WO2020027289A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020027289A1
WO2020027289A1 PCT/JP2019/030310 JP2019030310W WO2020027289A1 WO 2020027289 A1 WO2020027289 A1 WO 2020027289A1 JP 2019030310 W JP2019030310 W JP 2019030310W WO 2020027289 A1 WO2020027289 A1 WO 2020027289A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
coil
power supply
input
switching
primary coil
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PCT/JP2019/030310
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
羽田　正二
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Ntn株式会社
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Publication of WO2020027289A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020027289A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic resonance type non-contact power supply device.
  • Non-contact power transmission systems that transmit power without using a wired connection are known (Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
  • the contactless power transmission system includes a power supply device that supplies power and a power receiving device that receives power.
  • a magnetic field resonance system is known as one of various systems.
  • mutually tuned resonance circuits including a coil and a capacitor are provided on each of the power supply side and the power reception side. Power is transferred by the magnetic field resonance between the coils during tuning.
  • resonance is generated by performing switching driving for conducting or blocking a current path including a coil of the resonance circuit using a switching element.
  • JP 2018-007462 A Japanese Patent No. 6269375 Japanese Patent No. 6278012
  • the amount of power transmitted is determined by the values of the coil and the capacitor forming the resonance circuit, it is difficult to realize a small and large-capacity power supply device. Met. Further, the amount of power cannot be freely adjusted according to the state of the power supply source on the power supply side.
  • the aspect of the present invention relates to a magnetic resonance type non-contact power supply device, A transformer having at least one primary coil and at least one secondary coil; A resonance circuit including one of the secondary coils as a power supply coil and the power supply coil and a capacitor; A switching unit for switchingly driving the primary coil or a secondary coil other than the power supply coil so that an alternating current flows through the power supply coil by mutual induction in the transformer.
  • the switching unit to which the DC voltage is input It is preferable to have a full bridge circuit capable of switchingly driving the primary coil so that a current flows in the primary coil alternately in the opposite direction.
  • a plurality of combinations of the primary coil and the switching unit are provided in one transformer, and a separate input voltage is input to each switching unit.
  • the switching unit in which the AC voltage is input to the first and second input terminals includes: First and second switching elements each having one end connected to the first input end; Third and fourth switching elements each having one end connected to the second input end; First to fourth rectifying elements arranged in parallel with the first to fourth switching elements and capable of passing a current toward the input terminal,
  • the transformer has another secondary coil other than the power supply coil, The other ends of the first and fourth switching elements are respectively connected to the end and the start of the another secondary coil, and the other ends of the second and third switching elements are connected to the start of the primary coil.
  • the terminal respectively, When a positive input voltage is applied to the first input terminal, the first and second switching elements are on / off controlled contradictoryly, and the third and fourth switching elements are maintained off, And, When a positive input voltage is applied to the second input terminal, the third and fourth switching elements are turned on / off in a reciprocal manner, and the first and second switching elements are kept off. Is preferred. Further, in this aspect, in one transformer, a plurality of combinations of the primary coil and the another secondary coil and the switching unit are provided, and a separate input voltage is input to each of the switching units. Is preferred.
  • the present invention it is possible to reduce the size and the capacity of the contactless power supply device of the magnetic field resonance type, and to adjust the power supply amount freely.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a circuit example of a first embodiment of the wireless power supply device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing chart in the circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 3A schematically shows a current flowing in the ON period of the switching element of the group A in the circuit of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3B schematically shows a current flowing in the ON period of the switching element of the group B.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a circuit example of a modification of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a circuit example of another modification of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a circuit example of still another modification of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a circuit example of a second embodiment of the non-contact power supply device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A schematically shows the current flowing in the mode I in the circuit of FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B schematically shows the current flowing in the mode II.
  • 9A schematically shows the current flowing in the mode III in the circuit of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9B schematically shows the current flowing in the mode IV.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit example of a first embodiment of a non-contact power supply device of the present invention. .
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a power receiving device 20 in addition to the wireless power feeding device 10. The dotted line between the power supply device 10 and the power reception device 20 indicates that the connection is wireless.
  • the power supply device 10 includes a transformer T having a primary coil N1 and a secondary coil N2 (the winding start end of the transformer coil is indicated by a black circle).
  • the capacitor C is connected to the secondary coil N2 of the transformer T.
  • the secondary coil N2 and the capacitor C form a resonance circuit having a predetermined resonance frequency.
  • the resonance frequency is, for example, several tens kHz to several hundred kHz.
  • the secondary coil N2 corresponds to a power supply coil in the power supply device 10.
  • the transformer T is preferably loosely coupled.
  • the input end 2 of the primary side DC voltage (V + -V -) is applied.
  • a current flows through the primary coil N1.
  • the switching of the current flowing through the primary coil N1 is performed such that the current alternately flows at a predetermined frequency in the opposite direction.
  • This switching control is performed by a switching unit provided between the input terminals 1 and 2 and the primary coil N1.
  • the switching control frequency is basically set to be the same as the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit provided on the secondary side of the transformer T.
  • the switching unit in FIG. 1 basically forms a full bridge circuit.
  • This full bridge circuit has four switching elements A1, A2, B1, and B2.
  • Each switching element here is an N-channel MOSFET as an example.
  • the switching elements A1 and A2 constitute a first group (hereinafter, referred to as “group A”) that is simultaneously controlled on and off, and the switching elements B1 and B2 are simultaneously controlled on and off (second group) (hereinafter, “group B”). ").
  • Each switching element of the switching unit is controlled on / off by a control voltage applied to a gate which is a control terminal.
  • the on / off control voltage is usually a PWM signal.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal is set according to the resonance frequency of the secondary-side resonance circuit.
  • Switching element group A is on-off controlled by a control voltage V A, the switching elements of group B, on-off controlled by a control voltage V B.
  • a control unit for generating a PWM signal is separately provided.
  • the switching element A1 is connected in series between the positive input terminal 1 and the start of the primary coil N1.
  • a backflow prevention diode DA1 and a switching element A2 are connected in series between the terminal of the primary coil N1 and the negative input terminal 2.
  • the switching element B1 is connected in series between the positive input terminal 1 and the terminal of the primary coil N1.
  • a backflow prevention diode DB1 and a switching element B2 are connected in series between the starting end of the primary coil N1 and the negative input end 2.
  • the switching unit in FIG. 1 includes backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 connected in series to a current path including the primary coil N1.
  • the polarity of the backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 is opposite to that of the body diodes of the switching elements A1, A2, B1 and B2.
  • the backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 can be inserted in series at any position on the current path between the input terminal 1 and the input terminal 2 in addition to the position shown in FIG.
  • the backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 are respectively inserted in current paths between a connection point between the drains of the switching element A1 and the switching element B1 and a connection point between the sources of the switching elements A2 and B2.
  • the backflow prevention diode DA1 is inserted in series in a current path through which the ON period current of the switching element of the group A exclusively flows
  • the backflow prevention diode DB1 is a current that exclusively flows through the ON period current of the switching element of the group B.
  • they are inserted in series in the road.
  • the backflow prevention function can also be realized when a diode is inserted on at least one of the input terminals 1 and 2.
  • inserting a backflow prevention diode on the input line is disadvantageous in that a recovery current is generated when the switching element is turned off from on.
  • a fast recovery diode (FRD), a Schottky diode using silicon carbide (SIC), or the like is used, a backflow prevention diode can be inserted on these input lines.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing an example of a waveform in each component of the circuit of FIG. 2
  • (a) is a waveform of the on-off control voltage V A of the switching elements of the group A
  • (D) shows a current waveform (however, an image-like waveform) of the secondary coil (hereinafter, referred to as a “feeding coil”) N2.
  • the switching elements of group A and the switching elements of group B included in the full bridge circuit are on / off controlled reciprocally. However, if the switching elements of group A and group B are turned on at the same time, the input voltage is short-circuited, so that an appropriate dead time is provided.
  • the length of the ON period of both groups is the same, and the length of the OFF period is also the same.
  • the frequency is made to match the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit.
  • FIG. 3A schematically illustrates a current flowing during a period (referred to as “mode A”) in which the switching elements of the group A are on and the switching elements of the group B are off in the circuit of FIG. Is shown.
  • the current is indicated by a solid line with an arrow.
  • FIG. 3B shows a current flowing during a period (referred to as “mode B”) in which the switching elements of the group A are off and the switching elements of the group B are on in the circuit of FIG. .
  • Mode A and Mode B mutually symmetric currents flow.
  • the mode A and the mode B are alternately repeated.
  • the repetition frequency matches the resonance frequency of the feeding coil N2 and the capacitor C.
  • the secondary side resonance circuit performs free resonance by being driven from the primary side.
  • the power receiving device 20 also resonates, and the power receiving device 20 receives power.
  • the primary coil N1 When transitioning from the A mode to the B mode or vice versa, the primary coil N1 generates a back electromotive force due to a temporary interruption of current. For example, when the mode shifts from the B mode to the A mode, a back electromotive force in which the terminal side of the primary coil N1 has a positive potential is generated. Assuming that there is no diode DB1, by this back electromotive force, reflux flows through the path from the input terminal 2 ⁇ the switching element B2 ⁇ the switching element B1 ⁇ the input terminal 1 and power is returned to the input side. However, here, reflux is prevented by the diode DB1. The same applies to the transition from the A mode to the B mode, in which reflux is prevented by the diode DA1.
  • the non-contact power supply device 10 of the present invention realizes separation of the coil driven at the resonance frequency, that is, the primary coil N1, and the coil that actually resonates and supplies power, that is, the power supply coil N2. ing.
  • the switching drive configuration on the primary side is not directly connected to the resonance circuit on the secondary side, it is possible to freely select the power supply source on the primary side, and active power supply in non-contact power supply This becomes possible (illustrated in FIG. 4 described later).
  • the voltage of the power supply coil N2 can be changed as necessary by setting the turns ratio of the primary coil N1 and the power supply coil N2 of the transformer T. This makes it possible to reduce the size and the capacity of the wireless power supply device.
  • the switching drive coil and the power feeding coil are the same coil, so it has been difficult to increase the capacity.
  • the present invention it is not necessary to perform zero-cross switching in accordance with the resonance of the secondary side in the primary-side switching drive.
  • the coil driven by switching and the coil that resonates are the same coil, it is necessary to perform control to switch on and off the switching at the timing when the resonance current crosses the zero point.
  • the resonance circuit can assume a free resonance state. Can last. Therefore, in the present invention, switching control is easier than in the related art, and the configuration of the control unit can be simplified.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a circuit example of a modification of the first embodiment.
  • the transformer T includes three primary coils N11, N12, and N13.
  • Each of the primary coils N11, N12, and N13 can be similarly driven by a switching unit similar to that shown in the circuit of FIG.
  • the power generation output from the wind power generation system 10 is input to the input terminal of the switching unit of the primary coil N11.
  • the output of the photovoltaic power generation system 20 is input to the input terminal of the switching unit of the secondary coil N12.
  • the input from the system power supply 30 is input to the input terminal of the switching unit of the secondary coil N13.
  • the power is rectified and then input to each input terminal.
  • the switching drive of any of the primary coils N11, N12, and N13 is stopped according to the power generation status of each power supply source and / or the power demand status of the power receiving device 20. Or start.
  • active power supply is possible in non-contact power supply.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a circuit example of another modification of the first embodiment.
  • the number of turns of the primary coil can be changed stepwise by switching the intermediate tap that divides the primary coil into three portions N11, N12, and N13 using the switch S. Thereby, the turns ratio with respect to the secondary coil N2 can be selected.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a circuit example of still another modification of the first embodiment.
  • the switching unit in the circuit of FIG. 1 may be any circuit that can switch and drive the primary coil N1 at the resonance frequency so that current flows alternately and reversely through the primary coil N1. Therefore, the switching unit is not limited to the full bridge circuit.
  • FIG. 6A shows a configuration in which the switching unit in the circuit of FIG. 1 is a push-pull circuit instead of a full bridge circuit.
  • the primary coil is used by being divided into two parts, a first primary coil N11 and a second primary coil N12.
  • the group A includes only the switching element A1
  • the group B includes only the switching element B1.
  • backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 connected in series in the opposite direction to the body diode of each switching element are inserted and arranged.
  • the circuit operation is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.
  • the configuration example of FIG. 6B is a configuration in which the switching unit in the circuit of FIG. 1 is a half-bridge circuit instead of a full-bridge circuit.
  • group A includes only switching element A1 and is connected in series with capacitor CA
  • group B includes only switching element B1 and is connected in series with capacitor CB.
  • backflow prevention diodes DA1 and DB1 connected in series in the opposite direction to the body diode of each switching element are inserted and arranged.
  • the circuit operation is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a circuit example of a second embodiment of the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention. . FIG. 7 also schematically shows the power receiving device 20.
  • the non-contact power supply device 10A includes a transformer T having a primary coil N1 and two secondary coils N2 and N3 (the winding start ends of the transformer coils are indicated by black circles).
  • the capacitor C is connected to the secondary coil N2 of the transformer T.
  • the secondary coil N2 and the capacitor C form a resonance circuit having a predetermined resonance frequency.
  • the secondary coil N2 corresponds to a power feeding coil in non-contact power feeding.
  • the transformer T is preferably loosely coupled.
  • another secondary coil N3 other than the feeding coil N2 is provided on the secondary side of the transformer T.
  • the primary coil N1 and the secondary coil N3 have basically the same number of turns.
  • the turns ratio between the primary coil N1 and the secondary coil N3 and the power feeding coil N2 can be set as needed.
  • An AC voltage vin is applied to the input terminals 1 and 2 on the primary side.
  • the frequency of the AC voltage vin is lower than the resonance frequency of the secondary-side resonance circuit.
  • the frequency is, for example, about several tens of Hz, for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz of the system power supply.
  • the switching unit in the circuit of FIG. 7 includes four sets of combinations of switching elements and rectifying elements connected in parallel.
  • the switching element is here an N-channel MOSFET.
  • the rectifying element is here a diode.
  • the polarity of each diode is in the same direction as the body diode of each FET.
  • Preferably each diode is provided. If each diode is not provided, the body diode of each FET can play the same role.
  • the first switching element A3 is connected in parallel with the diode DA3
  • the second switching element B3 is connected in parallel with the diode DB3
  • the third switching element A4 is connected in parallel with the diode DA4
  • the fourth switching element B4 is connected in parallel with the diode DB4.
  • One end (drain) of each of the first switching element A3 and the second switching element B3 is connected to the input terminal 1.
  • One end (drain) of each of the third switching element A4 and the fourth switching element is connected to the input terminal 2.
  • the other end (source) of the first switching element A3 is connected to the end of the secondary coil N3.
  • the other end (source) of the second switching element B3 is connected to the starting end of the primary coil N1.
  • the other end (source) of the third switching element A4 is connected to the end of the primary coil N1.
  • the other end (source) of the fourth switching element B4 is connected to the start end of the secondary coil N3.
  • Each switching element of the switching unit is controlled on / off by a control voltage applied to a gate which is a control terminal.
  • the on / off control voltage is usually a PWM signal.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal is set according to the resonance circuit on the secondary side.
  • the switching element A3 is the control voltage V A3, the switching element B3 are respectively turned on and off controlled by the control voltage V B3.
  • the switching element A4 is on / off controlled by the control voltage V A4
  • the switching element B 4 is on / off controlled by the control voltage V B4 .
  • a control unit for generating a PWM signal is separately provided.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B show the operation of the circuit of FIG. 7 when a positive input voltage vin is applied to the input terminal 1. That is, the phase of the input voltage vin schematically indicates a current flowing when the input terminal 1 has a high potential and the input terminal 2 has a low potential.
  • the first switching element A3 and the second switching element B3 are ON / OFF controlled contrary to each other.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal for the on / off control is the same as the resonance frequency.
  • the third switching element A4 and the fourth switching element B4 are both kept off.
  • FIG. 8A shows the current in mode I in which the switching element A3 is on and the switching element B3 is off.
  • the input voltage vin is applied to the secondary coil N3.
  • the current ia3 due to the input voltage Vin flows through a path from the input terminal 1 ⁇ the switching element A3 ⁇ the secondary coil N3 (end ⁇ start end) ⁇ the diode DA4 ⁇ the input terminal 2.
  • FIG. 8B shows the current in mode II in which the switching element A3 is off and the switching element B3 is on.
  • the input voltage vin is applied to the primary coil N1.
  • the current ib3 due to the input voltage Vin flows through the path of the input terminal 1 ⁇ the switching element B3 ⁇ the primary coil N1 (start terminal ⁇ end) ⁇ diode DB4 ⁇ input terminal 2.
  • switching element A3 When switching element A3 is turned off at the end of mode I, back electromotive force is generated in secondary coil N3, but switching element A4 is off and diode DA4 (and the body diode of switching element A4) is reverse biased. Therefore, no reflux to the input side flows.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show the operation of the circuit of FIG. 7 when a positive input voltage vin is applied to the input terminal 2. That is, the phase of the input voltage vin schematically indicates a current flowing when the input terminal 1 has a low potential and the input terminal 2 has a high potential.
  • the third switching element A4 and the fourth switching element B4 are on / off controlled reciprocally.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal for the on / off control is the same as the resonance frequency.
  • the first switching element A3 and the second switching element B3 are both kept off.
  • FIG. 9A shows the current in mode III in which the switching element A4 is on and the switching element B4 is off.
  • the input voltage vin is applied to the secondary coil N3.
  • the current ia5 due to the input voltage Vin flows through the path of the input terminal 2 ⁇ the switching element A4 ⁇ the secondary coil N3 (start terminal ⁇ end) ⁇ diode DA3 ⁇ input terminal 1.
  • FIG. 9B shows the current in the mode IV in which the switching element A4 is off and the switching element B4 is on.
  • the input voltage vin is applied to the primary coil N1.
  • the current ib5 due to the input voltage Vin flows through the path from the input terminal 2 ⁇ the switching element B4 ⁇ the primary coil N1 (end ⁇ start end) ⁇ the diode DB3 ⁇ the input terminal 1.
  • the mode I and the mode II shown in FIG. 8 are repeated during the phase of 0 ° to 180 °, and the mode III shown in FIG. 9 during the phase 180 ° to 360 °. And Mode IV are repeated.
  • the phase of the input voltage vin is detected by a control unit (not shown), and the control unit outputs an appropriate PWM signal to each switching element according to the detection result.
  • the resonance circuit including the power supply coil N2 and the capacitor C resonates when an alternating current having a resonance frequency flows. This resonance circuit is not directly switched and driven by the switching unit but is driven through mutual induction of the transformer T, so that substantially free resonance can be performed.
  • a plurality of combinations of the primary coil N1 and the secondary coil N3 and the switching unit can be provided.
  • Each of the plurality of switching units can receive an input voltage from a separate power supply source.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact de type à résonance magnétique, permettant : d'obtenir une plus grande capacité avec une taille plus petite ; et d'ajuster la quantité d'énergie transmise. Ce dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact de type à résonance magnétique comprend : un transformateur ayant au moins une bobine primaire et au moins une bobine secondaire ; un circuit résonant qui est constitué d'une bobine d'alimentation électrique et d'un condensateur et a une fréquence de résonance prédéterminée, une bobine secondaire étant la bobine d'alimentation électrique ; et une unité de commutation pour commuter, à la fréquence de résonance, la bobine primaire ou une bobine secondaire autre que la bobine d'alimentation électrique de telle sorte qu'un courant alternatif circule à la fréquence de résonance vers la bobine d'alimentation électrique par induction mutuelle dans le transformateur.
PCT/JP2019/030310 2018-08-03 2019-08-01 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact WO2020027289A1 (fr)

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JP2018146825A JP7046758B2 (ja) 2018-08-03 2018-08-03 非接触給電装置
JP2018-146825 2018-08-03

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011101575A (ja) * 2009-10-07 2011-05-19 Tdk Corp ワイヤレス給電装置およびワイヤレス電力伝送システム
WO2016084524A1 (fr) * 2014-11-27 2016-06-02 株式会社村田製作所 Dispositif de transmission d'énergie et système de transmission d'énergie
JP2017005841A (ja) * 2015-06-09 2017-01-05 株式会社豊田自動織機 送電機器

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011101575A (ja) * 2009-10-07 2011-05-19 Tdk Corp ワイヤレス給電装置およびワイヤレス電力伝送システム
WO2016084524A1 (fr) * 2014-11-27 2016-06-02 株式会社村田製作所 Dispositif de transmission d'énergie et système de transmission d'énergie
JP2017005841A (ja) * 2015-06-09 2017-01-05 株式会社豊田自動織機 送電機器

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