WO2020013167A1 - Système de traitement de l'eau contaminee au tritium - Google Patents

Système de traitement de l'eau contaminee au tritium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020013167A1
WO2020013167A1 PCT/JP2019/027099 JP2019027099W WO2020013167A1 WO 2020013167 A1 WO2020013167 A1 WO 2020013167A1 JP 2019027099 W JP2019027099 W JP 2019027099W WO 2020013167 A1 WO2020013167 A1 WO 2020013167A1
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Prior art keywords
tritium
gas
contaminated water
treatment system
casing
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PCT/JP2019/027099
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正己 奥山
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正己 奥山
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Publication of WO2020013167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020013167A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B4/00—Hydrogen isotopes; Inorganic compounds thereof prepared by isotope exchange, e.g. NH3 + D2 → NH2D + HD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/02—Treating gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/08—Processing by evaporation; by distillation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tritium-contaminated water treatment system for removing tritium from tritium-contaminated water containing tritium.
  • Tritium-contaminated water which is a mixture of tritium water and ordinary water, is passed through the inside of the water supply pipe, and only the hydrogen nucleus of ordinary water is resonated by electromagnetic action on tritium-contaminated water to evaporate into tritium water and ordinary water.
  • the fluid activating device that causes the difference, the vacuum distillation process is performed on the tritium water and the ordinary water having the evaporation temperature difference sent from the fluid activating device, and only the ordinary water is evaporated and separated to condense the evaporated components.
  • a tritium-contaminated water treatment apparatus having a reduced-pressure distillation / separation apparatus for sending tritium water to a storage tank as concentrated tritium water for storage by sending the tritium water to a storage tank for drainage see Patent Document 1.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment device disclosed in Patent Literature 1 separates tritium water and ordinary water contained in tritium-contaminated water generated in a nuclear facility, and uses a small-scale storage tank for storing concentrated tritium water. And the storage cost can be reduced. However, tritium cannot be removed from the concentrated tritium water, and the concentrated tritium-contaminated water still remains, and tritium cannot be completely removed from the tritium-contaminated water.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tritium-contaminated water treatment system capable of reliably separating tritium from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam containing tritium and completely removing tritium from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam. To provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tritium-contaminated water treatment system capable of generating a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel while removing tritium from tritium-contaminated water and tritium-contaminated steam.
  • the premise of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a tritium-contaminated water treatment system for removing tritium from tritium-contaminated water containing tritium.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system separates oxygen from either tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor obtained by evaporating tritium-contaminated water to generate hydrogen gas and tritium gas.
  • a catalytic reactor is provided, and the catalytic reactor is formed of a casing and heating means for heating the casing to a predetermined temperature.
  • an alkali metal hydroxide and austenitic stainless steel are contained inside the casing.
  • either one of the tritium contaminated water and tritium contaminated vapor is injected into the casing, while heating the casing to a predetermined temperature by the heating means, NaOH inside the casing + Fe + H 2 O + HTO ⁇ Na a Fe B O C T D + 1.5H 2 + HT tritium contaminated water also by a vapor layer reaction of In that the tritium contaminated steam is processed gas into a mixed gas and hydrogen gas (H 2) and tritium gas (HT).
  • H 2 mixed gas and hydrogen gas
  • HT tritium gas
  • an austenitic stainless steel may be a finely pulverized powder metal catalyst, a granular metal catalyst, a plate metal catalyst, a linear metal catalyst. It is housed inside the casing in the form of at least one of the metal catalysts.
  • the austenitic stainless steel housed inside the casing is at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L.
  • the tritium treatment system includes a cold trap or a water trap installed downstream of the catalytic reactor to liquefy water vapor flowing out of the casing.
  • the temperature of the casing heated by the heating means is in the range of 450 to 550 ° C.
  • the pressure inside the casing is in the range of ⁇ 0.1 to +0.1 MPs.
  • the casing is made of austenitic stainless steel.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide is at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
  • a tritium-contaminated water treatment system converts a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) gasified in a catalytic reactor into hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas.
  • a cooling tower that extends vertically and is wound around the outer circumference of the cooling tower from the lower end to the upper end of the cooling tower, and is formed in a catalytic reactor.
  • Tritium gas (HT) formed of a long tube into which a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) flows into and separated in the separation tower winds around the lower end of the cooling tower.
  • the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) separated in the separation tower is located on the long tube, and the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is located on the long tube wound around the remaining portion except for the lower end of the cooling tower.
  • a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the long tube.
  • the height of the cooling tower in the vertical direction is in the range of 4 to 100 m, and the temperature of the cooling tower is in the range of 0 to 5 ° C.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide and the austenitic stainless steel are housed inside the casing of the catalytic reactor, and the tritium-contaminated water and the tritium-contaminated water are vaporized from the tritium-contaminated water.
  • the tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor is gasified into a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) by the + HT gas phase reaction, tritium is converted from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor to tritium gas. (HT) can be reliably separated.
  • the tritium from the contaminated water and tritium contamination steam can be completely removed.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system generates a large amount of hydrogen gas by gasifying tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam, and the hydrogen gas can be used as a fuel. Fuel can be produced.
  • Tritium-contaminated water treatment systems housed inside the casing in form use austenitic stainless steel metal catalysts and alkali metal hydroxides in those forms to produce tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam. Gasification treatment can be performed reliably, and tritium can be reliably separated as tritium gas (HT) from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor, and tritium can be completely removed from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor. it can.
  • HT tritium gas
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system generates a large amount of hydrogen gas by gasifying tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam using these forms of austenitic stainless steel metal catalyst and alkali metal hydroxide.
  • the hydrogen gas can be used as fuel, and a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel can be generated while removing tritium.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system in which the austenitic stainless steel accommodated inside the casing is at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L includes at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L as the austenitic stainless steel.
  • an alkali metal hydroxide it is possible to reliably gasify tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam, and to reliably separate tritium from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam as tritium gas (HT).
  • tritium can be completely removed from tritium-contaminated water and tritium-contaminated vapor.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system generates a large amount of hydrogen gas by gasifying tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam using at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L and an alkali metal hydroxide.
  • the hydrogen gas can be used as fuel, and a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel can be generated while removing tritium.
  • a tritium-contaminated water treatment system that includes a cold trap or water trap installed downstream of the catalytic reactor to liquefy water vapor flowing out of the casing liquefies the water vapor contained in the mixed gas flowing out of the casing by the cold trap or water trap.
  • a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) from which water vapor has been removed and tritium gas (HT) can be taken out, and tritium is reliably separated as tritium gas (HT) from tritium-contaminated water or vapor.
  • HT tritium gas
  • the tritium contaminated water treatment system in which the temperature of the casing heated by the heating means is in the range of 450 to 550 ° C. and the internal pressure of the casing is in the range of ⁇ 0.1 to +0.1 MPs, to the air pressure inside the casing by the range, NaOH + Fe + H 2 O + HTO ⁇ Na a Fe B O C T D + 1.5H 2 + HT gas-bed reaction is promoted in the interior of the casing, tritium contaminated water and tritium contamination Tritium can be reliably separated from the steam as tritium gas (HT), and a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel can be generated.
  • HT tritium gas
  • Tritium contaminated water treatment system casing is made from austenitic stainless steel, to make a casing of austenitic stainless steel, NaOH in the interior of the casing + Fe + H 2 O + HTO ⁇ Na A Fe B O C T D + 1.5H 2 + HT
  • a gas phase reaction occurs reliably, and tritium can be reliably separated from tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated vapor as tritium gas (HT), and a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel can be generated.
  • HT tritium gas
  • a tritium-contaminated water treatment system in which the alkali metal hydroxide is at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide comprises at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide and an austenitic stainless steel catalyst.
  • Tritium can be completely removed from water and tritium contaminated vapor.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system gasifies tritium-contaminated water or tritium-contaminated steam by using at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide and an austenitic stainless steel catalyst to produce a large amount of hydrogen gas. Is generated, the hydrogen gas can be used as fuel, and a large amount of hydrogen gas fuel can be generated while removing tritium.
  • It includes a separation column for separating a mixed gas of the gasification process hydrogen gas in a catalytic reactor with (H 2) and tritium gas (HT) into and hydrogen gas (H 2) and tritium gas (HT), the separation tower A cooling tower extending in a vertical direction, and a hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and a tritium gas (HT) which are wound around the outer circumferential surface of the cooling tower from the lower end to the upper end of the cooling tower and generated in the catalytic reactor.
  • H 2 hydrogen gas
  • HT tritium gas
  • the tritium gas (HT) formed from a long tube into which the mixed gas flows and separated in the separation tower is located in the long tube wound around the lower end of the cooling tower, and the hydrogen gas (H) separated in the separation tower is 2 )
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system which is located in a long tube wound around the remaining portion excluding the lower end of the cooling tower, is capable of converting hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated in the catalytic reactor.
  • the mixed gas is separated into hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) in the separation tower, and the tritium gas (HT) is located in a long tube wound around the lower end of the separation tower, and hydrogen gas (H 2 ) Is located on the long tube wrapped around the remaining part except the lower end of the cooling tower, so that the mixed gas generated in the catalytic reactor is surely converted into hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) in the separation tower.
  • Separation can be performed, only hydrogen gas (H 2 ) can be taken out as fuel, and tritium gas (HT) can be taken out to completely remove tritium from tritium-contaminated water and tritium-contaminated vapor.
  • a tritium-contaminated water treatment system in which a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions are formed on the inner peripheral surface of a long tube mixes hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) flowing into the long tube.
  • the gas collides with the projections and depressions, and the velocity of movement of the heavy tritium gas (HT) is slower than that of the light hydrogen gas (H 2 ), and the tritium gas (HT) is wrapped around the lower end of the separation tower. It can be located in a long tube, and can be located in a long tube which wraps hydrogen gas (H 2 ) around the remaining portion except the lower end of the separation tower.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system can surely separate the mixed gas generated in the catalytic reactor into hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) in the separation tower, and use only the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) as fuel.
  • H 2 hydrogen gas
  • HT tritium gas
  • the vertical height of the cooling tower is in the range of 4 to 100 m, and the temperature of the cooling tower is in the range of 0 to 5 ° C.
  • the vertical height of the cooling tower is in the above range. By doing so, the length of the long tube wound around the cooling tower can be lengthened, and a large amount of hydrogen can be taken out in the separation tower.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system by setting the temperature of the cooling tower within the above range, the motion of the mixed gas inside the long tube is reduced, and the long tube that winds the tritium gas (HT) around the lower end of the cooling tower is used. And the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) can be positioned in a long tube that wraps around the remaining portion except for the lower end of the cooling tower.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a catalytic reactor shown as an example.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing a catalytic reactor in operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A shown as an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B shown as an example, and
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the separation tower 14 shown as an example.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the inside of the long tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows only one contaminated water storage tank 11, but a plurality of contaminated water storage tanks 11 exist in the actual tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A.
  • a plurality of separation towers 14 are prepared in the actual tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A extracts tritium from tritium-contaminated water containing tritium as tritium gas (HT), and removes tritium from tritium-contaminated water.
  • HT tritium gas
  • the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A includes a contaminated water storage tank 11, first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B, a cold trap 13, a separation tower 14, a cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller), and a vacuum pump 16.
  • the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B separate oxygen from tritium-contaminated water to generate hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT), and convert the tritium-contaminated water into a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and tritium gas.
  • H 2 hydrogen gas
  • HT tritium gas
  • Process In FIG. 1, two catalytic reactors 12A and 12B are connected in parallel, but the number of catalytic reactors is not limited, and three or more catalytic reactors may be connected in parallel. Further, two or more catalytic reactors may be connected in series.
  • the contaminated water storage tank 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a predetermined volume, and is located upstream of the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B.
  • the contaminated water storage tank 11 stores a predetermined amount of tritium-contaminated water containing tritium.
  • the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B are located downstream of the contaminated water storage tank 11 and are connected to the contaminated water storage tank 11 by a water pipe 17 (pipe).
  • the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B are formed of a casing 18 having a predetermined volume formed in a cylindrical shape or a box shape that is long in one direction, and a heating means 19 for heating the casing 18 to a predetermined temperature.
  • a cassette 20 having a predetermined volume formed in a cylindrical shape or a box shape that is long in one direction is accommodated.
  • the casing 17 and the cassette 20 are made of austenitic stainless steel. At least one of SUS304, SUS304L and SUS316L is used for the austenitic stainless steel.
  • An opening / closing lid 22 is provided at a rear end 21 of the casing 18. The inside of the casing 18 is opened by opening the open / close lid 22, and the inside is closed airtight by closing the open / close lid 22.
  • the cassette 20 is housed in the casing 18 so as to be insertable and removable. Inside the cassette 20 (casing 18), an alkali metal hydroxide 23 and austenitic stainless steel 24 are accommodated.
  • the cassette 20 has an opening / closing lid 26 at a rear end 25 thereof, and a plurality of exhaust openings 28 arranged in one direction at a top 27 thereof.
  • a connection opening (not shown) is formed in the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20 so as to be airtightly connected to the water pipe 17.
  • a replenishing line 29 (pipe) for replenishing the hydroxide 23 is detachably connected to the top portion 27 of the cassette 20, and a gas line 30 (pipe) is detachably connected.
  • a refill valve 31 (manual valve) is provided in the refill line 29.
  • the inside of the cassette 20 is opened by opening the opening / closing lid 26, and the inside thereof is airtightly closed by closing the opening / closing lid 26.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide 23 contained in the cassette 20 (casing 18) at least one of sodium hydroxide (NAOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used.
  • the austenitic stainless steel 24 housed inside the cassette 20 (casing 18) at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L is used.
  • the austenitic stainless steel 24 includes finely pulverized austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powder metal catalyst), granular austenitic stainless steel catalyst (granular metal catalyst), and plate-shaped plate Stored in the cassette 20 (casing 18) in at least one form of an austenitic stainless steel catalyst (plate-shaped metal catalyst) or a linear austenitic stainless steel catalyst (linear metal catalyst) formed into an elongated linear shape. Is done.
  • the heating means 19 is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the casing 18, and heats the casing 18 to a temperature in the range of 450 to 550 ° C.
  • a mantle heater or a jacket heater is used, and as the heating method, resistance heating or high-frequency induction heating is used.
  • the control unit of the heating unit 19 is connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface (wired or wireless).
  • a water pipe 17 extending between the contaminated water storage tank 11 and the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B has a water supply pump 32 for supplying tritium contaminated water to the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B. And a water supply valve 33 (electromagnetic valve) for opening and closing the water pipe 17.
  • the control units of the water supply pump 32 and the water supply valve 33 are connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface.
  • the cold trap 13 is located downstream of the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B, and is connected to the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B by a gas line 30.
  • the cold trap 13 liquefies a small amount of water vapor flowing out of the cassette 20 (casing 18).
  • a water trap can be used in addition to the cold trap 13.
  • a gas supply line 34 (electromagnetic valve) that opens and closes the gas line 30 is installed in the gas line 30 extending between the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B and the cold trap 13.
  • the control section of the air supply valve 34 is connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface.
  • the separation tower 14 is located downstream of the cold trap 13 and converts a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) gasified in the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B into hydrogen. Gas and tritium gas.
  • the separation tower 14 includes a cooling tower 35 and a long tube 36.
  • the cooling tower 35 is formed in a column shape extending in the vertical direction.
  • the cooling tower 35 may have a rectangular column shape or a polygonal column shape in addition to the columnar shape.
  • the height of the cooling tower 35 in the vertical direction from the lower end 37 to the upper end 38 is in the range of 4 to 100 m.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A can increase the length of the long tube 36 wound around the cooling tower 35 by setting the height of the cooling tower 35 in the vertical direction to the above range.
  • the storage amount of the mixed gas at 36 can be increased.
  • the long tube 36 is a rubber tube or a synthetic resin tube, and is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cooling tower 35 from the lower end 37 to the upper end 38 of the cooling tower 35. A part of the outer circumferential surface of the long tube 36 is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cooling tower 35.
  • a plurality of convex portions 39 protruding from the inner peripheral surface toward the center, and a plurality of concave portions 40 concave from the center toward the inner peripheral surface. Are formed, and the inner peripheral surface is not flat.
  • a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated in the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B flows into the long tube 36.
  • the long tube 36 located at the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35 is connected to the cold trap 13 by a gas line 41 (pipe).
  • a tritium gas extraction pipe 42 for extracting tritium gas (HT) is provided in the long tube 36 located at the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the tritium gas outlet pipe 42 is detachably connected to a tritium gas storage tank (not shown).
  • the tritium gas extraction pipe 42 is provided with a tritium gas exhaust valve 43 (manual valve) for opening and closing the pipe 42.
  • a hydrogen gas extraction pipe 44 for extracting hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is provided in the long tube 36 located at the upper end 38 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the hydrogen gas extraction pipe 44 is detachably connected to a hydrogen gas storage tank (not shown).
  • the hydrogen gas extraction pipe 44 is provided with a hydrogen gas exhaust valve 45 (manual valve) for opening and closing the pipe 44.
  • the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller) is connected to the central portion 46 of the cooling tower 35 and cools the cooling tower 35 to a predetermined temperature.
  • the cooling temperature of the cooling tower 35 is in the range of 0 to 5 ° C. Therefore, the long tube 36 is cooled by the cooling tower 35 to a temperature range of 0 to 5 ° C.
  • the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller) is connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface.
  • the vacuum pump 16 is installed in a gas pipe 41 connecting the cold trap 13 and the long tube 36 located at the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the vacuum pump 16 evacuates the cold trap 13 and the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B.
  • the pressure inside the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B (the pressure inside the casing 18) evacuated by the vacuum pump 16 is maintained in the range of ⁇ 0.1 to +0.1 MPs.
  • a gas flow meter 47, a gas supply pump 48, and a mixed gas injection valve 49 are installed in the gas pipeline 41 extending between the vacuum pump 16 and the long tube 36.
  • the gas flow meter 47, the gas supply pump 48, and the mixed gas injection valve 49 are arranged in the order of the gas flow meter 47, the gas supply pump 48, and the mixed gas injection valve 49 from the upstream side to the downstream side of the gas pipeline 41. In.
  • the gas flow meter 47 measures the flow rate of the mixed gas flowing through the gas pipeline 41.
  • the gas flow meter 47 is connected to a controller (not shown) via the control unit, and transmits the measured flow rate to the controller.
  • the gas supply pump 48 supplies a predetermined amount of the mixed gas to the long tube 36.
  • the gas supply pump 48 is connected to a controller (not shown) via a control unit thereof.
  • the mixed gas injection valve 49 opens and closes the gas pipeline 41.
  • the control section of the mixed gas injection valve 49 is connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface.
  • the controller is a physical computer having a central processing unit (CPU or MPU) and a memory (main memory and cache memory) and operated by an independent operating system (OS). I have.
  • a touch panel (not shown) which is a liquid crystal screen is connected to the controller.
  • the set outputs of the water supply pump 32 and the gas supply pump 48, the set vacuum degree of the vacuum pump 16, the set heating temperature of the heating means 19, the set temperature of the cooling water circulation device (chiller) 15, and the length The set storage amount of the mixed gas in the measuring tube 36 is stored (stored).
  • the set output of the water supply pump 32 and the gas supply pump 48, the set vacuum degree of the vacuum pump 16, the set heating temperature of the heating means 19, the set temperature of the cooling water circulation device (chiller) 15, and the set storage amount of the long tube 36 are as follows. It can be freely set and changed on the touch panel.
  • the controller controls the amount of tritium-contaminated water supplied by the water supply pump 32 (output of the water supply pump 32), and controls the amount of mixed gas supplied by the gas supply pump 48 (output of the gas supply pump 48).
  • the controller controls the heating temperature of the heating means 19 (output of the heating means 19), and controls the degree of vacuum of the vacuum pump 16 (output of the vacuum pump 16).
  • the controller controls the cooling temperature (output of the cooling water circulating device 15) in the cooling water circulating device 15 (chiller), and controls the start and stop of the water supply valve 33, the air supply valve 34, and the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A in operation
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 2 showing the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B in operation.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a gasification process in the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A.
  • An example of the procedure of the gasification treatment in the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A is as follows. In the following description, it is assumed that a plurality of separation towers 14 are prepared.
  • the open / close lid 26 of the cassette 20 is opened to open the inside of the cassette 20, and the inside of the cassette 20 contains sodium hydroxide (NAOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).
  • a hydroxide 23 of an alkali metal and a powdery austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powder metal catalyst), a granular austenitic stainless steel catalyst (granular metal catalyst), At least one (austenitic stainless steel 24) of an austenitic stainless steel catalyst (plate metal catalyst) and a linear austenitic stainless steel catalyst (linear metal catalyst) is accommodated. It is assumed that the inside of the cassette 20 contains sodium hydroxide and a powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst (a powdery metal catalyst).
  • the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20 is closed, and the inside of the cassette 20 is airtightly closed.
  • the stainless steel powder metal catalyst is sealed inside the cassette 20.
  • the opening / closing lid 22 of the casing 18 is opened to open the inside thereof, the cassette 20 is accommodated inside the casing 18, and the water pipe 17 is airtightly connected to the connection opening of the cassette 20, and the top 27 of the cassette 20 is closed.
  • the opening / closing lid 22 is closed to hermetically close the inside of the casing 18.
  • an initial screen displaying a system start button and an OFF button is displayed (output) on the touch panel connected to the controller. Tapping (clicking) the OFF button turns off the controller.
  • a set value confirmation screen (not shown) is displayed (output) on the touch panel.
  • the set value confirmation screen includes a feed water pump set output display area displaying the set output of the feed pump 32, a gas feed pump set output display area displaying the set output of the gas feed pump 48, and a set vacuum degree of the vacuum pump 16.
  • a set vacuum degree display area displaying the set heating temperature of the heating means 19
  • a set temperature display area displaying the set temperature of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller)
  • a confirmation button displaying the set temperature of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller)
  • a set button A cancel button is displayed. Tapping (clicking) the cancel button returns to the initial screen (the same applies to the following cancel button).
  • each display area is blank.
  • tap the setting button on the set value confirmation screen When the setting button is tapped, a setting value input screen (not shown) is displayed (output) on the touch panel.
  • the set value input screen includes a water supply pump setting output input area for inputting a setting output of the water supply pump 32, a gas supply pump setting output input area for inputting a setting output of the gas supply pump 48, and a set vacuum degree of the vacuum pump 16.
  • a setting temperature input area for inputting a setting temperature of the cooling water circulating device 15 (chiller), a setting registration button, and a return. Button and cancel button are displayed.
  • each input area the set value that has already been input is displayed.
  • the setting registration button To change (or newly input) the set value of each input area, after changing (or newly input) the set value displayed in each input area, tap the setting registration button.
  • the controller updates the setting value stored in the large-capacity storage area to the setting value input to each input area, and then displays (outputs) a setting value confirmation screen on the touch panel.
  • the controller After changing the setting value (or newly inputting) or when there is no change in the setting value, tap the confirmation button on the setting value confirmation screen to activate the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A.
  • the controller sends a water supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control unit of the water supply pump 32, and sends a supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) to the control unit of the gas supply pump 48.
  • an activation signal The controller transmits a heating temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal in the control section of the heating means 19, and transmits a vacuum degree setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control section of the vacuum pump 16.
  • the controller transmits a cooling temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller), and transmits a start signal to the control unit of the gas flow meter 47.
  • the controller transmits an open signal (ON signal) to the control unit of the water supply valve 33, the control unit of the air supply valve 34, and the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the water supply pump 32 that has received the water supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller starts the water supply pump 32 and operates the water supply pump 32 at the set water supply amount.
  • the control unit of the gas supply pump 48 that has received the supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and the start signal from the controller activates the gas supply pump 48 and operates the gas supply pump 48 at the set supply amount. I do.
  • the control unit of the heating unit 19 that has received the heating temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the heating unit 19 and operates the heating unit 19 at the set heating temperature.
  • the control unit of the vacuum pump 16 that has received the vacuum degree setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the vacuum pump 16 and operates the vacuum pump 16 at the set vacuum degree.
  • the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 that has received the cooling temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the cooling water circulation device 15 and operates the cooling water circulation device 15 at the set cooling temperature.
  • the gas flow meter 47 that has received the activation signal from the controller starts measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas flowing through the gas pipeline 41 and transmits the measured flow rate to the controller.
  • the control unit of the water supply valve 33 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the water supply valve 33 and opens the water pipe 17.
  • the control unit of the air supply valve 34 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the air supply valve 34 and opens the gas pipeline 30.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 49 and opens the gas pipeline 41.
  • the controller displays a flow rate display area displaying the flow rate of the mixed gas measured by the gas flow meter 47 and the integrated value of the flow rate, and a system OFF button on the touch panel. When the system OFF button is tapped, the operating tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A stops. Note that the valve mechanisms of the refill valve 31, the tritium gas exhaust valve 43, and the hydrogen gas exhaust valve 45 are manually closed.
  • the vacuum pump 16 When the vacuum pump 16 is started, the vacuum is drawn by the vacuum pump 16 operated at the set degree of vacuum, and the pressure inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) is set to the set pressure (in the range of -0.1 to + 0.1MPs, FIG. In No. 7, it is kept at -0.1MPs).
  • the cooling water circulating device 15 When the cooling water circulating device 15 (chiller) is activated, the cooling tower 35 is cooled by the cooling water circulating device 15, and the long tube 36 is further cooled by the cooling tower 35 to a range of 0 to 5 ° C.
  • the heating temperature of the casing 18 (cassette 20) is lower than 450 ° C. and the air pressure inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) exceeds +0.1 MPa, the gas phase reaction inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) is promoted. And the gasification treatment of tritium-contaminated water cannot be performed quickly.
  • the heating temperature of the casing 18 (cassette 20) is within the above range and the air pressure inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) is within the above range, the air inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) is not heated. The layer reaction can be promoted, and the tritium-contaminated water can be quickly gasified.
  • the tritium-contaminated water flows into the cassette 20 from the water pipe 17 through the connection opening of the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20, as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
  • sodium hydroxide (NAOH) alkali metal hydroxide 23 contained therein melts to form a molten salt catalyst
  • sodium hydroxide (NAOH) molten salt
  • Catalyst) and a powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powder metal catalyst) (austenitic stainless steel 24) exhibit excellent catalytic activity (catalysis), separate oxygen from tritium-contaminated water, and obtain NaOH + Fe + H shown in FIG.
  • the separated oxygen is converted into sodium hydroxide (NAOH) (alkali metal hydroxide 23) and powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powdered metal catalyst) (austenitic stainless steel). 24).
  • NAOH sodium hydroxide
  • Powdered metal catalyst powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst
  • HT tritium gas
  • HT tritium gas
  • the valve mechanism of the air supply valve 34 is opened, and a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated by the gasification process flows out of the exhaust opening 28 of the cassette 20 into the casing 18, and from the casing 18.
  • the gas flows into the gas line 30 and flows into the cold trap 13 through the air supply valve 34.
  • a small amount of water vapor contained in the mixed gas is liquefied, the liquefied water vapor (water) is discharged to the outside of the cold trap 13, and the mixed gas from which the water vapor has been removed is discharged from the cold trap 13 through a gas pipe. It flows into the road 41.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A liquefies the steam contained in the mixed gas flowing out of the cassette 20 (the casing 18) by the cold trap 13 so that the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) from which the steam is removed and the tritium gas (HT) Can be taken out.
  • the mixed gas that has flowed into the gas pipe 41 flows into the gas flow meter 47 through the vacuum pump 16, and the flow rate is measured by the flow meter 47.
  • the flow meter 47 transmits the measured flow rate of the mixed gas to the controller, and the controller displays the flow rate of the mixed gas and the integrated value of the flow rate received from the flow meter 47 on the touch panel in a time series.
  • the mixed gas flows into the long tube 36 through the gas injection valve 49 and flows inside the long tube 36 from the lower end 37 to the upper end 38 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the controller issues a mixed gas injection completion message and The separation tower replacement message and the separation tower replacement completion button are displayed on the touch panel, and a closing signal (OFF signal) is transmitted to the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 closes the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 49 according to the closing signal received from the controller, and stops the flow of the mixed gas into the long tube 36.
  • the separation tower 14 in which the mixed gas has reached the set storage amount of the long tube 36 is disconnected from the long tube 36 and the gas line 41 and is separated from the system 10A, and is stored at a predetermined location. After separating the separation tower 14 in which the mixed gas reaches the set storage amount from the system 10A, a new separation tower 14 having no mixed gas in the long tube 36 is connected to the system 10A (replaced). After connecting the new separation tower 14 to the system 10A by connecting the long tube 36 of the new separation tower 14 and the gas pipe 41, the separation tower replacement completion button displayed on the touch panel is tapped.
  • the controller transmits an open signal (ON signal) to the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 opens the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 49 according to the opening signal received from the controller, and restarts the flow of the mixed gas into the long tube 36.
  • the mixed gas generated in the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B by the procedure described above is sequentially stored in the long tubes 36 of the plurality of separation towers 14.
  • the mixed gas inside the long tube 36 of each of the separation towers 14 separated and stored from the system 10A is cooled to 0 to 5 ° C. in the long tube 36 cooled by the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller).
  • the cooling water circulation device 15 chloriller
  • the movement speed of the heavy tritium gas (HT) is reduced faster than that of the light hydrogen gas (H 2 ). I do.
  • the mixed gas is cooled to a low temperature of a predetermined temperature, and the mixed gas repeatedly collides with the convex portions 39 and the concave portions 40 of the tubes 36 to reduce the movement speed, so that the mixed gas is cooled. It is gradually separated into hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT).
  • the tritium gas separated in the separation tower 14 has a heavier mass than the hydrogen gas, and is located in the long tube 36 wound around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the hydrogen gas separated in the separation tower 14 is lighter in mass than the tritium gas, and is located in the long tube 36 wrapped around the remaining portions (the central portion 46 and the upper end portion 38) of the cooling tower 35 except for the lower end portion 37. .
  • the separation time of the mixed gas in the separation tower 14 (long tube 36) is 6 to 24 hours, depending on the set storage amount of the mixed gas in the long tube 36.
  • the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and the tritium gas (HT) in the long tube 36 are measured using a gas dosimeter (not shown) to confirm that the gas separation is completed. Confirm.
  • a tritium gas extraction pipe 42 extending to the lower end of the long tube 36 is connected to a tritium gas storage tank, and A hydrogen gas extraction line 44 extending to the upper end of the tube 36 is connected to the hydrogen gas storage tank.
  • the controller sends a stop signal to the control unit of the water supply pump 32, sends a stop signal to the control unit of the gas supply pump 48, and sends a stop signal to the control unit of the heating means 19.
  • a stop signal is transmitted to the control unit of the vacuum pump 16
  • a stop signal is transmitted to the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller)
  • a stop signal is transmitted to the control unit of the gas flow meter 47.
  • the controller transmits a closing signal (OFF signal) to the control unit of the water supply valve 33, the control unit of the air supply valve 34, and the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the controller displays a system stop message on the touch panel.
  • the control unit of the water supply pump 32 that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the water supply pump 32, and the control unit of the gas supply pump 48 that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the gas supply pump 48.
  • the control unit of the heating means 19 that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the heating means 19.
  • the control unit of the vacuum pump 16 that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the vacuum pump 16, and the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller) that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the cooling water circulation device 15,
  • the gas flow meter 47 that has received the stop signal from the controller stops the flow measurement 47.
  • the control unit of the water supply valve 33, the control unit of the air supply valve 34, and the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49, which have received the closing signal (OFF signal) from the controller close the valve mechanisms of the valves 33, 34, and 49.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A includes an alkali metal hydroxide 23 (at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) and an austenitic stainless steel that is at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A uses a metal catalyst of austenitic stainless steel 24 in these forms and a molten salt catalyst of hydroxide 23 of an alkali metal (at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide). Gasification of tritium-contaminated water to generate large amounts of hydrogen gas, which can be used as fuel, and to produce large amounts of hydrogen gas fuel while removing tritium from tritium-contaminated water Can be.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A is configured such that a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated in the cassette 20 (casing 18) of the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B is separated in the separation tower 14.
  • the hydrogen gas and the tritium gas are separated, and the tritium gas is located in the long tube 36 which wraps around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35, and the hydrogen gas wraps around the remaining portion excluding the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35. Since it is located in the measuring tube 36, the mixed gas generated in the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B can be surely separated into hydrogen gas and tritium gas in the separation tower 14, and only hydrogen gas can be taken out as fuel. At the same time, by removing tritium gas, tritium can be completely removed from tritium-contaminated water. That.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A has a long mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated by gasifying tritium-contaminated water in the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B.
  • the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas and the tritium gas flows into the long tube 36 and repeatedly collides with the convex portions 39 and the concave portions 40 formed inside the long tube 36, and the moving velocity of the heavy tritium gas is increased by the mass.
  • the tritium gas can be positioned in the long tube 36 wrapped around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35, and the hydrogen gas can be moved to the remaining portion except the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35. It can be located on the long tube 36 to be wound.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the operating tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B in operation.
  • This tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B differs from that of FIG. 1 in that it has a steam generator 50 for vaporizing tritium-contaminated water to produce tritium-contaminated steam. (Casing 18), and the other configurations are the same as those of the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A of FIG. 1. Therefore, the same reference numerals as those of the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10A of FIG.
  • the detailed description of the other configuration of the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B is omitted.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B extracts tritium from tritium-contaminated vapor containing tritium as tritium gas (HT) and removes tritium from tritium-contaminated vapor, similarly to that of FIG.
  • the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10B includes a contaminated water storage tank 11, a steam generator 50, first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B, a cold trap 13, a separation tower 14, a cooling water circulator 15 (chiller), and a vacuum pump 16 And is formed from
  • the contaminated water storage tank 11, the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B, the cold trap 13, the separation tower 14, the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller), and the vacuum pump 16 are the same as those of the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A in FIG. Is the same as
  • the alkali metal hydroxide 23 and the austenitic stainless steel 24 housed inside the cassette 20 (casing 18) are the same as those of the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A of FIG.
  • the heating temperature of the casing 18 (cassette 20) (range of 450 to 550 ° C.), the atmospheric pressure inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) (range of ⁇ 0.1 to +0.1 MPs), and cooling of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller)
  • the temperatures (in the range of 0-5 ° C.) are the same as those of the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10A of FIG.
  • the steam generator 50 is located between the contaminated water storage tank 11 and the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B, is connected to the contaminated water storage tank 11 by a water line 17, and has a steam line 51 (pipe). Are connected to the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B (cassette 20).
  • the steam generator 50 heats tritium-contaminated water supplied from the contaminated water storage tank 11 to tritium-contaminated steam.
  • the control unit of the steam generator 50 is connected to a controller (not shown) via an interface.
  • An example of the procedure of the gasification treatment in the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10B is as follows. In the following description, it is assumed that a plurality of separation towers 14 are prepared. The inside of the cassette 20 is opened by opening the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20, and sodium hydroxide (NAOH) (alkali metal hydroxide 23) is contained in the inside of the cassette 20, and the powdered austenite is contained in the inside of the cassette 20. A stainless steel catalyst (powder catalyst) (austenitic stainless steel 24) is accommodated.
  • the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20 is closed to hermetically close the inside of the cassette 20.
  • the opening / closing lid 22 of the casing 18 is opened to open the inside thereof, the cassette 20 is accommodated in the casing 18, and the steam pipe 51 is airtightly connected to the connection opening of the cassette 20, and the top part 27 of the cassette 20 is refilled.
  • the opening / closing lid 22 is closed to hermetically close the inside of the casing 18.
  • the controller transmits a water supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control unit of the water supply pump 32, and transmits a steam amount setting signal ( A set output signal) and a start signal are transmitted, and an air supply amount set signal (set output signal) and a start signal are transmitted to the control unit of the gas supply pump 48.
  • the controller transmits a heating temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal in the control section of the heating means 19, and transmits a vacuum degree setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control section of the vacuum pump 16.
  • the controller transmits a cooling temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and a start signal to the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller), and transmits a start signal to the control unit of the gas flow meter 47.
  • the controller transmits an open signal (ON signal) to the control unit of the water supply valve 33, the control unit of the air supply valve 34, and the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the water supply pump 32 that has received the water supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller starts the water supply pump 32 and operates the water supply pump 32 at the set water supply amount.
  • the control unit of the steam generator 50 that has received the steam amount setting signal (setting output signal) and the start signal from the controller activates the steam generator 50 and operates the steam generator 50 with the set steam amount.
  • the control unit of the gas supply pump 48 that has received the supply amount setting signal (setting output signal) and the start signal from the controller activates the gas supply pump 48 and operates the gas supply pump 48 at the set supply amount. I do.
  • the control unit of the heating unit 19 that has received the heating temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the heating unit 19 and operates the heating unit 19 at the set heating temperature.
  • the control unit of the vacuum pump 16 that has received the vacuum degree setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the vacuum pump 16 and operates the vacuum pump 16 at the set vacuum degree.
  • the control unit of the cooling water circulation device 15 that has received the cooling temperature setting signal (setting output signal) and the activation signal from the controller activates the cooling water circulation device 15 and operates the cooling water circulation device 15 at the set cooling temperature.
  • the gas flow meter 47 that has received the activation signal from the controller starts measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas flowing through the gas pipeline 41 and transmits the measured flow rate to the controller.
  • the control unit of the water supply valve 33 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the water supply valve 33, and opens the water pipe 17 and the steam pipe 51.
  • the control unit of the air supply valve 34 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the air supply valve 34 and opens the gas pipeline 30.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 that has received the release signal (ON signal) from the controller opens the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 49 and opens the gas pipeline 41.
  • the controller displays a flow rate display area displaying the flow rate of the mixed gas measured by the gas flow meter 47 and the integrated value of the flow rate, and a system OFF button on the touch panel.
  • the tritium-contaminated water stored in the contaminated water storage tank 11 is discharged by the water supply pump 32 as shown by an arrow in FIG. Flows into the steam generator 50 through the water pipe 17.
  • the tritium-contaminated water is heated by the steam generator 50 to become tritium-contaminated vapor, and the tritium-contaminated vapor passes through the steam pipe 51, passes through the water supply valve 33, and flows into the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B. .
  • the casings 18 (cassettes 20) of the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B are heated by the heating means 19 to a set temperature (range of 450 to 550 ° C., 500 ° C. in FIG. 7). You.
  • the vacuum pump 16 When the vacuum pump 16 is started, the vacuum is drawn by the vacuum pump 16 operating at the set degree of vacuum, and the pressure inside the casing 18 (cassette 20) is set to the set pressure (the range of -0.1 to + 0.1MPs, FIG. 7). In this case, it is kept at -0.1MPs).
  • the cooling water circulating device 15 When the cooling water circulating device 15 (chiller) is started, the cooling tower is cooled by the cooling water circulating device 15, and the long tube 36 is further cooled by the cooling tower 35 to a range of 0 to 5 ° C.
  • the tritium-contaminated steam flows into the cassette 20 from the steam line 51 through the connection opening of the opening / closing lid 26 of the cassette 20.
  • sodium hydroxide (NAOH) alkali metal hydroxide 23 contained therein melts to form a molten salt catalyst, and sodium hydroxide (NAOH) (molten salt).
  • Catalyst) and a powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powder catalyst) (austenitic stainless steel 24) exhibit excellent catalytic activity (catalysis), separate oxygen from tritium-contaminated vapor, and give NaOH + Fe + H 2 shown in FIG.
  • the separated oxygen is converted into sodium hydroxide (NAOH) (alkali metal hydroxide 23) and a powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst (powder catalyst) (austenitic stainless steel 24). ).
  • NAOH sodium hydroxide
  • Powder catalyst powdered austenitic stainless steel catalyst
  • HT tritium gas
  • the replenishing valve 31 is manually opened, and sodium hydroxide (NAOH) (hydroxide 23 of alkali metal) is replenished into the cassette 20 (casing 18) from the replenishing line 29. .
  • a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated by the gasification process flows from the cassette 20 (casing 18) into the gas line 30, flows through the air supply valve 34, and flows into the cold trap 13. I do.
  • a small amount of water vapor contained in the mixed gas is liquefied, the liquefied water vapor (water) is discharged to the outside of the cold trap 13, and the mixed gas from which the water vapor has been removed is discharged from the cold trap 13 through a gas pipe. It flows into the road 41.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B liquefies the steam contained in the mixed gas flowing out of the cassette 20 (the casing 18) by the cold trap 13 so that the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) from which the steam is removed and the tritium gas (HT) Can be taken out.
  • the mixed gas that has flowed into the gas pipe 41 flows into the gas flow meter 47 through the vacuum pump 16, and the flow rate is measured by the flow meter 47.
  • the controller displays the flow rate of the mixed gas received from the gas flow meter 47 and the integrated value of the flow rate on the touch panel in chronological order.
  • the mixed gas flows into the long tube 36 through the gas injection valve 49 and flows inside the long tube 36 from the lower end 37 to the upper end 38 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the controller operates the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 closes the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 49 in accordance with the closing signal, and stops the flow of the mixed gas into the long tube 36. .
  • the separation tower 14 in which the mixed gas reaches the set storage amount is separated from the system 10B and stored in a predetermined place.
  • a new separation tower 14 having no mixed gas in the long tube 36 is connected to the system 10B (replaced).
  • the controller transmits an open signal (ON signal) to the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49.
  • the control unit of the mixed gas injection valve 49 opens the valve mechanism of the mixed gas injection valve 48 according to the opening signal received from the controller, and restarts the flow of the mixed gas into the long tube 36.
  • the mixed gas inside the long tube 36 of each of the separation towers 14 separated and stored from the system 10B is cooled to a range of 0 to 5 ° C. in the long tube 36 cooled by the cooling water circulation device 15 (chiller).
  • the cooling water circulation device 15 chloriller
  • the movement speed of the heavy tritium gas (HT) is reduced faster than that of the light hydrogen gas (H 2 ).
  • H 2 light hydrogen gas
  • the mixed gas is cooled to a low temperature of a predetermined temperature, and the mixed gas repeatedly collides with the convex portions 39 and the concave portions 40 of the tubes 36 to reduce the movement speed, so that the mixed gas is cooled.
  • the tritium gas separated in the separation tower 14 has a heavier mass than the hydrogen gas, and is located in the long tube 36 wound around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35.
  • the hydrogen gas separated in the separation tower 14 is lighter in mass than the tritium gas, and is located in the long tube 36 wrapped around the remaining portions (the central portion 46 and the upper end portion 38) of the cooling tower 35 except for the lower end portion 37. .
  • the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and the tritium gas (HT) in the long tube 36 are measured using a gas dosimeter (not shown) to confirm that the gas separation is completed. Confirm.
  • a tritium gas extraction pipe 42 extending to the lower end of the long tube 36 is connected to a tritium gas storage tank, and A hydrogen gas extraction line 44 extending to the upper end of the tube 36 is connected to the hydrogen gas storage tank.
  • the valve mechanisms of the tritium gas exhaust valve 43 and the hydrogen gas exhaust valve 45 are manually opened to allow the tritium gas to flow into the tritium gas storage tank and store the tritium gas.
  • the hydrogen gas is stored in the tank, and the hydrogen gas flows into the hydrogen gas storage tank and is stored in the hydrogen gas storage tank.
  • the system OFF button displayed on the touch panel is tapped to stop the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B.
  • the shutdown of the tritium contaminated water treatment system 10B is the same as that of the system 10A of FIG.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B includes an alkali metal hydroxide 23 (at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) and an austenitic stainless steel that is at least one of SUS304, SUS304L, and SUS316L.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide 23 molten salt catalyst
  • the austenitic stainless steel 24 metal catalyst
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B uses a metal catalyst of the austenitic stainless steel 24 in these forms and a molten salt catalyst of an alkali metal hydroxide (at least one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide). Gasification of tritium-contaminated vapor produces a large amount of hydrogen gas, which can be used as fuel, and can produce large amounts of hydrogen gas fuel while removing tritium from tritium-contaminated vapor. it can.
  • a mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated in the cassette 20 (casing 18) of the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B is separated in the separation tower 14.
  • the hydrogen gas and the tritium gas are separated, and the tritium gas is located in the long tube 36 which wraps around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35, and the hydrogen gas wraps around the remaining portion excluding the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35. Since it is located in the measuring tube 36, the mixed gas generated in the catalytic reactors 12A and 12B can be surely separated into hydrogen gas and tritium gas in the separation tower 14, and only hydrogen gas can be taken out as fuel. At the same time, by taking out tritium gas, tritium can be completely removed from tritium-contaminated vapor. Kill.
  • the tritium-contaminated water treatment system 10B has a long mixed gas of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and tritium gas (HT) generated by gasifying tritium-contaminated steam in the first and second catalytic reactors 12A and 12B.
  • the mixed gas of the hydrogen gas and the tritium gas flows into the long tube 36 and repeatedly collides with the convex portions 39 and the concave portions 40 formed inside the long tube 36, and the moving velocity of the heavy tritium gas is increased by the mass.
  • the tritium gas can be positioned in the long tube 36 wrapped around the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35, and the hydrogen gas can be moved to the remaining portion except the lower end 37 of the cooling tower 35. It can be located on the long tube 36 to be wound.

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Abstract

Le problème posé est de fournir un système de traitement d'eau contaminée au tritium au moyen duquel il devient possible de séparer le tritium de l'eau contaminée au tritium de manière fiable et également de pouvoir éliminer complètement le tritium de l'eau contaminée au tritium. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un système de traitement d'eau contaminée au tritium qui comprend un four de réaction catalytique (12A, 12B) dans lequel l'oxygène est séparé de l'eau contaminée au tritium pour générer un gaz hydrogène et un gaz tritium. Dans le four de réaction catalytique (12A, 12B), un hydroxyde de métal alcalin (un catalyseur de sel fondu) et un acier inoxydable austénitique (un catalyseur métallique) sont placés dans une cassette dans le four de réaction catalytique (12A, 12B), l'eau contaminée au tritium est versée dans la cassette et est gazéifiée de façon à obtenir un gaz mixte composé d'un gaz hydrogène (H2) et d'un gaz tritium (HT) dans l'eau contaminée au tritium par une réaction en phase gazeuse, représentée par la formule: NaOH + Fe + H2O + HTO → NaAFeBOCTD + 1,5 H2 + HT, à l'intérieur de la cassette tout en chauffant la cassette à une température prédéterminée par un moyen de chauffage.
PCT/JP2019/027099 2018-07-09 2019-07-09 Système de traitement de l'eau contaminee au tritium WO2020013167A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015045501A (ja) * 2013-08-01 2015-03-12 株式会社Ｔｉ 放射能汚染水の処理方法
JP2015078123A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2015-04-23 株式会社Ｔｉ 水から水素を発生せしめる水素発生方法及び水素発生装置
JP2017100090A (ja) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-08 中国電力株式会社 トリチウム分離システム
JP2017222550A (ja) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 株式会社Ｔｉ 水素化ナトリウムの製造方法、水素発生方法及び水素発生装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016008878A (ja) * 2014-06-24 2016-01-18 泰男 石川 放射能汚染水の処理方法及び処理システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015045501A (ja) * 2013-08-01 2015-03-12 株式会社Ｔｉ 放射能汚染水の処理方法
JP2015078123A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2015-04-23 株式会社Ｔｉ 水から水素を発生せしめる水素発生方法及び水素発生装置
JP2017100090A (ja) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-08 中国電力株式会社 トリチウム分離システム
JP2017222550A (ja) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 株式会社Ｔｉ 水素化ナトリウムの製造方法、水素発生方法及び水素発生装置

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