WO2020042430A1 - 轨道车辆及其车钩箱 - Google Patents

轨道车辆及其车钩箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042430A1
WO2020042430A1 PCT/CN2018/120584 CN2018120584W WO2020042430A1 WO 2020042430 A1 WO2020042430 A1 WO 2020042430A1 CN 2018120584 W CN2018120584 W CN 2018120584W WO 2020042430 A1 WO2020042430 A1 WO 2020042430A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
box
coupler
box according
constant force
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/120584
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹媛
闵阳春
金希红
陈尚强
李明明
Original Assignee
中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201811004457.4A external-priority patent/CN109094603A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811003583.8A external-priority patent/CN109080657B/zh
Application filed by 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority to AU2018439289A priority Critical patent/AU2018439289B2/en
Priority to US16/978,671 priority patent/US11780477B2/en
Publication of WO2020042430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042430A1/zh
Priority to ZA2020/05020A priority patent/ZA202005020B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00—Details or accessories
    • B61G7/14—Safety devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00—Details or accessories
    • B61G7/10—Mounting of the couplings on the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/20—Details; Accessories
    • B61G9/22—Supporting framework, e.g. cradles; Spring housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of rail vehicles, in particular to a coupler box of a rail vehicle.
  • the present invention relates to a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box.
  • the collision-resistant locomotive car body energy absorption structure mainly includes multi-stage energy absorption structures such as hook-relief devices and car body end structures.
  • the premise of applying multi-stage energy absorption structures is multi-stage energy absorption structures such as hook-relief devices and car body end structures. It can absorb energy in an orderly and controlled manner; that is, when two cars collide, the hook release device moves backward to absorb energy. After the hook release device ends the energy absorption, the installation structure of the hook release device fails, and the next level of energy absorbing components come into contact. The next level of energy absorption component triggers energy absorption.
  • the hook box of such a hook-relief device has a short hook length and a high strength.
  • the installation structure of the hook-relief device will not fail or fail.
  • the hook release device will prevent the next level of energy absorption device from contacting, so that the next level of energy absorption device cannot trigger energy absorption.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a coupler box of a rail vehicle.
  • the fixed part and the movable part are connected by a constant force connection member.
  • the constant force connection member can be pulled off during a collision, and subsequent energy absorption elements of multi-level energy absorption begin to deform and absorb energy.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box.
  • the present invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, which includes a fixed portion fixedly installed on a vehicle body and a movable portion connected to a hook release device, and the movable portion is connected to the fixed portion by a constant-force connection member.
  • the constant-force connecting member is used to be pulled off during the inward movement of the movable portion by the hook-relief device during a collision, so that the movable portion can be separated from the fixed portion.
  • the fixing portion includes two boxes symmetrically disposed on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body and a bottom plate for covering the bottom opening of the box, and a hook-relief device is provided between the two boxes.
  • a mounting hole for connecting the constant-force connecting member is provided on an inner end side wall of the box body.
  • the bottom plate includes an integrally provided transition plate and two cover plates, the two cover plates respectively cover the bottom openings of the two boxes, and the transition plate connects the inner ends of the two cover plates.
  • the movable part includes an end plate, and two sides of the end plate are provided with mounting holes for connecting the constant-force connector at positions corresponding to two inner ends of the box, and an outer end of the end plate is provided with It is convex and can be installed in the space between the two boxes, and is connected with a hook-relief device.
  • the constant force connection piece is a plurality of constant force bolts passing through the mounting hole, and the extension direction of the constant force bolts is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body, the inner side wall of the box body, and the A plurality of the mounting holes on both sides of the end plate are sequentially arranged in a vertical direction.
  • a screw plate that is threadedly connected to the end of the constant force bolt is provided inside the box body, and the screw plate can abut against an inner side wall of the box body, the head of the constant force bolt and the A pad is arranged between the inner ends of the end plates.
  • the cover plate is provided with a square hole corresponding to the position of the thread plate for the thread plate to enter and exit, and the bottom plate is detachably installed with an anti-falling plate for covering the square hole.
  • a safety rope is further included, and two ends of the safety rope are respectively connected to the movable portion and the fixed portion.
  • the safety rope is detachably connected to the movable portion and the fixed portion through a pin shaft and a split pin.
  • the present invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, comprising a mounting seat fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body and a box body connected to the hook-relief device.
  • the box body is connected to the mounting seat through a constant force connection member, and the constant force connection
  • the pieces are used to pull off the box during the collision when the hooking device pushes the box to move inward, so that the box can be separated from the mounting seat.
  • the bottom of the car body is provided with a sliding groove extending in its longitudinal direction.
  • a sliding member installed in the chute is connected to the top of the box body, the sliding member can move along the extending direction of the chute, and the chute can prevent the sliding member from falling.
  • the box body is installed between the two mounting seats, and two sides of the box body are symmetrically provided for connecting the constant force Connection plate for connectors.
  • the mounting seat on each side includes an outer slab and an inner slab which are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a support beam is connected between the outer slab and the inner slab, and the outer slab Mounting holes are provided on the inner riser plate for connecting the constant-force connecting pieces, and the connecting plate on each side includes an outer connecting plate and an inner connecting plate which are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the outer connecting plate Mounting holes are provided on the inner connecting plate corresponding to the outer vertical plate and the inner vertical plate on the same side for connecting the constant force connecting piece.
  • the constant force connection piece is a plurality of constant force bolts passing through the mounting hole, and the extension direction of the constant force bolts is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.
  • a plurality of the mounting holes on the board, the outer connection board, and the inner connection board are sequentially arranged in a vertical direction.
  • adjusting spacers are provided between the outer standing plate and the outer connecting plate and between the inner standing plate and the inner connecting plate.
  • two impact seats are provided at the outer end of the box.
  • the sliding groove is a C-shaped groove with an opening downward
  • the sliding member is a T-beam extending along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and a vertical portion of the T-beam is connected to the box body, and the T The horizontal part of the profile beam is installed in the C-shaped groove.
  • each of said T-beams includes an outer beam and Inner beam.
  • an outer notch and an inner notch for the outer beam and the inner beam to laterally enter the C-groove are provided on the same side of the two C-grooves.
  • the present invention provides a rail vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and a coupler box mounted on the head.
  • the coupler box is specifically the coupler box according to any one of the above.
  • the invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, which comprises a fixed part fixedly installed on a vehicle body and a movable part connected to a hook release device.
  • the movable part is connected to an inner end of the fixed part through a constant-force connection piece, and the constant-force connection piece is used for During a collision, the hook release device is pulled off during the process of pushing the movable part inward, so that the movable part can be separated from the fixed part.
  • the tensile and compressive forces of the hook-reducing device are transmitted to the vehicle body through the coupler box, and the coupler box receives the tensile and compressive forces of the hook-reducing device; when the rail vehicle collides, the hook-reducing device initially absorbs After the energy is over, when the contact force is greater than the preset tension of the constant-force connection, the constant-force connection is broken, and the movable part of the coupler box continues to move inward, so that the hook release device as a whole moves inward.
  • the energy-absorbing elements begin to deform and absorb energy, thereby achieving controlled and orderly energy absorption of the multi-stage energy-absorbing structure at the vehicle end.
  • the invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, which comprises a mounting body fixedly installed on the bottom of the vehicle body and a box body connected with the hook-relief device.
  • the box body is connected to the mounting seat by a constant-force connection piece, and the constant-force connection piece is used in a collision
  • the hook-relief device is pulled off during the inward movement of the box body, so that the box body can be separated from the mounting seat.
  • the bottom of the car body is provided with a chute extending in its longitudinal direction, and the top of the box body is connected with the chute installed in the chute. Slider, the slider can move along the extending direction of the slide groove, and the slide groove can prevent the slide piece from falling.
  • the tensile and compressive forces of the hook-reducing device are transmitted to the vehicle body through the coupler box, and the coupler box receives the tensile and compressive forces of the hook-reducing device; when the rail vehicle collides, the hook-reducing device initially absorbs When the contact force is over, when the contact force is greater than the preset tension of the constant-force connection, the constant-force connection is broken, and the box of the coupler box continues to move inward along the chute, so that the hook release device moves inward as a whole. Multi-stage Subsequent energy absorption elements of the energy absorption begin to deform and absorb energy, thereby achieving controlled and orderly energy absorption of the multi-stage energy absorption structure at the vehicle end.
  • the coupler box has a simple structure and is easy to implement. It meets the collision standards, ensures the safety of the passengers and passengers, improves the collision resistance of the rail vehicle with a hook release device, and solves the problem that the installation structure of the hook release device will not fail or fail during a collision. The problem that hinders the next level of energy absorption device from triggering energy absorption and improves equipment safety.
  • the present invention also provides a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box. Since the above-mentioned coupler box has the above-mentioned technical effect, the above-mentioned rail vehicle should also have the same technical effect, which will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing portion in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable part in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting seat and a chute in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a box body in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a coupler box of a rail vehicle.
  • the fixed part and the movable part are connected by a constant force connection member.
  • the constant force connection member can be broken during a collision, and subsequent energy absorption elements of multi-level energy absorption begin to deform and absorb energy.
  • Another core of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing portion in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable part in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, which includes a fixed portion 2, a movable portion 3, and a constant-force connection, wherein the fixed portion 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the vehicle body 1, and the movable portion 3 is connected to a hook-relief device.
  • the connecting members are respectively connected to the inner ends of the movable part 3 and the fixed part 2, and the tensile force of the constant-force connecting part is greater than a preset pressure, and then it can be broken.
  • the end of each component facing the end of the body 1 is defined as the outer end, and the end facing the middle of the body 1 is the inner end.
  • the tensile force of the hook-relief device is transmitted to the vehicle body 1 through the fixing portion 2, and the compressive force of the hook-reduction device is sequentially transmitted to the vehicle body 1 through the movable portion 3, the constant force connection and the fixed portion 2.
  • the tensile force received by the constant-force connector is less than the preset pressure, and the components are in a normal connection state.
  • the coupler box receives the tensile force and the compressive force of the hook release device.
  • the fixing portion 2 includes two boxes 2-2, and the two boxes 2-2 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body 1, and the box 2 2
  • the bottom is provided with an opening, where the bottom refers to the side facing downward when the vehicle is normally placed.
  • a bottom plate 2-1 is provided to cover the bottom openings of the two boxes 2-2, so that the two boxes 2-2 form a relatively closed structure.
  • a space is provided between the two boxes 2-2, and the hook-relief device enters through the space and connects with the movable part 3 located at the inner end during installation.
  • the side wall of the inner end of the box 2-2 There are mounting holes for connecting the constant-force connection pieces.
  • the box 2-2 can be connected to the vehicle body 1 by welding, or can be connected by bolts, etc., which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the bottom plate 2-1 can take a variety of forms, such as two separate plates covering two boxes 2-2, or an integrated U-shaped plate, including transition plates and two covering plates, two covering The plates respectively cover the bottom openings of the two boxes 2-2, and the transition plate connects the inner ends of the two cover plates, that is, the openings of the U-shaped plates face the outer ends.
  • the main part of the movable part 3 is an end plate 3-6, and two sides of the end plate 3-6 are also provided with mounting holes for connecting the constant-force connecting members, and are connected with two
  • the mounting holes provided at the inner end of the box 2-2 correspond to at least two sets of constant-force connectors, one side of the end plate 3-6 and the box 2-2 on the same side, one end of the constant-force connector Protrude into the mounting hole of the box 2-2, and the other end into the mounting hole of the end plate 3-6.
  • the arrangement of the mounting holes can also be adjusted according to the arrangement of the box 2-2.
  • a protrusion is provided on the outer end of the end plate 3-6.
  • the protrusion In a normal state, the protrusion is installed in the space between the two boxes 2-2, and is connected with a hook release device. And the size of the gap between the protrusion and the two boxes 2-2 has a matching relationship, and plays a guiding and limiting role in the movement of the end plate 3-6.
  • the constant-force connection member may be a plurality of constant-force bolts 3-8 passing through the mounting holes, and the extension direction of the constant-force bolts 3-8 is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body 1, and is at the inner end of the box body 2-2.
  • a plurality of mounting holes on the side walls and the sides of the end plates 3-6 are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the number of fixed bolts 3-8 can be adjusted according to the situation, such as a total of eight, four fixed bolts 3-8 are connected to each box 2-2, and the fixed bolt 3 can be adjusted according to the preset force required Number and arrangement of -8.
  • a thread plate 3-9 is provided inside the box 2-2, and a pad plate 3-7 is provided between the head of the constant force bolt 3-8 and the inner end of the end plate 3-6.
  • the threaded plate 3-9 is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the mounting hole
  • the mounting plate 3-7 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the mounting hole.
  • the thread plate 3-9 is located inside the box 2-2 and abuts against the inner side wall
  • the backing plate 3-7 is located outside the box 2-2 and abuts the inner end of the end plate 3-6, and the corresponding holes are coaxially opposite
  • Insert the constant force bolts 3-8 in turn, the end of the constant force bolts pass through the through holes of the pad 3-7, the mounting holes of the end plate 3-6, and the mounting holes of the box 2-2, and then screw into the thread plate
  • the threaded holes of 3-9 realize thread connection, and make the nut of the head of the constant force bolt 3-8 and the inner side of the backing plate 3-7, so that when the end plate 3-6 is subjected to compressive load, the constant force bolt 3
  • the force of -8 is transmitted to the end plate 3-6 through the backing plate 3-7, and the bearing area of the end plate 3-6 is increased, so as not to be deformed by the force of the bolt head.
  • connection between the movable portion 3 and the fixed portion 2 is achieved in the above manner.
  • the fixed bolts 3-8 are broken, and the movable portion 3 and the fixed portion 2 can be separated from each other.
  • Components such as a fixed force pin or a fixed force hook can also be used to achieve the connection, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the coupler box provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the installation of the fixing bolt 3-8 and take out when the fixing bolt 3-8 fails, it can be provided at the position of the cover plate corresponding to the thread plate 3-9. Threaded holes 3-9 are in and out of the square hole.
  • the bottom plate 2-1 is detachably installed with a fall prevention plate 3-4 for covering the square hole to prevent the threaded plate 3-9 from falling after the anchor bolt 3-8 fails. Get on track and improve safety.
  • a safety rope 3-1 is further included, and two ends of the safety rope 3-1 are respectively connected to the movable portion 3 and the fixed portion 2.
  • the fixing bolt 3-8 is pulled off.
  • the end plate 3-6 will not fall on the track because the safety rope 3-1 is pulled, causing hidden safety hazards.
  • safety brackets 2-4 can be provided on both sides of the square hole, and the detachable connection can be achieved through the first pin 3-2 through the connection hole at one end of the safety bracket 2-4 and the safety rope 3-1.
  • the fall prevention plate 3-4 can also be mounted on the bottom plate 2-1 through the first pin 3-2.
  • a split pin 3-3 can also be provided at the end of the first pin 3-2.
  • Lifting ears 3-10 are provided on both sides of the end plate 3-6, and the detachable connection is achieved through the second pin shaft 3-5 passing through the lifting ears 3-10 and the connection hole at the other end of the safety rope 3-1.
  • FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting seat and a chute in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a box body in a specific embodiment of a coupler box provided by the present invention.
  • a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a coupler box of a rail vehicle, which includes a mounting seat 02, a box body 04, and a constant force connector, wherein the mounting seat 02 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 01, and the box body 04 is connected to a hook release device, and the constant force
  • the connecting pieces are respectively connected to the box 04 and the mounting seat 02, and the constant force connecting pieces can be pulled off after the tensile force is greater than a preset pressure.
  • the end of each component facing the end of the body 01 is defined as the outer end, and the end facing the middle of the body 01 is the inner end.
  • the bottom of the body 01 is provided with a sliding groove 03 extending along its longitudinal direction, and a sliding member installed in the sliding groove 03 is connected to the top of the box 04.
  • the sliding member can move in the extending direction of the sliding groove 03, and the sliding groove 03 can prevent The slider is dropped.
  • the tensile and compressive forces of the hook-relief device are transmitted to the car body 01 through the box 04, the constant-force connector and the mounting seat 02 in this order.
  • the tensile force received by the constant-force connector is less than the preset pressure.
  • the components are in a normal connection state, and the coupler box receives the tensile and compressive forces of the hook release device.
  • the sliding member is installed in the chute 03 to assist in hanging and prevent the box 04 from falling.
  • the rail vehicle collides, after the initial energy absorption of the hook release device, it continues to transmit the force to the constant force connector through the box 04 and pushes the box 04 to move inward.
  • the contact force is greater than the preset tension of the constant force connector
  • the fixed-force connector is pulled off, and the box body 04 of the coupler box continues to move inward along the chute 03, so that the box body 04 and the mounting seat 02 are separated from each other, and then the entire hook release device moves inward, and the energy is absorbed in multiple stages.
  • the subsequent energy absorbing elements of the car begin to deform and absorb energy, so as to achieve a controlled and orderly energy absorption of the multi-stage energy absorption structure at the vehicle end.
  • the coupler box has a simple structure and is easy to implement. It meets the collision standards, ensures the safety of the passengers and passengers, and improves the resistance of the rail vehicle with a hook release device. Collision performance, solve the problem that the installation structure of the hook-relief device will not fail or the failure will prevent the next level of energy absorption device from triggering energy absorption during a train collision, and improve the safety of the equipment.
  • two mounting bases 02 are included, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body 01, and the box body 04 is installed between the two mounting bases 02, and the box body 04 is two A connection plate for connecting the constant-force connection member is provided on the side symmetrically.
  • the plurality of constant force connectors are divided into two groups. One group of constant force connectors connects the mounting seat 02 and the connecting plate on the same side, and the other group of constant force connectors connects the mounting seat 2 and the connecting plate on the other side.
  • the mounting seat 02 can be connected to the vehicle body 01 by welding, or can be connected by bolts, etc., which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the mounting seat 02 on each side includes an outer fascia 02-1 and an inner fascia 02-2, and the two are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 01, that is, the outer fascia 02-
  • the connection between 1 and the inner siding 02-2 is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the car body 01, and the outer siding 02-1 is near the end of the car body 01, and the inner siding 02-2 is near the middle of the car body 01.
  • a support beam 02-3 is connected between the outer fascia 02-1 and the inner fascia 02-2, and the support beam 02-3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 01.
  • Reinforcement ribs 02-4 are also provided on the outside of the outer fascia 02-1 to improve the strength of the equipment.
  • the connecting plate on each side includes an outer connecting plate 06 and an inner connecting plate 07, which are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 01.
  • the outer connecting plate 06 Mounting holes are provided on the inner connector plate 07.
  • the mounting holes on the outer riser plate 02-1 correspond to the mounting holes on the outer riser plate 06.
  • the connection is achieved through a constant force connector.
  • the installation on the inner riser plate 02-2 The holes correspond to the mounting holes on the inner connecting plate 07, and the connection is achieved through a constant force connection.
  • the number and arrangement of the connecting components can also be increased according to the situation, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the constant force connecting member may be a plurality of constant force bolts 09 passing through the mounting holes, and the extension direction of the constant force bolts 09 is parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body 01, the outer siding 02-1, and the inner siding 02- 2.
  • a plurality of mounting holes on the outer connecting plate 06 and the inner connecting plate 07 are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction. You can adjust the number of anchor bolts 09 according to the situation. For example, a total of eight bolts are provided.
  • Two outer mounting holes are provided on the outer riser 02-1, the inner riser 02-2, the outer connection plate 06, and the inner connection plate 07.
  • the plate 02-1 and the outer connecting plate 06 are connected by two constant force bolts 09, and the inner upright plate 02-2 and the internal connecting plate 07 are connected by two constant force bolts 09.
  • the constant force bolts can also be adjusted according to the preset force required The number and arrangement of 09. Components such as a fixed force pin or a fixed force hook can also be used to achieve the connection, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • an adjustment gasket 010 is provided between the outer upright plate 02-1 and the outer connecting plate 06 and between the inner upright plate 02-2 and the inner connecting plate 07 to eliminate installation errors.
  • two impact seats 05 are provided on the outer end of the box body 04.
  • the middle of the box 04 is provided with a space, and two impact bases 05 are also provided on both sides of the space.
  • the hook relief device enters through the space and connects with the inner end of the box 04.
  • the sliding groove 03 is a C-shaped groove with an opening downward
  • the sliding piece is a T-beam 08 extending along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1, that is, the T-beam 08 is vertical.
  • the cross section in the direction is T-shaped.
  • the vertical portion of T-beam 08 is connected to box 04.
  • the horizontal portion of T-beam 08 is installed in the C-slot. After the installation is complete, the lower end of the horizontal portion of T-beam 08 and C The inner wall of the lower end inside the groove abuts to prevent falling.
  • the T-beam 08 can be divided into two sections, which are an outer beam 08-1 and an inner beam 08-2 which are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 1.
  • the two sides of the two C-shaped grooves are provided with outer and inner notches for the outer beam 08-1 and the inner beam 08-2 to enter the C-shaped groove laterally.
  • the length of the outer and inner notches is longer than the length of the outer beam 08-1 and the inner beam 08-2, respectively.
  • the installation method of the coupler box is: after aligning the vertical direction of the box 04 with the normal assembly position, move a certain distance to the middle of the car body 01, so that the outer beam 08-1 and the inner beam 08-2 are aligned with each other. Quasi-outer and inner notches; move the box to the side of the notch on the C-slot by about half the width of the C-slot beam; move the box 04 upwards, and after the vertical position is in place, move the box to the C-slot Beam centerline movement, that is, the outer beam 08-1 and the inner beam 08-2 are controlled to enter the C-slot from the outer notch and the inner notch respectively.
  • the connecting plate 06 is connected to the mounting base 02 by the fixed bolt 09.
  • the distance between the outer connecting plate 06 and the inner connecting plate 07 is smaller than the outer standing plate 02-1 and the inner
  • the distance between the risers 02-2, and the outer connection plate 06 is located at the inner end of the outer riser 02-1, that is, the outer connection plate 06 is closer to the middle of the body 01 than the outer riser 02-1
  • the inner connection plate 07 is located at the inner end of the inner plate 02-2, that is, the inner connecting plate 06 is closer to the middle of the car body 01 than the inner plate 02-2.
  • a specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box.
  • a rail vehicle including the above-mentioned coupler box.

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Abstract

一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定安装于车体（1）的固定部（2）和连接钩缓装置的活动部（3），活动部（3）通过定力连接件连接固定部（2）的内端，定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动活动部（3）向内移动过程中被拉断，以使活动部（3）能够与固定部（2）相互分离。

Description

轨道车辆及其车钩箱
本申请要求于2018年8月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811003583.8、发明名称为“轨道车辆及其车钩箱”的中国专利申请和于2018年8月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811004457.4、发明名称为“轨道车辆及其车钩箱”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆领域，特别是涉及一种轨道车辆的车钩箱。此外，本发明还涉及一种包括上述车钩箱的轨道车辆。
背景技术
随着轨道技术的发展，车体被动安全越来越受到人们的重视。耐碰撞机车车体吸能结构主要有钩缓装置、车体端部结构等多级吸能结构，应用多级吸能结构的前提是钩缓装置、车体端部结构等多级吸能结构能够有序、可控的吸能；即两车碰撞时，钩缓装置向后移动吸能，钩缓装置吸能结束后，钩缓装置安装结构失效，下一级吸能部件接触，从而使下一级吸能部件触发吸能。
但目前这类钩缓装置的车钩箱，在车钩长度较短、强度较大等情况下，在列车碰撞时，钩缓装置吸能结束后，钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难，吸能结束后的钩缓装置会妨碍下一级吸能装置接触，使下一级吸能装置无法触发吸能。
因此，为了提高带钩尾框的钩缓装置的机车耐碰撞性能，需要解决车钩箱在列车碰撞时，钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难，妨碍下一级吸能装置触发吸能的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，通过定力连接件连接固 定部和活动部件，碰撞时定力连接件能够被拉断，多级吸能的后续吸能元件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。本发明的另一目的是提供一种包括上述车钩箱的轨道车辆。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定安装于车体的固定部和连接钩缓装置的活动部，所述活动部通过定力连接件连接所述固定部的内端，所述定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动所述活动部向内移动过程中被拉断，以使所述活动部能够与所述固定部相互分离。
优选地，所述固定部包括对称设置于车体纵向中心线两侧的两个箱体和用于覆盖所述箱体底部开口的底板，两个所述箱体之间设置有用于钩缓装置穿过的间隔，所述箱体的内端侧壁上设有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔。
优选地，所述底板包括一体式设置的过渡板和两个覆盖板，两个所述覆盖板分别覆盖两个箱体的底部开口，所述过渡板连接两个所述覆盖板的内端。
优选地，所述活动部包括端板，所述端板的两侧对应两个所述箱体内端的位置设有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔，所述端板的外端设置有凸起并能够安装于两个所述箱体的间隔内，并连接钩缓装置。
优选地，所述定力连接件具体为多个穿过所述安装孔的定力螺栓，所述定力螺栓的延伸方向平行于车体纵向中心线，所述箱体内端侧壁及所述端板两侧的多个所述安装孔沿竖直方向依次设置。
优选地，所述箱体内部设置有螺纹连接所述定力螺栓末端的螺纹板，且所述螺纹板能够与所述箱体的内端侧壁相抵，所述定力螺栓头部和所述端板的内端之间设置有垫板。
优选地，覆盖板对应所述螺纹板位置设有用于螺纹板进出的方孔，所述底板上可拆卸安装有用于覆盖所述方孔的防落板。
优选地，还包括安全绳，所述安全绳的两端分别连接所述活动部和所 述固定部。
优选地，所述安全绳通过销轴及开口销可拆卸连接所述活动部和所述固定部。
本发明提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定安装于车体底部的安装座和连接钩缓装置的箱体，所述箱体通过定力连接件连接所述安装座，所述定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动所述箱体向内移动过程中被拉断，以使所述箱体能够与所述安装座相互分离，车体底部设置有沿其纵向延伸的滑槽，所述箱体顶部连接有安装于所述滑槽内的滑动件，所述滑动件能够沿所述滑槽延伸方向移动，且所述滑槽能够防止所述滑动件掉落。
优选地，包括对称设置于车体纵向中心线两侧的两个安装座，所述箱体安装于两个所述安装座之间，所述箱体两侧对称设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的连接板。
优选地，每侧的所述安装座均包括沿车体纵向依次设置的外立板和内立板，所述外立板和所述内立板之间连接有支撑梁，所述外立板和所述内立板上设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔，每侧的所述连接板均包括沿车体纵向依次设置的外连接板和内连接板，所述外连接板和所述内连接件板上分别对应同侧所述外立板和所述内立板设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔。
优选地，所述定力连接件具体为多个穿过所述安装孔的定力螺栓，所述定力螺栓的延伸方向平行于车体纵向中心线，所述外立板、所述内立板、所述外连接板和所述内连接板上的多个所述安装孔沿竖直方向依次设置。
优选地，所述外立板和所述外连接板之间以及所述内立板和所述内连接板之间设置有调整垫片。
优选地，所述箱体外端设置有两个冲击座。
优选地，所述滑槽具体为开口向下的C型槽，所述滑动件具体为沿车体纵向延伸T型梁，所述T型梁的竖直部分连接所述箱体，所述T型梁的水平部分安装于所述C型槽内。
优选地，包括对称设置于车体纵向中心线两侧的两个所述C型槽和对应的两个T型梁，每侧所述T型梁均包括沿车体纵向依次设置的外梁和内梁。
优选地，两个所述C型槽的同一侧均设置有用于所述外梁和所述内梁横向进入所述C型槽的外缺口和内缺口。
本发明提供一种轨道车辆，包括车体以及安装于所述车头的车钩箱，所述车钩箱具体为上述任意一项所述的车钩箱。
本发明提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定安装于车体的固定部和连接钩缓装置的活动部，活动部通过定力连接件连接固定部的内端，定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动活动部向内移动过程中被拉断，以使活动部能够与固定部相互分离。正常行驶时，钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力通过车钩箱传递到车体上，由车钩箱承受钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力；当轨道车辆发生碰撞时，钩缓装置初始吸能结束后，接触力大于定力连接件的预设拉力时，定力连接件被拉断，车钩箱的活动部继续向内移动，使钩缓装置整体向内移动，多级吸能的后续吸能元件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。提高带钩缓装置的轨道车辆的耐碰撞性能，解决列车碰撞时钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难导致的妨碍下一级吸能装置触发吸能的问题，提高设备安全性。
本发明提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定安装于车体底部的安装座和连接钩缓装置的箱体，箱体通过定力连接件连接安装座，定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动箱体向内移动过程中被拉断，以使箱体能够与安装座相互分离，车体底部设置有沿其纵向延伸的滑槽，箱体顶部连接有安装于滑槽内的滑动件，滑动件能够沿滑槽延伸方向移动，且滑槽能够防止滑动件掉落。
正常行驶时，钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力通过车钩箱传递到车体上，由车钩箱承受钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力；当轨道车辆发生碰撞时，钩缓装置初始吸能结束后，接触力大于定力连接件的预设拉力时，定力连接件 被拉断，车钩箱的箱体沿着滑槽继续向内移动，使钩缓装置整体向内移动，多级吸能的后续吸能元件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。车钩箱结构简单，容易实现，满足碰撞标准，确保司乘人员人身安全，提高带钩缓装置的轨道车辆的耐碰撞性能，解决列车碰撞时钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难导致的妨碍下一级吸能装置触发吸能的问题，提高设备安全性。
本发明还提供一种包括上述车钩箱的轨道车辆，由于上述车钩箱具有上述技术效果，上述轨道车辆也应具有同样的技术效果，在此不再详细介绍。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中固定部的结构示意图；
图3为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中活动部的结构示意图；
图4为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式的仰视示意图；
图5为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式的主视剖视图；
图6为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中安装座及滑槽的结构示意图；
图7为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中箱体的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，通过定力连接件连接固定部和活动部件，碰撞时定力连接件能够被拉断，多级吸能的后续吸能元 件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。本发明的另一核心是提供一种包括上述车钩箱的轨道车辆。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1至3，图1为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图；图2为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中固定部的结构示意图；图3为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中活动部的结构示意图。
本发明具体实施方式提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括固定部2、活动部3和定力连接件，其中固定部2固定安装于车体1底部，活动部3连接钩缓装置，定力连接件分别连接活动部3和固定部2的内端，且定力连接件受到的拉力大于预设压力后，即可被拉断。定义各部件朝向车体1端部的一端为外端，朝向车体1中部的一端为内端。
正常行驶时，钩缓装置的拉伸力通过固定部2传递到车体1上，钩缓装置的压缩力依次通过活动部3、定力连接件和固定部2传递到车体1上，此时定力连接件受到的拉力小于预设压力，各部件处于正常连接状态，由车钩箱承受钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力。
当轨道车辆发生碰撞时，钩缓装置初始吸能结束后，继续通过活动部3向定力连接件传递力，推动活动部3向内移动，当接触力大于定力连接件的预设拉力时，定力连接件被拉断，车钩箱的活动部3继续向内移动，使活动部3与固定部2相互分离，进而使钩缓装置整体向内移动，多级吸能的后续吸能元件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。提高带钩缓装置的轨道车辆的耐碰撞性能，解决列车碰撞时钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难导致的妨碍下一级吸能装置触发吸能的问题，提高设备安全性。
具体地，为了便于各部件的安装以及平衡受力，固定部2包括两个箱体2-2，两个箱体2-2对称设置于车体1纵向中心线两侧，且箱体2-2底部 设置有开口，此处底部是指车辆正常放置时朝向下的一面。同时，设置有底板2-1覆盖两个箱体2-2的底部开口，使两个箱体2-2形成较为密闭的结构。在两个箱体2-2之间设置有间隔，安装时钩缓装置由外端进入穿过这一间隔与位于内端的活动部3连接，相应地，在箱体2-2内端的侧壁上设有用于连接定力连接件的安装孔。箱体2-2可以通过焊接的方式连接车体1，也可通过螺栓连接等方式，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
底板2-1可以采用多种形式，如分体式的两块板，分别覆盖两个箱体2-2，也可为一体式的U型板，包括过渡板和两个覆盖板，两个覆盖板分别覆盖两个箱体2-2的底部开口，过渡板连接两个覆盖板的内端，即U型板的开口朝向外端。
在本发明具体实施方式提供的车钩箱中，活动部3的主要部件为端板3-6，端板3-6的两侧同样设置有用于连接定力连接件的安装孔，且与两个箱体2-2内端设置的安装孔相对应，定力连接件至少为两组，分别连接端板3-6的一侧和位于同一侧的箱体2-2，定力连接件的一端伸入箱体2-2的安装孔内，另一端伸入端板3-6的安装孔内。也可根据箱体2-2的布置方式相应调整安装孔的布置方式。
在端板3-6的外端设置有凸起，正常状态时凸起安装于两个箱体2-2的间隔内，并连接钩缓装置。且凸起与两个箱体2-2之间的间隔的尺寸具有配合关系，在端板3-6移动过程中起到导向和限位作用。
具体地，定力连接件可以为多个穿过安装孔的定力螺栓3-8，且定力螺栓3-8的延伸方向平行于车体1纵向中心线，在箱体2-2内端侧壁及端板3-6两侧的多个安装孔均沿竖直方向依次设置。可以根据情况调整定力螺栓3-8的数量，如共设置八个，每个箱体2-2上连接四个定力螺栓3-8，也可根据需要的预设力调整定力螺栓3-8的数量及布置方式。
为了方便定力螺栓3-8的连接，箱体2-2内部设置螺纹板3-9，定力螺栓3-8头部和端板3-6的内端之间设置有垫板3-7，螺纹板3-9上对应安装孔设置有螺纹孔，垫板3-7上对应安装孔设置有通孔。安装时，端板3-6 贴紧箱体2-2，分别将螺纹板3-9和垫板3-7放置于箱体2-2内端侧壁即端板3-6的两侧，即螺纹板3-9位于箱体2-2内部与内端侧壁相抵，垫板3-7位于箱体2-2外部与端板3-6内端相抵，同时对应的各孔同轴相对，依次插入定力螺栓3-8，定力螺栓的末端依次穿过垫板3-7的通孔、端板3-6的安装孔和箱体2-2的安装孔，最终旋入螺纹板3-9的螺纹孔实现螺纹连接，并使定力螺栓3-8头部的螺帽与垫板3-7的内侧面相抵，使端板3-6在承受压缩载荷时，定力螺栓3-8的力通过垫板3-7传递到端板3-6上，端板3-6的受力面积增大，不至于被螺栓头的力压变形。通过上述方式实现了活动部3与固定部2的连接，拉力过大时，定力螺栓3-8被拉断，活动部3与固定部2即可相互分离。也可采用定力销或定力钩等部件实现连接，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
在本发明具体实施方式提供的车钩箱中，为了方便以方便定力螺栓3-8的安装及定力螺栓3-8失效时取出，可以在覆盖板对应螺纹板3-9的位置设置用于螺纹板3-9进出的方孔，同时，底板2-1上可拆卸安装有用于覆盖方孔的防落板3-4，防止螺纹板3-9在定力螺栓3-8失效后掉落到轨道上，提高安全性。
在上述各具体实施方式提供的车钩箱的基础上，还包括安全绳3-1，安全绳3-1的两端分别连接活动部3和固定部2。当机车发生碰撞时，定力螺栓3-8拉断，端板3-6在移动过程中，由于安全绳3-1拉着，端板3-6不会落到轨道上，造成安全隐患。
具体地，可以在方孔的两侧设置安全托2-4，通过第一销轴3-2穿过安全托2-4以及安全绳3-1一端的连接孔实现可拆卸连接，进一步地，防落板3-4也可通过第一销轴3-2安装在底板2-1上，为了防止脱落，还可在第一销轴3-2的端部设置开口销3-3。在端板3-6的两侧设置吊耳3-10，通过第二销轴3-5穿过吊耳3-10以及安全绳3-1另一端的连接孔实现可拆卸连接。
请参考图4至图7，图4为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方 式的仰视示意图；图5为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式的主视剖视图；图6为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中安装座及滑槽的结构示意图；图7为本发明所提供的车钩箱的一种具体实施方式中箱体的结构示意图。
本发明具体实施方式提供一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，包括安装座02、箱体04和定力连接件，其中安装座02固定安装于车体01底部，箱体04连接钩缓装置，定力连接件分别连接箱体04和安装座02，且定力连接件受到的拉力大于预设压力后，即可被拉断。定义各部件朝向车体01端部的一端为外端，朝向车体01中部的一端为内端。同时，车体01底部设置有沿其纵向延伸的滑槽03，箱体04顶部连接有安装于滑槽03内的滑动件，滑动件能够沿滑槽03延伸方向移动，且滑槽03能够防止滑动件掉落。
正常行驶时，钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力依次通过箱体04、定力连接件和安装座02传递到车体01上，此时定力连接件受到的拉力小于预设压力，各部件处于正常连接状态，由车钩箱承受钩缓装置的拉伸力和压缩力。同时滑动件安装于滑槽03内起到辅助吊挂的作用，防止箱体04掉落。
当轨道车辆发生碰撞时，钩缓装置初始吸能结束后，继续通过箱体04向定力连接件传递力，推动箱体04向内移动，当接触力大于定力连接件的预设拉力时，定力连接件被拉断，车钩箱的箱体04沿着滑槽03继续向内移动，使箱体04与安装座02相互分离，进而使钩缓装置整体向内移动，多级吸能的后续吸能元件开始变形吸能，从而实现车端多级吸能结构的可控、有序吸能。此时滑动件安装于滑槽03内起纵向运动导向和垂向防落作用，车钩箱结构简单，容易实现，满足碰撞标准，确保司乘人员人身安全，提高带钩缓装置的轨道车辆的耐碰撞性能，解决列车碰撞时钩缓装置的安装结构不会失效或失效困难导致的妨碍下一级吸能装置触发吸能的问题，提高设备安全性。
具体地，为了便于各部件的安装以及平衡受力，包括两个安装座02，对称设置于车体01纵向中心线两侧，箱体04安装于两个安装座02之间， 箱体04两侧对称设置有用于连接定力连接件的连接板。将多个定力连接件分为两组，一组定力连接件连接同一侧的安装座02和连接板，另一组定力连接件连接另一侧的安装座2和连接板。安装座02可以通过焊接的方式连接车体01，也可通过螺栓连接等方式，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
在本发明具体实施方式提供的车钩箱中，每侧的安装座02均包括外立板02-1和内立板02-2，两者沿车体01纵向依次设置，即外立板02-1和内立板02-2的连线平行于车体01的纵向中心线，且外立板02-1靠近车体01端部，内立板02-2靠近车体01中部。外立板02-1和内立板02-2之间连接有支撑梁02-3，支撑梁02-3固定连接车体01底部。外立板02-1的外侧还设置有加强筋02-4，提高设备强度。
每侧的连接板均包括外连接板06和内连接板07，两者沿车体01纵向依次设置，外立板02-1和内立板02-2上设置有安装孔，外连接板06和内连接件板07上设置有安装孔，外立板02-1上的安装孔与外连接板06上的安装孔对应，通过定力连接件实现连接，内立板02-2上的安装孔与内连接板07上的安装孔对应，通过定力连接件实现连接。也可根据情况提高连接部件的数量及布置方式，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
具体地，定力连接件可以为多个穿过安装孔的定力螺栓09，且定力螺栓09的延伸方向平行于车体01纵向中心线，外立板02-1、内立板02-2、外连接板06和内连接板07上的多个安装孔沿竖直方向依次设置。可以根据情况调整定力螺栓09的数量，如共设置八个，外立板02-1、内立板02-2、外连接板06和内连接板07上各设置两个安装孔，外立板02-1和外连接板06通过两个定力螺栓09连接，内立板02-2和内连接板07通过两个定力螺栓09连接，也可根据需要的预设力调整定力螺栓09的数量及布置方式。也可采用定力销或定力钩等部件实现连接，均在本发明的保护范围之内。进一步地，外立板02-1和外连接板06之间以及内立板02-2和内连接板07之间设置有调整垫片010，用于消除安装误差。
在本发明具体实施方式提供的车钩箱中，箱体04外端设置有两个冲击 座05。箱体04中部设置有间隔，两个冲击座05也设置于间隔两侧，安装时钩缓装置由外端进入穿过这一间隔与箱体04的内端连接。
在上述各具体实施方式提供的车钩箱的基础上，滑槽03具体为开口向下的C型槽，滑动件具体为沿车体1纵向延伸T型梁08，即T型梁08在竖直方向的横截面为T型，T型梁08的竖直部分连接箱体04，T型梁08的水平部分安装于C型槽内，安装完成后，T型梁08水平部分的下端面与C型槽内部的下端内壁相抵，防止掉落。
具体地，包括两个C型槽，对称设置于车体01纵向中心线两侧，箱体04顶部还设置有两个T型梁08，对应两个C型槽的位置，也可根据情况调整C型槽及T型梁08的数量。为了节省材料，可以将T型梁08分为两段，为沿车体1纵向依次设置的外梁08-1和内梁08-2。同时，两个C型槽的同一侧均设置有用于外梁08-1和内梁08-2横向进入C型槽的外缺口和内缺口。为了保证正确安装，外缺口和内缺口的长度分别大于外梁08-1和内梁08-2的长度。
本发明具体实施方式中，车钩箱的安装方法为：将箱体04垂直方向对准正常装配位置后，向车体01中部移动一定距离，使外梁08-1和内梁08-2分别对准外缺口和内缺口；将箱体往C型槽上开缺口一侧移动约半个C型槽梁的宽度；向上移动箱体04，垂向位置到位后，再将箱体往C型槽梁中心线移动，即控制外梁08-1和内梁08-2分别由外缺口和内缺口进入C型槽；箱体04横向位置到位后，再将箱体04往前(车钩方向)移动，直至完全到位；最后通过定力螺栓09将连接板与安装座02连接，为消除两者的制造误差，外连接板06和内连接板07之间的距离小于外立板02-1和内立板02-2之间的距离，同时外连接板06位于外立板02-1的内端，即外连接板06相较于外立板02-1更靠近车体01中部，内连接板07位于内立板02-2的内端，即内连接板06相较于内立板02-2更靠近车体01中部，安装完成后会产出间隙，将间隙留在一端，或两端均具有间隙，用调整垫片010消除。
除了上述车钩箱，本发明的具体实施方式还提供一种包括上述车钩箱的轨道车辆，该轨道车辆其他各部分的结构请参考现有技术，本文不再赘述。
以上对本发明所提供的轨道车辆及其车钩箱进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，其特征在于，包括固定安装于车体(1)的固定部(2)和连接钩缓装置的活动部(3)，所述活动部(3)通过定力连接件连接所述固定部(2)的内端，所述定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动所述活动部(3)向内移动过程中被拉断，以使所述活动部(3)能够与所述固定部(2)相互分离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述固定部(2)包括对称设置于车体(1)纵向中心线两侧的两个箱体(2-2)和用于覆盖所述箱体(2-2)底部开口的底板(2-1)，两个所述箱体(2-2)之间设置有用于钩缓装置穿过的间隔，所述箱体(2-2)的内端侧壁上设有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述底板(2-1)包括一体式设置的过渡板和两个覆盖板，两个所述覆盖板分别覆盖两个箱体(2-2)的底部开口，所述过渡板连接两个所述覆盖板的内端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述活动部(3)包括端板(3-6)，所述端板(3-6)的两侧对应两个所述箱体(2-2)内端的位置设有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔，所述端板(3-6)的外端设置有凸起并能够安装于两个所述箱体(2-2)的间隔内，并连接钩缓装置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述定力连接件具体为多个穿过所述安装孔的定力螺栓(3-8)，所述定力螺栓(3-8)的延伸方向平行于车体(1)纵向中心线，所述箱体(2-2)内端侧壁及所述端板(3-6)两侧的多个所述安装孔沿竖直方向依次设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述箱体(2-2)内部设置有螺纹连接所述定力螺栓(3-8)末端的螺纹板(3-9)，且所述螺纹板(3-9)能够与所述箱体(2-2)的内端侧壁相抵，所述定力螺栓(3-8)头部和所述端板(3-6)的内端之间设置有垫板(3-7)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，覆盖板对应所述螺纹板(3-9)位置设有用于螺纹板(3-9)进出的方孔，所述底板(2-1)上可拆卸安装有用于覆盖所述方孔的防落板(3-4)。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任意一项所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，还包括安全绳(3-1)，所述安全绳(3-1)的两端分别连接所述活动部(3)和所述固定部(2)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述安全绳(3-1)通过销轴及开口销可拆卸连接所述活动部(3)和所述固定部(2)。
  10. 一种轨道车辆的车钩箱，其特征在于，包括固定安装于车体(01)底部的安装座(02)和连接钩缓装置的箱体(04)，所述箱体(04)通过定力连接件连接所述安装座(02)，所述定力连接件用于在碰撞时钩缓装置推动所述箱体(4)向内移动过程中被拉断，以使所述箱体(04)能够与所述安装座(02)相互分离，车体(01)底部设置有沿其纵向延伸的滑槽(03)，所述箱体(04)顶部连接有安装于所述滑槽(03)内的滑动件，所述滑动件能够沿所述滑槽(03)延伸方向移动，且所述滑槽(03)能够防止所述滑动件掉落。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，包括对称设置于车体(01)纵向中心线两侧的两个安装座(02)，所述箱体(04)安装于两个所述安装座(02)之间，所述箱体(04)两侧对称设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的连接板。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，每侧的所述安装座(02)均包括沿车体(01)纵向依次设置的外立板(02-1)和内立板(02-2)，所述外立板(02-1)和所述内立板(02-2)之间连接有支撑梁(02-3)，所述外立板(02-1)和所述内立板(02-2)上设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔，每侧的所述连接板均包括沿车体(01)纵向依次设置的外连接板(06)和内连接板(07)，所述外连接板(06)和所述内连接件板上分别对应同侧所述外立板(02-1)和所述内立板(02-2)设置有用于连接所述定力连接件的安装孔。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述定力连接件具体为多个穿过所述安装孔的定力螺栓(09)，所述定力螺栓(09)的延伸方向平行于车体(01)纵向中心线，所述外立板(02-1)、所述内立板(02-2)、所述外连接板(06)和所述内连接板(07)上的多个所述安装孔沿竖直方 向依次设置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述外立板(02-1)和所述外连接板(06)之间以及所述内立板(02-2)和所述内连接板(07)之间设置有调整垫片(010)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述箱体(04)外端设置有两个冲击座(05)。
  16. 根据权利要求10至15任意一项所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述滑槽(03)具体为开口向下的C型槽，所述滑动件具体为沿车体(01)纵向延伸T型梁(08)，所述T型梁(08)的竖直部分连接所述箱体(04)，所述T型梁(08)的水平部分安装于所述C型槽内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，包括对称设置于车体(01)纵向中心线两侧的两个所述C型槽和对应的两个T型梁(08)，每侧所述T型梁(08)均包括沿车体(01)纵向依次设置的外梁(08-1)和内梁(08-2)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的车钩箱，其特征在于，两个所述C型槽的同一侧均设置有用于所述外梁(08-1)和所述内梁(08-2)横向进入所述C型槽的外缺口和内缺口。
  19. 一种轨道车辆，包括车体以及安装于所述车头的车钩箱，其特征在于，所述车钩箱具体为权利要求1至18任意一项所述的车钩箱。
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