WO2020017635A1 - シールシステム、および該シールシステムを備えたポンプシステム - Google Patents
シールシステム、および該シールシステムを備えたポンプシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020017635A1 WO2020017635A1 PCT/JP2019/028453 JP2019028453W WO2020017635A1 WO 2020017635 A1 WO2020017635 A1 WO 2020017635A1 JP 2019028453 W JP2019028453 W JP 2019028453W WO 2020017635 A1 WO2020017635 A1 WO 2020017635A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- chamber
- pump
- pressure
- barrier
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 269
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 149
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 48
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Natural products O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethylene, propylene, carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/086—Sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
- F04D29/126—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/128—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for liquid pumps with special means for adducting cooling or sealing fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/009—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by bleeding, by passing or recycling fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/406—Casings; Connections of working fluid especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3464—Mounting of the seal
- F16J15/348—Pre-assembled seals, e.g. cartridge seals
- F16J15/3484—Tandem seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
- F16J15/406—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid by at least one pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/44—Free-space packings
- F16J15/441—Free-space packings with floating ring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/44—Free-space packings
- F16J15/447—Labyrinth packings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2853—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipe joints or seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
- F05D2260/602—Drainage
- F05D2260/6022—Drainage of leakage having past a seal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a seal system used for a pump for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid such as liquid ammonia.
- Volatile liquids composed of volatile substances such as ammonia, ethylene and propylene are vaporized under atmospheric pressure and diffuse into the surrounding atmosphere. For this reason, a pump for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid is required to prevent leakage of the volatile liquid. Therefore, the pump is provided with a mechanical seal for preventing leakage of the volatile liquid. Furthermore, in order to prevent the leakage of volatile liquid from the sealing surface, which is the contact surface between the rotating seal ring and the stationary seal ring of the mechanical seal, a gas seal system that supplies a high-pressure barrier gas to the outer peripheral side of the mechanical seal has been developed. Connected to pump.
- the mechanical seal is located in the barrier chamber, and high-pressure barrier gas is introduced into the barrier chamber.
- the barrier gas flows into the inner peripheral side of the mechanical seal through a minute gap between the sealing surfaces of the rotating seal ring and the stationary seal ring.
- the volatile liquid in the pump reaches the mechanical seal along the rotation axis, but the flow of the barrier gas formed in the gap between the seal surfaces prevents the volatile liquid from entering the barrier chamber.
- the combination of the mechanical seal and the barrier gas seal system can prevent the volatile liquid from leaking into the surrounding atmosphere.
- the sealing surface is damaged, the flow rate of the barrier gas passing through the gap between the sealing surfaces increases, and as a result, the pressure in the barrier chamber decreases. Further, since the pressure of the volatile liquid tends to change according to the environmental temperature, the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump may increase. When the pressure of the barrier gas in the barrier chamber is lower than the pressure of the volatile liquid that has reached the sealing surface, the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber.
- the present invention provides a seal system capable of reliably preventing a volatile liquid from leaking into the surrounding atmosphere. Furthermore, the present invention provides a pump system provided with such a sealing system.
- a seal system used for a pump for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid the stuffing box forming a barrier chamber and a pump-side seal chamber, a mechanical seal disposed in the barrier chamber, and the pump
- a barrier gas supply system that supplies a barrier gas having a pressure higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid in the side seal chamber into the barrier chamber, wherein the pump side seal chamber is located between the impeller of the pump and the mechanical seal.
- the barrier gas supply system is provided with a pressure control valve that keeps a difference between a pressure in the barrier chamber and a pressure in the pump-side seal chamber constant.
- the seal system includes a relief line connected to the barrier chamber, a pressure relief valve attached to the relief line, and a valve when the pressure in the relief line deviates from a preset pressure range. And a valve actuator for opening the pressure relief valve.
- the seal system includes a signal transmitter that issues a pump stop signal when the pressure in the relief line falls outside the pressure range.
- the sealing system further comprises a pressure accumulator connected to the relief line.
- the seal system further includes a drain pot connected to the relief line, and a liquid level detector for detecting a liquid level in the drain pot.
- the stuffing box further forms an atmosphere-side seal chamber located on the atmosphere side of the mechanical seal
- the seal system includes an atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber
- the apparatus further includes a barrier gas inflow line and a barrier gas recovery line communicating with the atmosphere side seal chamber, and the barrier gas inflow line is connected to the barrier gas supply system.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal is a floating seal or a labyrinth seal surrounding a rotation shaft of the pump.
- the stuffing box further forms an atmosphere-side seal chamber located on the atmosphere side of the mechanical seal
- the seal system includes an atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber
- the apparatus further includes a solvent liquid supply line and a solvent liquid recovery line communicating with the atmosphere side seal chamber.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal is a floating seal that surrounds a rotation shaft of the pump.
- the seal system further includes a non-contact indoor seal provided in the barrier chamber.
- the indoor non-contact seal is a labyrinth seal.
- the barrier gas supply system has a barrier gas supply port facing the barrier chamber, and the indoor non-contact seal is located on the atmosphere side of the barrier gas supply port.
- the seal system further comprises a pump-side non-contact seal disposed within the pump-side seal chamber.
- the pump-side non-contact seal is a floating seal or a labyrinth seal surrounding a rotation shaft of the pump.
- the mechanical seal is a double mechanical seal including a first rotating side seal ring and a first stationary side sealing ring that are in contact with each other, and a second rotating side seal ring and a second stationary side seal ring that are in contact with each other.
- the seal system further includes a first temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the first stationary seal ring, and a second temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the second stationary seal ring.
- a pump system for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid comprising: a rotating shaft, an impeller fixed to the rotating shaft, a casing containing the impeller, a barrier chamber and a pump-side seal chamber.
- the side seal chamber is located between the impeller and the mechanical seal, and the barrier gas supply system is configured to maintain a constant pressure difference between the pressure in the barrier chamber and the pressure in the pump side seal chamber.
- a pump system is provided that includes a control valve.
- the pump system includes a relief line connected to the barrier chamber, a pressure relief valve attached to the relief line, and a valve when the pressure in the relief line deviates from a preset pressure range. And a valve actuator for opening the pressure relief valve.
- the pump system includes a signal transmitter that issues a pump stop signal when the pressure in the relief line falls outside the pressure range.
- the pump system further comprises a pressure accumulator connected to the relief line.
- the pump system further includes a drain pot connected to the relief line, and a liquid level detector for detecting a liquid level in the drain pot.
- the stuffing box further forms an atmosphere-side seal chamber located on the atmosphere side of the mechanical seal
- the pump system further includes an atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber
- the apparatus further includes a barrier gas inflow line and a barrier gas recovery line communicating with the atmosphere side seal chamber, and the barrier gas inflow line is connected to the barrier gas supply system.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal is a floating seal or a labyrinth seal surrounding the rotating shaft.
- the stuffing box further forms an atmosphere-side seal chamber located on the atmosphere side of the mechanical seal
- the seal system includes an atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber
- the apparatus further includes a solvent liquid supply line and a solvent liquid recovery line communicating with the atmosphere side seal chamber.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal is a floating seal surrounding the rotating shaft.
- the pump system further includes an indoor non-contact seal provided in the barrier chamber.
- the indoor non-contact seal is a labyrinth seal.
- the barrier gas supply system has a barrier gas supply port facing the barrier chamber, and the indoor non-contact seal is located on the atmosphere side of the barrier gas supply port.
- the pump system further includes a pump-side non-contact seal disposed in the pump-side seal chamber.
- the pump-side non-contact seal is a floating seal or a labyrinth seal surrounding the rotating shaft.
- the mechanical seal is a double mechanical seal including a first rotating side seal ring and a first stationary side sealing ring that are in contact with each other, and a second rotating side seal ring and a second stationary side seal ring that are in contact with each other.
- the pump system further includes a first temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the first stationary seal ring, and a second temperature sensor that measures a temperature of the second stationary seal ring.
- the pressure of the barrier gas in the barrier chamber is always maintained higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid regardless of the change in the pressure in the barrier chamber and / or the pressure in the pump-side seal chamber. Therefore, the seal system according to the present invention can prevent the volatile liquid from leaking into the barrier chamber. Even if a volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber due to damage to the sealing surface, the volatile fluid (liquid phase, gas phase, or gas-liquid two-phase volatile fluid) is released through the pressure relief valve and the relief line. Can be recovered. Further, the non-contact seal can block the flow of the volatile fluid and prevent the volatile fluid from leaking into the surrounding atmosphere.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a pump system.
- This pump system includes a pump 1 for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid, and a seal system 2 for preventing leakage of the volatile liquid to the surrounding atmosphere.
- the pump 1 is a multi-stage pump. That is, the pump 1 includes the rotating shaft 5, a plurality of impellers 7 fixed to the rotating shaft 5, and a casing 8 in which the impeller 7 is housed. In the present embodiment, half of the plurality of impellers 7 face one direction, and the other half faces the opposite direction.
- the impeller 7 By arranging the impeller 7 in this manner, the thrust force acting on the impeller 7 when the impeller 7 is rotated to increase the pressure of the volatile liquid can be canceled.
- the plurality of impellers 7 may face the same direction.
- the pump 1 may be a single-stage pump with one impeller.
- the rotating shaft 5 is rotatably supported by two radial bearings 10 and one thrust bearing 11.
- the rotating shaft 5 is connected to a motor (not shown) (an electric motor, an internal combustion engine, or the like), and is rotated by the motor.
- the impeller 7 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 5.
- the casing 8 has a volatile liquid suction port 8A and a discharge port 8B. The volatile liquid is introduced into the casing 8 through the suction port 8A. As the impeller 7 rotates, the volatile liquid is pressurized in the casing 8 and is discharged from the casing 8 through the discharge port 8B.
- a balance mechanism 15 is arranged between one of the two radial bearings 10 and the impeller 7.
- the balance mechanism 15 is a device that reduces the pressure of the volatile liquid boosted by the rotation of the impeller 7 to a pressure corresponding to the suction pressure.
- a balance chamber 16 located on the atmosphere side of the balance mechanism 15 is provided with a suction port 8A through a balance line 17, a volatile liquid transfer pipe (not shown) connected to the suction port 8A, or a volatile liquid supply source (not shown). Connected). Therefore, the pressure in the balance chamber 16 is substantially the same as the suction pressure.
- the liquid handled by the pump 1 is a volatile liquid.
- a volatile liquid is a liquid composed of a volatile substance that exists in a gaseous state under atmospheric pressure. More specifically, the volatile liquid is a liquid having a higher volatility than water, in other words, a liquid having a lower boiling point than water. Specific examples of the volatile liquid include liquid ammonia, ethylene, propylene, carbon dioxide, alcohol, butane, and propane.
- the volatile liquid is supplied to the pump 1 from a volatile liquid supply source (not shown) in a pre-pressurized state.
- the seal system 2 includes two mechanical seals 20 disposed on the atmosphere side of the impeller 7 and a barrier gas supply system 32 that supplies a barrier gas into two barrier chambers 30 each housing the two mechanical seals 20. It has.
- the two mechanical seals 20 are arranged in two stuffing boxes 35, respectively. That is, each barrier room 30 is formed by each stuffing box 35, and each mechanical seal 20 is arranged in each barrier room 30.
- the two stuffing boxes 35 are fixed to both sides of the casing 8.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing one embodiment of the seal system 2 including the mechanical seal 20.
- FIG. 2 shows the mechanical seal 20 adjacent to the balance chamber 16 among the two mechanical seals 20.
- the other mechanical seal 20 disposed on the suction side has the same configuration, and thus redundant description will be omitted.
- the seal system 2 is a gas seal system that seals a volatile liquid with the mechanical seal 20 and the barrier gas.
- the mechanical seal 20 of the present embodiment is a double mechanical seal including two pairs of rotating side seal rings 21A and 22A and stationary side seal rings 21B and 22B. More specifically, the mechanical seal 20 includes a first rotating side seal ring 21A and a first stationary side sealing ring 21B that contact each other, and a second rotating side seal ring 22A and a second stationary side sealing ring 22B that contact each other. I have.
- the mechanical seal 20 includes a first spring 23 for pressing the first stationary side seal ring 21B against the first rotating side seal ring 21A, and a second spring 24 for pressing the second stationary side sealing ring 22B against the second rotating side seal ring 22A. In addition.
- a shaft sleeve 38 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 5, and a first rotation side seal ring 21 ⁇ / b> A and a second rotation side seal ring 22 ⁇ / b> A are fixed on the shaft sleeve 38. More specifically, the seal ring holder 40 is fixed to the shaft sleeve 38, and the first rotation side seal ring 21A and the second rotation side seal ring 22A are held by the outer peripheral surfaces of the seal ring holder 40 and the shaft sleeve 38. ing.
- the rotating shaft 5, the shaft sleeve 38, the first rotating side seal ring 21A, and the second rotating side seal ring 22A can be integrally rotated.
- the first stationary side seal ring 21B and the second stationary side seal ring 22B are supported by the stuffing box 35 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the first spring 23 and the second spring 24 are held by a stuffing box 35.
- the first stationary side seal ring 21B, the second stationary side seal ring 22B, the first spring 23, and the second spring 24 do not rotate.
- the two pairs of rotating side seal rings 21A and 22A and the stationary side seal rings 21B and 22B are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane (imaginary plane) perpendicular to the rotating shaft 5.
- the first rotation side seal ring 21A and the first stationary side seal ring 21B are arranged on the pump side
- the second rotation side seal ring 22A and the second stationary side seal ring 22B are arranged on the atmosphere side.
- the mechanical seal 20 is disposed in the barrier chamber 30.
- This barrier room 30 is formed by the inner surface of the stuffing box 35.
- a pump-side seal chamber 43 is provided on the pump side of the mechanical seal 20.
- the pump-side seal chamber 43 is also formed by the inner surface of the stuffing box 35.
- the pump-side seal chamber 43 is located between the impeller 7 and the mechanical seal 20.
- the volatile liquid in the casing 8 flows along the rotating shaft 5 and flows into the pump-side seal chamber 43 to fill the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the pump-side seal chamber 43 shown in FIG. 2 communicates with the balance chamber 16. Therefore, the volatile liquid reaches the pump-side seal chamber 43 after passing through the balance chamber 16.
- the pressure in the pump-side seal chamber 43 is the same as the pressure in the balance chamber 16.
- the barrier gas supply system 32 is configured to supply a barrier gas having a pressure higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 into the barrier chamber 30. That is, the barrier gas supply system 32 includes a compressor 47 that pressurizes the barrier gas supplied from the barrier gas supply source 46, a pressure control valve 50 that adjusts the pressure of the barrier gas in the barrier chamber 30, and the barrier gas supply source 46 to the barrier chamber 30. An extended barrier gas supply line 52 and a liquid pressure sensor 54 for measuring the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 are provided.
- the compressor 47 and the pressure control valve 50 are connected to the barrier gas supply line 52.
- the pressure control valve 50 is arranged downstream of the compressor 47.
- One end of the barrier gas supply line 52 is connected to the barrier gas supply source 46, and the other end of the barrier gas supply line 52 is connected to the barrier chamber 30.
- the barrier gas supply system 32 has a barrier gas supply port 53 facing the barrier chamber 30.
- the barrier gas supply port 53 is formed from an open end of the barrier gas supply line 52.
- the barrier gas supplied from the barrier gas supply source 46 is pressurized by the compressor 47, passes through the pressure control valve 50, and flows into the barrier chamber 30 from the barrier gas supply port 53 through the barrier gas supply line 52.
- the barrier gas examples include an inert gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, and air.
- the barrier gas is a fluid different from the volatile liquid.
- the barrier gas supply source 46 may be an inert gas supply source provided as a utility facility in the facility where the pump system is installed, or may be a nitrogen gas containing nitrogen gas discharged in the process of generating a volatile liquid. It may be a gas storage tank. If the pressure of the barrier gas supplied from the barrier gas supply source 46 is sufficiently higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43, the compressor 47 may not be provided.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 is a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- both of directly measuring the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 and measuring the pressure corresponding to the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 are performed on the pump side. This means that the pressure of the volatile liquid in the seal chamber 43 is measured.
- the installation position of the liquid pressure sensor 54 is such that the liquid pressure sensor 54 can measure the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 or the pressure corresponding to the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 may be connected to the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 can directly measure the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 may be connected to the balance line 17, or may be connected to the suction port 8A of the casing 8, or may be connected to the suction port 8A. May be connected to a volatile liquid transfer pipe (not shown).
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 connected to the balance line 17 detects the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43. Can be measured.
- the pressure of the volatile liquid in the suction port 8A of the casing 8 and the volatile liquid transfer pipe is also substantially the same as the pressure in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 corresponds to the discharge pressure of the pump 1.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 may be connected to the discharge port 8B of the casing 8.
- the sealing system 2 includes a relief line 56 connected to the barrier chamber 30, a pressure relief valve 57 attached to the relief line 56, and a gas pressure sensor 60 for measuring the pressure in the relief line 56. And a valve actuator 61 that opens the pressure relief valve 57 when the pressure in the relief line 56 deviates from a preset pressure range.
- the gas pressure sensor 60 is disposed between the barrier chamber 30 and the pressure relief valve 57.
- the relief line 56 has a fluid inlet 58 facing the barrier chamber 30. The barrier gas supplied from the barrier gas supply system 32 into the barrier chamber 30 flows into the relief line 56 through the fluid inlet 58.
- the pressure relief valve 57 is normally closed. Therefore, during normal operation, the inside of the relief line 56 is filled with the barrier gas, but the flow of the barrier gas is not substantially formed in the relief line 56. Since the relief line 56 communicates with the barrier chamber 30, the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 is the same as the pressure in the relief line 56. Therefore, the gas pressure sensor 60 connected to the relief line 56 can measure a pressure corresponding to the pressure in the barrier chamber 30. In this specification, both directly measuring the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 and measuring the pressure corresponding to the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 mean measuring the pressure in the barrier chamber 30.
- the gas pressure sensor 60 is electrically connected to the pressure control valve 50 such that the gas pressure sensor 60 transmits a measured value of the pressure (ie, a measured value of the pressure in the barrier chamber 30) to the pressure control valve 50.
- the liquid pressure sensor 54 is also electrically connected to the pressure control valve 50, and the liquid pressure sensor 54 transmits a measured value of the pressure (ie, a measured value of the pressure in the pump-side seal chamber 43) to the pressure control valve 50. It is configured as follows.
- the pressure control valve 50 detects the difference between the measured value of the pressure sent from the liquid pressure sensor 54 and the measured value of the pressure sent from the gas pressure sensor 60 (that is, the pressure in the pump-side seal chamber 43 and the barrier chamber 30).
- the pressure control valve 50 operates so that the pressure of the barrier gas in the barrier chamber 30 is maintained higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43 by a predetermined bias value.
- Specific examples of the pressure control valve 50 include an actuator-driven differential pressure control valve.
- the pressure of the barrier gas in the barrier chamber 30 is always higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid. Will be maintained. Therefore, the barrier gas in the barrier chamber 30 flows into the pump-side seal chamber 43 through a minute gap between the seal surfaces, which are the contact surfaces between the first rotating side seal ring 21A and the first stationary side seal ring 21B. Such a flow of the barrier gas can prevent the volatile liquid from leaking into the barrier chamber 30.
- An atmosphere side seal chamber 63 is provided on the atmosphere side of the mechanical seal 20.
- the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63 is formed by the inner surface of the stuffing box 35.
- the barrier chamber 30 is located between the pump-side seal chamber 43 and the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63.
- the barrier gas in the barrier chamber 30 also flows into the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63 through a minute gap between the seal surfaces that are the contact surfaces between the second rotating side seal ring 22A and the second stationary side seal ring 22B.
- the stuffing box 35 forming the barrier chamber 30, the pump-side seal chamber 43, and the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63 is a single structure, but in one embodiment, the stuffing box 35 is composed of a combination of a plurality of structures. Is also good.
- the seal system 2 includes a barrier gas inflow line 66 connected to the barrier gas supply system 32, a pressure control valve 69 attached to the barrier gas inflow line 66, a barrier gas recovery line 72 communicating with the atmosphere side seal chamber 63, and an atmosphere side seal. Further, a floating seal 73 as an atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the chamber 63 is further provided.
- One end of the barrier gas inflow line 66 is connected to the barrier gas supply line 52, and the other end of the barrier gas inflow line 66 communicates with the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63.
- the pressure control valve 69 is a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of the barrier gas sent from the barrier gas supply system 32 to a predetermined pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure.
- the connection point between the barrier gas inflow line 66 and the barrier gas supply line 52 is on the upstream side of the pressure control valve 50 and on the downstream side of the compressor 47.
- the floating seal 73 is pressed by a spring 77 against a retaining ring 75 fixed to the stuffing box 35.
- the floating seal 73 is arranged so as to surround the rotating shaft 5. More specifically, the floating seal 73 is disposed around a shaft sleeve 38 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 5, and the rotating shaft 5 and the shaft sleeve 38 extend through the floating seal 73. .
- a small gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the floating seal 73 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft sleeve 38, and the floating seal 73 is not in contact with the shaft sleeve 38 and the rotating shaft 5.
- the floating seal 73 is annular, and is made of, for example, a carbon ring.
- the barrier gas is introduced into the atmosphere-side sealing chamber 63 through the barrier-gas inflow line 66, and flows out from the atmosphere-side sealing chamber 63 through the barrier-gas recovery line 72.
- the barrier gas flowing from the barrier chamber 30 through the gap between the seal surfaces of the second rotating side seal ring 22A and the second stationary side seal ring 22B flows into the barrier gas recovery line 72 together with the barrier gas introduced from the barrier gas inflow line 66. I do.
- the barrier gas flowing through the barrier gas recovery line 72 may be recovered or discharged to a flare stack.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63 may be a labyrinth seal instead of the floating seal 73.
- the valve actuator 61 opens the pressure relief valve 57.
- the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber 30, at least a part of the volatile liquid is vaporized, so that the pressure in the relief line 56 communicating with the barrier chamber 30 increases.
- the gas pressure sensor 60 detects this rise in pressure and activates the valve actuator 61.
- the valve actuator 61 opens the pressure relief valve 57 to allow the volatile fluid (liquid fluid, gas phase, or gas-liquid two-phase volatile fluid) to flow out of the barrier chamber 30 through the relief line 56.
- Volatile fluid, along with barrier gas is recovered through a relief line 56.
- the recovered volatile fluid may be subjected to detoxification treatment such as combustion treatment.
- the valve actuator 61 is configured by a combination of the air cylinder 78 and the working fluid supply valve 80.
- the air cylinder 78 is connected to the pressure relief valve 57 and operates to open the pressure relief valve 57.
- the air cylinder 78 is connected to a working fluid supply source 81 via a working fluid supply valve 80.
- An example of the working fluid supply source 81 is an air supply source.
- the air supply source may be an air supply line provided as utility equipment at the facility where the pump system is installed.
- valve actuator 61 may be a motor-driven actuator.
- the gas pressure sensor 60 is electrically connected to the working fluid supply valve 80, and is configured to transmit a measured value of the pressure in the relief line 56 to the working fluid supply valve 80.
- the working fluid supply valve 80 has a memory (not shown) therein, and stores in advance the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the pressure range.
- the working fluid supply valve 80 is opened, and the working fluid is supplied from the working fluid supply source 81 to the air cylinder 78. This activates the air cylinder 78 to open the pressure relief valve 57.
- Volatile fluids liquid, gaseous, or gas-liquid two-phase volatile fluids
- the volatile fluid (a liquid phase, a gas phase, or a gas-liquid two-phase volatile fluid) is removed from the second rotation side seal ring 22A and the second rotation side seal ring 22A disposed on the atmosphere side. 2 Pass through the gap between the sealing surfaces of the stationary side seal ring 22B. Even in such a case, the volatile fluid is carried to the barrier gas recovery line 72 by the barrier gas injected from the barrier gas inflow line 66, and is recovered through the barrier gas recovery line 72 together with the barrier gas.
- the seal system 2 of the present embodiment can not only prevent the volatile liquid from leaking into the barrier chamber 30, but also prevent the volatile liquid from leaking into the barrier chamber 30 even if the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber 30.
- the liquid (volatile fluid) can be prevented from leaking into the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, the present invention can provide a pump system that can safely handle volatile liquid.
- the gas pressure sensor 60 is electrically connected to the signal transmitter 85, and is configured to transmit a measured value of the pressure in the relief line 56 to the signal transmitter 85.
- the signal transmitter 85 has a memory (not shown) therein, and stores in advance the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the pressure range.
- the signal transmitter 85 is configured to emit a pump stop signal when the measured value of the pressure in the relief line 56 is out of the pressure range.
- the signal transmitter 85 is connected to an operation control unit 87 that controls the operation of a prime mover (not shown) of the pump 1 by wire communication or wireless communication.
- the pump stop signal is transmitted to the operation control unit 87, and the operation control unit 87 stops the motor of the pump 1 in response to the pump stop signal. Thereby, the operation of the pump 1 is stopped, and the expansion of the leakage of the volatile liquid can be prevented.
- the volatile liquid may leak into the barrier chamber 30.
- the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber 30 in a liquid state.
- the seal surfaces of the seal rings 22A and 22B may be damaged. In such a case, the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 decreases.
- the sealing surfaces of the seal rings 22A and 22B on the atmosphere side are damaged for some reason, or when the barrier gas supply system 32 cannot increase the supply pressure of the barrier gas, the pressure of the barrier chamber 30 decreases.
- the signal generator 85 issues a pump stop signal. Further, when the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 decreases, the leaked volatile liquid may be volatilized, so that the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 measured by the gas pressure sensor 60 is out of the above pressure range. (Ie, when the pressure falls below the lower limit of the pressure range) or when the absolute value of the rate of change of the pressure in the barrier chamber 30 is larger than a predetermined value, the valve actuator 61 opens the pressure relief valve 57. To release the vaporized gas-liquid two-phase fluid. Even in such a case, since the barrier gas flows into the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63, it is possible to reliably prevent the volatile liquid from being vaporized and diffused into the atmosphere.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 includes a pressure accumulator 88 connected to the relief line 56.
- the pressure accumulator 88 communicates with the barrier chamber 30 through the relief line 56.
- a diaphragm 88a is disposed inside the pressure accumulator 88, and a gas such as nitrogen gas is sealed therein. Part of the barrier gas in the relief line 56 is introduced into the pressure accumulator 88 and is accumulated in the pressure accumulator 88. The barrier gas accumulated in the pressure accumulator 88 is pressurized by the pressure of the gas previously sealed in the pressure accumulator 88. When the supply of the barrier gas from the barrier gas supply system 32 is stopped or the supply pressure of the barrier gas is reduced for some reason, the pressure accumulator 88 supplies the barrier gas into the barrier chamber 30 through the relief line 56 and supplies the barrier gas to the barrier chamber 30. Pressure inside the pump-side seal chamber 43 can be maintained higher than the pressure of the volatile liquid in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- a drain pot 90 is connected to the relief line 56.
- a liquid level detector 91 for detecting a liquid level in the drain pot 90 is attached to the drain pot 90. If the sealing surfaces of the seal rings 21A and 21B on the pump side are damaged, the volatile liquid may leak to the barrier chamber 30. When a sufficient pressure is maintained in the barrier chamber 30, the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber 30 in a liquid state. The volatile liquid flows through the relief line 56 and is collected in the drain pot 90. When the liquid level detector 91 detects that the liquid level of the volatile liquid in the drain pot 90 has reached the set level, the liquid level detector 91 issues a leak detection signal.
- the leakage detection signal is transmitted to the operation control unit 87, and the operation control unit 87 stops the motor of the pump 1 in response to the leakage detection signal.
- the specific configuration of the liquid level detector 91 is not particularly limited, examples of the liquid level detector 91 include a contact type liquid level sensor, a non-contact type liquid level sensor, and a float switch.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 includes a labyrinth seal 95 provided as an indoor non-contact seal provided in the barrier chamber 30.
- the labyrinth seal 95 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the seal ring holder 40 fixed to the shaft sleeve 38.
- a small gap is formed between the labyrinth seal 95 and the inner surface of the stuffing box 35 forming the barrier chamber 30, and the labyrinth seal 95 is not in contact with the stuffing box 35.
- the labyrinth seal 95 is located on the atmosphere side of the barrier gas supply port 53 facing the barrier chamber 30. Further, the labyrinth seal 95 is located on the atmosphere side of the fluid inlet 58 facing the barrier chamber 30.
- the barrier gas supply port 53 and the fluid inlet 58 are located between the first stationary side seal ring 21B and the labyrinth seal 95.
- the labyrinth seal 95 is located between the first stationary side seal ring 21B and the second stationary side seal ring 22B.
- Part of the barrier gas supplied from the barrier gas supply port 53 into the barrier chamber 30 passes through a minute gap between the seal surfaces of the first rotary seal ring 21A and the first stationary seal ring 21B arranged on the pump side. And flows into the pump side seal chamber 43. At the same time, a part of the barrier gas supplied into the barrier chamber 30 from the barrier gas supply port 53 passes through the labyrinth seal 95, and the second rotation side seal ring 22A and the second stationary side seal ring 22B arranged on the atmosphere side. It flows toward the atmosphere side seal chamber 63 through a minute gap between the seal faces.
- the valve actuator 61 opens the pressure relief valve 57.
- a flow of the barrier gas flowing from the barrier gas supply port 53 to the fluid inlet 58 is formed in the barrier chamber 30.
- the volatile fluid leaked into the barrier chamber 30 flows into the fluid inlet 58 together with the barrier gas, and is collected through the relief line 56.
- the labyrinth seal 95 has a function of guiding the volatile fluid leaked into the barrier chamber 30 to the fluid inlet 58, and can prevent the volatile fluid from flowing to the atmosphere side.
- the indoor non-contact seal may be a thread seal instead of the labyrinth seal 95.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 includes a floating seal 97 as a pump-side non-contact seal disposed in the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the floating seal 97 is pressed by a spring 98 against the vertical surface 35a of the stuffing box 35 forming the pump-side seal chamber 43.
- the floating seal 97 is arranged so as to surround the rotating shaft 5. More specifically, the floating seal 97 is disposed around a shaft sleeve 38 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 5, and the rotating shaft 5 and the shaft sleeve 38 extend through the floating seal 97. .
- a small gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the floating seal 97 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft sleeve 38, and the floating seal 97 is not in contact with the shaft sleeve 38 and the rotating shaft 5.
- the floating seal 97 is annular, and is made of, for example, a carbon ring.
- the pump-side non-contact seal disposed in the pump-side seal chamber 43 may be a labyrinth seal instead of the floating seal 97.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 further includes a bypass line 100 that bypasses the pressure control valve 50, a bypass valve 101 attached to the bypass line 100, and an on-off valve 102 attached to the barrier gas inflow line 66.
- One end of the bypass line 100 is connected to the barrier gas supply line 52 at a position upstream of the pressure control valve 50, and the other end of the bypass line 100 is connected to the barrier gas supply line 52 at a position downstream of the pressure control valve 50. ing.
- the bypass valve 101 and the on-off valve 102 are manual valves. During normal operation, the on-off valve 102 is open and the bypass valve 101 is closed. When the volatile liquid leaks into the barrier chamber 30 as a result of the damage of the mechanical seal 20 and the mechanical seal 20 needs to be disassembled, the on-off valve 102 is closed and the bypass valve 101 is opened. Instead of flowing through the barrier gas inflow line 66, the barrier gas flows into the barrier gas supply line 52 through the bypass line 100 and is supplied into the barrier chamber 30. According to the present embodiment, since more barrier gas is supplied to the barrier chamber 30, the volatile fluid leaked into the barrier chamber 30 easily flows out through the relief line 56.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 includes a solvent liquid supply line 110 that supplies a solvent liquid to the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63, instead of the barrier gas inflow line 66.
- the seal system 2 includes a solvent liquid recovery line 111 for recovering the solvent liquid supplied to the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63, instead of the barrier gas recovery line 72.
- One end of the solvent liquid supply line 110 is connected to the solvent liquid supply source 112, and the other end of the solvent liquid supply line 110 communicates with the atmosphere side seal chamber 63.
- One end of the solvent liquid recovery line 111 communicates with the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63.
- the solvent liquid include water or an aqueous solution.
- the solvent liquid is supplied from the solvent liquid supply line 110 to the atmosphere side seal chamber 63, and is discharged from the atmosphere side seal chamber 63 through the solvent liquid recovery line 111.
- the atmosphere-side non-contact seal disposed in the atmosphere-side seal chamber 63 is a floating seal 73.
- Some volatile liquids are more soluble in liquids (solvents) than vaporized.
- Ammonia is a typical example.
- the volatile liquid is ammonia
- water or an aqueous solution
- the ammonia is dissolved in water before being vaporized. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent ammonia from being vaporized and diffused into the atmosphere.
- a solvent temperature sensor 114 that measures the temperature of the solvent is used to investigate the degree of leakage of ammonia, and the degree of suspension of the solvent is measured. Is attached to the solvent liquid recovery line 111.
- an antifreeze liquid particularly an aqueous glycerin solution, as the solvent liquid.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing another embodiment of the seal system 2.
- the seal system 2 includes a first temperature sensor 121 that measures the temperature of the first stationary side seal ring 21B, and a second temperature sensor 122 that measures the temperature of the second stationary side seal ring 22B. .
- the seal system 2 of the present embodiment includes a first temperature sensor 121 and a second temperature sensor 122 that measure the temperature of each of the stationary seal rings 21B and 22B of the mechanical seal 20.
- the first temperature sensor 121 and the second temperature sensor 122 are electrically connected to the signal transmitter 125, and are configured to transmit a measured value of the temperature of the stationary seal rings 21B and 22B to the signal transmitter 125.
- the signal transmitter 125 is configured to emit a pump stop signal when the measured value of the temperature of the stationary side seal ring 21B or the measured value of the temperature of the stationary side seal ring 22B exceeds a threshold value.
- the pump stop signal is transmitted to the operation control unit 87, and the operation control unit 87 stops the motor of the pump 1 in response to the pump stop signal. Thereby, the operation of the pump 1 is stopped, and the expansion of the leakage of the volatile liquid can be prevented.
- the signal transmitter 125 and the signal transmitter 85 of the above-described embodiment may be constituted by one signal transmitter.
- each embodiment described above can be appropriately combined.
- the labyrinth seal 95 shown in FIG. 4 and the floating seal 97 shown in FIG. 5 can be combined with the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 7, and 8.
- the labyrinth seal 95 shown in FIG. 4 can be combined with the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the pump 1 shown in each of the above-described embodiments is a multi-stage pump having a plurality of impellers
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is also applicable to a double-suction single-stage pump and a single-suction single-stage pump. be able to.
- the present invention is applicable to a seal system used for a pump for increasing the pressure of a volatile liquid such as liquid ammonia.
Abstract
Description
一態様では、前記シールシステムは、前記逃しライン内の圧力が前記圧力範囲から外れたときにポンプ停止信号を発する信号発信機を備えている。
一態様では、前記シールシステムは、前記逃しラインに接続された圧力アキュムレータをさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記シールシステムは、前記逃しラインに接続されたドレンポットと、前記ドレンポット内の液面レベルを検出する液面検出器をさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記大気側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記大気側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールである。
一態様では、前記室内非接触シールはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室に面するバリアガス供給口を有しており、前記室内非接触シールは、前記バリアガス供給口の大気側に位置している。
一態様では、前記シールシステムは、前記ポンプ側シール室内に配置されたポンプ側非接触シールをさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記ポンプ側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記シールシステムは、前記第1静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第1温度センサと、前記第2静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第2温度センサをさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記ポンプシステムは、前記逃しライン内の圧力が前記圧力範囲から外れたときにポンプ停止信号を発する信号発信機を備えている。
一態様では、前記ポンプシステムは、前記逃しラインに接続された圧力アキュムレータをさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記ポンプシステムは、前記逃しラインに接続されたドレンポットと、前記ドレンポット内の液面レベルを検出する液面検出器をさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記大気側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記大気側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールである。
一態様では、前記室内非接触シールはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室に面するバリアガス供給口を有しており、前記室内非接触シールは、前記バリアガス供給口の大気側に位置している。
一態様では、前記ポンプシステムは、前記ポンプ側シール室内に配置されたポンプ側非接触シールをさらに備えている。
一態様では、前記ポンプ側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである。
一態様では、前記ポンプシステムは、前記第1静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第1温度センサと、前記第2静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第2温度センサをさらに備えている。
シール面の損傷により、揮発性液体がバリア室内に漏洩した場合であっても、圧力逃し弁および逃しラインを通じて揮発性流体(液相、気相、または気液二相の揮発性の流体)を回収することができる。さらに、非接触シールは、揮発性流体の流れを堰き止め、揮発性流体の周囲雰囲気への漏洩を防止することができる。
図1は、ポンプシステムの一実施形態を示す図である。このポンプシステムは、揮発性液体を昇圧するためのポンプ1と、揮発性液体の周囲雰囲気への漏洩を防止するためのシールシステム2とを備えている。本実施形態では、ポンプ1は多段ポンプである。すなわち、ポンプ1は、回転軸5と、回転軸5に固定された複数の羽根車7と、羽根車7が収容されるケーシング8とを備えている。本実施形態では、複数の羽根車7のうちの半分は一方向を向き、他の半分は反対方向を向いている。羽根車7をこのように配置することにより、羽根車7を回転させて揮発性液体を昇圧しているときに羽根車7に作用するスラスト力をキャンセルすることができる。一実施形態では、複数の羽根車7は同じ方向を向いてもよい。他の一実施形態では、ポンプ1は、1つの羽根車を備えた単段ポンプであってもよい。
2 シールシステム
5 回転軸
7 羽根車
8 ケーシング
8A 吸込み口
8B 吐出し口
10 ラジアル軸受
11 スラスト軸受
15 バランス機構
16 バランス室
17 バランスライン
20 メカニカルシール
21A 第1回転側シールリング
21B 第1静止側シールリング
22A 第2回転側シールリング
22B 第2静止側シールリング
23 第1スプリング
24 第2スプリング
30 バリア室
32 バリアガス供給システム
35 スタッフィングボックス
38 軸スリーブ
40 シールリングホルダ
43 ポンプ側シール室
46 バリアガス供給源
47 コンプレッサ
50 圧力制御弁
52 バリアガス供給ライン
53 バリアガス供給口
54 液体圧力センサ
56 逃しライン
57 圧力逃し弁
58 流体入口
60 気体圧力センサ
61 弁アクチュエータ
63 大気側シール室
66 バリアガス流入ライン
69 圧力制御弁
72 バリアガス回収ライン
73 フローティングシール
75 止め輪
77 スプリング
78 エアシリンダ
80 作動流体供給弁
81 作動流体供給源
85 信号発信機
87 運転制御部
88 圧力アキュムレータ
88a ダイヤフラム
90 ドレンポット
91 液面検出器
95 ラビリンスシール
97 フローティングシール
98 スプリング
100 バイパスライン
101 バイパス弁
102 開閉弁
110 溶媒液供給ライン
111 溶媒液回収ライン
112 溶媒液供給源
114 溶媒液温度センサ
115 フローサイト
121 第1温度センサ
122 第2温度センサ
125 信号発信機
Claims (32)
- 揮発性液体を昇圧するためのポンプに使用されるシールシステムであって、
バリア室およびポンプ側シール室を形成するスタッフィングボックスと、
前記バリア室内に配置されたメカニカルシールと、
前記ポンプ側シール室内の揮発性液体の圧力よりも高い圧力のバリアガスを前記バリア室内に供給するバリアガス供給システムを備え、
前記ポンプ側シール室は、前記ポンプの羽根車と前記メカニカルシールとの間に位置しており、
前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室内の圧力と、前記ポンプ側シール室内の圧力との差を一定に維持する圧力制御弁を備えている、シールシステム。 - 前記バリア室に接続された逃しラインと、
前記逃しラインに取り付けられた圧力逃し弁と、
前記逃しライン内の圧力が予め設定された圧力範囲から外れたときに、前記圧力逃し弁を開く弁アクチュエータをさらに備えている、請求項1に記載のシールシステム。 - 前記逃しライン内の圧力が前記圧力範囲から外れたときにポンプ停止信号を発する信号発信機を備えている、請求項2に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記逃しラインに接続された圧力アキュムレータをさらに備えている、請求項2または3に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記逃しラインに接続されたドレンポットと、
前記ドレンポット内の液面レベルを検出する液面検出器をさらに備えている、請求項2乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。 - 前記スタッフィングボックスは、前記メカニカルシールの大気側に位置する大気側シール室をさらに形成しており、
前記シールシステムは、前記大気側シール室内に配置された大気側非接触シールと、前記大気側シール室に連通するバリアガス流入ラインおよびバリアガス回収ラインをさらに備え、
前記バリアガス流入ラインは、前記バリアガス供給システムに接続されている、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。 - 前記大気側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである、請求項6に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記スタッフィングボックスは、前記メカニカルシールの大気側に位置する大気側シール室をさらに形成しており、
前記シールシステムは、前記大気側シール室内に配置された大気側非接触シールと、前記大気側シール室に連通する溶媒液供給ラインおよび溶媒液回収ラインをさらに備えている、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。 - 前記大気側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールである、請求項8に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記バリア室内に設けられた室内非接触シールをさらに備えている、請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記室内非接触シールはラビリンスシールである、請求項10に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室に面するバリアガス供給口を有しており、
前記室内非接触シールは、前記バリアガス供給口の大気側に位置している、請求項10または11に記載のシールシステム。 - 前記ポンプ側シール室内に配置されたポンプ側非接触シールをさらに備えている、請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記ポンプ側非接触シールは、前記ポンプの回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである、請求項13に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記メカニカルシールは、互いに接触する第1回転側シールリングおよび第1静止側シールリングと、互いに接触する第2回転側シールリングおよび第2静止側シールリングを備えたダブルメカニカルシールである、請求項1乃至14のいずれか一項に記載のシールシステム。
- 前記第1静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第1温度センサと、前記第2静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第2温度センサをさらに備えている、請求項15に記載のシールシステム。
- 揮発性液体を昇圧するためのポンプシステムであって、
回転軸と、
前記回転軸に固定された羽根車と、
前記羽根車が収容されたケーシングと、
バリア室およびポンプ側シール室を形成するスタッフィングボックスと、
前記バリア室内に配置されたメカニカルシールと、
前記ポンプ側シール室内の揮発性液体の圧力よりも高い圧力のバリアガスを前記バリア室内に供給するバリアガス供給システムを備え、
前記ポンプ側シール室は、前記羽根車と前記メカニカルシールとの間に位置しており、
前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室内の圧力と、前記ポンプ側シール室内の圧力との差を一定に維持する圧力制御弁を備えている、ポンプシステム。 - 前記バリア室に接続された逃しラインと、
前記逃しラインに取り付けられた圧力逃し弁と、
前記逃しライン内の圧力が予め設定された圧力範囲から外れたときに、前記圧力逃し弁を開く弁アクチュエータをさらに備えている、請求項17に記載のポンプシステム。 - 前記逃しライン内の圧力が前記圧力範囲から外れたときにポンプ停止信号を発する信号発信機を備えている、請求項18に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記逃しラインに接続された圧力アキュムレータをさらに備えている、請求項18または19に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記逃しラインに接続されたドレンポットと、
前記ドレンポット内の液面レベルを検出する液面検出器をさらに備えている、請求項18乃至20のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。 - 前記スタッフィングボックスは、前記メカニカルシールの大気側に位置する大気側シール室をさらに形成しており、
前記ポンプシステムは、前記大気側シール室内に配置された大気側非接触シールと、前記大気側シール室に連通するバリアガス流入ラインおよびバリアガス回収ラインをさらに備え、
前記バリアガス流入ラインは、前記バリアガス供給システムに接続されている、請求項17乃至21のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。 - 前記大気側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである、請求項22に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記スタッフィングボックスは、前記メカニカルシールの大気側に位置する大気側シール室をさらに形成しており、
前記シールシステムは、前記大気側シール室内に配置された大気側非接触シールと、前記大気側シール室に連通する溶媒液供給ラインおよび溶媒液回収ラインをさらに備えている、請求項17乃至21のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。 - 前記大気側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールである、請求項24に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記バリア室内に設けられた室内非接触シールをさらに備えている、請求項17乃至25のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記室内非接触シールはラビリンスシールである、請求項26に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記バリアガス供給システムは、前記バリア室に面するバリアガス供給口を有しており、
前記室内非接触シールは、前記バリアガス供給口の大気側に位置している、請求項26または27に記載のポンプシステム。 - 前記ポンプ側シール室内に配置されたポンプ側非接触シールをさらに備えている、請求項17乃至28のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記ポンプ側非接触シールは、前記回転軸を囲むフローティングシールまたはラビリンスシールである、請求項29に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記メカニカルシールは、互いに接触する第1回転側シールリングおよび第1静止側シールリングと、互いに接触する第2回転側シールリングおよび第2静止側シールリングを備えたダブルメカニカルシールである、請求項17乃至30のいずれか一項に記載のポンプシステム。
- 前記第1静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第1温度センサと、前記第2静止側シールリングの温度を測定する第2温度センサをさらに備えている、請求項31に記載のポンプシステム。
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