 .
  • the flange portion 411 defines the insertion depth and the insertion position of the light guide portion 412, so that the end surface of the light guide portion 412 is spaced a predetermined distance from the fill light 30 to maintain the concentration of light projection.
  • the side wall of the light guide lens 41 abuts against the side wall of the lens protection lens 42 and the edge where the two intersect is smoothly connected.
  • a part of the edge of the flange portion 411 and the lens protection lens 42 are adhered to each other, so that the edge of the other portion of the lens protection lens 42 and the edge of the other portion of the flange portion 411 form a smooth transition curve or a predetermined shape.
  • the edges of the lens protection lens 42 and the light guide lens 41 abut each other and the outer edges of the two form a circular structure; or the edges of the lens protection lens 42 and the light guide lens 41 abut each other, and the light guide lens 41 is from the lens
  • the edge of the protective lens 42 is partially convex.
  • the lens protection lens 42 and the flange portion 411 are adhered to each other, and the overall appearance is good.
  • the light guide lens 41 and the lens protection lens 42 are closed together to form a circular lens group 40.
  • the light guide lens 41 is an arc-shaped mirror surface, and the remaining parts are the lens protection lens 42.
  • the center line of the lens hole 11 coincides with the axis of the lens group 40.
  • the light hole 12 is deviated from the lens hole 11 by a preset distance, and the light guide lens 41 can be disposed corresponding to the light hole 12.
  • the light guide lens 41 is spaced a predetermined distance from the fill light 30, and the light guide lens 41 can adjust the irradiation direction of the fill light 30 to transmit light outward from the light guide lens 41.
  • the light guide lens 41 is mounted on the casing 10, and the light emitted by the fill light 30 is emitted outward through the light guide lens 41.
  • the shape of the light guide lens 41 can change and adjust the emission direction of light.
  • a surface of one side of the light guide lens 41 is provided with a curved surface or a textured structure to change the path of light.
  • the position of the fill light 30 relative to the light guide lens 41 is adjusted so that the light emitted by the fill light 30 can be output through the light guide lens 41 according to a preset trajectory, such as light converging to a focal position, light parallel emission, etc. .
  • the light guide lens 41 is a Fresnel lens
  • the fill light 30 is located at a focal point of the light guide lens 41.
  • the fill light 30 is located at the focal point of the light-condensing side of the light guide lens 41.
  • the light emitted from the fill light 30 to the surroundings is refracted by the light guide lens 41 to form a parallel light beam and is emitted to the direction of the photographic object.
  • the light concentration is high. Fill light effect is good.
  • the housing 10 is used for mounting the lens module 20 and other accessories, and is composed of a plurality of components.
  • the housing 10 includes a housing 14 and a light hood 13 mounted on the housing 14.
  • the lens hole 11 and the light hole 12 are arranged in parallel to the light hood 13.
  • the lens module 20 is installed in the housing 14 and faces the lens hole 11. Direction.
  • the housing 14 is a hollow structure. An opening is provided on the housing 14, and an installation space is provided therein.
  • the lens module 20 is located in the installation space and is fixed to the housing 14.
  • the light hood 13 is a part of the housing 10, and the light hood 13 is assembled at the opening portion of the housing 14 so that the lens module 20 is enclosed in the housing 10.
  • the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 are opened in the light hood 13.
  • the lens module 20 is mounted on the housing 14, which is convenient to install and has a large operating space.
  • the hood 13 is mounted on the housing 10 and approaches the lens module 20.
  • the lens module 20 and the hood 13 are close to each other so that the lens module 20 approaches the lens hole 11.
  • the lens module 20 has a good shooting effect and a large shooting range. .
  • the housing 14 is provided with a mounting hole 143, and the light shielding cover 13 is mounted in the mounting hole 143.
  • the lens group 40 is mounted on the hood 13 and closes the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12.
  • the casing 14 defines a mounting hole 143 communicating with the mounting space, and the hood 13 is fitted to the mounting hole 143 so that the mounting space transmits light through the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 on the hood 13.
  • the light shielding cover 13 and the mounting hole 143 adopt a screw connection, an interference fit, a snap connection, a fastener connection, a cemented connection, and other connection methods to tightly connect the light shielding cover 13 to the casing 14.
  • the light-shielding cover 13 and the casing 14 are snap-connected.
  • the lens group 40 is assembled to the lens hood 13 and closes the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 opened in the lens hood 13.
  • the housing 14 closes the opening part through the lens hood 13 and the lens group 40, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the light is refracted by the lens group 40 and enters the housing 10 along the lens hole 11 or the light emitted by the fill light 30 is radiated outward through the light hole 12 to the lens group 40 and is refracted after being refracted by the lens group 40. .
  • the mounting hole 143 is a circular hole structure
  • the light shielding cover 13 has a ring structure.
  • the light shielding cover 13 is inserted into the mounting hole 143 and locked to the housing 14.
  • the outer side wall of the light shielding cover 13 is provided with a flange-shaped protrusion protruding from the surface, the light shielding cover 13 is plugged and connected to the mounting hole 143 and the flange-shaped protrusion abuts against an end wall surface of the mounting hole 143, High positioning accuracy.
  • the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 pass through the hood 13, and the lens group 40 is attached to the surface of the hood 13 to close the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12.
  • a groove is provided on the hood 13, and the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12 are located at the bottom of the groove.
  • the lens group 40 is installed in the groove and closes the lens hole 11 and the lamp hole 12.
  • the lens group 40 is easy to assemble.
  • the edge contour of the lens group 40 matches the shape of the side wall of the groove.
  • the edge profile of the lens group 40 is set to be circular.
  • the hood 13 includes a lens portion 131 and a connection portion 132 that is circumferentially disposed on the lens portion 131.
  • the connection portion 132 is detachably connected to the casing 14.
  • the lens hole 11 and the light hole 12 are provided in the lens portion 131, and the lens hole 11 and the light hole 12 are spaced a predetermined distance apart.
  • the connection portion 132 has a ring structure, and the connection portion 132 and the lens portion 131 form a groove structure; the lens portion 131 is located in the connection portion 132 and is at a predetermined depth from the end of the connection portion 132, such as the depression of the lens portion 131 and the connection portion 132 The depth is 2-8mm.
  • the connecting portion 132 is connected to the mounting hole 143 of the casing 14, and the two are snap-connected or interference-fitted.
  • the surface of the connecting portion 132 is partially convex to form a flange portion 411, which is used to limit the assembly position of the connecting portion 132 and the casing 14, and has high positioning accuracy.
  • the lens hole 11 and the light hole 12 are opened in the lens portion 131.
  • the lens hole 11 is located at the center of the lens portion 131, and the center of the light hole 12 and the center of the lens hole 11 are separated by a predetermined distance. An edge of the lens portion 131 extends to the connecting portion 132.
  • the housing 14 includes a front housing 141 and a rear housing 142 detachably mounted on the front housing 141.
  • An installation space is formed between the front housing 141 and the rear housing 142, and the hood 13 and the lens module 20 are installed.
  • the front case 141 is located in the installation space.
  • the hood 13, the fill light 30 and the lens module 20 are correspondingly mounted to the front case 141.
  • the relative position adjustment between the hood 13, the fill light 30 and the lens module 20 is located on the front case 141, and the operating space is large. Easy to assemble.
  • the front case 141 is assembled to the rear case 142, so that the front case 141 and the rear case 142 are detachably connected, and the assembly efficiency is high.
  • the fill light 30 is mounted on the lens module 20 or the housing 10 and is electrically connected to the lens module 20.
  • the fill light 30 can emit light under the driving of electric energy, and is electrically connected with the lens module 20.
  • the fill light 30 and the lens module 20 share a power supply circuit to reduce the complexity of the connection circuit of the fill light 30 and the lens module 20 and the required installation space.
  • the lens module 20 includes a lens plate 22 and a lens assembly 21 mounted on the lens plate 22.
  • the lens plate 22 is detachably mounted on the casing 10 and adjusts the shooting of the lens assembly 21 relative to the casing 10. direction.
  • the fill light 30 is mounted on the lens plate 22 and is electrically connected to the lens plate 22.
  • the fill light 30 is directly assembled on the lens module 20, wherein the fill light 30 and the lens assembly 21 are both mounted on the lens plate 22.
  • the relative position of the fill light 30 and the lens assembly 21 on the lens plate 22 is adjusted so that the optical axis of the fill light 30 and the optical axis of the lens assembly 21 are substantially parallel.
  • the emission angle and direction of the fill light 30 are adjusted with the lens plate 22.
  • the fill light 30 and the lens assembly 21 have high adjustment efficiency and good consistency.
  • the fill light 30 is mounted on the housing 10 and is electrically connected to the lens assembly 21 through a wire, so that the fill light 30 shares the power supply circuit of the lens assembly 21 or the power supply circuit of the fill light 30 is provided at the lens plate 22.
  • the overall volume of the fill light 30 is small, and the assembly position with the housing 10 is convenient to adjust.
  • the fill light 30 independently adjusts the corresponding light emission direction, and the lens assembly 21 independently adjusts the corresponding shooting direction. The two do not interfere with each other, and the adjustment effect is good.
  • the fill light 30 includes a raised base 31 and a light emitting body 32 mounted on the raised base 31.
  • the raised base 31 is installed on the lens module 20 or the housing 10, and the light emitting body 32 and the lens The module 20 is electrically connected.
  • the luminous body 32 is installed on the heightened base 31 and communicates with the conductive lines in the heightened base 31.
  • the heightened base 31 is installed on the lens module 20 or the housing 10 to adjust the position of the light body 32 relative to the light hole 12 and The position and angle of the light center of the light emitting body 32 can be adjusted conveniently.
  • at least part of the light emitting body 32 extends into the light hole 12 and is close to the lens group 40.
  • the light center of the light emitting body 32 is located at the focal point of the light guide lens 41 of a Fresnel lens type.
  • the light emitting body 32 is set as an LED lamp.
  • the heightening base 31 includes a base body 311 and two conductive joints 312 fixed on the base body 311, and the two conductive joints 312 are electrically connected to the light emitting body 32.
  • the two conductive joints 312 are connected to the lens module 20 through a wire, so that the light emitting body 32 and the lens module 20 are electrically connected.
  • the two conductive joints 312 protrude from the base 311 and are connected to the lens module 20 by soldering, plug-in conductive connection or contact crimp connection, etc., so that the conductive joint 312 and the lens module 20 are conductively connected, and the contact effect is good.
  • two conductive joints 312 are arranged in parallel.
  • the base body 311 of the heightening base 31 is provided with an edge profile matching the light hole 12, and a part of the base body 311 is inserted into the light hole 12 so that the light emitting body 32 can be located at a preset position of the light hole 12 with high positioning accuracy.
  • the luminous body 32 is inserted into the casing 10, the elevated base 31 is attached to the casing 10 and the luminous body 32 is enclosed in the casing 10.
  • the light emitting body 32 is inserted into the light hole 12 of the casing 10 so that the light emitted by the light emitting body 32 is concentrated in the light hole 12.
  • the heightening base 31 is mounted on one end of the light hole 12 which is attached to the housing 10 and closed, so that the light emitted by the luminous body 32 can only be transmitted outward through the lens group 40 through the other end of the light hole 12 and the loss of light Less, high concentration.
  • the lens plate 22 is provided with a contact portion 221, and the fill light 30 is electrically connected to the contact portion 221.
  • the contact portion 221 is disposed on the lens plate 22 and communicates with a power supply circuit or a control circuit in the lens plate 22.
  • the fill light 30 is conductively connected to the contact portion 221, and is convenient for electrical connection.
  • the conductive joint 312 of the fill light 30 is connected to the contact portion 221 through a wire, so that the light emitting body 32 is in electrical communication.
  • the contact portion 221 is a metal conductive contact provided on the surface of the lens plate 22, and the conductive joint 312 of the fill light 30 abuts on the contact portion 221 to make the light emitting body 32 conductively communicate.
  • the lens module 20 further includes a heat dissipation component 23, and the heat dissipation component 23 is attached to a heat generating portion of the lens plate 22.
  • the lens assembly 21 is assembled on the lens board 22. During the process of the lens assembly 21 receiving light and converting image information, the sensor at the lens board 22 generates a large amount of heat, and at the same time, the processor and other components provided on the lens board 22 also Generates a lot of heat.
  • the heat dissipating component 23 is assembled to the housing 10 and is attached to the heat generating portion of the lens plate 22 so that the heat generated at the heat generating portion of the lens plate 22 is dissipated through the heat dissipating component 23 to keep the lens module 20 at an adapted operating temperature. , Graphic processing efficiency is high.
  • the lens module 20 and the light emitting body 32 are mounted on the front case 141, and the heat dissipation component 23 is mounted on the rear case 142.
  • the rear case 142 is assembled to the front case 141 by means of a snap connection, a fastener connection, or the like, and the heat dissipation component 23 is close to or attached to a heat generating portion of the lens module 20.
  • a thermally conductive medium such as a thermally conductive material such as a thermally conductive glue or a thermal pad, is provided between the heat dissipation component 23 and the lens module 20, so that the heat generated by the heat dissipation component 23 can be transferred to the heat dissipation through the heat conductive medium.
  • the component 23, in turn, is radiated to the outside atmosphere radiated by the heat dissipation component 23 and / or the casing 10, and the heat dissipation effect is good.
  • the PTZ camera includes a PTZ 200 and a photographing device 100 provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the PTZ 200 drives the photographing device 100 to rotate and adjust the shooting direction of the photographing device 100.
  • the above-mentioned shooting device 100 is applied to the PTZ camera, so that during the rotation of the PTZ 200 to drive the shooting device 100, the fill light 30 can rotate synchronously with the lens module 20 and always follow the subject, so as to provide a suitable lens module 20
  • the fill light effect improves the imaging quality of the lens module 20.
  • the gimbal 200 includes a pitch axis 201, and the photographing device 100 is mounted on the pitch axis 201.
  • the pitch axis 201 drives the photographing device 100 to rotate about the axis of the pitch axis 201.
  • the casing 10 is provided with a mounting portion 144, and the tilting shaft 201 is fixedly connected to the mounting portion 144, so that the photographing device 100 is rotated during the rotation of the tilting shaft 201.
  • the rotation angle range of the tilt axis 201 is a rotation range of -90 ° to 100 °. Accordingly, the rotation angle range of the photographing device 100 and the tilt axis 201 are the same.
  • the mounting portion 144 is a shaft hole opened in the housing 10, and the pitch shaft 201 is provided with a high-precision stabilization motor, which is connected to the housing 10 and corresponds to the shaft hole. .
  • the rotation axis of the high-precision stabilization motor is coincident with the axis of the rotation shaft hole, and the axis of the rotation shaft hole is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the lens module 20.
  • the mounting portion 144 is a rotation shaft protruding from the casing 10, and the pitch shaft 201 is provided with a high-precision stabilization motor, which is connected to the rotation shaft.
  • the rotation axis of the high-precision stabilization motor is coincident with the axis of the rotation axis, and the axis of the rotation axis is perpendicular to the shooting direction of the lens module 20.
  • the head 200 further includes a heading axis 202 and a roll axis 203 rotatably mounted on the heading axis 202.
  • the heading axis 202 drives the roll axis 203 to rotate about the axis direction of the heading axis 202.
  • the pitch axis 201 is mounted on the roll axis 203, and the roll axis 203 drives the pitch axis 201 to rotate about the axis direction of the roll axis 203.
  • the gimbal 200 is set as a three-axis gimbal 200, which can drive the shooting device 100 to rotate at a large angle.
  • the shooting device 100 can shoot corresponding image information.
  • the shooting angle is convenient to adjust and has good flexibility.
  • the heading axis 202 can be rotated within a heading angle of ⁇ 160 °, so that the heading shooting angle of the photographing device 100 can reach ⁇ 160 °.
  • the roll axis 203 can be rotated within a roll angle of ⁇ 90 °, so that the roll shooting angle of the photographing device 100 can reach ⁇ 90 °.
  • the gimbal 200 drives the shooting device 100 to rotate according to the corresponding control instruction, so that the shooting direction of the shooting device 100 is controllable.
  • the fill light 30 moves synchronously with the rotation of the shooting device 100, and can provide a fill light effect for the lens module 20 in time, so that when the shooting device 100 changes the shooting scene or shoots in low light conditions, the fill light 30 can always follow
  • the light irradiation direction and the shooting direction of the lens module 20 are always consistent.
  • the fill light 30 can fill the subject in time, and the lens module 20 can obtain clear image information of the subject, and the shooting effect is good.
  • the PTZ 200 is communicatively connected to the photographing device 100.
  • the PTZ 200 receives a control instruction to turn on the fill light 30, the fill light 30 is turned on.
  • the fill light 30 may be controlled to be turned on or off by the gimbal 200.
  • the operating terminal sends a control instruction to turn on the fill light 30 to the PTZ 200, and the PTZ 200 controls the fill light 30 in the photographing device 100 to turn on.
  • the fill light hole is closed under control to save energy and improve the endurance of the PTZ camera.
  • the operation terminal may be set on a remote control device, such as a wireless communication device such as a remote controller or a mobile phone. Control software is provided on the operation terminal for sending corresponding control instructions, which is convenient to operate.
  • the gimbal camera further includes a handpiece 400 mounted on the gimbal 200.
  • the gimbal 200 is mounted on the handpiece 400 so that the handpiece 400 can manually control the operation of the gimbal 200 and the photographing device 100.
  • the handpiece 400 includes a handle member and at least one operation member 401 provided on the handle member, wherein the operation member 401 may be a control button or a wheel member.
  • the operating member 401 controls the PTZ 200 and / or the shooting device 100 to perform corresponding functions.
  • the operating member 401 is set as a control button, and the control button is used to control the fill light 30 to be turned on or off; or cooperate with other buttons to control the shooting device 100
  • Multiple functions such as performing shooting operations on the subject, adjusting the brightness of the fill light 30 and the fill light effect, and the like.
  • a corresponding operation member 401 can also be provided on the handle member to control the corresponding axis of the PTZ 200 to rotate, so that the shooting device 100 can obtain a suitable shooting angle and shooting effect.
  • the above-mentioned PTZ camera is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle includes an aircraft body 300 and the PTZ camera provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the PTZ camera and the aircraft body 300 Communication connection are provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the aircraft main body 300 can be set to four-wing, six-wing, eight-wing and other multi-rotor aircraft structures.
  • the gimbal camera is mounted on the aircraft main body 300 so that the UAV can obtain corresponding image information through the shooting device 100 during flight.
  • the user can control the fill light 30 to be turned on according to the change of the environment, or the aircraft main body 300 can control the fill light 30 to be turned on by detecting the ambient ambient light intensity to improve the shooting quality of the photographing device 100.
  • the fill light 30 can move synchronously with the photographing device 100 with good consistency.

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Abstract

一种拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机，拍摄装置(100)包括壳体(10)、装设置于壳体(10)的补光灯(30)和设于壳体(10)内的镜头模组(20)，补光灯(30)与镜头模组(20)的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为补光灯(30)的光轴与镜头模组(20)的光轴平行，壳体(10)转动带动镜头模组(20)和补光灯(30)转动。补光灯(30)安装于壳体(10)并与镜头模组(20)保持相对位置及姿态稳定，使得补光灯(30)能跟镜头模组(20)同步转动并跟踪拍摄对象，补光效果好。补光灯(30)的光轴与镜头模组(20)的光轴平行，使得拍摄装置(100)转动过程中，补光灯(30)的补光效果稳定。

Description

拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机 技术领域
本发明涉及拍摄技术领域，尤其涉及一种拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机。
背景技术
照相机是一种利用光学成像原理形成影像并记录影像的设备，其集光学、机械、电子一体化的产品。在相机中集成了影像信息的转换、存储和传输等部件，并具有数字化存取模式、与电脑交互处理和实时拍摄等特点。
相机的成像过程为：光线沿镜头或者镜头组进入相机内，并通过成像元件转化为数字信号，该数字信号通过影像运算芯片储存在存储设备中。在相关技术中，相机的成像元件是CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件)或者CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体)，当光线通过成像元件时，成像元件能根据光线的不同转化为相应的电子信号，进而被记录和读取。但是，当相机处于暗光或光线不充足等条件下时，相机拍摄出的相片成像质量差，严重影响使用者的体验。
在相关技术中，主动增稳云台相机上未设置补光灯，或者在基座或者其它部位安装补光灯。由于补光灯安装于基座等部位，当云台相机转动时，补光灯无法根据云台相机的转动而实时转动并跟踪拍摄对象，补光效果差。
发明内容
具体地，本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：
依据本发明实施例的一个方面，本发明提供一种拍摄装置，包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动。
依据本发明实施例的二个方面，本发明提供一种云台相机，包括云台和拍摄装置，拍摄装置包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述云台带动所述拍摄装置转动并调整所述拍摄装置的拍摄方向，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动。
依据本发明实施例的三个方面，本发明提供一种无人机，包括飞行器主体和云台相机，云台相机包括云台和拍摄装置，拍摄装置包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固 定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述云台带动所述拍摄装置转动并调整所述拍摄装置的拍摄方向，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动，所述云台相机与所述飞行器主体通信连接。
由以上本发明实施例提供的技术方案可见，本发明通过补光灯安装于壳体并与镜头模组保持相对位置及姿态稳定，使得补光灯能跟镜头模组同步转动并跟踪拍摄对象，补光效果好。补光灯的光轴与镜头模组的光轴大致平行，使得拍摄装置转动过程中，补光灯的补光效果稳定。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一示例性实施例示出的拍摄装置的结构示意图。
图2是本申请一示例性实施例示出的拍摄装置的爆炸结构示意图。
图3是本申请一示例性实施例示出的导光透镜的结构示意图。
图4是本申请一示例性实施例示出的补光灯的结构示意图。
图5是本申请一示例性实施例示出的云台相机的爆炸结构示意图。
图6是本申请一示例性实施例示出的手持式云台相机的主视结构示意图。
图7是本申请一示例性实施例示出的手持式云台相机的第一角度结构示意图。
图8是本申请一示例性实施例示出的手持式云台相机的第二角度结构示意图。
图9是本申请一示例性实施例示出的具有云台相机的无人机的结构示意图。
附图标记：壳体10；镜头孔11；灯孔12；遮光罩13；镜头部131；连接部132；外壳14；前壳141；后壳142；安装孔143；安装部144；镜头模组20；镜头组件21；镜头板22；触点部221；散热组件23；补光灯30；增高基座31；基体311；导电接头312；发光体32；镜片组40；导光透镜41；法兰部411；导光部412；镜头保护透镜42；拍摄装置100；云台200；俯仰轴201；航向轴202；横滚轴203；飞行器主体300；手持件400；操作件401。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合附图，对本发明的拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机进行详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
如图1和图2所示，在一实施例中，拍摄装置100包括壳体10、装设置于壳体10的补光灯30和设于壳体10内的镜头模组20，补光灯30与镜头模组20的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为补光灯30的光轴与镜头模组20的光轴大致平行。壳体10将补光灯30的发光部位与镜头模组20隔离，壳体10转动带动镜头模组20和补光灯30转动。
壳体10为中空结构件，镜头模组20和补光灯30安装于壳体10，其中，镜头模组20安装于壳体10内。可选地，补光灯30安装于壳体10内且能沿平行于镜头模组20的拍摄方向向壳体10外发射光线；或补光灯30安装于壳体10的表面，补光灯30能朝平行于镜头模组20的拍摄方向发射光线。镜头模组20能接收透入壳体10的光线，其中，该光线包括补光灯30照射于拍摄对象的反射光线，镜头模组20将光线转换相应地图像信息并输出。壳体10将补光灯30的发光部位与镜头模组20隔离，避免补光灯30发出的光线透过壳体10并影响镜头模组20的感光性能，干扰少。
镜头模组20与补光灯30均固定于壳体10上，当拍摄装置100绕其中一轴线转动时，镜头模组20与补光灯30随壳体10转动，转动同步性好。镜头模组20的光轴与补光灯30的光轴大致平行设置，补光灯30发出的光线与镜头模组20所拍摄对象的方向一致，补光效果好，拍摄质量高。
在一实施例中，壳体10包括并列设置的镜头孔11和灯孔12，镜头模组20与镜头孔11相对应设置，补光灯30位于灯孔12内。拍摄装置100还包括罩设于镜头孔11和灯孔12的镜片组40。
镜头孔11与灯孔12间隔设于壳体10，其中，镜头孔11的中心线与灯孔12的中心线大致互相平行。镜头模组20的中心轴线与镜头孔11的中心线重合或互相平行，镜头模组20能透过镜头孔11对拍摄对象进行拍摄作业，光线能透过镜头孔11被镜头模组20所感知。补光灯30的光线所处的中心轴线与灯孔12的中心线重合或互相平行，补光灯30能透过灯孔12向拍摄对象方向发射光线，补光灯30的光线发射方向稳定，光线集中度高。
可选地，灯孔12贯穿壳体10，补光灯30安装于壳体10内并与镜头模组20间隔设置。可选地，壳体10设有管状凸起，灯孔12成型于管状凸起的合围空间，补光灯30安装于管状凸起内并与镜头模组20通过壳体10的壁面分隔开。
在壳体10上安装有镜片组40，镜片组40对应封闭镜头孔11及灯孔12，避免外界的异物通过镜头孔11及灯孔12进入到壳体10内。镜片组40有透光材料制成，如由玻璃、合成树脂等透光材料制成。可选地，在镜片组40上设置相应地纹路及形状， 以使镜片组40接收或发射的光线路径适应性改变，以使镜头模组20的成像质量更好。
在一可选地实施例中，镜片组40由整块透镜构成，镜片组40固定于壳体10并同时封闭镜头孔11及灯孔12。
在一可选地实施例中，镜片组40包括镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41，镜头保护透镜42罩设于镜头孔11，导光透镜41罩设于灯孔12。镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41独立设置并分别安装于壳体10上，以使镜头模组20能接收透过镜头保护透镜42的光线并生成相应地图像信息。补光灯30能透过导光透镜41向外发射光线，以使镜头模组20能获取更好的成像质量。镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41独立设置，两者加工方便。镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41能分别调整光线的引导方向和折射方向，使用灵活性好。
如图2和图3所示，在一可选地实施例方式中，导光透镜41与灯孔12插接连接。补光灯30与灯孔12对应设置，导光透镜41插接连接至灯孔12，导光透镜41与灯孔12的配合紧密。可选地，灯孔12为孔状结构，如灯孔12设为圆孔、椭圆孔、设有定位平面的孔状结构、截面呈弧形的孔状结构等。可选地，导光透镜41的截面形状与灯孔12相匹配，即导光透镜41的截面与灯孔12截面基本相同；或者导光透镜41插接连接至灯孔12，部分导光透镜41与灯孔12的内壁之间存在间隙。导光透镜41与灯孔12插接连接，定位精度高。
导光透镜41固定于壳体10的装配位置，通过调整补光灯30与导光透镜41的相对位置，使得补光灯30通过导光透镜41透射的光线集中度高，补光灯30的位置调整方便。
在一可选地实施例中，导光透镜41包括导光部412和凸设于导光部412的法兰部411，导光部412与灯孔12插接连接，法兰部411与镜头保护透镜42相配合并装配至壳体10。
导光部412和法兰部411一体成型，将导光透镜41安装于壳体10时，法兰部411抵靠于壳体10并与镜头保护透镜42相匹配，导光部412沿灯孔12向壳体10内延伸。补光灯30位于导光部412的端部的移动方向上，导光部412引导补光灯30发出的光线沿导光透镜41透射，并沿导光透镜41的法兰部411向外发射。法兰部411限定导光部412的插接深度和插接位置，使得导光部412的端面与补光灯30间隔预设距离，保持光线投射的集中性。
在一可选地实施例中，导光透镜41的侧壁抵接于镜头保护透镜42的侧壁且两者相交的边缘处平滑连接。法兰部411的一部分边缘与镜头保护透镜42相互贴合，以使镜头保护透镜42的其他部分边缘与法兰部411的其他部分边缘构成一平滑过渡的曲面或构成一预设的形状。如，镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41的边缘相互抵接并且两者的外边缘构成一圆形结构；或镜头保护透镜42和导光透镜41的边缘相互抵接，导 光透镜41自镜头保护透镜42的边缘局部凸出。镜头保护透镜42和法兰部411互相贴合，其整体美观性好。
在一可选地实施方式中，导光透镜41和镜头保护透镜42合拢并构成一个圆形镜片组40，导光透镜41为一弧形镜面，其余部分为镜头保护透镜42。可选地，镜头孔11的中心线与镜片组40的轴线重合。灯孔12与镜头孔11偏离预设距离，导光透镜41能与灯孔12对应设置。
在一实施例中，导光透镜41与补光灯30间隔预设距离，导光透镜41能调整补光灯30自导光透镜41向外透射光线的照射方向。导光透镜41安装于壳体10上，补光灯30射出的光线透过导光透镜41向外发射。其中，导光透镜41的形状能改变和调整光线的发射方向。如导光透镜41的一侧表面设有曲面或凹凸结构的纹路，以改变光线的路径。相应地，调整补光灯30相对于导光透镜41的位置，以使补光灯30发出的光线能通过导光透镜41按预设轨迹输出，如光线汇聚至一焦点位置、光线平行发射等。
在一可选地实施方式中，导光透镜41为菲涅尔透镜，补光灯30位于导光透镜41的焦点处。补光灯30位于导光透镜41的聚光一侧的焦点处，相应地，补光灯30向四周发射的光线经导光透镜41折射后形成平行光束发射至拍摄对象方向，光线集中度高，补光效果好。
壳体10用于安装镜头模组20及其他配件，其由多个部件组合而成。在一实施例中，壳体10包括外壳14和安装于外壳14的遮光罩13，镜头孔11和灯孔12并列设于遮光罩13，镜头模组20安装于外壳14内并朝镜头孔11方向延伸。
外壳14设为中空结构，在外壳14上设有开口部位，其内设有安装空间，镜头模组20位于该安装空间被并固定于外壳14。遮光罩13为构成壳体10的一部分，遮光罩13装配于外壳14的开口部位处，以使镜头模组20封闭于壳体10内。其中，镜头孔11和灯孔12开设于遮光罩13。
镜头模组20安装于外壳14，其安装方便，操作空间大。遮光罩13安装于壳体10并朝向镜头模组20方向靠近，镜头模组20与遮光罩13相互靠近以使镜头模组20接近镜头孔11，镜头模组20的拍摄效果好，拍摄范围大。
在一可选地实施例中，外壳14设有安装孔143，遮光罩13安装于安装孔143。镜片组40安装于遮光罩13且封闭镜头孔11和灯孔12。外壳14开设与安装空间连通的安装孔143，遮光罩13装配于该安装孔143，以使安装空间通过遮光罩13上的镜头孔11和灯孔12透射光线。可选地，遮光罩13与安装孔143采用螺旋连接、过盈配合、卡扣连接、紧固件连接、胶结连接及其他连接方式，以使遮光罩13与外壳14紧密连接。在一可选地实施例中，遮光罩13和外壳14卡扣连接。
镜片组40装配至遮光罩13并封闭开设于遮光罩13的镜头孔11和灯孔12，外 壳14通过遮光罩13及镜片组40将开口部位封闭，装配方便。光线经镜片组40折射后沿镜头孔11进入壳体10内，或者补光灯30发出的光线沿灯孔12向外照射至镜片组40并经镜片组40折射后向外发射，光线透射顺畅。
在一可选地实施例中，安装孔143设为圆形孔结构，遮光罩13呈环形结构，遮光罩13插入安装孔143并锁定于外壳14。可选地，遮光罩13的外侧壁设有自表面凸出的法兰状凸起，遮光罩13插接连接于安装孔143且法兰状凸起抵靠至安装孔143的端部壁面，定位精度高。
镜头孔11和灯孔12贯穿遮光罩13，镜片组40贴合于遮光罩13的表面，以封闭镜头孔11和灯孔12。可选地，在遮光罩13上设有凹槽，镜头孔11和灯孔12位于凹槽的底部。镜片组40安装于该凹槽中并封闭镜头孔11和灯孔12，镜片组40装配方便。当镜片组40由多个透镜组合而成时，镜片组40的边缘轮廓与凹槽的侧壁形状相匹配。如，凹槽为圆形或锥形沉孔时，镜片组40的边缘轮廓设为圆形。
在一可选地实施方式中，遮光罩13包括镜头部131和环设于镜头部131的连接部132，连接部132与外壳14可拆卸连接。镜头孔11和灯孔12设于镜头部131，且镜头孔11与灯孔12间隔预设距离。连接部132呈环形结构，连接部132与镜头部131构成凹槽结构；镜头部131位于连接部132内并与连接部132的端部距离预设深度，如镜头部131与连接部132的凹陷深度为2～8mm。连接部132连接外壳14的安装孔143处，两者卡扣连接或过盈配合连接。可选地，在连接部132的表面局部凸起以形成法兰部411，用于限定连接部132与外壳14的装配位置，定位精度高。镜头孔11与灯孔12开设于镜头部131，可选地，镜头孔11位于镜头部131的中心处，灯孔12的中心与镜头孔11的中心间隔预设距离，如灯孔12设于镜头部131的边缘处并延伸至连接部132。
在一可选地实施例中，外壳14包括前壳141和可拆卸安装于前壳141的后壳142，前壳141和后壳142之间形成安装空间，遮光罩13和镜头模组20安装于前壳141且位于安装空间内。
遮光罩13、补光灯30及镜头模组20对应安装至前壳141，遮光罩13、补光灯30及镜头模组20之间的相对位置调节均位于前壳141上，操作空间大，装配方便。再将前壳141装配至后壳142，以使前壳141和后壳142可拆卸连接，装配效率高。
如图2和图4所示，在一实施例中，补光灯30装配于镜头模组20或壳体10，并与镜头模组20电性连接。补光灯30能在电能驱动下发出光线，其与镜头模组20电连接。补光灯30与镜头模组20共享供电电路，以降低补光灯30及镜头模组20连接电路的复杂性及所需的安装空间。
在一可选地实施例中，镜头模组20包括镜头板22和安装于镜头板22的镜头组件21，镜头板22可拆卸安装于壳体10并调整镜头组件21相对于壳体10的拍摄方 向。补光灯30安装于镜头板22，并与镜头板22电性连接。
补光灯30直接装配于镜头模组20，其中，补光灯30与镜头组件21均安装于镜头板22上。通过调节补光灯30与镜头组件21在镜头板22上的相对位置，以使得补光灯30的光轴与镜头组件21的光轴大致平行。当通过镜头板22调整镜头组件21的拍摄方向或角度时，补光灯30的发射角度和方向随镜头板22调整。补光灯30与镜头组件21调整效率高，一致性好。
补光灯30装配于壳体10并通过导线电连接至镜头组件21，以使补光灯30共享镜头组件21的供电电路或将补光灯30的供电电路设于镜头板22处。补光灯30的整体体积小，与壳体10的装配位置调节方便。补光灯30独立调节相应地光线发射方向，镜头组件21独立调节相应地拍摄方向，两者互不干扰，调节效果好。
在一可选地实施例中，补光灯30包括增高基座31和安装于增高基座31的发光体32，增高基座31安装于镜头模组20或壳体10，发光体32与镜头模组20电性连接。
发光体32安装于增高基座31并与增高基座31内的设置导电线路连通，增高基座31安装于镜头模组20或壳体10，以调节发光体32相对于灯孔12的位置及发光体32的光心位置及角度，发光体32的位置调节方便。可选地，至少部分发光体32延伸至灯孔12内并靠近镜片组40。在一具体实施例中，发光体32的光心位于菲涅尔透镜类型的导光透镜41的焦点处。可选地，发光体32设为LED灯。
增高基座31由基体311和固设于基体311的两个导电接头312，两个导电接头312与发光体32导电连接。两个导电接头312通过导线连接至镜头模组20，以使发光体32与镜头模组20电性连接。或者两导电接头312凸出基体311并与镜头模组20通过锡焊连接、插接导电连接或触点压接连接等方式，使导电接头312与镜头模组20之间导电连接，接触效果好。可选地，两个导电接头312平行设置。
可选地，增高基座31的基体311设有与灯孔12相匹配的边缘轮廓，部分基体311插入灯孔12中，以使发光体32能位于灯孔12的预设位置，定位精度高。
在一可选地实施例中，发光体32穿插于壳体10，增高基座31贴合于壳体10并将发光体32封闭于壳体10内。发光体32穿插于壳体10的灯孔12中，以使发光体32发出的光线集中于灯孔12内。增高基座31安装于贴合于壳体10并封闭于灯孔12的一端，以使发光体32发出的光仅能通过灯孔12的另一端透过镜片组40向外透射，光线的损耗少，集中度高。
在一可选地实施例中，镜头板22设有触点部221，补光灯30与触点部221电性连接。触点部221设于镜头板22并与镜头板22内的供电电路或控制电路连通，补光灯30与触点部221导电连接，电性连接方便。可选地，补光灯30的导电接头312通过导线连接至触点部221，以使发光体32导电连通。可选地，触点部221为设于镜 头板22表面的金属导电触点，补光灯30的导电接头312抵接于触点部221，以使发光体32导电连通。
如图2和图5所示，在一可选地实施例中，镜头模组20还包括散热组件23，散热组件23贴合于镜头板22的发热部位。镜头组件21装配于镜头板22上，在镜头组件21接收光线并转化出图像信息过程中，镜头板22处的传感器会产生大量的热量，同时在镜头板22上设置的处理器等元件也会产生大量的热量。散热组件23装配于壳体10并贴合于镜头板22的发热部位处，以使镜头板22的发热部位处产生的热量通过散热组件23散发，保持镜头模组20处于一适应的工作温度下，图形处理效率高。
在一可选地实施例中，镜头模组20及发光体32安装于前壳141上，散热组件23安装于后壳142上。后壳142通过卡扣连接、紧固件连接等方式装配至前壳141，散热组件23贴近或贴合于镜头模组20的发热部位。可选地，在散热组件23与镜头模组20之间设有导热介质，如导热胶、导热垫等导热材料制成的导热介质，以使散热组件23产生的热量能通过导热介质传递至散热组件23，继而通过散热组件23和/或壳体10散发的外界大气中，散热效果好。
如图6至图8所示，在一实施例中，云台相机包括云台200和如上述实施例提供的拍摄装置100，云台200带动拍摄装置100转动并调整拍摄装置100的拍摄方向。将上述的拍摄装置100应用于云台相机，以使云台200带动拍摄装置100转动过程中，补光灯30能与镜头模组20同步转动并始终跟随拍摄对象，为镜头模组20提供适宜的补光效果，提高镜头模组20的成像质量。
在一可选地实施例中，云台200包括俯仰轴201，拍摄装置100安装于俯仰轴201，俯仰轴201带动拍摄装置100绕俯仰轴201的轴线转动。壳体10设有安装部144，俯仰轴201与安装部144固定连接，以使俯仰轴201转动过程中带动拍摄装置100转动。如，俯仰轴201的转动角度范围为-90°～100°的转动范围，相应地，拍摄装置100与俯仰轴201的转动角度范围相同。
在一可选地实施例中，安装部144为开设于壳体10的转轴孔，俯仰轴201设有高精度增稳电机，该高精度增稳电机连接至壳体10并与转轴孔相对应。其中，高精度增稳电机的转动轴线与转轴孔的轴线重合，转轴孔的轴线垂直于镜头模组20的拍摄方向。
在一可选地实施例中，安装部144为凸设于壳体10的旋转轴，俯仰轴201设有高精度增稳电机，该高精度增稳电机连接至旋转轴。其中，高精度增稳电机的转动轴线与旋转轴的轴线重合，旋转轴的轴线垂直于镜头模组20的拍摄方向。
在一实施例中，云台200还包括航向轴202和可转动安装于航向轴202的横滚轴203，航向轴202带动横滚轴203绕航向轴202的轴线方向转动。俯仰轴201安装于横滚轴203，横滚轴203带动俯仰轴201绕横滚轴203的轴线方向转动。
云台200设为三轴云台200，其能带动拍摄装置100大角度灵活转动，拍摄装置100能拍摄相应地图像信息，拍摄角度调节方便，灵活性好。如，航向轴202能在±160°的航向角度内转动，以使拍摄装置100的航向拍摄角度能达到±160°。横滚轴203能在±90°的横滚角度内转动，以使拍摄装置100的横滚拍摄角度能达到±90°。
云台200根据相应的控制指令带动拍摄装置100转动，以使拍摄装置100的拍摄方向可控性好。补光灯30随拍摄装置100的转动同步移动，能及时为镜头模组20提供补光效果，以使拍摄装置100当拍摄场景变化或在暗光条件下拍摄时，补光灯30可始终跟随拍摄对象，光线照射方向和镜头模组20的拍摄方向始终一致。补光灯30能及时对拍摄对象进行补光，镜头模组20能获取拍摄对象的清晰图像信息，拍摄效果好。
在一实施例中，云台200与拍摄装置100通信连接，当云台200接收到开启补光灯30的控制指令时，补光灯30开启。
补光灯30的开启和关闭除了通过手动开启外，还可通过云台200控制开启或关闭。如在环境光线暗淡时，操作端向云台200发送开启补光灯30的控制指令，云台200控制拍摄装置100内的补光灯30开启。同时，补光孔在控制的控制下关闭以节约能源，提高云台相机的续航能力。可选地，操作端可设为遥控设备上，如遥控器，手机等无线通讯设备，在操作端上设有控制软件用于发送相应的控制指令，操作方便。
在一实施例中，云台相机还包括安装于云台200的手持件400。云台200安装于手持件400上，以使手持件400能手动控制云台200及拍摄装置100运行。可选地，手持件400包括手柄件和设于手柄件上的至少一个操作件401，其中操作件401可设为控制按键或滚轮件。操作件401控制云台200和/或拍摄装置100执行相应的功能，如操作件401设为控制按键，该控制按键用于控制补光灯30开启或关闭；或与其他按键配合控制拍摄装置100的多个功能，如对拍摄对象进行拍摄作业，调节补光灯30的亮度及补光效果等。还可在手柄件上设置相应的操作件401以控制云台200的相应轴转动，以使拍摄装置100获取适宜的拍摄角度及拍摄效果。
如图9所示，将上述的云台相机运用于无人机中，在一实施例中，无人机包括飞行器主体300和如上述实施例提供的云台相机，云台相机与飞行器主体300通信连接。
飞行器主体300可设为四翼、六翼、八翼及其它多旋翼飞行器结构，云台相机搭载于飞行器主体300上，以使无人机在飞行过程中能通过拍摄装置100获取相应的图像信息。并且，用户可以根据环境的变化控制补光灯30开启，或者飞行器主体300通过探测外界环境光线强度控制补光灯30开启，以提高拍摄装置100的拍摄质量。补光灯30能与拍摄装置100同步运动，一致性好。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的拍摄装置、云台相机和无人机进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。

Claims (64)

  1. 一种拍摄装置，其特征在于，包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括并列设置的镜头孔和灯孔，所述镜头模组与所述镜头孔相对应设置，所述补光灯位于所述灯孔内，所述拍摄装置还包括罩设于所述镜头孔和所述灯孔的镜片组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述镜片组包括镜头保护透镜和导光透镜，所述镜头保护透镜罩设于所述镜头孔，所述导光透镜罩设于所述灯孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述灯孔插接连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述导光透镜包括导光部和凸设于所述导光部的法兰部，所述导光部与所述灯孔插接连接，所述法兰部与镜头保护透镜相配合并装配至所述壳体。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述补光灯间隔预设距离，所述导光透镜能调整所述补光灯自所述导光透镜向外透射的光线的照射方向。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述导光透镜为菲涅尔透镜，所述补光灯位于所述导光透镜的焦点处。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述导光透镜的侧壁抵接于所述镜头保护透镜的侧壁且两者相交的边缘处平滑连接。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括外壳和安装于所述外壳的遮光罩，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔并列设于所述遮光罩，所述镜头模组安装于所述外壳内并朝所述镜头孔方向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述外壳设有安装孔，所述遮光罩安装于所述安装孔，所述镜片组安装于所述遮光罩且封闭所述镜头孔和所述灯孔。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述外壳包括前壳和可拆卸安装于所述前壳的后壳，所述前壳和所述后壳之间形成安装空间，所述遮光罩和所述镜头模组安装于所述前壳且位于所述安装空间内。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述遮光罩和所述外壳卡扣连接。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述遮光罩包括镜头部和环设于所述镜头部的连接部，所述连接部与所述外壳可拆卸连接，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔设于所述镜头部，且所述镜头孔与所述灯孔间隔预设距离。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述补光灯装配于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，并与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述补光灯包括增高基座和安装于所述增高基座的发光体，所述增高基座安装于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，所述发光体与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述发光体穿插于所述壳体，所述增高基座贴合于所述壳体并将所述发光体封闭于所述壳体内。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述镜头模组包括镜头板和安装于所述镜头板的镜头组件，所述镜头板可拆卸安装于所述壳体并调整所述镜头组件相对于所述壳体的拍摄方向。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述镜头板设有触点部，所述补光灯与所述触点部电性连接。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述镜头模组还包括散热组件，所述散热组件贴合于所述镜头板的发热部位。
  20. 一种云台相机，其特征在于，包括云台和拍摄装置，拍摄装置包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述云台带动所述拍摄装置转动并调整所述拍摄装置的拍摄方向，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括并列设置的镜头孔和灯孔，所述镜头模组与所述镜头孔相对应设置，所述补光灯位于所述灯孔内，所述拍摄装置还包括罩设于所述镜头孔和所述灯孔的镜片组。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述镜片组包括镜头保护透镜和导光透镜，所述镜头保护透镜罩设于所述镜头孔，所述导光透镜罩设于所述灯孔。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述灯孔插接连接。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜包括导光部和凸设于所述导光部的法兰部，所述导光部与所述灯孔插接连接，所述法兰部与镜头保护透镜相配合并装配至所述壳体。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述补光灯间隔预设距离，所述导光透镜能调整所述补光灯自所述导光透镜向外透射的光线的照射方向。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜为菲涅尔透镜，所述补光灯位于所述导光透镜的焦点处。
  27. 根据权利要求22所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜的侧壁抵接于所述镜头保护透镜的侧壁且两者相交的边缘处平滑连接。
  28. 根据权利要求21所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括外壳和安装于所述外壳的遮光罩，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔并列设于所述遮光罩，所述镜头模组安装于所述外壳内并朝所述镜头孔方向延伸。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述外壳设有安装孔，所述遮光罩安装于所述安装孔，所述镜片组安装于所述遮光罩且封闭所述镜头孔和所述灯孔。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述外壳包括前壳和可拆卸安装于所述前壳的后壳，所述前壳和所述后壳之间形成安装空间，所述遮光罩和所述镜头模组安装于所述前壳且位于所述安装空间内。
  31. 根据权利要求28所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述遮光罩和所述外壳卡扣连接。
  32. 根据权利要求28所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述遮光罩包括镜头部和环设于所述镜头部的连接部，所述连接部与所述外壳可拆卸连接，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔设于所述镜头部，且所述镜头孔与所述灯孔间隔预设距离。
  33. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述补光灯装配于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，并与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述补光灯包括增高基座和安装于所述增高基座的发光体，所述增高基座安装于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，所述发光体与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述发光体穿插于所述壳体，所述增高基座贴合于所述壳体并将所述发光体封闭于所述壳体内。
  36. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述镜头模组包括镜头板和安装于所述镜头板的镜头组件，所述镜头板可拆卸安装于所述壳体并调整所述镜头组件相对于所述壳体的拍摄方向。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述镜头板设有触点部，所述补光灯与所述触点部电性连接。
  38. 根据权利要求36所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述镜头模组还包括散热组件，所述散热组件贴合于所述镜头板的发热部位。
  39. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述云台包括俯仰轴，所述拍摄装置安装于所述俯仰轴，所述俯仰轴带动所述拍摄装置绕所述俯仰轴的轴线转动。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述云台还包括航向轴和可转动安装于所述航向轴的横滚轴，所述航向轴带动所述横滚轴绕所述航向轴的轴线方向转动，所述俯仰轴安装于所述横滚轴，所述横滚轴带动所述俯仰轴绕所述横滚轴的轴线方向转动。
  41. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述云台与所述拍摄装置通信连接，当所述云台接收到开启所述补光灯的控制指令时，所述补光灯开启。
  42. 根据权利要求20所述的云台相机，其特征在于，所述云台相机还包括安装于所述云台的手持件。
  43. 一种无人机，其特征在于，包括飞行器主体和云台相机，云台相机包括云台和拍摄装置，拍摄装置包括壳体、装设置于所述壳体的补光灯和设于所述壳体内的镜头模组，所述补光灯与所述镜头模组的相对位置和姿态固定，且被配置为所述补光灯的光轴与所述镜头模组的光轴平行，所述云台带动所述拍摄装置转动并调整所述拍摄装置的拍摄方向，所述壳体转动带动所述镜头模组和所述补光灯转动，所述云台相机与所述飞行器主体通信连接。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括并列设置的镜头孔和灯孔，所述镜头模组与所述镜头孔相对应设置，所述补光灯位于所述灯孔内，所述拍摄装置还包括罩设于所述镜头孔和所述灯孔的镜片组。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述镜片组包括镜头保护透镜和导光透镜，所述镜头保护透镜罩设于所述镜头孔，所述导光透镜罩设于所述灯孔。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述灯孔插接连接。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜包括导光部和凸设于所述导光部的法兰部，所述导光部与所述灯孔插接连接，所述法兰部与镜头保护透镜相配合并装配至所述壳体。
  48. 根据权利要求45所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜与所述补光灯间隔预设距离，所述导光透镜能调整所述补光灯自所述导光透镜向外透射的光线的照射方向。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜为菲涅尔透镜，所述补光灯位于所述导光透镜的焦点处。
  50. 根据权利要求45所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述导光透镜的侧壁抵接于所述镜头保护透镜的侧壁且两者相交的边缘处平滑连接。
  51. 根据权利要求44所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述壳体包括外壳和安装于所述外壳的遮光罩，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔并列设于所述遮光罩，所述镜头模组安装于所述外壳内并朝所述镜头孔方向延伸。
  52. 根据权利要求51所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述外壳设有安装孔，所述遮光罩安装于所述安装孔，所述镜片组安装于所述遮光罩且封闭所述镜头孔和所述灯孔。
  53. 根据权利要求51所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述外壳包括前壳和可拆卸安装于所述前壳的后壳，所述前壳和所述后壳之间形成安装空间，所述遮光罩和所述镜头模组安装于所述前壳且位于所述安装空间内。
  54. 根据权利要求51所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述遮光罩和所述外壳卡扣连接。
  55. 根据权利要求51所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述遮光罩包括镜头部和环设 于所述镜头部的连接部，所述连接部与所述外壳可拆卸连接，所述镜头孔和所述灯孔设于所述镜头部，且所述镜头孔与所述灯孔间隔预设距离。
  56. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述补光灯装配于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，并与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  57. 根据权利要求56所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述补光灯包括增高基座和安装于所述增高基座的发光体，所述增高基座安装于所述镜头模组或所述壳体，所述发光体与所述镜头模组电性连接。
  58. 根据权利要求57所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述发光体穿插于所述壳体，所述增高基座贴合于所述壳体并将所述发光体封闭于所述壳体内。
  59. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述镜头模组包括镜头板和安装于所述镜头板的镜头组件，所述镜头板可拆卸安装于所述壳体并调整所述镜头组件相对于所述壳体的拍摄方向。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述镜头板设有触点部，所述补光灯与所述触点部电性连接。
  61. 根据权利要求59所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述镜头模组还包括散热组件，所述散热组件贴合于所述镜头板的发热部位。
  62. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述云台包括俯仰轴，所述拍摄装置安装于所述俯仰轴，所述俯仰轴带动所述拍摄装置绕所述俯仰轴的轴线转动。
  63. 根据权利要求62所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述云台还包括航向轴和可转动安装于所述航向轴的横滚轴，所述航向轴带动所述横滚轴绕所述航向轴的轴线方向转动，所述俯仰轴安装于所述横滚轴，所述横滚轴带动所述俯仰轴绕所述横滚轴的轴线方向转动。
  64. 根据权利要求43所述的无人机，其特征在于，所述云台与所述拍摄装置通信连接，当所述云台接收到开启所述补光灯的控制指令时，所述补光灯开启。
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